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Tong J, Ji X, Zhang H, Xiong B, Cui D, Jiang L. The Analysis of the Ubiquitylomic Responses to Streptococcus agalactiae Infection in Bovine Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4331-4343. [PMID: 35923910 PMCID: PMC9342659 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s368779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the primary pathogens responsible for subclinical mastitis, a significant economic burden for dairy farms. An essential component of the immune response to infection is ubiquitination, which plays important roles in the complex interactions between the pathogen and host. Materials and Methods In the present study, quantitative ubiquitylomics was performed to profile changes in the global ubiquitinome of bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (BMECs) infected with S. agalactiae. Results The most notable changes in the BMEC ubiquitinome were related to the adherens junction, ribosome, and tight junction pathways. Ubiquitination of CTNNB1, EGFR, ITGB1, CTNNA1, CTNNA2, CDH1, YES1, and SLC9A3R1 appears to be fundamental for regulating multiple cellular processes in BMECs in response to S. agalactiae infection. In addition, broad ubiquitination of various effectors and outer membrane proteins was observed. Ubiquitinated proteins in S. agalactiae-infected BMECs were associated with regulating cell junctions in the host, with potential implications for susceptibility to infection. Conclusion The preliminary findings suggest that extensive ubiquitination of CTNNB1, CDH1 and SLC9A3R1 and proteins closely related to cell junctions might play an important role in mastitis progression in dairy cows. The results provide evidence that ubiquitin modification of certain proteins in S. agalactiae-infected BMECs could be a promising therapeutic strategy for reducing mammary gland injury and mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xintong Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Benhai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Defeng Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCVM, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Defeng Cui, Beijing Key Laboratory of TCVM, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 (10)-81798091, Email
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Linshu Jiang, Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 (10)-81798091, Email
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2
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Modulating Oxidative Stress in B Cells Promotes Immunotherapy in Food Allergy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3605977. [PMID: 35096267 PMCID: PMC8799367 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3605977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the mainstay in the treatment of allergic diseases; its therapeutic efficacy is to be improved. Bacterial flagellin (FGN) has immune regulatory functions. This study investigates the role of FGN in promoting immunotherapy efficacy through modulating oxidative stress in regulatory B cells (Bregs). Blood samples were collected from patients with food allergy (FA) and healthy control (HC) subjects. CD19+ CD5+ Bregs were purified from blood samples by flow cytometry cell sorting. A murine FA model was developed with ovalbumin as the specific antigen. The results showed that peripheral Bregs from FA patients showed lower TLR5-related signals and higher apoptotic activities. The peripheral Breg frequency was negatively correlated with serum FGN levels in FA patients. Exposure to a specific antigen in culture induced antigen-specific Breg apoptosis that was counteracted by the presence of FGN. FGN diminished specific antigen-induced oxidative stress in Bregs. The STAT3/MAPKp38/NF-κB signal pathway was involved in the FGN/TLR5 signal-promoted superoxide dismutase expression in Bregs. Administration of FGN promotes the SIT efficacy in suppressing experimental FA. In summary, administration of FGN promotes SIT efficacy on FA, suggesting that the combination of FGN and SIT can be a novel therapy that has the translational potential to be employed in the treatment of allergic diseases.
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3
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Ruffin M, Bigot J, Calmel C, Mercier J, Givelet M, Oliva J, Pizzorno A, Rosa-Calatrava M, Corvol H, Balloy V, Terrier O, Guillot L. Flagellin From Pseudomonas aeruginosa Modulates SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelial Cells by Increasing TMPRSS2 Expression. Front Immunol 2021; 12:714027. [PMID: 34950129 PMCID: PMC8688244 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.714027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) health crisis, one major challenge is to identify the susceptibility factors of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in order to adapt the recommendations for populations, as well as to reduce the risk of COVID-19 development in the most vulnerable people, especially patients with chronic respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Airway epithelial cells (AECs) play a critical role in the modulation of both immune responses and COVID-19 severity. SARS-CoV-2 infects the airway through the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, and a host protease, transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), plays a major role in SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Here, we show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa increases TMPRSS2 expression, notably in primary AECs with deficiency of the ion channel CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Further, we show that the main component of P. aeruginosa flagella, the protein flagellin, increases TMPRSS2 expression in primary AECs and Calu-3 cells, through activation of Toll-like receptor-5 and p38 MAPK. This increase is particularly seen in Calu-3 cells deficient for CFTR and is associated with an intracellular increased level of SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, with no effect on the amount of virus particles released. Considering the urgency of the COVID-19 health crisis, this result may be of clinical significance for CF patients, who are frequently infected with and colonized by P. aeruginosa during the course of CF and might develop COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Ruffin
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Bigot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, APHP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Claire Calmel
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Julia Mercier
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Maëlle Givelet
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Justine Oliva
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Andrés Pizzorno
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Manuel Rosa-Calatrava
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Harriet Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
- Pneumologie Pédiatrique, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Viviane Balloy
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Olivier Terrier
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Loïc Guillot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
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4
