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Washio S, Yamauchi T, Sai A. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical and psychological health of female college students in Japan. Nurs Health Sci 2022; 24:634-642. [PMID: 35656780 PMCID: PMC9347817 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The spread of COVID‐19 has dramatically changed our lives. This study aimed to examine the lifestyles of female college students, focusing on physical activity, sleep status, and anxiety status during the pandemic (a state of emergency) in Japan. 184 female college students completed two questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and daily activity log and diet record: 115 and 69 participants before and during the pandemic, respectively. Findings showed a significant decrease in physical activity: physical activity levels fell from “normal” to “low” and the daily step counts decreased by half, from 8671 to 4640. In addition, the results from the questionnaires revealed that half of the participants were at risk of having sleep disturbances, and their cycles became more nocturnal, which may have caused higher anxiety states and lower sleep quality during the pandemic. In addition, anxiety states worsened, with 100% of the participants experiencing high anxiety during the pandemic. Monitoring lifestyle disturbances during the pandemic is needed for the development of interventions to improve health among young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Washio
- Laboratory of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan N-12, W-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Taro Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan N-12, W-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akira Sai
- Laboratory of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan N-12, W-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Trentinaglia MT, Parolini M, Donzelli F, Olper A. Climate change and obesity: A global analysis. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Kim K, Shin D, Jung GU, Lee D, Park SM. Association between sleep duration, fat mass, lean mass and obesity in Korean adults: the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. J Sleep Res 2017; 26:453-460. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyuwoong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Seoul National University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
| | - Doosup Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine; University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine; Tampa FL USA
| | - Go-Un Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Seoul National University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
| | - Donghoon Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Seoul National University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
- Department of Family Medicine; College of Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
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Lynch MM, McCormick Z, Liem B, Jacobs G, Hwang P, Hornby TG, Rydberg L, Roth EJ. Energy Cost of Lower Body Dressing, Pop-Over Transfers, and Manual Wheelchair Propulsion in People with Paraplegia Due to Motor-Complete Spinal Cord Injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2015; 21:140-8. [PMID: 26364283 DOI: 10.1310/sci2102-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy required for able-bodied individuals to perform common activities is well documented, whereas energy associated with daily activities among people with spinal cord injury (SCI) is less understood. OBJECTIVE To determine energy expended during several basic physical tasks specific to individuals with paraplegia due to motor-complete SCI. METHODS Sixteen adults with motor-complete SCI below T2 level and duration of paraplegia greater than 3 months were included. Oxygen consumption (VO2), caloric expenditure, and heart rate were measured at rest and while participants performed lower body dressing (LBD), pop-over transfers (POTs), and manual wheelchair propulsion (MWP) at a self-selected pace. These data were used to calculate energy expenditure in standard metabolic equivalents (METs), as defined by 1 MET = 3.5 mL O2/kg/min, and in SCI METs using the conversion 1 SCI MET = 2.7 mL O2/kg/min. RESULTS VO2 at rest was 3.0 ± 0.9 mL O2/kg/min, which equated to 0.9 ± 0.3 standard METs and 1.1 ± 0.4 SCI METs in energy expenditure. LBD required 3.2 ± 0.7 METs and 4.1 ± 0.9 SCI METs; POTs required 3.4 ± 1.0 METs and 4.5 ± 1.3 SCI METs; and MWP required 2.4 ± 0.6 METs and 3.1 ± 0.7 SCI METs. CONCLUSIONS Resting VO2 for adults with motor-complete paraplegia is 3.0 mL O2/kg/min, which is lower than standard resting VO2 in able-bodied individuals. Progressively more energy is required to perform MWP, LBD, and POTs, respectively. Use of the standard METs formula may underestimate the level of intensity an individual with SCI uses to perform physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan M Lynch
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zachary McCormick
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian Liem
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Geneva Jacobs
- Brooks Rehabilitation Hospital, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Peter Hwang
- Howard A. Rusk Rehabilitation Center, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Thomas George Hornby
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leslie Rydberg
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elliot J Roth
