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Correnti S, Preianò M, Gamboni F, Stephenson D, Pelaia C, Pelaia G, Savino R, D'Alessandro A, Terracciano R. An integrated metabo-lipidomics profile of induced sputum for the identification of novel biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of asthma and COPD. J Transl Med 2024; 22:301. [PMID: 38521955 PMCID: PMC10960495 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to their complexity and to the presence of common clinical features, differentiation between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be a challenging task, complicated in such cases also by asthma-COPD overlap syndrome. The distinct immune/inflammatory and structural substrates of COPD and asthma are responsible for significant differences in the responses to standard pharmacologic treatments. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis is of central relevance to assure the appropriate therapeutic intervention in order to achieve safe and effective patient care. Induced sputum (IS) accurately mirrors inflammation in the airways, providing a more direct picture of lung cell metabolism in comparison to those specimen that reflect analytes in the systemic circulation. METHODS An integrated untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics analysis was performed in IS of asthmatic (n = 15) and COPD (n = 22) patients based on Ultra-High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) and UHPLC-tandem MS (UHPLC-MS/MS). Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to resulting dataset. The analysis of main enriched metabolic pathways and the association of the preliminary metabolites/lipids pattern identified to clinical parameters of asthma/COPD differentiation were explored. Multivariate ROC analysis was performed in order to determine the discriminatory power and the reliability of the putative biomarkers for diagnosis between COPD and asthma. RESULTS PLS-DA indicated a clear separation between COPD and asthmatic patients. Among the 15 selected candidate biomarkers based on Variable Importance in Projection scores, putrescine showed the highest score. A differential IS bio-signature of 22 metabolites and lipids was found, which showed statistically significant variations between asthma and COPD. Of these 22 compounds, 18 were decreased and 4 increased in COPD compared to asthmatic patients. The IS levels of Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (34:1), Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) (18:1;18:2) and spermine were significantly higher in asthmatic subjects compared to COPD. CONCLUSIONS This is the first pilot study to analyse the IS metabolomics/lipidomics signatures relevant in discriminating asthma vs COPD. The role of polyamines, of 6-Hydroxykynurenic acid and of D-rhamnose as well as of other important players related to the alteration of glycerophospholipid, aminoacid/biotin and energy metabolism provided the construction of a diagnostic model that, if validated on a larger prospective cohort, might be used to rapidly and accurately discriminate asthma from COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Correnti
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | | | - Fabia Gamboni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Corrado Pelaia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Girolamo Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Savino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Rosa Terracciano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Oral Supplementation with the Polyamine Spermidine Affects Hepatic but Not Pulmonary Lipid Metabolism in Lean but Not Obese Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204318. [PMID: 36297003 PMCID: PMC9611404 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamine spermidine is discussed as a caloric restriction mimetic and therapeutic option for obesity and related comorbidities. This study tested oral spermidine supplementation with regard to the systemic, hepatic and pulmonary lipid metabolism under different diet conditions. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a purified control (CD), high sucrose (HSD) or high fat (HFD) diet with (-S) or without spermidine for 30 weeks. In CD-fed mice, spermidine decreased body and adipose tissue weights and reduced hepatic lipid content. The HSD induced hepatic lipid synthesis and accumulation and hypercholesterolemia. This was not affected by spermidine supplementation, but body weight and blood glucose were lower in HSD-S compared to HSD. HFD-fed mice showed higher body and fat depot weights, prediabetes, hypercholesterolemia and severe liver steatosis, which were not altered by spermidine. Within the liver, spermidine diminished hepatic expression of lipogenic transcription factors SREBF1 and 2 under HSD and HFD and affected the expression of other lipid-related enzymes. In contrast, diet and spermidine exerted only minor effects on pulmonary parameters. Thus, oral spermidine supplementation affects lipid metabolism in a diet-dependent manner, with significant reductions in body fat and weight under physiological nutrition and positive effects on weight and blood glucose under high sucrose intake, but no impact on dietary fat-related parameters.
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Plasma Polyamines Decrease in Patients with Obstructive Cholecystitis. LIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/livers2030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs), endogenous metabolites with a wide range of biological activities, are synthesized at a high rate in liver supporting hepatocyte proliferation and survival. The liver appears as an important regulator of plasma PAs; however, the perspective to exploit plasma PA measurements as indicators for liver function was not explored. This study aimed to evaluate the value of the plasma levels of PAs as a biomarker of pathological changes in the liver in patients with obstructive cholecystitis. The levels of polyamines and their acetylated forms were measured using HPLC/UV in the plasma of patients with obstructive cholecystitis and in healthy subjects. PA turnover was assessed by the ratio between an acetylated form of PA and PA. An effect of diet preference of cheese or meat, the major exogenous sources of PAs, smoking, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in anamnesis was also evaluated in healthy subjects. We found that the plasma levels of spermine and acetylated spermidine decreased in patients with obstructive cholecystitis without a concurring increase in the total plasma bilirubin and amylase levels. The turnover of spermine and spermidine was also changed, suggesting a decrease in the rate of PA degradation in the liver. In healthy subjects, the PA levels tended to mirror chronic smoking and recent SARS-CoV-2 infection but were not relevant to diet factors. A number of observations indicated the role of physical exercise in the regulation of the plasma pool of PA. The decrease in plasma PA levels and index of PA turnover in the cholestasis syndrome indicate the liver’s metabolic function reduction. A conceivable effect of lung-related conditions on plasma PA, while indicating low specificity, nonetheless, speaks favorably about the high sensitivity of plasma PA measurement as an early diagnostic test in the clinic.
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Zheng R, Kong M, Wang S, He B, Xie X. Spermine alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via regulating T cell activation and differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108702. [PMID: 35305382 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease which causes demyelination, axonal damage and even disability. Th1 and Th17 cells, more precisely, the IFNγ/IL17a double producing CD4+ T cells, have been known to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE, a mouse model of MS. Polyamines not only regulate the immune system, but also are essential for the normal function of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we demonstrate that the supplementation of spermine (SPM), a biogenic polyamine, significantly suppresses EAE progression in both preventative and therapeutic ways. Further study suggests that spermine significantly reduces IFNγ+/IL17a-, IFNγ-/IL17a+ and IFNγ+/IL17a+ cells in periphery, and thus reducing the infiltration of these pathogenic cells into the CNS. In vitro, spermine has been shown to suppress the activation and proliferation of CD4+ T cells and also significantly impede the polarization of T effector cells in a dose-dependent manner, accompanied by the inhibition of ERK phosphorylation. Consistently, a number of MEK/ERK inhibitors (including PD0325901, FR180204 and selumetinib) have been found to mimic the effects of spermine in inhibiting CD4+ T cell activation and T effector cell differentiation. Collectively, spermine alleviates EAE progression by inhibiting CD4+ T cells activation and T effector cell differentiation in a MAPK/ERK-dependent manner, suggesting this pathway might be a target to develop effective therapies for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruting Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Miaomiao Kong
- Academic Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Siwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingqing He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xin Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Academic Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Mishiro K, Nishii R, Sawazaki I, Sofuku T, Fuchigami T, Sudo H, Effendi N, Makino A, Kiyono Y, Shiba K, Taki J, Kinuya S, Ogawa K. Development of Radiohalogenated Osimertinib Derivatives as Imaging Probes for Companion Diagnostics of Osimertinib. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1835-1847. [PMID: 35015529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osimertinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. Genetic testing is required to detect the mutation for selecting patients who can use osimertinib. Here, we report an attempt to develop nuclear imaging probes that detect the EGFR mutations. We designed and synthesized I-osimertinib and Br-osimertinib with a radioactive or nonradioactive halogen atom at an indole ring in osimertinib and evaluated them. In vitro assays suggested that both I-osimertinib and Br-osimertinib exhibit a specifically high activity toward NSCLC with EGFR L858R/T790M mutations. In biodistribution experiments, the accumulation of both [125I]I-osimertinib and [77Br]Br-osimertinib in tumors with mutations was significantly higher than that in blood and muscle. However, these osimertinib derivatives showed a significantly higher accumulation in lungs than in tumors. Therefore, for detecting the mutations in lung cancer, further structural modifications of the probes are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mishiro
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishii
- Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST) Chiba, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Izumi Sawazaki
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tomoki Sofuku
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fuchigami
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sudo
- Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST) Chiba, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Nurmaya Effendi
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akira Makino
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kiyono
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiba
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Junichi Taki
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Seigo Kinuya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuma Ogawa
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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Hudkova O, Krysiuk IP, Kishko TO, Popova NM, Drobot LB, Latyshko NV. Semicarbazide diminishes the signs of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj93.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Yu W, Hu C, Gao H. Advances of nanomedicines in breast cancer metastasis treatment targeting different metastatic stages. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113909. [PMID: 34352354 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common tumor in women, and the metastasis further increases the malignancy with extremely high mortality. However, there is almost no effective method in the clinic to completely inhibit breast cancer metastasis due to the dynamic multistep process with complex pathways and scattered occurring site. Nowadays, nanomedicines have been evidenced with great potential in treating cancer metastasis. In this review, we summarize the latest research advances of nanomedicines in anti-metastasis treatment. Strategies are categorized according to the metastasis dynamics, including primary tumor, circulating tumor cells, pre-metastatic niches and secondary tumor. In each different stage of metastasis process, nanomedicines are designed specifically with different functions. At the end of the review, we give our perspectives on current limitations and future directions in anti-metastasis therapy. We expect the review provides comprehensive understandings of anti-metastasis therapy for breast cancer, and boosts the clinical translation in the future to improve women's health.
