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Zhang J, Yan H, Wang Y, Yue X, Wang M, Liu L, Qiao P, Zhu Y, Li Z. Emerging insights into pulmonary hypertension: the potential role of mitochondrial dysfunction and redox homeostasis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05096-9. [PMID: 39254871 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is heterogeneous diseases that can lead to death due to progressive right heart failure. Emerging evidence suggests that, in addition to its role in ATP production, changes in mitochondrial play a central role in their pathogenesis, regulating integrated metabolic and signal transduction pathways. This review focuses on the basic principles of mitochondrial redox status in pulmonary vascular and right ventricular disorders, a series of dysfunctional processes including mitochondrial quality control (mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial unfolded protein response) and mitochondrial redox homeostasis. In addition, we will summarize how mitochondrial renewal and dynamic changes provide innovative insights for studying and evaluating PH. This will provide us with a clearer understanding of the initial signal transmission of mitochondria in PH, which would further improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huimin Yan
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xian Yue
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Qiao
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yixuan Zhu
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Ye Q, Cui Y, Wu Y, Cao S, Hu F. Impact and mechanisms of drag-reducing polymers on shear stress regulation in pulmonary hypertension. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024:CH242281. [PMID: 38905038 DOI: 10.3233/ch-242281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a refractory disease characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure and resistance. Drag-reducing polymers (DRPs) are blood-soluble macromolecules that reduce vascular resistance by altering the blood dynamics and rheology. Our previous work indicated that polyethylene oxide (PEO) can significantly reduce the medial wall thickness and vascular resistance of the pulmonary arteries, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. METHODS This study was designed to investigate the role and mechanism of PEO on intracellular calcium [Ca2 +] i and cytoskeletal proteins of endothelial cells (ECs) induced by low shear stress (LSS) in PH. Primary Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells (PAECs) were subjected to steady LSS (1 dyn/cm2) or physiological shear stress (SS) (10 dyn/cm2) for 20 h in a BioFlux 200 flow system. Calcium influx assays were conducted to evaluate the mechanisms of PEO on [Ca2 +] i. Subsequently, taking the key protein that induces cytoskeletal remodeling, the regulatory light chain (RLC) phosphorylation, as the breakthrough point, this study focused on the two key pathways of PEO that regulate phosphorylation of RLC: Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) pathways. RESULTS Our current research revealed that PEO at LSS (1 dyn/cm2) significantly suppressed LSS-induced [Ca2 +] i and the expression level of transient receptor potential channel 1(TRPC1). In addition, ECs convert LSS stimuli into the upregulation of cytoskeletal proteins, including filamentous actin (F-actin), MLCK, ROCK, p-RLC, and pp-RLC. Further experiments using pharmacological inhibitors demonstrated that PEO at the LSS downregulated cytoskeleton-related proteins mainly through the ROCK and MLCK pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study considered intracellular calcium and cytoskeleton rearrangement as entry points to study the application of PEO in the biomedical field, which has important theoretical significance and practical application value for the treatment of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqi Cui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunjiang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sipei Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Mou K, Chan SMH, Vlahos R. Musculoskeletal crosstalk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities: Emerging roles and therapeutic potentials. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108635. [PMID: 38508342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifaceted respiratory disorder characterized by progressive airflow limitation and systemic implications. It has become increasingly apparent that COPD exerts its influence far beyond the respiratory system, extending its impact to various organ systems. Among these, the musculoskeletal system emerges as a central player in both the pathogenesis and management of COPD and its associated comorbidities. Muscle dysfunction and osteoporosis are prevalent musculoskeletal disorders in COPD patients, leading to a substantial decline in exercise capacity and overall health. These manifestations are influenced by systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal imbalances, all hallmarks of COPD. Recent research has uncovered an intricate interplay between COPD and musculoskeletal comorbidities, suggesting that muscle and bone tissues may cross-communicate through the release of signalling molecules, known as "myokines" and "osteokines". We explored this dynamic relationship, with a particular focus on the role of the immune system in mediating the cross-communication between muscle and bone in COPD. Moreover, we delved into existing and emerging therapeutic strategies for managing musculoskeletal disorders in COPD. It underscores the development of personalized treatment approaches that target both the respiratory and musculoskeletal aspects of COPD, offering the promise of improved well-being and quality of life for individuals grappling with this complex condition. This comprehensive review underscores the significance of recognizing the profound impact of COPD on the musculoskeletal system and its comorbidities. By unravelling the intricate connections between these systems and exploring innovative treatment avenues, we can aspire to enhance the overall care and outcomes for COPD patients, ultimately offering hope for improved health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mou
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stanley M H Chan
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Zhang J, Li Q, Liao P, Xiao R, Zhu L, Hu Q. Calcium sensing receptor: A promising therapeutic target in pulmonary hypertension. Life Sci 2024; 340:122472. [PMID: 38290572 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. The increased pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance due to sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling can lead to right heart failure and eventual death. A rise in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and enhanced pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation contribute to pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Recent studies demonstrated that extracellular calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) as a G-protein coupled receptor participates in [Ca2+]i increase induced by hypoxia in the experimental animals of PH and in PH patients. Pharmacological blockade or gene knockout of CaSR significantly attenuates the development of PH. This review will aim to discuss and update the pathogenicity of CaSR attributed to onset and progression in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinli Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Dongxihu District Wuhan City and Union Dongxihu Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pu Liao
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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5
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Zhou J, Guo D, Xu ZZ, Liao JS, Li XT, Duan K, Chen SY, Xie WB. Nupr1-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype transformation involved in methamphetamine induces pulmonary hypertension. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:13. [PMID: 38347241 PMCID: PMC10861617 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09849-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1) is a multifunctional stress-induced protein involved in the regulation of tumorigenesis, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, its role in pulmonary hypertension (PH) after METH exposure remains unexplored. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether METH can induce PH and describe the role and mechanism of Nupr1 in the development of PH. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were made to induce pulmonary hypertension (PH) upon chronic intermittent treatment with METH. Their right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was measured to assess pulmonary artery pressure. Pulmonary artery morphometry was determined by H&E staining and Masson staining. Nupr1 expression and function were detected in human lungs, mice lungs exposed to METH, and cultured pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) with METH treatment. Our results showed that chronic intermittent METH treatment successfully induced PH in mice. Nupr1 expression was increased in the cultured PASMCs, pulmonary arterial media from METH-exposed mice, and METH-ingested human specimens compared with control. Elevated Nupr1 expression promoted PASMC phenotype change from contractile to synthetic, which triggered pulmonary artery remodeling and resulted in PH formation. Mechanistically, Nupr1 mediated the opening of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) by activating the expression of STIM1, thereby promoting Ca2+ influx and inducing phenotypic conversion of PASMCs. CONCLUSIONS Nupr1 activation could promote Ca2+ influx through STIM1-mediated SOCE opening, which promoted METH-induced pulmonary artery remodeling and led to PH formation. These results suggested that Nupr1 played an important role in METH-induced PH and might be a potential target for METH-related PH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Xu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Shun Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ting Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Duan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Wei-Bing Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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Shima N, Yamamura A, Fujiwara M, Amano T, Matsumoto K, Sekine T, Okano H, Kondo R, Suzuki Y, Yamamura H. Up-regulated expression of two-pore domain K + channels, KCNK1 and KCNK2, is involved in the proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1343804. [PMID: 38410243 PMCID: PMC10894933 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1343804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and rare disease in the cardiopulmonary system. Its pathogenesis involves vascular remodeling of the pulmonary artery, which results in progressive increases in pulmonary arterial pressure. Chronically increased pulmonary arterial pressure causes right ventricular hypertrophy and subsequent right heart failure. Pulmonary vascular remodeling is attributed to the excessive proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), which are induced by enhanced Ca2+ signaling following the up-/down-regulation of ion channel expression. Objectives In the present study, the functional expression of two-pore domain potassium KCNK channels was investigated in PASMCs from idiopathic PAH (IPAH) patients and experimental pulmonary hypertensive (PH) animals. Results In IPAH-PASMCs, the expression of KCNK1/TWIK1 and KCNK2/TREK1 channels was up-regulated, whereas that of KCNK3/TASK1 and KCNK6/TWIK2 channels was down-regulated. The similar up-regulated expression of KCNK1 and KCNK2 channels was observed in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscles of monocrotaline-induced PH rats, Sugen 5416/hypoxia-induced PH rats, and hypoxia-induced PH mice. The facilitated proliferation of IPAH-PASMCs was suppressed by the KCNK channel blockers, quinine and tetrapentylammonium. The migration of IPAH-PASMCs was also suppressed by these channel blockers. Furthermore, increases in the proliferation and migration were inhibited by the siRNA knockdown of KCNK1 or KCNK2 channels. The siRNA knockdown also caused membrane depolarization and subsequent decrease in cytosolic [Ca2+]. The phosphorylated level of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was elevated in IPAH-PASMCs compared to normal-PASMCs. The increased phosphorylation was significantly reduced by the siRNA knockdown of KCNK1 or KCNK2 channels. Conclusion Collectively, these findings indicate that the up-regulated expression of KCNK1 and KCNK2 channels facilitates the proliferation and migration of PASMCs via enhanced Ca2+ signaling and JNK signaling pathway, which is associated with vascular remodeling in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Shima
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Moe Fujiwara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taiki Amano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taiga Sekine
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruka Okano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rubii Kondo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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Hopkins CD, Wessel C, Chen O, El-Kersh K, Cave MC, Cai L, Huang J. Potential Roles of Metals in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary and Systemic Hypertension. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5036-5054. [PMID: 37928257 PMCID: PMC10620830 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary and systemic hypertension (PH, SH) are characterized by vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling resulting in increased vascular resistance and pulmonary/aortic artery pressures. The chronic stress leads to inflammation, oxidative stress, and infiltration by immune cells. Roles of metals in these diseases, particularly PH are largely unknown. This review first discusses the pathophysiology of PH including vascular oxidative stress, inflammation, and remodeling in PH; mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic changes in PH; ion channel and its alterations in the pathogenesis of PH as well as PH-associated right ventricular (RV) remodeling and dysfunctions. This review then summarizes metal general features and essentiality for the cardiovascular system and effects of metals on systemic blood pressure. Lastly, this review explores non-essential and essential metals and potential roles of their dyshomeostasis in PH and RV dysfunction. Although it remains early to conclude the role of metals in the pathogenesis of PH, emerging direct and indirect evidence implicates the possible contributions of metal-mediated toxicities in the development of PH. Future research should focus on comprehensive clinical metallomics study in PH patients; mechanistic evaluations to elucidate roles of various metals in PH animal models; and novel therapy clinical trials targeting metals. These important discoveries will significantly advance our understandings of this rare yet fatal disease, PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Danielle Hopkins
