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Hu XQ, Zhang L. Role of transient receptor potential channels in the regulation of vascular tone. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104051. [PMID: 38838960 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Vascular tone is a major element in the control of hemodynamics. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels conducting monovalent and/or divalent cations (e.g. Na+ and Ca2+) are expressed in the vasculature. Accumulating evidence suggests that TRP channels participate in regulating vascular tone by regulating intracellular Ca2+ signaling in both vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). Aberrant expression/function of TRP channels in the vasculature is associated with vascular dysfunction in systemic/pulmonary hypertension and metabolic syndromes. This review intends to summarize our current knowledge of TRP-mediated regulation of vascular tone in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions and to discuss potential therapeutic approaches to tackle abnormal vascular tone due to TRP dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qun Hu
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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2
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Shima N, Yamamura A, Fujiwara M, Amano T, Matsumoto K, Sekine T, Okano H, Kondo R, Suzuki Y, Yamamura H. Up-regulated expression of two-pore domain K + channels, KCNK1 and KCNK2, is involved in the proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1343804. [PMID: 38410243 PMCID: PMC10894933 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1343804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and rare disease in the cardiopulmonary system. Its pathogenesis involves vascular remodeling of the pulmonary artery, which results in progressive increases in pulmonary arterial pressure. Chronically increased pulmonary arterial pressure causes right ventricular hypertrophy and subsequent right heart failure. Pulmonary vascular remodeling is attributed to the excessive proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), which are induced by enhanced Ca2+ signaling following the up-/down-regulation of ion channel expression. Objectives In the present study, the functional expression of two-pore domain potassium KCNK channels was investigated in PASMCs from idiopathic PAH (IPAH) patients and experimental pulmonary hypertensive (PH) animals. Results In IPAH-PASMCs, the expression of KCNK1/TWIK1 and KCNK2/TREK1 channels was up-regulated, whereas that of KCNK3/TASK1 and KCNK6/TWIK2 channels was down-regulated. The similar up-regulated expression of KCNK1 and KCNK2 channels was observed in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscles of monocrotaline-induced PH rats, Sugen 5416/hypoxia-induced PH rats, and hypoxia-induced PH mice. The facilitated proliferation of IPAH-PASMCs was suppressed by the KCNK channel blockers, quinine and tetrapentylammonium. The migration of IPAH-PASMCs was also suppressed by these channel blockers. Furthermore, increases in the proliferation and migration were inhibited by the siRNA knockdown of KCNK1 or KCNK2 channels. The siRNA knockdown also caused membrane depolarization and subsequent decrease in cytosolic [Ca2+]. The phosphorylated level of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was elevated in IPAH-PASMCs compared to normal-PASMCs. The increased phosphorylation was significantly reduced by the siRNA knockdown of KCNK1 or KCNK2 channels. Conclusion Collectively, these findings indicate that the up-regulated expression of KCNK1 and KCNK2 channels facilitates the proliferation and migration of PASMCs via enhanced Ca2+ signaling and JNK signaling pathway, which is associated with vascular remodeling in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Shima
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Moe Fujiwara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taiki Amano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taiga Sekine
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruka Okano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rubii Kondo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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Niloy SI, Strege PR, Hannan EC, Cowan LM, Linsenmeier F, Friedrich O, Farrugia G, Beyder A. Stretch response of the mechano-gated channel TMEM63A in membrane patches and single cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C622-C631. [PMID: 38189136 PMCID: PMC11193453 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00583.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The recently discovered ion channel TMEM63A has biophysical features distinctive for mechano-gated cation channels, activating at high pressures with slow kinetics while not inactivating. However, some biophysical properties are less clear, including no information on its function in whole cells. The aim of this study is to expand the TMEM63A biophysical characterization and examine the function in whole cells. Piezo1-knockout HEK293T cells were cotransfected with human TMEM63A and green fluorescent protein (GFP), and macroscopic currents in cell-attached patches were recorded by high-speed pressure clamp at holding voltages from -120 to -20 mV with 0-100 mmHg patch suction for 1 s. HEK293 cells cotransfected with TMEM63A and GCaMP5 were seeded onto polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane, and the response to 3-12 s of 1%-15% whole cell isotropic (equi-biaxial) stretch induced by an IsoStretcher was measured by the change in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and presented as (ΔF/F0 > 1). Increasing patch pressures activated TMEM63A currents with accelerating activation kinetics and current amplitudes that were pressure dependent but voltage independent. TMEM63A currents were plateaued within 2 s, recovered quickly, and were sensitive to Gd3+. In whole cells stretched on flexible membranes, radial stretch increased the [Ca2+]i responses in a larger proportion of cells cotransfected with TMEM63A and GCaMP5 than GCaMP5-only controls. TMEM63A currents are force activated and voltage insensitive, have a high threshold for pressure activation with slow activation and deactivation, and lack inactivation over 5 s. TMEM63A has the net polarity and kinetics that would depolarize plasma membranes and increase inward currents, contributing to a sustained [Ca2+]i increase in response to high stretch.NEW & NOTEWORTHY TMEM63A has biophysical features distinctive for mechano-gated cation channels, but some properties are less clear, including no functional information in whole cells. We report that pressure-dependent yet voltage-independent TMEM63A currents in cell membrane patches correlated with cell size. In addition, radial stretch of whole cells on flexible membranes increased the [Ca2+]i responses more in TMEM63A-transfected cells. Inward TMEM63A currents in response to high stretch can depolarize plasma membranes and contribute to a sustained [Ca2+]i increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeman Islam Niloy
- Enteric Neuroscience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Peter R Strege
- Enteric Neuroscience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Elizabeth C Hannan
- Enteric Neuroscience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Luke M Cowan
- Enteric Neuroscience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Fabian Linsenmeier
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gianrico Farrugia
- Enteric Neuroscience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Arthur Beyder
- Enteric Neuroscience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
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Hopkins CD, Wessel C, Chen O, El-Kersh K, Cave MC, Cai L, Huang J. Potential Roles of Metals in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary and Systemic Hypertension. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5036-5054. [PMID: 37928257 PMCID: PMC10620830 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary and systemic hypertension (PH, SH) are characterized by vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling resulting in increased vascular resistance and pulmonary/aortic artery pressures. The chronic stress leads to inflammation, oxidative stress, and infiltration by immune cells. Roles of metals in these diseases, particularly PH are largely unknown. This review first discusses the pathophysiology of PH including vascular oxidative stress, inflammation, and remodeling in PH; mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic changes in PH; ion channel and its alterations in the pathogenesis of PH as well as PH-associated right ventricular (RV) remodeling and dysfunctions. This review then summarizes metal general features and essentiality for the cardiovascular system and effects of metals on systemic blood pressure. Lastly, this review explores non-essential and essential metals and potential roles of their dyshomeostasis in PH and RV dysfunction. Although it remains early to conclude the role of metals in the pathogenesis of PH, emerging direct and indirect evidence implicates the possible contributions of metal-mediated toxicities in the development of PH. Future research should focus on comprehensive clinical metallomics study in PH patients; mechanistic evaluations to elucidate roles of various metals in PH animal models; and novel therapy clinical trials targeting metals. These important discoveries will significantly advance our understandings of this rare yet fatal disease, PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Danielle Hopkins
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Caitlin Wessel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Oscar Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Karim El-Kersh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Matthew C. Cave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Transplant Program at UofL Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jiapeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Transplant Program at UofL Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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Balistrieri A, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Pathophysiology and pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension: role of membrane receptors, ion channels, and Ca 2+ signaling. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1827-1897. [PMID: 36422993 PMCID: PMC10110735 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary circulation is a low-resistance, low-pressure, and high-compliance system that allows the lungs to receive the entire cardiac output. Pulmonary arterial pressure is a function of cardiac output and pulmonary vascular resistance, and pulmonary vascular resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the intraluminal radius of the pulmonary artery. Therefore, a very small decrease of the pulmonary vascular lumen diameter results in a significant increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a fatal and progressive disease with poor prognosis. Regardless of the initial pathogenic triggers, sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction, concentric vascular remodeling, occlusive intimal lesions, in situ thrombosis, and vascular wall stiffening are the major and direct causes for elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and other forms of precapillary pulmonary hypertension. In this review, we aim to discuss the basic principles and physiological mechanisms involved in the regulation of lung vascular hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular function, the changes in the pulmonary vasculature that contribute to the increased vascular resistance and arterial pressure, and the pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension. We focus on reviewing the pathogenic roles of membrane receptors, ion channels, and intracellular Ca2+ signaling in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Chaigne S, Barbeau S, Ducret T, Guinamard R, Benoist D. Pathophysiological Roles of the TRPV4 Channel in the Heart. Cells 2023; 12:1654. [PMID: 37371124 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel is a non-selective cation channel that is mostly permeable to calcium (Ca2+), which participates in intracellular Ca2+ handling in cardiac cells. It is widely expressed through the body and is activated by a large spectrum of physicochemical stimuli, conferring it a role in a variety of sensorial and physiological functions. Within the cardiovascular system, TRPV4 expression is reported in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), where it modulates mitochondrial activity, Ca2+ homeostasis, cardiomyocytes electrical activity and contractility, cardiac embryonic development and fibroblast proliferation, as well as vascular permeability, dilatation and constriction. On the other hand, TRPV4 channels participate in several cardiac pathological processes such as the development of cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, heart failure, myocardial infarction and arrhythmia. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of TRPV4 channel implications in cardiac physiology and discuss the potential of the TRPV4 channel as a therapeutic target against cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Chaigne