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Eltokhy AK, Toema O, El-Deeb OS. The Correlation Between PINK-1/Parkin Mediated Mitophagy, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Total Polyamines in Pediatric Bronchial Asthma: An Integrated Network of Pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:227-235. [PMID: 34714483 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06861-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric bronchial asthma signifies a frequent chronic inflammatory airway disorder influencing many children. Despite its irrefutable importance, its exact pathogenesis is not completely elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to investigate the correlation between mitophagy machinery proteins, ER stress biomarkers and total polyamine and their role in disease progression via targeting NF-κB mechanisms. METHODS Sixty children with atopic bronchial asthma were enrolled in the study, they were allocated into 2 equal groups (mild/moderate and severe atopic asthmatic groups). Thirty age-matched healthy control subjects were also included in the study to represent the control group. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase-1 (PINK-1) and Parkin messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions were assessed by (RT-PCR) technique. Levels of inositol requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), total polyamines, interleukin 6 & 8 (IL-6, IL-8) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers were also measured. RESULTS PINK-1 and PARK mRNA expressions were significantly upregulated in asthmatic patients. Likewise, the level of IRE1α, total polyamines, inflammatory cytokines, and OS biomarkers were significantly elevated in asthmatic groups comparing to control group with the highest levels noticed in severe atopic asthmatic group. CONCLUSION the study documented a correlation between mitophagy machinery proteins, ER stress biomarkers and total polyamines that may pave a new platform to understand pediatric asthma pathogenesis and could be used as reliable biomarkers to evaluate disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Kamel Eltokhy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El Geesh Street, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Osama Toema
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Omnia Safwat El-Deeb
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El Geesh Street, Tanta, Egypt
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Abstract
Fluorescent dyes attached to kinase inhibitors (KIs) can be used to probe kinases in vitro, in cells, and in vivo. Ideal characteristics of the dyes vary with their intended applications. Fluorophores used in vitro may inform on kinase active site environments, hence the dyes used should be small and have minimal impact on modes of binding. These probes may have short wavelength emissions since blue fluorophores are perfectly adequate in this context. Thus, for instance, KI fragments that mimic nucleobases may be modified to be fluorescent with minimal perturbation to the kinase inhibitor structure. However, progressively larger dyes, that emit at longer wavelengths, are required for cellular and in vivo work. In cells, it is necessary to have emissions above autofluorescence of biomolecules, and near infrared dyes are needed to enable excitation and observation through tissue in vivo. This review is organized to describe probes intended for applications in vitro, in cells, then in vivo. The readers will observe that the probes featured tend to become larger and responsive to the near infared end of the spectrum as the review progresses. Readers may also be surprised to realize that relatively few dyes have been used for fluorophore-kinase inhibitor conjugates, and the area is open for innovations in the types of fluorophores used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muhammad Usama
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
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Mohamed Sofian Z, Harun N, Mahat MM, Nor Hashim NA, Jones SA. Investigating how amine structure influences drug-amine ion-pair formation and uptake via the polyamine transporter in A549 lung cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 168:53-61. [PMID: 34455038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Transiently associating amines with therapeutic agents through the formation of ion-pairs has been established both in vitro and in vivo as an effective means to systemically direct drug delivery to the lung via the polyamine transport system (PTS). However, there remains a need to better understand the structural traits required for effective PTS uptake of drug ion-pairs. This study aimed to use a structurally related series of amine counterions to investigate how they influenced the stability of theophylline ion-pairs and their active uptake in A549 cells. Using ethylamine (mono-amine), ethylenediamine (di-amine), spermidine (tri-amine) and spermine (tetra-amine) as counterions the ion-pair affinity was shown to increase as the number of protonated amine groups in the counterion structure increased. The mono and diamines generated a single hydrogen bond and the weakest ion-pair affinities (pKFTIR: 1.32 ± 0.04 and 1.43 ± 0.02) whereas the polyamines produced two hydrogen bonds and thus the strongest ion-pair affinities (pKFTIR: 1.93 ± 0.05 and 1.96 ± 0.04). In A549 cells depleted of endogenous polyamines using α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), the spermine-theophylline uptake was significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to non-amine depleted cells and this evidenced the active PTS sequestering of the ion-pair. The mono-amine and di-amine failed to enhance theophylline uptake in these A549 cells, but the tri-amine and tetra-amine both almost doubled the theophylline uptake into the cells when compared to the uptake of free drug. As the data indicated that polyamines with at least 3 amines were required to form ion-pairs that could enhance A549 cell uptake, it suggested that at least two amines were required to physically stabilise the ion-pair and one to interact with the PTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarif Mohamed Sofian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Insitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Norsyifa Harun
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Muzamir Mahat
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nikman Adli Nor Hashim
- Centre for Drug Research in Systems Biology, Structural Bioinformatics and Human Digital Imaging (CRYSTAL), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Stuart A Jones
- Insitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
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Subbiah R, Tiwari RR. The herbicide paraquat-induced molecular mechanisms in the development of acute lung injury and lung fibrosis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:36-64. [PMID: 33528289 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1864721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide paraquat (PQ; 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium dichloride) is a highly toxic organic heterocyclic herbicide that has been widely used in agricultural settings. Since its commercial introduction in the early 1960s, numerous cases of fatal PQ poisonings attributed to accidental and/or intentional ingestion of PQ concentrated formulations have been reported. The clinical manifestations of the respiratory system during the acute phase of PQ poisoning mainly include acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), followed by pulmonary fibrosis in a later phase. The focus of this review is to summarize the most recent publications related to PQ-induced lung toxicity as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms for PQ-mediated pathologic processes. Growing sets of data from in vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated the involvement of the PQ in regulating lung oxidative stress, inflammatory response, epigenetics, apoptosis, autophagy, and the progression of lung fibrosis. The article also summarizes novel therapeutic avenues based on a literature review, which can be explored as potential means to combat PQ-induced lung toxicity. Finally, we also presented clinical studies on the association of PQ exposure with the incidence of lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekaran Subbiah
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajnarayan R Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
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Banerji R, Kanojiya P, Patil A, Saroj SD. Polyamines in the virulence of bacterial pathogens of respiratory tract. Mol Oral Microbiol 2020; 36:1-11. [PMID: 32979241 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines are positively charged hydrocarbons that are essential for the growth and cellular maintenance in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Polyamines have been demonstrated to play a role in bacterial pathogenicity and biofilm formation. However, the role of extracellular polyamines as a signaling molecule in the regulation of virulence is not investigated in detail. The bacterial pathogens residing in the respiratory tract remain asymptomatic for an extended period; however, the factors that lead to symptomatic behavior are poorly understood. Further investigation to understand the relation between the host-secreted factors and virulence of pathogenic bacteria in the respiratory tract may provide insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory tract infections. Polyamines produced within the bacterial cell are generally sequestered. Therefore, the pool of extracellular polyamines formed by secretion of the commensals and the host may be one of the signaling molecules that might contribute toward the alterations in the expression of virulence factors in bacterial pathogens. Besides, convergent mechanisms of polyamine biosynthesis do exist across the border of species and genus level. Also, several novel polyamine transporters in the host and bacteria remain yet to be identified. The review focuses on the role of polyamines in the expression of virulence phenotypes and biofilm formation of the respiratory tract pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajashri Banerji
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Poonam Kanojiya
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Amrita Patil
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Sunil D Saroj
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
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Offspring susceptibility to metabolic alterations due to maternal high-fat diet and the impact of inhaled ozone used as a stressor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16353. [PMID: 33004997 PMCID: PMC7530537 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on metabolic response to ozone was examined in Long-Evans rat offspring. F0 females were fed control diet (CD; 10%kcal from fat) or HFD (60%kcal from fat) starting at post-natal day (PND) 30. Rats were bred on PND 72. Dietary regimen was maintained until PND 30 when all offspring were switched to CD. On PND 40, F1 offspring (n = 10/group/sex) were exposed to air or 0.8 ppm ozone for 5 h. Serum samples were collected for global metabolomic analysis (n = 8/group/sex). Offspring from HFD dams had increased body fat and weight relative to CD. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant sex-, diet-, and exposure-related changes. Maternal HFD increased free fatty acids and decreased phospholipids (male > female) in air-exposed rats. Microbiome-associated histidine and tyrosine metabolites were increased in both sexes, while 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels decreased in males indicating susceptibility to insulin resistance. Ozone decreased monohydroxy fatty acids and acyl carnitines and increased pyruvate along with TCA cycle intermediates in females (HFD > CD). Ozone increased various amino acids, polyamines, and metabolites of gut microbiota in HFD female offspring indicating gut microbiome alterations. Collectively, these data suggest that maternal HFD increases offspring susceptibility to metabolic alterations in a sex-specific manner when challenged with environmental stressors.
