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Martínez P, Silva M, Abarzúa S, Tevy MF, Jaimovich E, Constantine-Paton M, Bustos FJ, van Zundert B. Skeletal myotubes expressing ALS mutant SOD1 induce pathogenic changes, impair mitochondrial axonal transport, and trigger motoneuron death. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.24.595817. [PMID: 38826246 PMCID: PMC11142234 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motoneurons (MNs), and despite progress, there is no effective treatment. A large body of evidence shows that astrocytes expressing ALS-linked mutant proteins cause non-cell autonomous toxicity of MNs. Although MNs innervate muscle fibers and ALS is characterized by the early disruption of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and axon degeneration, there are controversies about whether muscle contributes to non-cell-autonomous toxicity to MNs. In this study, we generated primary skeletal myotubes from myoblasts derived from ALS mice expressing human mutant SOD1 G93A (termed hereafter mutSOD1). Characterization revealed that mutSOD1 skeletal myotubes display intrinsic phenotypic and functional differences compared to control myotubes generated from non-transgenic (NTg) littermates. Next, we analyzed whether ALS myotubes exert non-cell-autonomous toxicity to MNs. We report that conditioned media from mutSOD1 myotubes (mutSOD1-MCM), but not from control myotubes (NTg-MCM), induced robust death of primary MNs in mixed spinal cord cultures and compartmentalized microfluidic chambers. Our study further revealed that applying mutSOD1-MCM to the MN axonal side in microfluidic devices rapidly reduces mitochondrial axonal transport while increasing Ca2+ transients and reactive oxygen species (i.e., H 2 O 2 ). These results indicate that soluble factor(s) released by mutSOD1 myotubes cause MN axonopathy that leads to lethal pathogenic changes.
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Hashimoto S, Hosoi T, Yakabe M, Matsumoto S, Hashimoto M, Akishita M, Ogawa S. Exercise-induced vitamin D receptor and androgen receptor mediate inhibition of IL-6 and STAT3 in muscle. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101621. [PMID: 38205185 PMCID: PMC10776921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Skeletal muscle produces interleukin-6 (IL-6) during exercise as a myokine. Although IL-6 is required for skeletal muscle regeneration, its action increases the expression of myostatin and other proteins involved in muscle atrophy, resulting in skeletal muscle atrophy. In this study, we clarified the effects exercise-induced vitamin D receptor (VDR) and androgen receptor (AR) expression on IL-6 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in vivo and in vitro. Method C2C12 myotubes were subjected to electric pulse stimulation (EPS) in vitro. To evaluate VDR and AR function, a VDR/AR agonist and antagonist were administered before EPS to C2C12 myotubes. C57BL6 mice underwent 4 weeks of exercise. The expression levels of proteolytic-associated genes, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (C/EBPδ) and myostatin, were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and phosphorylated and total STAT3 levels were measured by Western blot analysis. Result The expression of VDR and AR mRNA was induced following EPS in C2C12 myotubes. IL-6 mRNA expression was also increased with a peak at 6 h after EPS and p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio reciprocally decreased. Although VDR/AR agonist administration decreased IL-6 mRNA expression and p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio, these two endpoints increased after treatment with VDR/AR antagonist, respectively. Exercise in mice also increased the expression of VDR/AR and IL-6 mRNA and decreased p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio. Conclusion Exercise-induced VDR and AR expression results in the suppression of IL-6 mRNA and STAT3 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Hashimoto
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hosoi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Yakabe
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shoya Matsumoto
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Hashimoto
- Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sumito Ogawa
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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β-carotene alleviates LPS-induced inflammation through regulating STIM1/ORAI1 expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kavaliauskaitė J, Kazlauskaitė A, Lazutka JR, Mozolevskis G, Stirkė A. Pulsed Electric Fields Alter Expression of NF-κB Promoter-Controlled Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010451. [PMID: 35008875 PMCID: PMC8745616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility to artificially adjust and fine-tune gene expression is one of the key milestones in bioengineering, synthetic biology, and advanced medicine. Since the effects of proteins or other transgene products depend on the dosage, controlled gene expression is required for any applications, where even slight fluctuations of the transgene product impact its function or other critical cell parameters. In this context, physical techniques demonstrate optimistic perspectives, and pulsed electric field technology is a potential candidate for a noninvasive, biophysical gene regulator, exploiting an easily adjustable pulse generating device. We exposed mammalian cells, transfected with a NF-κB pathway-controlled transcription system, to a range of microsecond-duration pulsed electric field parameters. To prevent toxicity, we used protocols that would generate relatively mild physical stimulation. The present study, for the first time, proves the principle that microsecond-duration pulsed electric fields can alter single-gene expression in plasmid context in mammalian cells without significant damage to cell integrity or viability. Gene expression might be upregulated or downregulated depending on the cell line and parameters applied. This noninvasive, ligand-, cofactor-, nanoparticle-free approach enables easily controlled direct electrostimulation of the construct carrying the gene of interest; the discovery may contribute towards the path of simplification of the complexity of physical systems in gene regulation and create further synergies between electronics, synthetic biology, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina Kavaliauskaitė
- Laboratory of Bioelectrics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.K.); (A.K.)
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 7, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Auksė Kazlauskaitė
- Laboratory of Bioelectrics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.K.); (A.K.)
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 7, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Juozas Rimantas Lazutka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 7, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Gatis Mozolevskis
- Laboratory of Prototyping of Electronic and Photonic Devices, Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Str. 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Arūnas Stirkė
- Laboratory of Bioelectrics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.K.); (A.K.)
