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Nwokocha C, Palacios J, Ojukwu VE, Nna VU, Owu DU, Nwokocha M, McGrowder D, Orie NN. Oxidant-induced disruption of vascular K + channel function: implications for diabetic vasculopathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:361-372. [PMID: 35757993 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2090578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes in humans a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia, it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, disruptions to metabolism and vascular functions. It is also linked to oxidative stress and its complications. Its role in vascular dysfunctions is generally reported without detailed impact on the molecular mechanisms. Potassium ion channel (K+ channels) are key regulators of vascular tone, and as membrane proteins, are modifiable by oxidant stress associated with diabetes. This review manuscript examined the impact of oxidant stress on vascular K+ channel functions in diabetes, its implication in vascular complications and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Palacios
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Arturo Prat University, Iquique, Chile
| | - Victoria E Ojukwu
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Victor Udo Nna
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Udofia Owu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Donovan McGrowder
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Nelson N Orie
- Centre of Metabolism and Inflammation, University College London, London, UK
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Pepe M, Napoli G, Carulli E, Moscarelli M, Forleo C, Nestola PL, Biondi-Zoccai G, Giordano A, Favale S. Autoimmune diseases in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A risk factor for in-stent restenosis? Atherosclerosis 2021; 333:24-31. [PMID: 34418682 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite the relation between autoimmune diseases and increased atherosclerotic risk is established, the influence of autoimmune disorders on in-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is only partly known. ISR is an aberrant reparative process mainly characterized by an increased number of vascular smooth muscle cells and excessive deposition of extracellular proteoglycans and type III collagen. Chronic inflammation, always present in autoimmune diseases, modulates the endothelial response to PCI. Aim of this review is to resume the current evidence on the association between ISR and autoimmune diseases, focusing on pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature on the relationship between ISR and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid-antibodies syndrome (APS), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). RESULTS Patients affected with IDDM, RA, SLE, APS, IBD and HT proved to face higher rates of ISR compared to the general population. The endothelial dysfunction seems the principal common pathogenic pathway for ISR and is attributed to both the immune system disorder and the systemic inflammation. Some evidence suggested that methotrexate and anti-tumor necrosis factor treatments can be effective in reducing ISR, while antibodies against vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 showed to reduce neointimal hyperplasia in animal models. CONCLUSIONS Autoimmune diseases are a risk factor for ISR. The study of the potential cardiovascular benefits of the current therapies, mainly anti-inflammatory drugs, and the pursuit of innovative treatments appear of paramount interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Pepe
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari (BA), 70120, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Napoli
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari (BA), 70120, Italy
| | - Eugenio Carulli
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari (BA), 70120, Italy
| | - Marco Moscarelli
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Maria Cecilia Hospital GVM Care & Research, Via Via Corriera 1,Cotignola, 48033, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Cinzia Forleo
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari (BA), 70120, Italy
| | - Palma Luisa Nestola
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari (BA), 70120, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Republica 79, Latina, 04100,Latina, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Via Orazio 2, Napoli, 80122, Napoli, Italy
| | - Arturo Giordano
- Invasive Cardiology Unit, "Pineta Grande" Hospital, Via Domitiana km 30, Castel Volturno, 81030, Caserta, Italy
| | - Stefano Favale
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari (BA), 70120, Italy
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Nitric oxide differentially affects proteasome activator 28 after arterial injury in type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats. J Surg Res 2016; 202:413-21. [PMID: 27229117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic patients display aggressive restenosis after vascular interventions, likely because of proproliferative influences of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. We have shown that nitric oxide (NO) inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in type 2, but not in type 1, diabetic rats. Here, we examined proteasome activator 28 (PA28) after arterial injury in different diabetic environments, with or without NO. We hypothesize that NO differentially affects PA28 levels based on metabolic environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) lysates from male, nondiabetic Lean Zucker (LZ) and Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats were assayed for 26S proteasome activity with or without PA28 and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine. LZ and ZDF VSMCs were treated with (Z)-1-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl)amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate for 24 h. Balloon-injured carotid arteries from LZ, streptozotocin-injected LZ (STZ, type 1), and ZDF (type 2) rats treated with disodium 1-[2-(carboxylato)pyrrolidin-1-iyl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate were harvested at 3 or 14 d. PA28α was assessed by Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine reversed PA28-stimulated increases in 26S proteasome activity in LZ and ZDF VSMCs. Increased (Z)-1-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl)amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate lowered PA28α in LZ VSMCs but increased PA28α in ZDF VSMCs. At 3 d after injury, disodium 1-[2-(carboxylato)pyrrolidin-1-iyl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate potentiated injury-induced PA28α decreases in LZ, STZ, and ZDF rats, suggesting VSMCs, depleted at this early time point, are major sources of PA28α. At 14 d after injury, total PA28α staining returned to baseline. However, although intimal and medial PA28α staining increased in injured STZ rats, adventitial PA28α staining increased in injured ZDF rats. CONCLUSIONS PA28 dysregulation may explain the differential ability of NO to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in type 1 versus type 2 diabetes.