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Zunzer SC, von Duvillard SP, Tschakert G, Mangus B, Hofmann P. Energy expenditure and sex differences of golf playing. J Sports Sci 2013; 31:1045-53. [PMID: 23362842 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2013.764465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess the average physical intensity and energy expenditure during a single round of golf on hilly and flat courses in a heterogeneous group of healthy men and women of varying age and golf handicap. Forty-two males and 24 females completed an incremental cycle-ergometer exercise test to determine exercise performance markers. The heart rate (HR), duration, distance, walking speed, ascent and descent were measured via a global positioning system (GPS)/HR monitor during the game and energy expenditure was calculated. Playing 9 or 18-holes of golf, independent of the golf course design, the average HR was not significantly different between sexes or the subgroups. The intensities were light with respect to the percentage of maximal HR and metabolic equivalents of task (METs). Total energy expenditure of all participants was not significantly different for hilly (834 ± 344 kcal) vs. flat courses (833 ± 295 kcal) whereas male players expended significantly greater energy than female players (926 ± 292 vs. 556 ± 180 kcal), but did not have significantly greater relative energy expenditure (2.8 ± 0.8 vs. 2.2 ± 0.7 METs). As a high volume physical activity, playing golf is suggested to yield health benefits. Since the intensity was well below recommended limits, golf may have health related benefits unrelated to the intensity level of the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Zunzer
- Medical University of Graz, Doctoral School for Lifestyle Related Diseases, Graz, Austria
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Trumpeter NN, Lawman HG, Wilson DK, Pate RR, Van Horn ML, Tate AK. Accelerometry cut points for physical activity in underserved African Americans. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2012; 9:73. [PMID: 22697280 PMCID: PMC3464947 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite their increased use, no studies have examined the validity of Actical accelerometry cut points for moderate physical activity (PA) in underserved (low-income, high-crime), minority populations. The high rates of chronic disease and physical inactivity in these populations likely impact the measurement of PA. There is growing concern that traditionally defined cut points may be too high for older or inactive adults. The present study aimed to determine the self-selected pace associated with instructions to “walk for exercise” and the corresponding accelerometry estimates (e.g., Actical counts/minute) for underserved, African American adults. Method Fifty one participants (61% women) had a mean age of 60.1 (SD = 9.9) and a mean body mass index of 30.5 kg/m2 (SD = 6.0). They performed one seated task, one standing task, and three walking tasks: “strolling”; “walking for exercise”; and “walking in an emergency.” Results The average pace for strolling, walking for exercise, and walking in an emergency were 1.62 miles per hour (mph; SD = .51), 2.51 mph (SD = .53), and 2.86 mph (SD = .58), respectively. The average Actical counts/minute for the five activities were: 4 (SD = 15), 16 (SD = 29), 751 (SD = 591), 2006 (SD = 1095), and 2617 (SD = 1169), respectively. Regression analyses showed that the predicted counts/minute for a pace of 2.0 mph (which is used as the criterion for moderate exercise in this study) was 1075 counts/minute (SEM = 73). Conclusions The cut point associated with subjectively determined moderate PA is similar to those previously published for older adults and extends the use of adjusted cut points to African American populations. These results indicate that accurate cut points can be obtained using this innovative methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevelyn N Trumpeter
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Barnwell College, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
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Dugas LR, Harders R, Merrill S, Ebersole K, Shoham DA, Rush EC, Assah FK, Forrester T, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Luke A. Energy expenditure in adults living in developing compared with industrialized countries: a meta-analysis of doubly labeled water studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 93:427-41. [PMID: 21159791 PMCID: PMC3021434 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.110.007278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an assumption that people in developing countries have a higher total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) than do people in developed nations, but few objective data for this assertion exist. OBJECTIVE We conducted a meta-analysis of TEE and PAL by using data from countries that have a low or middle human development index (HDI) compared with those with a high HDI to better understand how energy-expenditure variables are associated with development status and population differences in body size. DESIGN We performed a literature search for studies in which energy expenditure was measured by using doubly labeled water. Mean data on age, weight, body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)), TEE, and PAL were extracted, and HDI status was assessed. Pooled estimates of the mean effect by sex were obtained, and the extent to which age, weight, HDI status, and year of publication explained heterogeneity was assessed. RESULTS A total of 98 studies (14 studies from low- or middle-HDI countries) that represented 183 cohorts and 4972 individuals were included. Mean (±SE) BMI was lower in countries with a low or middle HDI than in those with a high HDI for both men and women (22.7 ± 1.0 compared with 26.0 ± 0.7, respectively, in men and 24.3 ± 0.7 compared with 26.6 ± 0.4, respectively, in women). In meta-regression models, there was an inverse association of age (P < 0.001) and a positive association of weight (P < 0.001) with TEE for both sexes; there was an association of age only in men with PAL (P < 0.001). There was no association of HDI status with either TEE or PAL. CONCLUSION TEE adjusted for weight and age or PAL did not differ significantly between developing and industrialized countries, which calls into question the role of energy expenditure in the cause of obesity at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara R Dugas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