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Caitlin Wessel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Oscar Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Karim El-Kersh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Matthew C. Cave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Transplant Program at UofL Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jiapeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Transplant Program at UofL Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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Balistrieri A, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Pathophysiology and pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension: role of membrane receptors, ion channels, and Ca 2+ signaling. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1827-1897. [PMID: 36422993 PMCID: PMC10110735 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary circulation is a low-resistance, low-pressure, and high-compliance system that allows the lungs to receive the entire cardiac output. Pulmonary arterial pressure is a function of cardiac output and pulmonary vascular resistance, and pulmonary vascular resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the intraluminal radius of the pulmonary artery. Therefore, a very small decrease of the pulmonary vascular lumen diameter results in a significant increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a fatal and progressive disease with poor prognosis. Regardless of the initial pathogenic triggers, sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction, concentric vascular remodeling, occlusive intimal lesions, in situ thrombosis, and vascular wall stiffening are the major and direct causes for elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and other forms of precapillary pulmonary hypertension. In this review, we aim to discuss the basic principles and physiological mechanisms involved in the regulation of lung vascular hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular function, the changes in the pulmonary vasculature that contribute to the increased vascular resistance and arterial pressure, and the pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension. We focus on reviewing the pathogenic roles of membrane receptors, ion channels, and intracellular Ca2+ signaling in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Mamazhakypov A, Maripov A, Sarybaev AS, Schermuly RT, Sydykov A. Osteopontin in Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051385. [PMID: 37239056 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathological condition with multifactorial etiology, which is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that circulating osteopontin may serve as a biomarker of PH progression, severity, and prognosis, as well as an indicator of maladaptive right ventricular remodeling and dysfunction. Moreover, preclinical studies in rodent models have implicated osteopontin in PH pathogenesis. Osteopontin modulates a plethora of cellular processes within the pulmonary vasculature, including cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, extracellular matrix synthesis, and inflammation via binding to various receptors such as integrins and CD44. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of osteopontin regulation and its impact on pulmonary vascular remodeling, as well as consider research issues required for the development of therapeutics targeting osteopontin as a potential strategy for the management of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Abdirashit Maripov
- Department of Mountain and Sleep Medicine and Pulmonary Hypertension, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek 720040, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Akpay S Sarybaev
- Department of Mountain and Sleep Medicine and Pulmonary Hypertension, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek 720040, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Kawade A, Yamamura A, Kondo R, Suzuki Y, Yamamura H. Corosolic acid ameliorates vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension via the downregulation of STAT3 signaling. J Pharmacol Sci 2023; 151:119-127. [PMID: 36707177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fatal disease that is characterized by vascular remodeling of the pulmonary artery. PAH remodeling is primarily caused by the excessive proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Therefore, an inhibitory mechanism is expected as a target for the treatment of PAH. Corosolic acid (CRA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from the leaves of Banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa) that exerts anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. In the present study, the effects of CRA on PAH remodeling were examined using PASMCs from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients and monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertensive (PH) rats. CRA inhibited the excessive proliferation of IPAH-PASMCs in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 14.1 μM). It also reduced the migration of IPAH-PASMCs. The CRA treatment downregulated the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in IPAH-PASMCs. In MCT-PH rats, the administration of CRA (1 mg/kg/day) attenuated increases in right ventricular systolic pressure, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and right ventricular hypertrophy. CRA also decreased the expression of STAT3 in pulmonary arterial smooth muscles from MCT-PH rats. In conclusion, the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects of CRA in PASMCs ameliorated PAH remodeling by downregulating STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Kawade
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Rubii Kondo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.
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Jimenez C, Hawn MB, Akin E, Leblanc N. Translational potential of targeting Anoctamin-1-Encoded Calcium-Activated chloride channels in hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115320. [PMID: 36279919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCC) provide a depolarizing stimulus to a variety of tissues through chloride efflux in response to a rise in internal Ca2+ and voltage. One of these channels, Anoctamin-1 (ANO1 or TMEM16A) is now recognized to play a central role in promoting smooth muscle tone in various types of blood vessels. Its role in hypertension, and thus the therapeutic promise of targeting ANO1, is less straightforward. This review gives an overview of our current knowledge about the potential role ANO1 may play in hypertension within the systemic, portal, and pulmonary vascular systems and the importance of this information when pursuing potential treatment strategies. While the role of ANO1 is well-established in several forms of pulmonary hypertension, its contributions to both the generation of vascular tone and its role in hypertension within the systemic and portal systems are much less clear. This, combined with ANO1's various roles throughout a multitude of tissues throughout the body, command caution when targeting ANO1 as a therapeutic target and may require tissue-selective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Jimenez
- Department of Pharmacology and Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Matthew B Hawn
- Department of Pharmacology and Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Elizabeth Akin
- Department of Pharmacology and Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Normand Leblanc
- Department of Pharmacology and Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
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12
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Alsabeelah N, Kumar V. Protective Effect of Triclosan in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: FASN Inhibition a Novel Approach. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2022; 14:171-177. [PMID: 37051426 PMCID: PMC10084994 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_307_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Novel pharmacological approaches are needed to improve the outcomes of patients with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitors have shown beneficial effects in preclinical models of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), because of their role in the regulation of pulmonary artery vasoconstrictor tone and remodeling. Objective We compared a Triclosan (FASN inhibitor), for the first time with the dual endothelin receptor antagonist, macitentan, in a monocrotaline-induced rat pulmonary hypertension model. Methods Different methods (hemodynamics, histology of right ventricle and pulmonary vessels, and circulating biomarkers) showed consistently that 30 mg/kg daily of Triclosan (FASN inhibitor) and 10 mg/kg daily of macitentan slowed the progression of PAH both at the functional and structural levels. Results Treatments started on day 14 after monocrotaline injection and lasted 14 days. The findings of all experimental methods show that the FASN inhibitor has more similar effects as compared to macitentan. Conclusion Our study reveals that inhibition of FAS decreases RV hypertrophy and improves cardiac function associated with PAH with the regulation of metabolic functions and governs further studies to establish "FASN inhibitor as a potential therapeutic approach" for the management of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimer Alsabeelah
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Pharmacy College, University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, KIET Group of Institutions (KIET School of Pharmacy), Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Xu H, He Y, Hong T, Bi C, Li J, Xia M. Piezo1 in vascular remodeling of atherosclerosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension: A potential therapeutic target. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1021540. [PMID: 36247424 PMCID: PMC9557227 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1021540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling (VR) is a structural and functional change of blood vessels to adapt to the changes of internal and external environment. It is one of the common pathological features of many vascular proliferative diseases. The process of VR is mainly manifested in the changes of vascular wall structure and function, including intimal hyperplasia, thickening or thinning of media, fibrosis of adventitia, etc. These changes are also the pathological basis of aging and various cardiovascular diseases. Mechanical force is the basis of cardiovascular biomechanics, and the newly discovered mechanical sensitive ion channel Piezo1 is widely distributed in the whole cardiovascular system. Studies have confirmed that Piezo1, a mechanically sensitive ion channel, plays an important role in cardiovascular remodeling diseases. This article reviews the molecular mechanism of Piezo1 in atherosclerosis, hypertension and pulmonary hypertension, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the further study of vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yu He
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Tianying Hong
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Cong Bi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Jing Li
| | - Mingfeng Xia
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Mingfeng Xia
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14
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Hirakawa K, Aoki T, Tsuji A, Ogo T. Pulmonary arterial hypertension sensitive to calcium channel blocker, but not advanced pulmonary hypertension treatment: a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022; 6:ytac351. [PMID: 36072422 PMCID: PMC9446687 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytac351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Calcium channel blockers (CCB), the first accepted treatment, is effective only in a small number of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (I-PAH) patients with vasoreactivity [these patients are identified by a positive acute pulmonary vasoreactive test (AVT) response]. While the majority of I-PAH patients is non-vasoreactive and CCB non-responders, modern advanced pulmonary hypertension (PH)-specific therapies, which act on one of the three different mechanistic pathways-endothelin, nitric oxide (NO), and prostacyclin pathways, are effective. Treatment response to advanced PH-specific vasodilators in PAH patients with vasoreactivity is unknown. Case summary A 30-year-old woman with I-PAH was referred to our centre with worsening symptoms and deteriorating PH. She was being administered oral triple combination of advanced PH-specific treatment including a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, an endothelin receptor antagonist, and a long-acting prostacyclin analogue. The patient showed positive AVT with NO inhalation while on these advanced PH-specific drugs. We added high-dose CCB, which dramatically normalized her pulmonary blood pressure without further symptoms, and she has remained stable for 5 years. Discussion Our case describes a PAH patient with vasoreactivity, who was resistant to three different types of advanced PH-specific vasodilators but was exclusively sensitive to CCB treatment. Some CCB responders may have a specific CCB-sensitive PAH phenotype refractory to other pulmonary vasodilators. This case highlights the role of identifying CCB responders in this era of use of modern, advanced PH-specific vasodilators. The investigation of the mechanisms underlying CCB sensitivity in PAH is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Hirakawa
- Division of Pulmonary Circulation, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, 6-1, Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Aoki
- Division of Pulmonary Circulation, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, 6-1, Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tsuji
- Division of Pulmonary Circulation, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, 6-1, Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ogo
- Division of Pulmonary Circulation, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, 6-1, Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
- Department of Advanced Medicine in Pulmonary Hypertension, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
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Amano T, Yamamura A, Fujiwara M, Hirai S, Kondo R, Suzuki Y, Yamamura H. Upregulated ClC3 channels/transporters elicit swelling-activated Cl - currents and induce excessive cell proliferation in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1684-1691. [PMID: 35989293 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vascular remodeling of the pulmonary artery, which is mainly attributed to the excessive proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) comprising the medial layer of pulmonary arteries. The activity of ion channels associated with cytosolic Ca2+ signaling regulates the pathogenesis of PAH. Limited information is currently available on the role of Cl- channels in PASMCs. Therefore, the functional expression of ClC3 channels/transporters was herein investigated in the PASMCs of normal subjects and patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Expression analyses revealed the upregulated expression of ClC3 channels/transporters at the mRNA and protein levels in IPAH-PASMCs. Hypoosmotic perfusion (230 mOsm) evoked swelling-activated Cl- currents (ICl-swell) in normal-PASMCs, whereas 100 μM 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) exerted the opposite effects. The siRNA knockdown of ClC3 did not affect ICl-swell. On the other hand, ICl-swell was larger in IPAH-PASMCs and inhibited by DIDS and the siRNA knockdown of ClC3. IPAH-PASMCs grew more than normal-PASMCs. The growth of IPAH-PASMCs was suppressed by niflumic acid and DIDS, but not by 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid or T16Ainh-A01. The siRNA knockdown of ClC3 also inhibited the proliferation of IPAH-PASMCs. Collectively, the present results indicate that upregulated ClC3 channels/transporters are involved in ICl-swell and the excessive proliferation of IPAH-PASMCs, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of PAH. Therefore, ClC3 channels/transporters have potential as a target of therapeutic drugs for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Amano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University