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Bahnson ESM, Vavra AK, Flynn ME, Vercammen JM, Jiang Q, Schwartz AR, Kibbe MR. Long-term effect of PROLI/NO on cellular proliferation and phenotype after arterial injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 90:272-86. [PMID: 26627935 PMCID: PMC4698201 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular interventions are associated with high failure rates from restenosis secondary to negative remodeling and neointimal hyperplasia. Periadventitial delivery of nitric oxide (NO) inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, preserving lumen patency. With the development of new localized delivery vehicles, NO-based therapies remain a promising therapeutic avenue for the prevention of restenosis. While the time course of events during neointimal development has been well established, a full characterization of the impact of NO donors on the cells that comprise the arterial wall has not been performed. Thus, the aim of our study was to perform a detailed assessment of proliferation, cellularity, inflammation, and phenotypic cellular modulation in injured arteries treated with the short-lived NO donor, PROLI/NO. PROLI/NO provided durable inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia for 6 months after arterial injury. PROLI/NO inhibited proliferation and cellularity in the media and intima at all of the time points studied. However, PROLI/NO caused an increase in adventitial proliferation at 2 weeks, resulting in increased cellularity at 2 and 8 weeks compared to injury alone. PROLI/NO promoted local protein S-nitrosation and increased local tyrosine nitration, without measurable systemic effects. PROLI/NO predominantly inhibited contractile smooth muscle cells in the intima and media, and had little to no effect on vascular smooth muscle cells or myofibroblasts in the adventitia. Finally, PROLI/NO caused a delayed and decreased leukocyte infiltration response after injury. Our results show that a short-lived NO donor exerts durable effects on proliferation, phenotype modulation, and inflammation that result in long-term inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward S M Bahnson
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ashley K Vavra
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Megan E Flynn
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Janet M Vercammen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Qun Jiang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amanda R Schwartz
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Melina R Kibbe
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Ho KJ, Xiong L, Hubert NA, Nadimpalli A, Wun K, Chang EB, Kibbe MR. Vancomycin treatment and butyrate supplementation modulate gut microbe composition and severity of neointimal hyperplasia after arterial injury. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/12/e12627. [PMID: 26660548 PMCID: PMC4760455 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial metabolites are increasingly recognized as determinants of health and disease. However, whether host–microbe crosstalk influences peripheral arteries is not understood. Neointimal hyperplasia, a proliferative and inflammatory response to arterial injury, frequently limits the long‐term benefits of cardiovascular interventions such as angioplasty, stenting, and bypass surgery. Our goal is to assess the effect of butyrate, one of the principal short chain fatty acids produced by microbial fermentation of dietary fiber, on neointimal hyperplasia development after angioplasty. Treatment of male Lewis Inbred rats with oral vancomycin for 4 weeks changed the composition of gut microbes as assessed by 16S rRNA‐based taxonomic profiling and decreased the concentration of circulating butyrate by 69%. In addition, rats treated with oral vancomycin had exacerbated neointimal hyperplasia development after carotid angioplasty. Oral supplementation of butyrate reversed these changes. Butyrate also inhibited vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression in a dose‐dependent manner in vitro. Our results suggest for the first time that gut microbial composition is associated with the severity of arterial remodeling after injury, potentially through an inhibitory effect of butyrate on VSMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Ho
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Liqun Xiong
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nathaniel A Hubert
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anuradha Nadimpalli
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kelly Wun
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eugene B Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Melina R Kibbe
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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6
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Microparticle levels after arterial injury and NO therapy in diabetes. J Surg Res 2015; 200:722-31. [PMID: 26490225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about how arterial injury, nitric oxide (NO), or the diabetic milieu impact microparticle (MP) levels in the vasculature. We hypothesized that MP levels would increase following local arterial injury, and that NO would modify MP levels differently based on the metabolic environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Type 1 diabetes was induced in male Lean Zucker (LZ) rats with streptozotocin, and type 2 diabetes was induced in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats through diet. Lean Zucker rats served as nondiabetic controls. The rat carotid balloon injury was performed ± NO (n > 4/group). Blood was obtained at intervals from baseline to 14 d after injury and analyzed for platelet MP (PMP), leukocyte MP (LMP), and endothelial MP (EMP) using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. RESULTS At baseline, type 1 diabetic rats had the highest EMP levels (P < 0.05). After arterial injury, type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats had a transient increase in EMP levels (P < 0.05) before decreasing below baseline levels. Both LMP and PMP levels generally declined after injury in all three animal models but were the lowest in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats. NO therapy had little impact on MP levels in nondiabetic and type 1 diabetic rats after injury. Conversely, NO caused a dramatic increase in EMP, LMP, and PMP levels in type 2 diabetic animals at early time points after injury (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that the diabetic milieu impacts MP levels at baseline, after arterial injury and with NO treatment.