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Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo summarise the literature on energy requirements and aging.DesignAn analysis and review of published data on components of energy expenditure and total energy expenditure (TEE).SettingData on basal metabolic rate (BMR) and TEE were obtained from the US Institute of Medicine of the National Academies database (all available data from studies published before 2001, collected from 20 researchers willing to provide individual subject results).SubjectsThose individuals from the database who were 20–100 years of age.ResultsTEE and physical activity level (PAL, defined as the ratio of total to resting energy expenditure) declined progressively throughout adult life in both normal weight and overweight men and women. In normal weight individuals (defined as body mass index (BMI) 18.5–25.0 kg m-2) TEE fell by ≈150 kcal per decade, and PAL fell from an average of 1.75 in the second decade of life to 1.28 in the ninth decade. Thermic effect of feeding data from other published studies indicated no consistent change associated with aging.ConclusionsAging is associated with progressive declines in resting and TEE, which have implications for defining dietary energy requirements at different stages of adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan B Roberts
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Abstract
Measurement of energy expenditure in humans is required to assess metabolic needs, fuel utilisation, and the relative thermic effect of different food, drink, drug and emotional components. Indirect and direct calorimetric and non-calorimetric methods for measuring energy expenditure are reviewed, and their relative value for measurement in the laboratory and field settings is assessed. Where high accuracy is required and sufficient resources are available, an open-circuit indirect calorimeter can be used. Open-circuit indirect calorimeters can employ a mask, hood, canopy or room/chamber for collection of expired air. For short-term measurements, mask, hood or canopy systems suffice. Chamber-based systems are more accurate for the long-term measurement of specified activity patterns but behaviour constraints mean they do not reflect real life. Where resources are limited and/or optimum precision can be sacrificed, flexible total collection systems and non-calorimetric methods are potentially useful if the limitations of these methods are appreciated. The use of the stable isotope technique, doubly labelled water, enables total daily energy expenditure to be measured accurately in free-living subjects. The factorial method for combining activity logs and data on the energy costs of activities can also provide detailed information on free-living subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Levine
- Mayo Clinic, Endocrine Research Unit, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.
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Morio B, Hocquette JF, Montaurier C, Boirie Y, Bouteloup-Demange C, McCormack C, Fellmann N, Beaufrère B, Ritz P. Muscle fatty acid oxidative capacity is a determinant of whole body fat oxidation in elderly people. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 280:E143-9. [PMID: 11120668 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.280.1.e143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In sedentary elderly people, a reduced muscle fatty acid oxidative capacity (MFOC) may explain a decrease in whole body fat oxidation. Eleven sedentary and seven regularly exercising subjects (65.6 +/- 4. 5 yr) were characterized for their aerobic fitness [maximal O(2) uptake (VO(2 max))/kg fat free mass (FFM)] and their habitual daily physical activity level [free-living daily energy expenditure divided by sleeping metabolic rate (DEE(FLC)/SMR)]. MFOC was determined by incubating homogenates of vastus lateralis muscle with [1-(14)C]palmitate. Whole body fat oxidation was measured by indirect calorimetry over 24 h. MFOC was 40.4 +/- 14.7 and 44.3 +/- 16.3 nmol palmitate. g wet tissue(-1). min(-1) in the sedentary and regularly exercising individuals, respectively (P = nonsignificant). MFOC was positively correlated with DEE(FLC)/SMR (r = 0.58, P < 0. 05) but not with VO(2 max)/kg FFM (r = 0.35, P = nonsignificant). MFOC was the main determinant of fat oxidation during all time periods including physical activity. Indeed, MFOC explained 19.7 and 30.5% of the variance in fat oxidation during walking and during the alert period, respectively (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MFOC explained 23.0% of the variance in fat oxidation over 24 h (P < 0.05). It was concluded that, in elderly people, MFOC may be influenced more by overall daily physical activity than by regular exercising. MFOC is a major determinant of whole body fat oxidation during physical activities and, consequently, over 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Morio
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, 63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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