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Luan X, Le Y, Jagadeeshan S, Murray B, Carmalt JL, Duke T, Beazley S, Fujiyama M, Swekla K, Gray B, Burmester M, Campanucci VA, Shipley A, Machen TE, Tam JS, Ianowski JP. cAMP triggers Na + absorption by distal airway surface epithelium in cystic fibrosis swine. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109795. [PMID: 34610318 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A controversial hypothesis pertaining to cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is that the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel fails to inhibit the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), yielding increased Na+ reabsorption and airway dehydration. We use a non-invasive self-referencing Na+-selective microelectrode technique to measure Na+ transport across individual folds of distal airway surface epithelium preparations from CFTR-/- (CF) and wild-type (WT) swine. We show that, under unstimulated control conditions, WT and CF epithelia exhibit similar, low rates of Na+ transport that are unaffected by the ENaC blocker amiloride. However, in the presence of the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-elevating agents forskolin+IBMX (isobutylmethylxanthine), folds of WT tissues secrete large amounts of Na+, while CFTR-/- tissues absorb small, but potentially important, amounts of Na+. In cAMP-stimulated conditions, amiloride inhibits Na+ absorption in CFTR-/- tissues but does not affect secretion in WT tissues. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that ENaC-mediated Na+ absorption may contribute to dehydration of CF distal airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Luan
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Yen Le
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Santosh Jagadeeshan
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Brendan Murray
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - James L Carmalt
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Tanya Duke
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Shannon Beazley
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Masako Fujiyama
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kurtis Swekla
- Animal Care and Research Support, Research Excellence and Innovation, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Bridget Gray
- Animal Care and Research Support, Research Excellence and Innovation, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Monique Burmester
- Animal Care Unit, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Veronica A Campanucci
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Terry E Machen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Julian S Tam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Juan P Ianowski
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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5
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Cabrini G, Rimessi A, Borgatti M, Lampronti I, Finotti A, Pinton P, Gambari R. Role of Cystic Fibrosis Bronchial Epithelium in Neutrophil Chemotaxis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1438. [PMID: 32849500 PMCID: PMC7427443 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) chronic respiratory disease is an extensive neutrophil infiltrate in the mucosa filling the bronchial lumen, starting early in life for CF infants. The genetic defect of the CF Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) ion channel promotes dehydration of the airway surface liquid, alters mucus properties, and decreases mucociliary clearance, favoring the onset of recurrent and, ultimately, chronic bacterial infection. Neutrophil infiltrates are unable to clear bacterial infection and, as an adverse effect, contribute to mucosal tissue damage by releasing proteases and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, the rapid cellular turnover of lumenal neutrophils releases nucleic acids that further alter the mucus viscosity. A prominent role in the recruitment of neutrophil in bronchial mucosa is played by CF bronchial epithelial cells carrying the defective CFTR protein and are exposed to whole bacteria and bacterial products, making pharmacological approaches to regulate the exaggerated neutrophil chemotaxis in CF a relevant therapeutic target. Here we revise: (a) the major receptors, kinases, and transcription factors leading to the expression, and release of neutrophil chemokines in bronchial epithelial cells; (b) the role of intracellular calcium homeostasis and, in particular, the calcium crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria; (c) the epigenetic regulation of the key chemokines; (d) the role of mutant CFTR protein as a co-regulator of chemokines together with the host-pathogen interactions; and (e) different pharmacological strategies to regulate the expression of chemokines in CF bronchial epithelial cells through novel drug discovery and drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Cabrini
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Borgatti
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lampronti
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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6
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Bezzerri V, Piacenza F, Caporelli N, Malavolta M, Provinciali M, Cipolli M. Is cellular senescence involved in cystic fibrosis? Respir Res 2019; 20:32. [PMID: 30764828 PMCID: PMC6376730 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-0993-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary disease is the main cause of the morbidity and mortality of patients affected by cystic fibrosis (CF). The lung pathology is dominated by excessive recruitment of neutrophils followed by an exaggerated inflammatory process that has also been reported to occur in the absence of apparent pathogenic infections. Airway surface dehydration and mucus accumulation are the driving forces of this process. The continuous release of reactive oxygen species and proteases by neutrophils contributes to tissue damage, which eventually leads to respiratory insufficiency. CF has been considered a paediatric problem for several decades. Nevertheless, during the last 40 years, therapeutic options for CF have been greatly improved, turning CF into a chronic disease and extending the life expectancy of patients. Unfortunately, chronic inflammatory processes, which are characterized by a substantial release of cytokines and chemokines, along with ROS and proteases, can accelerate cellular senescence, leading to further complications in adulthood. The alterations and mechanisms downstream of CFTR functional defects that can stimulate cellular senescence remain unclear. However, while there are correlative data suggesting that cellular senescence may be implicated in CF, a causal or consequential relationship between cellular senescence and CF is still far from being established. Senescence can be both beneficial and detrimental. Senescence may suppress bacterial infections and cooperate with tissue repair. Additionally, it may act as an effective anticancer mechanism. However, it may also promote a pro-inflammatory environment, thereby damaging tissues and leading to chronic age-related diseases. In this review, we present the most current knowledge on cellular senescence and contextualize its possible involvement in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Bezzerri
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacenza
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nicole Caporelli
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Provinciali
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Cipolli
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, 60121, Ancona, Italy.
