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Ge Y, Xia T, Feng Z, Xi Y, Hu D, Hong Y, Tang B, Wu J, Chen J, Xiao H. Knockdown of programmed cell death factor 4 restores erectile function by attenuating apoptosis in rats with bilateral cavernous nerve crush injury. Andrology 2024. [PMID: 38217461 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis is an important pathologic mechanism of erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy. Studies have shown that programmed cell death factor 4 is connected to the modulation of apoptosis in many cells. However, the programmed cell death factor 4 function in the cavernous nerve injury erectile dysfunction is unclear. OBJECTIVE This investigation aimed to explore the programmed cell death factor 4 function in erectile dysfunction in rats with bilateral cavernous nerve crush. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiment used 30 male Sprague Dawley rats (18 months old) that were screened for normal erectile function by the apomorphine test. Ten rats were randomized into Sham and bilateral cavernous nerve crush groups to detect changes in programmed cell death factor 4 expression. The remaining 20 rats were distributed at random to four groups: the Sham group treated by sham surgery, the phosphate-buffered saline group, the lentivirus containing negative control short hairpin RNA group, and the lentivirus containing short hairpin RNA targeting programmed cell death factor 4 group underwent bilateral cavernous nerve crush and were afterward administered intracavernous injections of phosphate-buffered saline, lentivirus containing negative control short hairpin RNA, or lentivirus containing short hairpin RNA targeting programmed cell death factor 4. Electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve was conducted 2 weeks later for penile erectile function assessment. The cavernous tissue was collected for histological analysis and western blotting. RESULTS The apoptosis level in rat corpus cavernosum was elevated, and programmed cell death factor 4 expression was increased after bilateral cavernous nerve crush. Knockdown of programmed cell death factor 4 significantly improved erectile function in bilateral cavernous nerve crush rats. Furthermore, lentivirus containing short hairpin RNA targeting programmed cell death factor 4 treatment raised smooth muscle content and attenuated cavernous fibrosis and apoptotic levels. Additionally, programmed cell death factor 4 was found to mediate the PI3K/AKT pathway. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Elevated programmed cell death factor 4 expression may be an important pathogenetic mechanism for erectile dysfunction after bilateral cavernous nerve crush, and the knockdown of programmed cell death factor 4 enhanced erectile function in 18-month-old rats after cavernous nerve damage. The potential mechanism may be the stimulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway to attenuate the cavernous apoptosis level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Ge
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zejia Feng
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Xi
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daoyuan Hu
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yude Hong
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Tang
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjie Wu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengjun Xiao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chai L, Wang Q, Wang Y, Li D, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Liu J, Chen H, Qiu Y, Shen N, Wang J, Xie X, Li M. Downregulation of PDCD4 through STAT3/ATF6/autophagy mediates MIF-induced PASMCs proliferation/migration and vascular remodeling. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175968. [PMID: 37549728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
To address the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation, migration and vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH), primary cultured rat PASMCs and monocrotaline (MCT)-induced rats with PH were applied in the present study. The results showed that MIF increased signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, and then stimulated activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) activation, subsequently triggered autophagy activation, which further led to programmed cell death factor 4 (PDCD4) lysosomal degradation, and eventually promoted PASMCs proliferation/migration. In lung tissues of MCT rats, MIF protein expression was elevated, phosphorylation of STAT3 and activation of ATF6 were increased, activation of autophagy was evident, and reduction of PDCD4 was observed. Intervention with MIF inhibitor 4-Iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine (4-IPP), ATF6 blocker melatonin or autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, confirmed the in vitro interaction among MIF, STAT3, ATF6, autophagy and PDCD4 in MCT induced rats with PH. Targeting MIF/STAT3/ATF6/autophagy/PDCD4 axis effectively prevented the development of PH by suppressing PASMCs proliferation and vascular remodeling. In conclusions, we demonstrate that MIF activates the STAT3/ATF6/autophagy cascade and then degrades PDCD4 leading to PASMCs proliferation/migration and pulmonary vascular remodeling, suggesting that intervention this axis might have potential value in management of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Chai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingting Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqian Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Nirui Shen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Song J, Wang J, Liu K, Xu W, Sun T, Liu J. The role of microRNAs in erectile dysfunction: From pathogenesis to therapeutic potential. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1034043. [PMID: 36387873 PMCID: PMC9640492 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1034043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual dysfunction disease, and it was predicted that the number of ED patients worldwide will reach 322 million by 2025. However, the pathogenesis of ED is complex and the current treatment options are still limited, so it is urgent to explore new treatment strategies. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in ED, and these single-stranded non-coding small RNA molecules are involved in key pathophysiological processes in the occurrence and development of ED. Therefore, miRNAs have remarkable potential as therapeutic targets in ED. Here, this review introduces the physiological basis of erectile function and the pathophysiological changes in ED and summarizes the current knowledge on the expression, biological functions, and molecular mechanisms of miRNAs in ED, especially the potential of miRNA-targeted therapies to improve ED. This review will provide a comprehensive view of the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of ED and the potential value of miRNAs in the treatment of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Song
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Taotao Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Soltani S, Mansouri K, Parvaneh S, Thakor AS, Pociot F, Yarani R. Diabetes complications and extracellular vesicle therapy. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:357-385. [PMID: 34647239 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disorder characterized by dysregulated glycemic conditions. Diabetic complications include microvascular and macrovascular abnormalities and account for high morbidity and mortality rates in patients. Current clinical approaches for diabetic complications are limited to symptomatic treatments and tight control of blood sugar levels. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by somatic and stem cells have recently emerged as a new class of potent cell-free therapeutic delivery packets with a great potential to treat diabetic complications. EVs contain a mixture of bioactive molecules and can affect underlying pathological processes in favor of tissue healing. In addition, EVs have low immunogenicity and high storage capacity while maintaining nearly the same regenerative and immunomodulatory effects compared to current cell-based therapies. Therefore, EVs have received increasing attention for diabetes-related complications in recent years. In this review, we provide an outlook on diabetic complications and summarizes new knowledge and advances in EV applications. Moreover, we highlight recommendations for future EV-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Soltani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah, University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahram Parvaneh
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Research Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Avnesh S Thakor
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Reza Yarani
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
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Monayo SM, Liu X. The Prospective Application of Melatonin in Treating Epigenetic Dysfunctional Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:867500. [PMID: 35668933 PMCID: PMC9163742 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.867500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past, different human disorders were described by scientists from the perspective of either environmental factors or just by genetically related mechanisms. The rise in epigenetic studies and its modifications, i.e., heritable alterations in gene expression without changes in DNA sequences, have now been confirmed in diseases. Modifications namely, DNA methylation, posttranslational histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs have led to a better understanding of the coaction between epigenetic alterations and human pathologies. Melatonin is a widely-produced indoleamine regulator molecule that influences numerous biological functions within many cell types. Concerning its broad spectrum of actions, melatonin should be investigated much more for its contribution to the upstream and downstream mechanistic regulation of epigenetic modifications in diseases. It is, therefore, necessary to fill the existing gaps concerning corresponding processes associated with melatonin with the physiological abnormalities brought by epigenetic modifications. This review outlines the findings on melatonin’s action on epigenetic regulation in human diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. It summarizes the ability of melatonin to act on molecules such as proteins and RNAs which affect the development and progression of diseases.
