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Gao S, He L, Lam CK, Taylor MRG, Mestroni L, Lombardi R, Chen SN. Filamin C Deficiency Impairs Sarcomere Stability and Activates Focal Adhesion Kinase through PDGFRA Signaling in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Cells 2024; 13:278. [PMID: 38334670 PMCID: PMC10854597 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Truncating mutations in filamin C (FLNC) are associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. FLNC is an actin-binding protein and is known to interact with transmembrane and structural proteins; hence, the ablation of FLNC in cardiomyocytes is expected to dysregulate cell adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, sarcomere structural integrity, and likely nuclear function. Our previous study showed that the transcriptional profiles of FLNC homozygous deletions in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are highly comparable to the transcriptome profiles of hiPSC-CMs from patients with FLNC truncating mutations. Therefore, in this study, we used CRISPR-Cas-engineered hiPSC-derived FLNC knockout cardiac myocytes as a model of FLNC cardiomyopathy to determine pathogenic mechanisms and to examine structural changes caused by FLNC deficiency. RNA sequencing data indicated the significant upregulation of focal adhesion signaling and the dysregulation of thin filament genes in FLNC-knockout (FLNCKO) hiPSC-CMs compared to isogenic hiPSC-CMs. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the complete loss of FLNC in cardiomyocytes led to cytoskeletal defects and the activation of focal adhesion kinase. Pharmacological inhibition of PDGFRA signaling using crenolanib (an FDA-approved drug) reduced focal adhesion kinase activation and partially normalized the focal adhesion signaling pathway. The findings from this study suggest the opportunity in repurposing FDA-approved drug as a therapeutic strategy to treat FLNC cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gao
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical and Boulder Campuses, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (S.G.); (L.H.); (M.R.G.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Lingaonan He
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical and Boulder Campuses, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (S.G.); (L.H.); (M.R.G.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, NE 19716, USA;
| | - Matthew R. G. Taylor
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical and Boulder Campuses, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (S.G.); (L.H.); (M.R.G.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Luisa Mestroni
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical and Boulder Campuses, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (S.G.); (L.H.); (M.R.G.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Raffaella Lombardi
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical and Boulder Campuses, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (S.G.); (L.H.); (M.R.G.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Suet Nee Chen
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical and Boulder Campuses, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (S.G.); (L.H.); (M.R.G.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
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2
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Poveda J, González-Lafuente L, Vázquez-Sánchez S, Mercado-García E, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, García-Consuegra I, Sanz AB, Segura J, Fernández-Velasco M, Liaño F, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. Targeting the TWEAK-Fn14 pathway prevents dysfunction in cardiac calcium handling after acute kidney injury. J Pathol 2023; 261:427-441. [PMID: 37776271 DOI: 10.1002/path.6200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Heart and kidney have a closely interrelated pathophysiology. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significantly increased rates of cardiovascular events, a relationship defined as cardiorenal syndrome type 3 (CRS3). The underlying mechanisms that trigger heart disease remain, however, unknown, particularly concerning the clinical impact of AKI on cardiac outcomes and overall mortality. Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) are independently involved in the pathogenesis of both heart and kidney failure, and recent studies have proposed TWEAK as a possible therapeutic target; however, its specific role in cardiac damage associated with CRS3 remains to be clarified. Firstly, we demonstrated in a retrospective longitudinal clinical study that soluble TWEAK plasma levels were a predictive biomarker of mortality in patients with AKI. Furthermore, the exogenous application of TWEAK to native ventricular cardiomyocytes induced relevant calcium (Ca2+ ) handling alterations. Next, we investigated the role of the TWEAK-Fn14 axis in cardiomyocyte function following renal ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. We observed that TWEAK-Fn14 signalling was activated in the hearts of AKI mice. Mice also showed significantly altered intra-cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling and arrhythmogenic Ca2+ events through an impairment in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -adenosine triphosphatase 2a pump (SERCA2a ) and ryanodine receptor (RyR2 ) function. Administration of anti-TWEAK antibody after reperfusion significantly improved alterations in Ca2+ cycling and arrhythmogenic events and prevented SERCA2a and RyR2 modifications. In conclusion, this study establishes the relevance of the TWEAK-Fn14 pathway in cardiac dysfunction linked to CRS3, both as a predictor of mortality in patients with AKI and as a Ca2+ mishandling inducer in cardiomyocytes, and highlights the cardioprotective benefits of TWEAK targeting in CRS3. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonay Poveda
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura González-Lafuente
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Vázquez-Sánchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Mercado-García
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés García-Consuegra
- Proteomics Unit, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Sanz
- Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonomous University of Madrid and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Segura
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Velasco
- IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, CIBER-CV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Liaño
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRyCis), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- School of Doctoral Studies and Research, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Tarnowski D, Feder AL, Trum M, Kreitmeier KG, Stengel L, Maier LS, Sag CM. Ibrutinib impairs IGF-1-dependent activation of intracellular Ca handling in isolated mouse ventricular myocytes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1190099. [PMID: 37655217 PMCID: PMC10466040 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1190099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor Ibrutinib is associated with a higher incidence of cardiotoxic side effects including heart failure (HF). Objectives Ibrutinib is capable of inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes when stimulated with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). We therefore hypothesized that Ibrutinib might disrupt IGF-1-mediated activation of intracellular Ca handling in adult mouse cardiomyocytes by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling. Methods Isolated ventricular myocytes (C57BL6/J) were exposed to IGF-1 at 10 nmol/L in the presence or absence of Ibrutinib (1 µmol/L) or Acalabrutinib (10 µmol/L; cell culture for 24 ± 2 h). Intracellular Ca handling was measured by epifluorescence (Fura-2 AM) and confocal microscopy (Fluo-4 AM). Ruptured-patch whole-cell voltage-clamp was used to measure ICa. Levels of key cardiac Ca handling proteins were investigated by immunoblots. Results IGF-1 significantly