- Laboratory of Prototyping of Electronic and Photonic Devices, Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Str. 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia;
- Correspondence:
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Truong L, Zheng YM, Kandhi S, Wang YX. Overview on Interactive Role of Inflammation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Calcium Signaling in Asthma, COPD, and Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1304:147-164. [PMID: 34019268 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68748-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory signaling is a major component in the development and progression of many lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), and pulmonary hypertension (PH). This chapter will provide a brief overview of asthma, COPD, and PH and how inflammation plays a vital role in these diseases. Specifically, we will discuss the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ signaling in inflammatory cellular responses and how these interactive signaling pathways mediate the development of asthma, COPD, and PH. We will also deliberate the key cellular responses of pulmonary arterial (PA) smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and airway SMCs (ASMCs) in these devastating lung diseases. The analysis of the importance of inflammation will shed light on the key questions remaining in this field and highlight molecular targets that are worth exploring. The crucial findings will not only demonstrate the novel roles of essential signaling molecules such as Rieske iron-sulfur protein and ryanodine receptor in the development and progress of asthma, COPD, and PH but also offer advanced insight for creating more effective and new therapeutic targets for these devastating inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Truong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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Webb SE, Kelu JJ, Miller AL. Role of Two-Pore Channels in Embryonic Development and Cellular Differentiation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:a035170. [PMID: 31358517 PMCID: PMC6942120 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Since the identification of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) and its putative target, the two-pore channel (TPC), the NAADP/TPC/Ca2+ signaling pathway has been reported to play a role in a diverse range of functions in a variety of different cell types. TPCs have also been associated with a number of diseases, which arise when their activity is perturbed. In addition, TPCs have been shown to play key roles in various embryological processes and during the differentiation of a variety of cell types. Here, we review the role of NAADP/TPC/Ca2+ signaling during early embryonic development and cellular differentiation. We pay particular attention to the role of TPC2 in the development and maturation of early neuromuscular activity in zebrafish, and during the differentiation of isolated osteoclasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes. Our aim is to emphasize the conserved features of TPC-mediated Ca2+ signaling in a number of selected examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Webb
- Division of Life Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clearwater Bay, Hong Kong, PRC
| | - Jeffrey J Kelu
- Division of Life Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clearwater Bay, Hong Kong, PRC
| | - Andrew L Miller
- Division of Life Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clearwater Bay, Hong Kong, PRC
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Valladares D, Utreras-Mendoza Y, Campos C, Morales C, Diaz-Vegas A, Contreras-Ferrat A, Westermeier F, Jaimovich E, Marchi S, Pinton P, Lavandero S. IP 3 receptor blockade restores autophagy and mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle fibers of dystrophic mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3685-3695. [PMID: 30251688 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by a severe and progressive destruction of muscle fibers associated with altered Ca2+ homeostasis. We have previously shown that the IP3 receptor (IP3R) plays a role in elevating basal cytoplasmic Ca2+ and that pharmacological blockade of IP3R restores muscle function. Moreover, we have shown that the IP3R pathway negatively regulates autophagy by controlling mitochondrial Ca2+ levels. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether IP3R is involved in abnormal mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial dynamics, or autophagy and mitophagy observed in adult DMD skeletal muscle. Here, we show that the elevated basal autophagy and autophagic flux levels were normalized when IP3R was downregulated in mdx fibers. Pharmacological blockade of IP3R in mdx fibers restored both increased mitochondrial Ca2+ levels and mitochondrial membrane potential under resting conditions. Interestingly, mdx mitochondria changed from a fission to an elongated state after IP3R knockdown, and the elevated mitophagy levels in mdx fibers were normalized. To our knowledge, this is the first study associating IP3R1 activity with changes in autophagy, mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy in adult mouse skeletal muscle. Moreover, these results suggest that increased IP3R activity in mdx fibers plays an important role in the pathophysiology of DMD. Overall, these results lead us to propose the use of specific IP3R blockers as a new pharmacological treatment for DMD, given their ability to restore both autophagy/mitophagy and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Valladares
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; Escuela de Kinesiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Yildy Utreras-Mendoza
- Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Cristian Campos
- Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Camilo Morales
- Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Alexis Diaz-Vegas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Ariel Contreras-Ferrat
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Francisco Westermeier
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Enrique Jaimovich
- Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Nikolić N, Görgens SW, Thoresen GH, Aas V, Eckel J, Eckardt K. Electrical pulse stimulation of cultured skeletal muscle cells as a model for in vitro exercise - possibilities and limitations. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:310-331. [PMID: 27863008 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial health-related effects of exercise are well recognized, and numerous studies have investigated underlying mechanism using various in vivo and in vitro models. Although electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) for the induction of muscle contraction has been used for quite some time, its application on cultured skeletal muscle cells of animal or human origin as a model of in vitro exercise is a more recent development. In this review, we compare in vivo exercise and in vitro EPS with regard to effects on signalling, expression level and metabolism. We provide a comprehensive overview of different EPS protocols and their applications, discuss technical aspects of this model including critical controls and the importance of a proper maintenance procedure and finally discuss the limitations of the EPS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Nikolić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; School of Pharmacy; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - S. W. Görgens
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology; German Diabetes Center; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - G. H. Thoresen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; School of Pharmacy; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Clinical Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - V. Aas
- Department of Life Sciences and Health; Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences; Oslo Norway
| | - J. Eckel
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology; German Diabetes Center; Düsseldorf Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.); Düsseldorf Germany
| | - K. Eckardt
- Department of Nutrition; Institute for Basic Medical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
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Sexual Dimorphism in a Reciprocal Interaction of Ryanodine and IP 3 Receptors in the Induction of Hyperalgesic Priming. J Neurosci 2017; 37:2032-2044. [PMID: 28115480 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2911-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperalgesic priming, a model of pain chronification in the rat, is mediated by ryanodine receptor-dependent calcium release. Although ryanodine induces priming in both sexes, females are 5 orders of magnitude more sensitive, by an estrogen receptor α (EsRα)-dependent mechanism. An inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor inhibitor prevented the induction of priming by ryanodine. For IP3 induced priming, females were also more sensitive. IP3-induced priming was prevented by pretreatment with inhibitors of the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase and ryanodine receptor. Antisense to EsRα prevented the induction of priming by low-dose IP3 in females. The induction of priming by an EsRα agonist was ryanodine receptor-dependent and prevented by the IP3 antagonist. Thus, an EsRα-dependent bidirectional interaction between endoplasmic reticulum IP3 and ryanodine receptor-mediated calcium signaling is present in the induction of hyperalgesic priming, in females. In cultured male DRG neurons, IP3 (100 μm) potentiated depolarization-induced transients produced by extracellular application of high-potassium solution (20 mm, K20), in nociceptors incubated with β-estradiol. This potentiation of depolarization-induced calcium transients was blocked by the IP3 antagonist, and not observed in the absence of IP3 IP3 potentiation was also blocked by ryanodine receptor antagonist. The application of ryanodine (2 nm), instead of IP3, also potentiated K20-induced calcium transients in the presence of β-estradiol, in an IP3 receptor-dependent manner. Our results point to an EsRα-dependent, reciprocal interaction between IP3 and ryanodine receptors that contributes to sex differences in hyperalgesic priming.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The present study demonstrates a mechanism that plays a role in the marked sexual dimorphism observed in a model of the transition to chronic pain, hyperalgesic priming. This mechanism involves a reciprocal interaction between the endoplasmic reticulum receptors, IP3 and ryanodine, in the induction of priming, regulated by estrogen receptor α in the nociceptor of female rats. The presence of this signaling pathway modulating the susceptibility of nociceptors to develop plasticity may contribute to our understanding of sex differences observed clinically in chronic pain syndromes.