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Different types of cell death in vascular diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4687-4702. [PMID: 34013393 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In a mature organism, tissue homeostasis is regulated by cell division and cell demise as the two major physiological procedures. There is increasing evidence that deregulation of these processes is important in the pathogenicity of main diseases, including myocardial infarction, stroke, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, there are ongoing efforts to discover modulating factors of the cell cycle and cell demise planners aiming at shaping innovative therapeutically modalities to the therapy of such diseases. Although the life of a cell is terminated by several modes of action, a few cell deaths exist-some of which resemble apoptosis and/or necrosis, and most of them are different from one another-that contribute to a wide range of functions to either support or disrupt the homoeostasis. Even in normal physiological conditions, cell life is severe within the cardiovascular system. Cells are persistently undergoing stretch, contraction, injurious metabolic byproducts, and hemodynamic forces, and a few of cells sustain decade-long lifetimes. The duration of vascular disease causes further exposure of vascular cells to a novel range of offences, most of which induce cell death. There is growing evidence on consequences of direct damage to a cell, as well as on responses of adjacent and infiltrating cells, which also have an effect on the pathology. In this study, by focusing on different pathways of cell death in different vascular diseases, an attempt is made to open a new perspective on the therapeutic goals associated with cell death in these diseases.
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Tang Y, Fan W, Zou B, Yan W, Hou Y, Kwabena Agyare O, Jiang Z, Qu S. TGF-β signaling and microRNA cross-talk regulates abdominal aortic aneurysm progression. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 515:90-95. [PMID: 33388307 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are permanent and irreversible local dilatations of the abdominal aortic wall. Recent data indicate that the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway exerts a protective effect on the development of AAA. Some dysregulated microRNAs (miRNA) also appear involved in the expansion of AAA and miRNA-based therapeutics have been shown to effectively inhibit this process. New evidence has revealed that TGF-β signaling and miRNA interaction may of physiologic and pathophysiologic significance including the progression of AAA. As such, miRNA that regulate TGF-β signaling may hold promise as potential therapeutic targets. This review explores potential crosstalk between TGF-β signaling and miRNA in AAA in order improve our understanding of this pathology and explore development of potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Clinic Department, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Wenjing Fan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Bu Zou
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Clinic Department, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Wei Yan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Clinic Department, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Yangfeng Hou
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Clinic Department, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Oware Kwabena Agyare
- International College, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Shunlin Qu
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
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Huo W, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li H. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal microRNA-21-5p downregulates PDCD4 and ameliorates erectile dysfunction in a rat model of diabetes mellitus. FASEB J 2020; 34:13345-13360. [PMID: 32808325 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000102rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common comorbidity in males with diabetes mellitus (DM), whose pathogenesis might be induced by dysregulation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs). Gene Expression Omnibus repository-based analysis identified the differentially expressed PDCD4 in DM rats. PDCD4 has also been determined as a putative gene under the regulatory control of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p). This study aimed to further determine the functional role of miR-21-5p in CCSMCs in a rat model of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED). CCSMCs were isolated from penile cavernous tissue and cultured in high glucose (HG) medium. The expression of miR-21-5p and/or PDCD4 was altered in CCSMCs, as directly or indirectly measured by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and TUNEL assays. Furthermore, exosomes were isolated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transfected with miR-21-5p mimic or miR-21-5p inhibitor and co-cultured with CCSMCs. DMED rats were injected with lentivirus carrying PDCD4/siRNA-PDCD4 plasmids, or exosomes from MSCs containing miR-21-5p-agomir to explore their roles in vivo. The experimental data validated that PDCD4 was upregulated in cavernous tissue of DMED rats. miR-21-5p targeted and inhibited PDCD4. miR-21-5p was enriched in MSC-exosomes. Moreover, PDCD4 downregulation, miR-21-5p elevation or MSC-derived exosomal miR-21-5p reduced apoptosis and enhanced proliferation of CCSMCs cultured in HG medium. PDCD4 silencing or miR-21-5p-containing MSC-exosomes improved erectile function and smooth muscle density in DMED rats. Collectively, our findings suggested that MSC-derived exosomal miR-21-5p suppressed PDCD4 expression and ED in rats with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huo
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
