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Ayaz A, Jalal A, Zhang X, Khan KA, Hu C, Li Y, Hou X. In-Depth Characterization of bZIP Genes in the Context of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress in Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1160. [PMID: 38674568 PMCID: PMC11053814 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the genomic characterization of bZIP genes and their involvement in the cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. These studies have provided valuable insights into the coordinated cellular response to ER stress, which is mediated by bZIP transcription factors (TFs). However, a comprehensive and systematic investigations regarding the role of bZIP genes and their involvement in ER stress response in pak choi is currently lacking in the existing literature. To address this knowledge gap, the current study was initiated to elucidate the genomic characteristics of bZIP genes, gain insight into their expression patterns during ER stress in pak choi, and investigate the protein-to-protein interaction of bZIP genes with the ER chaperone BiP. In total, 112 members of the BcbZIP genes were identified through a comprehensive genome-wide analysis. Based on an analysis of sequence similarity, gene structure, conserved domains, and responsive motifs, the identified BcbZIP genes were categorized into 10 distinct subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis. Chromosomal location and duplication events provided insight into their genomic context and evolutionary history. Divergence analysis estimated their evolutionary history with a predicted divergence time ranging from 0.73 to 80.71 million years ago (MYA). Promoter regions of the BcbZIP genes were discovered to exhibit a wide variety of cis-elements, including light, hormone, and stress-responsive elements. GO enrichment analysis further confirmed their roles in the ER unfolded protein response (UPR), while co-expression network analysis showed a strong relationship of BcbZIP genes with ER-stress-responsive genes. Moreover, gene expression profiles and protein-protein interaction with ER chaperone BiP further confirmed their roles and capacity to respond to ER stress in pak choi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Ayaz
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Abdul Jalal
- Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Applied College, Center of Bee Research and Its Products (CBRP), Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, and Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chunmei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Peng H, Zhou Q, Liu J, Wang Y, Mu K, Zhang L. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: a vital process and potential therapeutic target in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1761-1772. [PMID: 37695356 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a chronic and progressive disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and progressive airflow obstruction, has attracted extensive attention due to its high morbidity and mortality. Although the understanding of the pathogenesis of COPD has gradually increased because of increasing evidence, many questions regarding the mechanisms involved in COPD progression and its deleterious effects remain unanswered. Recent advances have shown the potential functions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in causing airway inflammation, emphasizing the vital role of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways in the development of COPD. METHODS A comprehensive search of major databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted to retrieve original research articles and reviews related to ER stress, UPR, and COPD. RESULTS The common causes of COPD, namely cigarette smoke (CS) and air pollutants, induce ER stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). UPR promotes mucus secretion and further plays a dual role in the cell apoptosis-autophagy axis in the development of COPD. Existing drug research has indicated the potential of UPR as a therapeutic target for COPD. CONCLUSIONS ER stress and UPR activation play significant roles in the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of COPD and discuss whether related genes can be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ketao Mu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Vidal CM, Ouyang C, Qi Y, Mendez-Dorantes C, Coblentz A, Alva-Ornelas JA, Stark JM, Seewaldt VL, Ann DK. Arginine regulates HSPA5/BiP translation through ribosome pausing in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:444-454. [PMID: 37386138 PMCID: PMC10403569 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with a high mortality rate due to a lack of therapeutic targets. Many TNBC cells are reliant on extracellular arginine for survival and express high levels of binding immunoglobin protein (BiP), a marker of metastasis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. METHODS In this study, the effect of arginine shortage on BiP expression in the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 was evaluated. Two stable cell lines were generated in MDA-MB-231 cells: the first expressed wild-type BiP, and the second expressed a mutated BiP free of the two arginine pause-site codons, CCU and CGU, termed G-BiP. RESULTS The results showed that arginine shortage induced a non-canonical ER stress response by inhibiting BiP translation via ribosome pausing. Overexpression of G-BiP in MDA-MB-231 cells promoted cell resistance to arginine shortage compared to cells overexpressing wild-type BiP. Additionally, limiting arginine led to decreased levels of the spliced XBP1 in the G-BiP overexpressing cells, potentially contributing to their improved survival compared to the parental WT BiP overexpressing cells. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these findings suggest that the downregulation of BiP disrupts proteostasis during arginine shortage-induced non-canonical ER stress and plays a key role in cell growth inhibition, indicating BiP as a target of codon-specific ribosome pausing upon arginine shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Vidal
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ching Ouyang
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Carlos Mendez-Dorantes
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Alaysia Coblentz
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jackelyn A Alva-Ornelas
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jeremy M Stark
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Victoria L Seewaldt
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - David K Ann
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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Maccari R, Ottanà R. Can Allostery Be a Key Strategy for Targeting PTP1B in Drug Discovery? A Lesson from Trodusquemine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119621. [PMID: 37298571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is an enzyme crucially implicated in aberrations of various signaling pathways that underlie the development of different human pathologies, such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Its inhibition can prevent these pathogenetic events, thus providing a useful tool for the discovery of novel therapeutic agents. The search for allosteric PTP1B inhibitors can represent a successful strategy to identify drug-like candidates by offering the opportunity to overcome some issues related to catalytic site-directed inhibitors, which have so far hampered the development of drugs targeting this enzyme. In this context, trodusquemine (MSI-1436), a natural aminosterol that acts as a non-competitive PTP1B inhibitor, appears to be a milestone. Initially discovered as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, trodusquemine exhibited a variety of unexpected properties, ranging from antidiabetic and anti-obesity activities to effects useful to counteract cancer and neurodegeneration, which prompted its evaluation in several preclinical and clinical studies. In this review article, we provide an overview of the main findings regarding the activities and therapeutic potential of trodusquemine and their correlation with PTP1B inhibition. We also included some aminosterol analogues and related structure-activity relationships that could be useful for further studies aimed at the discovery of new allosteric PTP1B inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Maccari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Ottanà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Dyskerin Downregulation Can Induce ER Stress and Promote Autophagy via AKT-mTOR Signaling Deregulation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051092. [PMID: 35625829 PMCID: PMC9138296 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyskerin is an evolutionarily conserved nucleolar protein implicated in a wide range of fundamental biological roles, including telomere maintenance and ribosome biogenesis. Germline mutations of DKC1, the human gene encoding dyskerin, cause the hereditary disorders known as X-linked dyskeratosis congenita (X-DC). Moreover, dyskerin is upregulated in several cancers. Due to the pleiotropic functions of dyskerin, the X-DC clinical features overlap with those of both telomeropathies and ribosomopathies. In this paper, we evaluate the telomerase-independent effects of dyskerin depletion on cellular physiology by using inducible DCK1 knockdown. This system allows the downregulation of DKC1 expression within a short timeframe. We report that, in these cellular systems, dyskerin depletion induces the accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, which in turn induces the activation of the PERK branch of the unfolded protein response. We also demonstrate that the PERK-eIF2a-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway, activated by dyskerin downregulation, triggers a functional autophagic flux through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. By revealing a novel unpredicted connection between the loss of dyskerin, autophagy and UPR, our results establish a firm link between the lowering of dyskerin levels and the activation of the ER stress response, that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of several diseases.
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iRhom pseudoproteases regulate ER stress-induced cell death through IP 3 receptors and BCL-2. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1257. [PMID: 35273168 PMCID: PMC8913617 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28930-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The folding capacity of membrane and secretory proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can be challenged by physiological and pathological perturbations, causing ER stress. If unresolved, this leads to cell death. We report a role for iRhom pseudoproteases in controlling apoptosis due to persistent ER stress. Loss of iRhoms causes cells to be resistant to ER stress-induced apoptosis. iRhom1 and iRhom2 interact with IP3 receptors, critical mediators of intracellular Ca2+ signalling, and regulate ER stress-induced transport of Ca2+ into mitochondria, a primary trigger of mitochondrial membrane depolarisation and cell death. iRhoms also bind to the anti-apoptotic regulator BCL-2, attenuating the inhibitory interaction between BCL-2 and IP3 receptors, which promotes ER Ca2+ release. The discovery of the participation of iRhoms in the control of ER stress-induced cell death further extends their potential pathological significance to include diseases dependent on protein misfolding and aggregation. Cells that cannot cope with persistent endoplasmic reticulum stress will die. Here, the authors show that iRhom pseudoproteases regulate cell death by modulating the ability of BCL-2 to inhibit calcium flow through IP3R channels.
