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Multifaceted Interweaving Between Extracellular Matrix, Insulin Resistance, and Skeletal Muscle. Cells 2018; 7:cells7100148. [PMID: 30249008 PMCID: PMC6211053 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle provides movement and support to the skeleton, controls body temperature, and regulates the glucose level within the body. This is the core tissue of insulin-mediated glucose uptake via glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides integrity and biochemical signals and plays an important role in myogenesis. In addition, it undergoes remodeling upon injury and/or repair, which is also related to insulin resistance (IR), a major cause of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Altered signaling of integrin and ECM remodeling in diet-induced obesity is associated with IR. This review highlights the interweaving relationship between the ECM, IR, and skeletal muscle. In addition, the importance of the ECM in muscle integrity as well as cellular functions is explored. IR and skeletal muscle ECM remodeling has been discussed in clinical and nonclinical aspects. Furthermore, this review considers the role of ECM glycation and its effects on skeletal muscle homeostasis, concentrating on advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as an important risk factor for the development of IR. Understanding this complex interplay between the ECM, muscle, and IR may improve knowledge and help develop new ideas for novel therapeutics for several IR-associated myopathies and diabetes.
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Saharinen P, Eklund L, Alitalo K. Therapeutic targeting of the angiopoietin-TIE pathway. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017; 16:635-661. [PMID: 28529319 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The endothelial angiopoietin (ANG)-TIE growth factor receptor pathway regulates vascular permeability and pathological vascular remodelling during inflammation, tumour angiogenesis and metastasis. Drugs that target the ANG-TIE pathway are in clinical development for oncological and ophthalmological applications. The aim is to complement current vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-based anti-angiogenic therapies in cancer, wet age-related macular degeneration and macular oedema. The unique function of the ANG-TIE pathway in vascular stabilization also renders this pathway an attractive target in sepsis, organ transplantation, atherosclerosis and vascular complications of diabetes. This Review covers key aspects of the function of the ANG-TIE pathway in vascular disease and describes the recent development of novel therapeutics that target this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pipsa Saharinen
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauri Eklund
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Aapistie 5A, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Isidori AM, Venneri MA, Fiore D. Angiopoietin-1 and Angiopoietin-2 in metabolic disorders: therapeutic strategies to restore the highs and lows of angiogenesis in diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:1235-1246. [PMID: 27344309 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of diabetes mellitus are mostly attributed to cardiovascular complications. Despite tremendous advancement in glycemic control, anti-diabetic medications have failed to revert vascular impairment once triggered by the metabolic disorder. The angiogenic growth factors, Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), are crucial regulators of vessel formation and maintenance starting with embryonic development and continuing through life. In mature vessels, angiopoietins control vascular permeability, inflammation and remodeling. A crucial role of angiopoietins is to drive vascular inflammation from the active to the quiescent state, enabling restoration of tissue homeostasis. The mechanism is of particular importance for healing and repair after damage, two conditions typically impaired in metabolic disorders. There is an emerging body of evidences suggesting that the imbalance of Ang1 and Ang2 regulation, leading to an increased Ang2/Ang1 ratio, represents a culprit of the vascular alterations of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Pharmacological modulation of Ang1 or Ang2 actions may help prevent or delay the onset of diabetic vascular complications by restoring vessel function, favoring tissue repair and maintaining endothelial quiescence. In this review, we present a summary of the role of Ang1 and Ang2, their involvement in diabetic complications, and novel therapeutic strategies targeting angiopoietins to ameliorate vascular health in metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - M A Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - D Fiore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Puig-Oliveras A, Ramayo-Caldas Y, Corominas J, Estellé J, Pérez-Montarelo D, Hudson NJ, Casellas J, Folch JM, Ballester M. Differences in muscle transcriptome among pigs phenotypically extreme for fatty acid composition. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99720. [PMID: 24926690 PMCID: PMC4057286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides having an impact on human health, the porcine muscle fatty acid profile determines meat quality and taste. The RNA-Seq technologies allowed us to explore the pig muscle transcriptome with an unprecedented detail. The aim of this study was to identify differentially-expressed genes between two groups of 6 sows belonging to an Iberian × Landrace backcross with extreme phenotypes according to FA profile. RESULTS We sequenced the muscle transcriptome acquiring 787.5 M of 75 bp paired-end reads. About 85.1% of reads were mapped to the reference genome. Of the total reads, 79.1% were located in exons, 6.0% in introns and 14.9% in intergenic regions, indicating expressed regions not annotated in the reference genome. We identified a 34.5% of the intergenic regions as interspersed repetitive regions. We predicted a total of 2,372 putative proteins. Pathway analysis with 131 differentially-expressed genes revealed that the most statistically-significant metabolic pathways were related with lipid metabolism. Moreover, 18 of the differentially-expressed genes were located in genomic regions associated with IMF composition in an independent GWAS study in the same genetic background. Thus, our results indicate that the lipid metabolism of FAs is differently modulated when the FA composition in muscle differs. For instance, a high content of PUFA may reduce FA and glucose uptake resulting in an inhibition of the lipogenesis. These results are consistent with previous studies of our group analysing the liver and the adipose tissue transcriptomes providing a view of each of the main organs involved in lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in the muscle transcriptome analysis increase the knowledge of the gene regulation of IMF deposition, FA profile and meat quality, in terms of taste and nutritional value. Besides, our results may be important in terms of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Puig-Oliveras
- Departament de Genètica Animal, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas
- Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative UMR1313 (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jordi Corominas
- Departament de Genètica Animal, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Estellé
- Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative UMR1313 (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative UMR1313 (GABI), AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et Etude du Génome (LREG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Dafne Pérez-Montarelo
- Departamento de Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicholas J. Hudson
- Computational and Systems Biology, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Animal, Food and Health SciencesQLD, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Joaquim Casellas
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologies Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Lleida, Spain
| | - Josep M. Folch
- Departament de Genètica Animal, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Maria Ballester
- Departament de Genètica Animal, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
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Song F, Hurtado del Pozo C, Rosario R, Zou YS, Ananthakrishnan R, Xu X, Patel PR, Benoit VM, Yan SF, Li H, Friedman RA, Kim JK, Ramasamy R, Ferrante AW, Schmidt AM. RAGE regulates the metabolic and inflammatory response to high-fat feeding in mice. Diabetes 2014; 63:1948-65. [PMID: 24520121 PMCID: PMC4030112 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, changes in the metabolic state, including obesity, fasting, cold challenge, and high-fat diets (HFDs), activate complex immune responses. In many strains of rodents, HFDs induce a rapid systemic inflammatory response and lead to obesity. Little is known about the molecular signals required for HFD-induced phenotypes. We studied the function of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the development of phenotypes associated with high-fat feeding in mice. RAGE is highly expressed on immune cells, including macrophages. We found that high-fat feeding induced expression of RAGE ligand HMGB1 and carboxymethyllysine-advanced glycation end product epitopes in liver and adipose tissue. Genetic deficiency of RAGE prevented the effects of HFD on energy expenditure, weight gain, adipose tissue inflammation, and insulin resistance. RAGE deficiency had no effect on genetic forms of obesity caused by impaired melanocortin signaling. Hematopoietic deficiency of RAGE or treatment with soluble RAGE partially protected against peripheral HFD-induced inflammation and weight gain. These findings demonstrate that high-fat feeding induces peripheral inflammation and weight gain in a RAGE-dependent manner, providing a foothold in the pathways that regulate diet-induced obesity and offering the potential for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Carmen Hurtado del Pozo
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Rosa Rosario
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yu Shan Zou
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Radha Ananthakrishnan
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Xiaoyuan Xu
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Payal R Patel
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Vivian M Benoit
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Shi Fang Yan
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Huilin Li
- Departments of Population Health (Biostatistics) and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Richard A Friedman
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resource, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Jason K Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Anthony W Ferrante
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Kwon MJ, Ju TJ, Heo JY, Kim YW, Kim JY, Won KC, Kim JR, Bae YK, Park IS, Min BH, Lee IK, Park SY. Deficiency of clusterin exacerbates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in male mice. Endocrinology 2014; 155:2089-101. [PMID: 24684302 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the role of clusterin in insulin resistance in high fat-fed wild-type and clusterin knockout (KO) mice. The plasma levels of glucose and C-peptide and islet size were increased in clusterin KO mice after an 8-week high-fat diet. In an ip glucose tolerance test, the area under the curve for glucose was not different, whereas the area under the curve for insulin was higher in clusterin KO mice. In a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, the clamp insulin levels were higher in clusterin KO mice after the high-fat diet. After adjusting for the clamp insulin