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Graboski AL, Redinbo MR. Gut-Derived Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12090590. [PMID: 32932981 PMCID: PMC7551879 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12090590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) afflicts more than 500 million people worldwide and is one of the fastest growing global causes of mortality. When glomerular filtration rate begins to fall, uremic toxins accumulate in the serum and significantly increase the risk of death from cardiovascular disease and other causes. Several of the most harmful uremic toxins are produced by the gut microbiota. Furthermore, many such toxins are protein-bound and are therefore recalcitrant to removal by dialysis. We review the derivation and pathological mechanisms of gut-derived, protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs). We further outline the emerging relationship between kidney disease and gut dysbiosis, including the bacterial taxa altered, the regulation of microbial uremic toxin-producing genes, and their downstream physiological and neurological consequences. Finally, we discuss gut-targeted therapeutic strategies employed to reduce PBUTs. We conclude that targeting the gut microbiota is a promising approach for the treatment of CKD by blocking the serum accumulation of PBUTs that cannot be eliminated by dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Graboski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA;
| | - Matthew R. Redinbo
- Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Genomics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Epithelial Dysfunction in Lung Diseases: Effects of Amino Acids and Potential Mechanisms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1265:57-70. [PMID: 32761570 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung diseases affect millions of individuals all over the world. Various environmental factors, such as toxins, chemical pollutants, detergents, viruses, bacteria, microbial dysbiosis, and allergens, contribute to the development of respiratory disorders. Exposure to these factors activates stress responses in host cells and disrupt lung homeostasis, therefore leading to dysfunctional epithelial barriers. Despite significant advances in therapeutic treatments for lung diseases in the last two decades, novel interventional targets are imperative, considering the side effects and limited efficacy in patients treated with currently available drugs. Nutrients, such as amino acids (e.g., arginine, glutamine, glycine, proline, taurine, and tryptophan), peptides, and bioactive molecules, have attracted more and more attention due to their abilities to reduce oxidative stress, inhibit apoptosis, and regulate immune responses, thereby improving epithelial barriers. In this review, we summarize recent advances in amino acid metabolism in the lungs, as well as multifaceted functions of amino acids in attenuating inflammatory lung diseases based on data from studies with both human patients and animal models. The underlying mechanisms for the effects of physiological amino acids are likely complex and involve cell signaling, gene expression, and anti-oxidative reactions. The beneficial effects of amino acids are expected to improve the respiratory health and well-being of humans and other animals. Because viruses (e.g., coronavirus) and environmental pollutants (e.g., PM2.5 particles) induce severe damage to the lungs, it is important to determine whether dietary supplementation or intravenous administration of individual functional amino acids (e.g., arginine-HCl, citrulline, N-acetylcysteine, glutamine, glycine, proline and tryptophan) or their combinations to affected subjects may alleviate injury and dysfunction in this vital organ.
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16
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Wieczfinska J, Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Pawliczak R. Leonurus sibiricus root extracts decrease airway remodeling markers expression in fibroblasts. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 202:28-46. [PMID: 32562256 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is believed to be provoked by the interaction between airway inflammation and remodeling. Airway remodeling is a complex and poorly understood process, and controlling it appears key for halting the progression of asthma and other obstructive lung diseases. Plants synthesize a number of valuable compounds as constitutive products and as secondary metabolites, many of which have curative properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-remodeling properties of extracts from transformed and transgenic Leonurus sibiricus roots with transformed L. sibiricus roots extract with transcriptional factor AtPAP1 overexpression (AtPAP1). Two fibroblast cell lines, Wistar Institute-38 (WI-38) and human fetal lung fibroblast (HFL1), were incubated with extracts from transformed L. sibiricus roots (TR) and roots with transcriptional factor AtPAP1 over-expression (AtPAP1 TR). Additionally, remodeling conditions were induced in the cultures with rhinovirus 16 (HRV16). The expressions of metalloproteinase 9 (MMP)-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), arginase I and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunoblotting methods. AtPAP1 TR decreased arginase I and MMP-9 expression with no effect on TIMP-1 or TGF-β mRNA expression. This extract also inhibited HRV16-induced expression of arginase I, MMP-9 and TGF-β in both cell lines (P < 0·05) Our study shows for the first time to our knowledge, that transformed AtPAP1 TR extract from L. sibiricus root may affect the remodeling process. Its effect can be attributed an increased amount of phenolic acids such as: chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid or ferulic acid and demonstrates the value of biotechnology in medicinal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wieczfinska
- Department of Immunopathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - P Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - T Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - R Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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17
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Ahrendt N, Steingrüber T, Rajces A, Lopez-Rodriguez E, Eisenberg T, Magnes C, Madeo F, Sedej S, Schmiedl A, Ochs M, Mühlfeld C, Schipke J. Spermidine supplementation and voluntary activity differentially affect obesity-related structural changes in the mouse lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L312-L324. [PMID: 32521164 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00423.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with lung function impairment and respiratory diseases; however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are still elusive, and therapeutic options are limited. This study examined the effects of prolonged excess fat intake on lung mechanics and microstructure and tested spermidine supplementation and physical activity as intervention strategies. C57BL/6N mice fed control diet (10% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD; 60% fat) were left untreated or were supplemented with 3 mM spermidine, had access to running wheels for voluntary activity, or a combination of both. After 30 wk, lung mechanics was assessed, and left lungs were analyzed by design-based stereology. HFD exerted minor effects on lung mechanics and resulted in higher body weight and elevated lung, air, and septal volumes. The number of alveoli was higher in HFD-fed animals. This was accompanied by an increase in epithelial, but not endothelial, surface area. Moreover, air-blood barrier and endothelium were significantly thicker. Neither treatment affected HFD-related body weights. Spermidine lowered lung volumes as well as endothelial and air-blood barrier thicknesses toward control levels and substantially increased the endothelial surface area under HFD. Activity resulted in decreased volumes of lung, septa, and septal compartments but did not affect vascular changes in HFD-fed mice. The combination treatment showed no additive effect. In conclusion, excess fat consumption induced alveolar capillary remodeling indicative of impaired perfusion and gas diffusion. Spermidine alleviated obesity-related endothelial alterations, indicating a beneficial effect, whereas physical activity reduced lung volumes apparently by other, possibly systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Ahrendt
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Steingrüber
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rajces
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Vegetative Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Magnes
- Joanneum Research, HEALTH-Institute for Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Schmiedl
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Vegetative Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Bannuscher A, Hellack B, Bahl A, Laloy J, Herman H, Stan MS, Dinischiotu A, Giusti A, Krause BC, Tentschert J, Roșu M, Balta C, Hermenean A, Wiemann M, Luch A, Haase A. Metabolomics profiling to investigate nanomaterial toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:807-826. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1764123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bannuscher
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bryan Hellack
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA) e.V, Duisburg, Germany
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau, Germany
| | - Aileen Bahl
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Julie Laloy
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Nanosafety Centre, NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Hildegard Herman
- Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Miruna S. Stan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anna Giusti
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin-Christoph Krause
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Tentschert
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Roșu
- Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Cornel Balta
- Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Anca Hermenean
- Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Martin Wiemann
- IBE R&D Institute for Lung Health gGmbH, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Haase
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
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19
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Swietlik EM, Gräf S, Morrell NW. The role of genomics and genetics in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2020; 2020:e202013. [PMID: 33150157 PMCID: PMC7590931 DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2020.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia M Swietlik
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Addenbrooke's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Gräf
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Addenbrooke's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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20