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Rodriguez MP, Tsihlis ND, Emond ZM, Wang Z, Varu VN, Jiang Q, Vercammen JM, Kibbe MR. Nitric oxide affects UbcH10 levels differently in type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats. J Surg Res 2015; 196:180-9. [PMID: 25801975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) more effectively inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in type 2 diabetic versus nondiabetic and type 1 diabetic rodents. NO also decreases the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH10, which is critical to cell-cycle regulation. This study seeks to determine whether UbcH10 levels in the vasculature of diabetic animal models account for the differential efficacy of NO at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) harvested from nondiabetic lean Zucker (LZ) and type 2 diabetic Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were exposed to high glucose (25 mM) and high insulin (24 nM) conditions to mimic the diabetic environment in vitro. LZ, streptozotocin-injected LZ (STZ, type 1 diabetic), and ZDF rats underwent carotid artery balloon injury (±10 mg PROLI/NO), and vessels were harvested at 3 and 14 d. UbcH10 was assessed by Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS NO more effectively reduced UbcH10 levels in LZ versus ZDF VSMCs; however, addition of insulin and glucose dramatically potentiated the inhibitory effect of NO on UbcH10 in ZDF VSMCs. Three days after balloon injury, Western blotting showed NO decreased free UbcH10 and increased polyubiquitinated UbcH10 levels by 35% in both STZ and ZDF animals. Fourteen days after injury, immunofluorescent staining showed increased UbcH10 levels throughout the arterial wall in all animal models. NO decreased UbcH10 levels in LZ and STZ rats but not in ZDF. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a disconnect between UbcH10 levels and neointimal hyperplasia formation in type 2 diabetic models and contribute valuable insight regarding differential efficacy of NO in these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica P Rodriguez
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nick D Tsihlis
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zachary M Emond
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zheng Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vinit N Varu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Qun Jiang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Janet M Vercammen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Melina R Kibbe
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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Henke P. Re: Association of elevated fasting glucose with lower patency and increased major adverse limb events among patients with diabetes undergoing infrapopliteal balloon angioplasty. Vasc Med 2014; 19:315-316. [PMID: 25047856 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x14542460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Fu J, Han Y, Wang H, Wang Z, Liu Y, Chen X, Cai Y, Guan W, Yang D, Asico LD, Zhou L, Jose PA, Zeng C. Impaired dopamine D1 receptor-mediated vasorelaxation of mesenteric arteries in obese Zucker rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:50. [PMID: 24559270 PMCID: PMC3938077 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Renal dopamine D1-like receptor-mediated diuresis and natriuresis are impaired in the obese Zucker rat, an obesity-related hypertensive rat model. The role of arterial D1 receptors in the hypertension of obese Zucker rats is not clear. Methods Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and blood pressure were measured. The vasodilatory response of isolated mesenteric arteries was evaluated using a small vessel myograph. The expression and phosphorylation of D1 receptors were quantified by co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting To determine the effect of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia on the function of the arterial D1 receptor, we studied obese Zucker rats (six to eight-weeks old) fed (6 weeks) vehicle or rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizer (10 mg/kg per day) and lean Zucker rats (eight to ten-weeks old), fed high-fat diet to induce hyperinsulinemia or injected intraperitoneally with streptomycin (STZ) to induce hyperglycemia. Results In obese Zucker rats, the vasorelaxant effect of D1-like receptors was impaired that could be ascribed to decreased arterial D1 receptor expression and increased D1 receptor phosphorylation. In these obese rats, rosiglitazone normalized the arterial D1 receptor expression and phosphorylation and improved the D1-like receptor-mediated vasorelaxation. We also found that D1 receptor-dependent vasorelaxation was decreased in lean Zucker rats with hyperinsulinemia or hyperglycemia but the D1 receptor dysfunction was greater in the former than in the latter group. The ability of insulin and glucose to decrease D1 receptor expression and increase its phosphorylation were confirmed in studies of rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Conclusions Both hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia caused D1 receptor dysfunction by decreasing arterial D1 receptor expression and increasing D1 receptor phosphorylation. Impaired D1 receptor-mediated vasorelaxation is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P,R, China.