increased Ca transient amplitudes by ∼83% as compared to vehicle treated control cells. This was associated with unaffected diastolic Ca, enhanced SR Ca loading and increased ICa. Co-treatment with Ibrutinib attenuated both the IGF-1-mediated increase in SR Ca content and in ICa. IGF-1 treated cardiomyocytes had significantly increased levels of pS473Akt/Akt and SERCA2a expression as compared to cells concomitantly treated with IGF-1 and Ibrutinib. SR Ca release (as assessed by Ca spark frequency) was unaffected by either treatment. In order to test for potential off-target effects, second generation BTK inhibitor Acalabrutinib with greater BTK selectivity and lower cardiovascular toxicity was tested for IGF1-mediated activation of intracellular Ca handling. Acalabrutinib induced similar effects on Ca handling in IGF-1 treated cultured myocytes as Ibrutinib in regard to decreased Ca transient amplitude and slowed Ca transient decay, hence implying a functional class effect of BTK inhibitors in cardiac myocytes. Conclusions Inhibition of BTK by Ibrutinib impairs IGF-1-dependent activation of intracellular Ca handling in adult ventricular mouse myocytes in the face of disrupted Akt signaling and absent SERCA2a upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tarnowski
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg,Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Feder
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg,Germany
| | - Maximilian Trum
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg,Germany
| | - Klaus-Georg Kreitmeier
- Department of Internal Medicine III/Oncology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Laura Stengel
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg,Germany
| | - Lars S. Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg,Germany
| | - Can Martin Sag
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg,Germany
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Ye H, He Y, Zheng C, Wang F, Yang M, Lin J, Xu R, Zhang D. Type 2 Diabetes Complicated With Heart Failure: Research on Therapeutic Mechanism and Potential Drug Development Based on Insulin Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:816588. [PMID: 35308248 PMCID: PMC8927800 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.816588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and heart failure (HF) are diseases characterized by high morbidity and mortality. They often occur simultaneously and increase the risk of each other. T2DM complicated with HF, as one of the most dangerous disease combinations in modern medicine, is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, making the treatment more difficult. At present, the combination of blood glucose control and anti-heart failure is a common therapy for patients with T2DM complicated with HF, but their effect is not ideal, and many hypoglycemic drugs have the risk of heart failure. Abnormal insulin signaling pathway, as a common pathogenic mechanism in T2DM and HF, could lead to pathological features such as insulin resistance (IR), myocardial energy metabolism disorders, and vascular endothelial disorders. The therapy based on the insulin signaling pathway may become a specific therapeutic target for T2DM patients with HF. Here, we reviewed the mechanisms and potential drugs of insulin signaling pathway in the treatment of T2DM complicated with HF, with a view to opening up a new perspective for the treatment of T2DM patients with HF and the research and development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanan He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovation Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovation Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Junzhi Lin
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Runchun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Fernández C, Torrealba N, Altamirano F, Garrido-Moreno V, Vásquez-Trincado C, Flores-Vergara R, López-Crisosto C, Ocaranza MP, Chiong M, Pedrozo Z, Lavandero S. Polycystin-1 is required for insulin-like growth factor 1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255452. [PMID: 34407099 PMCID: PMC8372926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is the result of responses to various physiological or pathological stimuli. Recently, we showed that polycystin-1 participates in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy elicited by pressure overload and mechanical stress. Interestingly, polycystin-1 knockdown does not affect phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, suggesting that the effects of polycystin-1 are stimulus-dependent. In this study, we aimed to identify the role of polycystin-1 in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling in cardiomyocytes. Polycystin-1 knockdown completely blunted IGF-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We then investigated the molecular mechanism underlying this result. We found that polycystin-1 silencing impaired the activation of the IGF-1 receptor, Akt, and ERK1/2 elicited by IGF-1. Remarkably, IGF-1-induced IGF-1 receptor, Akt, and ERK1/2 phosphorylations were restored when protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B was inhibited, suggesting that polycystin-1 knockdown deregulates this phosphatase in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibition also restored IGF-1-dependent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in polycystin-1-deficient cells. Our findings provide the first evidence that polycystin-1 regulates IGF-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through a mechanism involving protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Fernández
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Natalia Torrealba
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Laboratory of Tumour Resistance, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Francisco Altamirano
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Valeria Garrido-Moreno
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - César Vásquez-Trincado
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Raúl Flores-Vergara
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Camila López-Crisosto
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - María Paz Ocaranza
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Center for New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Zully Pedrozo
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Corporación Centro de Estudios Científicos de las Enfermedades Crónicas (CECEC), Santiago de Chile, Chile
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IGF-1 Deficiency Rescue and Intracellular Calcium Blockade Improves Survival and Corresponding Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114095. [PMID: 32521790 PMCID: PMC7312627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to test two therapies for acute kidney injury (AKI) prevention, IGF-1, which is renal protective, and BTP-2, which is a calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitor. We utilized lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IP, as a systemic model of AKI and studied in five groups of animals. Three experiments showed that at 7 days: (1) LPS significantly reduced serum IGF-1 and intramuscular IGF-I in vivo gene therapy rescued this deficiency. (2) Next, at the 7-day time point, our combination therapy, compared to the untreated group, caused a significant increase in survival, which was noteworthy because all of the untreated animals died in 72 h. (3) The four pathways associated with inflammation, including (A) increase in cytosolic calcium, (B) elaboration of proinflammatory cytokines, (C) impairment of vascular integrity, and (D) cell injury, were adversely affected in renal tissue by LPS, using a sublethal dose of LPS. The expression of several genes was measured in each of the above pathways. The combined therapy of IGF-1 and BTP-2 caused a favorable gene expression response in all four pathways. Our current study was an AKI study, but these pathways are also involved in other types of severe inflammation, including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and probably severe coronavirus infection.