levels, the glucose infusion rate, suppression of hepatic glucose production, and glucose uptake were lower in clusterin KO mice in the high fat-fed group. The plasma levels of clusterin and clusterin mRNA levels in the skeletal muscle and liver were increased by the high-fat diet. The mRNA levels of the antioxidant enzymes were lower, and the mRNA levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) 1 and cytokines and protein carbonylation were higher in the skeletal muscle and liver in clusterin KO mice after the high-fat diet. Palmitate-induced gene expressions of NOX1 and cytokines were higher in the primary cultured hepatocytes of clusterin KO mice compared with the wild-type mice. Clusterin inhibited the gene expression and reactive oxygen species generation by palmitate in the hepatocytes and C2C12. AKT phosphorylation by insulin was reduced in the hepatocytes of clusterin KO mice. These results suggest that clusterin plays a protective role against high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kwon
- Departments of Physiology (M.J.K., T.-j.J., J.-Y.H., Y.-W.K., J.-Y.K., S.-Y.P.), Internal Medicine (K.-C.W.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (J.-R.K.), and Pathology (Y.K.B.) and Aging-Associated Vascular Disease Research Center (T.-j.J., J.-Y.H., J.-R.K., S.-Y.P.), College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 705-703, South Korea; Department of Anatomy (I.-S.P.), College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 400-712, South Korea; Department of Pharmacology (B.-H.M.), College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, South Korea; and Department of Internal Medicine (I.-K.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-712, South Korea
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Kim S, Lee JC, Cho ES, Kwon J. COMP-Ang1 accelerates chondrocyte maturation by decreasing HO-1 expression. J Cell Biochem 2014; 114:2513-21. [PMID: 24030957 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Endochondral ossification is essential for new bone formation and remodeling during the distraction stage. Endochondral ossification is attributed to chondrocyte maturation, which is induced by various factors, such as the cellular environment, gene transcription, and growth factor expression. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP)-angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) is more soluble, stable, and potent than endogenous Ang1, and COMP-Ang1 treatment has osteogenic and angiogenic effects in an in vivo model of bone fracture healing. Although the osteogenic effects of COMP-Ang1 have been demonstrated, the precise mechanism by which COMP-Ang1 induces chondrocyte maturation and triggers endochondral ossification is not understood. Here, we investigated the possible mechanism by which COMP-Ang1 induces chondrocyte maturation. First, using a WST assay, we found that COMP-Ang1 is nontoxic in rat chondrocytes. Then, we isolated total RNA from COMP-Ang1-treated rat chondrocytes, and analyzed the decrease in chondrogenic gene expression and the increase in osteogenic gene expression using real-time RT-PCR. Gene and protein expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which maintains chondrocytes in an immature stage, decreased in a dose-dependent manner upon COMP-Ang1 treatment. To clarify the relationship between HO-1 and COMP-Ang1 in chondrocyte maturation, we used cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPP IX), an HO-1 inducer, and tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP-IX), an HO-1 inhibitor. Treatment with various combinations of CoPP IX, SnPP IX, and COMP-Ang1 confirmed that COMP-Ang1 accelerates chondrocyte maturation by reducing HO-1. In conclusion, our results suggest that COMP-Ang1 accelerates chondrocyte maturation by interacting with HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokho Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Oral Biosciences and BK21 Program, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-156, Republic of Korea
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Ju TJ, Kwon WY, Kim YW, Kim JY, Kim YD, Lee IK, Park SY. Hemin Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Skeletal Muscle in High Fat–Fed Mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2014; 126:115-25. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.14003fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Cao Y. Angiogenesis and vascular functions in modulation of obesity, adipose metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Cell Metab 2013; 18:478-89. [PMID: 24035587 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
White and brown adipose tissues are hypervascularized and the adipose vasculature displays phenotypic and functional plasticity to coordinate with metabolic demands of adipocytes. Blood vessels not only supply nutrients and oxygen to nourish adipocytes, they also serve as a cellular reservoir to provide adipose precursor and stem cells that control adipose tissue mass and function. Multiple signaling molecules modulate the complex interplay between the vascular system and the adipocytes. Understanding fundamental mechanisms by which angiogenesis and vasculatures modulate adipocyte functions may provide new therapeutic options for treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders by targeting the adipose vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Rattigan
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
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12