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Ravichandran R, Amalnath D, Shaha KK, Srinivas BH. Paraquat Poisoning: A Retrospective Study of 55 Patients From a Tertiary Care Center in Southern India. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020; 24:155-159. [PMID: 32435092 PMCID: PMC7225766 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In India the data on paraquat (PQ) poisoning are limited to case reports and small case series. Hence, this study was carried out to understand the clinical features and outcomes of PQ poisoning. We also briefly report the relevant Indian studies on PQ poisoning. Materials and methods This was a retrospective case record-based study of PQ poisoning victims admitted over a period of 5 years. Results Of the 55 patients included in this study, the in-hospital mortality rate was 72.7%. Acute kidney injury was the most common manifestation. The use of cyclophosphamide did not affect the clinical outcome. Hemoperfusion (HP) was not done for any patient. Pulmonary edema and acute tubular necrosis were the most common histopathological findings. Conclusion In India, this is one of the most comprehensive studies of PQ toxicity. Hence, we hope that this information would be of use to clinicians who deal with PQ poisoning. How to cite this article Ravichandran R, Amalnath D, Shaha KK, Srinivas BH. Paraquat Poisoning: A Retrospective Study of 55 Patients from a Tertiary Care Center in Southern India. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(3):155–159.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ravichandran
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Deepak Amalnath
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Kusa K Shaha
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - B H Srinivas
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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21
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Sánchez-Jiménez F, Medina MÁ, Villalobos-Rueda L, Urdiales JL. Polyamines in mammalian pathophysiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3987-4008. [PMID: 31227845 PMCID: PMC11105599 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are essential organic polycations for cell viability along the whole phylogenetic scale. In mammals, they are involved in the most important physiological processes: cell proliferation and viability, nutrition, fertility, as well as nervous and immune systems. Consequently, altered polyamine metabolism is involved in a series of pathologies. Due to their pathophysiological importance, PA metabolism has evolved to be a very robust metabolic module, interconnected with the other essential metabolic modules for gene expression and cell proliferation/differentiation. Two different PA sources exist for animals: PA coming from diet and endogenous synthesis. In the first section of this work, the molecular characteristics of PAs are presented as determinant of their roles in living organisms. In a second section, the metabolic specificities of mammalian PA metabolism are reviewed, as well as some obscure aspects on it. This second section includes information on mammalian cell/tissue-dependent PA-related gene expression and information on crosstalk with the other mammalian metabolic modules. The third section presents a synthesis of the physiological processes described as modulated by PAs in humans and/or experimental animal models, the molecular bases of these regulatory mechanisms known so far, as well as the most important gaps of information, which explain why knowledge around the specific roles of PAs in human physiology is still considered a "mysterious" subject. In spite of its robustness, PA metabolism can be altered under different exogenous and/or endogenous circumstances so leading to the loss of homeostasis and, therefore, to the promotion of a pathology. The available information will be summarized in the fourth section of this review. The different sections of this review also point out the lesser-known aspects of the topic. Finally, future prospects to advance on these still obscure gaps of knowledge on the roles on PAs on human physiopathology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Sánchez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), Málaga, Spain
- UNIT 741, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), Málaga, Spain
- UNIT 741, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lorena Villalobos-Rueda
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), Málaga, Spain
| | - José Luis Urdiales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), Málaga, Spain.
- UNIT 741, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 29071, Málaga, Spain.
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22
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Xu J, Sun J, Ho PY, Luo Z, Ma W, Zhao W, Rathod SB, Fernandez CA, Venkataramanan R, Xie W, Yu AM, Li S. Creatine based polymer for codelivery of bioengineered MicroRNA and chemodrugs against breast cancer lung metastasis. Biomaterials 2019; 210:25-40. [PMID: 31054369 PMCID: PMC6538300 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause for breast cancer related mortality. The combination of miRNA-based therapy and chemotherapy represents a promising approach against breast cancer lung metastasis. The goal of this study is to develop an improved therapy that co-delivers a novel bioengineered miRNA prodrug (tRNA-mir-34a) and doxorubicin (DOX) via a multifunctional nanomicellar carrier that is based on a conjugate of amphiphilic copolymer POEG-VBC backbone with creatine, a naturally occurring cationic molecule. Co-delivery of DOX leads to more effective processing of tRNA-mir-34a into mature miR-34a and down-regulation of target genes. DOX + tRNA-mir-34a/POEG-PCre exhibits potent synergistic anti-tumor and anti-metastasis activity in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, the enhanced immune response contributes to the overall antitumor efficacy. POEG-PCre may represent a safe and effective delivery system for an optimal chemo-gene combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieni Xu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Pui Yan Ho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 96817, USA
| | - Zhangyi Luo
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Weina Ma
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Wenchen Zhao
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Sanjay B Rathod
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Christian A Fernandez
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Raman Venkataramanan
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Wen Xie
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 96817, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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23
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Cellular uptake of paraquat determines subsequent toxicity including mitochondrial damage in lung epithelial cells. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2018; 37:7-14. [PMID: 30502555 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is one of the commonly used herbicides in the world, despite its high toxicity. The ingestion of PQ accidentally or intentionally causes severe damage in diverse organs including the lung. Pulmonary fibrosis triggered by PQ accumulation in the lung epithelial cells is one of the major causes of death. This study investigated the intracellular accumulation of PQ, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial injury using two lung epithelial cell lines A549 and BEAS-2B (BEAS). Although A549 exhibit greater resistance to oxidative stress than BEAS, a cytotoxicity assay for PQ demonstrated that EC50 for lethality in A549 was 7 times lower than that in BEAS. When exposed to PQ at a concentration around EC50 for lethality, the amount of ROS generated in A549 was as low as that in BEAS. Conversely, the cellular concentration of PQ in A549 after exposure was higher than that in BEAS, which suggests a distinct difference in the susceptibility to PQ between these cell lines. After a 16 h exposure to PQ, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decreased in A549, but decreased only slightly in BEAS even following a 30 h exposure. PQ-exposed A549 reduced an accumulation of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), which works in degradation of damaged mitochondria, following the decrease of MMP, whereas PQ did not decline the PINK1 in BEAS. These results suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction due to cellular accumulation of PQ might contribute to the PQ-provoked toxicity more than the ROS generation in the lung epithelial cells.
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24
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Buggeskov KB, Maltesen RG, Rasmussen BS, Hanifa MA, Lund MAV, Wimmer R, Ravn HB. Lung Protection Strategies during Cardiopulmonary Bypass Affect the Composition of Blood Electrolytes and Metabolites-A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E462. [PMID: 30469433 PMCID: PMC6262287 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes an acute lung ischemia-reperfusion injury, which can develop to pulmonary dysfunction postoperatively. This sub-study of the Pulmonary Protection Trial aimed to elucidate changes in arterial blood gas analyses, inflammatory protein interleukin-6, and metabolites of 90 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients following two lung protective regimens of pulmonary artery perfusion with either hypothermic histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution or normothermic oxygenated blood during CPB, compared to the standard CPB with no pulmonary perfusion. Blood was collected at six time points before, during, and up to 20 h post-CPB. Blood gas analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used, and multivariate and univariate statistical analyses were performed. All patients had decreased gas exchange, augmented inflammation, and metabolite alteration during and after CPB. While no difference was observed between patients receiving oxygenated blood and standard CPB, patients receiving HTK solution had an excess of metabolites involved in energy production and detoxification of reactive oxygen species. Also, patients receiving HTK suffered a transient isotonic hyponatremia that resolved within 20 h post-CPB. Additional studies are needed to further elucidate how to diminish lung ischemia-reperfusion injury during CPB, and thereby, reduce the risk of developing severe postoperative pulmonary dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine B Buggeskov
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Raluca G Maltesen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Bodil S Rasmussen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Munsoor A Hanifa
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Morten A V Lund
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Reinhard Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Hanne B Ravn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Sun X, Jia Z. Microbiome modulates intestinal homeostasis against inflammatory diseases. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 205:97-105. [PMID: 30459007 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Eliminating prophylactic antibiotics in food animal production has exerted pressure on discovering antimicrobial alternatives (e.g. microbiome) to reduce elevated intestinal diseases. Intestinal tract is a complex ecosystem coupling host cells with microbiota. The microbiota and its metabolic activities and products are collectively called microbiome. Intestinal homeostasis is reached through dynamic and delicate crosstalk between host immunity and microbiome. However, this balance can be occasionally broken, which results in intestinal inflammatory diseases such as human Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, chicken necrotic enteritis, and swine postweaning diarrhea. In this review, we introduce the intestinal immune system, intestinal microbiome, and microbiome modulation of inflammation against intestinal diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide updated knowledge on host-microbe interaction and to promote using microbiome as new antimicrobial strategies to reduce intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolun Sun
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, United States.