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Andrei SR, Ghosh M, Sinharoy P, Damron DS. Stimulation of TRPA1 attenuates ischemia-induced cardiomyocyte cell death through an eNOS-mediated mechanism. Channels (Austin) 2020; 13:192-206. [PMID: 31161862 PMCID: PMC6557600 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2019.1623591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional expression of transient receptor potential cation channel of the ankyrin-1 subtype (TRPA1) has recently been identified in adult mouse cardiac tissue where stimulation of this ion channel leads to increases in adult mouse ventricular cardiomyocyte (CM) contractile function via a Ca2+-Calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMKII) pathway. However, the extent to which TRPA1 induces nitric oxide (NO) production in CMs, and whether this signaling cascade mediates physiological or pathophysiological events in cardiac tissue remains elusive. Freshly isolated CMs from wild-type (WT) or TRPA1 knockout (TRPA1-/-) mouse hearts were treated with AITC (100 µM) and prepared for immunoblot, NO detection or ischemia protocols. Our findings demonstrate that TRPA1 stimulation with AITC results in phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and endothelial NOS (eNOS) concomitantly with NO production in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, we found that TRPA1 induced increases in CM [Ca2+]i and contractility occur independently of Akt and eNOS activation mechanisms. Further analysis revealed that the presence and activation of TRPA1 promotes CM survival and viability following ischemic insult via a mechanism partially dependent upon eNOS. Therefore, activation of the TRPA1/Akt/eNOS pathway attenuates ischemia-induced CM cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer R Andrei
- a Department of Medicine , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Monica Ghosh
- b Department of Biomedical Sciences , Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA
| | - Pritam Sinharoy
- c Department of Biopharmaceutical Development , Medimmune LLC , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Derek S Damron
- b Department of Biomedical Sciences , Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA
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Andrade D, Oliveira G, Menezes L, Nascimento AL, Carvalho S, Stumbo AC, Thole A, Garcia-Souza É, Moura A, Carvalho L, Cortez E. Insulin-like growth factor-1 short-period therapy improves cardiomyopathy stimulating cardiac progenitor cells survival in obese mice. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:151-161. [PMID: 31753790 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in obesity. Despite advanced understanding, the mechanisms that regulate cardiac progenitor cells (CPC) survival in pathological conditions are not clear. Low IGF-1 plasma levels are correlated to obesity, cardiomyopathy and CPC death, so this work aimed to investigate IGF-1 therapeutic potential on cardiomyopathy and its relationship with the survival, proliferation and differentiation of CPC in Western diet-induced obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Swiss mice were divided into control group (CG, n = 8), fed with standard diet; and obese group (OG, n = 16), fed with Western diet, for 12 weeks. At 11th week, OG was subdivided to receive a daily subcutaneous injection of human recombinant IGF-1 (100 μg.Kg-1) for seven consecutive days (OG + IGF1, n = 8). Results showed that IGF-1 therapy improved the metabolic parameters negatively impacted by western diet in OG, reaching levels similar to CG. OG + IGF-1 also demonstrated restored heart energetic metabolism, fibrosis resolution, decreased apoptosis level, restored cardiac gap junctions and intracellular calcium balance. Cardiomyopathy improvement was accompanied by increased CPC survival, proliferation and newly cardiomyocytes formation related to increased pAkt/Akt ratio. CONCLUSION These results suggest that only one week of IGF-1 therapy has cardioprotective effects through Akt pathway upregulation, ensuring CPC survival and differentiation, contributing to heart failure rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Andrade
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Genilza Oliveira
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Menezes
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Nascimento
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Simone Carvalho
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Stumbo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Thole
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Érica Garcia-Souza
- Laboratory of Nutrition Physiology and Development, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biology, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Anibal Moura
- Laboratory of Nutrition Physiology and Development, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biology, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Laís Carvalho
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil
| | - Erika Cortez
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Brazil.
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Yeves AM, Burgos JI, Medina AJ, Villa-Abrille MC, Ennis IL. Cardioprotective role of IGF-1 in the hypertrophied myocardium of the spontaneously hypertensive rats: A key effect on NHE-1 activity. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 224:e13092. [PMID: 31595734 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Myocardial Na+/H+ exchanger-1 (NHE-1) hyperactivity and oxidative stress are interrelated phenomena playing pivotal roles in the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Exercise training is effective to convert pathological into physiological hypertrophy in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and IGF-1-key humoral mediator of exercise training-inhibits myocardial NHE-1, at least in normotensive rats. Therefore, we hypothesize that IGF-1 by hampering NHE-1 hyperactivity and oxidative stress should exert a cardioprotective effect in the SHR. METHODS NHE-1 activity [proton efflux ( J H + ) mmol L-1 min-1], expression and phosphorylation; H2O2 production; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; contractility and calcium transients were measured in SHR hearts in the presence/absence of IGF-1. RESULTS IGF-1 significantly decreased NHE-1 activity ( J H + at pHi 6.95: 1.39 ± 0.32, n = 9 vs C 3.27 ± 0.3, n = 20, P < .05); effect prevented by AG1024, an antagonist of IGF-1 receptor (2.7 ± 0.4, n = 7); by the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin (3.14 ± 0.41, n = 7); and the AKT inhibitor MK2206 (3.37 ± 0.43, n = 14). Moreover, IGF-1 exerted an antioxidant effect revealed by a significant reduction in H2O2 production accompanied by an increase in SOD activity. In addition, IGF-1 improved cardiomyocyte contractility as evidenced by an increase in sarcomere shortening and a decrease in the relaxation constant, underlined by an increase in the amplitude and rate of decay of the calcium transients. CONCLUSION IGF-1 exerts a cardioprotective role on the hypertrophied hearts of the SHR, in which the inhibition of NHE-1 hyperactivity, as well as the positive inotropic and antioxidant effects, emerges as key players.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Yeves
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; UNLP-CONICET; La Plata Argentina
| | - J. I. Burgos
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; UNLP-CONICET; La Plata Argentina
| | - A. J. Medina
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; UNLP-CONICET; La Plata Argentina
| | - M. C. Villa-Abrille
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; UNLP-CONICET; La Plata Argentina
| | - I. L. Ennis
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; UNLP-CONICET; La Plata Argentina
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10
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Burgos JI, Yeves AM, Barrena JP, Portiansky EL, Vila-Petroff MG, Ennis IL. Nitric oxide and CaMKII: Critical steps in the cardiac contractile response To IGF-1 and swim training. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 112:16-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Chemaly ER, Troncone L, Lebeche D. SERCA control of cell death and survival. Cell Calcium 2017; 69:46-61. [PMID: 28747251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) is a critical coordinator of various aspects of cellular physiology. It is increasingly apparent that changes in cellular Ca2+ dynamics contribute to the regulation of normal and pathological signal transduction that controls cell growth and survival. Aberrant perturbations in Ca2+ homeostasis have been implicated in a range of pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, tumorigenesis and steatosis hepatitis. Intracellular Ca2+ concentrations are therefore tightly regulated by a number of Ca2+ handling enzymes, proteins, channels and transporters located in the plasma membrane and in Ca2+ storage organelles, which work in concert to fine tune a temporally and spatially precise Ca2+ signal. Chief amongst them is the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER) Ca2+ ATPase pump (SERCA) which actively re-accumulates released Ca2+ back into the SR/ER, therefore maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis. There are at least 14 different SERCA isoforms encoded by three ATP2A1-3 genes whose expressions are species- and tissue-specific. Altered SERCA expression and activity results in cellular malignancy and induction of ER stress and ER stress-associated apoptosis. The role of SERCA misregulation in the control of apoptosis in various cell types and disease setting with prospective therapeutic implications is the focus of this review. Ca2+ is a double edge sword for both life as well as death, and current experimental evidence supports a model in which Ca2+ homeostasis and SERCA activity represent a nodal point that controls cell survival. Pharmacological or genetic targeting of this axis constitutes an incredible therapeutic potential to treat different diseases sharing similar biological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie R Chemaly