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Bae SK, Cha HN, Ju TJ, Kim YW, Kim HS, Kim YD, Dan JM, Kim JY, Kim SD, Park SY. Deficiency of inducible nitric oxide synthase attenuates immobilization-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012; 113:114-23. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00431.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) deficiency on skeletal muscle atrophy in single leg-immobilized iNOS knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. The left leg was immobilized for 1 wk, and the right leg was used as the control. Muscle weight and contraction-stimulated glucose uptake were reduced by immobilization in WT mice, which was accompanied with increased iNOS expression in skeletal muscle. Deficiency of iNOS attenuated muscle weight loss and the reduction in contraction-stimulated glucose uptake by immobilization. Phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K was reduced to a similar extent by immobilization in both WT and iNOS KO mice. Immobilization decreased FoxO1 phosphorylation and increased mRNA and protein levels of MuRF1 and atrogin-1 in WT mice, which were attenuated in iNOS KO mice. Aconitase and superoxide dismutase activities were reduced by immobilization in WT mice, and deficiency of iNOS normalized these enzyme activities. Increased nitrotyrosine and carbonylated protein levels by immobilization in WT mice were reversed in iNOS KO mice. Phosphorylation of ERK and p38 was increased by immobilization in WT mice, which was reduced in iNOS KO mice. Immobilization-induced muscle atrophy was also attenuated by an iNOS-specific inhibitor N6-(1-iminoethyl)-l-lysine, and this finding was accompanied by increased FoxO1 phosphorylation and reduced MuRF1 and atrogin-1 levels. These results suggest that deficiency of iNOS attenuates immobilization-induced skeletal muscle atrophy through reduced oxidative stress, and iNOS-induced oxidative stress may be required for immobilization-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hey-Na Cha
- Department of Physiology,
- Aging-Associated Vascular Disease Research Center,
| | - Tae-Jin Ju
- Department of Physiology,
- Aging-Associated Vascular Disease Research Center,
| | | | | | - Yong-Dae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea; and
| | - Jin-Myoung Dan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gumi CHA University Hospital, Gumi, Korea
| | | | | | - So-Young Park
- Department of Physiology,
- Aging-Associated Vascular Disease Research Center,
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Jung YJ, Choi HJ, Lee JE, Lee AS, Kang KP, Lee S, Park SK, Park TS, Jin HY, Lee SY, Kim DH, Kim W. The effects of designed angiopoietin-1 variant on lipid droplet diameter, vascular endothelial cell density and metabolic parameters in diabetic db/db mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 420:498-504. [PMID: 22430141 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome consists of metabolic abnormality with central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance and hypertension. Adipose tissue has been known as a primary site of insulin resistance and its adipocyte size may be correlated with the degree of insulin resistance. A designed angiopoietin-1, COMP-Angiopoietin-1 (COMP-Ang1), mitigated high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. In this study, we examined effects of COMP-Ang1 on adipocyte droplet size, vascular endothelial cell density in adipose tissue and metabolic parameters in db/db mice by administering COMP-Ang1 or LacZ (as a control) adenovirus. Administration of COMP-Ang1 decreased fat droplet diameter in epididymal and abdominal visceral adipocyte and visceral fat content in db/db mice. The density of vascular endothelial cell in adipose tissue was increased in db/db mice after treatment with COMP-Ang1. Serum resistin and tumor necrosis factor-α level was lower after treatment with COMP-Ang1 in db/db mice. COMP-Ang1 caused a restoration of fasting glycemic control in db/db mice and decreased serum insulin level and insulin resistance measured by HOMA index. These findings indicate that COMP-Ang1 regulates adipocyte fat droplet diameter, vascular endothelial cell density and metabolic parameters in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Kosacka J, Nowicki M, Klöting N, Kern M, Stumvoll M, Bechmann I, Serke H, Blüher M. COMP-angiopoietin-1 recovers molecular biomarkers of neuropathy and improves vascularisation in sciatic nerve of ob/ob mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32881. [PMID: 22412941 PMCID: PMC3295786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptin-deficient ob/ob mice are a model of type 2 diabetes induced peripheral neuropathy. Ob/ob mice exhibit obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, and alterations of peripheral nerve fibres and endoneural microvessels. Here we test the hypothesis that cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP)-Ang-1, a soluble and stabile form of Ang-1 which promotes angiogenesis and nerve growth, improves regeneration of nerve fibres and endoneural microvessels in ob/ob mice. METHODS AND FINDINGS COMP-Ang-1 (100 ng/ml) or NaCl were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected into male (N = 184), 3-month old, ob/ob or ob/+ mice for 7 and 21 days. We measured expression of Nf68, GAP43, Cx32, Cx26, Cx43, and TNFα in sciatic nerves using Western blot analysis. To investigate the inflammation in sciatic nerves, numbers of macrophages and T-cells were counted after immunofluorescence staining. In ultrathin section, number of myelinated/non-mylinated nerve fibers, g-ratio, the thickness of Schwann cell basal lamina and microvessel endothelium were investigated. Endoneural microvessels were reconstructed with intracardial FITC injection. Treatment with COMP-Ang-1 over 21 days significantly reduced fasting blood glucose and plasma cholesterol concentrations compared to saline treated ob/ob mice. In addition, COMP-Ang-1 treatment: 1) up-regulated expression of Nf68 and GAP43; 2) improved expression of gap junction proteins including connexin 32 and 26; 3) suppressed the expression of TNFα and Cx43 and 4) led to decreased macrophage and T-cell infiltration in sciatic nerve of ob/ob mice. The significant changes of sciatic nerve ultrastructure were not observed after 21-day long COMP-Ang-1 treatment. COMP-Ang-1 treated ob/ob mice displayed regeneration of small-diameter endoneural microvessels. Effects of COMP-Ang-1 corresponded to increased phosphorylation of Akt and p38 MAPK upon Tie-2 receptor. CONCLUSIONS COMP-Ang-1 recovers molecular biomarkers of neuropathy, promotes angiogenesis and suppresses inflammation in sciatic nerves of ob/ob mice suggesting COMP-Ang-1 as novel treatment option to improve morphologic and protein expression changes associated with diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kosacka