| | - Moe Fujiwara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Seiji Hirai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Rubii Kondo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
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Beñaldo FA, Araya-Quijada C, Ebensperger G, Herrera EA, Reyes RV, Moraga FA, Riquelme A, Gónzalez-Candia A, Castillo-Galán S, Valenzuela GJ, Serón-Ferré M, Llanos AJ. Cinaciguat (BAY-582667) Modifies Cardiopulmonary and Systemic Circulation in Chronically Hypoxic and Pulmonary Hypertensive Neonatal Lambs in the Alto Andino. Front Physiol 2022; 13:864010. [PMID: 35733986 PMCID: PMC9207417 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.864010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal pulmonary hypertension (NPHT) is produced by sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and increased vascular remodeling. Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) participates in signaling pathways that induce vascular vasodilation and reduce vascular remodeling. However, when sGC is oxidized and/or loses its heme group, it does not respond to nitric oxide (NO), losing its vasodilating effects. sGC protein expression and function is reduced in hypertensive neonatal lambs. Currently, NPHT is treated with NO inhalation therapy; however, new treatments are needed for improved outcomes. We used Cinaciguat (BAY-582667), which activates oxidized and/or without heme group sGC in pulmonary hypertensive lambs studied at 3,600 m. Our study included 6 Cinaciguat-treated (35 ug kg−1 day−1x 7 days) and 6 Control neonates. We measured acute and chronic basal cardiovascular variables in pulmonary and systemic circulation, cardiovascular variables during a superimposed episode of acute hypoxia, remodeling of pulmonary arteries and changes in the right ventricle weight, vasoactive functions in small pulmonary arteries, and expression of NO-sGC-cGMP signaling pathway proteins involved in vasodilation. We observed a decrease in pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance during the acute treatment. In contrast, the pulmonary pressure did not change in the chronic study due to increased cardiac output, resulting in lower pulmonary vascular resistance in the last 2 days of chronic study. The latter may have had a role in decreasing right ventricular hypertrophy, although the direct effect of Cinaciguat on the heart should also be considered. During acute hypoxia, the pulmonary vascular resistance remained low compared to the Control lambs. We observed a higher lung artery density, accompanied by reduced smooth muscle and adventitia layers in the pulmonary arteries. Additionally, vasodilator function was increased, and vasoconstrictor function was decreased, with modifications in the expression of proteins linked to pulmonary vasodilation, consistent with low pulmonary vascular resistance. In summary, Cinaciguat, an activator of sGC, induces cardiopulmonary modifications in chronically hypoxic and pulmonary hypertensive newborn lambs. Therefore, Cinaciguat is a potential therapeutic tool for reducing pulmonary vascular remodeling and/or right ventricular hypertrophy in pulmonary arterial hypertension syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A. Beñaldo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Araya-Quijada
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Germán Ebensperger
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emilio A. Herrera
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- International Center for Andean Studies (INCAS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto V. Reyes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando A. Moraga
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Alexander Riquelme
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Sebastián Castillo-Galán
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Research and Innovation Center Biomedical (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo J. Valenzuela
- Department of Women’s Health, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - María Serón-Ferré
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aníbal J. Llanos
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- International Center for Andean Studies (INCAS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Aníbal J. Llanos,
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Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) describes heterogeneous population of patients with a mean pulmonary arterial pressure >20 mm Hg. Rarely, PH presents as a primary disorder but is more commonly part of a complex phenotype associated with comorbidities. Regardless of the cause, PH reduces life expectancy and impacts quality of life. The current clinical classification divides PH into 1 of 5 diagnostic groups to assign treatment. There are currently no pharmacological cures for any form of PH. Animal models are essential to help decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease, to assign genotype-phenotype relationships to help identify new therapeutic targets, and for clinical translation to assess the mechanism of action and putative efficacy of new therapies. However, limitations inherent of all animal models of disease limit the ability of any single model to fully recapitulate complex human disease. Within the PH community, we are often critical of animal models due to the perceived low success upon clinical translation of new drugs. In this review, we describe the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of existing animal models developed to gain insight into the molecular and pathological mechanisms and test new therapeutics, focusing on adult forms of PH from groups 1 to 3. We also discuss areas of improvement for animal models with approaches combining several hits to better reflect the clinical situation and elevate their translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucherat
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vineet Agrawal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Allan Lawrie
- Dept of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK & Insigneo institute for in silico medicine, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sebastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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18
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Miyaki R, Yamamura A, Kawade A, Fujiwara M, Kondo R, Suzuki Y, Yamamura H. SKF96365 activates calcium-sensing receptors in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 607:44-48. [PMID: 35366542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), an increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) is involved in many physiological processes such as cell contraction and proliferation. However, chronic [Ca2+]cyt increases cause pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, resulting in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Therefore, [Ca2+]cyt signaling plays a substantial role in the regulation of physiological and pathological functions in PASMCs. In the present study, the effects of SKF96365 on [Ca2+]cyt were examined in PASMCs from normal subjects and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients. SKF96365 is widely used as a blocker of non-selective cation channels. SKF96365 did not affect the resting [Ca2+]cyt in normal-PASMCs. However, SKF96365 increased [Ca2+]cyt in IPAH-PASMCs in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50 = 18 μM). The expression of Ca2+-sensing receptors (CaSRs) was higher in IPAH-PASMCs than in normal-PASMCs. The SKF96365-induced [Ca2+]cyt increase was inhibited by CaSR antagonists, NPS2143 and Calhex 231. The CaSR-mediated [Ca2+]cyt increase was facilitated by SKF96365 and the activation was blocked by NPS2143 or Calhex 231. In addition, the SKF96365-induced [Ca2+]cyt increase was reduced by siRNA knockdown of CaSRs. Taken together, SKF96365 activates CaSRs in IPAH-PASMCs and promotes [Ca2+]cyt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riko Miyaki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Akiko Kawade
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Moe Fujiwara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Rubii Kondo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori Mizuhoku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
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Castillo-Galán S, Riquelme B, Iturriaga R. Crucial Role of Stromal Interaction Molecule-Activated TRPC-ORAI Channels in Vascular Remodeling and Pulmonary Hypertension Induced by Intermittent Hypoxia. Front Physiol 2022; 13:841828. [PMID: 35370769 PMCID: PMC8969100 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.841828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a sleep breathing disorder featured by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), is associate with pulmonary hypertension. Rats exposed to CIH develop lung vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension, which paralleled the upregulation of stromal interaction molecule (STIM)-activated TRPC-ORAI Ca2+ channels (STOC) in the lung, suggesting that STOC participate in the pulmonary vascular alterations. Accordingly, to evaluate the role played by STOC in pulmonary hypertension we studied whether the STOC blocker 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) may prevent the vascular remodeling and the pulmonary hypertension induced by CIH in a rat model of OSA. We assessed the effects of 2-APB on right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), pulmonary vascular remodeling, α-actin and proliferation marker Ki-67 levels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC), mRNA levels of STOC subunits, and systemic and pulmonary oxidative stress (TBARS) in male Sprague-Dawley (200 g) rats exposed to CIH (5% O2, 12 times/h for 8h) for 28 days. At 14 days of CIH, osmotic pumps containing 2-APB (10 mg/kg/day) or its vehicle were implanted and rats were kept for 2 more weeks in CIH. Exposure to CIH for 28 days raised RVSP > 35 mm Hg, increased the medial layer thickness and the levels of α-actin and Ki-67 in PASMC, and increased the gene expression of TRPC1, TRPC4, TRPC6 and ORAI1 subunits. Treatment with 2-APB prevented the raise in RVSP and the increment of the medial layer thickness, as well as the increased levels of α-actin and Ki-67 in PASMC, and the increased gene expression of STOC subunits. In addition, 2-APB did not reduced the lung and systemic oxidative stress, suggesting that the effects of 2-APB on vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension are independent on the reduction of the oxidative stress. Thus, our results supported that STIM-activated TRPC-ORAI Ca2+ channels contributes to the lung vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension induced by CIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Castillo-Galán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bárbara Riquelme
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Iturriaga
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- *Correspondence: Rodrigo Iturriaga,
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20
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Deng L, Chen J, Chen B, Wang T, Yang L, Liao J, Yi J, Chen Y, Wang J, Linneman J, Niu Y, Gou D. LncPTSR Triggers Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension by Regulating [Ca2+]i in Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:524-538. [PMID: 35148256 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0480oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by vascular remodeling and sustained increase in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP). The molecular mechanisms behind PH development remain unclear. Here, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) attenuated by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) was identified and its functional roles were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Using RNA-seq data and rapid amplification of cDNA ends, a lncRNA neighboring the locus of plasma membrane calcium transporting ATPase 4 (PMCA4) was identified and named lncPTSR. It is a highly-conserved nuclear lncRNA, and was downregulated in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) with PDGF-BB stimulation or hypoxia induction. Gene interruption/overexpression assays revealed that lncPTSR negatively regulates rat PASMCs proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. LncPTSR interruption in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats using adenovirus associated virus type 9 (AAV9)-mediated short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) resulted in a significant increase in RVSP and vascular remodeling in normoxic condition. LncPTSR knockdown also suppressed PMCA4 expression and attenuated the intracellular Ca2+ efflux of PASMCs in vitro and in vivo. Further studies suggest a complex cross-talk between lncPTSR and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway: inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) abolishes the PDGF-BB-mediated lncPTSR downregulation, and lncPTSR plays a feedback regulation for MAPK signaling molecules. The present study suggests that lncPTSR participates in pulmonary artery (PA) remodeling via modulating the expression of PMCA4 and intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis downstream of PDGF-BB driven MEK/ERK signaling. These results suggest lncPTSR may be a promising therapeutic target in PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Deng
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China;
| | | | - Bin Chen
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Liao
- Guangzhou Medical University, 26468, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junbo Yi
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University, 26468, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- University of California San Diego, 8784, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - John Linneman
- Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, 12275, St Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Yanqin Niu
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Deming Gou
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
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Tanreqing Injection Regulates Cell Function of Hypoxia-Induced Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (HPASMCs) through TRPC1/CX3CL1 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3235102. [PMID: 35186183 PMCID: PMC8856792 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3235102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) is due to hypoxia caused by vascular endothelial cell remolding and damage. Previous studies have suggested that CX3CL1 plays an important role in HPAH which is affected by oxidative stress. Ca2+ channel activation correlated with increasing NF-κB levels induced by ROS. Tanreqing injection (TRQ) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for acute upper respiratory tract infection and acute pneumonia. In the present study, we explored the effect of TRQ on human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) undergoing hypoxia and feasible molecular mechanisms involved in. Cell proliferation was assayed using CCK8 kits. Immunofluorescence and western blotting along with ELISA assay were performed to investigate the effect of TRQ on hypoxia-induced ROS, Ca2+, hydroxyl free radicals, and the expression of Ca2+ channel protein TRPC1, CX3CR1, HIF-1α, NF-κBp65, and p-NF-κBp65 in HPASMCs. Human CX3CL1 and the inhibitor of TRPC1 as SKF96365 were used for further investigation. TRQ inhibited hypoxia-induced increasing cell adhesion, ROS, Ca2+, hydroxyl free radicals, CX3CR1, HIF-1α, NF-κBp65 activation, and even on TRPC1 expression in HPASMC which tended to be attenuated even reversed by CX3CL1. Our results suggested that TRQ might help to attenuate remodeling of HPASMC through inhibiting the ROS and TRPC1/CX3CL1 signaling pathway.