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Lightbody RJ, Taylor JMW, Dempsie Y, Graham A. MicroRNA sequences modulating inflammation and lipid accumulation in macrophage “foam” cells: Implications for atherosclerosis. World J Cardiol 2020; 12:303-333. [PMID: 32843934 PMCID: PMC7415235 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i7.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of macrophage “foam” cells, laden with cholesterol and cholesteryl ester, within the intima of large arteries, is a hallmark of early “fatty streak” lesions which can progress to complex, multicellular atheromatous plaques, involving lipoproteins from the bloodstream and cells of the innate and adaptive immune response. Sterol accumulation triggers induction of genes encoding proteins mediating the atheroprotective cholesterol efflux pathway. Within the arterial intima, however, this mechanism is overwhelmed, leading to distinct changes in macrophage phenotype and inflammatory status. Over the last decade marked gains have been made in understanding of the epigenetic landscape which influence macrophage function, and in particular the importance of small non-coding micro-RNA (miRNA) sequences in this context. This review identifies some of the miRNA sequences which play a key role in regulating “foam” cell formation and atherogenesis, highlighting sequences involved in cholesterol accumulation, those influencing inflammation in sterol-loaded cells, and novel sequences and pathways which may offer new strategies to influence macrophage function within atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard James Lightbody
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom
| | - Janice Marie Walsh Taylor
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom
| | - Yvonne Dempsie
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom
| | - Annette Graham
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom
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Zalewski DP, Ruszel KP, Stępniewski A, Gałkowski D, Bogucki J, Komsta Ł, Kołodziej P, Chmiel P, Zubilewicz T, Feldo M, Kocki J, Bogucka-Kocka A. Dysregulation of microRNA Modulatory Network in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061974. [PMID: 32599769 PMCID: PMC7355415 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal artery aneurysm (AAA) refers to abdominal aortic dilatation of 3 cm or greater. AAA is frequently underdiagnosed due to often asymptomatic character of the disease, leading to elevated mortality due to aneurysm rupture. MiRNA constitute a pool of small RNAs controlling gene expression and is involved in many pathologic conditions in human. Targeted panel detecting altered expression of miRNA and genes involved in AAA would improve early diagnosis of this disease. In the presented study, we selected and analyzed miRNA and gene expression signatures in AAA patients. Next, generation sequencing was applied to obtain miRNA and gene-wide expression profiles from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in individuals with AAA and healthy controls. Differential expression analysis was performed using DESeq2 and uninformative variable elimination by partial least squares (UVE-PLS) methods. A total of 31 miRNAs and 51 genes were selected as the most promising biomarkers of AAA. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis showed good diagnostic ability of proposed biomarkers. Genes regulated by selected miRNAs were determined in silico and associated with functional terms closely related to cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Proposed biomarkers may be used for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in management of AAA. The findings will also contribute to the pool of knowledge about miRNA-dependent regulatory mechanisms involved in pathology of that disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Zalewski
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.P.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Karol P. Ruszel
- Chair of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.P.R.); (J.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Andrzej Stępniewski
- Ecotech Complex Analytical and Programme Centre for Advanced Environmentally Friendly Technologies, University of Marie Curie-Skłodowska, 39 Głęboka St., 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Gałkowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, One Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0019, USA;
| | - Jacek Bogucki
- Chair of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.P.R.); (J.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Łukasz Komsta
- Chair and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4 Jaczewskiego St., 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Kołodziej
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Parasitology, Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Paulina Chmiel
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.P.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Tomasz Zubilewicz
- Chair and Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (T.Z.); (M.F.)
| | - Marcin Feldo
- Chair and Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (T.Z.); (M.F.)
| | - Janusz Kocki
- Chair of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (K.P.R.); (J.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna Bogucka-Kocka
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.P.Z.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-7232
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11
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Cell-free microRNA-21: biomarker for intracranial aneurysm rupture. Chin Neurosurg J 2020; 6:15. [PMID: 32922944 PMCID: PMC7398332 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-020-00195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deregulation of miRNA-21 expression has been reported to be associated with vascular smooth muscle behavior and cytoskeletal stability. This study is aimed to investigate the density of serum miRNA-21 in patients with different phases of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) and explore its warning function for IA rupture. Methods A total of 16 in 200 IA patients were selected and categorized into 4 groups based on the phase of IA. Microarray study was carried out using serum miRNA and differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Another 24 samples from a cohort of 360 patients were added and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on expanded sample size (n = 40) for miRNA-21 validation. Potential gene targets of miRNA-21 were screened out from Gene Ontology (GO) database and literatures. Results Microarray study identified 77 miRNAs with significantly different expression levels between experimental groups and the control group. RT-PCR assays validated significant downregulation of miRNA-21 in experimental groups, among which miRNA-21 expression level of daughter aneurysm group decreased the most. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that several target genes related with miRNA-21 may be involved in IA formation and rupture. Conclusions This study suggested that miRNA-21 had a protective effect for intracranial vascular wall against remodeling and warning function for intracranial aneurysm rupture. Significant suppression of serum miRNA-21 in IA patients may provide diagnostic clues for aneurysm rupture and guide clinical intervention.
