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Luo W, Adamska JZ, Li C, Verma R, Liu Q, Hagan T, Wimmers F, Gupta S, Feng Y, Jiang W, Zhou J, Valore E, Wang Y, Trisal M, Subramaniam S, Osborne TF, Pulendran B. SREBP signaling is essential for effective B cell responses. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:337-348. [PMID: 36577930 PMCID: PMC10928801 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study using systems vaccinology identified an association between the sterol regulatory binding protein (SREBP) pathway and humoral immune response to vaccination in humans. To investigate the role of SREBP signaling in modulating immune responses, we generated mice with B cell- or CD11c+ antigen-presenting cell (APC)-specific deletion of SCAP, an essential regulator of SREBP signaling. Ablation of SCAP in CD11c+ APCs had no effect on immune responses. In contrast, SREBP signaling in B cells was critical for antibody responses, as well as the generation of germinal centers,memory B cells and bone marrow plasma cells. SREBP signaling was required for metabolic reprogramming in activated B cells. Upon mitogen stimulation, SCAP-deficient B cells could not proliferate and had decreased lipid rafts. Deletion of SCAP in germinal center B cells using AID-Cre decreased lipid raft content and cell cycle progression. These studies provide mechanistic insights coupling sterol metabolism with the quality and longevity of humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Julia Z Adamska
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rohit Verma
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Thomas Hagan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Florian Wimmers
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Interfaculty Institute for Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shakti Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yupeng Feng
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wenxia Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jiehao Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Erika Valore
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yanli Wang
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Meera Trisal
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Timothy F Osborne
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Lin R, Yang Y, Wu E, Zhou M, Wang S, Zhang Q. SIRT2 promotes cell proliferation and migration through mediating ERK1/2 activation and lactosylceramide accumulation in prostate cancer. Prostate 2023; 83:71-81. [PMID: 36082450 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is an age-related malignancy with a high incidence and mortality rate due to lack of efficacy drugs for its therapy in late castration-resistant stage. Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), a NAD+ -dependent protein deacetylase, is associated with age-related diseases. However, SIRT2 roles in PCa are unclear yet. METHODS Data of SIRT2 expression were extracted from TCGA cohort and GSE54460 cohort. Realtime quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were employed to analyze the expression of SIRT2 in PCa tissues. Cell counting Kit-8 assay, lentiviral transduction, flow cytometry, transwell experiments, western blot and metabolomic analysis were performed to explore the functions of SIRT2. RESULTS SIRT2 exhibited increased expression in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Overexpression of SIRT2 promoted cell proliferation, the proportion of S phase, migration and invasion, and reduced apoptosis rate. The increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 indicated the regulation of SIRT2 to cell proliferation, migration and invasion through activation of ERK1/2 pathway. Furthermore, SIRT2 affected cell metabolic profile and induces lactosylceramide production through upregulation of B4GALT5, which further contributes cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that SIRT2 is overexpressed in CRPC and NEPC and could promote cell growth and migration through activating ERK1/2 pathway and inducing lactosylceramide production, indicating that SIRT2 has the potential to be a new target for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lin
- Department of Urology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiping Yang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Eran Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Menghan Zhou
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingyun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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3
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Ouro A, Correa-Paz C, Maqueda E, Custodia A, Aramburu-Núñez M, Romaus-Sanjurjo D, Posado-Fernández A, Candamo-Lourido M, Alonso-Alonso ML, Hervella P, Iglesias-Rey R, Castillo J, Campos F, Sobrino T. Involvement of Ceramide Metabolism in Cerebral Ischemia. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:864618. [PMID: 35531465 PMCID: PMC9067562 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.864618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain and subsequent neuronal death, represents one of the main causes of disability in worldwide. Although reperfusion therapies have shown efficacy in a limited number of patients with acute ischemic stroke, neuroprotective drugs and recovery strategies have been widely assessed, but none of them have been successful in clinical practice. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic approaches is still necessary. Sphingolipids consist of a family of lipidic molecules with both structural and cell signaling functions. Regulation of sphingolipid metabolism is crucial for cell fate and homeostasis in the body. Different works have emphasized the implication of its metabolism in different pathologies, such as diabetes, cancer, neurodegeneration, or atherosclerosis. Other studies have shown its implication in the risk of suffering a stroke and its progression. This review will highlight the implications of sphingolipid metabolism enzymes in acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ouro