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Liang S, Yegambaram M, Wang T, Wang J, Black SM, Tang H. Mitochondrial Metabolism, Redox, and Calcium Homeostasis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020341. [PMID: 35203550 PMCID: PMC8961787 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, secondary to sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and excessive obliterative pulmonary vascular remodeling. Work over the last decade has led to the identification of a critical role for metabolic reprogramming in the PAH pathogenesis. It is becoming clear that in addition to its role in ATP generation, the mitochondrion is an important organelle that regulates complex and integrative metabolic- and signal transduction pathways. This review focuses on mitochondrial metabolism alterations that occur in deranged pulmonary vessels and the right ventricle, including abnormalities in glycolysis and glucose oxidation, fatty acid oxidation, glutaminolysis, redox homeostasis, as well as iron and calcium metabolism. Further understanding of these mitochondrial metabolic mechanisms could provide viable therapeutic approaches for PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; (S.L.); (J.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Manivannan Yegambaram
- Center for Translational Science, 11350 SW Village Pkwy, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA; (M.Y.); (T.W.)
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Translational Science, 11350 SW Village Pkwy, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA; (M.Y.); (T.W.)
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; (S.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Stephen M. Black
- Center for Translational Science, 11350 SW Village Pkwy, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA; (M.Y.); (T.W.)
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology & Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
- Correspondence: (S.M.B.); (H.T.)
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; (S.L.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.B.); (H.T.)
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23
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Jain PP, Lai N, Xiong M, Chen J, Babicheva A, Zhao T, Parmisano S, Zhao M, Paquin C, Matti M, Powers R, Balistrieri A, Kim NH, Valdez-Jasso D, Thistlethwaite PA, Shyy JYJ, Wang J, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. TRPC6, a therapeutic target for pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L1161-L1182. [PMID: 34704831 PMCID: PMC8715021 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00159.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal and progressive disease. Sustained vasoconstriction due to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) contraction and concentric arterial remodeling due partially to PASMC proliferation are the major causes for increased pulmonary vascular resistance and increased pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) including PAH and PH due to respiratory diseases or hypoxemia. We and others observed upregulation of TRPC6 channels in PASMCs from patients with PAH. A rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in PASMC triggers PASMC contraction and vasoconstriction, while Ca2+-dependent activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a pivotal signaling cascade for cell proliferation and gene expression. Despite evidence supporting a pathological role of TRPC6, no selective and orally bioavailable TRPC6 antagonist has yet been developed and tested for treatment of PAH or PH. In this study, we sought to investigate whether block of receptor-operated Ca2+ channels using a nonselective blocker of cation channels, 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB, administered intraperitoneally) and a selective blocker of TRPC6, BI-749327 (administered orally) can reverse established PH in mice. The results from the study show that intrapulmonary application of 2-APB (40 µM) or BI-749327 (3-10 µM) significantly and reversibly inhibited acute alveolar hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. Intraperitoneal injection of 2-APB (1 mg/kg per day) significantly attenuated the development of PH and partially reversed established PH in mice. Oral gavage of BI-749327 (30 mg/kg, every day, for 2 wk) reversed established PH by ∼50% via regression of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Furthermore, 2-APB and BI-749327 both significantly inhibited PDGF- and serum-mediated phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR in PASMC. In summary, the receptor-operated and mechanosensitive TRPC6 channel is a good target for developing novel treatment for PAH/PH. BI-749327, a selective TRPC6 blocker, is potentially a novel and effective drug for treating PAH and PH due to respiratory diseases or hypoxemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Boron Compounds/pharmacology
- Calcium Signaling
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/antagonists & inhibitors
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/genetics
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh P Jain
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ning Lai
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sophia Parmisano
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Manjia Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Cole Paquin
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Moreen Matti
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ryan Powers
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nick H Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniela Valdez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Patricia A Thistlethwaite
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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24
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Jain PP, Zhao T, Xiong M, Song S, Lai N, Zheng Q, Chen J, Carr SG, Babicheva A, Izadi A, Rodriguez M, Rahimi S, Balistrieri F, Rahimi S, Simonson T, Valdez-Jasso D, Thistlethwaite PA, Shyy JYJ, Wang J, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Halofuginone, a promising drug for treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:3373-3394. [PMID: 33694155 PMCID: PMC9792225 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Halofuginone is a febrifugine derivative originally isolated from Chinese traditional herb Chang Shan that exhibits anti-hypertrophic, anti-fibrotic and anti-proliferative effects. We sought to investigate whether halofuginone induced pulmonary vasodilation and attenuates chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Patch-clamp experiments were conducted to examine the activity of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Digital fluorescence microscopy was used to measure intracellular Ca2+ concentration in PASMCs. Isolated perfused and ventilated mouse lungs were used to measure pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). Mice exposed to hypoxia (10% O2 ) for 4 weeks were used as model of HPH for in vivo experiments. KEY RESULTS Halofuginone increased voltage-gated K+ (Kv ) currents in PASMCs and K+ currents through KCNA5 channels in HEK cells transfected with KCNA5 gene. HF (0.03-1 μM) inhibited receptor-operated Ca2+ entry in HEK cells transfected with calcium-sensing receptor gene and attenuated store-operated Ca2+ entry in PASMCs. Acute (3-5 min) intrapulmonary application of halofuginone significantly and reversibly inhibited alveolar hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction dose-dependently (0.1-10 μM). Intraperitoneal administration of halofuginone (0.3 mg·kg-1 , for 2 weeks) partly reversed established PH in mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Halofuginone is a potent pulmonary vasodilator by activating Kv channels and blocking VDCC and receptor-operated and store-operated Ca2+ channels in PASMCs. The therapeutic effect of halofuginone on experimental PH is probably due to combination of its vasodilator effects, via inhibition of excitation-contraction coupling and anti-proliferative effects, via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh P. Jain
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ning Lai
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Amin Izadi
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shamin Rahimi
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Francesca Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shayan Rahimi
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tatum Simonson
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daniela Valdez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Patricia A. Thistlethwaite
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John Y.-J. Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason X.-J. Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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25
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Targeting JP2: A New Treatment for Pulmonary Hypertension. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2003446. [PMID: 34394822 PMCID: PMC8363443 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2003446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease with a complex etiology and high mortality rate. Abnormal pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling lead to an increase in mean pulmonary arterial blood pressure for which, and there is currently no cure. Junctophilin-2 (JP2) is beneficial for the assembly of junctional membrane complexes, the structural basis for excitation-contraction coupling that tethers the plasma membrane to the sarcoplasmic reticulum/endoplasmic reticulum and is involved in maintaining intracellular calcium concentration homeostasis and normal muscle contraction function. Recent studies have shown that JP2 maintains normal contraction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. In some experimental studies of drug treatments for PH, JP2 expression was increased, which improved pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular function. Based on JP2 research to date, this paper summarizes the current understanding of JP2 protein structure, function, and related heart diseases and mechanisms and analyzes the feasibility and possible therapeutic strategies for targeting JP2 in PH.
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26
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Ion channels as convergence points in the pathology of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1855-1865. [PMID: 34346486 PMCID: PMC8421048 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease of the cardiopulmonary system that lacks curative treatments. The main pathological event in PAH is elevated vascular resistance in the pulmonary circulation, caused by abnormal vasoconstriction and vascular remodelling. Ion channels are key determinants of vascular smooth muscle tone and homeostasis, and four PAH channelopathies (KCNK3, ABCC8, KCNA5, TRPC6) have been identified so far. However, the contribution of ion channels in other forms of PAH, which account for the majority of PAH patients, has been less well characterised. Here we reason that a variety of triggers of PAH (e.g. BMPR2 mutations, hypoxia, anorectic drugs) that impact channel function may contribute to the onset of the disease. We review the molecular mechanisms by which these ‘extrinsic’ factors converge on ion channels and provoke their dysregulation to promote the development of PAH. Ion channels of the pulmonary vasculature are therefore promising therapeutic targets because of the modulation they provide to both vasomotor tone and proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells.