- IHU LIRYC Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33600 Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
- Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Solène Barbeau
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Thomas Ducret
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Romain Guinamard
- UR4650, Physiopathologie et Stratégies d'Imagerie du Remodelage Cardiovasculaire, GIP Cyceron, Université de Caen Normandie, 14032 Caen, France
| | - David Benoist
- IHU LIRYC Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33600 Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
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Hongyu Z, Zhuo W, Changjiang L, Pingjie W, Fang S, Lanlan Z, Peng X. Effect of Static Pressure on Early Apoptosis of Condylar Chondrocytes by Activating Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 (TRPM7) Channel. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study is to detect the Ca2+ permeability of transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channel under Static pressure, and to verify the effection of pressure on cell apoptosis through TRPM7 channel mediated Ca2+ influx. Materials
and Methods: Rat condylar chondrocytes cells are divided into control group, pressure group and FTY720 group. TRPM7 protein content is detected by westernblot. Calcium current is detected by colorimetry, and flow cytometry is used to detect apoptotic cells. Results: The cell morphology
is spindle or spindle shape with clear boundary. The nucleus is oval and located in the center of the cell. Compared with the control group, the protein content of TRPM7, the calcium concentration was significantly higher (P <0.05). apoptosis in the pressure group is significantly
increased than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Static pressure upregulates the expression of TRPM7 in chondrocytes, resulting in the increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which leads to apoptosis through signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Hongyu
- Department of Stomatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 1986, Qidaowan South Road, Shuimogou District, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Wang Zhuo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Urumqi Stomatological Hospital, No. 196, Zhongshan Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, 830002, China
| | - Liu Changjiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 39, Wuxing South Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, 830092, China
| | - Wei Pingjie
- Department of Stomatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 1986, Qidaowan South Road, Shuimogou District, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Sun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 39, Wuxing South Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, 830092, China
| | - Zhao Lanlan
- Department of Stomatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 39, Wuxing South Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, 830092, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of Stomatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 1986, Qidaowan South Road, Shuimogou District, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, 830054, China
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Lachance L, Conversy B, Wiggen K, Pavard C, Reinero C, Masseau I. No evidence of pulmonary hypertension revealed in an echographic evaluation of right-sided hemodynamics in hyperthyroid cats. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:e558-e567. [PMID: 36350661 PMCID: PMC9742920 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221127102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrinopathy affecting middle-aged to elderly cats, with multisystemic repercussions. Hyperthyroid humans show decreased lung compliance and increased cardiac output with subsequent left heart failure leading to pulmonary capillary congestion. Prognosis worsens with the development of increased pulmonary vascular pressures (ie, pulmonary hypertension [PH]) in hyperthyroid humans. The effect of excess thyroid hormone concentration on pulmonary arterial hemodynamics is unknown in cats. Assessing pulmonary vascular pressures in veterinary medicine relies heavily on echocardiographic measurements performed at the level of the heart and pulmonary trunk. This study investigated right-sided cardiac and pulmonary arterial hemodynamics in hyperthyroid cats using echocardiography. METHODS Echocardiographic examinations of hyperthyroid cats identified through a bi-institutional database search were reviewed for the determination of systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and 20 other metrics. Values were compared with those of a healthy cat group using non-parametric statistical analyses. RESULTS Systolic PAP could not be determined in 23/26 hyperthyroid and 13/14 healthy cats owing to unmeasurable tricuspid regurgitation flow velocity. Hyperthyroid cats were roughly twice as old (P <0.001) and had 2-4-fold higher respiratory rates (P <0.001) than healthy cats. Hyperthyroid cats showed an increase in acceleration time-to-ejection time ratio of pulmonary flow (1.4-fold, P = 0.001), pulmonary artery velocity time integral (1.2-1.6-fold, P = 0.001), maximal pulmonary velocity (1.3-1.7-fold, P = 0.002), stroke volume (1.5-fold, P = 0.001) and cardiac output (1.6-fold, P <0.001) vs healthy cats. None of the other echocardiographic metrics reached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Systolic PAP estimation proved unsuitable as a sole measurement for the assessment of PH in hyperthyroid cats owing to the frequent inability to interrogate tricuspid regurgitant flow velocity. Hyperthyroid cats have altered echocardiographic measures of pulmonary hemodynamics dissimilar to those reported in hyperthyroid humans. Differential effects of thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy on ventricular systolic function may underlie species differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laury Lachance
- Department of Clinical Sciences,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe,
Canada
| | - Bérénice Conversy
- Department of Clinical Sciences,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe,
Canada
| | - Kelly Wiggen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and
Surgery, University of Missouri Veterinary Health Center, College of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Christophe Pavard
- Department of Clinical Sciences,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe,
Canada
| | - Carol Reinero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and
Surgery, University of Missouri Veterinary Health Center, College of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Isabelle Masseau
- Department of Clinical Sciences,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe,
Canada,Isabelle Masseau DVM, PhD, Dipl ACVR,
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
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9
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Chacko SR, Ram P, Fox T, Sooknanan N, Lo KB, Menezes RG, Lasrado S, Eiger G, Vaidya A. Impact of achieving euthyroidism on pulmonary artery systolic pressures in hyperthyroidism-associated pulmonary hypertension - a systematic review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2022; 12:212-223. [PMID: 36147789 PMCID: PMC9490158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this systematic review, we seek to clarify the impact of treatment of hyperthyroidism on pulmonary hypertension in patients with both these conditions. We included 39 of 709 articles retrieved, that studied patients with hyperthyroidism and pulmonary hypertension (PH). From these, those with a documented pre-treatment Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure (PASP) > 35 mmHg and complete follow up were analyzed, yielding 3 case series and 22 case reports with a total of 81 cases. A significant improvement in PASP was noted with achieving euthyroidism in the 3 case series. The case reports showed a significant reduction in mean PASP from 60.5 ± 13.2 mmHg to 37.5 ± 10.1 mmHg (p < 0.001) in patients with Grave's disease with achieving euthyroidism. No deaths were reported during the follow up period. Achievement of a euthyroid state in patients with hyperthyroidism is associated with statistically significant reductions in PASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shireen R Chacko
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center PhiladelphiaPA, United States of America
| | - Pradhum Ram
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University HospitalAtlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Tamaryn Fox
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center PhiladelphiaPA, United States of America
| | - Naveen Sooknanan
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center PhiladelphiaPA, United States of America
| | - Kevin Bryan Lo
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center PhiladelphiaPA, United States of America
| | - Ritesh G Menezes
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of The University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Savita Lasrado
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Father Muller Medical CollegeMangalore, India
| | - Glenn Eiger
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center PhiladelphiaPA, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Einstein Medical Center PhiladelphiaPA, United States of America
| | - Anjali Vaidya
- Division of Cardiology, Temple University HospitalPhiladelphia, PA, United States of America
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10
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Hiraishi K, Kurahara LH, Ishikawa K, Go T, Yokota N, Hu Y, Fujita T, Inoue R, Hirano K. Potential of the TRPM7 channel as a novel therapeutic target for pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Smooth Muscle Res 2022; 58:50-62. [PMID: 35944979 PMCID: PMC9364263 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.58.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an intractable vascular disease characterized by
a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance caused by pulmonary vascular
remodeling, which ultimately leads to right-sided heart failure. PAH remains incurable,
despite the development of PAH-targeted therapeutics centered on pulmonary artery
relaxants. It is necessary to identify the target molecules that contribute to pulmonary
artery remodeling. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been suggested to
modulate pulmonary artery remodeling. Our study focused on the transient receptor
potential ion channel subfamily M, member 7, or the TRPM7 channel, which modulates
endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and smooth muscle proliferation in the pulmonary
artery. In this review, we summarize the role and expression profile of TRPM7 channels in
PAH progression and discuss TRPM7 channels as possible therapeutic targets. In addition,
we discuss the therapeutic effect of a Chinese herbal medicine, Ophiocordyceps
sinensis (OCS), on PAH progression, which partly involves TRPM7 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Hiraishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jounan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Lin Hai Kurahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishikawa
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Go
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Naoya Yokota
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yaopeng Hu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jounan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujita
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jounan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jounan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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11
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Development of vascular disease models to explore disease causation and pathomechanisms of rare vascular diseases. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:259-268. [PMID: 35233690 PMCID: PMC8887661 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00925-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As the field of medicine is striving forward heralded by a new era of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and integrated technologies such as bioprinting and biological material development, the utility of rare monogenetic vascular disease modeling in this landscape is starting to emerge. With their genetic simplicity and broader applicability, these patient-specific models are at the forefront of modern personalized medicine. As a collective, rare diseases are a significant burden on global healthcare systems, and rare vascular diseases make up a significant proportion of this. High costs are due to a lengthy diagnostic process, affecting all ages from infants to adults, as well as the severity and chronic nature of the disease. Their complex nature requires sophisticated disease models and integrated approaches involving multidisciplinary teams. Here, we review these emerging vascular disease models, how they contribute to our understanding of the pathomechanisms in rare vascular diseases and provide useful platforms for therapeutic discovery.