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Clara Correa-Paz
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elena Maqueda
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antía Custodia
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Aramburu-Núñez
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Romaus-Sanjurjo
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adrián Posado-Fernández
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Candamo-Lourido
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Alonso-Alonso
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Hervella
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ramón Iglesias-Rey
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Castillo
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Campos
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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An Untargeted Lipidomic Analysis Reveals Depletion of Several Phospholipid Classes in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia on Treatment with Evolocumab. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121941. [PMID: 34944757 PMCID: PMC8698529 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is caused by mutations in genes involved in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) metabolism, including those for pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK-9). The effect of PCSK-9 inhibition on the plasma lipidome has been poorly explored. Objective: Using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry method, the plasma lipidome of FH subjects before and at different time intervals during treatment with the PCSK-9 inhibitor Evolocumab was explored. Methods and Results: In 25 FH subjects, heterozygotes or compound heterozygotes for different LDL receptor mutations, untargeted lipidomic revealed significant reductions in 26 lipid classes belonging to phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), ceramide (CER), cholesteryl ester (CE), triacylglycerol (TG) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). Lipid changes were graded between baseline and 4- and 12-week treatment. At 12-week treatment, five polyunsaturated diacyl PC, accounting for 38.6 to 49.2% of total PC at baseline; two ether/vinyl ether forms; seven SM; five CER and glucosyl/galactosyl-ceramide (HEX-CER) were reduced, as was the unsaturation index of HEX-CER and lactosyl—CER (LAC-CER). Although non quantitative modifications were observed in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) during treatment with Evolocumab, shorter and more saturated fatty acyl chains were documented. Conclusions: Depletion of several phospholipid classes occurs in plasma of FH patients during treatment with the PCSK-9 inhibitor Evolocumab. The mechanism underlying these changes likely involves the de novo synthesis of SM and CER through the activation of the key enzyme sphingomyelin synthase by oxidized LDL and argues for a multifaceted system leading to vascular improvement in users of PCSK-9 inhibitors.
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Sindhu S, Leung YH, Arefanian H, Madiraju SRM, Al‐Mulla F, Ahmad R, Prentki M. Neutral sphingomyelinase-2 and cardiometabolic diseases. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13248. [PMID: 33738905 PMCID: PMC8365731 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids, in particular ceramides, play vital role in pathophysiological processes linked to metabolic syndrome, with implications in the development of insulin resistance, pancreatic ß-cell dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, inflammation, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cancer. Ceramides are produced by the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin, catalyzed by different sphingomyelinases, including neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2), whose dysregulation appears to underlie many of the inflammation-related pathologies. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the biochemistry of nSMase2 and ceramide production and its regulation by inflammatory cytokines, with particular reference to cardiometabolic diseases. nSMase2 contribution to pathogenic processes appears to involve cyclical feed-forward interaction with proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1ß, which activate nSMase2 and the production of ceramides, that in turn triggers the synthesis and release of inflammatory cytokines. We elaborate these pathogenic interactions at the molecular level and discuss the potential therapeutic benefits of inhibiting nSMase2 against inflammation-driven cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sardar Sindhu
- Animal and Imaging core facilityDasman Diabetes InstituteDasmanKuwait
| | - Yat Hei Leung
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)Montreal Diabetes Research CenterMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Hossein Arefanian
- Immunology and Microbiology DepartmentDasman Diabetes InstituteDasmanKuwait
| | - S. R. Murthy Madiraju
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)Montreal Diabetes Research CenterMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Fahd Al‐Mulla
- Department of Genetics and BioinformaticsDasman Diabetes InstituteDasmanKuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology and Microbiology DepartmentDasman Diabetes InstituteDasmanKuwait
| | - Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)Montreal Diabetes Research CenterMontréalQuebecCanada
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6