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Martinez-Banaclocha M. N-Acetyl-Cysteine: Modulating the Cysteine Redox Proteome in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020416. [PMID: 35204298 PMCID: PMC8869501 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last twenty years, significant progress in understanding the pathophysiology of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases has been made. However, the prevention and treatment of these diseases remain without clinically significant therapeutic advancement. While we still hope for some potential genetic therapeutic approaches, the current reality is far from substantial progress. With this state of the issue, emphasis should be placed on early diagnosis and prompt intervention in patients with increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases to slow down their progression, poor prognosis, and decreasing quality of life. Accordingly, it is urgent to implement interventions addressing the psychosocial and biochemical disturbances we know are central in managing the evolution of these disorders. Genomic and proteomic studies have shown the high molecular intricacy in neurodegenerative diseases, involving a broad spectrum of cellular pathways underlying disease progression. Recent investigations indicate that the dysregulation of the sensitive-cysteine proteome may be a concurrent pathogenic mechanism contributing to the pathophysiology of major neurodegenerative diseases, opening new therapeutic opportunities. Considering the incidence and prevalence of these disorders and their already significant burden in Western societies, they will become a real pandemic in the following decades. Therefore, we propose large-scale investigations, in selected groups of people over 40 years of age with decreased blood glutathione levels, comorbidities, and/or mild cognitive impairment, to evaluate supplementation of the diet with low doses of N-acetyl-cysteine, a promising and well-tolerated therapeutic agent suitable for long-term use.
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Huang X, Chen L, Lin Y, Tou KIP, Cai H, Jin H, Lin W, Zhang J, Cai J, Zhou H, Pi J. Tumor targeting and penetrating biomimetic mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles facilitate photothermal killing and autophagy blocking for synergistic tumor ablation. Acta Biomater 2021; 136:456-472. [PMID: 34562660 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The synergistic manipulation of autophagy blocking with tumor targeting and penetration effects to enhance cancer cell killing during photothermal therapy (PTT) remains a substantial challenge. Herein, we fabricated a biomimetic nanoplatform by precisely coating homologous prostate cancer cell membranes (CMs) onto the surface of mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (mPDA NPs) encapsulating the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) for synergistically manipulating PTT and autophagy for anticancer treatment. The resulting biomimetic mPDA@CMs NPs-CQ system could escape macrophage phagocytosis, overcome the vascular barrier, and home in the homologous prostate tumor xenograft with high tumor targeting and penetrating efficiency. The mPDA NPs core endowed the mPDA@CMs NPs-CQ with good photothermal capability to mediate PTT killing of prostate cancer cells, while NIR-triggered CQ release from the nanosystem further arrested PTT-induced protective autophagy of cancer cells, thus weakening the resistance of prostate cancer cells to PTT. This combined PTT killing and autophagy blocking anticancer strategy could induce significant autophagosome accumulation, ROS generation, mitochondrial damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptotic signal transduction, which finally results in synergistic prostate tumor ablation in vivo. This prostate cancer biomimetic nanosystem with synergistically enhanced anticancer efficiency achieved by manipulating PTT killing and autophagy blocking is expected to serve as a more effective anticancer strategy against prostate cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Autophagy is considered as one of the most efficient rescuer and reinforcement mechanisms of cancer cells against photothermal therapy (PTT)-induced cancer cell eradication. How to synergistically manipulate autophagy blocking with significant tumor targeting and penetration to enhance PTT-mediated cancer cell killing remains a substantial challenge. Herein, we fabricated a biomimetic nanoplatform by precisely coating homologous cancer cell membranes onto the surface of mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles with encapsulation of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine for synergistic antitumor treatment with high tumor targeting and penetrating efficiency both in vitro and in vivo. This biomimetic nanosystem with synergistically enhanced anticancer efficiency by manipulating PTT killing and autophagy blocking is expected to serve as a more effective anticancer strategy.
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Przygrodzka E, Plewes MR, Davis JS. Luteinizing Hormone Regulation of Inter-Organelle Communication and Fate of the Corpus Luteum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9972. [PMID: 34576135 PMCID: PMC8470545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum is an endocrine gland that synthesizes the steroid hormone progesterone. luteinizing hormone (LH) is a key luteotropic hormone that stimulates ovulation, luteal development, progesterone biosynthesis, and maintenance of the corpus luteum. Luteotropic and luteolytic factors precisely regulate luteal structure and function; yet, despite recent scientific progress within the past few years, the exact mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the present review, we summarize the recent progress towards understanding cellular changes induced by LH in steroidogenic luteal cells. Herein, we will focus on the effects of LH on inter-organelle communication and steroid biosynthesis, and how LH regulates key protein kinases (i.e., AMPK and MTOR) responsible for controlling steroidogenesis and autophagy in luteal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Przygrodzka
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (E.P.); (M.R.P.)
| | - Michele R. Plewes
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (E.P.); (M.R.P.)
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - John S. Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (E.P.); (M.R.P.)
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
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Singh R, Kaur N, Dhingra N, Kaur T. Protein misfolding, ER Stress and Chaperones: An approach to develop chaperone-based therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Neurosci 2021:1-21. [PMID: 34402740 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1968859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder with complex etiology that eventually leads to dementia. The main culprit of AD is the extracellular deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. The protein conformational change and protein misfolding are the key events of AD pathophysiology, therefore endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an apparent consequence. ER, stress-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) mediators (viz. PERK, IRE1, and ATF6) have been reported widely in the AD brain. Considering these factors, preventing proteins misfolding or aggregation of tau or amyloidogenic proteins appears to be the best approach to halt its pathogenesis. Therefore, therapies through chemical and pharmacological chaperones came to light as an alternative for the treatment of AD. Diverse studies have demonstrated 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) as a potential therapeutic agent in AD. The current review outlined the mechanism of protein misfolding, different etiological features behind the progression of AD, the significance of ER stress in AD, and the potential therapeutic role of different chaperones to counter AD. The study also highlights the gaps in current knowledge of the chaperones-based therapeutic approach and the possibility of developing chaperones as a potential therapeutic agent for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimaljot Singh
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelima Dhingra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
| | - Tanzeer Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
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Targeting the 'garbage-bin' to fight cancer: HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 has an anti-tumor effect on osteosarcoma and synergistically interacts with 5-FU. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:229416. [PMID: 34323266 PMCID: PMC8350430 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An imbalance between protein aggregation and protein degradation may induce 'stress' in the functionality of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). There are quality control (QC) mechanisms to minimize misfolding and to eliminate misfolded proteins before aggregation becomes lethal for the cell. Proper protein folding and maturation is one of the crucial functions of the ER. Chaperones of the ER and folding enzymes guarantee correct conformational maturation of emerging secretory proteins. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 (HDAC6) is a masterpiece coordinating the cell response to protein aggregate formation. The balance between HDAC6 and its partner Valosin-containing protein/p97 determines the fate of polyubiquitinated misfolded proteins. WT161 is a terrific, selective, and bioavailable HDAC6 inhibitor. WT161 selectively inhibits HDAC6 and adequately increases levels of acetylated α-tubulin. This compound induces accumulation of acetylated tubulin and cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. In this journal, Sun et al. (Biosci. Rep.41, DOI: 10.1042/BSR20203905) identified that WT161 suppresses the cell growth of osteosarcoma cells. This discovery opens the door to future chemotherapeutic regimens of this bone neoplasm.