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Mitochondrial fusion dynamics is robust in the heart and depends on calcium oscillations and contractile activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E859-E868. [PMID: 28096338 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1617288114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fusion is thought to be important for supporting cardiac contractility, but is hardly detectable in cultured cardiomyocytes and is difficult to directly evaluate in the heart. We overcame this obstacle through in vivo adenoviral transduction with matrix-targeted photoactivatable GFP and confocal microscopy. Imaging in whole rat hearts indicated mitochondrial network formation and fusion activity in ventricular cardiomyocytes. Promptly after isolation, cardiomyocytes showed extensive mitochondrial connectivity and fusion, which decayed in culture (at 24-48 h). Fusion manifested both as rapid content mixing events between adjacent organelles and slower events between both neighboring and distant mitochondria. Loss of fusion in culture likely results from the decline in calcium oscillations/contractile activity and mitofusin 1 (Mfn1), because (i) verapamil suppressed both contraction and mitochondrial fusion, (ii) after spontaneous contraction or short-term field stimulation fusion activity increased in cardiomyocytes, and (iii) ryanodine receptor-2-mediated calcium oscillations increased fusion activity in HEK293 cells and complementing changes occurred in Mfn1. Weakened cardiac contractility in vivo in alcoholic animals is also associated with depressed mitochondrial fusion. Thus, attenuated mitochondrial fusion might contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy.
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Meyer SU, Krebs S, Thirion C, Blum H, Krause S, Pfaffl MW. Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Induced Modifications of the Gene Expression Kinetics of Differentiating Skeletal Muscle Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139520. [PMID: 26447881 PMCID: PMC4598026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction TNF-α levels are increased during muscle wasting and chronic muscle degeneration and regeneration processes, which are characteristic for primary muscle disorders. Pathologically increased TNF-α levels have a negative effect on muscle cell differentiation efficiency, while IGF1 can have a positive effect; therefore, we intended to elucidate the impact of TNF-α and IGF1 on gene expression during the early stages of skeletal muscle cell differentiation. Methodology/Principal Findings This study presents gene expression data of the murine skeletal muscle cells PMI28 during myogenic differentiation or differentiation with TNF-α or IGF1 exposure at 0 h, 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 72 h after induction. Our study detected significant coregulation of gene sets involved in myoblast differentiation or in the response to TNF-α. Gene expression data revealed a time- and treatment-dependent regulation of signaling pathways, which are prominent in myogenic differentiation. We identified enrichment of pathways, which have not been specifically linked to myoblast differentiation such as doublecortin-like kinase pathway associations as well as enrichment of specific semaphorin isoforms. Moreover to the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a specific inverse regulation of the following genes in myoblast differentiation and response to TNF-α: Aknad1, Cmbl, Sepp1, Ndst4, Tecrl, Unc13c, Spats2l, Lix1, Csdc2, Cpa1, Parm1, Serpinb2, Aspn, Fibin, Slc40a1, Nrk, and Mybpc1. We identified a gene subset (Nfkbia, Nfkb2, Mmp9, Mef2c, Gpx, and Pgam2), which is robustly regulated by TNF-α across independent myogenic differentiation studies. Conclusions This is the largest dataset revealing the impact of TNF-α or IGF1 treatment on gene expression kinetics of early in vitro skeletal myoblast differentiation. We identified novel mRNAs, which have not yet been associated with skeletal muscle differentiation or response to TNF-α. Results of this study may facilitate the understanding of transcriptomic networks underlying inhibited muscle differentiation in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swanhild U Meyer
- Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | | | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Sabine Krause
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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Phosphoinositides in Ca(2+) signaling and excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle: an old player and newcomers. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2015; 36:491-9. [PMID: 26377756 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-015-9422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Since the postulate, 30 years ago, that phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P 2) as the precursor of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P 3) would be critical for skeletal muscle excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, the issue of whether phosphoinositides (PtdInsPs) may have something to do with Ca(2+) signaling in muscle raised limited interest, if any. In recent years however, the PtdInsP world has expanded considerably with new functions for PtdIns(4,5)P 2 but also with functions for the other members of the PtdInsP family. In this context, the discovery that genetic deficiency in a PtdInsP phosphatase has dramatic consequences on Ca(2+) homeostasis in skeletal muscle came unanticipated and opened up new perspectives in regards to how PtdInsPs modulate muscle Ca(2+) signaling under normal and disease conditions. This review intends to make an update of the established, the questioned, and the unknown regarding the role of PtdInsPs in skeletal muscle Ca(2+) homeostasis and EC coupling, with very specific emphasis given to Ca(2+) signals in differentiated skeletal muscle fibers.
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Henríquez-Olguín C, Altamirano F, Valladares D, López JR, Allen PD, Jaimovich E. Altered ROS production, NF-κB activation and interleukin-6 gene expression induced by electrical stimulation in dystrophic mdx skeletal muscle cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1410-9. [PMID: 25857619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a fatal X-linked genetic disease, caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, which cause functional loss of this protein. This pathology is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species. The aim of this work was to study the alterations in NF-κB activation and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression induced by membrane depolarization in dystrophic mdx myotubes. Membrane depolarization elicited by electrical stimulation increased p65 phosphorylation, NF-κB transcriptional activity and NF-κB-dependent IL-6 expression in wt myotubes, whereas in mdx myotubes it had the opposite effect. We have previously shown that depolarization-induced intracellular Ca2+ increases and ROS production are necessary for NF-κB activation and stimulation of gene expression in wt myotubes. Dystrophic myotubes showed a reduced amplitude and area under the curve of the Ca2+ transient elicited by electrical stimulation. On the other hand, electrical stimuli induced higher ROS production in mdx than wt myotubes, which were blocked by NOX2 inhibitors. Moreover, mRNA expression and protein levels of the NADPH oxidase subunits: p47phox and gp91phox were increased in mdx myotubes. Looking at ROS-dependence of NF-κB activation we found that in wt myotubes external administration of 50 μM H2O2 increased NF-κB activity; after administration of 100 and 200 μM H2O2 there was no effect. In mdx myotubes there was a dose-dependent reduction in NF-κB activity in response to external administration of H2O2, with a significant effect of 100 μM and 200 μM, suggesting that ROS levels are critical for NF-κB activity. Prior blockage with NOX2 inhibitors blunted the effects of electrical stimuli in both NF-κB activation and IL-6 expression. Finally, to ascertain whether stimulation of NF-κB and IL-6 gene expression by the inflammatory pathway is also impaired in mdx myotubes, we studied the effect of lipopolysaccharide on both NF-κB activation and IL-6 expression. Exposure to lipopolysaccharide induced a dramatic increase in both NF-κB activation and IL-6 expression in both wt and mdx myotubes, suggesting that the altered IL-6 gene expression after electrical stimulation in mdx muscle cells is due to dysregulation of Ca2+ release and ROS production, both of which impinge on NF-κB signaling. IL-6 is a key metabolic modulator that is released by the skeletal muscle to coordinate a multi-systemic response (liver, muscle, and adipocytes) during physical exercise; the alteration of this response in dystrophic muscles may contribute to an abnormal response to contraction and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henríquez-Olguín
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, Chile; Laboratorio Ciencias del Ejercicio, Clínica MEDS, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Altamirano
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, Chile; Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Denisse Valladares
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, Chile
| | - José R López
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Paul D Allen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Enrique Jaimovich
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, Chile.