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7
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Luan X, Belev G, Tam JS, Jagadeeshan S, Hassan N, Gioino P, Grishchenko N, Huang Y, Carmalt JL, Duke T, Jones T, Monson B, Burmester M, Simovich T, Yilmaz O, Campanucci VA, Machen TE, Chapman LD, Ianowski JP. Cystic fibrosis swine fail to secrete airway surface liquid in response to inhalation of pathogens. Nat Commun 2017; 8:786. [PMID: 28983075 PMCID: PMC5629252 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel, which can result in chronic lung disease. The sequence of events leading to lung disease is not fully understood but recent data show that the critical pathogenic event is the loss of the ability to clear bacteria due to abnormal airway surface liquid secretion (ASL). However, whether the inhalation of bacteria triggers ASL secretion and whether this is abnormal in cystic fibrosis has never been tested. Here we show, using a novel synchrotron-based in vivo imaging technique, that wild-type pigs display both a basal and a Toll-like receptor-mediated ASL secretory response to the inhalation of cystic fibrosis relevant bacteria. Both mechanisms fail in CFTR-/- swine, suggesting that cystic fibrosis airways do not respond to inhaled pathogens, thus favoring infection and inflammation that may eventually lead to tissue remodeling and respiratory disease.Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the CFTR chloride channel, leading to reduced airway surface liquid secretion. Here the authors show that exposure to bacteria triggers secretion in wild-type but not in pig models of cystic fibrosis, suggesting an impaired response to pathogens contributes to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Luan
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - George Belev
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 2V3
| | - Julian S Tam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0W8
| | - Santosh Jagadeeshan
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Noman Hassan
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Paula Gioino
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Nikolay Grishchenko
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Yanyun Huang
- Prairie Diagnostic Services Inc., 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B4
| | - James L Carmalt
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B4
| | - Tanya Duke
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B4
| | - Teela Jones
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B4
| | - Bev Monson
- Animal Care Unit, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B4
| | - Monique Burmester
- Animal Care Unit, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B4
| | - Tomer Simovich
- Surface Science and Technology Group, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Orhan Yilmaz
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Veronica A Campanucci
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Terry E Machen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, 231 LSA, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3200, USA
| | - L Dean Chapman
- University of Saskatchewan, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Juan P Ianowski
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, Room 2D01, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5.