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Mustapha S, Mohammed M, Azemi AK, Jatau AI, Shehu A, Mustapha L, Aliyu IM, Danraka RN, Amin A, Bala AA, Ahmad WANW, Rasool AHG, Mustafa MR, Mokhtar SS. Current Status of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Type II Diabetes. Molecules 2021; 26:4362. [PMID: 34299638 PMCID: PMC8307902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a multifunctional role in lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage, protein folding, and processing. Thus, maintaining ER homeostasis is essential for cellular functions. Several pathophysiological conditions and pharmacological agents are known to disrupt ER homeostasis, thereby, causing ER stress. The cells react to ER stress by initiating an adaptive signaling process called the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, the ER initiates death signaling pathways when ER stress persists. ER stress is linked to several diseases, such as cancer, obesity, and diabetes. Thus, its regulation can provide possible therapeutic targets for these. Current evidence suggests that chronic hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia linked to type II diabetes disrupt ER homeostasis, thereby, resulting in irreversible UPR activation and cell death. Despite progress in understanding the pathophysiology of the UPR and ER stress, to date, the mechanisms of ER stress in relation to type II diabetes remain unclear. This review provides up-to-date information regarding the UPR, ER stress mechanisms, insulin dysfunction, oxidative stress, and the therapeutic potential of targeting specific ER stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagir Mustapha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Mustapha Mohammed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad Khusairi Azemi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abubakar Ibrahim Jatau
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia
| | - Aishatu Shehu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Lukman Mustapha
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Kaduna State University, Kaduna 800241, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Muazzamu Aliyu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Rabi'u Nuhu Danraka
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Abdulbasit Amin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240103, Kwara, Nigeria
- Membrane Traffic Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, 2784-156 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Auwal Adam Bala
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Dutse 720281, Jigawa, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano 700241, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad
- Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rais Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Siti Safiah Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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13
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Huang X, Cai H, Zhou H, Li T, Jin H, Evans CE, Cai J, Pi J. Cobalt oxide nanoparticle-synergized protein degradation and phototherapy for enhanced anticancer therapeutics. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:605-620. [PMID: 33259958 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
How to enable protein degradation pathways including the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to enhance the efficacy of anticancer treatments remains a substantial challenge. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs) have attracted interest in recent years for their potential use as a synergistic anticancer treatment, although their therapeutic mechanisms of action are still poorly understood. Here, we describe the synergistic use of Co3O4 NPs as an autophagy inhibitor, chemosensitizer and photosensitizer, which manipulate protein degradation pathways (ALP and UPS) and photothermal therapy for enhanced anticancer treatments both in vitro and in vivo. We show that Co3O4 NPs can induce autolysosome accumulation and lysosomal functions damage by inhibiting lysosomal proteolytic activity and reducing intracellular ATP levels. Notably, Co3O4 NPs can be combined with the proteasome inhibitor, Carfilzomib (Cfz), to promote the accumulation of autophagic substrates, protein ubiquitination, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and in doing so, inhibit cancer progression. By taking advantage of their photothermal conversion efficiency, Co3O4 NPs can also serve as photothermal sensitizer, which synergistically enhances the anticancer efficacy of Cfz both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, we provide evidence of a nanomaterial-synergized, photothermal anticancer strategy that synergistically targets cancer cell survival pathways and may eventually serve to enhance the anticancer efficacy of established cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 000583, China
| | - Huaihong Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 000583, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, the Scientific Research Center of Dongguan, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Colin E Evans
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jiye Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 000583, China; Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jiang Pi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Primate Biomedical Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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14
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Zielke S, Kardo S, Zein L, Mari M, Covarrubias-Pinto A, Kinzler MN, Meyer N, Stolz A, Fulda S, Reggiori F, Kögel D, van Wijk S. ATF4 links ER stress with reticulophagy in glioblastoma cells. Autophagy 2020; 17:2432-2448. [PMID: 33111629 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1827780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER; reticulophagy) is a type of autophagy involved in the removal of ER fragments. So far, amino acid starvation as well as ER stress have been described as inducers of reticulophagy, which in turn restores cellular energy levels and ER homeostasis. Here, we explored the autophagy-inducing mechanisms that underlie the autophagic cell death (ACD)-triggering compound loperamide (LOP) in glioblastoma cells. Interestingly, LOP triggers upregulation of the transcription factor ATF4, which is accompanied by the induction of additional ER stress markers. Notably, knockout of ATF4 significantly attenuated LOP-induced autophagy and ACD. Functionally, LOP also specifically induces the engulfment of large ER fragments within autophagosomes and lysosomes as determined by electron and fluorescence microscopy. LOP-induced reticulophagy and cell death are predominantly mediated through the reticulophagy receptor RETREG1/FAM134B and, to a lesser extent, TEX264, confirming that reticulophagy receptors can promote ACD. Strikingly, apart from triggering LOP-induced autophagy and ACD, ATF4 is also required for LOP-induced reticulophagy. These observations highlight a key role for ATF4, RETREG1 and TEX264 in response to LOP-induced ER stress, reticulophagy and ACD, and establish a novel mechanistic link between ER stress and reticulophagy, with possible implications for additional models of drug-induced ER stress.Abbreviations: ACD: autophagic cell death; ATF6: activating transcription factor 6; ATL3: atlastin 3; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; CCPG1: cell cycle progression gene 1; co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; DDIT3/CHOP: DNA damage inducible transcript 3; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; EIF2A/eIF2α: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A; EIF2AK3/PERK: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3; ERN1/IRE1α: endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1; GABARAP: GABA type A receptor-associated protein; GBM: glioblastoma multiforme; HSPA5/BiP: heat shock protein family (Hsp70) member 5; LOP: loperamide; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; RETREG1/FAM134B: reticulophagy regulator 1; RTN3L: reticulon 3 long; SEC62: SEC62 homolog, protein translocation factor; TEX264: testis-expressed 264, reticulophagy receptor; UPR: unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Zielke
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simon Kardo
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Laura Zein
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Muriel Mari
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriana Covarrubias-Pinto
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe-University - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maximilian N Kinzler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina Meyer
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Stolz
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe-University - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Donat Kögel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany.,Experimental Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sjoerd van Wijk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
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15
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Yan Y, Wu X, Wang P, Zhang S, Sun L, Zhao Y, Zeng G, Liu B, Xu G, Liu H, Wang L, Wang X, Jiang C. Homocysteine promotes hepatic steatosis by activating the adipocyte lipolysis in a HIF1α-ERO1α-dependent oxidative stress manner. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101742. [PMID: 33045621 PMCID: PMC7559542 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is related to liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). Although the precise pathogenesis of NAFL is still largely unknown, the links between organs seem to play a vital role. The current study aimed to explore the role of white adipose tissue in homocysteine (Hcy)-induced NAFL. Blood samples from nonhyperhomocysteinemia or hyperhomocysteinemia individuals were collected to assess correlation between Hcy and triglyceride (TG) or free fatty acids (FFAs) levels. C57BL/6 mice were maintained on a high-methionine diet or administered with Hcy (1.8 g/L) in the drinking water to establish an HHcy mouse model. We demonstrated that Hcy activated adipocyte lipolysis and that this change was accompanied by an increased release of FFAs and glycerol. Excessive FFAs were taken up by hepatocyte, which resulted in lipid accumulation in the liver. Treatment with acipimox (0.08 g kg −1 day −1), a potent chemical inhibitor of lipolysis, markedly decreased Hcy-induced NAFL. Mechanistically, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α)-endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1α (ERO1α) mediated pathway promoted H2O2 accumulation and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) overoxidation, ER stress and more closed ER-lipid droplet interactions, which were responsible for activating the lipolytic response. In conclusion, this study reveals that Hcy activates adipocyte lipolysis and suggests the potential utility of targeted ER redox homeostasis for treating Hcy-induced NAFL. Hcy elevates adipocyte lipolysis process. Inhibition of adipocyte lipolysis via acipimox improves the Hcy-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver. Adipocyte lipolytic response relies on ERO1α-mediated oxidative stress. Activation of adipocyte HIF1α mediates ERO1α upregulation. Deficiency of adipocyte HIF1α alleviates the Hcy-induced lipolytic response and nonalcoholic fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Xun Wu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Songyang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - GuangYi Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Guoheng Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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16
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Emanuelli G, Nassehzadeh-Tabriz N, Morrell NW, Marciniak SJ. The integrated stress response in pulmonary disease. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/157/200184. [PMID: 33004527 PMCID: PMC7116220 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0184-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The respiratory tract and its resident immune cells face daily exposure
to stress, both from without and from within. Inhaled pathogens, including
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and toxins from pollution
trigger a cellular defence system that reduces protein synthesis to minimise
viral replication or the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Simultaneously, a
gene expression programme enhances antioxidant and protein folding machineries
in the lung. Four kinases (PERK, PKR, GCN2 and HRI) sense a diverse range of
stresses to trigger this “integrated stress response”. Here we review recent
advances identifying the integrated stress response as a critical pathway in the
pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases, including pneumonias, thoracic malignancy,
pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension. Understanding the integrated
stress response provides novel targets for the development of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Emanuelli
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Equal first authors
| | - Nikou Nassehzadeh-Tabriz
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Equal first authors
| | - Nick W Morrell
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefan J Marciniak
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK .,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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17
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Trobiani L, Meringolo M, Diamanti T, Bourne Y, Marchot P, Martella G, Dini L, Pisani A, De Jaco A, Bonsi P. The neuroligins and the synaptic pathway in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:37-51. [PMID: 32991906 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The genetics underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex and heterogeneous, and de novo variants are found in genes converging in functional biological processes. Neuronal communication, including trans-synaptic signaling involving two families of cell-adhesion proteins, the presynaptic neurexins and the postsynaptic neuroligins, is one of the most recurrently affected pathways in ASD. Given the role of these proteins in determining synaptic function, abnormal synaptic plasticity and failure to establish proper synaptic contacts might represent mechanisms underlying risk of ASD. More than 30 mutations have been found in the neuroligin genes. Most of the resulting residue substitutions map in the extracellular, cholinesterase-like domain of the protein, and impair protein folding and trafficking. Conversely, the stalk and intracellular domains are less affected. Accordingly, several genetic animal models of ASD have been generated, showing behavioral and synaptic alterations. The aim of this review is to discuss the current knowledge on ASD-linked mutations in the neuroligin proteins and their effect on synaptic function, in various brain areas and circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Trobiani
- Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Meringolo
- Lab. Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Dept. Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Tamara Diamanti
- Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Yves Bourne
- Lab. "Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques", CNRS/Aix Marseille Univ, Faculté des Sciences - Campus Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - Pascale Marchot
- Lab. "Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques", CNRS/Aix Marseille Univ, Faculté des Sciences - Campus Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - Giuseppina Martella
- Lab. Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Dept. Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Dini
- Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Lab. Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Dept. Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella De Jaco
- Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Bonsi
- Lab. Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
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18
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Liu L, Qin J, Guo T, Chen P, Ouyang R, Peng H, Luo H. Identification and functional characterization of a novel surfactant protein A2 mutation (p.N207Y) in a Chinese family with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1393. [PMID: 32602668 PMCID: PMC7507553 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a serious disorder with a high mortality rate worldwide. It is characterized by irreversible scarring of the lung parenchyma resulting from excessive collagen production by proliferating fibroblasts/myofibroblasts. Previous studies have revealed that mutations in surfactant protein‐related genes and telomerase complex genes are crucial underlying genetic factors. Methods In this study, we enrolled a family with IPF from the central southern region of China. Whole‐exome sequencing was employed to explore candidate genes in this family. Real‐time PCR and western blotting were used to study the functions of the identified mutations in vitro. Results A novel mutation (NM_001098668.4: c.619A>T; NP_001092138.1: p.N207Y) in surfactant protein A2 (SFTPA2,), having not been previously reported to be a mutation, was identified and co‐separated with all affected individuals in the IPF family. Functional research further revealed that the novel mutation affects the secretion of SFTPA2 protein and induces endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as apoptosis in A549 cells. Conclusion We are confident that this novel mutation (NM_001098668.4: c.619A>T; NP_001092138.1: p.N207Y) in SFTPA2 is the genetic mutation of the IPF family. Our study not only confirms the importance of SFTPA2 in IPF but also expands the spectrum of SFTPA2 mutations and contributes to the genetic diagnosis and counseling of IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jieli Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruoyun Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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19
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Velázquez KT, Enos RT, Bader JE, Sougiannis AT, Carson MS, Chatzistamou I, Carson JA, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M, Murphy EA. Prolonged high-fat-diet feeding promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alters gut microbiota in mice. World J Hepatol 2019; 11:619-637. [PMID: 31528245 PMCID: PMC6717713 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i8.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an epidemic largely due to the worldwide increase in obesity. While lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapies have been used to alleviate NAFLD, successful treatment options are limited. One of the main barriers to finding safe and effective drugs for long-term use in NAFLD is the fast initiation and progression of disease in the available preclinical models. Therefore, we are in need of preclinical models that (1) mimic the human manifestation of NAFLD and (2) have a longer progression time to allow for the design of superior treatments.