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
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26
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Chen Y, Sun J, Huang Y, Liu Y, Liang L, Yang D, Lu B, Li S. Targeted codelivery of doxorubicin and IL-36γ expression plasmid for an optimal chemo-gene combination therapy against cancer lung metastasis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 15:129-141. [PMID: 30308300 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the main cause for the high mortality in breast cancer patients. In this work we developed a polymer POEG-st-Pmor for targeted co-delivery of IL-36γ expression plasmid and doxorubicin (Dox) to lung metastasis of breast cancer. The polymer readily formed micelles that were effective in loading Dox and simultaneously forming complexes with IL-36γ plasmid. Interestingly, particles co-loaded with Dox and plasmid was significantly smaller and more stable than the particles loaded with Dox only. Gene transfection in both lungs and s.c. tumors was significantly higher with our polymer compared to PEI. In addition, the Dox + IL-36γ/POEG-st-Pmor not only could bring improved anti-metastatic effect but synergistically enhance the type I immune response by increasing the IFN-γ positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and simultaneously decreasing the immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the lung. POEG-st-Pmor may represent a simple and effective delivery system for an optimal chemo-gene combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Chen
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yixian Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da Yang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Binfeng Lu
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Sánchez-Soberón F, Cuykx M, Serra N, Linares V, Bellés M, Covaci A, Schuhmacher M. In-vitro metabolomics to evaluate toxicity of particulate matter under environmentally realistic conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 209:137-146. [PMID: 29929119 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this pilot study three fractions of particulate matter (PM0.25, PM2.5-0.25, and PM10-2.5) were collected in three environments (classroom, home, and outdoors) in a village located nearby an industrial complex. Time-activity pattern of 20 students attending the classroom was obtained, and the dose of particles reaching the children's lungs under actual environmental conditions (i.e. real dose) was calculated via dosimetry model. The highest PM concentrations were reached in the classroom. Simulations showed that heavy intensity outdoor activities played a major role in PM deposition, especially in the upper part of the respiratory tract. The mass of PM10-2.5 reaching the alveoli was minor, while PM2.5-0.25 and PM0.25 apportion for most of the PM mass retained in the lungs. Consequently, PM2.5-0.25 and PM0.25 were the only fractions used in two subsequent toxicity assays onto alveolar cells (A549). First, a cytotoxicity dose-response assay was performed, and doses corresponding to 5% mortality (LC5) were estimated. Afterwards, two LC-MS metabolomic assays were conducted: one applying LC5, and another applying real dose. A lower estimated LC5 value was obtained for PM0.25 than PM2.5-0.25 (8.08 and 73.7 ng/mL respectively). The number of altered features after LC5 exposure was similar for both fractions (39 and 38 for PM0.25 and PM2.5-0.25 respectively), while after real dose exposure these numbers differed (10 and 5 for PM0.25 and PM2.5-0.25 respectively). The most metabolic changes were related to membrane and lung surfactant lipids. This study highlights the capacity of PM to alter metabolic profile of lung cells at conventional environmental levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sánchez-Soberón
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Chemical Engineering Department, Environmental Analysis and Management Group, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Matthias Cuykx
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Noemí Serra
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, San Lorenzo 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Victoria Linares
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, San Lorenzo 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Montserrat Bellés
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, San Lorenzo 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Chemical Engineering Department, Environmental Analysis and Management Group, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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28
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Maltesen RG, Buggeskov KB, Andersen CB, Plovsing R, Wimmer R, Ravn HB, Rasmussen BS. Lung Protection Strategies during Cardiopulmonary Bypass Affect the Composition of Bronchoalveolar Fluid and Lung Tissue in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Metabolites 2018; 8:metabo8040054. [PMID: 30241409 PMCID: PMC6316472 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary dysfunction is among the most frequent complications to cardiac surgeries. Exposure of blood to the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit with subsequent lung ischemia-reperfusion leads to the production of inflammatory mediators and increases in microvascular permeability. The study aimed to elucidate histological, cellular, and metabolite changes following two lung protective regimens during CPB with Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK) enriched or warm oxygenated blood pulmonary perfusion compared to standard regimen with no pulmonary perfusion. A total of 90 patients undergoing CPB were randomized to receiving HTK, oxygenated blood or standard regimen. Of these, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue biopsies were obtained before and after CPB from 47 and 25 patients, respectively. Histopathological scores, BALF cell counts and metabolite screening were assessed. Multivariate and univariate analyses were performed. Profound histological, cellular, and metabolic changes were identified in all patients after CPB. Histological and cellular changes were similar in the three groups; however, some metabolite profiles were different in the HTK patients. While all patients presented an increase in inflammatory cells, metabolic acidosis, protease activity and oxidative stress, HTK patients seemed to be protected against severe acidosis, excessive fatty acid oxidation, and inflammation during ischemia-reperfusion. Additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca G Maltesen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Katrine B Buggeskov
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Claus B Andersen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ronni Plovsing
- Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Reinhard Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Hanne B Ravn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Bodil S Rasmussen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
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Song X, Han X, Yu F, Zhang X, Chen L, Lv C. Polyamine-Targeting Gefitinib Prodrug and its Near-Infrared Fluorescent Theranostic Derivative for Monitoring Drug Delivery and Lung Cancer Therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:2217-2228. [PMID: 29721074 PMCID: PMC5928882 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is challenging because of poor prognosis. There are urgent demands for targeting anti-tumor drugs with reliable efficacy and clear pharmacokinetics. Methods: We designed and synthesized an active tumor-targeting prodrug for the precision therapy of NSCLC. The prodrug polyamine analog Gefitinib (PPG) was derived from the conjugation between a tumor-targeting ligand polyamine analog (PA) and an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor Gefitinib via a cleavable disulfide linker. Furthermore, the integration of the near-infrared azo-BODIPY fluorophore into the structure of the prodrug PPG yielded an activatable fluorescent theranostics (TPG), which could be used to monitor the in real-time delivery of prodrug PPG and initiate precise medicine in vivo. Results: PPG efficiently delivered the anti-tumor drug to cancer cells and reduced the serious side effects of the drug to normal cells, thereby increasing the potent of the anti-tumor drug. PPG was not only efficacious for killing Gefitinib-sensitive PC9 cells, but also for inhibiting the growth of Gefitinib-resistant H1650 cells. We provided a new evidence that the tumor-targeting PA ligand could inhibit the Akt pathway in H1650 cells, and had a synergistic effect with Gefitinib for anticancer efficacy. The in vivo results on nude mice bearing tumors of NSCLC cell lines demonstrated that PPG could target tumor lesions and had the expected therapeutic effects. Finally, we used TPG for fluorescent labeling of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimens. The results indicated that TPG could provide rapid diagnosis for lung cancer within 4 h. Conclusion: Our work had identified that PPG could be effectively used for the treatment of Gefitinib-resistance NSCLC in cells and in mice models. The theranostic TPG emerged as a promising fluorescent imaging tool for the application in the therapy and diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Benaouda F, Jones SA, Chana J, Dal Corno BM, Barlow DJ, Hider RC, Page CP, Forbes B. Ion-Pairing with Spermine Targets Theophylline To the Lungs via the Polyamine Transport System. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:861-870. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Benaouda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A. Jones
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Jasminder Chana
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Benedetta M. Dal Corno
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Barlow
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Robert C. Hider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Clive P. Page
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Forbes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
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Tang J, Li J, Li G, Zhang H, Wang L, Li D, Ding J. Spermidine-mediated poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles containing fluorofenidone for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6687-6704. [PMID: 28932114 PMCID: PMC5598552 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s140569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, fatal lung disease with poor survival. The advances made in deciphering this disease have led to the approval of different antifibrotic molecules, such as pirfenidone and nintedanib. An increasing number of studies with particles (liposomes, nanoparticles [NPs], microspheres, nanopolymersomes, and nanoliposomes) modified with different functional groups have demonstrated improvement in lung-targeted drug delivery. In the present study, we prepared, characterized, and evaluated spermidine (Spd)-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs as carriers for fluorofenidone (AKF) to improve the antifibrotic efficacy of this drug in the lung. Spd-AKF-PLGA NPs were prepared and functionalized by modified solvent evaporation with Spd and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-PLGA groups. The size of Spd-AKF-PLGA NPs was 172.5±4.3 nm. AKF release from NPs was shown to fit the Higuchi model. A549 cellular uptake of an Spd-coumarin (Cou)-6-PLGA NP group was found to be almost twice as high as that of the Cou-6-PLGA NP group. Free Spd and difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) were preincubated in A549 cells to prove uptake of Spd-Cou-6-PLGA NPs via a polyamine-transport system. As a result, the uptake of Spd-Cou-6-PLGA NPs significantly decreased with increased Spd concentrations in incubation. At higher Spd concentrations of 50 and 500 µM, uptake of Spd-Cou-6-PLGA NPs reduced 0.34- and 0.49-fold from that without Spd pretreatment. After pretreatment with DFMO for 36 hours, cellular uptake of Spd-Cou-6-PLGA NPs reached 1.26-fold compared to the untreated DFMO group. In a biodistribution study, the drug-targeting index of Spd-AKF-PLGA NPs in the lung was 3.62- and 4.66-fold that of AKF-PLGA NPs and AKF solution, respectively. This suggested that Spd-AKF-PLGA NPs accumulated effectively in the lung. Lung-histopathology changes and collagen deposition were observed by H&E staining and Masson staining in an efficacy study. In the Spd-AKF-PLGA NP group, damage was further improved compared to the AKF-PLGA NP group and AKF-solution group. The results indicated that Spd-AKF-PLGA NPs are able to be effective nanocarriers for anti-pulmonary fibrosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changsha Medical University