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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Cha HN, Song SE, Kim YW, Kim JY, Won KC, Park SY. Lack of inducible nitric oxide synthase prevents lipid-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance without attenuating cytokine level. J Pharmacol Sci 2012; 117:77-86. [PMID: 22001626 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11093fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined whether deletion of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) could prevent lipid infusion-induced insulin resistance in iNOS-knockout and wild-type mice with the in vivo euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique. Plasma NO metabolites were increased in lipid-infused wild-type mice, while they were not increased in iNOS-knockout mice. Plasma tumor necrosis factor-α levels were increased in both wild-type and iNOS-knockout by lipid-infusion. Lipid infusion reduced glucose infusion rate (GIR) and whole body glucose uptake in wild-type mice, whereas iNOS-knockout mice displayed comparable GIR and whole body glucose uptake compared with the control. In the gastrocnemius, lipid infusion decreased glucose uptake and glycolysis that were accompanied with increased phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and reduced phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinases and serine/threonine kinase Akt. However, lipid infusion did not affect glucose uptake or phosphorylation of these proteins in iNOS-knockout mice. The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines were also increased in the gastrocnemis of wild-type and iNOS-knockout mice by lipid infusion. Nitrotyrosine level in the gastrocnemius was increased in lipid-infused wild-type mice but it was not increased in iNOS-knockout mice. These results suggest that lack of iNOS prevents lipid infusion-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance without attenuating cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Na Cha
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, South Korea
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Wei Q, Liu Z, Fei Y, Peng D, Zuo H, Huang X, Liu Z, Zhang X. Adeno-associated viral vector mediated and cardiac-specific delivery of CD151 gene in ischemic rat hearts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 31:46-51. [PMID: 21336722 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-011-0148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that CD151 gene promoted neovascularization in ischemic heart model. To improve the delivery efficacy and target specificity of CD151 gene to ischemic heart, we generated an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector in which CD151 expression was controlled by the myosin light chain (MLC-2v) promoter to achieve the cardiac-specific expression of CD151 gene in ischemic myocardium and to limit unwanted CD151 expression in extracardiac organs. The function of this vector was examined in rat ischemic myocardium model. The protein expression of CD151 in the ischemic myocardium areas, liver and kidney was confirmed by using Western blot, while the microvessels within ischemic myocardium areas were detected by using immunohistochemistry. The results showed that MLC-2v significantly enhanced the expression of CD151 in ischemic myocardium, but attenuated its expression in other organs. The forced CD151 expression could increase the number of microvessels in the ischemic myocardium. This study demonstrates the AAV-mediated and MLC-2v regulated CD151 gene is highly expressed in the ischemic myocardium and cardiac-specific delivery that is more efficiently targets CD151 to the ischemia myocardium after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yujie Fei
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dan Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Houjuan Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Zhengxiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Cancer Centers, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, 38163, USA
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Adeno associated viral vector-delivered and hypoxia response element-regulated CD151 expression in ischemic rat heart. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011; 32:201-8. [PMID: 21240296 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to improve the delivery efficacy and target specificity of the pro-angiogenic gene CD151 to the ischemic heart. METHODS To achieve the inducible expression of adeno-associated viral (AAV)-delivered CD151 gene in only the ischemic myocardium, we generated an AAV construct in which CD151 expression can be controlled by the hypoxia response element (HRE) sequence from the human Enolase gene. The function of this vector was examined in rat H9C2 cardiac myoblasts and in ischemic rat myocardium. The expression of CD151 in the areas of ischemic myocardium was confirmed at the mRNA level by real-time PCR and on the protein level by Western blot, whereas the CD151 expression in the microvessels within the areas of ischemic myocardium was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS HRE significantly enhances the expression of CD151 under hypoxic conditions or in the ischemic myocardium, and forced CD151 expression increases the number of microvessels in the ischemic myocardium. CONCLUSION The AAV-mediated, HRE regulated delivery of the CD151 gene shows higher expression in the ischemic myocardium and more efficiently targets CD151 to the hypoxic regions after myocardial infarction.