AIM To characterize a model of prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for investigation of the long-term progression of NAFLD.
METHODS In this study, we utilized prolonged HFD feeding to examine NAFLD features in C57BL/6 male mice. We fed mice with a HFD (60% fat, 20% protein, and 20% carbohydrate) for 80 wk to promote obesity (Old-HFD group, n = 18). A low-fat diet (LFD) (14% fat, 32% protein, and 54% carbohydrate) was administered for the same duration to age-matched mice (Old-LFD group, n = 15). An additional group of mice was maintained on the LFD (Young-LFD, n = 20) for a shorter duration (6 wk) to distinguish between age-dependent and age-independent effects. Liver, colon, adipose tissue, and feces were collected for histological and molecular assessments.
RESULTS Prolonged HFD feeding led to obesity and insulin resistance. Histological analysis in the liver of HFD mice demonstrated steatosis, cell injury, portal and lobular inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, molecular analysis for markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress established that the liver tissue of HFD mice have increased phosphorylated Jnk and CHOP. Lastly, we evaluated the gut microbial composition of Old-LFD and Old-HFD. We observed that prolonged HFD feeding in mice increased the relative abundance of the Firmicutes phylum. At the genus level, we observed a significant increase in the abundance of Adercreutzia, Coprococcus, Dorea, and Ruminococcus and decreased relative abundance of Turicibacter and Anaeroplasma in HFD mice.
CONCLUSION Overall, these data suggest that chronic HFD consumption in mice can mimic pathophysiological and some microbial events observed in NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandy T Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Reilly T Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Jackie E Bader
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Alexander T Sougiannis
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Meredith S Carson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - James A Carson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
- College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, United States
| | - Prakash S Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
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20
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Patel V, Bidault G, Chambers JE, Carobbio S, Everden AJT, Garcés C, Dalton LE, Gribble FM, Vidal-Puig A, Marciniak SJ. Inactivation of Ppp1r15a minimises weight gain and insulin resistance during caloric excess in female mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2903. [PMID: 30814564 PMCID: PMC6393541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39562-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2α within the mediobasal hypothalamus is known to suppress food intake, but the role of the eIF2α phosphatases in regulating body weight is poorly understood. Mice deficient in active PPP1R15A, a stress-inducible eIF2α phosphatase, are healthy and more resistant to endoplasmic reticulum stress than wild type controls. We report that when female Ppp1r15a mutant mice are fed a high fat diet they gain less weight than wild type littermates owing to reduced food intake. This results in healthy leaner Ppp1r15a mutant animals with reduced hepatic steatosis and improved insulin sensitivity, albeit with a possible modest defect in insulin secretion. By contrast, no weight differences are observed between wild type and Ppp1r15a deficient mice fed a standard diet. We conclude that female mice lacking the C-terminal PP1-binding domain of PPP1R15A show reduced dietary intake and preserved glucose tolerance. Our data indicate that this results in reduced weight gain and protection from diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vruti Patel
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK ,0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Guillaume Bidault
- 0000 0004 0622 5016grid.120073.7Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Joseph E. Chambers
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - Stefania Carobbio
- 0000 0004 0622 5016grid.120073.7Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Angharad J. T. Everden
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - Concepción Garcés
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - Lucy E. Dalton
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - Fiona M. Gribble
- 0000 0004 0622 5016grid.120073.7Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- 0000 0004 0622 5016grid.120073.7Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK ,0000 0004 0427 7672grid.52788.30Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA UK
| | - Stefan J. Marciniak
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK ,0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
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21
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Mooradian AD, Haas MJ, Onstead-Haas L, Tani Y, Iida T, Tokuda M. Naturally occurring rare sugars are free radical scavengers and can ameliorate endoplasmic reticulum stress. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 90:210-220. [PMID: 30806585 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Because of potential use of naturally occurring rare sugars as sweeteners, their effect on superoxide (SO), hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was examined in human coronary artery endothelial cells. SO generation was measured using the superoxide-reactive probe 2-methyl-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-A]pyrazin-3-one hydrochloride chemiluminescence. Phycoerythrin fluorescence based assay was used to monitor scavenging activity of sugars in the presence of hydroxyl or peroxyl radical generators [CuSO4 and azobis (2 amidinopropane) hydrochloride respectively]. Measurements were made in relative light units (RLU). ER stress was measured with an ER stress-sensitive secreted alkaline phosphatase (SAP) assay and by Western blot analysis of the expression and phosphorylation of key proteins in the unfolded protein response, namely CHOP47, eIF2α and JNK1. D-Glucose (27.5 mM) increased SO generation (5536 ± 283 vs. 2963 ± 205 RLU in controls; p < 0.0007) and decreased SAP secretion (73411 ± 3971 vs. 101749 ± 7652 RLU in controls; p < 0.005) indicating ER stress. Treatment of cells with 5.5 or 27.5 mM of D-allulose, D-allose, D-sorbose and D-tagatose reduced SO generation (all p < 0.05). This could not be attributed to inhibition of cellular uptake of dextrose by the rare sugars tested. In a cell free system, all four rare sugars had significantly more SO, hydroxyl and peroxyl radical scavenging activity compared to dextrose (all p < 0.01). Treatment of cells with rare sugars reduced ER stress. However, unlike other three rare sugars, D-sorbose did not inhibit tunicamycin-induced eIF2α phosphorylation. Naturally occurring rare sugars are free radical scavengers and can reduce ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshag D Mooradian
- From the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Department of Medicine; University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Michael J Haas
- From the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Department of Medicine; University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Luisa Onstead-Haas
- From the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Department of Medicine; University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Yuma Tani
- Matsutani Chemical Industry, CO., LTD, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Iida
- Matsutani Chemical Industry, CO., LTD, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tokuda
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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22
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Dickens JA, Malzer E, Chambers JE, Marciniak SJ. Pulmonary endoplasmic reticulum stress-scars, smoke, and suffocation. FEBS J 2019; 286:322-341. [PMID: 29323786 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER stress) can be a cause or consequence of pulmonary disease. Mutation of proteins restricted to the alveolar type II pneumocyte can lead to inherited forms of pulmonary fibrosis, but even sporadic cases of pulmonary fibrosis appear to be strongly associated with activation of the unfolded protein response and/or the integrated stress response. Inhalation of smoke can impair protein folding and may be an important cause of pulmonary ER stress. Similarly, tissue hypoxia can lead to impaired protein homeostasis (proteostasis). But the mechanisms linking smoke and hypoxia to ER stress are only partially understood. In this review, we will examine the role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of lung disease by focusing on fibrosis, smoke, and hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Dickens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Elke Malzer
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Joseph E Chambers
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefan J Marciniak
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, UK
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23
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Vickers AEM, Ulyanov AV, Fisher RL. Progression of Repair and Injury in Human Liver Slices. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124130. [PMID: 30572671 PMCID: PMC6321528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human liver slice function was stressed by daily dosing of acetaminophen (APAP) or diclofenac (DCF) to investigate injury and repair. Initially, untreated human liver and kidney slices were evaluated with the global human U133A array to assess the extended culture conditions. Then, drug induced injury and signals of repair in human liver slices exposed to APAP or DCF (1 mM) were evaluated via specific gene expression arrays. In culture, the untreated human liver and kidney slices remained differentiated and gene expression indicated that repair pathways were activated in both tissues. Morphologically the human liver slices exhibited evidence of repair and regeneration, while kidney slices did not. APAP and DCF exposure caused a direct multi-factorial response. APAP and DCF induced gene expression changes in transporters, oxidative stress and mitochondria energy. DCF caused a greater effect on heat shock and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress gene expression. Concerning wound repair, APAP caused a mild repression of gene expression; DCF suppressed the expression of matrix collagen genes, the remodeling metalloproteases, cell adhesion integrins, indicating a greater hinderance to wound repair than APAP. Thus, human liver slices are a relevant model to investigate the mechanisms of drug-induced injury and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anatoly V Ulyanov
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Hospital, Fairfax VA 22031, USA.
