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Lehuédé C, Li X, Dauvillier S, Vaysse C, Franchet C, Clement E, Esteve D, Longué M, Chaltiel L, Le Gonidec S, Lazar I, Geneste A, Dumontet C, Valet P, Nieto L, Fallone F, Muller C. Adipocytes promote breast cancer resistance to chemotherapy, a process amplified by obesity: role of the major vault protein (MVP). Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:7. [PMID: 30654824 PMCID: PMC6337862 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinical studies suggest that obesity, in addition to promoting breast cancer aggressiveness, is associated with a decrease in chemotherapy efficacy, although the mechanisms involved remain elusive. As chemotherapy is one of the main treatments for aggressive or metastatic breast cancer, we investigated whether adipocytes can mediate resistance to doxorubicin (DOX), one of the main drugs used to treat breast cancer, and the mechanisms associated. Methods We used a coculture system to grow breast cancer cells with in vitro differentiated adipocytes as well as primary mammary adipocytes isolated from lean and obese patients. Drug cellular accumulation, distribution, and efflux were studied by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and analysis of extracellular vesicles. Results were validated by immunohistochemistry in a series of lean and obese patients with cancer. Results Adipocytes differentiated in vitro promote DOX resistance (with cross-resistance to paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil) in a large panel of human and murine breast cancer cell lines independently of their subtype. Subcellular distribution of DOX was altered in cocultivated cells with decreased nuclear accumulation of the drug associated with a localized accumulation in cytoplasmic vesicles, which then are expelled into the extracellular medium. The transport-associated major vault protein (MVP), whose expression was upregulated by adipocytes, mediated both processes. Coculture with human mammary adipocytes also induced chemoresistance in breast cancer cells (as well as the related MVP-induced DOX efflux) and their effect was amplified by obesity. Finally, in a series of human breast tumors, we observed a gradient of MVP expression, which was higher at the invasive front, where tumor cells are at close proximity to adipocytes, than in the tumor center, highlighting the clinical relevance of our results. High expression of MVP in these tumor cells is of particular interest since they are more likely to disseminate to give rise to chemoresistant metastases. Conclusions Collectively, our study shows that adipocytes induce an MVP-related multidrug-resistant phenotype in breast cancer cells, which could contribute to obesity-related chemoresistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1088-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lehuédé
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France.,Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Xia Li
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France.,Present address: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Stéphanie Dauvillier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Charlotte Vaysse
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France.,Département de Chirurgie Oncologique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Franchet
- Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Emily Clement
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - David Esteve
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélanie Longué
- Département de Biostatistiques, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Léonor Chaltiel
- Département de Biostatistiques, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Le Gonidec
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ikrame Lazar
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Aline Geneste
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM UMR 1052/CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Charles Dumontet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM UMR 1052/CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Nieto
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédérique Fallone
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France.
| | - Catherine Muller
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France.
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Fardel O, Le Vee M, Jouan E, Denizot C, Parmentier Y. Nature and uses of fluorescent dyes for drug transporter studies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1233-51. [PMID: 26050735 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1053462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug transporters are now recognized as major players involved in pharmacokinetics and toxicology. Methods for assessing their activity are important to consider, particularly owing to regulatory requirements with respect to inhibition of drug transporter activity and prediction of drug-drug interactions. In this context, the use of fluorescent-dye-based transport assays is likely to deserve attention. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the nature of fluorescent dye substrates for ATP-binding cassette and solute carrier drug transporters. Their use for investigating drug transporter activity in cultured cells and clinical hematological samples, drug transporter inhibition, drug transporter imaging and drug transport at the organ level are summarized. EXPERT OPINION A wide range of fluorescent dyes is now available for use in various aspects of drug transporter studies. The use of these dyes for transporter analyses may, however, be hampered by classic pitfalls of fluorescence technology, such as quenching. Transporter-independent processes such as passive diffusion of dyes through plasma membrane or dye sequestration into subcellular compartments must also be considered, as well as the redundant handling by various distinct transporters of some fluorescent probes. Finally, standardization of dye-based transport assays remains an important on-going issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Fardel
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET) , UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes , France