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27
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Rodriguez M, Chen J, Jain PP, Babicheva A, Xiong M, Li J, Lai N, Zhao T, Hernandez M, Balistrieri A, Parmisano S, Simonson T, Breen E, Valdez-Jasso D, Thistlethwaite PA, Shyy JYJ, Wang J, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Upregulation of Calcium Homeostasis Modulators in Contractile-To-Proliferative Phenotypical Transition of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:714785. [PMID: 34408668 PMCID: PMC8364962 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.714785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and migration are implicated in the development of pathogenic pulmonary vascular remodeling characterized by concentric arterial wall thickening and arteriole muscularization in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell contractile-to-proliferative phenotypical transition is a process that promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling. A rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration [(Ca2+) cyt ] in PASMCs is a trigger for pulmonary vasoconstriction and a stimulus for pulmonary vascular remodeling. Here, we report that the calcium homeostasis modulator (CALHM), a Ca2+ (and ATP) channel that is allosterically regulated by voltage and extracellular Ca2+, is upregulated during the PASMC contractile-to-proliferative phenotypical transition. Protein expression of CALHM1/2 in primary cultured PASMCs in media containing serum and growth factors (proliferative PASMC) was significantly greater than in freshly isolated PA (contractile PASMC) from the same rat. Upregulated CALHM1/2 in proliferative PASMCs were associated with an increased ratio of pAKT/AKT and pmTOR/mTOR and an increased expression of the cell proliferation marker PCNA, whereas serum starvation and rapamycin significantly downregulated CALHM1/2. Furthermore, CALHM1/2 were upregulated in freshly isolated PA from rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH and in primary cultured PASMC from patients with PAH in comparison to normal controls. Intraperitoneal injection of CGP 37157 (0.6 mg/kg, q8H), a non-selective blocker of CALHM channels, partially reversed established experimental PH. These data suggest that CALHM upregulation is involved in PASMC contractile-to-proliferative phenotypical transition. Ca2+ influx through upregulated CALHM1/2 may play an important role in the transition of sustained vasoconstriction to excessive vascular remodeling in PAH or precapillary PH. Calcium homeostasis modulator could potentially be a target to develop novel therapies for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisela Rodriguez
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pritesh P. Jain
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jifeng Li
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lai
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Moises Hernandez
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Sophia Parmisano
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Tatum Simonson
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ellen Breen
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Daniela Valdez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - John Y. -J. Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jason X. -J. Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
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28
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Hu W, Zhao F, Chen L, Ni J, Jiang Y. NAADP-induced intracellular calcium ion is mediated by the TPCs (two-pore channels) in hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7485-7499. [PMID: 34263977 PMCID: PMC8335677 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a form of obstructive vascular disease. Chronic hypoxic exposure leads to excessive proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. This condition can potentially be aggravated by [Ca2+] i mobilization. In the present study, hypoxia exposure of rat's model was established. Two‐pore segment channels (TPCs) silencing was achieved in rats' models by injecting Lsh‐TPC1 or Lsh‐TPC2. The effects of TPC1/2 silencing on PAH were evaluated by H&E staining detecting pulmonary artery wall thickness and ELISA assay kit detecting NAADP concentrations in lung tissues. TPC1/2 silencing was achieved in PASMCs and PAECs, and cell proliferation was detected by MTT and BrdU incorporation assays. As the results shown, NAADP‐activated [Ca2+]i shows to be mediated via two‐pore segment channels (TPCs) in PASMCs, with TPC1 being the dominant subtype. NAADP generation and TPC1/2 mRNA and protein levels were elevated in the hypoxia‐induced rat PAH model; NAADP was positively correlated with TPC1 and TPC2 expression, respectively. In vivo, Lsh‐TPC1 or Lsh‐TPC2 infection significantly improved the mean pulmonary artery pressure and PAH morphology. In vitro, TPC1 silencing inhibited NAADP‐AM‐induced PASMC proliferation and [Ca2+]i in PASMCs, whereas TPC2 silencing had minor effects during this process; TPC2 silencing attenuated NAADP‐AM‐ induced [Ca2+]i and ECM in endothelial cells, whereas TPC1 silencing barely ensued any physiological changes. In conclusion, TPC1/2 might provide a unifying mechanism within pulmonary arterial hypertension, which can potentially be regarded as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hu
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jiamin Ni
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yongliang Jiang
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
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Wu D, Dasgupta A, Read AD, Bentley RET, Motamed M, Chen KH, Al-Qazazi R, Mewburn JD, Dunham-Snary KJ, Alizadeh E, Tian L, Archer SL. Oxygen sensing, mitochondrial biology and experimental therapeutics for pulmonary hypertension and cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:150-178. [PMID: 33450375 PMCID: PMC8217091 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The homeostatic oxygen sensing system (HOSS) optimizes systemic oxygen delivery. Specialized tissues utilize a conserved mitochondrial sensor, often involving NDUFS2 in complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, as a site of pO2-responsive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS are converted to a diffusible signaling molecule, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), by superoxide dismutase (SOD2). H2O2 exits the mitochondria and regulates ion channels and enzymes, altering plasma membrane potential, intracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+-sensitization and controlling acute, adaptive, responses to hypoxia that involve changes in ventilation, vascular tone and neurotransmitter release. Subversion of this O2-sensing pathway creates a pseudohypoxic state that promotes disease progression in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and cancer. Pseudohypoxia is a state in which biochemical changes, normally associated with hypoxia, occur despite normal pO2. Epigenetic silencing of SOD2 by DNA methylation alters H2O2 production, activating hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, thereby disrupting mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics, accelerating cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Other epigenetic mechanisms, including dysregulation of microRNAs (miR), increase pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 expression in both diseases, favoring uncoupled aerobic glycolysis. This Warburg metabolic shift also accelerates cell proliferation and impairs apoptosis. Disordered mitochondrial dynamics, usually increased mitotic fission and impaired fusion, promotes disease progression in PAH and cancer. Epigenetic upregulation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and its binding partners, MiD49 and MiD51, contributes to the pathogenesis of PAH and cancer. Finally, dysregulation of intramitochondrial Ca2+, resulting from impaired mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUC) function, links abnormal mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics. MiR-mediated decreases in MCUC function reduce intramitochondrial Ca2+, promoting Warburg metabolism, whilst increasing cytosolic Ca2+, promoting fission. Epigenetically disordered mitochondrial O2-sensing, metabolism, dynamics, and Ca2+ homeostasis offer new therapeutic targets for PAH and cancer. Promoting glucose oxidation, restoring the fission/fusion balance, and restoring mitochondrial calcium regulation are promising experimental therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Asish Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Austin D Read
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Rachel E T Bentley
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mehras Motamed
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kuang-Hueih Chen
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ruaa Al-Qazazi
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D Mewburn
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kimberly J Dunham-Snary
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Elahe Alizadeh
- Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit (QCPU), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 116 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3J9, Canada
| | - Lian Tian
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Pal-Ghosh R, Xue D, Warburton R, Hill N, Polgar P, Wilson JL. CDC2 Is an Important Driver of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation via FOXM1 and PLK1 in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6943. [PMID: 34203295 PMCID: PMC8268698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A key feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is the hyperplastic proliferation exhibited by the vascular smooth muscle cells from patients (HPASMC). The growth inducers FOXM1 and PLK1 are highly upregulated in these cells. The mechanism by which these two proteins direct aberrant growth in these cells is not clear. Herein, we identify cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), also termed cell division cycle protein 2 (CDC2), as having a primary role in promoting progress of the cell cycle leading to proliferation in HPASMC. HPASMC obtained from PAH patients and pulmonary arteries from Sugen/hypoxia rats were investigated for their expression of CDC2. Protein levels of CDC2 were much higher in PAH than in cells from normal donors. Knocking down FOXM1 or PLK1 protein expression with siRNA or pharmacological inhibitors lowered the cellular expression of CDC2 considerably. However, knockdown of CDC2 with siRNA or inhibiting its activity with RO-3306 did not reduce the protein expression of FOXM1 or PLK1. Expression of CDC2 and FOXM1 reached its maximum at G1/S, while PLK1 reached its maximum at G2/M phase of the cell cycle. The expression of other CDKs such as CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, CDK7, and CDK9 did not change in PAH HPASMC. Moreover, inhibition via Wee1 inhibitor adavosertib or siRNAs targeting Wee1, Myt1, CDC25A, CDC25B, or CDC25C led to dramatic decreases in CDC2 protein expression. Lastly, we found CDC2 expression at the RNA and protein level to be upregulated in pulmonary arteries during disease progression Sugen/hypoxia rats. In sum, our present results illustrate that the increased expression of FOXM1 and PLK1 in PAH leads directly to increased expression of CDC2 resulting in potentiated growth hyperactivity of PASMC from patients with pulmonary hypertension. Our results further suggest that the regulation of CDC2, or associated regulatory proteins, will prove beneficial in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Pal-Ghosh
- Tupper Research Institute and Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (R.P.-G.); (D.X.); (R.W.); (N.H.); (P.P.)
| | - Danfeng Xue
- Tupper Research Institute and Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (R.P.-G.); (D.X.); (R.W.); (N.H.); (P.P.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Rod Warburton
- Tupper Research Institute and Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (R.P.-G.); (D.X.); (R.W.); (N.H.); (P.P.)
| | - Nicholas Hill
- Tupper Research Institute and Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (R.P.-G.); (D.X.); (R.W.); (N.H.); (P.P.)
| | - Peter Polgar
- Tupper Research Institute and Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (R.P.-G.); (D.X.); (R.W.); (N.H.); (P.P.)
| | - Jamie L. Wilson
- Tupper Research Institute and Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (R.P.-G.); (D.X.); (R.W.); (N.H.); (P.P.)