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12
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Xia H, Zhao Y. miR-155 is high-expressed in polycystic ovarian syndrome and promotes cell proliferation and migration through targeting PDCD4 in KGN cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:197-205. [PMID: 31851829 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1699826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a typical disease of female endocrine and metabolic abnormalities. miR-155, famous as a multifunctional miRNA, promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of human cancer cells. Therefore, we aimed to explore its regulation mechanism in PCOS. BrdU incorporation and apoptosis assay were used to test KGN cell survival. Luciferase activity experiment was employed to test targeting link between miR-155 and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4). Migration and invasion assay were operated to examine the influence of miR-155 and PDCD4 in migration and invasion of KGN cells. In addition, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay and western blot analysis were utilized to measure expression of miR-155 and other relative factors. We found that expression of miR-155 was high in PCOS patients' tissues and it promoted proliferation, migration and invasion in KGN cells. Further studies found that PDCD4 was down-regulated by miR-155 and was a target of miR-155. Overexpression of PDCD4 promoted cell apoptosis to mitigate PCOS. Besides, up-regulation of PDCD4 suppressed PI3K/AKT and JNK signal pathways. To sum up, miR-155 promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and the activation of PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways in KGN cells through negatively regulating PDCD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjun Xia
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Yaxian Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, No.1 People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, P. R. China
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13
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The Protective Effect of Bosentan against Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Is Mediated by miRNA-21. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8348430. [PMID: 31886257 PMCID: PMC6915145 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8348430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an independent risk factor for plaque instability and is associated with endothelial cell function. Here, we investigated the role of endothelial cell function in the calcification of atherosclerotic plaques. We hypothesized that atherosclerosis would be associated with endothelial dysfunction and that bosentan (Tracleer®), a dual endothelin-receptor antagonist, would preserve endothelial cell function in an apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mouse model of atherosclerosis. Accordingly, 4-6-week-old ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet and treated with bosentan, and the effects of this treatment on body weight and blood lipid concentrations was evaluated. Endothelial damage in the aortic arch was assessed immunohistochemically to detect the proapoptotic proteins PDCD4, caspase-3, and Bax and the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Notably, bosentan treatment was associated with decreased concentrations of these proteins and of blood lipids in ApoE-/- mice. Consistent with these findings, we observed increased concentrations of miRNA-21 and PDCD4 mRNA expression in the aortic arch endothelium after bosentan treatment. We conclude that bosentan can prevent endothelial cell death and protect against atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice by upregulating miRNA-21.
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14
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Li Y, Wang X, Wang X, Wan L, Liu Y, Shi Y, Zhang L, Fang Z, Wei Z. PDCD4 suppresses proliferation, migration, and invasion of endometrial cells by inhibiting autophagy and NF-κB/MMP2/MMP9 signal pathway. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:360-372. [PMID: 29912279 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (EM) is a kind of estrogen-dependent disease in reproductive-age women. Ovarian EM is the most common type. Although EM is a benign disease, it shares many similar features with cancers. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a newly identified tumor suppressor, plays an important role in inhibiting tumorigenesis and tumor progression at the transcriptional and translational levels. To explore the roles of PDCD4 in EM, we detected the expression of PDCD4 in control endometrium and eutopic/ectopic endometrium of ovarian EM patients, and analyzed the effects of PDCD4 on the biological behaviors of endometrial cell lines and primary endometrial cells. The results demonstrated that PDCD4 was downregulated in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of EM patients compared with control endometrium. PDCD4 effectively inhibited the proliferation and colony-forming ability of endometrial cells maybe by inhibiting cell autophagy. In addition, PDCD4 also suppressed the migration and invasion ability of endometrial cells, the mechanism may be related to NF-κB/MMP2/MMP9 signal pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that PDCD4 could be involved in the pathogenesis of EM, and provide a novel approach to target the aberrant PDCD4 expression in EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xishuang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yongyu Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhenghui Fang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zengtao Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
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15
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Liu K, Liu C, Zhang Z. lncRNA GAS5 acts as a ceRNA for miR‐21 in suppressing PDGF‐bb‐induced proliferation and migration in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15233-15240. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kefeng Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Xiangnan University Chenzhou P.R. China
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Xiangnan University Chenzhou P.R. China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou P.R. China
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16
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Zhang Z, Xu P, Yu H, Shi L. Luteolin protects PC-12 cells from H2O2-induced injury by up-regulation of microRNA-21. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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17
