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Kimura H. Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2S)/Polysulfides (H 2S n) Signalling and TRPA1 Channels Modification on Sulfur Metabolism. Biomolecules 2024; 14:129. [PMID: 38275758 PMCID: PMC10813152 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and polysulfides (H2Sn, n ≥ 2) produced by enzymes play a role as signalling molecules regulating neurotransmission, vascular tone, cytoprotection, inflammation, oxygen sensing, and energy formation. H2Sn, which have additional sulfur atoms to H2S, and other S-sulfurated molecules such as cysteine persulfide and S-sulfurated cysteine residues of proteins, are produced by enzymes including 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). H2Sn are also generated by the chemical interaction of H2S with NO, or to a lesser extent with H2O2. S-sulfuration (S-sulfhydration) has been proposed as a mode of action of H2S and H2Sn to regulate the activity of target molecules. Recently, we found that H2S/H2S2 regulate the release of neurotransmitters, such as GABA, glutamate, and D-serine, a co-agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. H2S facilitates the induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation, a synaptic model of memory formation, by enhancing the activity of NMDA receptors, while H2S2 achieves this by activating transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels in astrocytes, potentially leading to the activation of nearby neurons. The recent findings show the other aspects of TRPA1 channels-that is, the regulation of the levels of sulfur-containing molecules and their metabolizing enzymes. Disturbance of the signalling by H2S/H2Sn has been demonstrated to be involved in various diseases, including cognitive and psychiatric diseases. The physiological and pathophysiological roles of these molecules will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, 1-1-1 Daigaku-Dori, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
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Gupta R, Sahu M, Tripathi R, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Protein S-sulfhydration: Unraveling the prospective of hydrogen sulfide in the brain, vasculature and neurological manifestations. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101579. [PMID: 35124235 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn) are essential regulatory signaling molecules generated by the entire body, including the central nervous system. Researchers have focused on the classical H2S signaling from the past several decades, whereas the last decade has shown the emergence of H2S-induced protein S-sulfhydration signaling as a potential therapeutic approach. Cysteine S-persulfidation is a critical paradigm of post-translational modification in the process of H2S signaling. Additionally, studies have shown the cross-relationship between S-sulfhydration and other cysteine-induced post-translational modifications, namely nitrosylation and carbonylation. In the central nervous system, S-sulfhydration is involved in the cytoprotection through various signaling pathways, viz. inflammatory response, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis. Further, studies have demonstrated H2S-induced S-sulfhydration in regulating different biological processes, such as mitochondrial integrity, calcium homeostasis, blood-brain permeability, cerebral blood flow, and long-term potentiation. Thus, protein S-sulfhydration becomes a crucial regulatory molecule in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we first described the generation of intracellular H2S followed by the application of H2S in the regulation of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain permeability. Further, we described the involvement of S-sulfhydration in different biological and cellular functions, such as inflammatory response, mitochondrial integrity, calcium imbalance, and oxidative stress. Moreover, we highlighted the importance of S-sulfhydration in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Muller JDAI, Lencina JDS, Souza MIL, Mortari MR, Toffoli-Kadri MC. Macrophage activation in vitro by Parachartergus fraternus venom. Toxicon 2021; 198:48-53. [PMID: 33940047 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Parachartergus fraternus wasp induces inflammation with a predominance of mononuclear cells, that can acquire macrophage functions at the sting site, amplifying the response. These cells can be activated by venomous animals and are involved in destruction of injurious agents and release of inflammatory mediators. The objective of this work was to evaluate the activity of P. fraternus venom (Pfv) on isolated murine macrophage function. The cells were obtained from peritoneal cavity of Swiss male mice and incubated with Pfv (2.5, 5 and 10 μg/mL). Cytotoxicity was determined using MTT assay. Adhesion and detachment were evaluated using violet crystal dye. Spreading was evaluated based on morphological parameters. Phagocytosis was performed with opsonized zymosan. Production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) were quantified using the phenol red and Griess assays, respectively. Pfv at concentrations evaluated was not cytotoxic in MTT assay and did not cause macrophage detachment in cell culture plates. However, it increased adhesion of macrophage, spreading and phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan, as well as induced production of H2O2 and NO. Therefore, Pfv induces macrophage activation in vitro and the response of these cells can be correlated with the previously reported inflammatory process triggered by this wasp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica de Araujo Isaias Muller