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Shimoda LA. Cellular Pathways Promoting Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling by Hypoxia. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 35:222-233. [PMID: 32490752 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00039.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to hypoxia increases pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and, potentially, right heart failure. Vascular remodeling is an important contributor to the increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Hyperproliferation of smooth muscle, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, and deposition of extracellular matrix lead to increased wall thickness, extension of muscle into normally non-muscular arterioles, and vascular stiffening. This review highlights intrinsic and extrinsic modulators contributing to the remodeling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa A Shimoda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Liu P, Huang W, Ding Y, Wu J, Liang Z, Huang Z, Xie W, Kong H. Fasudil Dichloroacetate Alleviates SU5416/Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Ameliorating Dysfunction of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:1653-1666. [PMID: 33935492 PMCID: PMC8076841 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s297500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an incurable disease that urgently needs therapeutic approaches. Based on the therapeutic effects of fasudil and dichloroacetate (DCA) on PAH, we aimed to explore the effects and potential mechanism of a new salt, fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA), in a SU5416 plus hypoxia (SuHx)-induced rat model of PAH. Methods The rat model of PAH was established by a single subcutaneous injection of SU5416 (20 mg/kg) followed by hypoxia (10% O2) exposure for 3 weeks. FDCA (15, 45, or 135 mg/kg i.g. daily) or the positive control, bosentan (100 mg/kg i.g. daily), were administered from the first day after SU5416 injection. After 3-week hypoxia, hemodynamic parameters, and histological changes of the pulmonary arterial vessels and right ventricle (RV) were assessed. Additionally, in vitro, the effects of FDCA (50 μM), compared with equimolar doses of fasudil, DCA, or fasudil+DCA, on the proliferation, migration, and contraction of human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) under hypoxia (1% O2) were evaluated. Results FDCA dose-dependently attenuated SuHx-induced PAH, with significant reductions in RV systolic pressure, pulmonary artery wall thickness, pulmonary vessel muscularization, perivascular fibrosis, as well as RV hypertrophy and fibrosis. In vitro, FDCA inhibited hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation, migration, and contraction to a greater degree than fasudil or DCA alone by restoring mitochondrial function, reducing intracellular Ca2+, and inhibiting calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (Ca2+/CaMK) activity as well as Rho-kinase activity. Conclusion FDCA ameliorates hypoxia-induced PASMC dysfunction by inhibiting both Ca2+/CaMK and Rho-kinase signaling pathways, as well as maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, thus alleviating SuHx-induced PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yirui Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
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Wang M, Liu Y, Liang Y, Naruse K, Takahashi K. Systematic Understanding of Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Related Conditions-Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:649785. [PMID: 33928135 PMCID: PMC8076504 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.649785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a role in intracellular signal transduction under physiological conditions while also playing an essential role in diseases such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and diabetes, as well as in the process of aging. The influence of ROS has some influence on the frequent occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in diabetic patients. In this review, we considered the pathophysiological relationship between diabetes and CVD from the perspective of ROS. In addition, considering organ damage due to ROS elevation during ischemia-reperfusion, we discussed heart and lung injuries. Furthermore, we have focused on the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and L-type calcium channels as molecular targets for ROS in ROS-induced tissue damages and have discussed about the pathophysiological mechanism of the injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ken Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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34
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Fazal S, Bisserier M, Hadri L. Molecular and Genetic Profiling for Precision Medicines in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030638. [PMID: 33805595 PMCID: PMC7999465 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and chronic lung disease characterized by progressive occlusion of the small pulmonary arteries, which is associated with structural and functional alteration of the smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells within the pulmonary vasculature. Excessive vascular remodeling is, in part, responsible for high pulmonary vascular resistance and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure, increasing the transpulmonary gradient and the right ventricular “pressure overload”, which may result in right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and failure. Current technological advances in multi-omics approaches, high-throughput sequencing, and computational methods have provided valuable tools in molecular profiling and led to the identification of numerous genetic variants in PAH patients. In this review, we summarized the pathogenesis, classification, and current treatments of the PAH disease. Additionally, we outlined the latest next-generation sequencing technologies and the consequences of common genetic variants underlying PAH susceptibility and disease progression. Finally, we discuss the importance of molecular genetic testing for precision medicine in PAH and the future of genomic medicines, including gene-editing technologies and gene therapies, as emerging alternative approaches to overcome genetic disorders in PAH.
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35
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Muralidharan P, Acosta MF, Gomez AI, Grijalva C, Tang H, Yuan JXJ, Mansour HM. Design and Comprehensive Characterization of Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) for Targeted Lung Delivery as Inhalation Aerosols in Pulmonary Hypertension (PH): In Vitro Human Lung Cell Culture and In Vivo Efficacy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030427. [PMID: 33799587 PMCID: PMC7998162 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the first study reporting on the design and development innovative inhaled formulations of the novel natural product antioxidant therapeutic, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), also known as ligustrazine. TMP is obtained from Chinese herbs belonging to the class of Ligusticum. It is known to have antioxidant properties. It can act as a Nrf2/ARE activator and a Rho/ROCK inhibitor. The present study reports for the first time on the comprehensive characterization of raw TMP (non-spray dried) and spray dried TMP in a systematic manner using thermal analysis, electron microscopy, optical microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The in vitro aerosol dispersion performance of spray dried TMP was tested using three different FDA-approved unit-dose capsule-based human dry powder inhaler devices. In vitro human cellular studies were conducted on pulmonary cells from different regions of the human lung to examine the biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity of TMP. Furthermore, the efficacy of inhaled TMP as both liquid and dry powder inhalation aerosols was tested in vivo using the monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Muralidharan
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (P.M.); (M.F.A.); (A.I.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Maria F. Acosta
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (P.M.); (M.F.A.); (A.I.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Alexan I. Gomez
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (P.M.); (M.F.A.); (A.I.G.); (C.G.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (H.T.); (J.X.-J.Y.)
| | - Carissa Grijalva
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (P.M.); (M.F.A.); (A.I.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Haiyang Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (H.T.); (J.X.-J.Y.)
| | - Jason X.-J. Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (H.T.); (J.X.-J.Y.)
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Heidi M. Mansour
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (P.M.); (M.F.A.); (A.I.G.); (C.G.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (H.T.); (J.X.-J.Y.)
- The BIO5 Research Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Institute of the Environment, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-520-626-2768
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Yang Q, Hou C, Yang K, Wang J, Chen Y. Response to Michiel Alexander de Raaf et al. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:475-476. [PMID: 33442030 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-00605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China.,Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Tian H, Liu L, Wu Y, Wang R, Jiang Y, Hu R, Zhu L, Li L, Fang Y, Yang C, Ji L, Liu G, Dai A. Resistin-like molecule β acts as a mitogenic factor in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension via the Ca 2+-dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPK signaling pathways. Respir Res 2021; 22:8. [PMID: 33407472 PMCID: PMC7789700 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation plays a crucial role in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Previous studies have found that resistin-like molecule β (RELM-β) is upregulated de novo in response to hypoxia in cultured human PASMCs (hPASMCs). RELM-β has been reported to promote hPASMC proliferation and is involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling in patients with PAH. However, the expression pattern, effects, and mechanisms of action of RELM-β in HPH remain unclear. Methods We assessed the expression pattern, mitogenetic effect, and mechanism of action of RELM-β in a rat HPH model and in hPASMCs. Results Overexpression of RELM-β caused hemodynamic changes in a rat model of HPH similar to those induced by chronic hypoxia, including increased mean right ventricular systolic pressure (mRVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) and thickening of small pulmonary arterioles. Knockdown of RELM-β partially blocked the increases in mRVSP, RVHI, and vascular remodeling induced by hypoxia. The phosphorylation levels of the PI3K, Akt, mTOR, PKC, and MAPK proteins were significantly up- or downregulated by RELM-β gene overexpression or silencing, respectively. Recombinant RELM-β protein increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in primary cultured hPASMCs and promoted hPASMC proliferation. The mitogenic effects of RELM-β on hPASMCs and the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, mTOR, PKC, and MAPK were suppressed by a Ca2+ inhibitor. Conclusions Our findings suggest that RELM-β acts as a cytokine-like growth factor in the development of HPH and that the effects of RELM-β are likely to be mediated by the Ca2+-dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heshen Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiwen Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongliang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruicheng Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linwei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Fang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chulan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianzhi Ji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Deng L, Chen J, Wang T, Chen B, Yang L, Liao J, Chen Y, Wang J, Tang H, Yi J, Kang K, Li L, Gou D. PDGF/MEK/ERK axis represses Ca 2+ clearance via decreasing the abundance of plasma membrane Ca 2+ pump PMCA4 in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C66-C79. [PMID: 32966125 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00290.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and lethal disease characterized by vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction, which is associated with increased intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i). Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is the most potent mitogen for pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and is involved in vascular remodeling during PAH development. PDGF signaling has been proved to participate in maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis of PASMCs; however, the mechanism needs to be further elucidated. Here, we illuminate that the expression of plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4 (PMCA4) was downregulated in PASMCs after PDGF-BB stimulation, which could be abolished by restraining the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK). Functionally, suppression of PMCA4 attenuated the [Ca2+]i clearance in PASMCs after Ca2+ entry, promoting cell proliferation and elevating cell locomotion through mediating formation of focal adhesion. Additionally, the expression of PMCA4 was decreased in the pulmonary artery of monocrotaline (MCT)- or hypoxia-induced PAH rats. Moreover, knockdown of PMCA4 could increase the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and wall thickness (WT) of pulmonary artery in rats raised under normal conditions. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the importance of the PDGF/MEK/ERK/PMCA4 axis in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in PASMCs, indicating a functional role of PMCA4 in pulmonary arterial remodeling and PAH development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Becaplermin/pharmacology
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Male
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/enzymology
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/enzymology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Vascular Remodeling
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jidong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbo Yi
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Kang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Deming Gou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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39
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Wang D, Zhu ZL, Lin DC, Zheng SY, Chuang KH, Gui LX, Yao RH, Zhu WJ, Sham JSK, Lin MJ. Magnesium Supplementation Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension via Regulation of Magnesium Transporters. Hypertension 2020; 77:617-631. [PMID: 33356397 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by profound vascular remodeling and altered Ca2+ homeostasis in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Magnesium ion (Mg2+), a natural Ca2+ antagonist and a cofactor for numerous enzymes, is crucial for regulating diverse cellular functions, but its roles in PH remains unclear. Here, we examined the roles of Mg2+ and its transporters in PH development. Chronic hypoxia and monocrotaline induced significant PH in adult male rats. It was associated with a reduction of [Mg2+]i in PASMCs, a significant increase in gene expressions of Cnnm2, Hip14, Hip14l, Magt1, Mmgt1, Mrs2, Nipa1, Nipa2, Slc41a1, Slc41a2 and Trpm7; upregulation of SLC41A1, SLC41A2, CNNM2, and TRPM7 proteins; and downregulation of SLC41A3 mRNA and protein. Mg2+ supplement attenuated pulmonary arterial pressure, right heart hypertrophy, and medial wall thickening of pulmonary arteries, and reversed the changes in the expression of Mg2+ transporters. Incubation of PASMCs with a high concentration of Mg2+ markedly inhibited PASMC proliferation and migration, and increased apoptosis, whereas a low level of Mg2+ produced the opposite effects. siRNA targeting Slc41a1/2, Cnnm2, and Trpm7 attenuated PASMC proliferation and migration, but promoted apoptosis; and Slc41a3 overexpression also caused similar effects. Moreover, siRNA targeting Slc41a1 or high [Mg2+] incubation inhibited hypoxia-induced upregulation and nuclear translocation of NFATc3 in PASMCs. The results, for the first time, provide the supportive evidence that Mg2+ transporters participate in the development of PH by modulating PASMC proliferation, migration, and apoptosis; and Mg2+ supplementation attenuates PH through regulation of Mg2+ transporters involving the NFATc3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang-Li Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Cen Lin
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yi Zheng
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Han Chuang
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Xin Gui
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru-Hui Yao
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jie Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - James S K Sham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.S.K.S.)