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14
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Liu C, Liu X, Xue Y, Ding T, Sun J. Hydrolyzed tilapia fish collagen modulates the biological behavior of macrophages under inflammatory conditions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02355f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first study showing that HFC can inhibit the excessive production of inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center
- Shanghai 200023
- China
| | - Xin Liu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center
- Shanghai 200023
- China
| | - Yang Xue
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center
- Shanghai 200023
- China
| | - Tingting Ding
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center
- Shanghai 200023
- China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Biomaterials Research & Testing Center
- Shanghai 200023
- China
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15
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Thomas CM, Yong QC, Rosa RM, Seqqat R, Gopal S, Casarini DE, Jones WK, Gupta S, Baker KM, Kumar R. Cardiac-specific suppression of NF-κB signaling prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy via inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H1036-45. [PMID: 25085967 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00340.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activation of NF-κB signaling in the heart may be protective or deleterious depending on the pathological context. In diabetes, the role of NF-κB in cardiac dysfunction has been investigated using pharmacological approaches that have a limitation of being nonspecific. Furthermore, the specific cellular pathways by which NF-κB modulates heart function in diabetes have not been identified. To address these questions, we used a transgenic mouse line expressing mutated IκB-α in the heart (3M mice), which prevented activation of canonical NF-κB signaling. Diabetes was developed by streptozotocin injections in wild-type (WT) and 3M mice. Diabetic WT mice developed systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction by the 12th week, as measured by echocardiography. In contrast, cardiac function was preserved in 3M mice up to 24 wk of diabetes. Diabetes induced an elevation in cardiac oxidative stress in diabetic WT mice but not 3M mice compared with nondiabetic control mice. In diabetic WT mice, an increase in the phospholamban/sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase 2 ratio and decrease in ryanodine receptor expression were observed, whereas diabetic 3M mice showed an opposite effect on these parameters of Ca(2+) handling. Significantly, renin-angiotensin system activity was suppressed in diabetic 3M mice compared with an increase in WT animals. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that inhibition of NF-κB signaling in the heart prevents diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction through preserved Ca(2+) handling and inhibition of the cardiac renin-angiotensin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice M Thomas
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, Texas; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Qian Chen Yong
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, Texas; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Rodolfo M Rosa
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Rachid Seqqat
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, Texas; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Shanthi Gopal
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Dulce E Casarini
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - W Keith Jones
- Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Sudhiranjan Gupta
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, Texas; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Kenneth M Baker
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, Texas; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, Texas; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas;
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16
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Bustamante M, Fernández-Verdejo R, Jaimovich E, Buvinic S. Electrical stimulation induces IL-6 in skeletal muscle through extracellular ATP by activating Ca(2+) signals and an IL-6 autocrine loop. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 306:E869-82. [PMID: 24518675 PMCID: PMC3989743 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00450.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important myokine that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle cells upon exercise. We assessed IL-6 expression in response to electrical stimulation (ES) or extracellular ATP as a known mediator of the excitation-transcription mechanism in skeletal muscle. We examined whether the canonical signaling cascade downstream of IL-6 (IL-6/JAK2/STAT3) also responds to muscle cell excitation, concluding that IL-6 influences its own expression through a positive loop. Either ES or exogenous ATP (100 μM) increased both IL-6 expression and p-STAT3 levels in rat myotubes, a process inhibited by 100 μM suramin and 2 U/ml apyrase. ATP also evoked IL-6 expression in both isolated skeletal fibers and extracts derived from whole FDB muscles. ATP increased IL-6 release up to 10-fold. STAT3 activation evoked by ATP was abolished by the JAK2 inhibitor HBC. Blockade of secreted IL-6 with a neutralizing antibody or preincubation with the STAT3 inhibitor VIII reduced STAT3 activation evoked by extracellular ATP by 70%. Inhibitor VIII also reduced by 70% IL-6 expression evoked by ATP, suggesting a positive IL-6 loop. In addition, ATP increased up to 60% the protein levels of SOCS3, a negative regulator of the IL-6 signaling pathway. On the other hand, intracellular calcium chelation or blockade of IP3-dependent calcium signals abolished STAT3 phosphorylation evoked by either extracellular ATP or ES. These results suggest that expression of IL-6 in stimulated skeletal muscle cells is mediated by extracellular ATP and nucleotide receptors, involving IP3-dependent calcium signals as an early step that triggers a positive IL-6 autocrine loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bustamante
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; and
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17
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Zuloaga R, Fuentes EN, Molina A, Valdés JA. The cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) is activated by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and regulates myostatin gene expression in skeletal myoblast. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 440:258-64. [PMID: 24064350 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin, a member of the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily, plays an important role as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth and differentiation. We have previously reported that IGF-1 induces a transient myostatin mRNA expression, through the activation of the Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells (NFAT) in an IP3/calcium-dependent manner. Here we examined the activation of CREB transcription factor as downstream targets of IGF-1 during myoblast differentiation and its role as a regulator of myostatin gene expression. In cultured skeletal myoblast, IGF-1 induced the phosphorylation and transcriptional activation of CREB via IGF-1 Receptor/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Phospholipase C gamma (PLC γ), signaling pathways. Also, IGF-1 induced calcium-dependent molecules such as Calmodulin Kinase II (CaMK II), Extracellular signal-regulated Kinases (ERK), Protein Kinase C (PKC). Additionally, we examined myostatin mRNA levels and myostatin promoter activity in differentiated myoblasts stimulated with IGF-1. We found a significant increase in mRNA contents of myostatin and its reporter activity after treatment with IGF-1. The expression of myostatin in differentiated myoblast was downregulated by the transfection of siRNA-CREB and by pharmacological inhibitors of the signaling pathways involved in CREB activation. By using pharmacological and genetic approaches together these data demonstrate that IGF-1 regulates the myostatin gene expression via CREB transcription factor during muscle cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zuloaga
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Lipopolysaccharide induces endoplasmic store Ca2+-dependent inflammatory responses in lung microvessels. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63465. [PMID: 23675486 PMCID: PMC3651233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary microvasculature plays a critical role in endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. However, the relevant signaling remain unclear. Specifically the role of endothelial Ca2+ in the induction of endotoxin-mediated responses in lung microvessels remains undefined. Toward elucidating this, we used the isolated blood-perfused rat lung preparation. We loaded microvessels with the Ca2+ indicator, Fura 2 AM and then determined Ca2+ responses to infusions of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the microvessels. LPS induced a more than two-fold increase in the amplitude of cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations. Inhibiting inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptors on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores with Xestospongin C (XeC), blocked the LPS-induced increase in the Ca2+ oscillation amplitude. However, XeC did not affect entry of external Ca2+ via plasma membrane Ca2+ channels in lung microvascular endothelial cells. This suggested that LPS augmented the oscillations via release of Ca2+ from ER stores. In addition, XeC also blocked LPS-mediated activation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B in lung microvessels. Further, inhibiting ER Ca2+ release blunted increases in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and retention of naïve leukocytes in LPS-treated microvessels. Taken together, the data suggest that LPS-mediated Ca2+ release from ER stores underlies nuclear factor-kappa B activation and downstream inflammatory signaling in lung microvessels. Thus, we show for the first time a role for inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate-mediated ER Ca2+ release in the induction of LPS responses in pulmonary microvascular endothelium. Mechanisms that blunt this signaling may mitigate endotoxin-induced morbidity.