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Park K, Shim E, Choi B, Moon C, Kim S, Kim Y, Kwon C, Joh J, Koh G, Kim S. Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein–Angiopoientin-1 Enhances Angiogenesis of Isolated Islet and Maintains Normoglycemia Following Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:2653-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Park BH, Yoon SJ, Jang KY, Kim MR, Lee HS, Kim KB, Park H, Lee SY, Park HS, Lim ST, Song KJ, Kim JR. COMP-angiopoietin-1 accelerates bone formation during distraction osteogenesis. Bone 2010; 46:1442-8. [PMID: 20149905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During distraction osteogenesis, new and highly vascularized bone is formed, with angiogenesis preceding osteogenesis. We investigated the possibility that COMP-Ang1, an angiogenic factor, may facilitate bone formation. METHODS Rats were divided into three groups. Control rats underwent tibial distraction without treatment. In the two remaining groups, BSA (100 microg) or COMP-Ang1 (100 microg) were injected transcutaneously into the center of the distraction zone. Using radiographic and histologic analyses, we assessed total bone volume, vascular density, and bone mineral density. Total RNA was prepared from regenerated bone and analyzed for osteogenic marker protein expression using real-time RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Bone formation in the distraction gap progressed more quickly in the COMP-Ang1-treated group than in the BSA-treated group. Histological findings and immunostaining of endothelial cells for factor VIII revealed that Comp-Ang1 group animals exhibited higher levels of vascularity. NanoCT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry analyses revealed increased new bone formation along capillaries in the COMP-Ang1 group compared with the BSA group. Runt-related transcription factor 2 and its target genes, including bone sialoprotein, type 1 collagen, osteopontin, and osterix, were significantly upregulated in the COMP-Ang1 group. CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with previous descriptions of the positive relationship between angiogenesis and osteogenesis. In addition, our results suggest the potential use of COMP-Ang1 as a therapeutic agent for treatment of distracted limbs by enhancing angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
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Increased muscle PGC-1alpha expression protects from sarcopenia and metabolic disease during aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:20405-10. [PMID: 19918075 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0911570106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 502] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for metabolic disease and loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, a condition known as sarcopenia. Both conditions present a major health burden to the elderly population. Here, we analyzed the effect of mildly increased PGC-1alpha expression in skeletal muscle during aging. We found that transgenic MCK-PGC-1alpha animals had preserved mitochondrial function, neuromuscular junctions, and muscle integrity during aging. Increased PGC-1alpha levels in skeletal muscle prevented muscle wasting by reducing apoptosis, autophagy, and proteasome degradation. The preservation of muscle integrity and function in MCK-PGC-1alpha animals resulted in significantly improved whole-body health; both the loss of bone mineral density and the increase of systemic chronic inflammation, observed during normal aging, were prevented. Importantly, MCK-PGC-1alpha animals also showed improved metabolic responses as evident by increased insulin sensitivity and insulin signaling in aged mice. Our results highlight the importance of intact muscle function and metabolism for whole-body homeostasis and indicate that modulation of PGC-1alpha levels in skeletal muscle presents an avenue for the prevention and treatment of a group of age-related disorders.
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