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8
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Melis N, Tauc M, Cougnon M, Bendahhou S, Giuliano S, Rubera I, Duranton C. Revisiting CFTR inhibition: a comparative study of CFTRinh -172 and GlyH-101 inhibitors. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 171:3716-27. [PMID: 24758416 PMCID: PMC4128068 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE For decades, inhibitors of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel have been used as tools to investigate the role and function of CFTR conductance in cystic fibrosis research. In the early 2000s, two new and potent inhibitors of CFTR, CFTRinh-172 and GlyH-101, were described and are now widely used to inhibit specifically CFTR. However, despite some evidence, the effects of both drugs on other types of Cl−-conductance have been overlooked. In this context, we explore the specificity and the cellular toxicity of both inhibitors in CFTR-expressing and non–CFTR-expressing cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using patch-clamp technique, we tested the effects of CFTRinh-172 and GlyH-101 inhibitors on three distinct types of Cl− currents: the CFTR-like conductance, the volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl− conductance (VSORC) and finally the Ca2+-dependent Cl− conductance (CaCC). We also explored the effect of both inhibitors on cell viability using live/dead and cell proliferation assays in two different cell lines. KEY RESULTS We confirmed that these two compounds were potent inhibitors of the CFTR-mediated Cl− conductance. However,GlyH-101 also inhibited the VSORC conductance and the CaCC at concentrations used to inhibit CFTR. The CFTRinh-172 did not affect the CaCC but did inhibit the VSORC, at concentrations higher than 5 µM. Neither inhibitor (20 µM; 24 h exposure) affected cell viability, but both were cytotoxic at higher concentrations. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Both inhibitors affected Cl− conductances apart from CFTR. Our results provided insights into their use in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Melis
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, LP2M CNRS-UMR7370, Faculté de médecine, Nice, France
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9
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Abstract
The different types of cells in the lung, from the conducting airway epithelium to the alveolar epithelium and the pulmonary vasculature, are interconnected by gap junctions. The specific profile of gap junction proteins, the connexins, expressed in these different cell types forms compartments of intercellular communication that can be further shaped by the release of extracellular nucleotides via pannexin1 channels. In this review, we focus on the physiology of connexins and pannexins and describe how this lung communication network modulates lung function and host defenses in conductive and respiratory airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Losa
- Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- The ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, 2007 Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Marc Chanson
- Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Cuthbert AW, Murthy M, Darlington APS. Neural control of submucosal gland and apical membrane secretions in airways. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:e12398. [PMID: 26059031 PMCID: PMC4510617 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that lay behind the low-level secretions from airway submucosal glands and the surface epithelium in the absence of external innervation have been investigated in small areas (1.0-1.5 cm(2)) of mucosa from sheep tracheas, freshly collected from a local abattoir. Glandular secretion was measured by an optical method while short circuit current was used as a measure of surface secretion. Activation of neurones in the intrinsic nerve net by veratrine alkaloids caused an immediate increase in both glandular secretion and short circuit current, both effects being blocked by the addition of tetrodotoxin. However, agents known to be acting directly on the glands, such as muscarinic agonists (e.g., carbachol) or adenylate cyclase activators (e.g., forskolin) were not influenced by tetrodotoxin. The toxin alone had no discernable effect on the low-level basal secretion shown by unstimulated glands. Calu-3 cell monolayers, generally agreed to be a surrogate for the secretory cells of submucosal glands, showed no sensitivity to veratrine alkaloids, strengthening the view that the veratrine-like drugs acted exclusively on the intrinsic nerve net. The data are discussed in relation way in which transplanted lungs can maintain mucociliary clearance and hence a sterile environment in the absence of external innervation, as in transplanted lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan W Cuthbert
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Meena Murthy
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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11
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Trinh NTN, Bilodeau C, Maillé É, Ruffin M, Quintal MC, Desrosiers MY, Rousseau S, Brochiero E. Deleterious impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator function and rescue in airway epithelial cells. Eur Respir J 2015; 45:1590-602. [PMID: 25792634 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00076214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial response to bacterial airway infection, a common feature of lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis, has been extensively studied. However, its impact on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel function is not clearly defined. Our aims were, therefore, to evaluate the effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on CFTR function and expression in non-cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells, and to investigate its impact on ΔF508-CFTR rescue by the VRT-325 corrector in cystic fibrosis cells. CFTR expression/maturation was evaluated by immunoblotting and its function by short-circuit current measurements. A 24-h exposure to P. aeruginosa diffusible material (PsaDM) reduced CFTR currents as well as total and membrane protein expression of the wildtype (wt) CFTR protein in CFBE-wt cells. In CFBE-ΔF508 cells, PsaDM severely reduced CFTR maturation and current rescue induced by VRT-325. We also confirmed a deleterious impact of PsaDM on wt-CFTR currents in non-cystic fibrosis primary airway cells as well as on the rescue of ΔF508-CFTR function induced by VRT-325 in primary cystic fibrosis cells. These findings show that CFTR function could be impaired in non-cystic fibrosis patients infected by P. aeruginosa. Our data also suggest that CFTR corrector efficiency may be affected by infectious components, which should be taken into account in screening assays of correctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thu Ngan Trinh
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada Dept de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada Both authors contributed equally
| | - Claudia Bilodeau
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada Dept de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada Both authors contributed equally
| | - Émilie Maillé
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Manon Ruffin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada Dept de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Quintal
- Paediatric Otolaryngology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin-Yvon Desrosiers
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Rousseau
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Dept of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Brochiero
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada Dept de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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12
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Phenylbutyrate induces cathelicidin expression via the vitamin D receptor: Linkage to inflammatory and growth factor cytokines pathways. Mol Immunol 2015; 63:530-9. [PMID: 25458314 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute an indispensable arm of innate immunity against infectious microbes in humans. Induction of endogenous AMPs may become an alternative therapy against infections. Our previous studies have demonstrated phenylbutyrate (PBA) as a novel inducer of the AMPs cathelicidin (encoded by the CAMP gene) and human beta-defensin-1 in the human bronchial epithelial cell line VA10. In this work, we have continued by studying molecular mechanisms of PBA mediated induction of LL-37 expression and associated pathways in the human bronchial epithelial cell line VA10. In this study we demonstrate vitamin D receptor (VDR) as a key transcription factor required for PBA mediated up-regulation of the CAMP gene expression. PBA also increases mRNA expression of the vitamin D3 regulated genes CYP24A1 and CD14. The siRNA knockdown of VDR reduced PBA mediated increase in CAMP, CYP24A1 and CD14 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PBA enhances Toll-Like Receptor 5 ligand flagellin regulated mRNA expression of the inflammatory cytokine TNFα and chemokine CXCL8. PBA also up-regulates the expression of the genes encoding the growth factor cytokines transforming growth factor (TGF) α, TGFβ1 and TGFβ2. Our results indicate that TGFβ type I receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor are involved in PBA mediated CAMP regulation. Finally, we show that co-treatment with PBA and vitamin D3 reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth in vitro.