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19
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Valdés JA, Flores S, Fuentes EN, Osorio-Fuentealba C, Jaimovich E, Molina A. IGF-1 induces IP3-dependent calcium signal involved in the regulation of myostatin gene expression mediated by NFAT during myoblast differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:1452-63. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Szadujkis-Szadurska K, Grzesk G, Szadujkis-Szadurski L, Gajdus M, Matusiak G. Role of acetylcholine and calcium ions in three vascular contraction models: Angiotensin II, phenylephrine and caffeine. Exp Ther Med 2012; 4:329-333. [PMID: 22984369 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the role of acetylcholine and calcium ions in modulating the vascular contraction induced by angiotensin II (ANG II), phenylephrine (PHE) and caffeine. The study was performed on perfunded Wistar rat tail arteries. The contraction caused by ANG II, PHE and caffeine with the participation of intracellular [in free physiological salt solution (FPSS)] and extracellular [in physiological salt solution (PSS), after emptying the cellular stores] pools of calcium ions and the addition of L-NNA (NOSe inhibitor) or ODQ (GC inhibitor) was studied. Then the effect of acetylcholine on the contraction responses was analyzed. ANG II, PHE and caffeine induced an increase in perfusion pressure in PSS and FPSS. Acetylcholine reduced the contraction resulting from the presence of ANG II and PHE, but not caffeine. L-NNA and ODQ abolished the spasmolytic action of acetylcholine. Both pools of calcium ions mediated the action of ANG II and PHE, and caffeine induced the contraction with the participation of calcium released from intracellular stores. The spasmolytic effect of acetylcholine on responses stimulated by ANG II and PHE indicates the participation of nitric oxide in modulating the reactivity of the arteries on the studied agonists of the metabotropic receptors. No observed acetylcholine effect on caffeine suggests that the pathway associated with nitric oxide does not interfere with the contraction induced by the ryanodin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szadujkis-Szadurska
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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21
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Altamirano F, López JR, Henríquez C, Molinski T, Allen PD, Jaimovich E. Increased resting intracellular calcium modulates NF-κB-dependent inducible nitric-oxide synthase gene expression in dystrophic mdx skeletal myotubes. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:20876-87. [PMID: 22549782 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.344929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder caused by dystrophin mutations, characterized by chronic inflammation and severe muscle wasting. Dystrophic muscles exhibit activated immune cell infiltrates, up-regulated inflammatory gene expression, and increased NF-κB activity, but the contribution of the skeletal muscle cell to this process has been unclear. The aim of this work was to study the pathways that contribute to the increased resting calcium ([Ca(2+)](rest)) observed in mdx myotubes and its possible link with up-regulation of NF-κB and pro-inflammatory gene expression in dystrophic muscle cells. [Ca(2+)](rest) was higher in mdx than in WT myotubes (308 ± 6 versus 113 ± 2 nm, p < 0.001). In mdx myotubes, both the inhibition of Ca(2+) entry (low Ca(2+) solution, Ca(2+)-free solution, and Gd(3+)) and blockade of either ryanodine receptors or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors reduced [Ca(2+)](rest). Basal activity of NF-κB was significantly up-regulated in mdx versus WT myotubes. There was an increased transcriptional activity and p65 nuclear localization, which could be reversed when [Ca(2+)](rest) was reduced. Levels of mRNA for TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 were similar in WT and mdx myotubes, whereas inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) expression was increased 5-fold. Reducing [Ca(2+)](rest) using different strategies reduced iNOS gene expression presumably as a result of decreased activation of NF-κB. We propose that NF-κB, modulated by increased [Ca(2+)](rest), is constitutively active in mdx myotubes, and this mechanism can account for iNOS overexpression and the increase in reactive nitrogen species that promote damage in dystrophic skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Altamirano
- From the Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, Chile
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22
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Yue C, Soboloff J, Gamero AM. Control of type I interferon-induced cell death by Orai1-mediated calcium entry in T cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:3207-16. [PMID: 22144678 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.269068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is an essential process in T cell activation. SOCE is controlled by the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel encoded by the gene Orai1 that is expressed on the plasma membrane and activated by STIM1 when ER Ca(2+) stores are depleted. Our earlier work showed that a somatic T-cell line Jurkat mutant H123 bearing a defect in Ca(2+) signaling was susceptible to the apoptotic effects of type I interferons (IFN-α/β). The nature of the mutation and whether this mutation was linked to IFN-α/β apoptotic susceptibility was unknown. Here we show that H123 cells lacked Orai1 and exhibit reduced STIM1 protein. Reconstitution of both Orai1 and STIM1 in H123 cells rescued SOCE in response to thapsigargin and ionomycin and abrogated IFN-α/β-induced apoptosis. Reciprocally, overexpression of the dominant negative Orai1-E106A in either parental Jurkat cells or an unrelated human T cell line (CEM391) inhibited SOCE and led to sensitization to IFN-α/β-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, we showed that the Ca(2+) response pathway antagonized the IFN-α/β -induced transcriptional responses; in the absence of SOCE, this negative regulatory effect was lost. However, the inhibitory effect of Ca(2+) on type I IFN-induced gene transcription was diminished by pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB in cells with intact SOCE. Our findings reveal an unexpected and novel regulatory crosstalk mechanism between type I IFNs and store-operated Ca(2+) signaling pathways mediated at least in part by NF-κB activity with significant clinical implications to both viral and tumor immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyu Yue
- Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
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23
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Neumann JT, Copello JA. Cross-reactivity of ryanodine receptors with plasma membrane ion channel modulators. Mol Pharmacol 2011; 80:509-17. [PMID: 21665944 DOI: 10.1124/mol.111.071167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Various pharmacological agents designed to modulate plasma membrane ion channels seem to significantly affect intracellular Ca²⁺ signaling when acting on their target receptor. Some agents could also cross-react (modulate channels or receptors beyond their putative target) with intracellular Ca²⁺ transporters. This study investigated the potential of thirty putative modulators of either plasma membrane K⁺, Na⁺, or transient receptor potential (TRP) channels to cross-react with intracellular Ca²⁺ release channels [i.e., ryanodine receptors (RyRs)] from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Screening for cross-reactivity of these various agents was performed by measuring the rate of spontaneous Ca²⁺ leak or caffeine-induced Ca²⁺ release from SR microsomes. Four of the agents displayed a strong cross-reactivity and were further evaluated with skeletal RyR (RyR1) reconstituted into planar bilayers. 6,12,19,20,25,26-Hexahydro-5,27:13,18:21,24-trietheno-11,7-metheno-7H-dibenzo [b,n][1,5,12,16]tetraazacyclotricosine-5, 13-diium dibromide (UCL 1684; K⁺ channel antagonist) and lamotrigine (Na⁺ channel antagonist) were found to significantly inhibit the RyR1-mediated caffeine-induced Ca²⁺ release. TRP channel agonists anandamide and (-)menthol were found to inhibit and activate RyR1, respectively. High concentrations of nine other agents produced partial inhibition of RyR1-mediated Ca²⁺ release from SR microsomes. Various pharmacological agents, especially TRP modulators, also inhibited a minor RyR1-independent component of the SR Ca²⁺ leak. Overall, ∼43% of the agents selected cross-reacted with RyR1-mediated and/or RyR1-independent Ca²⁺ leak from intracellular stores. Thus, cross-reactivity should be considered when using these classes of pharmacological agents to determine the role of plasmalemmal channels in Ca²⁺ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake T Neumann