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24
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Segeritz CP, Rashid ST, de Brito MC, Serra MP, Ordonez A, Morell CM, Kaserman JE, Madrigal P, Hannan NRF, Gatto L, Tan L, Wilson AA, Lilley K, Marciniak SJ, Gooptu B, Lomas DA, Vallier L. hiPSC hepatocyte model demonstrates the role of unfolded protein response and inflammatory networks in α 1-antitrypsin deficiency. J Hepatol 2018; 69:851-860. [PMID: 29879455 PMCID: PMC6562205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS α1-Antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the SERPINA1 gene. Individuals with the Z variant (Gly342Lys) retain polymerised protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of their hepatocytes, predisposing them to liver disease. The concomitant lack of circulating A1AT also causes lung emphysema. Greater insight into the mechanisms that link protein misfolding to liver injury will facilitate the design of novel therapies. METHODS Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived hepatocytes provide a novel approach to interrogate the molecular mechanisms of A1ATD because of their patient-specific genetic architecture and reflection of human physiology. To that end, we utilised patient-specific hiPSC hepatocyte-like cells (ZZ-HLCs) derived from an A1ATD (ZZ) patient, which faithfully recapitulated key aspects of the disease at the molecular and cellular level. Subsequent functional and "omics" comparisons of these cells with their genetically corrected isogenic-line (RR-HLCs) and primary hepatocytes/human tissue enabled identification of new molecular markers and disease signatures. RESULTS Our studies showed that abnormal A1AT polymer processing (immobilised ER components, reduced luminal protein mobility and disrupted ER cisternae) occurred heterogeneously within hepatocyte populations and was associated with disrupted mitochondrial structure, presence of the oncogenic protein AKR1B10 and two upregulated molecular clusters centred on members of inflammatory (IL-18 and Caspase-4) and unfolded protein response (Calnexin and Calreticulin) pathways. These results were validated in a second patient-specific hiPSC line. CONCLUSIONS Our data identified novel pathways that potentially link the expression of Z A1AT polymers to liver disease. These findings could help pave the way towards identification of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of A1ATD. LAY SUMMARY This study compared the gene expression and protein profiles of healthy liver cells and those affected by the inherited disease α1-antitrypsin deficiency. This approach identified specific factors primarily present in diseased samples which could provide new targets for drug development. This study also demonstrates the interest of using hepatic cells generated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells to model liver disease in vitro for uncovering new mechanisms with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charis-Patricia Segeritz
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, UK; Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Sheikh Tamir Rashid
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, UK; Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, UK; Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine & Institute for Liver Studies, King's College London, UK.
| | - Miguel Cardoso de Brito
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria Paola Serra
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine & Institute for Liver Studies, King's College London, UK
| | - Adriana Ordonez
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Carola Maria Morell
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Joseph E Kaserman
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM) of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pedro Madrigal
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas R F Hannan
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Laurent Gatto
- Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Building O, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Lu Tan
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew A Wilson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM) of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kathryn Lilley
- Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Building O, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK
| | | | - Bibek Gooptu
- NIHR Leicester BRC-Respiratory and Leicester Institute of Structural & Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, UK; ISMB/Birkbeck & UCL, University of London, UK; Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, UK
| | | | - Ludovic Vallier
- Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus Hinxton, UK.
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25
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Thiebaut PA, Delile E, Coquerel D, Brunel JM, Renet S, Tamion F, Richard V. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B regulates endothelial endoplasmic reticulum stress; role in endothelial dysfunction. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 109:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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Wu X, Zhang L, Miao Y, Yang J, Wang X, Wang CC, Feng J, Wang L. Homocysteine causes vascular endothelial dysfunction by disrupting endoplasmic reticulum redox homeostasis. Redox Biol 2018; 20:46-59. [PMID: 30292945 PMCID: PMC6174864 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction induced by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) plays a critical role in vascular pathology. However, little is known about the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) redox homeostasis in HHcy-induced endothelial dysfunction. Here, we show that Hcy induces ER oxidoreductin-1α (Ero1α) expression with ER stress and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and in the arteries of HHcy mice. Hcy upregulates Ero1α expression by promoting binding of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α to the ERO1A promoter. Notably, Hcy rather than other thiol agents markedly increases the GSH/GSSG ratio in the ER, therefore allosterically activating Ero1α to produce H2O2 and trigger ER oxidative stress. By contrast, the antioxidant pathway mediated by ER glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPx7) is downregulated in HHcy mice. Ero1α knockdown and GPx7 overexpression protect the endothelium from HHcy-induced ER oxidative stress and inflammation. Our work suggests that targeting ER redox homeostasis could be used as an intervention for HHcy-related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yütong Miao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chih-Chen Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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27
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Chambers JE, Dickens JA, Marciniak SJ. Measuring the effects of α 1 -antitrypsin polymerisation on the structure and biophysical properties of the endoplasmic reticulum. Biol Cell 2018; 110:249-255. [PMID: 30129166 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An important function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is to serve as a site of secretory protein folding. When the accumulation of misfolded proteins threatens to disturb luminal homoeostasis, the cell is said to experience ER stress. By contrast, the accumulation of well-folded proteins inside the ER leads to a distinct form of strain called ER overload. The serpins comprise a large family of proteins whose folding has been studied in great detail. Some mutant serpins misfold to cause ER stress, whereas others fold but then polymerise to cause ER overload. We discuss recent advances in the use of dynamic fluorescence imaging to study these phenomena. We also discuss a new technique that we recently published, rotor-based organelle viscosity imaging (ROVI), which promises to shed more light on the biophysical features of ER stress and ER overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Chambers
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Jennifer A Dickens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Stefan J Marciniak
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
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28
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Trobiani L, Favaloro FL, Di Castro MA, Di Mattia M, Cariello M, Miranda E, Canterini S, De Stefano ME, Comoletti D, Limatola C, De Jaco A. UPR activation specifically modulates glutamate neurotransmission in the cerebellum of a mouse model of autism. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 120:139-150. [PMID: 30201312 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of rare mutations linked to autism spectrum disorders have been reported in genes encoding for proteins involved in synapse formation and maintenance, such as the post-synaptic cell adhesion proteins neuroligins. Most of the autism-linked mutations in the neuroligin genes map on the extracellular protein domain. The autism-linked substitution R451C in Neuroligin3 (NLGN3) induces a local misfolding of the extracellular domain, causing defective trafficking and retention of the mutant protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), due to misfolded proteins accumulating in the ER, has been implicated in pathological and physiological conditions of the nervous system. It was previously shown that the over-expression of R451C NLGN3 in a cellular system leads to the activation of the UPR. Here, we have investigated whether this protective cellular response is detectable in the knock-in mouse model of autism endogenously expressing R451C NLGN3. Our data showed up-regulation of UPR markers uniquely in the cerebellum of the R451C mice compared to WT littermates, at both embryonic and adult stages, but not in other brain regions. Miniature excitatory currents in the Purkinje cells of the R451C mice showed higher frequency than in the WT, which was rescued inhibiting the PERK branch of UPR. Taken together, our data indicate that the R451C mutation in neuroligin3 elicits UPR in vivo, which appears to trigger alterations of synaptic function in the cerebellum of a mouse model expressing the R451C autism-linked mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Trobiani
- Department Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - F L Favaloro
- Department Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - M A Di Castro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - M Di Mattia
- Department Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - M Cariello
- Department Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - E Miranda
- Department Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', 00185 Rome, Italy.; Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Italy
| | - S Canterini
- Department of Psychology, Section of Neuroscience, Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - M E De Stefano
- Department Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - D Comoletti
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - C Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.; Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Italy.; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - A De Jaco
- Department Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', 00185 Rome, Italy..