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12
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TRPV4-dependent signaling mechanisms in systemic and pulmonary vasculature. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2022; 89:1-41. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Manning EP, Ramachandra AB, Schupp JC, Cavinato C, Raredon MSB, Bärnthaler T, Cosme C, Singh I, Tellides G, Kaminski N, Humphrey JD. Mechanisms of Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Stiffening in Mice Revealed by a Functional Genetics Assay of Structural, Functional, and Transcriptomic Data. Front Physiol 2021; 12:726253. [PMID: 34594238 PMCID: PMC8478173 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.726253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia adversely affects the pulmonary circulation of mammals, including vasoconstriction leading to elevated pulmonary arterial pressures. The clinical importance of changes in the structure and function of the large, elastic pulmonary arteries is gaining increased attention, particularly regarding impact in multiple chronic cardiopulmonary conditions. We establish a multi-disciplinary workflow to understand better transcriptional, microstructural, and functional changes of the pulmonary artery in response to sustained hypoxia and how these changes inter-relate. We exposed adult male C57BL/6J mice to normoxic or hypoxic (FiO2 10%) conditions. Excised pulmonary arteries were profiled transcriptionally using single cell RNA sequencing, imaged with multiphoton microscopy to determine microstructural features under in vivo relevant multiaxial loading, and phenotyped biomechanically to quantify associated changes in material stiffness and vasoactive capacity. Pulmonary arteries of hypoxic mice exhibited an increased material stiffness that was likely due to collagen remodeling rather than excessive deposition (fibrosis), a change in smooth muscle cell phenotype reflected by decreased contractility and altered orientation aligning these cells in the same direction as the remodeled collagen fibers, endothelial proliferation likely representing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transitioning, and a network of cell-type specific transcriptomic changes that drove these changes. These many changes resulted in a system-level increase in pulmonary arterial pulse wave velocity, which may drive a positive feedback loop exacerbating all changes. These findings demonstrate the power of a multi-scale genetic-functional assay. They also highlight the need for systems-level analyses to determine which of the many changes are clinically significant and may be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward P Manning
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Abhay B Ramachandra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cristina Cavinato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Micha Sam Brickman Raredon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Thomas Bärnthaler
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Carlos Cosme
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - George Tellides
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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14
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Dong ML, Lan IS, Yang W, Rabinovitch M, Feinstein JA, Marsden AL. Computational simulation-derived hemodynamic and biomechanical properties of the pulmonary arterial tree early in the course of ventricular septal defects. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 20:2471-2489. [PMID: 34585299 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Untreated ventricular septal defects (VSDs) can lead to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) characterized by elevated pulmonary artery (PA) pressure and vascular remodeling, known as PAH associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD). Though previous studies have investigated hemodynamic effects on vascular mechanobiology in late-stage PAH, hemodynamics leading to PAH-CHD initiation have not been fully quantified. We hypothesize that abnormal hemodynamics from left-to-right shunting in early stage VSDs affects PA biomechanical properties leading to PAH initiation. To model PA hemodynamics in healthy, small, moderate, and large VSD conditions prior to the onset of vascular remodeling, computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed using a 3D finite element model of a healthy 1-year-old's proximal PAs and a body-surface-area-scaled 0D distal PA tree. VSD conditions were modeled with increased pulmonary blood flow to represent degrees of left-to-right shunting. In the proximal PAs, pressure, flow, strain, and wall shear stress (WSS) increased with increasing VSD size; oscillatory shear index decreased with increasing VSD size in the larger PA vessels. WSS was higher in smaller diameter vessels and increased with VSD size, with the large VSD condition exhibiting WSS >100 dyn/cm[Formula: see text], well above values typically used to study dysfunctional mechanotransduction pathways in PAH. This study is the first to estimate hemodynamic and biomechanical metrics in the entire pediatric PA tree with VSD severity at the stage leading to PAH initiation and has implications for future studies assessing effects of abnormal mechanical stimuli on endothelial cells and vascular wall mechanics that occur during PAH-CHD initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody L Dong
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ingrid S Lan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey A Feinstein
- Department of Pediatrics and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alison L Marsden
- Department of Pediatrics and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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15
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Barbeau S, Gilbert G, Cardouat G, Baudrimont I, Freund-Michel V, Guibert C, Marthan R, Vacher P, Quignard JF, Ducret T. Mechanosensitivity in Pulmonary Circulation: Pathophysiological Relevance of Stretch-Activated Channels in Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091389. [PMID: 34572602 PMCID: PMC8470538 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of cell types in pulmonary arteries (endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells) are continuously exposed to mechanical stimulations such as shear stress and pulsatile blood pressure, which are altered under conditions of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Most functions of such vascular cells (e.g., contraction, migration, proliferation, production of extracellular matrix proteins, etc.) depend on a key event, i.e., the increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) which results from an influx of extracellular Ca2+ and/or a release of intracellular stored Ca2+. Calcium entry from the extracellular space is a major step in the elevation of [Ca2+]i, involving a variety of plasmalemmal Ca2+ channels including the superfamily of stretch-activated channels (SAC). A common characteristic of SAC is that their gating depends on membrane stretch. In general, SAC are non-selective Ca2+-permeable cation channels, including proteins of the TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) and Piezo channel superfamily. As membrane mechano-transducers, SAC convert physical forces into biological signals and hence into a cell response. Consequently, SAC play a major role in pulmonary arterial calcium homeostasis and, thus, appear as potential novel drug targets for a better management of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Barbeau
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Guillaume Gilbert
- ORPHY, UFR Sciences et Techniques, University of Brest, EA 4324, F-29238 Brest, France;
| | - Guillaume Cardouat
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Isabelle Baudrimont
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Véronique Freund-Michel
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Christelle Guibert
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Roger Marthan
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Vacher
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-François Quignard
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Thomas Ducret
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Correspondence:
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16
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Hiraishi K, Kurahara LH, Feng J, Yamamura A, Cui Y, Yahiro E, Yokomise H, Go T, Ishikawa K, Yokota N, Fujiwara A, Onitsuka M, Abe K, Ohga S, Satoh T, Okada Y, Yue L, Inoue R, Hirano K. Substantial involvement of TRPM7 inhibition in the therapeutic effect of Ophiocordyceps sinensis on pulmonary hypertension. Transl Res 2021; 233:127-143. [PMID: 33691194 PMCID: PMC9225677 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ophiocordyceps sinensis (OCS), an entomopathogenic fungus, is known to exert antiproliferative and antitissue remodeling effects. Vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction play critical roles in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The therapeutic potential of OCS for PH was investigated using rodent PH models, and cultured pulmonary artery endothelial and smooth muscle cells (PAECs and PASMCs), with a focus on the involvement of TRPM7. OCS ameliorated the development of PH, right ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction in the monocrotaline-induced PH rats. The genetic knockout of TRPM7 attenuated the development of PH in mice with monocrotaline pyrrole-induced PH. TRPM7 was associated with medial hypertrophy and the plexiform lesions in rats and humans with PH. OCS suppressed proliferation of PASMCs derived from the PH patients. Ethanol extracts of OCS inhibited TRPM7-like current, TGF-β2-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition, IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, and PDGF-induced Akt phosphorylation in PAECs or PASMCs. These inhibitory effects were recapitulated by either siRNA-mediated TRPM7 knockdown or treatment with TRPM7 antagonist FTY-720. OCS and FTY-720 induced vasorelaxation in the isolated normal human pulmonary artery. As a result, the present study proposes the therapeutic potential of OCS for the treatment of PH. The inhibition of TRPM7 is suggested to underlie the therapeutic effect of OCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Hiraishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan; Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Lin Hai Kurahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan; Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Jianlin Feng
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Shanxi key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Eiji Yahiro
- Fukuoka University Medical Education Center, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Yokomise
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Go
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishikawa
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Naoya Yokota
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujiwara
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Miki Onitsuka
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoji Ohga
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyusyu University Professor Emeritus, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toru Satoh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Division of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Murayama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Katsuya Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
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17
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Daneva Z, Marziano C, Ottolini M, Chen YL, Baker TM, Kuppusamy M, Zhang A, Ta HQ, Reagan CE, Mihalek AD, Kasetti RB, Shen Y, Isakson BE, Minshall RD, Zode GS, Goncharova EA, Laubach VE, Sonkusare SK. Caveolar peroxynitrite formation impairs endothelial TRPV4 channels and elevates pulmonary arterial pressure in pulmonary hypertension. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2023130118. [PMID: 33879616 PMCID: PMC8092599 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023130118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have focused on the contribution of capillary endothelial TRPV4 channels to pulmonary pathologies, including lung edema and lung injury. However, in pulmonary hypertension (PH), small pulmonary arteries are the focus of the pathology, and endothelial TRPV4 channels in this crucial anatomy remain unexplored in PH. Here, we provide evidence that TRPV4 channels in endothelial cell caveolae maintain a low pulmonary arterial pressure under normal conditions. Moreover, the activity of caveolar TRPV4 channels is impaired in pulmonary arteries from mouse models of PH and PH patients. In PH, up-regulation of iNOS and NOX1 enzymes at endothelial cell caveolae results in the formation of the oxidant molecule peroxynitrite. Peroxynitrite, in turn, targets the structural protein caveolin-1 to reduce the activity of TRPV4 channels. These results suggest that endothelial caveolin-1-TRPV4 channel signaling lowers pulmonary arterial pressure, and impairment of endothelial caveolin-1-TRPV4 channel signaling contributes to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure in PH. Thus, inhibiting NOX1 or iNOS activity, or lowering endothelial peroxynitrite levels, may represent strategies for restoring vasodilation and pulmonary arterial pressure in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdravka Daneva