| | - Mo-Jun Lin
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
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40
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Yaoita N, Satoh K, Satoh T, Shimizu T, Saito S, Sugimura K, Tatebe S, Yamamoto S, Aoki T, Kikuchi N, Kurosawa R, Miyata S, Nagasaki M, Yasuda J, Shimokawa H. Identification of the Novel Variants in Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015902. [PMID: 33103541 PMCID: PMC7763425 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.015902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Although chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and acute pulmonary embolism (APE) share some clinical manifestations, a limited proportion of patients with CTEPH have a history of APE. Moreover, in histopathologic studies, it has been revealed that pulmonary vasculature lesions similar to pulmonary arterial hypertension existed in patients with CTEPH. Thus, it remains unknown whether these 3 disorders also share genetic backgrounds. Methods and Results Whole exome screening was performed with DNA isolated from 51 unrelated patients with CTEPH of Japanese ancestry. The frequency of genetic variants associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension or APE in patients with CTEPH was compared with those in the integrative Japanese Genome Variation Database 3.5KJPN. Whole exome screening analysis showed 17 049 nonsynonymous variants in patients with CTEPH. Although we found 6 nonsynonymous variants that are associated with APE in patients with CTEPH, there was no nonsynonymous variant associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Patients with CTEPH with a history of APE had nonsynonymous variants of F5, which encodes factor V. In contrast, patients with CTEPH without a history of APE had a nonsynonymous variant of THBD, which encodes thrombomodulin. Moreover, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, which is one of the pathogenic proteins in CTEPH, was significantly more activated in those who had the variants of THBD compared with those without it. Conclusions These results provide the first evidence that patients with CTEPH have some variants associated with APE, regardless of the presence or absence of a history of APE. Furthermore, the variants might be different between patients with CTEPH with and without a history of APE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Yaoita
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Kimio Satoh
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Taijyu Satoh
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Toru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Sakae Saito
- Department of Integrative GenomicsTohoku Medical Megabank OrganizationTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Koichiro Sugimura
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Shunsuke Tatebe
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Saori Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Tatsuo Aoki
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Nobuhiro Kikuchi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Ryo Kurosawa
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Masao Nagasaki
- Department of Integrative GenomicsTohoku Medical Megabank OrganizationTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Jun Yasuda
- Department of Integrative GenomicsTohoku Medical Megabank OrganizationTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
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41
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Jain PP, Hosokawa S, Xiong M, Babicheva A, Zhao T, Rodriguez M, Rahimi S, Pourhashemi K, Balistrieri F, Lai N, Malhotra A, Shyy JYJ, Valdez-Jasso D, Thistlethwaite PA, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Revisiting the mechanism of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction using isolated perfused/ventilated mouse lung. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894020956592. [PMID: 33282184 PMCID: PMC7691930 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020956592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction (HPV) is an important physiological mechanism of the lungs that matches perfusion to ventilation thus maximizing O2 saturation of the venous blood within the lungs. This study emphasizes on principal pathways in the initiation and modulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction with a primary focus on the role of Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ influx pathways in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. We used an ex vivo model, isolated perfused/ventilated mouse lung to evaluate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Alveolar hypoxia (utilizing a mini ventilator) rapidly and reversibly increased pulmonary arterial pressure due to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in the isolated perfused/ventilated lung. By applying specific inhibitors for different membrane receptors and ion channels through intrapulmonary perfusion solution in isolated lung, we were able to define the targeted receptors and channels that regulate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. We show that extracellular Ca2+ or Ca2+ influx through various Ca2+-permeable channels in the plasma membrane is required for hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ abolished hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, while blockade of L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (with nifedipine), non-selective cation channels (with 30 µM SKF-96365), and TRPC6/TRPV1 channels (with 1 µM SAR-7334 and 30 µM capsazepine, respectively) significantly and reversibly inhibited hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Furthermore, blockers of Ca2+-sensing receptors (by 30 µM NPS2143, an allosteric Ca2+-sensing receptors inhibitor) and Notch (by 30 µM DAPT, a γ-secretase inhibitor) also attenuated hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. These data indicate that Ca2+ influx in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells through voltage-dependent, receptor-operated, and store-operated Ca2+ entry pathways all contribute to initiation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. The extracellular Ca2+-mediated activation of Ca2+-sensing receptors and the cell-cell interaction via Notch ligands and receptors contribute to the regulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh P. Jain
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - Susumu Hosokawa
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical
and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
- Department of Critical Medicine, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - Shamin Rahimi
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - Kiana Pourhashemi
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - Francesca Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - Ning Lai
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
| | - John Y.-J. Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine,
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | | | | | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and
Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jason X.-J. Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of
Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
CA, USA
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42
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Gassmann M, Cowburn A, Gu H, Li J, Rodriguez M, Babicheva A, Jain PP, Xiong M, Gassmann NN, Yuan JXJ, Wilkins MR, Zhao L. Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension-Utilizing experiments of nature. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 178:121-131. [PMID: 32464698 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in pulmonary artery pressure is a common observation in adult mammals exposed to global alveolar hypoxia. It is considered a maladaptive response that places an increased workload on the right ventricle. The mechanisms initiating and maintaining the elevated pressure are of considerable interest in understanding pulmonary vascular homeostasis. There is an expectation that identifying the key molecules in the integrated vascular response to hypoxia will inform potential drug targets. One strategy is to take advantage of experiments of nature, specifically, to understand the genetic basis for the inter-individual variation in the pulmonary vascular response to acute and chronic hypoxia. To date, detailed phenotyping of highlanders has focused on haematocrit and oxygen saturation rather than cardiovascular phenotypes. This review explores what we can learn from those studies with respect to the pulmonary circulation. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.1/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Lima, Peru
| | - Andrew Cowburn
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hong Gu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Clinical Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Pediatrics, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pritesh P Jain
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Norina N Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lan Zhao
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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43
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Nagata A, Tagashira H, Kita S, Kita T, Nakajima N, Abe K, Iwasaki A, Iwamoto T. Genetic knockout and pharmacologic inhibition of NCX1 attenuate hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:793-798. [PMID: 32736709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Na+/Ca2+ exchanger type-1 (NCX1) is a bidirectional transporter that is controlled by membrane potential and transmembrane gradients of Na+ and Ca2+. Vascular smooth muscle NCX1 plays an important role in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and Ca2+ signaling. We found that NCX1 was upregulated in the pulmonary arteries of mice exposed to chronic hypoxia (10% O2 for 4 weeks). Hence, we investigated the pathophysiological role of NCX1 in hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), using NCX1-heterozygous (NCX1+/-) mice, in which NCX1 expression is reduced by half, and SEA0400, a specific NCX1 inhibitor. NCX1+/- mice exhibited attenuation of hypoxia-induced PAH and right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, continuous administration of SEA0400 (0.5 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) to wild-type mice by osmotic pumps significantly suppressed hypoxia-induced PAH and pulmonary vessel muscularization, with a slight reduction in RV hypertrophy. These findings indicate that the upregulation of NCX1 contributes to the development of hypoxia-induced PAH, suggesting that NCX1 inhibition might be a novel approach for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asahi Nagata
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of General Thoracic, Breast and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tagashira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satomi Kita
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Tomo Kita
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakajima
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akinori Iwasaki
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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44
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Short JH, Fatemi P, Ruoss S, Angelotti T. Clevidipine-Induced Extreme Hypoxemia in a Neurosurgical Patient: A Case Report. A A Pract 2020; 14:60-62. [PMID: 31770132 DOI: 10.1213/xaa.0000000000001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Clevidipine-induced pulmonary shunting is a little-reported adverse effect, manifesting as refractory hypoxemia, which may cause significant patient harm. We present the case of a mechanically ventilated patient admitted to the intensive care unit following a neurosurgical procedure. He was treated postoperatively with clevidipine for blood pressure management, and within 16 hours, he developed profound refractory hypoxemia, requiring increased ventilatory support. A workup for other causes was negative. The hypoxemia recovered within 1 hour of clevidipine discontinuation. Though other calcium channel blockers have been reported to cause pulmonary shunting from vasodilation, this is a novel case report for clevidipine-induced hypoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack H Short
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine/Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Stephen Ruoss
- Internal Medicine/Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Timothy Angelotti
- Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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45
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Ranasinghe ADCU, Lee DD, Schwarz MA. Mechanistic regulation of SPHK1 expression and translocation by EMAP II in pulmonary smooth muscle cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158789. [PMID: 32771459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of sphingosine by sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) produces the bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a microvascular and immuno-modulator associated with vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The low intracellular concentration of S1P is under tight spatial-temporal control. Molecular mechanisms that mediate S1P burden and S1P regulation of vascular remodeling are poorly understood. Similarities between two early response pro-inflammatory cytokine gene transcript activation profiles, S1P and Endothelial Monocyte Activating Polypeptide II (EMAP II), suggested a strategic link between their signaling pathways. We determined that EMAP II triggers a bimodal phosphorylation, transcriptional regulation and membrane translocation of SPHK1 through a common upstream process in both macrophages and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). EMAP II initiates a dual function of ERK1/2: phosphorylation of SPHK1 and regulation of the transcription factor EGR1 that induces expression of SPHK1. Activated ERK1/2 induces a bimodal phosphorylation of SPHK1 which reciprocally increases S1P levels. This identified common upstream signaling mechanism between a protein and a bioactive lipid initiates cell specific downstream signaling representing a multifactorial mechanism that contributes to inflammation and PASMC proliferation which are cardinal histopathological phenotypes of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dushani C U Ranasinghe
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, USA
| | - Daniel D Lee
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Margaret A Schwarz
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University, South Bend, IN, USA.