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29
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Dolinay T, Aonbangkhen C, Zacharias W, Cantu E, Pogoriler J, Stablow A, Lawrence GG, Suzuki Y, Chenoweth DM, Morrisey E, Christie JD, Beers MF, Margulies SS. Protein kinase R-like endoplasmatic reticulum kinase is a mediator of stretch in ventilator-induced lung injury. Respir Res 2018; 19:157. [PMID: 30134920 PMCID: PMC6106739 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of lung injury characterized by damage to the epithelial barrier with subsequent pulmonary edema and hypoxic respiratory failure. ARDS is a significant medical problem in intensive care units with associated high care costs. There are many potential causes of ARDS; however, alveolar injury associated with mechanical ventilation, termed ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), remains a well-recognized contributor. It is thus critical to understand the mechanism of VILI. Based on our published preliminary data, we hypothesized that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response molecule Protein Kinase R-like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase (PERK) plays a role in transmitting mechanosensory signals the alveolar epithelium. Methods ER stress signal responses to mechanical stretch were studied in ex-vivo ventilated pig lungs. To explore the effect of PERK inhibition on VILI, we ventilated live rats and compared lung injury parameters to non-ventilated controls. The effect of stretch-induced epithelial ER Ca2+ signaling on PERK was studied in stretched alveolar epithelial monolayers. To confirm the activation of PERK in human disease, ER stress signaling was compared between ARDS and non-ARDS lungs. Results Our studies revealed increased PERK-specific ER stress signaling in response to overstretch. PERK inhibition resulted in dose-dependent improvement of alveolar inflammation and permeability. Our data indicate that stretch-induced epithelial ER Ca2+ release is an activator of PERK. Experiments with human lung tissue confirmed PERK activation by ARDS. Conclusion Our study provides evidences that PERK is a mediator stretch signals in the alveolar epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Dolinay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chanat Aonbangkhen
- Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - William Zacharias
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer Pogoriler
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3400 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alec Stablow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33rd St, Suite 240 Skirkanich Hall Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gladys G Lawrence
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33rd St, Suite 240 Skirkanich Hall Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yoshikazu Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David M Chenoweth
- Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Edward Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jason D Christie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael F Beers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Susan S Margulies
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33rd St, Suite 240 Skirkanich Hall Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, University School of Medicine, U.A. Whitaker Building, 313 Ferst Drive, Suite 2116, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0535, USA.
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30
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Amelioration of hyperoxaluria-induced kidney dysfunction by chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid. Urolithiasis 2018; 47:171-179. [DOI: 10.1007/s00240-018-1064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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31
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by an ethanol extract of Coicis semen in Chang liver cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:100. [PMID: 29554897 PMCID: PMC5859727 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background It is well known that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a huge role in development of metabolic diseases. Specially, ER stress-induced cellular dysfunction has a significant involvement in the pathogenesis of human chronic disorders. This study was designed to study to assess whether an ethanol extract of Coicis Semen (CSE) and coixol induces the ER stress in Chang liver cells. Methods Coicis Semen was mixed with 95% ethanol at a ratio of 1:10 (w/v) and freeze dried. Chang liver cells were seeded to 96-well plates and treated with or without CSE (100, 200, 300, 500, or 1000 μg/mL) or coixol (100, 200, 300, 500, 750, or 1000 μg/mL). cell viability was analyzed with MTT assay. Effects of CSE and coixol on expression of the genes for ER stress markers were determined with qRT-PCR and the expression of the protein levels of ER stress markers were determined with western blotting. Results The concentration causing 50% inhibition (IC50) for CSE and coixol was 250 and 350 μg/mL, respectively. The CSE and coixol increased the gene expression of BiP and CHOP in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, CSE and coixol dose-dependently increased the the expression of XBP1. Conclusions CSE or coixol may have cytotoxic effect to Chang liver cells and, may induce ER stress and stimulate the UPR via activation of the PERK and IRE1 pathways in normal liver cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2175-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Chollet ME, Andersen E, Skarpen E, Myklebust CF, Koehler C, Morth JP, Chuansumrit A, Pinotti M, Bernardi F, Thiede B, Sandset PM, Skretting G. Factor VII deficiency: Unveiling the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying three model alterations of the enzyme catalytic domain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:660-667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Wan H, Chen J, Zhu X, Liu L, Wang J, Zhu X. Titania-Coated Gold Nano-Bipyramids for Blocking Autophagy Flux and Sensitizing Cancer Cells to Proteasome Inhibitor-Induced Death. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700585. [PMID: 29593960 PMCID: PMC5867123 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Targeting protein degradation is recognized as a valid approach to cancer therapy. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosome pathway are two major pathways for intracellular protein degradation. Proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib are clinically approved for treating malignancies, but to date, they are still unsatisfactory for cancer therapy. This study identifies titania-coated gold nano-bipyramid (NBP/TiO2) nanostructures as an autophagic flux inhibitor, as the smallest NBP/TiO2 nanostructures induce significant autophagosome accumulation in human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells via blocking the autophagosome-lysosome fusion process and inhibiting lysosomal degradation. Further study indicates that NBP/TiO2 nanostructures reduce the intracellular level of mature cathepsin B and directly inhibit the proteolytic activity of cathepsin B, thereby further inhibiting trypsin-like proteolytic activity, which is a potential cotarget for UPS inhibition. NBP/TiO2 nanostructures interact synergistically with bortezomib to suppress the viability of U-87 MG cells, as the combined treatment synergistically induces the intracellular accumulation of ubiquitinated protein and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In addition, photothermal therapy further synergistically reduces the cell viability. In summary, this study suggests that NBP/TiO2 nanostructures function as a promising anticancer agent in combination with proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Ye Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and HealthMacau University of Science and TechnologyAvenida Wai LongTaipaMacau SARChina
| | - Jian‐Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and HealthMacau University of Science and TechnologyAvenida Wai LongTaipaMacau SARChina
| | - Xingzhong Zhu
- Department of PhysicsThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SARChina
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and HealthMacau University of Science and TechnologyAvenida Wai LongTaipaMacau SARChina
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of PhysicsThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SARChina
| | - Xiao‐Ming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and HealthMacau University of Science and TechnologyAvenida Wai LongTaipaMacau SARChina
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Brijmohan AS, Batchu SN, Majumder S, Alghamdi TA, Thieme K, McGaugh S, Liu Y, Advani SL, Bowskill BB, Kabir MG, Geldenhuys L, Siddiqi FS, Advani A. HDAC6 Inhibition Promotes Transcription Factor EB Activation and Is Protective in Experimental Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:34. [PMID: 29449811 PMCID: PMC5799228 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To contend with the deleterious effects of accumulating misfolded protein aggregates or damaged organelles cells rely on a system of quality control processes, among them the autophagy-lysosome pathway. This pathway is itself controlled by a master regulator transcription factor termed transcription factor EB (TFEB). When TFEB localizes to the cell nucleus it promotes the expression of a number of genes involved in protein clearance. Here, we set out to determine (1) whether TFEB expression is altered in chronic kidney disease (CKD); (2) whether inhibition of the cytosolic deacetylase histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) affects TFEB acetylation and nuclear localization; and (3) whether HDAC6 inhibition, in turn, alters the natural history of experimental CKD. TFEB mRNA and protein levels were observed to be diminished in the kidneys of humans with diabetic kidney disease, accompanied by accumulation of the protein aggregate adaptor protein p62 in tubule epithelial cells. In cultured NRK-52E cells, HDAC6 inhibition with the small molecule inhibitor Tubastatin A acetylated TFEB, increasing TFEB localization to the nucleus and attenuating cell death. In a rat model of CKD, Tubastatin A prevented the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates in tubule epithelial cells, attenuated proteinuria progression, limited tubule cell death and diminished tubulointerstitial collagenous matrix deposition. These findings point to the common occurrence of dysregulated quality control processes in CKD and they suggest that TFEB downregulation may contribute to tubule injury in CKD. They also identify a regulatory relationship between HDAC6 and TFEB. HDAC6 inhibitors and TFEB activators both warrant further investigation as treatments for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela S. Brijmohan
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sri N. Batchu
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Syamantak Majumder
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tamadher A. Alghamdi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karina Thieme
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah McGaugh
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Youan Liu
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suzanne L. Advani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bridgit B. Bowskill
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M. Golam Kabir
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Andrew Advani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is predominantly caused by point mutations that alter the protein's folding. These mutations fall into two broad categories: those that destabilize the protein dramatically and lead to its post-translational degradation and those that affect protein structure more subtly to promote protein polymerization within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This distinction is important because it determines the cell's response to each mutant. The severely misfolded mutants trigger an unfolded protein response (UPR) that promotes improved protein folding but can kill the cell in the chronic setting. In contrast, mutations that permit polymer formation fail to activate the UPR but instead promote a nuclear factor-κB-mediated ER overload response. The ability of polymers to increase a cell's sensitivity to ER stress likely explains apparent inconsistencies in the alpha-1 antitrypsin-signaling literature that have linked polymers with the UPR. In this review we discuss the use of mutant serpins to dissect each signaling pathway.