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Chang CJ, Lin JF, Chang HH, Lee GA, Hung CF. Lutein protects against methotrexate-induced and reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptotic cell injury of IEC-6 cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72553. [PMID: 24039779 PMCID: PMC3765170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose High-dose chemotherapy using methotrexate (MTX) frequently induces side effects such as mucositis that leads to intestinal damage and diarrhea. Several natural compounds have been demonstrated of their effectiveness in protecting intestinal epithelial cells from these adverse effects. In this paper, we investigated the protection mechanism of lutein against MTX-induced damage in IEC-6 cells originating from the rat jejunum crypt. Methods The cell viability, induced-apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial membrane potential in IEC-6 cells under MTX treatment were examined in the presence or absence of lutein. Expression level of Bcl2, Bad and ROS scavenging enzymes (including SOD, catalase and Prdx1) were detected by quantitative RT-PCR. Results The cell viability of IEC-6 cells exposed to MTX was decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. MTX induces mitochondrial membrane potential loss, ROS generation and caspase 3 activation in IEC-6 cells. The cytotoxicity of MTX was reduced in IEC-6 cells by the 24 h pre-treatment of lutein. We found that pre-treatment of lutein significantly reduces MTX-induced ROS and apoptosis. The expression of SOD was up-regulated by the pre-treatment of lutein in the MTX-treated IEC-6 cells. These results indicated that lutein can protect IEC-6 cells from the chemo-drugs induced damage through increasing ROS scavenging ability. Conclusion The MTX-induced apoptosis of IEC-6 cells was shown to be repressed by the pre-treatment of lutein, which may represent a promising adjunct to conventional chemotherapy for preventing intestinal damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jen Chang
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Fan Lin
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Hsien Chang
- Children's Hospital Informatics Program, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gon-Ann Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Children's Hospital Informatics Program, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Gonçalves P, Gregório I, Martel F. The short-chain fatty acid butyrate is a substrate of breast cancer resistance protein. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 301:C984-94. [PMID: 21775706 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00146.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Butyrate (BT) plays a key role in colonic epithelium homeostasis. The aim of this work was to investigate the possibility of BT being transported by P-glycoprotein (MDR1), multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs), or breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Uptake and efflux of (14)C-BT and (3)H-folic acid were measured in Caco-2, IEC-6, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. mRNA expression of BCRP was detected by RT-PCR. Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation were quantified with the lactate dehydrogenase, sulforhodamine B, and alkaline phosphatase activity assays, respectively. In both IEC-6 cells and Caco-2 cells, no evidence was found for the involvement of either MDR1 or MRPs in (14)C-BT efflux from the cells. In contrast, several lines of evidence support the conclusion that BT is a substrate of both rat and human BCRP. Indeed, BCRP inhibitors reduced (14)C-BT efflux in IEC-6 cells, both BT and BCRP inhibitors significantly decreased the efflux of the known BCRP substrate (3)H-folic acid in IEC-6 cells, and BCRP inhibitors reduced (14)C-BT efflux in the BCRP-expressing MDA-MB-231 cell line. In IEC-6 cells, combination of BT with a BCRP inhibitor significantly potentiated the effect of BT on cell proliferation. The results of this study, showing for the first time that BT is a BCRP substrate, are very important in the context of the high levels of BCRP expression in the human colon and the anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory role of BT at that level. So, interaction of BT with BCRP and with other BCRP substrates/inhibitors is clearly of major importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Klaassen CD, Aleksunes LM. Xenobiotic, bile acid, and cholesterol transporters: function and regulation. Pharmacol Rev 2010; 62:1-96. [PMID: 20103563 PMCID: PMC2835398 DOI: 10.1124/pr.109.002014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 558] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transporters influence the disposition of chemicals within the body by participating in absorption, distribution, and elimination. Transporters of the solute carrier family (SLC) comprise a variety of proteins, including organic cation transporters (OCT) 1 to 3, organic cation/carnitine transporters (OCTN) 1 to 3, organic anion transporters (OAT) 1 to 7, various organic anion transporting polypeptide isoforms, sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide, apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter, peptide transporters (PEPT) 1 and 2, concentrative nucleoside transporters (CNT) 1 to 3, equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT) 1 to 3, and multidrug and toxin extrusion transporters (MATE) 1 and 2, which mediate the uptake (except MATEs) of organic anions and cations as well as peptides and nucleosides. Efflux transporters of the ATP-binding cassette superfamily, such as ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), multidrug resistance proteins (MDR) 1 and 2, bile salt export pump, multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP) 1 to 9, breast cancer resistance protein, and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G members 5 and 8, are responsible for the unidirectional export of endogenous and exogenous substances. Other efflux transporters [ATPase copper-transporting beta polypeptide (ATP7B) and ATPase class I type 8B member 1 (ATP8B1) as well as organic solute transporters (OST) alpha and beta] also play major roles in the transport of some endogenous chemicals across biological membranes. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of these transporters (both rodent and human) with regard to tissue distribution, subcellular localization, and substrate preferences. Because uptake and efflux transporters are expressed in multiple cell types, the roles of transporters in a variety of tissues, including the liver, kidneys, intestine, brain, heart, placenta, mammary glands, immune cells, and testes are discussed. Attention is also placed upon a variety of regulatory factors that influence transporter expression and function, including transcriptional activation and post-translational modifications as well as subcellular trafficking. Sex differences, ontogeny, and pharmacological and toxicological regulation of transporters are also addressed. Transporters are important transmembrane proteins that mediate the cellular entry and exit of a wide range of substrates throughout the body and thereby play important roles in human physiology, pharmacology, pathology, and toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis D Klaassen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160-7417, USA.