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Inflammation, FACFAN/Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; PhD Student of the Multicenter Program of Post-Graduation in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, INBIO/Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Joyce Dos Santos Lencina
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Inflammation, FACFAN/Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Master of Science Student of the Program of Post-Graduation in Pharmacy, FACFAN/ Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Lenz Souza
- Laboratory of Biophysiopharmacology, INBIO/ Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, CB/University of Brasilia, Brazil
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LaPenna KB, Polhemus DJ, Doiron JE, Hidalgo HA, Li Z, Lefer DJ. Hydrogen Sulfide as a Potential Therapy for Heart Failure-Past, Present, and Future. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:485. [PMID: 33808673 PMCID: PMC8003444 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous, gaseous signaling molecule that plays a critical role in cardiac and vascular biology. H2S regulates vascular tone and oxidant defenses and exerts cytoprotective effects in the heart and circulation. Recent studies indicate that H2S modulates various components of metabolic syndrome, including obesity and glucose metabolism. This review will discuss studies exhibiting H2S -derived cardioprotective signaling in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). We will also discuss the role of H2S in metabolic syndrome and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B. LaPenna
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.B.L.); (D.J.P.); (J.E.D.); (H.A.H.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - David J. Polhemus
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.B.L.); (D.J.P.); (J.E.D.); (H.A.H.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jake E. Doiron
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.B.L.); (D.J.P.); (J.E.D.); (H.A.H.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hunter A. Hidalgo
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.B.L.); (D.J.P.); (J.E.D.); (H.A.H.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.B.L.); (D.J.P.); (J.E.D.); (H.A.H.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - David J. Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.B.L.); (D.J.P.); (J.E.D.); (H.A.H.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Sun HJ, Xiong SP, Cao X, Cao L, Zhu MY, Wu ZY, Bian JS. Polysulfide-mediated sulfhydration of SIRT1 prevents diabetic nephropathy by suppressing phosphorylation and acetylation of p65 NF-κB and STAT3. Redox Biol 2020; 38:101813. [PMID: 33279869 PMCID: PMC7718489 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is known as a major cause of chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. Polysulfides, a class of chemical agents with a chain of sulfur atoms, are found to confer renal protective effects in acute kidney injury. However, whether a polysulfide donor, sodium tetrasulfide (Na2S4), confers protective effects against diabetic nephropathy remains unclear. Our results showed that Na2S4 treatment ameliorated renal dysfunctional and histological damage in diabetic kidneys through inhibiting the overproduction of inflammation cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as attenuating renal fibrosis and renal cell apoptosis. Additionally, the upregulated phosphorylation and acetylation levels of p65 nuclear factor κB (p65 NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in diabetic nephropathy were abrogated by Na2S4 in a sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)-dependent manner. In renal tubular epithelial cells, Na2S4 directly sulfhydrated SIRT1 at two conserved CXXC domains (Cys371/374; Cys395/398), then induced dephosphorylation and deacetylation of its targeted proteins including p65 NF-κB and STAT3, thereby reducing high glucose (HG)-caused oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, inflammation response and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression. Most importantly, inactivation of SIRT1 by a specific inhibitor EX-527, small interfering RNA (siRNA), a de-sulfhydration reagent dithiothreitol (DTT), or mutation of Cys371/374 and Cys395/398 sites at SIRT1 abolished the protective effects of Na2S4 on diabetic kidney insulting. These results reveal that polysulfides may attenuate diabetic renal lesions via inactivation of p65 NF-κB and STAT3 phosphorylation/acetylation through sulfhydrating SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Si-Ping Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore; National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China.