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Corina Marziano
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Matteo Ottolini
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Thomas M Baker
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Maniselvan Kuppusamy
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Aimee Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Huy Q Ta
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Claire E Reagan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Andrew D Mihalek
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Ramesh B Kasetti
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107
| | - Yuanjun Shen
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Gulab S Zode
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107
| | - Elena A Goncharova
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Victor E Laubach
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908;
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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18
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Ottolini M, Sonkusare SK. The Calcium Signaling Mechanisms in Arterial Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1831-1869. [PMID: 33792900 PMCID: PMC10388069 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The contractile state of resistance arteries and arterioles is a crucial determinant of blood pressure and blood flow. Physiological regulation of arterial contractility requires constant communication between endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Various Ca2+ signals and Ca2+ -sensitive targets ensure dynamic control of intercellular communications in the vascular wall. The functional effect of a Ca2+ signal on arterial contractility depends on the type of Ca2+ -sensitive target engaged by that signal. Recent studies using advanced imaging methods have identified the spatiotemporal signatures of individual Ca2+ signals that control arterial and arteriolar contractility. Broadly speaking, intracellular Ca2+ is increased by ion channels and transporters on the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticular membrane. Physiological roles for many vascular Ca2+ signals have already been confirmed, while further investigation is needed for other Ca2+ signals. This article focuses on endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signaling mechanisms in resistance arteries and arterioles. We discuss the Ca2+ entry pathways at the plasma membrane, Ca2+ release signals from the intracellular stores, the functional and physiological relevance of Ca2+ signals, and their regulatory mechanisms. Finally, we describe the contribution of abnormal endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signals to the pathogenesis of vascular disorders. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1831-1869, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ottolini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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19
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Liu J, Chen L, Huang J, Guo S, Zhu D, Gao P. Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 Promotes Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Phenotypic Transformation and Inflammatory Reaction Induced by Mechanical Stretching Stress via p38 MAPK/JNK Pathway. J Vasc Res 2021; 58:108-120. [PMID: 33494094 DOI: 10.1159/000512595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Remodeling of the arteries is one of the pathological bases of hypertension. We have previously shown that transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) aggravates the vascular adventitial remodeling caused by pressure overload in the transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model. In this study, we sought to explore the functional expression and downstream signaling of TRPM7 in vascular adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) stimulated by mechanical stretching stress (MSS). The expression of TRPM7 was upregulated with a concomitant translocation to the cytoplasm in the AFs stimulated with 20% MSS. Meanwhile, the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a marker of transformation from AFs to myofibroblasts (MFs) was also increased. Moreover, AF-conditioned medium caused a significant migration of macrophages after treatment with MSS and contained high levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Pharmacological and RNA interference approaches using the TRPM7 inhibitor 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) and specific anti-TRPM7 small interfering RNA (si-RNA-TRPM7) abrogated these changes significantly. Further exploration uncloaked that inhibition of TRPM7 reduced the phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase (p38MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the AFs stimulated with MSS. Furthermore, inhibition of the phosphorylation of p38MAPK or JNK could also alleviate the MSS-induced expression of α-SMA and secretion of inflammatory factors. These observations indicate that activated TRPM7 participates in the phenotypic transformation and inflammatory action of AFs in response to MSS through the p38MAPK/JNK pathway and suggest that TRPM7 may be a potential therapeutic target for vascular remodeling caused by hemodynamic changes in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Laijiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Zhejiang, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
| | - Dingliang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingjin Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Yamamura A, Nayeem MJ, Sato M. The Rho kinase 2 (ROCK2)-specific inhibitor KD025 ameliorates the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 534:795-801. [PMID: 33160621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fatal disease that is characterized by the irreversible remodeling of the pulmonary artery. Although several PAH drugs have been developed, additional drugs are needed. Rho kinases (ROCKs) are involved in the pathogenesis of PAH, and thus, their inhibitors may prevent the development of PAH. However, the therapeutic benefits of ROCK isoform-specific inhibitors for PAH remain largely unknown. The in vitro and in vivo effects of the ROCK2-specific inhibitor, KD025, were examined herein using pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients and monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertensive (PH) rats. The expression of ROCK1 was similar between normal- and IPAH-PASMCs, whereas that of ROCK2 was markedly higher in IPAH-PASMCs than in normal-PASMCs. KD025 inhibited the accelerated proliferation of IPAH-PASMCs in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 289 nM). Accelerated proliferation was also reduced by the siRNA knockdown of ROCK2. In MCT-PH rats, the expression of ROCK2 was up-regulated in PASMCs. Elevated right ventricular systolic pressure in MCT-PH rats was attenuated by KD025 (1 mg/kg/day). These results strongly suggest that enhanced ROCK2 signaling is involved in the pathogenic mechanism underlying the development of PAH, including accelerated PASMC proliferation and vascular remodeling in patients with PAH. Therefore, ROCK2 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
| | - Md Junayed Nayeem
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Motohiko Sato
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
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21
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TRPC and TRPV Channels' Role in Vascular Remodeling and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176125. [PMID: 32854408 PMCID: PMC7503586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potentials (TRPs) are non-selective cation channels that are widely expressed in vascular beds. They contribute to the Ca2+ influx evoked by a wide spectrum of chemical and physical stimuli, both in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Within the superfamily of TRP channels, different isoforms of TRPC (canonical) and TRPV (vanilloid) have emerged as important regulators of vascular tone and blood flow pressure. Additionally, several lines of evidence derived from animal models, and even from human subjects, highlighted the role of TRPC and TRPV in vascular remodeling and disease. Dysregulation in the function and/or expression of TRPC and TRPV isoforms likely regulates vascular smooth muscle cells switching from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. This process contributes to the development and progression of vascular disorders, such as systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and restenosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the implication of TRPC and TRPV in the physiological and pathological processes of some frequent vascular diseases.
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22
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Yamamura H, Suzuki Y, Yamamura A. [Pathophysiological roles of TRPC6 channels in pulmonary arterial hypertension]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2020; 155:230-235. [PMID: 32612035 DOI: 10.1254/fpj20001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and lethal disease of the pulmonary artery. The pathogenesis of PAH is mainly sustained vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling of the pulmonary artery. These pathogeneses cause progressive elevations in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure in PAH patients. Elevated pulmonary arterial pressure leads to right heart failure and finally death. The vascular remodeling is caused by the enhanced proliferation and reduced apoptosis of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Excitable abnormality in the pulmonary artery of PAH patients is mostly mediated by an elevated cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. PASMCs express several Ca2+-permeable channels including voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, store-operated Ca2+ (SOC) channels, and receptor-operated Ca2+ (ROC) channels. The activation and upregulation of these Ca2+ channels have been reported in PASMCs from PAH patients. Here, we analyzed pathophysiological functions of enhanced Ca2+ signaling mediated by SOC and ROC channels using PASMCs from idiopathic PAH patients and animal PAH models. Notch signal enhanced transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) "SOC" channels via direct (non-genomic and stimulatory) and indirect (genomic and upregulating) effects in PAH. On the other hand, the activation of Ca2+-sensing receptors evoked Ca2+ influx through TRPC6 "ROC" channels in PAH. In addition, TRPC6 channel blocker and TRPC6 gene deletion inhibited the development of PAH. Specifically, TRPC6 channels potentially form both ROC and SOC channels in PASMCs, which are involved in the pathophysiological events in PAH. Therefore, targeting TRPC6 channels in PASMCs may help develop novel therapeutic approach for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University
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23
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A Novel Mechanism of Sildenafil Improving the Excessive Proliferation and H2S Production in Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 74:355-363. [PMID: 31356554 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dysregulation of pulmonary arterial vasoactive mediators or excessive proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) might result in contraction or remodeling of pulmonary blood vessels, leading to related lung diseases. Recent studies suggest that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous vasodilator generated in the blood vessels by the enzymes cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), could induce the vasodilation, thus improving contraction or remodeling-induced lung diseases. In this study, we hypothesized that PASMCs could produce H2S and relax the pulmonary artery, and its mechanism is related to CSE, CBS, and TRPV4 channels by affecting both the excessive proliferation and pulmonary vasoconstriction in PASMCs. We found that the sildenafil treatment could remarkably promote H2S production and control the proliferation in PASMCs; meanwhile, the protein levels of CSE and CBS and the intracellular concentration of calcium could also be increased by sildenafil. Moreover, the effects of sildenafil could be reversed by a CBS inhibitor or a CSE inhibitor, indicating that sildenafil could affect CSE and CBS to modulate the production of H2S and the proliferation in rat PASMCs. Together, we demonstrated a new mechanism for sildenafil to modulate the synthesis of H2S and cell proliferation in PASMCs by affecting CSE and CBS. TRPV4-dependent Ca events and BMP4 may also be involved.