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Li Z, Wiernek S, Patterson C, Wang H, Qi G, Dai X. MicroRNA-21 mediates high phosphate-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C830-C838. [PMID: 30257106 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00198.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyperphosphatemia, the elevated level of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in serum, is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidities and mortality. The effects of high Pi on endothelial cells are not well studied. This study investigated high Pi-induced endothelial cell apoptosis and the role of microRNA-21. Mouse myocardial endothelial cells (MEC) were cultured in normal (1 mM) and high (5 mM) Pi conditions. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. MicroRNA profiles of MEC response to changes in Pi concentration were obtained using gene expression arrays. Expression levels of the microRNA-21 target genes, programmed cell death gene 4 ( PDCD4), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase ( PARP), and phosphatase and tensin homolog ( PTEN), as well as NF-κB were measured by Western blotting and RT-PCR. MicroRNA-21-specific inhibitors and mimics were used to study effects of microRNA-21 on MEC apoptosis and gene expression regulations. High Pi induced MEC apoptosis and upregulated microRNA-21 expression. MicroRNA-21-specific mimics reproduced high Pi-induced apoptosis in normal Pi medium, and microRNA-21 inhibitors ameliorated the high Pi induction of apoptosis, suggesting that microRNA-21 mediated high Pi-induced MEC apoptosis. The microRNA-21 targets PDCD4, PTEN, PARP, and NF-κB were significantly downregulated in high Pi conditions. High Pi-induced downregulation of PDCD4 was abolished by microRNA-21 inhibitors and selective ERK inhibitor (selumetinib) and was reproduced by microRNA-21 mimics. Inhibitors and mimics of microRNA-21 did not have effects on high Pi-induced NF-κB downregulation. Selumetinib blocked high Pi-induced NF-κB downregulation. MicroRNA-21 mediates high Pi-induced endothelial cell apoptosis, which involves an ERK1/2/microRNA-21/PDCD4 pathway. High Pi-induced downregulation of NF-κB expression is mediated by an ERK1/2 signaling-dependent but microRNA-21-independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Li
- Division of Cardiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shengyang, China
| | - Szymon Wiernek
- Division of Cardiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Cam Patterson
- Division of Cardiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Huanchen Wang
- Inositol Signaling Group, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Guoxian Qi
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shengyang, China
| | - Xuming Dai
- Division of Cardiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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18
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Wang R, Zhou S, Wu P, Li M, Ding X, Sun L, Xu X, Zhou X, Zhou L, Cao C, Fei G. Identifying Involvement of H19-miR-675-3p-IGF1R and H19-miR-200a-PDCD4 in Treating Pulmonary Hypertension with Melatonin. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:44-54. [PMID: 30240970 PMCID: PMC6146608 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The aim of this study was to characterize the therapeutic role of melatonin as well as the underlying molecular mechanism (its effects on the expression of H19 and its downstream signaling pathways) in the treatment of PAH. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the expression of H19, miR-200a, miR-675, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R), and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4). The value of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) and the ratio of medial thickening in the monocrotaline (MCT) group were increased, whereas the melatonin treatment could decrease these values to some extent. The weights of RV (right ventricle), LV (left ventricle) + IVS (interventricular septal), and RV/(LV + IVS) in the MCT group were much higher than those in the MCT + melatonin and control groups. In addition, the expression of H19, miR-675, IGF1R mRNA, and IGF1R protein in the MCT group was the highest, whereas their expression in the control group was the lowest. The expression of miR-200, PDCD4 mRNA, and PDCD4 protein in the MCT group was the lowest, whereas their expression in the control group was the highest. Furthermore, H19 directly suppressed the expression of miR-200a, whereas miR-675-3p and miR-200a directly inhibited the expression of IGF1R and PDCD4, respectively. Finally, melatonin treatment inhibited cell proliferation; upregulated the expression of H19, miR-675-3p, and PDCD4; and downregulated the expression of miR-200a and IGF1R. This study demonstrated the role of H19-miR-675-3p-IGF1R- and H19-miR-200a-PDCD4-signaling pathways in the melatonin treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Sijing Zhou
- Hefei Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xing Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90015, USA
| | - Xuexin Zhou
- The First Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Luqian Zhou
- The First Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Guanghe Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
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19
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Spin JM, Li DY, Maegdefessel L, Tsao PS. Non-coding RNAs in aneurysmal aortopathy. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 114:110-121. [PMID: 29909014 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms represent a major public health burden, and currently have no medical treatment options. The pathophysiology behind these aneurysms is complex and variable, depending on location and underlying cause, and generally involves progressive dysfunction of all elements of the aortic wall. Changes in smooth muscle behavior, endothelial signaling, extracellular matrix remodeling, and to a variable extent inflammatory signaling and cells, all contribute to the dilation of the aorta, ultimately resulting in high mortality and morbidity events including dissection and rupture. A large number of researchers have identified non-coding RNAs as crucial regulators of aortic aneurysm development, both in humans and in animal models. While most work to-date has focused on microRNAs, intriguing information has also begun to emerge regarding the role of long-non-coding RNAs. This review summarizes the currently available data regarding the involvement of non-coding RNAs in aneurysmal aortopathies. Going forward, these represent key potential therapeutic targets that might be leveraged in the future to slow or prevent aortic aneurysm formation, progression and rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Spin
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Y Li
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Vascular Biology Unit, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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20
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Huang X, Yue Z, Wu J, Chen J, Wang S, Wu J, Ren L, Zhang A, Deng P, Wang K, Wu C, Ding X, Ye P, Xia J. MicroRNA-21 Knockout Exacerbates Angiotensin II–Induced Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection in Mice With Abnormal Transforming Growth Factor-β–SMAD3 Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) are severe vascular conditions. Dysfunctional transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells and elevated angiotensin II (AngII) levels are implicated in the development of TAAD. In this study, we investigated whether these 2 factors lead to TAAD in a mouse model and explored the possibility of using microRNA-21 (
miR-21
) for the treatment of TAAD.
Approach and Results—
TAAD was developed in
Smad3
(mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) heterozygous (S3
+/−
) mice infused with AngII. We found that p-ERK (phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases)– and p-JNK (phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase)–associated
miR-21
was higher in TAAD lesions. We hypothesize that downregulation of
miR-21
mitigate TAAD formation. However,
Smad3
+/−
:miR-21
−/−
(S3
+/−
21
−/−
) mice exhibited conspicuous TAAD formation after AngII infusion. The vascular wall was dilated, and aortic rupture occurred within 23 days during AngII infusion. We then examined canonical and noncanonical TGF-β signaling and found that
miR-21
knockout in S3
+/−
mice increased SMAD7 and suppressed canonical TGF-β signaling. Vascular smooth muscle cells lacking TGF-β signals tended to switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. The silencing of
Smad7
with lentivirus prevented AngII-induced TAAD formation in S3
+/−
21
−/−
mice.