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, USA
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Quarta M, Scorzeto M, Canato M, Dal Maschio M, Conte D, Blaauw B, Vassanelli S, Reggiani C. The modulation of myogenic cells differentiation using a semiconductor-muscle junction. Biomaterials 2011; 32:4228-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Cleto LS, Oleto AF, Sousa LP, Barreto TO, Cruz JS, Penaforte CL, Magalhães JC, Sousa-Franco J, Pinto KMC, Campi-Azevedo AC, Rocha-Vieira E. Plasma cytokine response, lipid peroxidation and NF-kB activation in skeletal muscle following maximum progressive swimming. Braz J Med Biol Res 2011; 44:546-52. [PMID: 21519639 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to determine lipid peroxidation and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in skeletal muscle and the plasma cytokine profile following maximum progressive swimming. Adult male Swiss mice (N = 15) adapted to the aquatic environment were randomly divided into three groups: immediately after exercise (EX1), 3 h after exercise (EX2) and control. Animals from the exercising groups swam until exhaustion, with an initial workload of 2% of body mass attached to the tail. Control mice did not perform any exercise but were kept immersed in water for 20 min. Maximum swimming led to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in skeletal muscle, as indicated by increased thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels (4062.67 ± 1487.10 vs 19,072.48 ± 8738.16 nmol malondialdehyde (MDA)/mg protein, control vs EX1). Exercise also promoted NF-κB activation in soleus muscle. Cytokine secretion following exercise was marked by increased plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels 3 h post-exercise (P < 0.05). Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were reduced following exercise and remained reduced 3 h post-exercise (P < 0.05). Plasma levels of other cytokines investigated, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), were not altered by exercise. The present findings showed that maximum swimming, as well as other exercise models, led to lipid peroxidation and NF-κB activation in skeletal muscle and increased plasma IL-6 levels. The plasma cytokine response was also marked by reduced IL-10 levels. These results were attributed to exercise type and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Cleto
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ambientais e da Saúde, Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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26
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Riquelme D, Alvarez A, Leal N, Adasme T, Espinoza I, Valdés JA, Troncoso N, Hartel S, Hidalgo J, Hidalgo C, Carrasco MA. High-frequency field stimulation of primary neurons enhances ryanodine receptor-mediated Ca2+ release and generates hydrogen peroxide, which jointly stimulate NF-κB activity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:1245-59. [PMID: 20836702 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal electrical activity increases intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and generates reactive oxygen species. Here, we show that high frequency field stimulation of primary hippocampal neurons generated Ca(2+) signals with an early and a late component, and promoted hydrogen peroxide generation via a neuronal NADPH oxidase. Hydrogen peroxide generation required both Ca(2+) entry through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and Ca(2+) release mediated by ryanodine receptors (RyR). Field stimulation also enhanced nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 protein and NF-κB -dependent transcription, and increased c-fos mRNA and type-2 RyR protein content. Preincubation with inhibitory ryanodine or with the antioxidant N-acetyl L-cysteine abolished the increase in hydrogen peroxide generation and the late Ca(2+) signal component induced by electrical stimulation. Primary cortical cells behaved similarly as primary hippocampal cells. Exogenous hydrogen peroxide also activated NF-κB-dependent transcription in hippocampal neurons; inhibitory ryanodine prevented this effect. Selective inhibition of the NADPH oxidase or N-acetyl L-cysteine also prevented the enhanced translocation of p65 in hippocampal cells, while N-acetyl L-cysteine abolished the increase in RyR2 protein content induced by high frequency stimulation. In conclusion, the present results show that electrical stimulation induced reciprocal activation of ryanodine receptor-mediated Ca(2+) signals and hydrogen peroxide generation, which stimulated jointly NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Riquelme
- Center of Molecular Studies of the Cell, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Programs, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Low M, Sandoval D, Morales B, Nualart F, Henríquez JP. Up-regulation of the vitamin C transporter SVCT2 upon differentiation and depolarization of myotubes. FEBS Lett 2010; 585:390-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Guo F, Lou Y, Feng N, Li G, Xie A, Huang X, Wang Y. Exposure to lanthanum compound diminishes LPS-induced inflammation-associated gene expression: involvements of PKC and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. Biometals 2010; 23:669-80. [PMID: 20349204 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-010-9327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanum chloride, a rare earth compound, possesses antibacterial and cellular immunity regulating properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of lanthanum chloride on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and TNF-alpha in RAW 264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage cell line. We found that the LPS-elicited excessive production of NO and TNF-alpha in RAW 264.7 cells was inhibited significantly in the presence of lanthanum chloride, and the attenuation of iNOS and TNF-alpha occurred at mRNA level. Furthermore, the possible signaling components affected by lanthanum chloride in the pathway that lead to LPS-induced iNOS and TNF-alpha expression were explored. The results indicated the involvements of PKC/Ca(2+) and NF-kappaB in the attenuation of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokine production by lanthanum chloride. Our observations suggest a possible therapeutic application of this agent for treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- Burns Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
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29
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Martelly I, Singabraya D, Vandebrouck A, Papy-Garcia D, Cognard C, Raymond G, Guillet-Deniau I, Courty J, Constantin B. Glycosaminoglycan mimetics trigger IP3-dependent intracellular calcium release in myoblasts. Matrix Biol 2010; 29:317-29. [PMID: 20193761 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are sulfated polysaccharides that play an important role in regulating cell functions. GAG mimetics called RGTAs (for ReGeneraTing Agents) have been shown to stimulate tissue repair. In particular they accelerate myogenesis, in part via their heparin-mimetic property towards growth factors. RGTAs also increase activity of calcium-dependent intracellular protease suggesting an effect on calcium cellular homeostasis. This effect was presently investigated on myoblasts in vitro using one member of the RGTA family molecule named OTR4120. We have shown that OTR4120 or heparin induced transient increases of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in pre-fusing myoblasts from both mouse SolD7 cell line and rat skeletal muscle satellite cells grown in primary culture by mobilising sarcoplasmic reticulum store. This [Ca(2+)]i was not mediated by ryanodine receptors but instead resulted from stimulation of the Inositol-3 phosphate-phospholipase C activation pathway. OTR4120-induced calcium transient was not mediated through an ATP, nor a tyrosine kinase, nor an acetylcholine receptor but principally through serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. This original finding shows that the GAG mimetic can induce calcium signal through serotonin receptors and the IP3 pathway may be relevant to its ability to favour myoblast differentiation. It supports a novel and unexpected function of GAGs in the regulation of calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Martelly
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Réparation et la Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), UMR 7149-CNRS, Université Paris-Est Créteil, France.