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13
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Cho DY, Le W, Bravo DT, Hwang PH, Illek B, Fischer H, Nayak JV. Air pollutants cause release of hydrogen peroxide and interleukin-8 in a human primary nasal tissue culture model. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2014; 4:966-71. [PMID: 25400124 DOI: 10.1002/alr.21413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A component of primary innate defense of the nasal mucosa against inhaled pathogens includes continuous, low-level release of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) into luminal secretions. Epidemiologically, an association exists between poor air quality and increased prevalence of sinonasal disease. To understand the effects of particulate matter (PM) in nasal mucosa, we studied the release of H2 O2 and interleukin 8 (IL-8) after PM exposure. METHODS Human nasal specimens were collected from surgery and cultured in serum-free growth medium. Cell integrity and recovery during culture was monitored by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release into the medium. Cultures were exposed to PM for 24 hours in the presence/absence of diphenyleneiodonium sulfate (DPI; a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH] oxidase inhibitor). Luminex cytokine and Amplex-Red H2 O2 assays were performed. RESULTS LDH levels dropped rapidly within 2 days, indicative of stabilization and cell recovery after harvest. All cultures released H2 O2 into the medium. Exposure to PM (20 μg/cm(2) ) increased H2 O2 levels significantly (94.6 ± 7.7 nM) compared to untreated controls (55.8 ± 4.0 nM; p = 0.001). PM-induced H2 O2 production was partially inhibited by DPI (80.1 ± 3.8nM), indicating that cellular NADPH oxidase may be a primary source of H2 O2 production. Exposure to PM increased IL-8 levels in a dose-dependent fashion (control = 2301 ± 412 MFI; 20 μg/cm(2) = 5002 ± 1327 MFI; 40 μg/cm(2) = 8219 ± 1090 MFI; p = 0.022). CONCLUSION PM increases the quantity of H2 O2 released by nasal epithelial cells, indicating that PM can contribute to oxidative stress in part by activating a normal cellular defense mechanism. Exposure to PM resulted in elevated IL-8 levels and mucin production in explants. Efforts to reduce airborne PM may lead to reduced H2 O2 and mucin production in sinonasal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Yeon Cho
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA
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14
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa triggers CFTR-mediated airway surface liquid secretion in swine trachea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:12930-5. [PMID: 25136096 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1406414111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the anion channel cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Several organs are affected in CF, but most of the morbidity and mortality comes from lung disease. Recent data show that the initial consequence of CFTR mutation is the failure to eradicate bacteria before the development of inflammation and airway remodeling. Bacterial clearance depends on a layer of airway surface liquid (ASL) consisting of both a mucus layer that traps, kills, and inactivates bacteria and a periciliary liquid layer that keeps the mucus at an optimum distance from the underlying epithelia, to maximize ciliary motility and clearance of bacteria. The airways in CF patients and animal models of CF demonstrate abnormal ASL secretion and reduced antimicrobial properties. Thus, it has been proposed that abnormal ASL secretion in response to bacteria may facilitate the development of the infection and inflammation that characterize CF airway disease. Whether the inhalation of bacteria triggers ASL secretion, and the role of CFTR, have never been tested, however. We developed a synchrotron-based imaging technique to visualize the ASL layer and measure the effect of bacteria on ASL secretion. We show that the introduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other bacteria into the lumen of intact isolated swine tracheas triggers CFTR-dependent ASL secretion by the submucosal glands. This response requires expression of the bacterial protein flagellin. In patients with CF, the inhalation of bacteria would fail to trigger ASL secretion, leading to infection and inflammation.