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Gámez A, Yuste-Checa P, Brasil S, Briso-Montiano Á, Desviat L, Ugarte M, Pérez-Cerdá C, Pérez B. Protein misfolding diseases: Prospects of pharmacological treatment. Clin Genet 2017; 93:450-458. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Gámez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - P. Yuste-Checa
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - S. Brasil
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - Á. Briso-Montiano
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - L.R. Desviat
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Ugarte
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - C. Pérez-Cerdá
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - B. Pérez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
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Hanche-Olsen S, Matiasek K, Molín J, Rosati M, Hahn C, Hultin Jäderlund K, Gröndahl G. Acquired equine polyneuropathy of Nordic horses: A conspicuous inclusion body schwannopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2017; 27:931-941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Shao Y, Hernandez-Buquer S, Childress P, Stayrook KR, Alvarez MB, Davis H, Plotkin LI, He Y, Condon KW, Burr DB, Warden SJ, Robling AG, Yang FC, Wek RC, Allen MR, Bidwell JP. Improving Combination Osteoporosis Therapy in a Preclinical Model of Heightened Osteoanabolism. Endocrinology 2017; 158. [PMID: 28637206 PMCID: PMC5659666 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Combining anticatabolic agents with parathyroid hormone (PTH) to enhance bone mass has yielded mixed results in osteoporosis patients. Toward the goal of enhancing the efficacy of these regimens, we tested their utility in combination with loss of the transcription factor Nmp4 because disabling this gene amplifies PTH-induced increases in trabecular bone in mice by boosting osteoblast secretory activity. We addressed whether combining a sustained anabolic response with an anticatabolic results in superior bone acquisition compared with PTH monotherapy. Additionally, we inquired whether Nmp4 interferes with anticatabolic efficacy. Wild-type and Nmp4-/- mice were ovariectomized at 12 weeks of age, followed by therapy regimens, administered from 16 to 24 weeks, and included individually or combined PTH, alendronate (ALN), zoledronate (ZOL), and raloxifene (RAL). Anabolic therapeutic efficacy generally corresponded with PTH + RAL = PTH + ZOL > PTH + ALN = PTH > vehicle control. Loss of Nmp4 enhanced femoral trabecular bone increases under PTH + RAL and PTH + ZOL. RAL and ZOL promoted bone restoration, but unexpectedly, loss of Nmp4 boosted RAL-induced increases in femoral trabecular bone. The combination of PTH, RAL, and loss of Nmp4 significantly increased bone marrow osteoprogenitor number, but did not affect adipogenesis or osteoclastogenesis. RAL, but not ZOL, increased osteoprogenitors in both genotypes. Nmp4 status did not influence bone serum marker responses to treatments, but Nmp4-/- mice as a group showed elevated levels of the bone formation marker osteocalcin. We conclude that the heightened osteoanabolism of the Nmp4-/- skeleton enhances the effectiveness of diverse osteoporosis treatments, in part by increasing hyperanabolic osteoprogenitors. Nmp4 provides a promising target pathway for identifying barriers to pharmacologically induced bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shao
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Selene Hernandez-Buquer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Paul Childress
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Keith R. Stayrook
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Marta B. Alvarez
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Hannah Davis
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Lilian I. Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Yongzheng He
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Keith W. Condon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - David B. Burr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Stuart J. Warden
- Center for Translational Musculoskeletal Research, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Alexander G. Robling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Ronald C. Wek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Matthew R. Allen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
- Richard A. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Joseph P. Bidwell
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
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Marciniak SJ. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2017; 26:170018. [PMID: 28659504 PMCID: PMC9488656 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0018-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to inhaled pollutants, including fine particulates and cigarette smoke is a major cause of lung disease in Europe. While it is established that inhaled pollutants have devastating effects on the genome, it is now recognised that additional effects on protein folding also drive the development of lung disease. Protein misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum affects the pathogenesis of many diseases, ranging from pulmonary fibrosis to cancer. It is therefore important to understand how cells respond to endoplasmic reticulum stress and how this affects pulmonary tissues in disease. These insights may offer opportunities to manipulate such endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and thereby cure lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Marciniak
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Liver Effects of Clinical Drugs Differentiated in Human Liver Slices. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030574. [PMID: 28272341 PMCID: PMC5372590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drugs with clinical adverse effects are compared in an ex vivo 3-dimensional multi-cellular human liver slice model. Functional markers of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function, glutathione GSH and ATP levels, were affected by acetaminophen (APAP, 1 mM), diclofenac (DCF, 1 mM) and etomoxir (ETM, 100 μM). Drugs targeting mitochondria more than GSH were dantrolene (DTL, 10 μM) and cyclosporin A (CSA, 10 μM), while GSH was affected more than ATP by methimazole (MMI, 500 μM), terbinafine (TBF, 100 μM), and carbamazepine (CBZ 100 μM). Oxidative stress genes were affected by TBF (18%), CBZ, APAP, and ETM (12%–11%), and mitochondrial genes were altered by CBZ, APAP, MMI, and ETM (8%–6%). Apoptosis genes were affected by DCF (14%), while apoptosis plus necrosis were altered by APAP and ETM (15%). Activation of oxidative stress, mitochondrial energy, heat shock, ER stress, apoptosis, necrosis, DNA damage, immune and inflammation genes ranked CSA (75%), ETM (66%), DCF, TBF, MMI (61%–60%), APAP, CBZ (57%–56%), and DTL (48%). Gene changes in fatty acid metabolism, cholestasis, immune and inflammation were affected by DTL (51%), CBZ and ETM (44%–43%), APAP and DCF (40%–38%), MMI, TBF and CSA (37%–35%). This model advances multiple dosing in a human ex vivo model, plus functional markers and gene profile markers of drug induced human liver side-effects.
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Valle C, Carrì MT. Cysteine Modifications in the Pathogenesis of ALS. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:5. [PMID: 28167899 PMCID: PMC5253364 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several proteins are found misfolded and aggregated in sporadic and genetic forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These include superoxide dismutase (SOD1), transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43), fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma protein (FUS/TLS), p62, vasolin-containing protein (VCP), Ubiquilin-2 and dipeptide repeats produced by unconventional RAN-translation of the GGGGCC expansion in C9ORF72. Up to date, functional studies have not yet revealed a common mechanism for the formation of such diverse protein inclusions. Consolidated studies have demonstrated a fundamental role of cysteine residues in the aggregation process of SOD1 and TDP43, but disturbance of protein thiols homeostatic factors such as protein disulfide isomerases (PDI), glutathione, cysteine oxidation or palmitoylation might contribute to a general aberration of cysteine residues proteostasis in ALS. In this article we review the evidence that cysteine modifications may have a central role in many, if not all, forms of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Valle
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNRRome, Italy
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSRome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Carrì
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSRome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor VergataRome, Italy
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Dong Y, Fernandes C, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wu H, Brophy ML, Deng L, Song K, Wen A, Wong S, Yan D, Towner R, Chen H. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling in diabetic endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2017; 14:14-23. [PMID: 27941052 PMCID: PMC5161113 DOI: 10.1177/1479164116666762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that diabetes mellitus accelerates atherosclerotic vascular disease. Endothelial injury has been proposed to be the initial event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Endothelium not only acts as a semi-selective barrier but also serves physiological and metabolic functions. Diabetes or high glucose in circulation triggers a series of intracellular responses and organ damage such as endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis. One such response is high glucose-induced chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress in the endothelium. The unfolded protein response is an acute reaction that enables cells to overcome endoplasmic reticulum stress. However, when chronically persistent, endoplasmic reticulum stress response could ultimately lead to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Herein, we discuss the scientific advances in understanding endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced endothelial dysfunction, the pathogenesis of diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress as a potential target in therapies for diabetic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhou Dong
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megan L Brophy
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kai Song
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aiyun Wen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott Wong
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daoguang Yan
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rheal Towner
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Angiotensin II receptor one (AT1) mediates dextrose induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and superoxide production in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Int J Cardiol 2016; 220:842-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
α1-Antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) is an inherited disorder caused by mutations in SERPINA1, leading to liver and lung disease. It is not a rare disorder but frequently goes underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or cryptogenic liver disease. The most frequent disease-associated mutations include the S allele and the Z allele of SERPINA1, which lead to the accumulation of misfolded α1-antitrypsin in hepatocytes, endoplasmic reticulum stress, low circulating levels of α1-antitrypsin and liver disease. Currently, there is no cure for severe liver disease and the only management option is liver transplantation when liver failure is life-threatening. A1ATD-associated lung disease predominately occurs in adults and is caused principally by inadequate protease inhibition. Treatment of A1ATD-associated lung disease includes standard therapies that are also used for the treatment of COPD, in addition to the use of augmentation therapy (that is, infusions of human plasma-derived, purified α1-antitrypsin). New therapies that target the misfolded α1-antitrypsin or attempt to correct the underlying genetic mutation are currently under development.