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30
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Mondin L, Balghi H, Constantin B, Cognard C, Sebille S. Negative modulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type 1 receptor expression prevents dystrophin-deficient muscle cells death. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2009; 297:C1133-45. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00048.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for a modulatory effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) on calcium signaling and cell survival in dystrophin-deficient cells is presented. Our previous works strongly supported the hypothesis of an overactivation of Ca2+ release via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3R) in dystrophin-deficient cells, both during membrane depolarization and at rest, through spontaneous Ca2+ release events. Forced expression of mini-dystrophin in these cells contributed, during stimulation and in resting condition, to the recovery of a controlled calcium homeostasis. In the present work, we demonstrate that CsA exposure displayed a dual-modulator effect on calcium signaling in dystrophin-deficient cells. Short-time incubation induced a decrease of IP3-dependent calcium release, leading to patterns of release similar to those observed in myotubes expressing mini-dystrophin, whereas long-time incubation reduced the expression of the type I of IP3 receptors (IP3R-1) RNA levels. Moreover, both IP3R-1 knockdown and blockade through 2-aminoethoxydiphenyle borate or CsA induced improved survival of dystrophin-deficient myotubes, demonstrating the cell death dependence on the IP3-dependent calcium signaling as well as the protective effect of CsA. Inhibition of the IP3 pathway could be a very interesting approach for reducing the natural cell death of dystrophin-deficient cells in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Mondin
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 6187, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Haouaria Balghi
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 6187, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Bruno Constantin
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 6187, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Christian Cognard
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 6187, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Stéphane Sebille
- Institut de Physiologie et Biologie Cellulaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 6187, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Sieber M, Baumgrass R. Novel inhibitors of the calcineurin/NFATc hub - alternatives to CsA and FK506? Cell Commun Signal 2009; 7:25. [PMID: 19860902 PMCID: PMC2774854 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-7-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The drugs cyclosporine A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506) revolutionized organ transplantation. Both compounds are still widely used in the clinic as well as for basic research, even though they have dramatic side effects and modulate other pathways than calcineurin-NFATc, too. To answer the major open question - whether the adverse side effects are secondary to the actions of the drugs on the calcineurin-NFATc pathway - alternative inhibitors were developed. Ideal inhibitors should discriminate between the inhibition of (i) calcineurin and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (PPIases; the matchmaker proteins of CsA and FK506), (ii) calcineurin and the other Ser/Thr protein phosphatases, and (iii) NFATc and other transcription factors. In this review we summarize the current knowledge about novel inhibitors, synthesized or identified in the last decades, and focus on their mode of action, specificity, and biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Sieber
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Buvinic S, Almarza G, Bustamante M, Casas M, López J, Riquelme M, Sáez JC, Huidobro-Toro JP, Jaimovich E. ATP released by electrical stimuli elicits calcium transients and gene expression in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:34490-505. [PMID: 19822518 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.057315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP released from cells is known to activate plasma membrane P2X (ionotropic) or P2Y (metabotropic) receptors. In skeletal muscle cells, depolarizing stimuli induce both a fast calcium signal associated with contraction and a slow signal that regulates gene expression. Here we show that nucleotides released to the extracellular medium by electrical stimulation are partly involved in the fast component and are largely responsible for the slow signals. In rat skeletal myotubes, a tetanic stimulus (45 Hz, 400 1-ms pulses) rapidly increased extracellular levels of ATP, ADP, and AMP after 15 s to 3 min. Exogenous ATP induced an increase in intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration, with an EC(50) value of 7.8 +/- 3.1 microm. Exogenous ADP, UTP, and UDP also promoted calcium transients. Both fast and slow calcium signals evoked by tetanic stimulation were inhibited by either 100 mum suramin or 2 units/ml apyrase. Apyrase also reduced fast and slow calcium signals evoked by tetanus (45 Hz, 400 0.3-ms pulses) in isolated mouse adult skeletal fibers. A likely candidate for the ATP release pathway is the pannexin-1 hemichannel; its blockers inhibited both calcium transients and ATP release. The dihydropyridine receptor co-precipitated with both the P2Y(2) receptor and pannexin-1. As reported previously for electrical stimulation, 500 mum ATP significantly increased mRNA expression for both c-fos and interleukin 6. Our results suggest that nucleotides released during skeletal muscle activity through pannexin-1 hemichannels act through P2X and P2Y receptors to modulate both Ca(2+) homeostasis and muscle physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Buvinic
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70005, Santiago 7, Chile
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Lack of CFTR in skeletal muscle predisposes to muscle wasting and diaphragm muscle pump failure in cystic fibrosis mice. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000586. [PMID: 19649303 PMCID: PMC2709446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients often have reduced mass and strength of skeletal muscles, including the diaphragm, the primary muscle of respiration. Here we show that lack of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) plays an intrinsic role in skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction. In normal murine and human skeletal muscle, CFTR is expressed and co-localized with sarcoplasmic reticulum-associated proteins. CFTR-deficient myotubes exhibit augmented levels of intracellular calcium after KCl-induced depolarization, and exposure to an inflammatory milieu induces excessive NF-kB translocation and cytokine/chemokine gene upregulation. To determine the effects of an inflammatory environment in vivo, sustained pulmonary infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was produced, and under these conditions diaphragmatic force-generating capacity is selectively reduced in Cftr(-/-) mice. This is associated with exaggerated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression as well as upregulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligases (MuRF1 and atrogin-1) involved in muscle atrophy. We conclude that an intrinsic alteration of function is linked to the absence of CFTR from skeletal muscle, leading to dysregulated calcium homeostasis, augmented inflammatory/atrophic gene expression signatures, and increased diaphragmatic weakness during pulmonary infection. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for CFTR in skeletal muscle function that may have major implications for the pathogenesis of cachexia and respiratory muscle pump failure in CF patients.