| | - Jianming Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Guo Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Dai Li
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinsong Ding
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha
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32
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Rhodes CJ, Ghataorhe P, Wharton J, Rue-Albrecht KC, Hadinnapola C, Watson G, Bleda M, Haimel M, Coghlan G, Corris PA, Howard LS, Kiely DG, Peacock AJ, Pepke-Zaba J, Toshner MR, Wort SJ, Gibbs JSR, Lawrie A, Gräf S, Morrell NW, Wilkins MR. Plasma Metabolomics Implicates Modified Transfer RNAs and Altered Bioenergetics in the Outcomes of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circulation 2016; 135:460-475. [PMID: 27881557 PMCID: PMC5287439 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.024602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a heterogeneous disorder with high mortality. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive study of plasma metabolites using ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to identify patients at high risk of early death, to identify patients who respond well to treatment, and to provide novel molecular insights into disease pathogenesis. Results: Fifty-three circulating metabolites distinguished well-phenotyped patients with idiopathic or heritable PAH (n=365) from healthy control subjects (n=121) after correction for multiple testing (P<7.3e-5) and confounding factors, including drug therapy, and renal and hepatic impairment. A subset of 20 of 53 metabolites also discriminated patients with PAH from disease control subjects (symptomatic patients without pulmonary hypertension, n=139). Sixty-two metabolites were prognostic in PAH, with 36 of 62 independent of established prognostic markers. Increased levels of tRNA-specific modified nucleosides (N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, N1-methylinosine), tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (malate, fumarate), glutamate, fatty acid acylcarnitines, tryptophan, and polyamine metabolites and decreased levels of steroids, sphingomyelins, and phosphatidylcholines distinguished patients from control subjects. The largest differences correlated with increased risk of death, and correction of several metabolites over time was associated with a better outcome. Patients who responded to calcium channel blocker therapy had metabolic profiles similar to those of healthy control subjects. Conclusions: Metabolic profiles in PAH are strongly related to survival and should be considered part of the deep phenotypic characterization of this disease. Our results support the investigation of targeted therapeutic strategies that seek to address the alterations in translational regulation and energy metabolism that characterize these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Rhodes
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Pavandeep Ghataorhe
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - John Wharton
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Kevin C Rue-Albrecht
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Charaka Hadinnapola
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Geoffrey Watson
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Marta Bleda
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Matthias Haimel
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Gerry Coghlan
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Paul A Corris
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Luke S Howard
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - David G Kiely
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Andrew J Peacock
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Joanna Pepke-Zaba
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Mark R Toshner
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - S John Wort
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - J Simon R Gibbs
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Allan Lawrie
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Stefan Gräf
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.)
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (C.J.R., P.G., J.W., K.C.R.-A., G.W., M.R.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, United Kingdom (C.H., M.B., M.H., M.R.T., S.G., N.W.M.); Cardiology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom (G.C.); Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and the Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (P.A.C.); National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, United Kingdom (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.); Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom (D.G.K.); Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (D.G.K., A.L.); Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom (A.J.P.); Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.P.Z., M.R.T.); Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.G.).
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Ghisalberti CA, Borzì RM, Cetrullo S, Flamigni F, Cairo G. Soft TCPTP Agonism-Novel Target to Rescue Airway Epithelial Integrity by Exogenous Spermidine. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:147. [PMID: 27375482 PMCID: PMC4892113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A reparative approach of disrupted epithelium in obstructive airway diseases, namely asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), may afford protection and long-lasting results compared to conventional therapies, e.g., corticosteroids or immunosuppressant drugs. Here, we propose the polyamine spermidine as a novel therapeutic agent in airways diseases, based on a recently identified mode of action: T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP) agonism. It may include and surpass single-inhibitors of stress and secondary growth factor pathway signaling, i.e., the new medicinal chemistry in lung diseases. Enhanced polyamine biosynthesis has been charged with aggravating prognosis by competing for L-arginine at detriment of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis with bronchoconstrictive effects. Although excess spermine, a higher polyamine, is harmful to airways physiology, spermidine can pivot the cell homeostasis during stress conditions by the activation of TCPTP. In fact, the dephosphorylating activity of TCPTP inhibits the signaling cascade that leads to the expression of genes involved in detachment and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and increases the expression of adhesion and tight junction proteins, thereby enhancing the barrier functionality in inflammation-prone tissues. Moreover, a further beneficial effect of spermidine may derive from its ability to promote autophagy, possibly in a TCPTP-dependent way. Since doses of spermidine in the micromolar range are sufficient to activate TCPTP, low amounts of spermidine administered in sustained release modality may provide an optimal pharmacologic profile for the treatment of obstructive airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo A Ghisalberti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of MilanMilan, Italy; TixupharmaMilan, Italy
| | - Rosa M Borzì
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Cetrullo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy
| | - Flavio Flamigni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cairo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan Milan, Italy
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Li S, Zhao G, Chen L, Ding Y, Lian J, Hong G, Lu Z. Resveratrol protects mice from paraquat-induced lung injury: The important role of SIRT1 and NRF2 antioxidant pathways. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1833-8. [PMID: 26708779 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) acts via the deacetylation of a number of crucial transcription factors and has been implicated in various biological processes, including oxidative stress. Previous studies have indicated that nuclear factor, erythroid 2‑like 2 (NRF2) is an effective target of antioxidant therapy for paraquat (PQ) poisoning. However, the association between SIRT1 and NRF2 and their effects in PQ‑induced oxidative stress remains to be elucidated. The current study demonstrated that PQ exposure upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and NRF2 following 6‑ and 24‑h exposure in the lungs of mice. However, long‑term exposure to PQ significantly decreased the expression of SIRT1 and NRF2. Resveratrol is a SIRT1 activator, and strongly enhanced SIRT1 expression and attenuated the lung injury resulting from PQ exposure in the current study. Additionally, treatment with resveratrol upregulated the expression of NRF2 and glutathione, increased the activity of heme oxygenase‑1, superoxide dismutase and catalase, but depleted the expression of malondialdehyde. The present results demonstrated that resveratrol reduced PQ‑induced oxidative stress and lung injury, potentially through the positive feedback signaling loop between SIRT1 and NRF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqin Li
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Guangju Zhao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Longwang Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yinwei Ding
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lian
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Guangliang Hong
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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35
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On the correction of calculated vibrational frequencies for the effects of the counterions - α,ω-diamine dihydrochlorides. J Mol Model 2015; 21:266. [PMID: 26386957 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2818-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present work provides sets of correction factors to adjust the calculated vibrational frequencies of a series of α,ω-diamines hydrochloride salts to account for the intermolecular interactions with the counterion. The study was performed using different theory levels for predicting the vibrational data of isolated dicationic α,ω-diamines and their hydrochloride forms, with and without the explicit account of the interactions with the chloride counterions. Different sets of correction factors were determined for each theory level considering the four smallest elements for the α,ω-diamines series, while their transferability and reliability was evaluated considering the larger elements of the series. The theory level simplification was also evaluated and was found to neither compromise the vibrational frequencies estimates nor the magnitude and accuracy of the pre-defined scaling factors. This suggests that transferability of the correction factors is possible not only for different diamines but also between different levels of theory with the averaged group correction factor, ζ g (a) , being the best choice to account for the effects of the N-H · · · Cl interactions. The possibility of simplifying the theory level without compromising efficiency and accuracy is additionally of utmost importance. This computational approach can constitute a valuable tool in the future for studying the hydrochloride forms of larger and more complex diamine systems. Graphical Abstract A computational approach that may constitute a valuable tool for studying the hydrochloride forms of large and complex diamine systems. Correction factors to adjust the vibrational frequencies calculated for isolated dicationic primary diamines for the effects of the interactions with chloride counterions, without their explicit account in the calculations, are presented and evaluated for eficiency.