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24
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Song S, Babicheva A, Zhao T, Ayon RJ, Rodriguez M, Rahimi S, Balistrieri F, Harrington A, Shyy JYJ, Thistlethwaite PA, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Notch enhances Ca 2+ entry by activating calcium-sensing receptors and inhibiting voltage-gated K + channels. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C954-C968. [PMID: 32186932 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00487.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) and upregulation of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and stromal interaction molecule 2 (STIM2) along with inhibition of voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) have been implicated in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension; however, the precise upstream mechanisms remain elusive. Activation of CaSR, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), results in Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) and Ca2+ influx through receptor-operated and store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOC). Upon Ca2+ depletion from the SR, STIM forms clusters to mediate store-operated Ca2+ entry. Activity of KV channels, like KCNA5/KV1.5 and KCNA2/KV1.2, contributes to regulating membrane potential, and inhibition of KV channels results in membrane depolarization that increases [Ca2+]cyt by opening voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. In this study, we show that activation of Notch by its ligand Jag-1 promotes the clustering of STIM2, and clustered STIM2 subsequently enhances the CaSR-induced Ca2+ influx through SOC channels. Extracellular Ca2+-mediated activation of CaSR increases [Ca2+]cyt in CASR-transfected HEK293 cells. Treatment of CASR-transfected cells with Jag-1 further enhances CaSR-mediated increase in [Ca2+]cyt. Moreover, CaSR-mediated increase in [Ca2+]cyt was significantly augmented in cells co-transfected with CASR and STIM2. CaSR activation results in STIM2 clustering in CASR/STIM2-cotransfected cells. Notch activation also induces significant clustering of STIM2. Furthermore, activation of Notch attenuates whole cell K+ currents in KCNA5- and KCNA2-transfected cells. Together, these results suggest that Notch activation enhances CaSR-mediated increases in [Ca2+]cyt by enhancing store-operated Ca2+ entry and inhibits KCNA5/KV1.5 and KCNA2/KV1.2, ultimately leading to voltage-activated Ca2+ entry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shamin Rahimi
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Francesca Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Angela Harrington
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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25
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Ghali GZ, Ghali MGZ. Nafamostat mesylate attenuates the pathophysiologic sequelae of neurovascular ischemia. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:2217-2234. [PMID: 32594033 PMCID: PMC7749469 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.284981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nafamostat mesylate, an apparent soi-disant panacea of sorts, is widely used to anticoagulate patients undergoing hemodialysis or cardiopulmonary bypass, mitigate the inflammatory response in patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, and reverse the coagulopathy of patients experiencing the commonly preterminal disseminated intravascular coagulation in the Far East. The serine protease inhibitor nafamostat mesylate exhibits significant neuroprotective effects in the setting of neurovascular ischemia. Nafamostat mesylate generates neuroprotective effects by attenuating the enzymatic activity of serine proteases, neuroinflammatory signaling cascades, and the endoplasmic reticulum stress responses, downregulating excitotoxic transient receptor membrane channel subfamily 7 cationic currents, modulating the activity of intracellular signal transduction pathways, and supporting neuronal survival (brain-derived neurotrophic factor/TrkB/ERK1/2/CREB, nuclear factor kappa B. The effects collectively reduce neuronal necrosis and apoptosis and prevent ischemia mediated disruption of blood-brain barrier microarchitecture. Investigational clinical applications of these compounds may mitigate ischemic reperfusion injury in patients undergoing cardiac, hepatic, renal, or intestinal transplant, preventing allograft rejection, and treating solid organ malignancies. Neuroprotective effects mediated by nafamostat mesylate support the wise conduct of randomized prospective controlled trials in Western countries to evaluate the clinical utility of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Zaki Ghali
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Arlington, VA; Department of Toxicology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Michael George Zaki Ghali
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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26
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Wang L, Liu J, Zhong Y, Zhang M, Xiong J, Shen J, Tong Z, Xu Z. Medical Image-Based Hemodynamic Analyses in a Study of the Pulmonary Artery in Children With Pulmonary Hypertension Related to Congenital Heart Disease. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:521936. [PMID: 33344379 PMCID: PMC7738347 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.521936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Pulmonary hypertension related to congenital heart disease (PH-CHD) is a devastating disease caused by hemodynamic disorders. Previous hemodynamic research in PH-CHD mainly focused on wall shear stress (WSS). However, energy loss (EL) is a vital parameter in evaluation of hemodynamic status. We investigated if EL of the pulmonary artery (PA) is a potential biomechanical marker for comprehensive assessment of PH-CHD. Materials and Methods: Ten PH-CHD patients and 10 age-matched controls were enrolled. Subject-specific 3-D PA models were reconstructed based on computed tomography. Transient flow, WSS, and EL in the PA were calculated using non-invasive computational fluid dynamics. The relationship between body surface area (BSA)-normalized EL ( E . ) and PA morphology and PA flow were analyzed. Results: Morphologic analysis indicated that the BSA-normalized main PA (MPA) diameter (DMPAnorm), MPA/aorta diameter ratio (DMPA/DAO), and MPA/(left PA + right PA) [DMPA/D(LPA+RPA)] diameter ratio were significantly larger in PH-CHD patients. Hemodynamic results showed that the velocity of the PA branches was higher in PH-CHD patients, in whom PA flow rate usually increased. WSS in the MPA was lower and E . was higher in PH-CHD patients. E . was positively correlated with DMPAnorm, DMPA/DAO, and DMPA/D(LPA+RPA) ratios and the flow rate in the PA. E . was a sensitive index for the diagnosis of PH-CHD. Conclusion: E . is a potential biomechanical marker for PH-CHD assessment. This hemodynamic parameter may lead to new directions for revealing the potential pathophysiologic mechanism of PH-CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinlong Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Virtual Reality of Structural Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumin Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwen Xiong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juanya Shen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Virtual Reality of Structural Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Tong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Virtual Reality of Structural Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoming Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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27
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Huang L, Li L, Yang T, Li W, Song L, Meng X, Gu Q, Xiong C, He J. Transgelin as a potential target in the reversibility of pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to congenital heart disease. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:6249-6261. [PMID: 30338626 PMCID: PMC6237561 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reversibility of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in congenital heart disease (CHD) is of great importance for the operability of CHD. Proteomics analysis found that transgelin was significantly up-regulated in the lung tissue of CHD-PAH patients, especially in the irreversible group. However, how exactly it participated in CHD-PAH development is unknown. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were performed for further qualitative and quantitative analysis of transgelin in the lung tissues of CHD-PAH patients. The mechanism of transgelin in CHD-PAH development was explored in vitro. Primary human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) were cultured and infected with TAGLN siRNA or TAGLN lentiviral vector. Cell morphologic change (Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining), proliferation (cell count and EdU assay), apoptosis (terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay and Annexin-V flow cytometry) and migration (transwell) were evaluated following the cell treatment. The mRNA and protein expression levels were detected in real-time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS In line with the proteomic findings, transgelin was obviously expressed in PASMC of the middle pulmonary arterioles, especially in the irreversible PAH group. Also, transgelin expression showed positive relation with pathological grading. Experiment in vitro demonstrated that transgelin overexpression promoted PASMC proliferation and migration, strengthened cytoskeleton and was accompanied by increased expression of synthetic phenotype markers (osteopontin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen) and anti-apoptotic protein (bcl-2). On the other hand, suppression of transgelin expression activated PASMC apoptosis, reducing cell proliferation and migration. CONCLUSIONS Transgelin may be a potential target in the development of irreversible CHD-PAH through inducing PASMC phenotype change, proliferation, migration and reducing cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Li Li
- Department of PathologyState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Tao Yang
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Wen Li
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Li Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xianmin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Qing Gu
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Changming Xiong
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jianguo He
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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28
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Thenappan T, Chan SY, Weir EK. Role of extracellular matrix in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H1322-H1331. [PMID: 30141981 PMCID: PMC6297810 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00136.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the pulmonary arteries with increased collagen deposition, cross-linkage of collagen, and breakdown of elastic laminae. Extracellular matrix remodeling occurs due to an imbalance in the proteolytic enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinases, elastases, and lysyl oxidases, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, which, in turn, results from endothelial cell dysfunction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and inflammation. ECM remodeling and pulmonary vascular stiffness occur early in the disease process, before the onset of the increase in the intimal and medial thickness and pulmonary artery pressure, suggesting that the ECM is a cause rather than a consequence of distal pulmonary vascular remodeling. ECM remodeling and increased pulmonary arterial stiffness promote proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and adventitial fibroblasts) through mechanoactivation of various signaling pathways, including transcriptional cofactors YAP/TAZ, transforming growth factor-β, transient receptor potential channels, Toll-like receptor, and NF-κB. Inhibition of ECM remodeling and mechanotransduction prevents and reverses experimental pulmonary hypertension. These data support a central role for ECM remodeling in the pathogenesis of the PAH, making it an attractive novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thenappan Thenappan
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania
| | - E Kenneth Weir
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
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29
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Dieffenbach PB, Maracle M, Tschumperlin DJ, Fredenburgh LE. Mechanobiological Feedback in Pulmonary Vascular Disease. Front Physiol 2018; 9:951. [PMID: 30090065 PMCID: PMC6068271 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular stiffening in the pulmonary arterial bed is increasingly recognized as an early disease marker and contributor to right ventricular workload in pulmonary hypertension. Changes in pulmonary artery stiffness throughout the pulmonary vascular tree lead to physiologic alterations in pressure and flow characteristics that may contribute to disease progression. These findings have led to a greater focus on the potential contributions of extracellular matrix remodeling and mechanical signaling to pulmonary hypertension pathogenesis. Several recent studies have demonstrated that the cellular response to vascular stiffness includes upregulation of signaling pathways that precipitate further vascular remodeling, a process known as mechanobiological feedback. The extracellular matrix modifiers, mechanosensors, and mechanotransducers responsible for this process have become increasingly well-recognized. In this review, we discuss the impact of vascular stiffening on pulmonary hypertension morbidity and mortality, evidence in favor of mechanobiological feedback in pulmonary hypertension pathogenesis, and the major contributors to mechanical signaling in the pulmonary vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Dieffenbach
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marcy Maracle
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Laura E Fredenburgh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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30