Conclusions—
Our study demonstrated that
miR-21
knockout exacerbated AngII-induced TAAD formation in mice, which was associated with TGF-β signaling dysfunction. Therapeutic strategies targeting TAAD should consider unexpected side effects associated with alterations in TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Huang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
| | - Zhang Yue
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
| | - Jia Wu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan (J.W.)
| | - Jiuling Chen
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
| | - Sihua Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital (S.W.)
| | - Jie Wu
- Central Laboratory, Central Hospital of Wuhan (J.W.)
| | - Linyun Ren
- Department of Anesthesia, Central Hospital of Wuhan (L.R.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anchen Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital of Wuhan (A.Z., P.Y.)
| | - Peng Deng
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
| | - Ke Wang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
| | - Chuangyan Wu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
| | - Xiangchao Ding
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital of Wuhan (A.Z., P.Y.)
| | - Jiahong Xia
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital (X.H., Z.Y., J.C., J.W., P.D., K.W., C.W., X.D., J.X.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Central Hospital of Wuhan (J.X.)
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21
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He Y, Cheng Y, Chen M, Shi L, Chen T, Chen H, Zhang X. MicroRNA-21-5p antagonizes oxidant-mediated apoptosis in alveolar epithelial type II cells by targeting PDCD4. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:10315-10324. [PMID: 31966366 PMCID: PMC6965771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a condition characterized by acute inflammation in the lungs. Apoptosis of alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells contributes to the initiation and progression of the disease. miRNAs are tightly regulated and their dysregulation plays an important role in human diseases. One such miRNA, miR-21 is shown to be involved in several different diseases. However, its role in ARDS is still not known. Here, we hypothesize that miR-21-5p inhibits apoptosis in ATII cells and protects against ARDS. In the present study, 50 μM H2O2 was used to induce ATII cell damage to simulate ARDS in vitro. CCK-8 assay was performed to detect cell proliferation and flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. A dual-luciferase assay was performed to confirm whether miR-21 directly targeted the programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) mRNA. Here, we found that ATII cell apoptosis increased after treatment with 0.5 mM H2O2. Overexpression of miR-21 or knockdown of PDCD4 promoted ATII cell proliferation and inhibited ATII cell apoptosis after treatment with H2O2. We further confirmed that miR-21 regulates PDCD4 expression by targeting its three prime untranslated region (3'-UTR). Our results suggest that miR-21 potentially antagonizes oxidant-mediated apoptosis in alveolar epithelial type II cells. These findings provide new insights in understanding the process of ARDS and also provide a potential target for the treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Department of Emergency, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Huajun Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Obsteteics, Qingdao Women and Children’s HospitalNo.6 Tongfu Road, North District, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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22
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Li Y, Maegdefessel L. Non-coding RNA Contribution to Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Disease Development and Progression. Front Physiol 2017; 8:429. [PMID: 28670289 PMCID: PMC5472729 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple research groups have started to uncover the complex genetic and epigenetic machinery necessary to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. In particular, the key contribution of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating gene expression has recently received great attention. Aneurysms in varying locations of the aorta are defined as permanent dilations, predisposing to the fatal consequence of rupture. The characteristic pathology of an aneurysm is characterized by progressive vessel wall dilation, promoted by dying vascular smooth muscle cells and limited proliferation, as well as impaired synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix components, which at least partially is the result of transmural inflammation and its disruptive effect on vessel wall homeostasis. Currently no conservative pharmacological approach exists that could slow down aneurysm progression and protect from the risk of acute rupture. In the recent past, several non-coding RNAs (mainly microRNAs) have been discovered as being involved in aneurysm progression throughout varying locations of the aorta. Exploring ncRNAs as key regulators and potential therapeutic targets by using antisense oligonucleotide strategies could open up promising opportunities for patients in the near future. Purpose of this current review is to summarize current findings and novel concepts of perspectivly utilizing ncRNAs for future therapeutic and biomarker applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuang Li
- Vascular Biology Unit, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technical University of MunichMunich, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Vascular Biology Unit, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technical University of MunichMunich, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
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Green DE, Murphy TC, Kang BY, Bedi B, Yuan Z, Sadikot RT, Hart CM. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ enhances human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell apoptosis through microRNA-21 and programmed cell death 4. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L371-L383. [PMID: 28522568 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00532.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder whose cellular pathogenesis involves enhanced smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and resistance to apoptosis signals. Existing evidence demonstrates that the tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) affects patterns of cell growth and repair responses in the systemic vasculature following experimental injury. In the current study, the regulation PDCD4 and its functional effects on growth and apoptosis susceptibility in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were explored. We previously demonstrated that pharmacological activation of the nuclear transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) attenuated hypoxia-induced proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) by inhibiting the expression and mitogenic functions of microRNA-21 (miR-21). In the current study, we hypothesize that PPARγ stimulates PDCD4 expression and HPASMC apoptosis by inhibiting miR-21. Our findings demonstrate that PDCD4 is reduced in the mouse lung upon exposure to chronic hypoxia (10% O2 for 3 wk) and in hypoxia-exposed HPASMCs (1% O2). HPASMC apoptosis was reduced by hypoxia, by miR-21 overexpression, or by siRNA-mediated PPARγ and PDCD4 depletion. Activation of PPARγ inhibited miR-21 expression and resultant proliferation, while restoring PDCD4 levels and apoptosis to baseline. Additionally, pharmacological activation of PPARγ with rosiglitazone enhanced PDCD4 protein expression and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner as demonstrated by increased annexin V detection by flow cytometry. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PPARγ confers growth-inhibitory signals in hypoxia-exposed HPASMCs through suppression of miR-21 and the accompanying derepression of PDCD4 that augments HPASMC susceptibility to undergo apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Green