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45
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Protein folding alterations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Res 2016; 1648:633-649. [PMID: 27064076 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding leads to the formation of aggregated proteins and protein inclusions, which are associated with synaptic loss and neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that targets motor neurons in the brain, brainstem and spinal cord. Several proteins misfold and are associated either genetically or pathologically in ALS, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), Tar DNA binding protein-43 (TDP-43), Ubiquilin-2, p62, VCP, and dipeptide repeat proteins produced by unconventional repeat associated non-ATG translation of the repeat expansion in C9ORF72. Chaperone proteins, including heat shock proteins (Hsp׳s) and the protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) family, assist in protein folding and therefore can prevent protein misfolding, and have been implicated as being protective in ALS. In this review we provide an overview of the current literature regarding the molecular mechanisms of protein misfolding and aggregation in ALS, and the role of chaperones as potential targets for therapeutic intervention. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:ER stress.
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Wong MK, Holloway AC, Hardy DB. Nicotine Directly Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Rat Placental Trophoblast Giant Cells. Toxicol Sci 2016; 151:23-34. [PMID: 26803847 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine exposure during pregnancy leads to placental insufficiency impairing both fetal and neonatal development. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that in rats, nicotine augmented endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in association with placental insufficiency; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Therefore, we sought to investigate the possible direct effect of nicotine on ER stress in Rcho-1 rat placental trophoblast giant (TG) cells during differentiation. Protein and/or mRNA expression of markers involved in ER stress (eg, phosphorylated PERK, eIF2α, CHOP, and BiP/GRP78) and TG cell differentiation and function (eg, Pl-1, placental growth factor [Pgf], Hsd11b1, and Hsd11b2) were quantified via Western blot or real-time polymerase chain reaction. Nicotine treatment led to dose-dependent increases in the phosphorylation of PERK[Thr981] and eIF2α[Ser51], whereas pretreatment with a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist (mecamylamine hydrochloride) blocked the induction of PERK phosphorylation, verifying the direct involvement of nicotine and nAChR binding. We next investigated select target genes known to play essential roles in placental TG cell differentiation and function (Pl-1, Pgf, Hsd11b1, and Hsd11b2), and found that nicotine significantly augmented the mRNA levels of Hsd11b1 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, using tauroursodeoxycholic acid, a safe bile acid known to improve protein chaperoning and folding, we were able to prevent nicotine-induced increases in both PERK phosphorylation and Hsd11b1 mRNA levels, revealing a potential novel therapeutic approach to reverse the deleterious effects of nicotine exposure in pregnancy. Collectively, these results implicate that nicotine, acting through its receptor, can directly augment ER stress and impair placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Wong
- *Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Daniel B Hardy
- *Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1 Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson, Health Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
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Bobak Y, Kurlishchuk Y, Vynnytska-Myronovska B, Grydzuk O, Shuvayeva G, Redowicz MJ, Kunz-Schughart LA, Stasyk O. Arginine deprivation induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in human solid cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 70:29-38. [PMID: 26546743 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deprivation for the single amino acid arginine is a rapidly developing metabolic anticancer therapy, which allows growth control in a number of highly malignant tumors. Here we report that one of the responses of human solid cancer cells to arginine starvation is the induction of prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Systematic study of two colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 and HT29, glioblastoma U251 MG and ovarian carcinoma SKOV3 cell lines revealed, however, that the ER stress triggered by the absence of arginine does not result in massive apoptosis despite a profound upregulation of the proapoptotic gene CHOP. Instead, Akt- and MAPK-dependent pathways were activated which may counteract proapoptotic signaling. Treatment with DMSO as a disaggregating agent or with cycloheximide to block protein synthesis reduced ER stress evoked by arginine deprivation. On the other hand, ER stress and apoptosis induction in arginine-starved cells could be critically augmented by the arginine analog of plant origin canavanine, but not by the classic ER stress inducer tunicamycin. Our data suggest that canavanine treatment applied under the lack of arginine may enhance the efficacy of arginine deprivation-based anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Bobak
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Yuliya Kurlishchuk
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Bozhena Vynnytska-Myronovska
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Olesia Grydzuk
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Galyna Shuvayeva
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Maria J Redowicz
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Leoni A Kunz-Schughart
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Oleh Stasyk
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine.
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Wong MK, Barra NG, Alfaidy N, Hardy DB, Holloway AC. Adverse effects of perinatal nicotine exposure on reproductive outcomes. Reproduction 2015; 150:R185-93. [PMID: 26432348 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine exposure during pregnancy through cigarette smoking, nicotine replacement therapies or e-cigarette use continues to be a widespread public health problem, impacting both fetal and postnatal health. Yet, at this time, there remains limited data regarding the safety and efficacy in using these nicotine products during pregnancy. Notably, reports assessing the effect of nicotine exposure on postnatal health outcomes in humans, including reproductive health, are severely lacking. Our current understanding regarding the consequences of nicotine exposure during pregnancy is limited to a few animal studies, which do not comprehensively address the underlying cellular mechanisms involved. This paper aims to critically review the current knowledge from human and animal studies regarding the direct and indirect effects (e.g. obesity) of maternal nicotine exposure, regardless of its source, on reproductive outcomes in pregnancy and postnatal life. Furthermore, this review highlights several key cellular mechanisms involved in these adverse reproductive deficits including oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. By understanding the interplay of the cellular mechanisms involved, further strategies could be developed to prevent the reproductive abnormalities resulting from exposure to nicotine in utero and influence informed clinical guidelines for pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nadia Alfaidy
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology Physiology and Pharmacology, Children's Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada University of Grenoble-Alpes 38000; INSERM U 1036, Grenoble, France; iRTSV-Biology of Cancer and Infection, Grenoble, France Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McMaster University, RM HSC-3N52, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
| | | | - Alison C Holloway
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology Physiology and Pharmacology, Children's Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada University of Grenoble-Alpes 38000; INSERM U 1036, Grenoble, France; iRTSV-Biology of Cancer and Infection, Grenoble, France Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McMaster University, RM HSC-3N52, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
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Abstract
Highly sophisticated mechanisms that modulate protein structure and function, which involve synthesis and degradation, have evolved to maintain cellular homeostasis. Perturbations in these mechanisms can lead to protein dysfunction as well as deleterious cell processes. Therefore in recent years the etiology of a great number of diseases has been attributed to failures in mechanisms that modulate protein structure. Interconnections among metabolic and cell signaling pathways are critical for homeostasis to converge on mechanisms associated with protein folding as well as for the preservation of the native structure of proteins. For instance, imbalances in secretory protein synthesis pathways lead to a condition known as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress which elicits the adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR). Therefore, taking this into consideration, a key part of this paper is developed around the protein folding phenomenon, and cellular mechanisms which support this pivotal condition. We provide an overview of chaperone protein function, UPR via, spatial compartmentalization of protein folding, proteasome role, autophagy, as well as the intertwining between these processes. Several diseases are known to have a molecular etiology in the malfunction of mechanisms responsible for protein folding and in the shielding of native structure, phenomena which ultimately lead to misfolded protein accumulation. This review centers on our current knowledge about pathways that modulate protein folding, and cell responses involved in protein homeostasis.
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Pereira DM, Valentão P, Correia-da-Silva G, Teixeira N, Andrade PB. Translating endoplasmic reticulum biology into the clinic: a role for ER-targeted natural products? Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:705-22. [PMID: 25703279 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00102h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
ER stress has been identified as a hallmark, and sometimes trigger, of several pathologies, notably cancer, inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Among the molecules described in literature known to affect ER function, the majority are natural products, suggesting that natural molecules may constitute a significant arsenal of chemical entities for modulating this cellular target. In this review, we will start by presenting the current knowledge of ER biology and the hallmarks of ER stress, thus paving the way for presenting the natural products that have been described as being ER modulators, either stress inducers or ER protectors. The chemistry, distribution and mechanism of action of these compounds will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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