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Luca Troncone
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
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12
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Guo CA, Guo S. Insulin receptor substrate signaling controls cardiac energy metabolism and heart failure. J Endocrinol 2017; 233:R131-R143. [PMID: 28381504 PMCID: PMC9675292 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The heart is an insulin-dependent and energy-consuming organ in which insulin and nutritional signaling integrates to the regulation of cardiac metabolism, growth and survival. Heart failure is highly associated with insulin resistance, and heart failure patients suffer from the cardiac energy deficiency and structural and functional dysfunction. Chronic pathological conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, involve various mechanisms in promoting heart failure by remodeling metabolic pathways, modulating cardiac energetics and impairing cardiac contractility. Recent studies demonstrated that insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS-1,-2) are major mediators of both insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling responsible for myocardial energetics, structure, function and organismal survival. Importantly, the insulin receptor substrates (IRS) play an important role in the activation of the phosphatidylinositide-3-dependent kinase (PI-3K) that controls Akt and Foxo1 signaling cascade, regulating the mitochondrial function, cardiac energy metabolism and the renin-angiotensin system. Dysregulation of this branch in signaling cascades by insulin resistance in the heart through the endocrine system promotes heart failure, providing a novel mechanism for diabetic cardiomyopathy. Therefore, targeting this branch of IRS→PI-3K→Foxo1 signaling cascade and associated pathways may provide a fundamental strategy for the therapeutic and nutritional development in control of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we focus on insulin signaling and resistance in the heart and the role energetics play in cardiac metabolism, structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy A Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food ScienceCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food ScienceCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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13
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Hu W, Xu T, Wu P, Pan D, Chen J, Chen J, Zhang B, Zhu H, Li D. Luteolin improves cardiac dysfunction in heart failure rats by regulating sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase 2a. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41017. [PMID: 28112209 PMCID: PMC5253630 DOI: 10.1038/srep41017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously found that luteolin (Lut) appeared to improve the contractility of cardiomyocytes during ischemia/reperfusion in rats. The enhancement was associated with the alteration in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a). This finding prompted us to consider if the mechanism worked in heart failure (HF). We studied the regulation of SERCA2a by Lut in failing cardiomyocytes and intact heart of rats. Improvement of contractility and the mechanisms centered on SERCA2a were studied in isolated cardiomyocytes and intact heart. We found that Lut significantly improved contractility and Ca2+ transients, ameliorated expression, activity and stability of SERCA2a and upregulated expression of small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) 1, which is a newfound SERCA2a regulator. Lut also increased phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), phospholaban (PLB) and sumoylation of SERCA2a, specificity protein 1 (Sp1). Transcriptions of SUMO1 and SERCA2a were concurrently increased. Inhibition of posphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathway and SERCA2a activity both markedly abolished Lut-induced benefits in vitro and in vivo. Lut upregulated the expression ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, caspase-3/cleaved-Caspase3. Meanwhile, Lut ameliorated the myocardium fibrosis of HF. These discoveries provide an important potential therapeutic strategy that Lut targeted SERCA2a SUMOylation related to PI3K/Akt-mediated regulations on rescuing the dysfunction of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Hu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Tongda Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221006, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Defeng Pan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Junhong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221006, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221006, China
| | - Buchun Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221006, China
| | - Dongye Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
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14
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Novel players in cardioprotection: Insulin like growth factor-1, angiotensin-(1–7) and angiotensin-(1–9). Pharmacol Res 2015; 101:41-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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The antioxidant compound tert-butylhydroquinone activates Akt in myocardium, suppresses apoptosis and ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13005. [PMID: 26260024 PMCID: PMC4531315 DOI: 10.1038/srep13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is an antioxidant compound which shows multiple cytoprotective actions. We evaluated the effects of TBHQ on pathological cardiac remodeling and dysfunction induced by chronic overload. Pressure overload was created by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in male C57BL/6 mice. TBHQ was incorporated in the diet and administered for 4 weeks. TBHQ treatment prevented left ventricular dilatation and cardiac dysfunction induced by TAC, and decreased the prevalence of myocardial apoptosis. The beneficial effects of TBHQ were associated with an increase in Akt activation, but not related to activations of Nrf2 or AMP-activated protein kinase. TBHQ-induced Akt activation was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of Bad, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Mechanistically, we showed that in cultured H9c2 cells and primary cardiac myocytes, TBHQ stimulated Akt phosphorylation and suppressed oxidant-induced apoptosis; this effect was abolished by wortmannin or an Akt inhibitor. Blockade of the Akt pathway in vivo accelerated cardiac dysfunction, and abrogated the protective effects of TBHQ. TBHQ also reduced the reactive aldehyde production and protein carbonylation in stressed myocardium. We suggest that TBHQ treatment may represent a novel strategy for timely activation of the cytoprotective Akt pathway in stressed myocardium.
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16
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Chang P, Wang Q, Xu H, Yang M, Lin X, Li X, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Zhao F, Zhao X, Bai F, Yu J. Tetrahydrobiopterin reverse left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction through the PI3K/p-Akt pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:1012-20. [PMID: 26093301 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension induced hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction and is associated with cardiac oxidation and reduced NO production. We hypothesized that tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) can regulate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway and reverse cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Ten-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and age-matched normotensive control Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were divided into five groups, WKY, WKY + BH4, SHR, SHR + BH4 and SHR + VAL. In SHR, diastolic dysfunction was accompanied by concentric hypertrophy, cardiac oxidation, and reduced cardiac BH4 and NO production. Four-week BH4 and valsartan administration reversed hypertrophy and improved diastolic function. BH4 and valsartan blunted the expression of hypertrophy markers α-skeletal actin (α-SA) and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC). Only BH4 reduced hypertension and induced myocardial fibrosis and expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). BH4 reduced cardiac oxidant stress and increased NO production. Exogenous BH4 increased phosphorylated Akt levels and increased Bcl-2 expression. In conclusion, less BH4 and reduced NO increases myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac oxidative stress, which exacerbates diastolic dysfunction. Exogenous BH4 ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction through the PI3K/p-Akt pathway. BH4 may be a potent therapy for hypertension with diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Qiongying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Han Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Mina Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu, China.