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Yang Z, Sun Z, Liu H, Ren Y, Shao D, Zhang W, Lin J, Wolfram J, Wang F, Nie S. Connective tissue growth factor stimulates the proliferation, migration and differentiation of lung fibroblasts during paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1091-7. [PMID: 25815693 PMCID: PMC4438944 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that paraquat (PQ) poisoning can cause severe lung injury during the early stages of exposure, finally leading to irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is an essential growth factor that is involved in tissue repair and pulmonary fibrogenesis. In the present study, the role of CTGF was examined in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning. Histological examination revealed interstitial edema and extensive cellular thickening of interalveolar septa at the early stages of poisoning. At 2 weeks after PQ administration, lung tissue sections exhibited a marked thickening of the alveolar walls with an accumulation of interstitial cells with a fibroblastic appearance. Masson’s trichrome staining revealed a patchy distribution of collagen deposition, indicating pulmonary fibrogenesis. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining of tissue samples demonstrated that CTGF expression was significantly upregulated in the PQ-treated group. Similarly, PQ treatment of MRC-5 human lung fibroblast cells caused an increase in CTGF in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the addition of CTGF to MRC-5 cells triggered cellular proliferation and migration. In addition, CTGF induced the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, as was evident from increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen. These findings demonstrate that PQ causes increased CTGF expression, which triggers proliferation, migration and differentiation of lung fibroblasts. Therefore, CTGF may be important in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrogenesis, rendering this growth factor a potential pharmacological target for reducing lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhou Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Zhaorui Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Danbing Shao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Joy Wolfram
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedial Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Shinan Nie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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Mihajlovic L, Radosavljevic J, Burazer L, Smiljanic K, Cirkovic Velickovic T. Composition of polyphenol and polyamide compounds in common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) pollen and sub-pollen particles. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 109:125-132. [PMID: 25468540 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic composition of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. pollen and sub-pollen particles (SPP) aqueous extracts was determined, using a novel extraction procedure. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined, as well as the antioxidative properties of the extract. Main components of water-soluble pollen phenolics are monoglycosides and malonyl-mono- and diglycosides of isorhamnetin, quercetin and kaempferol, while spermidine derivatives were identified as the dominant polyamides. SPP are similar in composition to pollen phenolics (predominant isorhamnetin and quercetin monoglycosides), but lacking small phenolic molecules (<450Da). Ethanol-based extraction protocol revealed one-third lower amount of total phenolics in SPP than in pollen. For the first time in any pollen species, SPP and pollen phenolic compositions were compared in detail, with an UHPLC/ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS-MS approach, revealing the presence of spermidine derivatives in both SPP and pollen, not previously reported in Ambrosia species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Mihajlovic
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Food Sciences, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Radosavljevic
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Food Sciences, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lidija Burazer
- Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera "Torlak", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Smiljanic
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Food Sciences, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Food Sciences, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Multitracer stable isotope quantification of arginase and nitric oxide synthase activity in a mouse model of pseudomonas lung infection. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:323526. [PMID: 25177109 PMCID: PMC4142665 DOI: 10.1155/2014/323526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis airways are deficient for L-arginine, a substrate for nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) and arginases. The rationale for this study was to quantify NOS and arginase activity in the mouse lung. Anesthetized unventilated mice received a primed constant stable isotope intravenous infusion containing labeled L-arginine, ornithine, and citrulline. The isotopic enrichment of each of the infused isotopomers and its product amino acids were measured in plasma and organ homogenates using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The effect of infection was studied three days after direct tracheal instillation of Pseudomonas-coated agar beads. In the infusion model, lung infection resulted in a significant (28-fold) increase in NOS activity in lung but not in trachea, kidney, liver, or plasma. Absolute rates of arginase activity in solid tissues could not be calculated in this model. In an isolated lung perfusion model used for comparison increased NOS activity in infected lungs was confirmed (28.5-fold) and lung arginase activity was increased 9.7-fold. The activity of L-arginine metabolizing enzymes can be measured using stable isotope conversion in the mouse. Accumulation of L-ornithine in the whole mouse model hindered the exact quantification of arginase activity in the lung, a problem that was overcome utilizing an isolated lung perfusion model.
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Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 (SNAT1) modulates L-citrulline transport and nitric oxide (NO) signaling in piglet pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85730. [PMID: 24454923 PMCID: PMC3893279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE There is evidence that impairments in nitric oxide (NO) signaling contribute to chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. The L-arginine-NO precursor, L-citrulline, has been shown to ameliorate pulmonary hypertension. Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporters (SNATs) are involved in the transport of L-citrulline into pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs). The functional link between the SNATs, L-citrulline, and NO signaling has not yet been explored. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that changes in SNAT1 expression and transport function regulate NO production by modulating eNOS coupling in newborn piglet PAECs. METHODS AND RESULTS A silencing RNA (siRNA) technique was used to assess the contribution of SNAT1 to NO production and eNOS coupling (eNOS dimer-to-monomer ratios) in PAECs from newborn piglets cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in the presence and absence of L-citrulline. SNAT1 siRNA reduced basal NO production in normoxic PAECs and prevented L-citrulline-induced elevations in NO production in both normoxic and hypoxic PAECs. SNAT1 siRNA reduced basal eNOS dimer-to-monomer ratios in normoxic PAECs and prevented L-citrulline-induced increases in eNOS dimer-to-monomer ratios in hypoxic PAECs. CONCLUSIONS SNAT1 mediated L-citrulline transport modulates eNOS coupling and thus regulates NO production in hypoxic PAECs from newborn piglets. Strategies that increase SNAT1-mediated transport and supply of L-citrulline may serve as novel therapeutic approaches to enhance NO production in patients with pulmonary vascular disease.
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Penrose HM, Marchelletta RR, Krishnan M, McCole DF. Spermidine stimulates T cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase-mediated protection of intestinal epithelial barrier function. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32651-32662. [PMID: 24022492 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.475962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene locus encoding protein-tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Expression of the PTPN2 gene product, T cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP), in intestinal epithelial cells has been shown to play an important role in the protection of epithelial barrier function during periods of inflammation by acting as a negative regulator of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ. Therefore, agents that increase the activity of TCPTP are of general interest as modifiers of inflammatory signaling events. A previous study demonstrated that the small molecule spermidine is a selective activator of TCPTP in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate whether activation of TCPTP by spermidine was capable of alleviating IFN-γ-induced, proinflammatory signaling and barrier dysfunction in human intestinal epithelial cells. Studies revealed that treatment of T84 and HT29/cl.19A colonocytes with spermidine increased both TCPTP protein levels and enzymatic activity, correlating with a decrease in the phosphorylation of the signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 and 3, downstream mediators of IFN-γ signaling, upon coadministration of spermidine to IFN-γ-treated cells. On a functional level, spermidine protected barrier function in the setting of inflammation, restricting the decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance and the increase in epithelial permeability induced by IFN-γ in coincubation experiments. These data implicate spermidine as a potential therapeutic agent to treat conditions associated with elevated IFN-γ signaling and a faulty mucosal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison M Penrose
- the Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Ronald R Marchelletta
- the Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Moorthy Krishnan
- From the Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Declan F McCole
- From the Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521.