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tamara C Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bum-Yong Kang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brahmchetna Bedi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhihong Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ruxana T Sadikot
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - C Michael Hart
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Liang X, Xu Z, Yuan M, Zhang Y, Zhao B, Wang J, Zhang A, Li G. MicroRNA-16 suppresses the activation of inflammatory macrophages in atherosclerosis by targeting PDCD4. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:967-75. [PMID: 26936421 PMCID: PMC4790696 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is involved in a number of bioprocesses, such as apoptosis and inflammation. However, its regulatory mechanisms in atherosclerosis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanisms of action of PDCD4 in high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice and in foam cells (characteristic pathological cells in atherosclerotic lesions) derived from ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages. MicroRNA (miR)-16 was predicted to bind PDCD4 by bioinformatics analysis. In the mice with atherosclerosis and in the foam cells, PDCD4 protein expression (but not the mRNA expression) was enhanced, while that of miR-16 was reduced. Transfection with miR-16 mimic decreased the activity of a luciferase reporter containing the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of PDCD4 in the macrophage-derived foam cells. Conversely, treatment with miR-16 inhibitor enhanced the luciferase activity. However, by introducing mutations in the predicted binding site located in the 3′UTR of PDCD4, the miR-16 mimic and inhibitor were unable to alter the level of PDCD4, suggesting that miR-16 is a direct negative regulator of PDCD4 in atherosclerosis. Furthermore, transfection wtih miR-16 mimic and siRNA targeting PDCD4 suppressed the secretion and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory factors, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), whereas it enhanced the secretion and mRNA expression of the anti-inflammatory factor, IL-10. Treatment with miR-16 inhibitor exerted the opposite effects. In addition, the phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression were altered by miR-16. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the targeting of PDCD4 by miR-16 may suppress the activation of inflammatory macrophages though mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB signaling in atherosclerosis; thus, PDCD4 may prove to be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Junqian Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Aixue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Guangping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
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Wang T, Long S, Zhao N, Wang Y, Sun H, Zou Z, Wang J, Ran X, Su Y. Cell Density-Dependent Upregulation of PDCD4 in Keratinocytes and Its Implications for Epidermal Homeostasis and Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 17:ijms17010008. [PMID: 26703592 PMCID: PMC4730255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is one multi-functional tumor suppressor inhibiting neoplastic transformation and tumor invasion. The role of PDCD4 in tumorigenesis has attracted more attention and has been systematically elucidated in cutaneous tumors. However, the normal biological function of PDCD4 in skin is still unclear. In this study, for the first time, we find that tumor suppressor PDCD4 is uniquely induced in a cell density-dependent manner in keratinocytes. To determine the potential role of PDCD4 in keratinocyte cell biology, we show that knockdown of PDCD4 by siRNAs can promote cell proliferation in lower cell density and partially impair contact inhibition in confluent HaCaT cells, indicating that PDCD4 serves as an important regulator of keratinocytes proliferation and contact inhibition in vitro. Further, knockdown of PDCD4 can induce upregulation of cyclin D1, one key regulator of the cell cycle. Furthermore, the expression patterns of PDCD4 in normal skin, different hair cycles and the process of wound healing are described in detail in vivo, which suggest a steady-state regulatory role of PDCD4 in epidermal homeostasis and wound healing. These findings provide a novel molecular mechanism for keratinocytes’ biology and indicate that PDCD4 plays a role in epidermal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Shuang Long
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Na Zhao
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Huiqin Sun
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Zhongmin Zou
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Junping Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xinze Ran
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Yongping Su
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Reducing In-Stent Restenosis: Therapeutic Manipulation of miRNA in Vascular Remodeling and Inflammation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65:2314-27. [PMID: 26022821 PMCID: PMC4444526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.03.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Drug-eluting stents reduce the incidence of in-stent restenosis, but they result in delayed arterial healing and are associated with a chronic inflammatory response and hypersensitivity reactions. Identifying novel interventions to enhance wound healing and reduce the inflammatory response may improve long-term clinical outcomes. Micro–ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are noncoding small ribonucleic acids that play a prominent role in the initiation and resolution of inflammation after vascular injury. Objectives This study sought to identify miRNA regulation and function after implantation of bare-metal and drug-eluting stents. Methods Pig, mouse, and in vitro models were used to investigate the role of miRNA in in-stent restenosis. Results We documented a subset of inflammatory miRNAs activated after stenting in pigs, including the miR-21 stem loop miRNAs. Genetic ablation of the miR-21 stem loop attenuated neointimal formation in mice post-stenting. This occurred via enhanced levels of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages coupled with an impaired sensitivity of smooth muscle cells to respond to vascular activation. Conclusions MiR-21 plays a prominent role in promoting vascular inflammation and remodeling after stent injury. MiRNA-mediated modulation of the inflammatory response post-stenting may have therapeutic potential to accelerate wound healing and enhance the clinical efficacy of stenting.
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Abstract
An aortic aneurysm (AA) is a common disease with potentially life-threatening complications. Despite significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of AA, the associated morbidity and mortality remain high. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are small noncoding ribonucleic acids that negatively regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by inhibiting mRNA translation or promoting mRNA degradation. miRNAs are recently reported to be critical modulators for vascular cell functions such as cell migration, contraction, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Increasing evidences suggest crucial roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arterial hypertension, and cardiac arrhythmias. Recently, some miRNAs, such as miR-24, miR-155, miR-205, miR-712, miR-21, miR-26a, miR-143/145, miR-29, and miR-195, have been demonstrated to be differentially expressed in the diseased aortic tissues and strongly associated with the development of AA. In the present paper, we reviewed the recent available literature regarding the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of AA. Moreover, we discuss the potential use of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and novel targets for development of effective therapeutic strategies for AA.