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Osorio-Fuentealba C, Valdés JA, Riquelme D, Hidalgo J, Hidalgo C, Carrasco MA. Hypoxia stimulates via separate pathways ERK phosphorylation and NF-κB activation in skeletal muscle cells in primary culture. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2009; 106:1301-10. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91224.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells sense oxygen levels and respond to hypoxic conditions through the regulation of multiple signaling pathways and transcription factors. Here, we investigated the effects of hypoxia on the activity of two transcriptional regulators, ERK1/2 and NF-κB, in skeletal muscle cells in primary culture. We found that hypoxia significantly enhanced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and that it stimulated NF-κB-dependent gene transcription as well as nuclear translocation of a green fluorescent protein-labeled p65 NF-κB isoform. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2- and NF-κB-dependent transcription by hypoxia required calcium entry through L-type calcium channels. Calcium release from ryanodine-sensitive stores was also necessary for ERK1/2 activation but not for NF-κB-dependent-transcription. N-acetylcysteine, a general scavenger of reactive oxygen species, blocked hypoxia-induced ROS generation but did not affect the stimulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation induced by hypoxia. In contrast, NF-κB activation was significantly inhibited by N-acetylcysteine and did not depend on ERK1/2 stimulation, as shown by the lack of effect of the upstream ERK inhibitor U-0126. These separate pathways of activation of ERK1/2 and NF-κB by hypoxia may contribute to muscle adaptation in response to hypoxic conditions.
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35
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Heidrich FM, Zhang K, Estrada M, Huang Y, Giordano FJ, Ehrlich BE. Chromogranin B regulates calcium signaling, nuclear factor kappaB activity, and brain natriuretic peptide production in cardiomyocytes. Circ Res 2008; 102:1230-8. [PMID: 18420944 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.107.166033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Altered regulation of signaling pathways can lead to pathologies including cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. We report that neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes express chromogranin B (CGB), a Ca(2+) binding protein that modulates Ca(2+) release by the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP(3)R). Using fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator dyes, we found that CGB regulates InsP(3)-dependent Ca(2+) release in response to angiotensin II, an octapeptide hormone that promotes cardiac hypertrophy. ELISA experiments and luciferase reporter assays identified angiotensin II as a potent inducer of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a hormone that recently emerged as an important biomarker in cardiovascular disease. CGB was found to regulate angiotensin II-stimulated and basal secretion, expression and promoter activity of BNP that depend on the InsP(3)R. Moreover, we provide evidence that CGB acts via the transcription activity of nuclear factor kappaB in an InsP(3)/Ca(2+)-dependent manner but independent of nuclear factor of activated T cells. In vivo experiments further showed that cardiac hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II, a condition characterized by increased ventricular BNP production, is associated with upregulation of ventricular CGB expression. Overexpression of CGB in cardiomyocytes, in turn, induced the BNP promoter. The evidence presented in this study identifies CGB as a novel regulator of cardiomyocyte InsP(3)/Ca(2+)-dependent signaling, nuclear factor kappaB activity, and BNP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix M Heidrich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
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Valdés JA, Gaggero E, Hidalgo J, Leal N, Jaimovich E, Carrasco MA. NFAT activation by membrane potential follows a calcium pathway distinct from other activity-related transcription factors in skeletal muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008; 294:C715-25. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00195.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Depolarization of skeletal muscle cells triggers intracellular Ca2+ signals mediated by ryanodine and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors. Previously, we have reported that K+-induced depolarization activates transcriptional regulators ERK, cAMP response element-binding protein, c- fos, c- jun, and egr-1 through IP3-dependent Ca2+ release, whereas NF-κB activation is elicited by both ryanodine and IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ signals. We have further shown that field stimulation with electrical pulses results in an NF-κB activation increase dependent of the amount of pulses and independent of their frequency. In this work, we report the results obtained for nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-mediated transcription and translocation generated by both K+ and electrical stimulation protocols in primary skeletal muscle cells and C2C12 cells. The Ca2+ source for NFAT activation is through release by ryanodine receptors and extracellular Ca2+ entry. We found this activation to be independent of the number of pulses within a physiological range of stimulus frequency and enhanced by long-lasting low-frequency stimulation. Therefore, activation of the NFAT signaling pathway differs from that of NF-κB and other transcription factors. Calcineurin enzyme activity correlated well with the relative activation of NFAT translocation and transcription using different stimulation protocols. Furthermore, both K+-induced depolarization and electrical stimulation increased mRNA levels of the type 1 IP3 receptor mediated by calcineurin activity, which suggests that depolarization may regulate IP3 receptor transcription. These results confirm the presence of at least two independent pathways for excitation-transcription coupling in skeletal muscle cells, both dependent on Ca2+ release and triggered by the same voltage sensor but activating different intracellular release channels.
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Heo JS, Lee MY, Han HJ. Sonic hedgehog stimulates mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation by cooperation of Ca2+/protein kinase C and epidermal growth factor receptor as well as Gli1 activation. Stem Cells 2007; 25:3069-80. [PMID: 17901397 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog signaling has an essential role in the control of stem cell growth in embryonic tissues. Therefore, this study examined the effect of sonic hedgehog (Shh) on the self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and its related mechanisms. Shh increased DNA synthesis blocked by the inhibition of the smoothened receptor. Shh required Gli1 activation to induce the increases in Notch/Hes-1 and Wnt/beta-catenin. Shh increased the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and protein kinase C (PKC) activity. We show that the Shh-induced increase in the Gli1 mRNA level requires [Ca(2+)](i) and PKC. Shh increased the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is blocked by the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. Subsequently, Shh increased the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB p65 phosphorylation, which was inhibited by blocking PKC and EGFR tyrosine kinase. Shh also increased the level of the cell cycle regulatory proteins in a dose-dependent manner. However, Shh decreased the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory proteins. The effect of Shh on these proteins was inhibited by blocking PKC, EGFR, and NF-kappaB as well as transfection of Gli1 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Finally, Shh-induced progression of the G1/S-phase was blocked by the inhibition of PKC and EGFR tyrosine kinase. In conclusion, Shh stimulates mouse ES cell proliferation through Gli1 activation as well as Ca(2+)/PKC and EGFR. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Heo
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biotherapy Human Resources Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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