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Kimura H. Hydrogen sulfide signalling in the CNS - Comparison with NO. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5031-5045. [PMID: 32860641 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) together with polysulfides (H2 Sn , n > 2) are signalling molecules like NO with various physiological roles including regulation of neuronal transmission, vascular tone, inflammation and oxygen sensing. H2 S and H2 Sn diffuse to the target proteins for S-sulfurating their cysteine residues that induces the conformational changes to alter the activity. On the other hand, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase transfers sulfur from a substrate 3-mercaptopyruvate to the cysteine residues of acceptor proteins. A similar mechanism has also been identified in S-nitrosylation. S-sulfuration and S-nitrosylation by enzymes proceed only inside the cell, while reactions induced by H2 S, H2 Sn and NO even extend to the surrounding cells. Disturbance of signalling by these molecules as well as S-sulfuration and S-nitrosylation causes many nervous system diseases. This review focuses on the signalling by H2 S and H2 Sn with S-sulfuration comparing to that of NO with S-nitrosylation and discusses on their roles in physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda, Japan
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Dilek N, Papapetropoulos A, Toliver-Kinsky T, Szabo C. Hydrogen sulfide: An endogenous regulator of the immune system. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105119. [PMID: 32781284 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now recognized as an endogenous signaling gasotransmitter in mammals. It is produced by mammalian cells and tissues by various enzymes - predominantly cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) - but part of the H2S is produced by the intestinal microbiota (colonic H2S-producing bacteria). Here we summarize the available information on the production and functional role of H2S in the various cell types typically associated with innate immunity (neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils) and adaptive immunity (T and B lymphocytes) under normal conditions and as it relates to the development of various inflammatory and immune diseases. Special attention is paid to the physiological and the pathophysiological aspects of the oral cavity and the colon, where the immune cells and the parenchymal cells are exposed to a special "H2S environment" due to bacterial H2S production. H2S has many cellular and molecular targets. Immune cells are "surrounded" by a "cloud" of H2S, as a result of endogenous H2S production and exogenous production from the surrounding parenchymal cells, which, in turn, importantly regulates their viability and function. Downregulation of endogenous H2S producing enzymes in various diseases, or genetic defects in H2S biosynthetic enzyme systems either lead to the development of spontaneous autoimmune disease or accelerate the onset and worsen the severity of various immune-mediated diseases (e.g. autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis or asthma). Low, regulated amounts of H2S, when therapeutically delivered by small molecule donors, improve the function of various immune cells, and protect them against dysfunction induced by various noxious stimuli (e.g. reactive oxygen species or oxidized LDL). These effects of H2S contribute to the maintenance of immune functions, can stimulate antimicrobial defenses and can exert anti-inflammatory therapeutic effects in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahzli Dilek
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Tracy Toliver-Kinsky
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Zhong H, Yu H, Chen J, Sun J, Guo L, Huang P, Zhong Y. Hydrogen Sulfide and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Central Nervous System Degeneration Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:702. [PMID: 32477150 PMCID: PMC7240010 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There are three members of the endogenous gas transmitter family. The first two are nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, and the third newly added member is hydrogen sulfide (H2S). They all have similar functions: relaxing blood vessels, smoothing muscles, and getting involved in the regulation of neuronal excitation, learning, and memory. The cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase acts together with cysteine aminotransferase (3-MST/CAT), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase with D-amino acid oxidase (3-MST/DAO) pathways are involved in the enzymatic production of H2S. More and more researches focus on the role of H2S in the central nervous system (CNS), and H2S plays a significant function in neuroprotection processes, regulating the function of the nervous system as a signaling molecule in the CNS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and protein misfolding in its mechanism are related to neurodegenerative diseases. H2S exhibits a wide variety of cytoprotective and physiological functions in the CNS degenerative diseases by regulating ERS. This review summarized on the neuroprotective effect of H2S for ERS played in several CNS diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and depression disorder, and discussed the corresponding possible signaling pathways or mechanisms as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjue Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Kimura H. Signalling by hydrogen sulfide and polysulfides via protein S-sulfuration. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:720-733. [PMID: 30657595 PMCID: PMC7024735 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a signalling molecule that regulates neuronal transmission, vascular tone, cytoprotection, inflammatory responses, angiogenesis, and oxygen sensing. Some of these functions have recently been ascribed to its oxidized form polysulfides (H2 Sn ), which can be produced by 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST), also known as a H2 S-producing enzyme. H2 Sn activate ion channels, tumour suppressors, transcription factors, and protein kinases. H2 Sn S-sulfurate (S-sulfhydrate) cysteine residues of these target proteins to modify their activity by inducing conformational changes through the formation of a disulfide bridge between the two cysteine residues involved. The chemical interaction between H2 S and NO also generates H2 Sn , which may be a chemical entity that exerts the synergistic effect of H2 S and NO. MPST also produces redox regulators cysteine persulfide (CysSSH), GSH persulfide (GSSH), and persulfurated proteins. In addition to MPST, haemoproteins such as haemoglobin, myoglobin, neuroglobin, and catalase as well as SOD can produce H2 Sn , and sulfide quinone oxidoreductase and cysteinyl tRNA synthetase can make GSSH and CysSSH. This review focuses on the recent progress in the study of the production and physiological roles of these persulfurated and polysulfurated molecules. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Hydrogen Sulfide in Biology & Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kimura
- National Institute of NeuroscienceNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
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Signaling by hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and polysulfides (H2Sn) in the central nervous system. Neurochem Int 2019; 126:118-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Abstract
Dr. Hideo Kimura is recognized as a redox pioneer because he has published an article in the field of antioxidant and redox biology that has been cited >1000 times, and 29 articles that have been cited >100 times. Since the first description of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a toxic gas 300 years ago, most studies have been devoted to its toxicity. In 1996, Dr. Kimura demonstrated a physiological role of H2S as a mediator of cognitive function and cystathionine β-synthase as an H2S-producing enzyme. In the following year, he showed H2S as a vascular smooth muscle relaxant in synergy with nitric oxide and its production by cystathionine γ-lyase in vasculature. Subsequently he reported the cytoprotective effect of H2S on neurons against oxidative stress. Since then, studies on H2S have unveiled numerous physiological roles such as the regulation of inflammation, cell growth, oxygen sensing, and senescence. He also discovered polysulfides (H2Sn), which have a higher number of sulfur atoms than H2S and are one of the active forms of H2S, as potent signaling molecules produced by 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase. H2Sn regulate ion channels and transcription factors to upregulate antioxidant genes, tumor suppressors, and protein kinases to, in turn, regulate blood pressure. These findings led to the re-evaluation of other persulfurated molecules such as cysteine persulfide and glutathione persulfide. Dr. Kimura is a pioneer of studies on H2S and H2Sn as signaling molecules. It is fortunate to come across a secret of nature and pick it up. -Prof. Hideo Kimura.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lefer
- CV Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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Griffin S, Sarfraz M, Hartmann SF, Pinnapireddy SR, Nasim MJ, Bakowsky U, Keck CM, Jacob C. Resuspendable Powders of Lyophilized Chalcogen Particles with Activity against Microorganisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E23. [PMID: 29382037 PMCID: PMC5836013 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organic sulfur, selenium and tellurium compounds show considerable activity against microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. This pronounced activity is often due to the specific, oxidizing redox behavior of the chalcogen-chalcogen bond present in such molecules. Interestingly, similar chalcogen-chalcogen motifs are also found in the elemental forms of these elements, and while those materials are insoluble in aqueous media, it has recently been possible to unlock their biological activities using naturally produced or homogenized suspensions of respective chalcogen nanoparticles. Those suspensions can be employed readily and often effectively against common pathogenic microorganisms, still their practical uses are limited as such suspensions are difficult to transport, store and apply. Using mannitol as stabilizer, it is now possible to lyophilize such suspensions to produce solid forms of the nanoparticles, which upon resuspension in water essentially retain their initial size and exhibit considerable biological activity. The sequence of Nanosizing, Lyophilization and Resuspension (NaLyRe) eventually provides access to a range of lyophilized materials which may be considered as easy-to-handle, ready-to-use and at the same time as bioavailable, active forms of otherwise insoluble or sparingly substances. In the case of elemental sulfur, selenium and tellurium, this approach promises wider practical applications, for instance in the medical or agricultural arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharoon Griffin
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
| | - Steffen F Hartmann
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | | | - Muhammad Jawad Nasim
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Cornelia M Keck
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
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Ujike A, Kuraishi T, Yamaguchi S, Eguchi R, Kitano T, Kamise J, Ito S, Otsuguro KI. IL-1β augments H 2S-induced increase in intracellular Ca 2+ through polysulfides generated from H 2S/NO interaction. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 821:88-96. [PMID: 29337193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