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Singarayar CS, Siew Hui F, Cheong N, Swee En G. Right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension: a neglected presentation of thyrotoxicosis. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018; 2018:18-0012. [PMID: 29785271 PMCID: PMC5955009 DOI: 10.1530/edm-18-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyrotoxicosis is associated with cardiac dysfunction; more commonly, left ventricular dysfunction. However, in recent years, there have been more cases reported on right ventricular dysfunction, often associated with pulmonary hypertension in patients with thyrotoxicosis. Three cases of thyrotoxicosis associated with right ventricular dysfunction were presented. A total of 25 other cases of thyrotoxicosis associated with right ventricular dysfunction published from 1994 to 2017 were reviewed along with the present 3 cases. The mean age was 45 years. Most (82%) of the cases were newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis. There was a preponderance of female gender (71%) and Graves' disease (86%) as the underlying aetiology. Common presenting features included dyspnoea, fatigue and ankle oedema. Atrial fibrillation was reported in 50% of the cases. The echocardiography for almost all cases revealed dilated right atrial and or ventricular chambers with elevated pulmonary artery pressure. The abnormal echocardiographic parameters were resolved in most cases after rendering the patients euthyroid. Right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension are not well-recognized complications of thyrotoxicosis. They are life-threatening conditions that can be reversed with early recognition and treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Signs and symptoms of right ventricular dysfunction should be sought in all patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis, and prompt restoration of euthyroidism is warranted in affected patients before the development of overt right heart failure. LEARNING POINTS Thyrotoxicosis is associated with right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension apart from left ventricular dysfunction described in typical thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy.Symptoms and signs of right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension should be sought in all patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis.Thyrotoxicosis should be considered in all cases of right ventricular dysfunction or pulmonary hypertension not readily explained by other causes.Prompt restoration of euthyroidism is warranted in patients with thyrotoxicosis complicated by right ventricular dysfunction with or without pulmonary hypertension to allow timely resolution of the abnormal cardiac parameters before development of overt right heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Foo Siew Hui
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Selayang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nicholas Cheong
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Selayang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Goay Swee En
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Selayang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
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The function of TRP channels in neutrophil granulocytes. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1017-1033. [PMID: 29717355 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil granulocytes are exposed to widely varying microenvironmental conditions when pursuing their physiological or pathophysiological functions such as fighting invading bacteria or infiltrating cancer tissue. Examples for harsh environmental challenges include among others mechanical shear stress during the recruitment from the vasculature or the hypoxic and acidotic conditions within the tumor microenvironment. Chemokine gradients, reactive oxygen species, pressure, matrix elasticity, and temperature can be added to the list of potential challenges. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels serve as cellular sensors since they respond to many of the abovementioned environmental stimuli. The present review investigates the role of TRP channels in neutrophil granulocytes and their role in regulating and adapting neutrophil function to microenvironmental cues. Following a brief description of neutrophil functions, we provide an overview of the electrophysiological characterization of neutrophilic ion channels. We then summarize the function of individual TRP channels in neutrophil granulocytes with a focus on TRPC6 and TRPM2 channels. We close the review by discussing the impact of the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) on neutrophil granulocytes. Since neutrophil infiltration into PDAC tissue contributes to disease progression, we propose neutrophilic TRP channel blockade as a potential therapeutic option.
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Suresh K, Shimoda LA. Endothelial Cell Reactive Oxygen Species and Ca 2+ Signaling in Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 967:299-314. [PMID: 29047094 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) refers to a disorder characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, leading to right ventricular overload and eventually right ventricular failure, which results in high morbidity and mortality. PH is associated with heterogeneous etiologies and distinct molecular mechanisms, including abnormal migration and proliferation of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Although the exact details are not fully elucidated, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to play a key role in promoting abnormal function in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle and endothelial cells in PH. In endothelial cells, ROS can be generated from sources such as NADPH oxidase and mitochondria, which in turn can serve as signaling molecules in a wide variety of processes including posttranslational modification of proteins involved in Ca2+ homeostasis. In this chapter, we discuss the role of ROS in promoting abnormal vasoreactivity and endothelial migration and proliferation in various models of PH. Furthermore, we draw particular attention to the role of ROS-induced increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in the pathobiology of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Suresh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. .,Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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Faccia M, Porfidia A, Montalto M. Acute Right Ventricular Heart Failure: An Uncommon Case of Thyrotoxicosis. Am J Med Sci 2018; 356:309-312. [PMID: 30139580 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Right ventricular failure can be secondary to right ventricular ischemia, pulmonary or tricuspid valvular disease, myocardial shunts, cardiomyopathy, acute and chronic pulmonary hypertension, myocarditis and pericardial disease and it generally carries a poor prognosis. Thyrotoxicosis is a clinical state resulting from high thyroid hormone action in tissues generally due to high thyroid hormone levels. The association between severe hyperthyroidism and high-output heart failure is well-known. Less widespread is the concept that hyperthyroid patients, irrespective of coexisting diseases and through mechanisms not fully elucidated, are at higher risk for pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure, both reversible with the achievement of euthyroidism and associated with a good prognosis. We describe the case of a 44-year-old woman with right ventricular failure and moderate pulmonary hypertension in the setting of thyrotoxicosis, which resolved rapidly after antithyroid treatment. The potential mechanisms underlying this condition will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Faccia
- Department of Medicine, Foundation University Hospital A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Porfidia
- Department of Medicine, Foundation University Hospital A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Massimo Montalto
- Department of Medicine, Foundation University Hospital A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Song S, Carr SG, McDermott KM, Rodriguez M, Babicheva A, Balistrieri A, Ayon RJ, Wang J, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. STIM2 (Stromal Interaction Molecule 2)-Mediated Increase in Resting Cytosolic Free Ca 2+ Concentration Stimulates PASMC Proliferation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Hypertension 2018; 71:518-529. [PMID: 29358461 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) triggers pulmonary vasoconstriction and stimulates PASMC proliferation leading to vascular wall thickening. Here, we report that STIM2 (stromal interaction molecule 2), a Ca2+ sensor in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane, is required for raising the resting [Ca2+]cyt in PASMCs from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and activating signaling cascades that stimulate PASMC proliferation and inhibit PASMC apoptosis. Downregulation of STIM2 in PAH-PASMCs reduces the resting [Ca2+]cyt, whereas overexpression of STIM2 in normal PASMCs increases the resting [Ca2+]cyt The increased resting [Ca2+]cyt in PAH-PASMCs is associated with enhanced phosphorylation (p) of CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein), STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), and AKT, increased NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cell) nuclear translocation, and elevated level of Ki67 (a marker of cell proliferation). Furthermore, the STIM2-associated increase in the resting [Ca2+]cyt also upregulates the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in PAH-PASMCs. Downregulation of STIM2 in PAH-PASMCs with siRNA (1) decreases the level of pCREB, pSTAT3, and pAKT and inhibits NFAT nuclear translocation, thereby attenuating proliferation, and (2) decreases Bcl-2, which leads to an increase of apoptosis. In summary, these data indicate that upregulated STIM2 in PAH-PASMCs, by raising the resting [Ca2+]cyt, contributes to enhancing PASMC proliferation by activating the CREB, STAT3, AKT, and NFAT signaling pathways and stimulating PASMC proliferation. The STIM2-associated increase in the resting [Ca2+]cyt is also involved in upregulating Bcl-2 that makes PAH-PASMCs resistant to apoptosis, and thus plays an important role in sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling in patients with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Song
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Shane G Carr
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Kimberly M McDermott
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Jian Wang
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Ayako Makino
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson.
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Zhang Q, Cao Y, Luo Q, Wang P, Shi P, Song C, E M, Ren J, Fu B, Sun H. The transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 regulates hypoxia-mediated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12436. [PMID: 29359496 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTVES Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) is a member of the TRP channels family of Ca2+ -permeant cation channels. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of TRPV3 in pulmonary vascular remodeling and PASMCs proliferation under hypoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of TRPV3 was evaluated in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and hypoxic rats, using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, MTT assay, flow cytometry, Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to investigate the effects of TRPV3 on proliferation of PASMCs. RESULTS We found that, in vivo, the expression of TRPV3 was increased in patients with PAH and hypoxic rats. Right ventricular hypertrophy measurements and pulmonary pathomorphology data show that the ratio of the heart weight/tibia length (HW/TL), the right ventricle/left ventricle plus septum (RV/LV+S) and the medial width of the pulmonary artery were increased in chronic hypoxic rats. Moreover, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Cyclin D, Cyclin E and Cyclin A, phospho-CaMKII (p-CaMKII) were induced by hypoxia. In vitro, we revealed that hypoxia promoted PASMCs viability, increased the expression of PCNA, Cyclin D, Cyclin E, Cyclin A p-CaMKII, made more cells from G0 /G1 phase to G2 /M + S phase, enhanced the microtubule formation, and increased [Ca2+ ]i , which could be suppressed by Ruthenium Red, an inhibitor of TRPV3, and TRPV3 silencing has similar effects. Furthermore, the up-regulated expression of PCNA, Cyclin D, Cyclin E and Cyclin A, the increased number of cells in G2 /M and S phase, and the enhanced activation and expression of PI3K and AKT proteins induced by hypoxia and in presence of carvacrol (an agonist of TRPV3), was significantly attenuated by incubation of LY 294002, a specific inhibitor for PI3K/AKT. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that TRPV3 is involved in hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and promotes proliferation of PASMCs and the effect is, at least in part, mediated via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Pilong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Mingyao E
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Bowen Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
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The Role of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidases in Lung Architecture Remodeling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6040104. [PMID: 29257052 PMCID: PMC5745514 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung disorders, such as pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), are characterized by airway and/or vascular remodeling. Despite differences in the pathology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been highlighted as a critical contributor to the initiation and development of airway and vascular remodeling. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Nox) appear to play a pivotal role in lung signaling, leading to marked changes in pulmonary airway and vascular cell phenotypes, including proliferation, hypertrophy and apoptosis. In this review, we summarized the current literature regarding the role of Nox in the airway and vascular remodeling.