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46
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Mei L, Zheng YM, Song T, Yadav VR, Joseph LC, Truong L, Kandhi S, Barroso MM, Takeshima H, Judson MA, Wang YX. Rieske iron-sulfur protein induces FKBP12.6/RyR2 complex remodeling and subsequent pulmonary hypertension through NF-κB/cyclin D1 pathway. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3527. [PMID: 32669538 PMCID: PMC7363799 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) plays an important role in pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the underlying specific ion channel mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel activity and Ca2+ release both are increased, and association of RyR2 by FK506 binding protein 12.6 (FKBP12.6) is decreased in PASMCs from mice with chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced PH. Smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific RyR2 knockout (KO) or Rieske iron-sulfur protein (RISP) knockdown inhibits the altered Ca2+ signaling, increased nuclear factor (NF)-κB/cyclin D1 activation and cell proliferation, and CH-induced PH in mice. FKBP12.6 KO or FK506 treatment enhances CH-induced PH, while S107 (a specific stabilizer of RyR2/FKBP12.6 complex) produces an opposite effect. In conclusion, CH causes RISP-dependent ROS generation and FKBP12.6/RyR2 dissociation, leading to PH. RISP inhibition, RyR2/FKBP12.6 complex stabilization and Ca2+ release blockade may be potentially beneficial for the treatment of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Mei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Tengyao Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Vishal R Yadav
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Leroy C Joseph
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Lillian Truong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Margarida M Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Marc A Judson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, 12208, NY, USA.
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47
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Yamamura H, Suzuki Y, Yamamura A. [Pathophysiological roles of TRPC6 channels in pulmonary arterial hypertension]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2020; 155:230-235. [PMID: 32612035 DOI: 10.1254/fpj20001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and lethal disease of the pulmonary artery. The pathogenesis of PAH is mainly sustained vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling of the pulmonary artery. These pathogeneses cause progressive elevations in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure in PAH patients. Elevated pulmonary arterial pressure leads to right heart failure and finally death. The vascular remodeling is caused by the enhanced proliferation and reduced apoptosis of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Excitable abnormality in the pulmonary artery of PAH patients is mostly mediated by an elevated cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. PASMCs express several Ca2+-permeable channels including voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, store-operated Ca2+ (SOC) channels, and receptor-operated Ca2+ (ROC) channels. The activation and upregulation of these Ca2+ channels have been reported in PASMCs from PAH patients. Here, we analyzed pathophysiological functions of enhanced Ca2+ signaling mediated by SOC and ROC channels using PASMCs from idiopathic PAH patients and animal PAH models. Notch signal enhanced transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) "SOC" channels via direct (non-genomic and stimulatory) and indirect (genomic and upregulating) effects in PAH. On the other hand, the activation of Ca2+-sensing receptors evoked Ca2+ influx through TRPC6 "ROC" channels in PAH. In addition, TRPC6 channel blocker and TRPC6 gene deletion inhibited the development of PAH. Specifically, TRPC6 channels potentially form both ROC and SOC channels in PASMCs, which are involved in the pathophysiological events in PAH. Therefore, targeting TRPC6 channels in PASMCs may help develop novel therapeutic approach for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University
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48
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Wu K, Tang H, Lin R, Carr SG, Wang Z, Babicheva A, Ayon RJ, Jain PP, Xiong M, Rodriguez M, Rahimi S, Balistrieri F, Rahimi S, Valdez-Jasso D, Simonson TS, Desai AA, Garcia JG, Shyy JYJ, Thistlethwaite PA, Wang J, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Endothelial platelet-derived growth factor-mediated activation of smooth muscle platelet-derived growth factor receptors in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894020948470. [PMID: 33294172 PMCID: PMC7707860 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020948470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor is one of the major growth factors found in human and mammalian serum and tissues. Abnormal activation of platelet-derived growth factor signaling pathway through platelet-derived growth factor receptors may contribute to the development and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling and obliterative vascular lesions in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this study, we examined the expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor isoforms in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and investigated whether platelet-derived growth factor secreted from pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell or pulmonary arterial endothelial cell promotes pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Our results showed that the protein expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell was upregulated in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension compared to normal subjects. Platelet-derived growth factor activated platelet-derived growth factor receptor α and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell, as determined by phosphorylation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β. The platelet-derived growth factor-mediated activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α/platelet-derived growth factor receptor β was enhanced in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension-pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell compared to normal cells. Expression level of platelet-derived growth factor-AA and platelet-derived growth factor-BB was greater in the conditioned media collected from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension-pulmonary arterial endothelial cell than from normal pulmonary arterial endothelial cell. Furthermore, incubation of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension-pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell with conditioned culture media from normal pulmonary arterial endothelial cell induced more platelet-derived growth factor receptor α activation than in normal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell. Accordingly, the conditioned media from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension-pulmonary arterial endothelial cell resulted in more pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation than the media from normal pulmonary arterial endothelial cell. These data indicate that (a) the expression and activity of platelet-derived growth factor receptor are increased in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension-pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell compared to normal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell, and (b) pulmonary arterial endothelial cell from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients secretes higher level of platelet-derived growth factor than pulmonary arterial endothelial cell from normal subjects. The enhanced secretion (and production) of platelet-derived growth factor from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension-pulmonary arterial endothelial cell and upregulated platelet-derived growth factor receptor expression (and function) in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension-pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell may contribute to enhancing platelet-derived growth factor/platelet-derived growth factor receptor-associated pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wu
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory
Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory
Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhu Lin
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Department of Genetics and
Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shane G. Carr
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory
Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Ramon J. Ayon
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and
Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Pritesh P. Jain
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
- Department of Critical Medicine, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Shamin Rahimi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Francesca Balistrieri
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Shayan Rahimi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Daniela Valdez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Tatum S. Simonson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Ankit A. Desai
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana
University, Indinappolis, IN, USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - John Y.-J. Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine,
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Jian Wang
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory
Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Ayako Makino
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Division of Endocrinology
and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
| | - Jason X.-J. Yuan
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and
Sleep Medicine (Section of Physiology), University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
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49
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Chen Y, Kuang M, Liu S, Hou C, Duan X, Yang K, He W, Liao J, Zheng Q, Zou G, Chen H, Yan H, Chen J, Li Y, Zhou Y, Luo X, Jiang Q, Tang H, Lu W, Wang J. A novel rat model of pulmonary hypertension induced by mono treatment with SU5416. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:754-764. [PMID: 32472112 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is responsible for premature death caused by progressive and severe heart failure. A simple, feasible, and reproducible animal model of PH is essential for the investigation of the pathogenesis and treatment of this condition. Previous studies have demonstrated that the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitor SU5416 combined with hypoxia could establish an animal model of PH. Here, we investigated whether SU5416 itself could induce PH in rats. The effects of SU5416 treatment followed by 5 weeks of normoxia were examined. Hemodynamic measurements and histological assessments of the pulmonary vasculature and the heart were conducted to evaluate the physiological and pathophysiological characteristics of PH. Compared with the control rats, the SU5416-treated rats showed significantly increased right ventricle systolic pressure, right ventricle mass, total pulmonary vascular resistance, and total pulmonary vascular resistance index, while the cardiac output and cardiac index were substantially decreased. Moreover, the degree of occlusion and the muscularization levels of the distal small pulmonary vessels and the medial wall thickness of larger vessels (OD > 50 μm) simultaneously increased. SU5416 inhibited pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis in rats, as shown by immunostaining of cleaved caspase-3. Furthermore, changes in the right ventricle, myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial edema, myocardial necrosis, striated muscle cell atrophy, vessel muscularization, neointimal occlusion, and increased collagen deposition were observed in the SU5416 group compared with the control group. Thus, treatment with SU5416 alone plus 5 weeks of normoxia could be sufficient to induce PH in rats, which may provide a good and convenient model for future investigation of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meidan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chi Hou
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guofa Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Han Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Guangdong General Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
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50
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Chen Y, Lu W, Yang K, Duan X, Li M, Chen X, Zhang J, Kuang M, Liu S, Wu X, Zou G, Liu C, Hong C, He W, Liao J, Hou C, Zhang Z, Zheng Q, Chen J, Zhang N, Tang H, Vanderpool RR, Desai AA, Rischard F, Black SM, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ, Zhong N, Wang J. Tetramethylpyrazine: A promising drug for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2743-2764. [PMID: 31976548 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) was originally isolated from the traditional Chinese herb ligusticum and the fermented Japanese food natto and has since been synthesized. TMP has a long history of beneficial effects in the treatment of many cardiovascular diseases. Here we have evaluated the therapeutic effects of TMP on pulmonary hypertension (PH) in animal models and in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Three well-defined models of PH -chronic hypoxia (10% O2 )-induced PH (HPH), monocrotaline-induced PH (MCT-PH) and Sugen 5416/hypoxia-induced PH (SuHx-PH) - were used in Sprague-Dawley rats, and assessed by echocardiography, along with haemodynamic and histological techniques. Primary cultures of rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were used to study intracellular calcium levels. Western blots and RT-qPCR assays were also used. In the clinical cohort, patients with PAH or CTEPH were recruited. The effects of TMP were evaluated in all systems. KEY RESULTS TMP (100 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 ) prevented rats from developing experimental PH and ameliorated three models of established PH: HPH, MCT-PH and SuHx-PH. The therapeutic effects of TMP were accompanied by inhibition of intracellular calcium homeostasis in PASMCs. In a small cohort of patients with PAH or CTEPH, oral administration of TMP (100 mg, t.i.d. for 16 weeks) increased the 6-min walk distance and improved the 1-min heart rate recovery. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our results suggest that TMP is a novel and inexpensive medication for treatment of PH. Clinical trial is registered with www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR-IPR-14005379).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meidan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guofa Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Hou
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nuofu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Rebecca R Vanderpool
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Franz Rischard
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephen M Black
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, China.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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