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Fiorelli S, Anesi A, Porro B, Cosentino N, Werba JP, Di Minno A, Manega CM, Barbieri S, Colombo GI, Marenzi G, Cavalca V, Tremoli E, Eligini S. Lipidomics analysis of monocytes from patients with acute myocardial infarction reveals lactosylceramide as a new player in monocyte migration. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21494. [PMID: 33856696 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001872rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte recruitment after vascular injury and their migration through the vessel wall represent crucial events in the initiation, progression, and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaque. Circulating monocytes are exposed to stimuli that alter their physiological state, and among them, lipids play a key role. Several studies investigated the mechanisms by which lipids affect monocyte functions promoting coronary atherosclerotic plaque initiation, but information on the relationship between lipid composition and function of monocyte is scant. We aimed at studying the migration of circulating monocytes isolated from patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at hospital presentation and investigating its correlation with cellular lipid profile. The migration of monocytes was tested using both fetal bovine serum (FBS) and autologous serum as chemoattractant stimuli. Monocyte lipid profile was evaluated through an untargeted lipidomics approach, using a liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry platform. We observed that AMI patients' monocytes showed a significant increase in FBS and autologous serum-mediated migration compared to controls. Moreover, a different monocyte lipidomic profile between the two study groups was detected. In particular, AMI patients' monocytes showed an altered composition in ceramides, with an increase in lactosylceramide and in phospholipids (ie, phosphatidylethanolamine and lisophosphatidylethanolamine). Of note, a positive correlation between lactosylceramide levels and monocyte migration was observed. Furthermore, the lactosylceramide synthase inhibition significantly reduced FBS-induced monocyte migration. Our results highlight the influence of lactosylceramide on the monocyte migration capacity, pointing out a new possible mechanism of lipids in the onset of atherothrombosis and, hence, in AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Anesi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino I.R.C.C.S, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - José P Werba
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino I.R.C.C.S, Milan, Italy
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Guebel DV, Torres NV, Acebes Á. Mapping the transcriptomic changes of endothelial compartment in human hippocampus across aging and mild cognitive impairment. Biol Open 2021; 10:bio057950. [PMID: 34184731 PMCID: PMC8181899 DOI: 10.1242/bio.057950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compromise of the vascular system has important consequences on cognitive abilities and neurodegeneration. The identification of the main molecular signatures present in the blood vessels of human hippocampus could provide the basis to understand and tackle these pathologies. As direct vascular experimentation in hippocampus is problematic, we achieved this information by computationally disaggregating publicly available whole microarrays data of human hippocampal homogenates. Three conditions were analyzed: 'Young Adults', 'Aged', and 'aged with Mild Cognitive Impairment' (MCI). The genes identified were contrasted against two independent data-sets. Here we show that the endothelial cells from the Younger Group appeared in an 'activated stage'. In turn, in the Aged Group, the endothelial cells showed a significant loss of response to shear stress, changes in cell adhesion molecules, increased inflammation, brain-insulin resistance, lipidic alterations, and changes in the extracellular matrix. Some specific changes in the MCI group were also detected. Noticeably, in this study the features arisen from the Aged Group (high tortuosity, increased bifurcations, and smooth muscle proliferation), pose the need for further experimental verification to discern between the occurrence of arteriogenesis and/or vascular remodeling by capillary arterialization. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V. Guebel
- Program Agustín de Betancourt, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
| | - Néstor V. Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
| | - Ángel Acebes
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, University of La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
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8
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Yuan X, Bhat OM, Lohner H, Zhang Y, Li PL. Downregulation of Lysosomal Acid Ceramidase Mediates HMGB1-Induced Migration and Proliferation of Mouse Coronary Arterial Myocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:111. [PMID: 32211403 PMCID: PMC7076051 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has been reported to trigger lysosome destabilization causing a wide of inflammatory diseases. The present study tested whether a lysosomal enzyme, acid ceramidase (AC), plays a critical role in HMGB1-induced alteration in ceramide metabolism and whether such HMGB1-AC interaction is associated with abnormal migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We first observed that the expression of AC in the medial layer of mouse coronary arterial wall and colocalization of AC with a lysosome marker Lamp-1. In primary cultured coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs), AC expression and colocalization with Lamp-1 were significantly up-regulated by AC inducer, genistein, but down-regulated by AC inhibitor, N-oleoylethanolamine (NOE). HMGB1 dose-dependently decreased the colocalization of AC with Lamp-1 and reduced mRNA and protein expressions of AC in CAMs, but reversed by genistein. Consistently, HMGB1 significantly induced increases in the levels of long-chain ceramides in CAMs, which were not further enhanced by NOE but