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Ge C, Song J, Chen L, Wang L, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhang M. Atheroprotective pulsatile flow induces ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation of programmed cell death 4 in endothelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91564. [PMID: 24626527 PMCID: PMC3953479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We recently found low level of tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) associated with reduced atherosclerotic plaque area (unpublished). We investigated whether atheroprotective unidirectional pulsatile shear stress affects the expression of PDCD4 in endothelial cells. Methods and Results En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. Application of unidirectional pulsatile shear stress to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) decreased PDCD4 protein but not mRNA level. Immunoprecipitation revealed that pulsatile shear stress induced the coupling of ubiquitin with PDCD4 expression. The phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway was involved in this ubiquitin-proteasome–mediated degradation of PDCD4. Gain of function and loss of function experiments showed that PDCD4 induced turnover (proliferation and apoptosis) of HUVECs. Low PDCD4 level was associated with reduced proliferation but not apoptosis or phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase caused by pulsatile shear stress to help maintain the homeostasis of endothelial cells. Conclusions Pulsatile shear stress induces ubiquitin-proteasome–mediated degradation of PDCD4 via a PI3K/Akt pathway in HUVECs. PDCD4 induces turnover (proliferation and apoptosis) of HUVECs. Low PDCD4 level is associated with reduced proliferation for maintenance of HUVEC homeostasis under pulsatile shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ge
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiantao Song
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Emergency, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Downregulation of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in tumorigenesis and progression of human digestive tract cancers. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:3879-85. [PMID: 23838800 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, digestive tract cancers become the commonest neoplasia and one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. The development of diagnosis and therapy is urgently required. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a new tumor suppressor, has been documented to be a potential diagnostic tool and treatment target for neoplasia due to the inhabitation of tumor promotion/progression and metastasis. However, its role in human digestive tract cancers is few available up to now. In this study, we examined the expression of PDCD4 in human digestive tract cancers (61 gastric cancer, 65 colorectal cancer, and 69 pancreatic cancer patients) by Western blot analysis, reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Western blot, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry examination showed that expressions of PDCD4 were significantly lower in cancers specimens than in noncancerous tissues. Among the different differentiated cancer tissues, PDCD4 expression was significantly lower in moderately or poorly differentiated cancers than in well-differentiated cancers (p < 0.05). Our findings suggested that PDCD4 might be a potentially valuable molecular target in diagnosis and therapy for human digestive tract cancers.
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McDonald RA, White KM, Wu J, Cooley BC, Robertson KE, Halliday CA, McClure JD, Francis S, Lu R, Kennedy S, George SJ, Wan S, van Rooij E, Baker AH. miRNA-21 is dysregulated in response to vein grafting in multiple models and genetic ablation in mice attenuates neointima formation. Eur Heart J 2013; 34:1636-43. [PMID: 23530023 PMCID: PMC3675389 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The long-term failure of autologous saphenous vein bypass grafts due to neointimal thickening is a major clinical burden. Identifying novel strategies to prevent neointimal thickening is important. Thus, this study aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that are dysregulated during neointimal formation and determine their pathophysiological relevance following miRNA manipulation. Methods and results We undertook a microarray approach to identify dysregulated miRNAs following engraftment in an interpositional porcine graft model. These profiling experiments identified a number of miRNAs which were dysregulated following engraftment. miR-21 levels were substantially elevated following engraftment and these results were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR in mouse, pig, and human models of vein graft neointimal formation. Genetic ablation of miR-21 in mice or grafted veins dramatically reduced neointimal formation in a mouse model of vein grafting. Furthermore, pharmacological knockdown of miR-21 in human veins resulted in target gene de-repression and a significant reduction in neointimal formation. Conclusion This is the first report demonstrating that miR-21 plays a pathological role in vein graft failure. Furthermore, we also provided evidence that knockdown of miR-21 has therapeutic potential for the prevention of pathological vein graft remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A McDonald
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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Maegdefessel L, Azuma J, Toh R, Deng A, Merk DR, Raiesdana A, Leeper NJ, Raaz U, Schoelmerich AM, McConnell MV, Dalman RL, Spin JM, Tsao PS. MicroRNA-21 blocks abdominal aortic aneurysm development and nicotine-augmented expansion. Sci Transl Med 2012; 4:122ra22. [PMID: 22357537 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Identification and treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains among the most prominent challenges in vascular medicine. MicroRNAs are crucial regulators of cardiovascular pathology and represent possible targets for the inhibition of AAA expansion. We identified microRNA-21 (miR-21) as a key modulator of proliferation and apoptosis of vascular wall smooth muscle cells during development of AAA in two established murine models. In both models (AAA induced by porcine pancreatic elastase or infusion of angiotensin II), miR-21 expression increased as AAA developed. Lentiviral overexpression of miR-21 induced cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis in the aortic wall, with protective effects on aneurysm expansion. miR-21 overexpression substantially decreased expression of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein, leading to increased phosphorylation and activation of AKT, a component of a pro-proliferative and antiapoptotic pathway. Systemic injection of a locked nucleic acid-modified antagomir targeting miR-21 diminished the pro-proliferative impact of down-regulated PTEN, leading to a marked increase in the size of AAA. Similar results were seen in mice with AAA augmented by nicotine and in human aortic tissue samples from patients undergoing surgical repair of AAA (with more pronounced effects observed in smokers). Modulation of miR-21 expression shows potential as a new therapeutic option to limit AAA expansion and vascular disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Maegdefessel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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SHANG YUANYUAN, FANG NINGNING, WANG FENG, WANG HUI, WANG ZHIHAO, TANG MENGXIONG, PENG JIE, ZHANG YUN, ZHANG WEI, ZHONG MING. MicroRNA-21, induced by high glucose, modulates macrophage apoptosis via programmed cell death 4. Mol Med Rep 2012; 12:463-9. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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