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17
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Kusch A, Schmidt M, Gürgen D, Postpieszala D, Catar R, Hegner B, Davidson MM, Mahmoodzadeh S, Dragun D. 17ß-Estradiol regulates mTORC2 sensitivity to rapamycin in adaptive cardiac remodeling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123385. [PMID: 25880554 PMCID: PMC4399939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive cardiac remodeling is characterized by enhanced signaling of mTORC2 downstream kinase Akt. In females, 17ß-estradiol (E2), as well as Akt contribute essentially to sex-related premenopausal cardioprotection. Pharmacologic mTOR targeting with rapamycin is increasingly used for various clinical indications, yet burdened with clinical heterogeneity in therapy responses. The drug inhibits mTORC1 and less-so mTORC2. In male rodents, rapamycin decreases maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy whereas it leads to detrimental dilative cardiomyopathy in females. We hypothesized that mTOR inhibition could interfere with 17β-estradiol (E2)-mediated sexual dimorphism and adaptive cell growth and tested responses in murine female hearts and cultured female cardiomyocytes. Under physiological in vivo conditions, rapamycin compromised mTORC2 function only in female, but not in male murine hearts. In cultured female cardiomyocytes, rapamycin impaired simultaneously IGF-1 induced activation of both mTOR signaling branches, mTORC1 and mTORC2 only in presence of E2. Use of specific estrogen receptor (ER)α- and ERβ-agonists indicated involvement of both estrogen receptors (ER) in rapamycin effects on mTORC1 and mTORC2. Classical feedback mechanisms common in tumour cells with upregulation of PI3K signaling were not involved. E2 effect on Akt-pS473 downregulation by rapamycin was independent of ERK as shown by sequential mTOR and MEK-inhibition. Furthermore, regulatory mTORC2 complex defining component rictor phosphorylation at Ser1235, known to interfere with Akt-substrate binding to mTORC2, was not altered. Functionally, rapamycin significantly reduced trophic effect of E2 on cell size. In addition, cardiomyocytes with reduced Akt-pS473 under rapamycin treatment displayed decreased SERCA2A mRNA and protein expression suggesting negative functional consequences on cardiomyocyte contractility. Rictor silencing confirmed regulation of SERCA2A expression by mTORC2 in E2-cultured female cardiomyocytes. These data highlight a novel modulatory function of E2 on rapamycin effect on mTORC2 in female cardiomyocytes and regulation of SERCA2A expression by mTORC2. Conceivably, rapamycin abrogates the premenopausal “female advantage”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Kusch
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité—Campus Virchow Klinikum, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Schmidt
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité—Campus Virchow Klinikum, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Gürgen
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité—Campus Virchow Klinikum, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Postpieszala
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité—Campus Virchow Klinikum, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité—Campus Virchow Klinikum, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Hegner
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité—Campus Virchow Klinikum, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Merci M. Davidson
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shokoufeh Mahmoodzadeh
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Duska Dragun
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité—Campus Virchow Klinikum, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Morgan KY, Black LD. It's all in the timing: modeling isovolumic contraction through development and disease with a dynamic dual electromechanical bioreactor system. Organogenesis 2014; 10:317-22. [PMID: 25482314 DOI: 10.4161/org.29207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This commentary discusses the rationale behind our recently reported work entitled "Mimicking isovolumic contraction with combined electromechanical stimulation improves the development of engineered cardiac constructs," introduces new data supporting our hypothesis, and discusses future applications of our bioreactor system. The ability to stimulate engineered cardiac tissue in a bioreactor system that combines both electrical and mechanical stimulation offers a unique opportunity to simulate the appropriate dynamics between stretch and contraction and model isovolumic contraction in vitro. Our previous study demonstrated that combined electromechanical stimulation that simulated the timing of isovolumic contraction in healthy tissue improved force generation via increased contractile and calcium handling protein expression and improved hypertrophic pathway activation. In new data presented here, we further demonstrate that modification of the timing between electrical and mechanical stimulation to mimic a non-physiological process negatively impacts the functionality of the engineered constructs. We close by exploring the various disease states that have altered timing between the electrical and mechanical stimulation signals as potential future directions for the use of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Ye Morgan
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering ; Tufts University ; Medford , MA USA
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19
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Morgan KY, Black LD. Mimicking isovolumic contraction with combined electromechanical stimulation improves the development of engineered cardiac constructs. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:1654-67. [PMID: 24410342 PMCID: PMC4029049 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrical and mechanical stimulation have both been used extensively to improve the function of cardiac engineered tissue as each of these stimuli is present in the physical environment during normal development in vivo. However, to date, there has been no direct comparison between electrical and mechanical stimulation and current published data are difficult to compare due to the different systems used to create the engineered cardiac tissue and the different measures of functionality studied as outcomes. The goals of this study were twofold. First, we sought to directly compare the effects of mechanical and electrical stimulation on engineered cardiac tissue. Second, we aimed to determine the importance of the timing of the two stimuli in relation to each other in combined electromechanical stimulation. We hypothesized that delaying electrical stimulation after the beginning of mechanical stimulation to mimic the biophysical environment present during isovolumic contraction would improve construct function by improving proteins responsible for cell-cell communication and contractility. To test this hypothesis, we created a bioreactor system that would allow us to electromechanically stimulate engineered tissue created from neonatal rat cardiac cells entrapped in fibrin gel during 2 weeks in culture. Contraction force was higher for all stimulation groups as compared with the static controls, with the delayed combined stimulation constructs having the highest forces. Mechanical stimulation alone displayed increased final cell numbers but there were no other differences between electrical and mechanical stimulation alone. Delayed combined stimulation resulted in an increase in SERCA2a and troponin T expression levels, which did not happen with synchronous combined stimulation, indicating that the timing of combined stimulation is important to maximize the beneficial effect. Increases in Akt protein expression levels suggest that the improvements are at least in part induced by hypertrophic growth. In summary, combined electromechanical stimulation can create engineered cardiac tissue with improved functional properties over electrical or mechanical stimulation alone, and the timing of the combined stimulation greatly influences its effects on engineered cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Ye Morgan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren Deems Black
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
- Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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Shareef MA, Anwer LA, Poizat C. Cardiac SERCA2A/B: Therapeutic targets for heart failure. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 724:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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21
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Wang X, Ni L, Yang L, Duan Q, Chen C, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Wang DW. CYP2J2-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids suppress endoplasmic reticulum stress in heart failure. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 85:105-15. [PMID: 24145329 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.087122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress causes apoptosis and is associated with heart failure. Whether CYP2J2 and its arachidonic acid metabolites [epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs)] have a protective influence on ER stress and heart failure has not been studied. Assays of myocardial samples from patients with end-stage heart failure showed evidence of ER stress. Chronic infusion of isoproterenol (ISO) or angiotensin II (AngII) by osmotic mini-pump induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in mice as evaluated by hemodynamic measurements and echocardiography. Interestingly, transgenic (Tr) mice with cardiomyocyte-specific CYP2J2 expression were protected against heart failure compared with wild-type mice. ISO or AngII administration induced ER stress and apoptosis, and increased levels of intracellular Ca(2+). These phenotypes were abolished by CYP2J2 overexpression in vivo or exogenous EETs treatment of cardiomyocytes in vitro. ISO or AngII reduced sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a) expression in hearts or isolated cardiomyocytes; however, loss of SERCA2a expression was prevented in CYP2J2 Tr hearts in vivo or in cardiomyocytes treated with EETs in vitro. The reduction of SERCA2a activity was concomitant with increased oxidation of SERCA2a. EETs reversed SERCA2a oxidation through increased expression of antioxidant enzymes and reduced reactive oxygen species levels. Tempol, a membrane-permeable radical scavenger, similarly decreased oxidized SERCA2a levels, restored SERCA2a activity, and markedly reduced ER stress response in the mice treated with ISO. In conclusion, CYP2J2-derived EETs suppress ER stress response in the heart and protect against cardiac failure by maintaining intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and SERCA2a expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxu Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Hypertension, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (X.W., L.N., L.Y., Q.D., C.C., D.W.W.); and the Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (M.L.E., D.C.Z.)