blocked by genistein. More importantly, HMGB1 promoted migration and proliferation of CAMs, which were not further increased by NOE but reduced by genistein. Lastly, CAMs isolated from smooth muscle-specific AC knockout mice (AC gene Asah1) exhibited increased ceramide levels and enhanced the migration and proliferation, which resembles the effects of HMGB1 on wild-type CAMs. Together, these results suggest that HMGB1 promotes SMC migration and proliferation via inhibition of AC expression and ceramide accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxu Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Owais M Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Hannah Lohner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Ishii T, Miyauchi K, Nitta Y, Kaneko K, Maruyama T, Sato T. Mechanism for Decreased Gene Expression of β4-Galactosyltransferase 5 upon Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Mouse Preadipocytes to Adipocytes. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:1463-1470. [PMID: 29984736 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Upon differentiation of cells, remarkable changes in the structures of glycans linked to lipids on cell surface have been observed. Lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) serves as a common precursor for a series of glycosphingolipids with diverse structures. In the present study, we examined the underlying mechanism for the biosynthesis of Lac-Cer upon differentiation of 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocytes to adipocytes. TLC analysis showed that the amounts of Lac-Cer decrease in 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared to 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. In accordance with this change, the gene expression level of β4-galactosyltransferase (β4GalT) 5, which was identified as Lac-Cer synthase, decreased drastically upon differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The analysis of the transcriptional mechanism of the β4GalT5 gene demonstrated that the core promoter region is identified between nucleotides -299 and -1 relative to the translational start site. During adipocyte differentiation, the expression levels and promoter activities of the β4GalT5 gene decreased dramatically. Since the Specificity protein 1 (Sp1)-binding sites in the promoter region were critical for the promoter activity, it is suggested that Sp1 plays an important role for the expression of the β4GalT5 gene in 3T3-L1 cells. The gene and protein expression of Sp1 decreased significantly upon differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Taken together, the present study suggest that the expression of the β4GalT5 gene decreases through reduced expression of the Sp1 gene and protein upon differentiation of 3T3-L1 peradipocytes to adipocytes, which may lead to the decreased amounts of Lac-Cer in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ishii
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Kana Miyauchi
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Yoshiharu Nitta
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Kazuhiro Kaneko
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Takuro Maruyama
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
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10
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Nakamura H, Moriyama Y, Watanabe K, Tomizawa S, Yamazaki R, Takahashi H, Murayama T. Lactosylceramide-Induced Phosphorylation Signaling to Group IVA Phospholipase A 2 via Reactive Oxygen Species in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Treated Cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4370-4382. [PMID: 28444900 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The activity of α-type cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2 α, group IVA PLA2 ), which releases arachidonic acid (AA), is mainly regulated by the Ca2+ -induced intracellular translocation/attachment of the enzyme to substrate membranes and its phosphorylation. We previously reported that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) stimulated the formation of lactosylceramide (LacCer) in L929 fibroblast cells, and this lipid directly bound with and activated cPLA2 α [Nakamura et al. [2013] J. Biol. Chem. 288:23264-23272]. We herein investigated the role of phosphorylation signaling in the TNFα/LacCer-induced activation of cPLA2 α in cells. TNFα-treated L929 cells released AA via the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and cPLA2 α, while a treatment with LacCer alone released AA in a similar manner. The TNFα-induced responses including release of AA were decreased by the inhibition of LacCer synthesis. The treatment with TNFα and LacCer increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the reduction/scavenging of ROS decreased the phosphorylation cascade and release of AA in TNFα/LacCer-treated L929 cells. In the cell line CHO, the treatment with LacCer stimulated the phosphorylation cascade and release of AA via the formation of ROS. Treatments with the anti-LacCer antibody and 4β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulated the phosphorylation cascade, but did not release AA by itself. When combined with the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, treatments with the anti-LacCer antibody and 4β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate released AA. These results, including our previous findings, showed that LacCer alone simultaneously stimulates two processes to activate cPLA2 α: a phosphorylation signal and attachment of the enzyme to substrate membranes. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4370-4382, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yuta Moriyama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tomizawa
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Risa Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Takahashi