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15
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Losa D, Köhler T, Bellec J, Dudez T, Crespin S, Bacchetta M, Boulanger P, Hong SS, Morel S, Nguyen TH, van Delden C, Chanson M. Pseudomonas aeruginosa–Induced Apoptosis in Airway Epithelial Cells Is Mediated by Gap Junctional Communication in a JNK-Dependent Manner. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:4804-12. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Schwarzer C, Ravishankar B, Patanwala M, Shuai S, Fu Z, Illek B, Fischer H, Machen TE. Thapsigargin blocks Pseudomonas aeruginosa homoserine lactone-induced apoptosis in airway epithelia. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 306:C844-55. [PMID: 24598360 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00002.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-homoserine lactone (C12) as a quorum-sensing molecule to regulate gene expression. Micromolar concentrations are found in the airway surface liquid of infected lungs. Exposure of the airway surface to C12 caused a loss of transepithelial resistance within 1 h that was accompanied by disassembly of tight junctions, as indicated by relocation of the tight junction protein zonula occludens 1 from the apical to the basolateral pole and into the cytosol of polarized human airway epithelial cell cultures (Calu-3 and primary tracheal epithelial cells). These effects were blocked by carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]-fluoromethylketone, a pan-caspase blocker, indicating that tight junction disassembly was an early event in C12-triggered apoptosis. Short-duration (10 min) pretreatment of airway epithelial (Calu-3 and JME) cells with 1 μM thapsigargin (Tg), an inhibitor of Ca(2+) uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), was found to be protective against the C12-induced airway epithelial barrier breakdown and also against other apoptosis-related effects, including shrinkage and fragmentation of nuclei, activation of caspase 3/7 (the executioner caspase in apoptosis), release of ER-targeted redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein into the cytosol, and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Pretreatment of Calu-3 airway cell monolayers with BAPTA-AM [to buffer cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration (Cacyto)] or Ca(2+)-free solution + BAPTA-AM reduced C12 activation of apoptotic events, suggesting that C12-triggered apoptosis may involve Ca(2+). Because C12 and Tg reduced Ca(2+) concentration in the ER and increased Cacyto, while Tg increased mitochondrial Ca(2+) concentration (Camito) and C12 reduced Camito, it is proposed that Tg may reduce C12-induced apoptosis in host cells not by raising Cacyto, but by preventing C12-induced decreases in Camito.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schwarzer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California; and
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17
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Muramatsu S, Tamada T, Nara M, Murakami K, Kikuchi T, Kanehira M, Maruyama Y, Ebina M, Nukiwa T, Ichinose M. Flagellin/TLR5 signaling potentiates airway serous secretion from swine tracheal submucosal glands. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 305:L819-30. [PMID: 24097563 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00053.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway serous secretion is essential for the maintenance of mucociliary transport in airway mucosa, which is responsible for the upregulation of mucosal immunity. Although there are many articles concerning the importance of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in airway immune systems, the direct relationship between TLRs and airway serous secretion has not been well investigated. Here, we focused on whether TLR5 ligand flagellin, which is one of the components of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is involved in the upregulation of airway serous secretion. Freshly isolated swine tracheal submucosal gland cells were prepared, and the standard patch-clamp technique was applied for measurements of the whole cell ionic responses of these cells. Flagellin showed potentiating effects on these oscillatory currents induced by physiologically relevant low doses of acetylcholine (ACh) in a dose-dependent manner. These potentiating effects were TLR5 dependent but TLR4 independent. Both nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitors and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) inhibitors abolished these flagellin-induced potentiating effects. Furthermore, TLR5 was abundantly expressed on tracheal submucosal glands. Flagellin/TLR5 signaling further accelerated the intracellular NO synthesis induced by ACh. These findings suggest that TLR5 takes part in the airway mucosal defense systems as a unique endogenous potentiator of airway serous secretions and that NO/cGMP/cGK signaling is involved in this rapid potentiation by TLR5 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soshi Muramatsu
- Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku Univ. Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, JAPAN.