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Adding dimension to cellular mechanotransduction: Advances in biomedical engineering of multiaxial cell-stretch systems and their application to cardiovascular biomechanics and mechano-signaling. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Hu K, Sun H, Gui B, Sui C. TRPV4 functions in flow shear stress induced early osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:841-848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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White JPM, Cibelli M, Urban L, Nilius B, McGeown JG, Nagy I. TRPV4: Molecular Conductor of a Diverse Orchestra. Physiol Rev 2017; 96:911-73. [PMID: 27252279 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00016.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) is a calcium-permeable nonselective cation channel, originally described in 2000 by research teams led by Schultz (Nat Cell Biol 2: 695-702, 2000) and Liedtke (Cell 103: 525-535, 2000). TRPV4 is now recognized as being a polymodal ionotropic receptor that is activated by a disparate array of stimuli, ranging from hypotonicity to heat and acidic pH. Importantly, this ion channel is constitutively expressed and capable of spontaneous activity in the absence of agonist stimulation, which suggests that it serves important physiological functions, as does its widespread dissemination throughout the body and its capacity to interact with other proteins. Not surprisingly, therefore, it has emerged more recently that TRPV4 fulfills a great number of important physiological roles and that various disease states are attributable to the absence, or abnormal functioning, of this ion channel. Here, we review the known characteristics of this ion channel's structure, localization and function, including its activators, and examine its functional importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P M White
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Cibelli
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Laszlo Urban
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - J Graham McGeown
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Vianello E, Dozio E, Barassi A, Sammarco G, Tacchini L, Marrocco-Trischitta MM, Trimarchi S, Corsi Romanelli MM. A pilot observational study on magnesium and calcium imbalance in elderly patients with acute aortic dissection. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2017; 14:1. [PMID: 28070203 PMCID: PMC5217585 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-016-0083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) are the principal essential elements involved in endothelial cell homeostasis. Extracellular changes in the levels of either alter endothelial contraction and dilatation. Consequently Mg and Ca imbalance is associated with a high risk of endothelial dysfunction, the main process observed during acute aortic dissection (AAD); in this clinical condition, which mainly affects elderly men, smooth muscle cell alterations lead to intimal tears, creating a false new lumen in the media of the aorta. AAD patients have a high risk of mortality as a result of late diagnosis because often it is not distinguished from other cardiovascular diseases. We investigated Mg and Ca total circulating levels and the associated pro-inflammatory mediators in elderly AAD patients, to gain further information on the pathophysiology of this disorder, with a view to suggesting newer and earlier potential biomarkers of AAD. Results Total circulating Mg and Ca levels were both lower in AAD patients than controls (p < 0.0001). Using Ca as cut-off, 90% of AAD patients with low Ca (<8.4 mg/dL) came into the type A classification of AAD. Stratifying AAD according to this cut-off, Mg was lower in patients with lower total Ca. Compared to controls, both type A and B AAD patients had higher levels of all the pro-coagulant and pro-inflammatory mediators analyzed, including sP-sel, D-dimer, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP (p < 0.05). Dividing types A and B using the Stanford classification, no significant differences were found (p > 0.05) The levels of both ICAM-1 and EN-1 were lower in AAD than in a control group (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05 respectively). Conclusions These findings suggest that low Mg and Ca in AAD elderly patients may contribute to altering normal endothelial physiology and also concur in changing the normal concentrations of different mediators involved in vasodilatation and constriction, associated with AAD onset and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vianello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Chair of Clinical Pathology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - E Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Chair of Clinical Pathology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - A Barassi
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - G Sammarco
- Laboratory Medicine Operative Unit-1, Clinical Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - L Tacchini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Chair of Clinical Pathology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - M M Marrocco-Trischitta
- Thoracic Aortic Research Center, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - S Trimarchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Chair of Clinical Pathology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy ; Thoracic Aortic Research Center, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - M M Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Chair of Clinical Pathology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy ; Laboratory Medicine Operative Unit-1, Clinical Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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Song S, Ayon RJ, Yamamura A, Yamamura H, Dash S, Babicheva A, Tang H, Sun X, Cordery AG, Khalpey Z, Black SM, Desai AA, Rischard F, McDermott KM, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Capsaicin-induced Ca 2+ signaling is enhanced via upregulated TRPV1 channels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from patients with idiopathic PAH. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 312:L309-L325. [PMID: 27979859 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00357.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is an active component of chili pepper and a pain relief drug. Capsaicin can activate transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels to increase cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt). A rise in [Ca2+]cyt in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is an important stimulus for pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. In this study, we observed that a capsaicin-induced increase in [Ca2+]cyt was significantly enhanced in PASMCs from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) compared with normal PASMCs from healthy donors. In addition, the protein expression level of TRPV1 in IPAH PASMCs was greater than in normal PASMCs. Increasing the temperature from 23 to 43°C, or decreasing the extracellular pH value from 7.4 to 5.9 enhanced capsaicin-induced increases in [Ca2+]cyt; the acidity (pH 5.9)- and heat (43°C)-mediated enhancement of capsaicin-induced [Ca2+]cyt increases were greater in IPAH PASMCs than in normal PASMCs. Decreasing the extracellular osmotic pressure from 310 to 200 mOsmol/l also increased [Ca2+]cyt, and the hypo-osmolarity-induced rise in [Ca2+]cyt was greater in IPAH PASMCs than in healthy PASMCs. Inhibition of TRPV1 (with 5'-IRTX or capsazepine) or knockdown of TRPV1 (with short hairpin RNA) attenuated capsaicin-, acidity-, and osmotic stretch-mediated [Ca2+]cyt increases in IPAH PASMCs. Capsaicin induced phosphorylation of CREB by raising [Ca2+]cyt, and capsaicin-induced CREB phosphorylation were significantly enhanced in IPAH PASMCs compared with normal PASMCs. Pharmacological inhibition and knockdown of TRPV1 attenuated IPAH PASMC proliferation. Taken together, the capsaicin-mediated [Ca2+]cyt increase due to upregulated TRPV1 may be a critical pathogenic mechanism that contributes to augmented Ca2+ influx and excessive PASMC proliferation in patients with IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Song
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Kinjo Gakuin University School of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan; and
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Swetaleena Dash
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Haiyang Tang
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xutong Sun
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Arlette G Cordery
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zain Khalpey
- Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephen M Black
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Franz Rischard
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kimberly M McDermott
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona; .,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
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Scicchitano P, Dentamaro I, Tunzi F, Ricci G, Carbonara S, Devito F, Zito A, Ciampolillo A, Ciccone MM. Pulmonary hypertension in thyroid diseases. Endocrine 2016; 54:578-587. [PMID: 26994930 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0923-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The influence of thyroid hormones on cardiovascular system is well established. Thyroid diseases can effectively enhance the alteration on cardiovascular system by influencing chronotropic and inotropic actions of the heart; altering the strength and the speed of contraction, the speed of relaxation, the duration of the potential of action, and the duration of the refractory period and atrio-ventricular conduction time; modulating circulation and peripheral vascular beds. One of the more intriguing insights in the connection between thyroid diseases and cardiovascular alterations is related to the evaluation of the influence of thyroid hormones on pulmonary vascular beds. Literature reported several studies regarding the association between both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and the occurrence of increased vascular pulmonary arterial pressure. Nevertheless, the pathogenetic mechanisms able to explain such relationship are not fully understood. Many doubts still persist in the comprehension of the mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension in thyroid diseases. The aim of this review was to provide possible explanation about the possible interaction between pulmonary vascular beds and thyroid function in order to evaluate the possibility of novel perspectives in the general management of patients suffering from thyroid and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilaria Dentamaro
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Tunzi
- Cardiology Section, Hospital of Gallipoli, ASL LE, Gallipoli, Lecce, Italy
| | - Gabriella Ricci
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Santa Carbonara
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Fiorella Devito
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Annapaola Zito
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Ciampolillo
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Matteo Ciccone
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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de Souza MVL, de Fátima Dos Santos Teixeira P, Vaisman M, Xavier SS. Is CHA 2DS 2-VASc appropriate for hyperthyroid patients with atrial fibrillation? Implications of adding a transesophageal echocardiography evaluation. Int J Cardiol 2016; 228:919-925. [PMID: 27912200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticoagulation remains a controversial issue among hyperthyroid patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of the thrombogenic milieu (TM), detected using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), among patients with AF related to hyperthyroidism, and to correlate these findings with the clinical embolic risk classification (CHA2DS2-VASc). METHODS CHA2DS2-VASc score, thyroid hormonal status, time since hyperthyroidism diagnosis, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and TEE were assessed in 47 consecutive patients aged between 18 and 65years with AF related to hyperthyroidism. The following TEE parameters defined TM: dense spontaneous echo contrast, thrombi, or left atrial appendage (LAA) blood flow velocities <0.20m/s. Non-classic TM was defined as non-dense SEC plus LAA flow velocity 0.20-0.40m/s. RESULTS Pulmonary hypertension was present in 39/47 (81.4%) and TM in 22/47 (46.8%) patients. Despite a low CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0/1, 10 of 19 (52.6%) patients had a TM, whereas 16 of 28 (57.1%) patients with score ≥2 had none. The probability of having a TM did not correlate with CHA2DS2-VASc scores. On regression binary analysis, hyperthyroidism diagnosed more than 12months previous was independently associated with non-classic TM (p=0.031). CONCLUSION Among patients younger than 65years of age with AF related to hyperthyroidism, pulmonary hypertension and TM on TEE were highly prevalent. There was no association between CHA2DS2-VASc with TEE markers of TM. Thyroid status, especially longer duration of hyperthyroidism might influence thrombogenic abnormalities. TEE adds useful information that may change antithrombotic therapy if otherwise guided solely by clinical risk classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinicius Leitão de Souza