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Murayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
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Wang X, Yu Z, Zhou Q, Wu X, Chen X, Li J, Zhu Z, Liu B, Su L. Tissue transglutaminase-2 promotes gastric cancer progression via the ERK1/2 pathway. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7066-79. [PMID: 26771235 PMCID: PMC4872769 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide and involves extensive local tumor invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Understanding mechanisms regulating progression of GC is necessary for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Tissue transglutaminase-2 (TG2), a multifunctional member of the transglutaminase family, has been shown to be critical for tumor initiation and progression. However, how TG2 promotes the progression of GC is unknown. We report that TG2 was highly expressed in GC tissues and positively associated with depth of tumor invasion and late TNM stage. With gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we observed that TG2 promoted GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as tumorigenesis and peritoneal metastasis in vivo. These events were associated with the ERK1/2 pathway activation and an ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion induced by overexpression of TG2. In summary, TG2 contributes to tumorigenesis and progression of GC by activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and is a potential therapeutic target of metastatic gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjia Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongyan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehua Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingya Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Edsfeldt A, Dunér P, Ståhlman M, Mollet IG, Asciutto G, Grufman H, Nitulescu M, Persson AF, Fisher RM, Melander O, Orho-Melander M, Borén J, Nilsson J, Gonçalves I. Sphingolipids Contribute to Human Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1132-40. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.305675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Edsfeldt
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Pontus Dunér
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Ines G. Mollet
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Giuseppe Asciutto
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Helena Grufman
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Mihaela Nitulescu
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Ana Flor Persson
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Rachel M. Fisher
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Olle Melander
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Jan Borén
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Jan Nilsson
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- From the Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Research Centre, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., P.D., G.A., H.G., M.N., A.F.P., J.N., I.G.); Vascular Centre Malmö-Lund, Skåne, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (G.A.); Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden (A.E., H.G., A.F.P., I.G.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital University, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.S., J
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Lactosylceramide-accumulation in lipid-rafts mediate aberrant-autophagy, inflammation and apoptosis in cigarette smoke induced emphysema. Apoptosis 2015; 20:725-39. [PMID: 25638276 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide-accumulation is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory lung diseases including cigarette smoke-induced emphysema (CS-emphysema) but the exact sphingolipid metabolite that initiates emphysema progression remains ambiguous. We evaluated here a novel role for the sphingolipid, lactosylceramide (LacCer), as a potential mechanism for pathogenesis of CS-emphysema. We assessed the expression of LacCer, and LacCer-dependent inflammatory, apoptosis and autophagy responses in lungs of mice exposed to CS, as well as peripheral lung tissues from COPD subjects followed by experimental analysis to verify the role of LacCer in CS-emphysema. We observed significantly elevated LacCer-accumulation in human COPD lungs with increasing severity of emphysema over non-emphysema controls. Moreover, increased expression of defective-autophagy marker, p62, in lung tissues of severe COPD subjects suggest that LacCer induced aberrant-autophagy may contribute to the pathogenesis of CS-emphysema. We verified that CS-extract treatment significantly induces LacCer-accumulation in both bronchial-epithelial cells (BEAS2B) and macrophages (Raw264.7) as a mechanism to initiate aberrant-autophagy (p62-accumulation) and apoptosis that was rescued by pharmacological inhibitor of LacCer-synthase. Further, we corroborated that CS exposure induces LacCer-accumulation in murine lungs that can be controlled by LacCer-synthase inhibitor. We propose LacCer-accumulation as a novel prognosticator of COPD-emphysema severity, and provide evidence on the therapeutic efficacy of LacCer-synthase inhibitor in CS induced COPD-emphysema.