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Insulin/IGF-1 signaling, including class II/III PI3Ks, β-arrestin and SGK-1, is required in C. elegans to maintain pharyngeal muscle performance during starvation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63851. [PMID: 23700438 PMCID: PMC3659082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In C. elegans, pharyngeal pumping is regulated by the presence of bacteria. In response to food deprivation, the pumping rate rapidly declines by about 50–60%, but then recovers gradually to baseline levels on food after 24 hr. We used this system to study the role of insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) in the recovery of pharyngeal pumping during starvation. Mutant strains with reduced function in the insulin/IGF-1 receptor, DAF-2, various insulins (INS-1 and INS-18), and molecules that regulate insulin release (UNC-64 and NCA-1; NCA-2) failed to recover normal pumping rates after food deprivation. Similarly, reduction or loss of function in downstream signaling molecules (e.g., ARR-1, AKT-1, and SGK-1) and effectors (e.g., CCA-1 and UNC-68) impaired pumping recovery. Pharmacological studies with kinase and metabolic inhibitors implicated class II/III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) and glucose metabolism in the recovery response. Interestingly, both over- and under-activity in IIS was associated with poorer recovery kinetics. Taken together, the data suggest that optimum levels of IIS are required to maintain high levels of pharyngeal pumping during starvation. This work may ultimately provide insights into the connections between IIS, nutritional status and sarcopenia, a hallmark feature of aging in muscle.
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Ye Y, Birnbaum Y. Cyclic AMP-mediated pleiotropic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation. Focus on "Exendin-4 attenuates high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of SERCA2a". Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C505-7. [PMID: 23364263 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00419.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Shiojima I, Schiekofer S, Schneider JG, Belisle K, Sato K, Andrassy M, Galasso G, Walsh K. Short-term akt activation in cardiac muscle cells improves contractile function in failing hearts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 181:1969-76. [PMID: 23031259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Akt is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by a variety of growth factors or cytokines in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent manner. By using a conditional transgenic system in which Akt signaling can be turned on or off in the adult heart, we previously showed that short-term Akt activation induces a physiological form of cardiac hypertrophy with enhanced coronary angiogenesis and maintained contractility. Here we tested the hypothesis that induction of physiological hypertrophy by short-term Akt activation might improve contractile function in failing hearts. When Akt signaling transiently was activated in murine hearts with impaired contractility, induced by pressure overload or doxorubicin treatment, contractile dysfunction was attenuated in both cases. Importantly, improvement of contractility was observed before the development of cardiac hypertrophy, indicating that Akt activation improves contractile function independently of its growth-promoting effects. To gain mechanistic insights into Akt-mediated positive inotropic effects, transcriptional profiles in the heart were determined in a pressure overload-induced heart failure model. Biological network analysis of differentially expressed transcripts revealed significant alterations in the expression of genes associated with cell death, and these alterations were reversed by short-term Akt activation. Thus, short-term Akt activation improves contractile function in failing hearts. This beneficial effect of Akt on contractility is hypertrophy-independent and may be mediated in part by inhibition of cell death associated with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Shiojima
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Fredersdorf S, Thumann C, Zimmermann WH, Vetter R, Graf T, Luchner A, Riegger GAJ, Schunkert H, Eschenhagen T, Weil J. Increased myocardial SERCA expression in early type 2 diabetes mellitus is insulin dependent: In vivo and in vitro data. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012; 11:57. [PMID: 22621761 PMCID: PMC3447673 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-11-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium (Ca2+) handling proteins are known to play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiomyopathy. However little is known about early changes in the diabetic heart and the impact of insulin treatment (Ins). METHODS Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats treated with or without insulin (ZDF ± Ins, n = 13) and lean littermates (controls, n = 7) were sacrificed at the age of 19 weeks. ZDF + Ins (n = 6) were treated with insulin for the last 6 weeks of life. Gene expression of Ca2+ ATPase in the cardiac sarcoplasmatic reticulum (SERCA2a, further abbreviated as SERCA) and phospholamban (PLB) were determined by northern blotting. Ca2+ transport of the sarcoplasmatic reticulum (SR) was assessed by oxalate-facilitated 45Ca-uptake in left ventricular homogenates. In addition, isolated neonatal cardiomyocytes were stimulated in cell culture with insulin, glucose or triiodthyronine (T3, positive control). mRNA expression of SERCA and PLB were measured by Taqman PCR. Furthermore, effects of insulin treatment on force of contraction and relaxation were evaluated by cardiomyocytes grown in a three-dimensional collagen matrix (engineered heart tissue, EHT) stimulated for 5 days by insulin. By western blot phosphorylations status of Akt was determed and the influence of wortmannin. RESULTS SERCA levels increased in both ZDF and ZDF + Ins compared to control (control 100 ± 6.2 vs. ZDF 152 ± 26.6* vs. ZDF + Ins 212 ± 18.5*# % of control, *p < 0.05 vs. control, #p < 0.05 vs. ZDF) whereas PLB was significantly decreased in ZDF and ZDF + Ins (control 100 ± 2.8 vs. ZDF 76.3 ± 13.5* vs. ZDF + Ins 79.4 ± 12.9* % of control, *p < 0.05 vs control). The increase in the SERCA/PLB ratio in ZDF and ZDF ± Ins was accompanied by enhanced Ca2+ uptake to the SR (control 1.58 ± 0.1 vs. ZDF 1.85 ± 0.06* vs. ZDF + Ins 2.03 ± 0.1* μg/mg/min, *p < 0.05 vs. control). Interestingly, there was a significant correlation between Ca2+ uptake and SERCA2a expression. As shown by in-vitro experiments, the effect of insulin on SERCA2a mRNA expression seemed to have a direct effect on cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, long-term treatment of engineered heart tissue with insulin increased the SERCA/PLB ratio and accelerated relaxation time. Akt was significantly phosphorylated by insulin. This effect could be abolished by wortmannin. CONCLUSION The current data demonstrate that early type 2 diabetes is associated with an increase in the SERCA/PLB ratio and that insulin directly stimulates SERCA expression and relaxation velocity. These results underline the important role of insulin and calcium handling proteins in the cardiac adaptation process of type 2 diabetes mellitus contributing to cardiac remodeling and show the important role of PI3-kinase-Akt-SERCA2a signaling cascade.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Western
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Male
- Myocardial Contraction/drug effects
- Myocardium/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Phosphorylation
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Rats, Zucker
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/enzymology
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/genetics
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Fredersdorf
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II des Universitätsklinikums Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Thumann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram H Zimmermann
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Universitätsmedizin, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roland Vetter
- Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsmedizin - Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Graf
- Medizinische Klinik II, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Luchner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Günter AJ Riegger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Medizinische Klinik II, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institut für Klinische und Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Weil
- Medizinische Klinik II, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Nagoshi T, Yoshimura M, Rosano GMC, Lopaschuk GD, Mochizuki S. Optimization of cardiac metabolism in heart failure. Curr Pharm Des 2012; 17:3846-53. [PMID: 21933140 PMCID: PMC3271354 DOI: 10.2174/138161211798357773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The derangement of the cardiac energy substrate metabolism plays a key role in the pathogenesis of heart failure. The utilization of non-carbohydrate substrates, such as fatty acids, is the predominant metabolic pathway in the normal heart, because this provides the highest energy yield per molecule of substrate metabolized. In contrast, glucose becomes an important preferential substrate for metabolism and ATP generation under specific pathological conditions, because it can provide greater efficiency in producing high energy products per oxygen consumed compared to fatty acids. Manipulations that shift energy substrate utilization away from fatty acids toward glucose can improve the cardiac function and slow the progression of heart failure. However, insulin resistance, which is highly prevalent in the heart failure population, impedes this adaptive metabolic shift. Therefore, the acceleration of the glucose metabolism, along with the restoration of insulin sensitivity, would be the ideal metabolic therapy for heart failure. This review discusses the therapeutic potential of modifying substrate utilization to optimize cardiac metabolism in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Nagoshi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
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Excitation-contraction coupling in ventricular myocytes is enhanced by paracrine signaling from mesenchymal stem cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 52:1249-56. [PMID: 22465692 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In clinical trials mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are transplanted into cardiac ischemic regions to decrease infarct size and improve contractility. However, the mechanism and time course of MSC-mediated cardioprotection are incompletely understood. We tested the hypothesis that paracrine signaling by MSCs promotes changes in cardiac excitation-contraction (EC) coupling that protects myocytes from cell death and enhances contractility. Isolated mouse ventricular myocytes (VMs) were treated with control tyrode, MSC conditioned-tyrode (ConT) or co-cultured with MSCs. The Ca handling properties of VMs were monitored by laser scanning confocal microscopy and whole cell voltage clamp. ConT superfusion of VMs resulted in a time dependent increase of the Ca transient amplitude (ConT(15min): ΔF/F(0)=3.52±0.38, n=14; Ctrl(15min): ΔF/F(0)=2.41±0.35, n=14) and acceleration of the Ca transient decay (τ: ConT: 269±18ms n=14; vs. Ctrl: 315±57ms, n=14). Voltage clamp recordings confirmed a ConT induced increase in I(Ca,L) (ConT: -5.9±0.5 pA/pF n=11; vs. Ctrl: -4.04±0.3 pA/pF, n=12). The change of τ resulted from increased SERCA activity. Changes in the Ca transient amplitude and τ were prevented by the PI3K inhibitors Wortmannin (100nmol/L) and LY294002 (10μmol/L) and the Akt inhibitor V (20μmol/L) indicating regulation through PI3K signal transduction and Akt activation which was confirmed by western blotting. A change in τ was also prevented in eNOS(-/-) myocytes or by inhibition of eNOS suggesting an NO mediated regulation of SERCA activity. Since paracrine signaling further resulted in increased survival of VMs we propose that the Akt induced change in Ca signaling is also a mechanism by which MSCs mediate an anti-apoptotic effect.
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Lai NC, Tang T, Gao MH, Saito M, Miyanohara A, Hammond HK. Improved function of the failing rat heart by regulated expression of insulin-like growth factor I via intramuscular gene transfer. Hum Gene Ther 2012; 23:255-61. [PMID: 22017392 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2011.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Current methods of gene transfer for heart disease include injection into heart muscle or intracoronary coronary delivery, approaches that typically provide limited expression and are cumbersome to apply. To circumvent these problems, we selected a transgene, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), which may, in theory, have favorable effects on heart function when secreted from a remote site. We examined the feasibility and efficacy of skeletal muscle injection of adeno-associated virus 5 encoding IGF-I under Tet regulation (AAV5.IGFI-tet) to treat heart failure. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in rats by coronary occlusion; 1 week later, rats with impaired left ventricular (LV) function received 2×10(12) genome copies (GC) of AAV5.IGFI-tet in the anterior tibialis muscle, and 4 weeks later, were randomly assigned to receive doxycycline in drinking water to activate IGF-I expression (IGF-On; n=10), or not to receive doxycycline (IGF-Off; n=10). Ten weeks after MI (5 weeks after activation of IGF-I expression), LV size and function were assessed by echocardiography and physiological studies. IGF-On rats showed reduced LV end-systolic dimension (p=0.03) and increased LV ejection fraction (p=0.02). In addition, IGF-On rats showed, before and during dobutamine infusion, increases in cardiac output (p=0.02), stroke work (p=0.0001), LV + dP/dt (p<0.0001), LV relaxation (LV - dP/dt; p=0.03), and systolic arterial blood pressure (p=0.0003). Mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance were unchanged. Activation of IGF-I expression reduced cardiac fibrosis (p=0.048), apoptosis (p<0.0001), and caspase-3/7 activity (p=0.04). Serum IGF-I was increased 5 weeks after transgene activation (p=0.008). These data indicate that skeletal muscle injection of AAV5.IGFI-tet enables tetracycline-activated expression, increases serum IGF-I levels, and improves function of the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chin Lai
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Abstract
AKT is a serine/threonine protein kinase, also known as protein kinase B, which regulates cardiac growth, myocardial angiogenesis, glucose metabolism, and cell death in cardiac myocytes. AKT is activated by its phosphorylation at Thr 308 and ser 473 by PDK1 and mTORC2, respectively, in response to trophic stimuli such as insulin and insulin growth factor. c-Jun N-Terminal Kinases (JNKs) phosphorylate AKT at Thr 450 and potentiate its interaction with its downstream effectors. The short-term activation of AKT promotes physiological hypertrophy and protection from myocardial injury; whereas, its long-term activation causes pathological hypertrophy and heart failure. In this review we will discuss the role of AKT in regulating signalling pathways in the heart with special emphasis on the role of AKT in modulating stress induced autophagic cell death in cardiomyocytes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine H Chaanine