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Rodriguez MP, Emond ZM, Wang Z, Martinez J, Jiang Q, Kibbe MR. Role of metabolic environment on nitric oxide mediated inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Nitric Oxide 2014; 36:67-75. [PMID: 24333562 PMCID: PMC3917719 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is well known to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia following arterial injury. Previously, we reported that NO was more effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in a type 2 diabetic environment than control. We also found that NO was ineffective in an uncontrolled type 1 diabetic environment; however, insulin restored the efficacy of NO. Thus, the goal of this study was to more closely evaluate the effect of insulin and glucose on the efficacy of NO at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic environments using different doses of insulin as well as pioglitazone. Type 1 diabetes was induced in male lean Zucker (LZ) rats with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg IP). Groups included control, moderate glucose control, and tight glucose control. Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats fed Purina 5008 chow were used as a type 2 diabetic model. Groups included no therapy, insulin therapy, or pioglitazone therapy. After 4 weeks of maintaining group assignments, the carotid artery injury model was performed. Treatment groups included: control, injury and injury plus NO. 2 weeks following arterial injury, in the type 1 diabetic rats, NO most effectively reduced the neointimal area in the moderate and tightly controlled groups (81% and 88% vs. 33%, respectively, p=0.01). In type 2 diabetic rats, the metabolic environment had no impact on the efficacy of NO (81-82% reduction for all groups). Thus, in this study, we show NO is effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic environments. A greater understanding of how the metabolic environment may impact the efficacy of NO may lead to the development of more effective NO-based therapies for patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica P Rodriguez
- Division of Vascular Surgery, and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Zachary M Emond
- Division of Vascular Surgery, and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Zheng Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Janet Martinez
- Division of Vascular Surgery, and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Qun Jiang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Melina R Kibbe
- Division of Vascular Surgery, and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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11
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Pereira VA, Abidu-Figueiredo M, Pereira-Sampaio MA, Chagas MA, Costa WS, Sampaio FJB. Sinusoidal constriction and vascular hypertrophy in the diabetes-induced rabbit penis. Int Braz J Urol 2014; 39:424-31. [PMID: 23849575 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2013.03.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the morphological changes of penile vascular structures and the corpus cavernosum area in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty male rabbits (2 months old) were divided into two groups with 10 rabbits each, the control group (CG) and the diabetic group (DG). The animals from DG received an intravenous injection of alloxan (100mg/kg) to induce the diabetes. Ten weeks after the induction of diabetes, all animals were euthanized. Two fragments of the penile shaft were harvested and samples were processed and paraffin embedded. Sections (5 µm) were cut and stained for histological and immunohistochemical markers. RESULTS Nuclear protrusion toward the lumen, and cytoplasmic vacuolization were observed in the tunica intima of the dorsal artery of the penis in DG. The thicknesses of the tunica media increased significantly in DG (p = 0.0350). It was also observed a significant increase in the area of the tunica media (p = 0.0179). There was no significant change in smooth muscle cell density in the tunica media of the dorsal artery of the penis (p = 0.0855). The collagen fiber pattern of the tunica adventitia of the dorsal artery of the penis was different between the control and diabetic groups. There was a significant decrease in the area occupied by the cavernous sinuses in DG (p = 0.0013). CONCLUSION Alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in rabbits promotes important changes in penile vascular structures, thereby decreasing blood supply and affecting penile hemodynamics, leading to erectile dysfunction.