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van de Water FM, Boleij JM, Peters JGP, Russel FGM, Masereeuw R. Characterization of P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance proteins in rat kidney and intestinal cell lines. Eur J Pharm Sci 2007; 30:36-44. [PMID: 17088052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2006] [Revised: 08/22/2006] [Accepted: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The activity of P-glycoprotein (Pgp/MDR1/ABCB1) and multidrug resistance proteins (MRP/ABCC) influence the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of many drugs. Few suitable cell lines for the study of drug transport exist. Additional non-human cell lines may help clarify species differences and contribute to the current knowledge of drug transport. The aim of the present study was to characterize three rat epithelial cell lines for transporter expression and activity. Transporter expression was assessed in intestinal IEC-6 and renal GERP and NRK-52E cells using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Pgp and Mrp transport activity were analyzed by measuring calcein accumulation and glutathione-S-bimane efflux, respectively. The three cell lines showed Pgp expression and Pgp-dependent transport, both decreasing with culture time after reaching confluency. Besides Pgp, cells expressed Mrp1, Mrp3, Mrp4, and Mrp5, while Mrp2 and Mrp6 were absent. In addition, they showed temperature- and Mrp-dependent efflux of glutathione-S-bimane. Exposure to a panel of different inhibitors showed that this efflux was probably mediated by Mrp4. In conclusion, the three rat epithelial cell lines investigated showed Pgp and Mrp expression and transport. Mrp dependent transport was most likely mediated by Mrp4. In future, these cell lines may be used as in vitro models to study drug transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke M van de Water
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Ray AS, Cihlar T, Robinson KL, Tong L, Vela JE, Fuller MD, Wieman LM, Eisenberg EJ, Rhodes GR. Mechanism of active renal tubular efflux of tenofovir. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:3297-304. [PMID: 17005808 PMCID: PMC1610069 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00251-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenofovir (TFV) undergoes renal elimination by a combination of glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. While transporter-mediated uptake of TFV from the blood into proximal-tubule cells has been well characterized, comparatively little is known about the efflux system responsible for transporting TFV into the lumen during active tubular secretion. Therefore, members of the ATP-binding cassette family of efflux pumps expressed at the apical side of proximal-tubule cells were studied for the ability to transport TFV. Studies in multiple independent in vitro systems show TFV not to be a substrate for P glycoprotein (Pgp) or multidrug resistance protein type 2 (MRP2). In contrast to Pgp and MRP2, TFV was observed to be a substrate for MRP4. TFV accumulated to fivefold lower levels in MRP4-overexpressing cells, and its accumulation could be increased by an MRP inhibitor. Furthermore, MRP4-overexpressing cells were found to be 2.0- to 2.5-fold less susceptible to cytotoxicity caused by TFV. ATP-dependent uptake of TFV was observed in membrane vesicles containing MRP4 but not in vesicles lacking the transporter. On the basis of these and previous results, the molecular transport pathway for the active tubular secretion of TFV through renal proximal-tubule cells involves uptake from the blood mediated by human organic anion transporters 1 and 3 and efflux into urine by MRP4. A detailed understanding of the molecular mechanism of TFV active tubular secretion will facilitate the assessment of potential renal drug-drug interactions with coadministered agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian S Ray
- Department of Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA 94404, USA.
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Weng XH, Beyenbach KW, Quaroni A. Cultured monolayers of the dog jejunum with the structural and functional properties resembling the normal epithelium. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2005; 288:G705-17. [PMID: 15550553 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00518.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of a culture of the normal mammalian jejunum motivated this work. Isolated crypt cells of the dog jejunum were induced to form primary cultures on Snapwell filters. Up to seven subcultures were studied under the electron microscope and in Ussing chambers. Epithelial markers were identified by RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescent staining. Confluent monolayers exhibit a dense apical brush border, basolateral membrane infoldings, desmosomes, and tight junctions expressing zonula occludens-1, occludin-1, and claudin-3 and -4. In OptiMEM medium fortified with epidermal growth factor, hydrocortisone, and insulin, monolayer transepithelial voltage was -6.8 mV (apical side), transepithelial resistance was 1,050 Omega.cm(2), and short-circuit current (I(sc)) was 8.1 microA/cm(2). Transcellular and paracellular resistances were estimated as 14.8 and 1.1 kOmega.cm(2), respectively. Serosal ouabain reduced voltage and current toward zero, as did apical amiloride. The presence of mRNA of alpha-epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) was confirmed. Na-d-glucose cotransport was identified with an antibody to Na(+)-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 1. The unidirectional mucosa-to-serosa Na(+) flux (19 nmol.min(-1).cm(-2)) was two times as large as the reverse flux, and net transepithelial Na(+) flux was nearly double the amiloride-sensitive I(sc). In plain Ringer solution, the amiloride-sensitive I(sc) went toward zero. Under these conditions plus mucosal amiloride, serosal dibutyryl-cAMP elicited a Cl(-)-dependent I(sc) consistent with the stimulation of transepithelial Cl(-) secretion. In conclusion, primary cultures and subcultures of the normal mammalian jejunum form polarized epithelial monolayers with 1) the properties of a leaky epithelium, 2) claudins specific to the jejunal tight junction, 3) transepithelial Na(+) absorption mediated in part by SGLT1 and ENaC, and 4) electrogenic Cl(-) secretion activated by cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-He Weng
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, VRT 8004, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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