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FURUKAWA K. Challenge to the suppression of tumor growth by the β4-galactosyltransferase genes. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2015; 91:1-16. [PMID: 25743061 PMCID: PMC4405391 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.91.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been well established that structural changes in glycans attached to proteins and lipids are associated with malignant transformation of cells. We focused on galactose residues among the sugars since they are involved in the galectin-mediated biology, and many carbohydrate antigens are frequently expressed on this sugar. We found changes in the expression of the β4-galactosyltransferase (β4GalT) 2 and 5 genes in cancer cells: decreased expression of the β4GalT2 gene and increased expression of the β4GalT5 gene. The growth of mouse melanoma cells showing enhanced expression of the β4GalT2 gene or reduced expression of the β4GalT5 gene is inhibited remarkably in syngeneic mice. Tumor growth inhibition is probably caused by the induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, and/or reduced MAPK signals. Direct transduction of human β4GalT2 cDNA together with the adenovirus vector into human hepatocellular carcinoma cells grown in SCID mice results in marked growth retardation of the tumors. β4GalT gene-transfer appears to be a potential tool for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi FURUKAWA
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan
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15
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Gutiérrez-Iglesias G, Hurtado Y, Palma-Lara I, López-Marure R. Resistance to the antiproliferative effect induced by a short-chain ceramide is associated with an increase of glucosylceramide synthase, P-glycoprotein, and multidrug-resistance gene-1 in cervical cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:809-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Shirane K, Kuji R, Tareyanagi C, Sato T, Kobayashi Y, Furukawa S, Murata T, Kubota S, Ishikawa Y, Segawa K, Furukawa K. Gene expression levels of 4-galactosyltransferase 5 correlate with the tumorigenic potentials of B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells. Glycobiology 2014; 24:532-41. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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17
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Ganglioside GM3 depletion reverses impaired wound healing in diabetic mice by activating IGF-1 and insulin receptors. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 134:1446-1455. [PMID: 24326453 PMCID: PMC3989402 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Ganglioside GM3 mediates adipocyte insulin resistance, but the role of GM3 in diabetic wound healing, a major cause of morbidity, is unclear. Purpose Determine whether GM3 depletion promotes diabetic wound healing and directly activates keratinocyte insulin pathway signaling. Results GM3 synthase (GM3S) expression is increased in human diabetic foot skin, ob/ob and diet-induced obese diabetic mouse skin, and mouse keratinocytes exposed to increased glucose. GM3S knockout in diet-induced obese mice prevents the diabetic wound healing defect. Keratinocyte proliferation, migration, and activation of insulin receptor (IR) and insulin growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) are suppressed by excess glucose in wild type cells, but increased in GM3S −/− keratinocytes with supplemental glucose. Co-immunoprecipitation of IR, IR substrate-1 (IRS-1), and IGF-1R, and increased IRS-1 and Akt phosphorylation accompany receptor activation. GM3 supplementation or inhibition of IGF-1R or PI3K reverses the increased migration of GM3S−/− keratinocytes, whereas IR knockdown only partially suppresses migration. Conclusions Cutaneous GM3 accumulation may participate in the impaired wound healing of diet-induced diabetes by suppressing keratinocyte insulin/IGF-1 axis signaling. Strategies to deplete GM3S/GM3 may improve diabetic wound healing.
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Cao Y, Tu Y, Mei J, Li Z, Jie Z, Xu S, Xu L, Wang S, Xiong Y. RNAi‑mediated knockdown of PRL‑3 inhibits cell invasion and downregulates ERK 1/2 expression in the human gastric cancer cell line, SGC‑7901. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:1805-11. [PMID: 23589069 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The deregulated expression of members of the phophatase of regenerating liver (PRL) family is important in the metastatic progression of multiple human cancers; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that PRLs are able to enhance the activation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) in cancer cells, which may contribute to tumor metastasis. However, the effect of PRL‑3 activation in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate whether the downregulation of PRL‑3 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) was able to inhibit cell motility and affect ERK 1/2 expression in human GC. The results demonstrated that the downregulation of PRL‑3 expression by siRNA in human GC cells significantly inhibited cell invasion and migration in vitro; accordingly, inhibition of PRL‑3 also prevented ERK1/2 protein and mRNA expression, and reduced the mRNA level of matrix metalloproteinase‑7 (MMP‑7), the downstream target of ERK 1/2 signaling. Our data demonstrated that RNAi‑mediated downregulation of PRL‑3 expression leads to potent antitumor activity in human GC. Furthermore, ERK 1/2 and MMP‑7 may contribute to the carcinogenesis and development of human GC in combination with PRL‑3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Huang C, Wu J, Liao R, Zhang W. SKF83959, an agonist of phosphatidylinositol-linked D(1)-like receptors, promotes ERK1/2 activation and cell migration in cultured rat astrocytes. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185493 PMCID: PMC3501487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family. It can mediate cell migration. Classical dopamine receptor-mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation is widely studied in neurons. Here, we report that ERK1/2 phosphorylation is also modulated by putative phosphatidylinositol-linked D1-like receptors in cultured rat astrocytes. 