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18
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Davidovich N, DiPaolo BC, Lawrence GG, Chhour P, Yehya N, Margulies SS. Cyclic stretch-induced oxidative stress increases pulmonary alveolar epithelial permeability. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 49:156-64. [PMID: 23526210 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0252oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation with high tidal volumes has been associated with pulmonary alveolar flooding. Understanding the mechanisms underlying cyclic stretch-induced increases in alveolar epithelial permeability may be important in designing preventive measures for acute lung injury. In this work, we assessed whether cyclic stretch leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species in type I-like alveolar epithelial cells, which increase monolayer permeability via activation of NF-κB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). We cyclically stretched type I-like rat primary alveolar epithelial cells at magnitudes of 12, 25, and 37% change in surface area (ΔSA) for 10 to 120 minutes. High levels of reactive oxygen species and of superoxide and NO specifically were detected in cells stretched at 37% ΔSA for 10 to 120 minutes. Exogenous superoxide and NO stimulation increased epithelial permeability in unstretched cells, which was preventable by the NF-κB inhibitor MG132. The cyclic stretch-induced increase in permeability was decreased by the superoxide scavenger tiron and by MG132. Furthermore, tiron had a dramatic protective effect on in vivo lung permeability under mechanical ventilation conditions. Cyclic stretch increased the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which was significantly decreased with the ERK inhibitor U0126. Altogether, our in vitro and in vivo data demonstrate the sensitivity of permeability to stretch- and ventilation-induced superoxide production, suggesting that using antioxidants may be helpful in the prevention and treatment of ventilator-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit Davidovich
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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19
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Kravchenko VV, Kaufmann GF. Bacterial inhibition of inflammatory responses via TLR-independent mechanisms. Cell Microbiol 2013; 15:527-36. [DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V. Kravchenko
- Department of Immunology & Microbial Science; The Scripps Research Institute; 10550 North Torrey Pines Road; La Jolla; CA; 92037; USA
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20
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Buyck JM, Verriere V, Benmahdi R, Higgins G, Guery B, Matran R, Harvey BJ, Faure K, Urbach V. P. aeruginosa LPS stimulates calcium signaling and chloride secretion via CFTR in human bronchial epithelial cells. J Cyst Fibros 2012; 12:60-7. [PMID: 22809761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection is associated with a high mortality rate in cystic fibrosis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a main constituent of the outer membrane of P. aeruginosa, is responsible for activation of innate immune response but its role on airway epithelium ion transport, is not well known. The aim of this study was to determine the role for P. aeruginosa LPS in modulating chloride secretion and intracellular calcium in the human bronchial epithelial cell line, 16HBE14o-. METHODS We used intracellular calcium imaging and short-circuit current measurement upon exposure of cells to P. aeruginosa LPS. RESULTS Apical LPS stimulated intracellular calcium release and calcium entry and enhanced chloride secretion. This latter effect was significantly inhibited by CFTR(inh)-172 and BAPTA-AM (intracellular Ca(2+) chelator). CONCLUSIONS Our data provides evidence for a new role of P. aeruginosa LPS in stimulating calcium entry and release and a subsequent chloride secretion via CFTR in human bronchial epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Buyck
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, EA2689, IMPRT IFR 114, Université de Lille, Lille cedex, France.
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21
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Baniak N, Luan X, Grunow A, Machen TE, Ianowski JP. The cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α stimulate CFTR-mediated fluid secretion by swine airway submucosal glands. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 303:L327-33. [PMID: 22683572 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00058.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The airway is kept sterile by an efficient innate defense mechanism. The cornerstone of airway defense is mucus containing diverse antimicrobial factors that kill or inactivate pathogens. Most of the mucus in the upper airways is secreted by airway submucosal glands. In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), airway defense fails and the lungs are colonized by bacteria, usually Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Accumulating evidence suggests that airway submucosal glands contribute to CF pathogenesis by failing to respond appropriately to inhalation of bacteria. However, the regulation of submucosal glands by the innate immune system remains poorly understood. We studied the response of submucosal glands to the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. These are released into the airway submucosa in response to infection with the bacterium P. aeruginosa and are elevated in CF airways. Stimulation with IL-1β and TNF-α increased submucosal gland secretion in a concentration-dependent manner with a maximal secretion rate of 240 ± 20 and 190 ± 40 pl/min, respectively. The half maximal effective concentrations were 11 and 20 ng/ml, respectively. The cytokine effect was dependent on cAMP but was independent of cGMP, nitric oxide, Ca(2+), or p38 MAP kinase. Most importantly, IL-1β- and TNF-α-stimulated secretion was blocked by the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) blocker, CFTRinh172 (100 μmol/l) but was not affected by the Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channel blocker, niflumic acid (1 μmol/l). The data suggest, that during bacterial infections and resulting release of proinflammatory cytokines, the glands are stimulated to secrete fluid, and this response is mediated by cAMP-activated CFTR, a process that would fail in patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Baniak
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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22