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Tsihlis ND, Vavra AK, Martinez J, Lee VR, Kibbe MR. Nitric oxide is less effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nitric Oxide 2013; 35:165-74. [PMID: 24149190 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous administration of nitric oxide (NO) markedly decreases neointimal hyperplasia following arterial injury in several animal models. However, the effect of NO on neointimal hyperplasia in hypertension remains unknown. Here, we employ the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) strain, inbred from Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, and the carotid artery balloon injury model to assess the effects of NO on neointimal hyperplasia development. 2weeks after arterial injury, we showed that both rat strains developed similar levels of neointimal hyperplasia, but local administration of NO was less effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in the SHR compared to WKY rats (58% vs. 79%, P<0.001). Interestingly, local administration of NO did not affect systemic blood pressure in either rat strain. Compared to WKY, the SHR displayed more proliferation in the media and adventitia following balloon injury, as measured by BrdU incorporation. The SHR also showed more inflammation in the adventitia after injury, as well as more vasa vasorum, than WKY rats. NO treatment reduced the vasa vasorum in the SHR but not WKY rats. Finally, while NO decreased both injury-induced proliferation and inflammation in the SHR, it did not return these parameters to levels seen in WKY rats. We conclude that NO is less effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in the SHR than WKY rats. This may be due to increased scavenging of NO in the SHR, leading to diminished bioavailability of NO. These data will help to develop novel NO-based therapies that will be equally effective in both normotensive and hypertensive patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick D Tsihlis
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, United States; Institute for BioNanotechnology, Medicine Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, United States
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13
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Rodriguez MP, Emond ZM, Varu VN, Ahanchi SS, Martinez J, Kibbe MR. Nitric oxide differentially affects ERK and Akt in type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats. J Surg Res 2013; 183:944-951. [PMID: 23608617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have shown that nitric oxide (NO) is more effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in type 2 diabetic rats than in nondiabetic rats, but is not effective in type 1 diabetic rats. Insulin signaling is mediated by the ERK and Akt pathways, and thus we hypothesized that NO differentially affects ERK and Akt activity in type 1 versus type 2 diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate this hypothesis, we induced type 2 diabetes in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats by feeding them Purina 5008 chow. To induce type 1 diabetes, lean Zucker (LZ) rats were injected with streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg). The carotid artery injury model was performed. Groups included injury and injury + PROLI/NO (20 mg/kg) (n = 6/group). RESULTS Three days following injury, all animal models exhibited an increase in pERK levels. Whereas NO reduced pERK levels in LZ and STZ rats, NO had no effect on pERK levels in ZDF rats. Following a similar pattern, NO reduced pAkt levels in LZ and STZ rats but increased pAkt levels in ZDF rats. Fourteen days following injury, NO increased total pERK levels throughout the arterial wall in both the STZ and ZDF rats. These changes were greatest in the adventitia. Interestingly, whereas NO decreased total pAkt levels in LZ and STZ rats, NO increased pAkt levels in ZDF rats. Evaluation of the pERK:pAkt ratio revealed that NO increased this ratio in LZ and STZ rats but decreased the ratio in ZDF rats. CONCLUSIONS We report that NO differentially affects the expression of pERK and pAkt in type 1 versus type 2 diabetic rats. Given that NO is more effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in type 2 diabetic animals, the pERK:pAkt ratio may be the best surrogate to predict efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica P Rodriguez
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zachary M Emond
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vinit N Varu
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sadaf S Ahanchi
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Janet Martinez
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Melina R Kibbe
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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14
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Sgarra L, Addabbo F, Potenza MA, Montagnani M. Determinants of evolving metabolic and cardiovascular benefit/risk profiles of rosiglitazone therapy during the natural history of diabetes: molecular mechanisms in the context of integrated pathophysiology. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 302:E1171-82. [PMID: 22374753 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00038.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rosiglitazone is a thiazolidinedione, a synthetic PPARγ receptor agonist with insulin-sensitizing properties that is used as an antidiabetic drug. In addition to improving glycemic control through actions in metabolic target tissues, rosiglitazone has numerous biological actions that impact on cardiovascular homeostasis. Some of these actions are helpful (e.g., improving endothelial function), whereas others are potentially harmful (e.g., promoting fluid retention). Since cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are major endpoints for diabetes, it is essential to understand how the natural history of diabetes alters the net benefits and risks of rosiglitazone therapy. This complex issue is an important determinant of optimal use of rosiglitazone and is critical for understanding cardiovascular safety issues. We give special attention to the effects of rosiglitazone in diabetic patients with stable coronary artery disease and the impact of rosiglitazone actions on atherosclerosis and plaque instability. This provides a rational conceptual framework for predicting evolving benefit/risk profiles that inform optimal use of rosiglitazone in the clinical setting and help explain the results of recent large clinical intervention trials where rosiglitazone had disappointing cardiovascular outcomes. Thus, in this perspective, we describe what is known about the molecular mechanisms of action of rosiglitazone on cardiovascular targets in the context of the evolving pathophysiology of diabetes over its natural history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sgarra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Medical School, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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15