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Tsai HL, Chang JW, Yang HW, Chen CW, Yang CC, Yang AH, Liu CS, Chin TW, Wei CF, Lee OK. Amelioration of Paraquat-Induced Pulmonary Injury by Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Transplant 2013; 22:1667-81. [DOI: 10.3727/096368912x657765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning induces redox cycle and leads to fatal injury of lung. Clinical management is supportive in nature due to lack of effective antidote, and the mortality is very high. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) process the properties of immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic effects and oxidative stress resistance. MSC transplantation may theoretically serve as an antidote in PQ intoxication. In this study, we examined the potential therapeutic effects of MSCs in PQ-induced lung injury. The degree of PQ toxicity in the rat type II pneumocyte cell line, L2, and MSCs was evaluated by examining cell viability, ultrastructural changes, and gene expression. L2 cells treated with 0.5 mM PQ were cocultured in the absence or presence of MSCs. For the in vivo study, adult male SD rats were administered an intraperitoneal injection of PQ (24 mg/kg body weight) and were divided into three groups: group I, control; group II, cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone; group III, MSC transplantation 6 h after PQ exposure. MSCs were relatively resistant to PQ toxicity. Coculture with MSCs significantly inhibited PQ accumulation in L2 cells and upregulated the expression of antioxidative heme oxygenase 1 and metallothionein 1a genes, reversed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and increased the viability of PQ-exposed L2 cells. Treatment with MSCs resulted in a significant reduction in severity of liver and renal function deterioration, alleviated lung injury, and prolonged the life span of rats. Altogether, our results suggest that MSCs possess antidote-like effect through multifactorial protection mechanism. The results of this preclinical study demonstrate that transplantation of MSCs may be a promising therapy and should be further validated clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Lin Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jei-Wen Chang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Yang
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Chen
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chang Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Hang Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Ultrastructural and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Su Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Wai Chin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chou-Fu Wei
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oscar K. Lee
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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North ML, Grasemann H, Khanna N, Inman MD, Gauvreau GM, Scott JA. Increased ornithine-derived polyamines cause airway hyperresponsiveness in a mouse model of asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 48:694-702. [PMID: 23470627 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0323oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Up-regulation of arginase contributes to airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma by reducing L-arginine bioavailability for the nitric oxide (NO) synthase isozymes. The product of arginase activity, L-ornithine, can be metabolized into polyamines by ornithine decarboxylase. We tested the hypothesis that increases in L-ornithine-derived polyamines contribute to AHR in mouse models of allergic airways inflammation. After measuring significantly increased polyamine levels in sputum samples from human subjects with asthma after allergen challenge, we used acute and subacute ovalbumin sensitization and challenge mouse models of allergic airways inflammation and naive mice to investigate the relationship of AHR to methacholine and polyamines in the lung. We found that spermine levels were elevated significantly in lungs from the acute model, which exhibits robust AHR, but not in the subacute murine model of asthma, which does not develop AHR. Intratracheal administration of spermine significantly augmented airways responsiveness to methacholine in both naive mice and mice with subacute airways inflammation, and reduced nitrite/nitrate levels in lung homogenates, suggesting that the AHR developed as a consequence of inhibition of constitutive NO production in the airways. Chronic inhibition of polyamine synthesis using an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor significantly reduced polyamine levels, restored nitrite/nitrate levels to normal, and abrogated the AHR to methacholine in the acute model of allergic airways inflammation. We demonstrate that spermine increases airways responsiveness to methacholine, likely through inhibition of constitutive NO synthesis. Thus, inhibition of polyamine production may represent a new therapeutic target to treat airway obstruction in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L North
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Zhang H, Liu P, Qiao P, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Xing X, Li G. CT imaging as a prognostic indicator for patients with pulmonary injury from acute paraquat poisoning. Br J Radiol 2013; 86:20130035. [PMID: 23652630 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20130035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CT imaging may be an effective diagnostic method for assessing the extent and progression of pulmonary injury in patients with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning. METHODS A retrospective review of 78 patients with acute PQ poisoning (survivor group, n=42; non-survivor group, n=36) was conducted to examine the lung segment involvement and CT image characteristics from baseline (first CT scan at a mean of 2.4 days after poisoning) to treatment time (second CT scan 3 days after the first). We examined the association between prognosis and pulmonary lesions indicated by characteristic effusion, fibrosis and consolidation in CT images. RESULTS Significant differences were apparent in CT images at baseline and after 3 days between the survivor and the non-survivor groups, with higher levels of pulmonary segment involvement, effusion, consolidation and fibrosis observed in the non-survivor group at baseline (p<0.05). The non-survivor group also showed rapid lesion progression. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that the best prognostic value of baseline CT scanning was achieved when performed 2-3 days following the initial exposure. CONCLUSION Prognosis correlated with increasing lung segment involvement, extent of disease characteristics visualised using CT and speed of lesion progression from baseline. Prognostic evaluation using CT scanning can be used to effectively provide earlier treatment for patients at risk for severe complications associated with PQ toxicity, such as acidosis; leukocytosis; and renal, hepatic and pancreatic failures. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Chest CT scan can be used 2-3 days following acute PQ poisoning to determine prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Alexandre-Gouabau MC, Courant F, Moyon T, Küster A, Le Gall G, Tea I, Antignac JP, Darmaun D. Maternal and cord blood LC-HRMS metabolomics reveal alterations in energy and polyamine metabolism, and oxidative stress in very-low birth weight infants. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:2764-78. [PMID: 23527880 DOI: 10.1021/pr400122v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To assess the global effect of preterm birth on fetal metabolism and maternal-fetal nutrient transfer, we used a mass spectrometric-based chemical phenotyping approach on cord blood obtained at the time of birth. We sampled umbilical venous, umbilical arterial, and maternal blood from mothers delivering very-low birth weight (VLBW, with a median gestational age and weight of 29 weeks, and 1210 g, respectively) premature or full-term (FT) neonates. In VLBW group, we observed a significant elevation in the levels and maternal-fetal gradients of butyryl-, isovaleryl-, hexanoyl- and octanoyl-carnitines, suggesting enhanced short- and medium chain fatty acid β-oxidation in human preterm feto-placental unit. The significant decrease in glutamine-glutamate in preterm arterial cord blood beside lower levels of amino acid precursors of Krebs cycle suggest increased glutamine utilization in the fast growing tissues of preterm fetus with a deregulation in placental glutamate-glutamine shuttling. Enhanced glutathione utilization is likely to account for the decrease in precursor amino acids (serine, betaine, glutamate and methionine) in arterial cord blood. An increase in both the circulating levels and maternal-fetal gradients of several polyamines in their acetylated form (diacetylspermine and acetylputrescine) suggests an enhanced polyamine metabolic cycling in extreme prematurity. Our metabolomics study allowed the identification of alterations in fetal energy, antioxidant defense, and polyamines and purines flux as a signature of premature birth.
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Abstract
Increased arginase activity contributes to airway nitric oxide (NO) deficiency in cystic fibrosis (CF). Whether down-stream products of arginase activity contribute to CF lung disease is currently unknown. The objective of this study was to test whether L-ornithine derived polyamines are present in CF airways and contribute to airway pathophysiology. Polyamine concentrations were measured in sputum of patients with CF and in healthy controls, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The effect of spermine on airway smooth muscle mechanical properties was assessed in bronchial segments of murine airways, using a wire myograph. Sputum polyamine concentrations in stable CF patients were similar to healthy controls for putrescine and spermidine but significantly higher for spermine. Pulmonary exacerbations were associated with an increase in sputum and spermine levels. Treatment for pulmonary exacerbations resulted in decreases in arginase activity, L-ornithine and spermine concentrations in sputum. The changes in sputum spermine with treatment correlated significantly with changes in L-ornithine but not with sputum inflammatory markers. Incubation of mouse bronchi with spermine resulted in an increase in acetylcholine-induced force and significantly reduced nitric oxide-induced bronchial relaxation. The polyamine spermine is increased in CF airways. Spermine contributes to airways obstruction by reducing the NO-mediated smooth muscle relaxation.
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Paraquat induces lung alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis via Nrf-2-regulated mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. Arch Toxicol 2012; 86:1547-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-012-0873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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47
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qing-feng P, wen-jing Y, jing Z, chuan-yi X. Caveola is a key vehicle for paraquat uptake into lung. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HYPOTHESES AND IDEAS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmhi.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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48
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AL-Hadithi NN, Saad B. Determination of Underivatized Polyamines: A Review of Analytical Methods and Applications. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2010.551686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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49
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Jin HT, Lämsä T, Nordback PH, Hyvönen MT, Grigorenko N, Khomutov AR, Nordback I, Räty S, Pörsti I, Alhonen L, Sand J. Association between remote organ injury and tissue polyamine homeostasis in acute experimental pancreatitis – treatment with a polyamine analogue bismethylspermine. Pharmacol Rep 2011; 63:999-1008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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50
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Chicoine LG, Chicione LG, Stenger MR, Cui H, Calvert A, Evans RJ, English BK, Liu Y, Nelin LD. Nitric oxide suppression of cellular proliferation depends on cationic amino acid transporter activity in cytokine-stimulated pulmonary endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 300:L596-604. [PMID: 21239536 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00029.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) is a stress response protein upregulated in inflammatory conditions, and NO may suppress cellular proliferation. We hypothesized that preventing L-arginine (L-arg) uptake in endothelial cells would prevent lipopolysaccharide/tumor necrosis factor-α (LPS/TNF)-induced, NO-mediated suppression of cellular proliferation. Bovine pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (bPAEC) were treated with LPS/TNF or vehicle (control), and either 10 mM L-leucine [L-leu; a competitive inhibitor of L-arg uptake by the cationic amino acid transporter (CAT)] or its vehicle. In parallel experiments, iNOS or arginase II were overexpressed in bPAEC using an adenoviral vector (AdiNOS or AdArgII, respectively). LPS/TNF treatment increased the expression of iNOS, arginase II, CAT-1, and CAT-2 mRNA in bPAEC, resulting in greater NO and urea production than in control bPAEC, which was prevented by L-leu. LPS/TNF treatment resulted in fewer viable cells than in controls, and LPS/TNF-stimulated bPAEC treated with L-leu had more viable cells than LPS/TNF treatment alone. LPS/TNF treatment resulted in cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase expression, which was attenuated by L-leu. AdiNOS reduced viable cell number, and treatment of AdiNOS transfected bPAEC with L-leu preserved cell number. AdArgII increased viable cell number, and treatment of AdArgII transfected bPAEC with L-leu prevented the increase in cell number. These data demonstrate that iNOS expression in pulmonary endothelial cells leads to decreased cellular proliferation, which can be attenuated by preventing cellular L-arg uptake. We speculate that CAT activity may represent a novel therapeutic target in inflammatory lung diseases characterized by NO overproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis G Chicoine
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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