- Division of Endocrinology, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Mario Vaisman
- Division of Endocrinology, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio Salles Xavier
- Division of Cardiology, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abstract
The normal pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure, high-compliance system. Pulmonary arterial compliance decreases in the presence of pulmonary hypertension because of increased extracellular matrix/collagen deposition in the pulmonary arteries. Loss of pulmonary arterial compliance has been consistently shown to be a predictor of increased mortality in patients with pulmonary hypertension, even more so than pulmonary vascular resistance in some studies. Decreased pulmonary arterial compliance causes premature reflection of waves from the distal pulmonary vasculature, leading to increased pulsatile right ventricular afterload and eventually right ventricular failure. Evidence suggests that decreased pulmonary arterial compliance is a cause rather than a consequence of distal small vessel proliferative vasculopathy. Pulmonary arterial compliance decreases early in the disease process even when pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance are normal, potentially enabling early diagnosis of pulmonary vascular disease, especially in high-risk populations. With the recognition of the prognostic importance of pulmonary arterial compliance, its impact on right ventricular function, and its contributory role in the development and progression of distal small-vessel proliferative vasculopathy, pulmonary arterial compliance is an attractive target for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
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Zhang Y, Liao B, Li M, Cheng M, Fu Y, Liu Q, Chen Q, Liu H, Fang Y, Zhang G, Yu F. Shear stress regulates endothelial cell function through SRB1-eNOS signaling pathway. Cardiovasc Ther 2016; 34:308-13. [PMID: 27225585 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology; Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Bin Liao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Cardiothoracic Surgery; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research; Luzhou Medical College; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Miaoling Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research; Luzhou Medical College; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology; Ministry of Education of China; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Min Cheng
- Medicine Research Center; Weifang Medical University; Weifang Shandong China
| | - Yong Fu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Cardiothoracic Surgery; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology; Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology; Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Hongduan Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Cardiothoracic Surgery; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Yibing Fang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Cardiothoracic Surgery; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Gen Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Cardiothoracic Surgery; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
| | - Fengxu Yu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College; Cardiothoracic Surgery; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research; Luzhou Medical College; Luzhou Sichuan Province China
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46
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Tang H, Yamamura A, Yamamura H, Song S, Fraidenburg DR, Chen J, Gu Y, Pohl NM, Zhou T, Jiménez-Pérez L, Ayon RJ, Desai AA, Goltzman D, Rischard F, Khalpey Z, Black SM, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Pathogenic role of calcium-sensing receptors in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L846-59. [PMID: 26968768 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00050.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]cyt) in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) is a major trigger for pulmonary vasoconstriction and a critical stimulation for PASMC proliferation and migration. Previously, we demonstrated that expression and function of calcium sensing receptors (CaSR) in PASMC from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and animals with experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH) were greater than in PASMC from normal subjects and control animals. However, the mechanisms by which CaSR triggers Ca(2+) influx in PASMC and the implication of CaSR in the development of PH remain elusive. Here, we report that CaSR functionally interacts with TRPC6 to regulate [Ca(2+)]cyt in PASMC. Downregulation of CaSR or TRPC6 with siRNA inhibited Ca(2+)-induced [Ca(2+)]cyt increase in IPAH-PASMC (in which CaSR is upregulated), whereas overexpression of CaSR or TRPC6 enhanced Ca(2+)-induced [Ca(2+)]cyt increase in normal PASMC (in which CaSR expression level is low). The upregulated CaSR in IPAH-PASMC was also associated with enhanced Akt phosphorylation, whereas blockade of CaSR in IPAH-PASMC attenuated cell proliferation. In in vivo experiments, deletion of the CaSR gene in mice (casr(-/-)) significantly inhibited the development and progression of experimental PH and markedly attenuated acute hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. These data indicate that functional interaction of upregulated CaSR and upregulated TRPC6 in PASMC from IPAH patients and animals with experimental PH may play an important role in the development and progression of sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Blockade or downregulation of CaSR and/or TRPC6 with siRNA or miRNA may be a novel therapeutic strategy to develop new drugs for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Kinjo Gakuin University School of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan; and
| | - Shanshan Song
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Dustin R Fraidenburg
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jiwang Chen
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yali Gu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Nicole M Pohl
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine
| | | | - Ramon J Ayon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine
| | - David Goltzman
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Franz Rischard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Zain Khalpey
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephan M Black
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, and
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, and
| | - Jason X J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, and
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48
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Upregulation of canonical transient receptor potential channel in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle of a chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension rat model. Hypertens Res 2015; 38:821-8. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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49
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Parpaite T, Cardouat G, Mauroux M, Gillibert-Duplantier J, Robillard P, Quignard JF, Marthan R, Savineau JP, Ducret T. Effect of hypoxia on TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels in rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Pflugers Arch 2015; 468:111-130. [PMID: 25799977 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels of the vanilloid subfamily, mainly TRPV1 and TRPV4, are expressed in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and implicated in the remodeling of pulmonary artery, a landmark of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Among a variety of PH subtypes, PH of group 3 are mostly related to a prolonged hypoxia exposure occurring in a variety of chronic lung diseases. In the present study, we thus investigated the role of hypoxia on TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels independently of the increased pulmonary arterial pressure that occurs during PH. We isolated PASMC from normoxic rat and cultured these cells under in vitro hypoxia. Using microspectrofluorimetry and the patch-clamp technique, we showed that hypoxia (1 % O2 for 48 h) significantly increased stretch- and TRPV4-induced calcium responses. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunostaining experiments revealed that the expression of TRPV1 and TRPV4 was not enhanced under hypoxic conditions, but we observed a membrane translocation of TRPV1. Furthermore, hypoxia induced a reorganization of the F-actin cytoskeleton, the tubulin, and intermediate filament networks (immunostaining experiments), associated with an enhanced TRPV1- and TRPV4-induced migratory response (wound-healing assay). Finally, as assessed by immunostaining, exposure to in vitro hypoxia elicited a significant increase in NFATc4 nuclear localization. Cyclosporin A and BAPTA-AM inhibited NFATc4 translocation, indicating the activation of the Ca(2+)/calcineurin/NFAT pathway. In conclusion, these data point out the effect of hypoxia on TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels in rat PASMC, suggesting that these channels can act as direct signal transducers in the pathophysiology of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Parpaite
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Guillaume Cardouat
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marthe Mauroux
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jennifer Gillibert-Duplantier
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Paul Robillard
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-François Quignard
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Roger Marthan
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Savineau
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas Ducret
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France. .,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33000, Bordeaux, France. .,Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo-Saignat (case 13), F-33076, Bordeaux cedex, France.
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50
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Ding Z, Liu S, Wang X, Deng X, Fan Y, Sun C, Wang Y, Mehta JL. Hemodynamic shear stress via ROS modulates PCSK9 expression in human vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells and along the mouse aorta. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:760-71. [PMID: 25490141 PMCID: PMC4361218 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate a possible link between hemodynamic shear stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) expression. RESULTS Using a parallel-plate flow chamber, we observed that PCSK9 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) reached maximal value at low shear stress (3-6 dynes/cm(2)), and then began to decline with an increase in shear stress. PCSK9 expression increased when cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide. PCSK9 expression was always greater in SMCs than in ECs. ROS generation followed the same pattern as PCSK9 expression. Aortic branching and aorta-iliac bifurcation regions of mouse aorta that express low shear stress were also found to have greater PCSK9 expression (vs. other regions). To determine a relationship between ROS and PCSK9 expression, ECs and SMCs were treated with ROS inhibitors diphenylene-iodonium chloride and apocynin, and both markedly reduced PCSK9 expression. Relationship between PCSK9 and ROS was further studied in p47(phox) and gp91(phox) knockout mice; both mice strains revealed low PCSK9 levels in serum and mRNA levels in aorta-iliac bifurcation regions (vs. wild-type mice). Other studies showed that ROS and NF-κB activation plays a bridging role in PCSK9 expression via lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1). INNOVATION Low shear stress induces PCSK9 expression, which is mediated by NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that low shear stress enhances PCSK9 expression in concert with ROS generation in vascular ECs and SMCs. ROS seem to regulate PCSK9 expression. We propose that PCSK9-ROS interaction may be important in the development of atherosclerosis in arterial channels with low shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zufeng Ding
- 1 Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and the Departments of Medicine, and Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock, Arkansas
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