6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine (SKF83959), an agonist of the putative phosphatidylinositol-linked D1-like receptors, was found to enhance ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which then promoted the migration of cultured astrocytes. The SKF83959-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation was found to be Ca2+-independent based on the following observations: i. chelating intracellular Ca2+ did not inhibit ERK1/2 phosphorylation and astrocyte migration; ii. blockage of the release of intracellular Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum by an inhibitor of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor did not attenuate ERK1/2 phosphorylation. However, inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC), the upstream molecule of internal Ca2+ release, disabled SKF83959’s ability to elevate the level of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Both non-selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor and PKCδ selective inhibitor prevented ERK1/2 phosphorylation increase and astrocyte migration, but PKCα inhibitor did not. This suggests that Ca2+-independent and diacylglycerol-dependent PKCδ acts downstream of putative phosphatidylinositol-linked D1-like receptor activation and mediates SKF83959-induced elevation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in order to modulate astrocyte migration. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that SKF83959-induced increases in ERK1/2 phosphorylation and astrocyte migration are dependent on PLC-PKCδ signals. This might help us to further understand the functions of the putative phosphatidylinositol-linked D1-like receptors in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Kościelak J. The hypothesis on function of glycosphingolipids and ABO blood groups revisited. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1170-84. [PMID: 22407244 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-five years ago the author proposed new ideas of glycoprotein (GPs) and glycosphingolipid (GSLs) functions at the cell membrane. The GPs, apart from their glycan carrying capacity, were assumed to have specific, protein associated, functions. In contrast, GSLs such as those of globo and neolacto/lacto series, were considered to be energetically cheap membrane packing substances, filling in membrane spaces not covered with functional GPs. The terminal carbohydrate structures of the neolacto/lacto GSLs, i.e., sialic acid residues and ABH glycotopes, were postulated to have either regulatory or protective functions, respectively. A special active role was ascribed to terminal β-galactosyl residues of GSLs and GPs. Gangliosides were considered to be functional GSLs. In the present review the author discusses these old ideas in context of the contemporary knowledge and comes to the conclusion that they have not aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Kościelak
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
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Lucki NC, Bandyopadhyay S, Wang E, Merrill AH, Sewer MB. Acid ceramidase (ASAH1) is a global regulator of steroidogenic capacity and adrenocortical gene expression. Mol Endocrinol 2012; 26:228-43. [PMID: 22261821 PMCID: PMC3275158 DOI: 10.1210/me.2011-1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In H295R human adrenocortical cells, ACTH rapidly activates ceramide (Cer) and sphingosine (SPH) turnover with a concomitant increase in SPH-1-phosphate secretion. These bioactive lipids modulate adrenocortical steroidogenesis, primarily by acting as second messengers in the protein kinase A/cAMP-dependent pathway. Acid ceramidase (ASAH1) directly regulates the intracellular balance of Cer, SPH, and SPH-1-phosphate by catalyzing the hydrolysis of Cer into SPH. ACTH/cAMP signaling stimulates ASAH1 transcription and activity, supporting a role for this enzyme in glucocorticoid production. Here, the role of ASAH1 in regulating steroidogenic capacity was examined using a tetracycline-inducible ASAH1 short hairpin RNA H295R human adrenocortical stable cell line. We show that ASAH1 suppression increases the transcription of multiple steroidogenic genes, including Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP)17A1, CYP11B1/2, CYP21A2, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, hormone-sensitive lipase, 18-kDa translocator protein, and the melanocortin-2 receptor. Induced gene expression positively correlated with enhanced histone H3 acetylation at target promoters. Repression of ASAH1 expression also induced the expression of members of the nuclear receptor nuclear receptor subfamily 4 (NR4A) family while concomitantly suppressing the expression of dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1. ASAH1 knockdown altered the expression of genes involved in sphingolipid metabolism and changed the cellular amounts of distinct sphingolipid species. Finally, ASAH1 silencing increased basal and cAMP-dependent cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone secretion, establishing ASAH1 as a pivotal regulator of steroidogenic capacity in the human adrenal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha C Lucki
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0230, USA
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22
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Abstract
The combination of carbohydrate and lipid generates unusual molecules in which the two distinctive halves of the glycoconjugate influence the function of each other. Membrane glycolipids can act as primary receptors for carbohydrate binding proteins to mediate transmembrane signaling despite restriction to the outer bilayer leaflet. The extensive heterogeneity of the lipid moiety plays a significant, but still largely unknown, role in glycosphingolipid function. Potential interplay between glycolipids and their fatty acid isoforms, together with their preferential interaction with cholesterol, generates a complex mechanism for the regulation of their function in cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford A Lingwood
- Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Molecular Structure and Function, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.