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Rondelet B, Dewachter C, Kerbaul F, Kang X, Fesler P, Brimioulle S, Naeije R, Dewachter L. Prolonged overcirculation-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension as a cause of right ventricular failure. Eur Heart J 2011; 33:1017-26. [PMID: 21606077 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Three-month chronic systemic-to-pulmonary shunting in growing piglets has been reported as an early pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) model with preserved right ventricular (RV) function. We sought to determine whether prolonged shunting might be associated with more severe PAH and RV failure. METHODS AND RESULTS Fourteen growing piglets were randomized to a sham operation or the anastomosis of the left innominate artery to the pulmonary arterial trunk. Six months later, the shunt was closed and the animals underwent haemodynamic evaluation followed by tissue sampling for pathobiological assessment. Prolonged shunting had resulted in increased mean pulmonary artery pressure (22 ± 2 versus 17 ± 1 mmHg) and pulmonary arteriolar medial thickness, while cardiac output was decreased. However, RV-arterial coupling was markedly deteriorated, with a ~50% decrease in the ratio of end-systolic to pulmonary arterial elastances (Ees/Ea). Lung tissue expressions of endothelin-1, angiopoietin-1, and bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 were similarly altered compared with previously observed after 3-month shunting. At the RV tissue level, pro-apoptotic ratio of Bax-to-Bcl-2 expressions and caspase-3 activation were increased, along with an increase in cardiomyocyte size, while expressions in voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv1.5 and Kv2.1) and angiogenic factors (angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor) were decreased. Right ventricular expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] and natriuretic peptide precursors (NPPA and NPPB) were increased. There was an inverse correlation between RV Ees/Ea and pro-apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 ratios. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged left-to-right shunting in piglets does not further aggravate pulmonary vasculopathy, but is a cause of RV failure, which appears related to an activation of apoptosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Rondelet
- Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Lennik Road, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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31
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Li T, Feng CY, von Bartheld CS. How to make rapid eye movements "rapid": the role of growth factors for muscle contractile properties. Pflugers Arch 2011; 461:373-86. [PMID: 21279379 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-011-0925-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Different muscle functions require different muscle contraction properties. Saccade-generating extraocular muscles (EOMs) are the fastest muscles in the human body, significantly faster than limb skeletal muscles. Muscle contraction speed is subjected to plasticity, i.e., contraction speed can be adjusted to serve different demands, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that control contraction speed. Therefore, we examined whether myogenic growth factors modulate contractile properties, including twitch contraction time (onset of force to peak force) and half relaxation time (peak force to half relaxation). We examined effects of three muscle-derived growth factors: insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), cardiotrophin-1 (CT1), and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). In gain-of-function experiments, CT1 or GDNF injected into the orbit shortened contraction time, and IGF1 or CT1 shortened half relaxation time. In loss-of-function experiments with binding proteins or neutralizing antibodies, elimination of endogenous IGFs prolonged both contraction time and half relaxation time, while eliminating endogenous GDNF prolonged contraction time, with no effect on half relaxation time. Elimination of endogenous IGFs or CT1, but not GDNF, significantly reduced contractile force. Thus, IGF1, CT1, and GDNF have partially overlapping but not identical effects on muscle contractile properties. Expression of these three growth factors was measured in chicken and/or rat EOMs by real-time PCR. The "fast" EOMs express significantly more message encoding these growth factors and their receptors than skeletal muscles with slower contractile properties. Taken together, these findings indicate that EOM contractile kinetics is regulated by the amount of myogenic growth factors available to the muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, MS 352, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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Chimenti I, Smith RR, Li TS, Gerstenblith G, Messina E, Giacomello A, Marbán E. Relative roles of direct regeneration versus paracrine effects of human cardiosphere-derived cells transplanted into infarcted mice. Circ Res 2010; 106:971-80. [PMID: 20110532 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.210682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 495] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Multiple biological mechanisms contribute to the efficacy of cardiac cell therapy. Most prominent among these are direct heart muscle and blood vessel regeneration from transplanted cells, as opposed to paracrine enhancement of tissue preservation and/or recruitment of endogenous repair. OBJECTIVE Human cardiac progenitor cells, cultured as cardiospheres (CSps) or as CSp-derived cells (CDCs), have been shown to be capable of direct cardiac regeneration in vivo. Here we characterized paracrine effects in CDC transplantation and investigated their relative importance versus direct differentiation of surviving transplanted cells. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro, many growth factors were found in media conditioned by human adult CSps and CDCs; CDC-conditioned media exerted antiapoptotic effects on neonatal rat ventricular myocytes, and proangiogenic effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In vivo, human CDCs secreted vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor 1 when transplanted into the same SCID mouse model of acute myocardial infarction where they were previously shown to improve function and to produce tissue regeneration. Injection of CDCs in the peri-infarct zone increased the expression of Akt, decreased apoptotic rate and caspase 3 level, and increased capillary density, indicating overall higher tissue resilience. Based on the number of human-specific cells relative to overall increases in capillary density and myocardial viability, direct differentiation quantitatively accounted for 20% to 50% of the observed effects. CONCLUSIONS Together with their spontaneous commitment to cardiac and angiogenic differentiation, transplanted CDCs serve as "role models," recruiting endogenous regeneration and improving tissue resistance to ischemic stress. The contribution of the role model effect rivals or exceeds that of direct regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isotta Chimenti
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Differential in vitro effects of insulin on Taenia crassiceps and Taenia solium cysticerci. J Helminthol 2009; 83:403-12. [PMID: 19549345 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x09990265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hormones play a significant role in murine cysticercosis (Taenia crassiceps), and increase the frequency of porcine cysticercosis caused by Taenia solium. In the present study, we report the in vitro effect of insulin on the larval stages of T. crassiceps (ORF strain) and T. solium. In vitro exposure of T. crassiceps cysticerci to insulin was found to stimulate this parasite's reproduction twofold with respect to control values, while the same treatment had no effect on T. solium cysticerci. Moreover, normal female mice (BALB/cAnN) infected with T. crassiceps cysticerci previously exposed to insulin presented larger parasite loads than mice inoculated with vehicle-treated cysticerci. To determine the possible molecular mechanisms by which insulin affects T. crassiceps, the insulin receptor was amplified by means of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Interestingly, both T. crassiceps and T. solium expressed the insulin receptor, although insulin had effects only on T. crassiceps. These results demonstrate that insulin has a dichotomistic effect; it acts directly only on T. crassiceps cysticerci reproduction, possibly through its binding to a specific insulin receptor synthesized by the parasite. Thus, insulin may be recognized by T. crassiceps cysticercus cells as a mitogenic factor, and contribute to parasite proliferation inside the host, as well as to the female mouse susceptibility to T.crassiceps. This phenomenon has not been reported for cysticercosis caused by T. solium, which could, in part, be related to the poor effect of insulin upon the human parasite.
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