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Emond ZM, Kibbe MR. Clinical science review article: understanding the implications of diabetes on the vascular system. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2011; 45:481-9. [PMID: 21571777 DOI: 10.1177/1538574411408354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with diabetes comprise an extremely complex subset of patients for the vascular surgeon. Often, they have numerous comorbidities that can further complicate matters. The diabetic environment is highly complex and the interplay of various diseases makes this an extremely challenging condition to manage. Knowing the mechanisms by which diabetes inflicts adverse microscopic changes in the vasculature allows the clinician to anticipate problems and minimize the heightened risks observed in diabetic patients undergoing surgery. In this review, we will illustrate how diabetes affects the vasculature and how the molecular and cellular derangements that occur in diabetic environments lead to these pathophysiologic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Emond
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
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16
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Hogg ME, Varu VN, Vavra AK, Popowich DA, Banerjee MN, Martinez J, Jiang Q, Saavedra JE, Keefer LK, Kibbe MR. Effect of nitric oxide on neointimal hyperplasia based on sex and hormone status. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:1065-74. [PMID: 21256959 PMCID: PMC3070831 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO)-based therapies decrease neointimal hyperplasia; however, studies have been performed only in male animal models. Thus, we sought to evaluate the effect of NO on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in vitro and neointimal hyperplasia in vivo based on sex and hormone status. In hormone-replete medium, male VSMC proliferated at greater rates than female VSMC. In hormone-depleted medium, female VSMC proliferated at greater rates than male VSMC. However, in both hormone environments, NO inhibited proliferation and migration to a greater extent in male compared to female VSMC. These findings correlated with greater G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest and changes in cell cycle protein expression in male compared to female VSMC after exposure to NO. Next, the rat carotid artery injury model was used to assess the effect of NO on neointimal hyperplasia in vivo. Consistent with the in vitro data, NO was significantly more effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in hormonally intact males compared to females using weight-based dosing. An increased weight-based dose of NO in females was able to achieve efficacy equal to that in males. Surprisingly, NO was less effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in castrated animals of both sexes. In conclusion, these data suggest that NO inhibits neointimal hyperplasia more effectively in males compared to females and in hormonally intact compared to castrated rats, indicating that the effects of NO in the vasculature may be sex- and hormone-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Hogg
- Division of Vascular Surgery and the Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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17
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Vavra AK, Havelka GE, Martinez J, Lee VR, Fu B, Jiang Q, Keefer LK, Kibbe MR. Insights into the effect of nitric oxide and its metabolites nitrite and nitrate at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia. Nitric Oxide 2011; 25:22-30. [PMID: 21554972 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2011.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periadventitial delivery of the nitric oxide (NO) donor PROLI/NO following arterial injury effectively inhibits neointimal hyperplasia. Given the short half-life of NO release from PROLI/NO, our goal was to determine if inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia by PROLI/NO was due to NO, or its metabolites nitrite and nitrate. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro, the NO donor DETA/NO inhibited proliferation of rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (RASMC), but neither nitrite nor nitrate did. In vivo, following rat carotid artery balloon injury or injury plus the molar equivalents of PROLI/NO, nitrite, or nitrate (n=8-11/group), PROLI/NO was found to provide superior inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia (82% inhibition of intimal area, and 44% inhibition of medial area, p<0.001). Only modest inhibition was noted with nitrite or nitrate (45% and 41% inhibition of intimal area, and 31% and 29% inhibition of medial area, respectively, p<0.001). No effects on blood pressure were noted with any treatment groups. In vivo, only PROLI/NO inhibited cellular proliferation and increased arterial lumen area compared to injury alone (p<0.001). However, all three treatments inhibited inflammation (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS PROLI/NO was more effective at inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia following arterial injury than nitrite or nitrate. However, modest inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia was observed with nitrite and nitrate, likely secondary to anti-inflammatory actions. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the efficacy of NO donors is primarily due to NO production and not its metabolites, nitrite and nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Vavra
- Division of Vascular Surgery, and Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
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