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Inhibition of activated ERK1/2 and JNKs improves vascular function in mouse aortae in the absence of nitric oxide. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 658:22-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ji H, Long V, Briody V, Chien EK. Progesterone modulates integrin {alpha}2 (ITGA2) and {alpha}11 (ITGA11) in the pregnant cervix. Reprod Sci 2010; 18:156-63. [PMID: 20959644 DOI: 10.1177/1933719110382305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fibrillar collagen in the cervical extracellular matrix (ECM) is the predominant component providing mechanical support. Cellular integrins contribute to structural integrity by cross-linking ECM components. We investigated the expression of collagen-binding integrins in the normal rat gestation and after treatment with mifepristone to determine whether integrin modulation is involved in changes in tissue resistance. STUDY DESIGN Cervical tissue was harvested from nonpregnant and timed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. Normal gestational expression was evaluated in nonpregnant and timed pregnant tissue on days 12, 16, 18, 20, 21 and 22. Progesterone inhibition was induced with 3 mg mifepristone administered on day 15. Primary rat cervical stromal (RCS) cell cultures were generated from nonpregnant rats using tissue explants. The effects of progesterone environment on RCS cells were evaluated in the presence and absence of various inhibitors. Protein expression and signaling pathways were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS Integrin α2 (ITGA2) expression increased over gestation, peaking at the end of gestation (analysis of variance [ANOVA] P < .01). Integrin α11 (ITGA11) expression increased through mid-gestation, peaking on day 18 and decreasing through day 22 (ANOVA P < .001). Progesterone increased the expression of ITGA11 and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase ([pFAK] P < .002). Mifepristone blocked these effects in vitro. Mifepristone increased ITGA2 and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (pERK1/2) in vivo and in vitro. Mifepristone-induced upregulation of ITGA2 was abrogated by inhibition of ERK1/2. CONCLUSION Progesterone/progesterone withdrawal is involved in regulating the expression of collagen-binding integrins. These changes differ among the collagen-binding integrins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling is involved in regulating some of these integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA
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Shannon LA, Calloway PA, Welch TP, Vines CM. CCR7/CCL21 migration on fibronectin is mediated by phospholipase Cgamma1 and ERK1/2 in primary T lymphocytes. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:38781-7. [PMID: 20889506 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.152173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR7 binds to its cognate ligand, CCL21, to mediate the migration of circulating naive T lymphocytes to the lymph nodes. T lymphocytes can bind to fibronectin, a constituent of lymph nodes, via their β1 integrins, which is a primary mechanism of T lymphocyte migration; however, the signaling pathways involved are unclear. We report that rapid (within 2 min) and transient phosphorylation of ERK1/2 is required for T cell migration on fibronectin in response to CCL21. Conversely, prevention of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by inhibition of its kinase, MAPK/MEK, prevented T lymphocyte migration. Previous studies have suggested that phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1) can mediate phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which is required for β1 integrin activation. Paradoxically, we found that inhibition of PLCγ1 phosphorylation by the general PLC inhibitor U73122 was associated with a delayed and reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and reduced migration of T lymphocytes on fibronectin. To further characterize the relationship between ERK1/2 and PLCγ1, we reduced PLCγ1 levels by 85% using shRNA and observed a reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and a significant loss of CCR7-mediated migration of T lymphocytes on fibronectin. In addition, we found that inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by U0126 resulted in a decreased phosphorylation of PLCγ1, suggesting a feedback loop between ERK1/2 and PLCγ1. Overall, these results suggest that the CCR7 signaling pathway leading to T lymphocyte migration on fibronectin is a β1 integrin-dependent pathway involving transient ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which is modulated by PLCγ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Shannon
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
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Shi ZD, Ji XY, Berardi DE, Qazi H, Tarbell JM. Interstitial flow induces MMP-1 expression and vascular SMC migration in collagen I gels via an ERK1/2-dependent and c-Jun-mediated mechanism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 298:H127-35. [PMID: 19880665 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00732.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and fibroblasts into the intima after vascular injury is a central process in vascular lesion formation. The elevation of transmural interstitial flow is also observed after damage to the vascular endothelium. We have previously shown that interstitial flow upregulates matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression, which in turn promotes SMC and fibroblast migration in collagen I gels. In this study, we investigated further the mechanism of flow-induced MMP-1 expression. An ERK1/2 inhibitor PD-98059 completely abolished interstitial flow-induced SMC migration and MMP-1 expression. Interstitial flow promoted ERK1/2 phosphorylation, whereas PD-98059 abolished flow-induced activation. Silencing ERK1/2 completely abolished MMP-1 expression and SMC migration. In addition, interstitial flow increased the expression of activator protein-1 transcription factors (c-Jun and c-Fos), whereas PD-98059 attenuated flow-induced expression. Knocking down c-jun completely abolished flow-induced MMP-1 expression, whereas silencing c-fos did not affect MMP-1 expression. Taken together, our data indicate that interstitial flow induces MMP-1 expression and SMC migration in collagen I gels via an ERK1/2-dependent and c-Jun-mediated mechanism and suggest that interstitial flow, ERK1/2 MAPK, c-Jun, and MMP-1 may play important roles in SMC migration and neointima formation after vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Dong Shi
- City College of New York, City University of New York, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY 10031, USA.
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