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Schwarzer C, Fu Z, Patanwala M, Hum L, Lopez-Guzman M, Illek B, Kong W, Lynch SV, Machen TE. Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm-associated homoserine lactone C12 rapidly activates apoptosis in airway epithelia. Cell Microbiol 2012; 14:698-709. [PMID: 22233488 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2012.01753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) forms biofilms in lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, a process regulated by quorum-sensing molecules including N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (C12). C12 (10-100 µM) rapidly triggered events commonly associated with the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in JME (CF ΔF508CFTR, nasal surface) epithelial cells: depolarization of mitochondrial (mito) membrane potential (Δψ(mito)) and release of cytochrome C (cytoC) from mitos into cytosol and activation of caspases 3/7, 8 and 9. C12 also had novel effects on the endoplasmic reticulum (release of both Ca(2+) and ER-targeted GFP and oxidized contents into the cytosol). Effects began within 5 min and were complete in 1-2 h. C12 caused similar activation of caspases and release of cytoC from mitos in Calu-3 (wtCFTR, bronchial gland) cells, showing that C12-triggered responses occurred similarly in different airway epithelial types. C12 had nearly identical effects on three key aspects of the apoptosis response (caspase 3/7, depolarization of Δψ(mito) and reduction of redox potential in the ER) in JME and CFTR-corrected JME cells (adenoviral expression), showing that CFTR was likely not an important regulator of C12-triggered apoptosis in airway epithelia. Exposure of airway cultures to biofilms from PAO1wt caused depolarization of Δψ(mito) and increases in Ca(cyto) like 10-50 µM C12. In contrast, biofilms from PAO1ΔlasI (C12 deficient) had no effect, suggesting that C12 from P. aeruginosa biofilms may contribute to accumulation of apoptotic cells that cannot be cleared from CF lungs. A model to explain the effects of C12 is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schwarzer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA
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23
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Schwarzer C, Wong S, Shi J, Matthes E, Illek B, Ianowski JP, Arant RJ, Isacoff E, Vais H, Foskett JK, Maiellaro I, Hofer AM, Machen TE. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Homoserine lactone activates store-operated cAMP and cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator-dependent Cl- secretion by human airway epithelia. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:34850-63. [PMID: 20739289 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.167668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa frequently causes hospital-acquired infections. P. aeruginosa also infects the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and secretes N-(3-oxo-dodecanoyl)-S-homoserine lactone (3O-C12) to regulate bacterial gene expression critical for P. aeruginosa persistence. In addition to its effects as a quorum-sensing gene regulator in P. aeruginosa, 3O-C12 elicits cross-kingdom effects on host cell signaling leading to both pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. We find that in addition to these slow effects mediated through changes in gene expression, 3O-C12 also rapidly increases Cl(-) and fluid secretion in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR)-expressing airway epithelia. 3O-C12 does not stimulate Cl(-) secretion in CF cells, suggesting that lactone activates the CFTR. 3O-C12 also appears to directly activate the inositol trisphosphate receptor and release Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lowering [Ca(2+)] in the ER and thereby activating the Ca(2+)-sensitive ER signaling protein STIM1. 3O-C12 increases cytosolic [Ca(2+)] and, strikingly, also cytosolic [cAMP], the known activator of CFTR. Activation of Cl(-) current by 3O-C12 was inhibited by a cAMP antagonist and increased by a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Finally, a Ca(2+) buffer that lowers [Ca(2+)] in the ER similar to the effect of 3O-C12 also increased cAMP and I(Cl). The results suggest that 3O-C12 stimulates CFTR-dependent Cl(-) and fluid secretion in airway epithelial cells by activating the inositol trisphosphate receptor, thus lowering [Ca(2+)] in the ER and activating STIM1 and store-operated cAMP production. In CF airways, where CFTR is absent, the adaptive ability to rapidly flush the bacteria away is compromised because the lactone cannot affect Cl(-) and fluid secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schwarzer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA
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Li R, Maminishkis A, Banzon T, Wan Q, Jalickee S, Chen S, Miller SS. IFN{gamma} regulates retinal pigment epithelial fluid transport. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2009; 297:C1452-65. [PMID: 19794146 PMCID: PMC2793058 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00255.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present experiments show that IFNgamma receptors are mainly localized to the basolateral membrane of human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Activation of these receptors in primary cultures of human fetal RPE inhibited cell proliferation and migration, decreased RPE mitochondrial membrane potential, altered transepithelial potential and resistance, and significantly increased transepithelial fluid absorption. These effects are mediated through JAK-STAT and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Second messenger signaling through cAMP-PKA pathway- and interferon regulatory factor-1-dependent production of nitric oxide/cGMP stimulated the CFTR at the basolateral membrane and increased transepithelial fluid absorption. In vivo experiments using a rat model of retinal reattachment showed that IFNgamma applied to the anterior surface of the eye can remove extra fluid deposited in the extracellular or subretinal space between the retinal photoreceptors and RPE. Removal of this extra fluid was blocked by a combination of PKA and JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors injected into the subretinal space. These results demonstrate a protective role for IFNgamma in regulating retinal hydration across the outer blood-retinal barrier in inflammatory disease processes and provide the basis for possible therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-2510, USA
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