H2S has excitatory and inhibitory effects on Ca2+ signals via transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and ATP-sensitive K+ channels, respectively. H2S converts intracellularly to polysulfides, which are more potent agonists for TRPA1 than H2S. Under inflammatory conditions, changes in the expression and activity of these H2S target channels and/or the conversion of H2S to polysulfides may modulate H2S effects. Effects of proinflammatory cytokines on H2S-induced Ca2+ signals and polysulfide production in RIN14B cells were examined using fluorescence imaging with fura-2 and SSP4, respectively. Na2S, a H2S donor, induced 1) the inhibition of spontaneous Ca2+ signals, 2) inhibition followed by [Ca2+]i increase, and 3) rapid [Ca2+]i increase without inhibition in 50% (23/46), 22% (10/46), and 17% (8/46) of cells tested, respectively. IL-1β augmented H2S-induced [Ca2+]i increases, which were inhibited by TRPA1 and voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ channel blockers. However, IL-1β treatment did not affect [Ca2+]i increases evoked by a TRPA1 agonist or high concentration of KCl. Na2S increased intracellular polysulfide levels, which were enhanced by IL-1β treatment. A NOS inhibitor suppressed the increased polysulfide production and [Ca2+]i increase in IL-1β-treated cells. These results suggest that IL-1β augments H2S-induced [Ca2+]i increases via the conversion of H2S to polysulfides through NO synthesis, but not via changes in the activity and expression of target channels. Polysulfides may play an important role in the effects of H2S during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Ujike
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kuraishi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Soichiro Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ryota Eguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kitano
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Jumpei Kamise
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Shigeo Ito
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Otsuguro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
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14
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Kimura Y, Koike S, Shibuya N, Lefer D, Ogasawara Y, Kimura H. 3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase produces potential redox regulators cysteine- and glutathione-persulfide (Cys-SSH and GSSH) together with signaling molecules H 2S 2, H 2S 3 and H 2S. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10459. [PMID: 28874874 PMCID: PMC5585270 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine-persulfide (Cys-SSH) is a cysteine whose sulfhydryl group is covalently bound to sulfur (sulfane sulfur). Cys-SSH and its glutathione (GSH) counterpart (GSSH) have been recognized as redox regulators, some of which were previously ascribed to cysteine and GSH. However, the production of Cys-SSH and GSSH is not well understood. Here, we show that 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST) produces Cys-SSH and GSSH together with the potential signaling molecules hydrogen per- and tri-sulfide (H2S2 and H2S3). Cys-SSH and GSSH are produced in the brain of wild-type mice but not in those of 3MST-KO mice. The levels of total persulfurated species in the brain of 3MST-KO mice are less than 50% of that in the brain of wild-type mice. Purified recombinant 3MST and lysates of COS cells expressing 3MST showed that Cys-SSH and GSSH were produced in the presence of physiological concentrations of cysteine and glutathione, while those with longer sulfur chains, Cys-SSnH and GSSnH, were produced in the presence of lower than physiological concentrations of cysteine and glutathione. The present study provides new insights into the production and physiological roles of these persulfurated species as well as the therapeutic targets for diseases in which these molecules are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kimura
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Shin Koike
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-552-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Norihiro Shibuya
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - David Lefer
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Yuki Ogasawara
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-552-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Hideo Kimura
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
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15
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Polysulfides (H 2S n) produced from the interaction of hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) and nitric oxide (NO) activate TRPA1 channels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45995. [PMID: 28378773 PMCID: PMC5380989 DOI: 10.1038/srep45995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts synergistic effects with another gaseous signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) on ion channels and vasculature. However, the mechanism of the synergy is not well understood. Here, we show that the interaction between H2S and NO generates polysulfides (H2Sn), which activate transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels. High performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis, along with the imaging of intracellular Ca2+ and H2Sn, showed that H2Sn and their effects were abolished by cyanolysis and by reducing substances such as dithiothreitol (DTT), cysteine, and glutathione (GSH). However, the effects of nitroxyl or nitrosopersulfide, other potential products of H2S and NO interaction, are not affected by cyanolysis or reducing substances. This study demonstrates that H2Sn are products of synergy between H2S and NO and provides a new insight into the signaling mechanisms.
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