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Roberts BM, Geddis AV, Ciuciu A, Reynoso M, Mehta N, Varanoske AN, Kelley AM, Walker RJ, Munoz R, Kolb AL, Staab JS, Naimo MA, Tomlinson RE. Acetaminophen influences musculoskeletal signaling but not adaptations to endurance exercise training. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23586. [PMID: 38568858 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302642r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (ACE) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug with various applications, from pain relief to fever reduction. Recent studies have reported equivocal effects of habitual ACE intake on exercise performance, muscle growth, and risks to bone health. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of a 6-week, low-dose ACE regimen on muscle and bone adaptations in exercising and non-exercising rats. Nine-week-old Wistar rats (n = 40) were randomized to an exercise or control (no exercise) condition with ACE or without (placebo). For the exercise condition, rats ran 5 days per week for 6 weeks at a 5% incline for 2 min at 15 cm/s, 2 min at 20 cm/s, and 26 min at 25 cm/s. A human equivalent dose of ACE was administered (379 mg/kg body weight) in drinking water and adjusted each week based on body weight. Food, water intake, and body weight were measured daily. At the beginning of week 6, animals in the exercise group completed a maximal treadmill test. At the end of week 6, rats were euthanized, and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), fiber type, and signaling pathways were measured. Additionally, three-point bending and microcomputer tomography were measured in the femur. Follow-up experiments in human primary muscle cells were used to explore supra-physiological effects of ACE. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA for treatment (ACE or placebo) and condition (exercise or non-exercise) for all animal outcomes. Data for cell culture experiments were analyzed via ANOVA. If omnibus significance was found in either ANOVA, a post hoc analysis was completed, and a Tukey's adjustment was used. ACE did not alter body weight, water intake, food intake, or treadmill performance (p > .05). There was a treatment-by-condition effect for Young's Modulus where placebo exercise was significantly lower than placebo control (p < .05). There was no treatment by condition effects for microCT measures, muscle CSA, fiber type, or mRNA expression. Phosphorylated-AMPK was significantly increased with exercise (p < .05) and this was attenuated with ACE treatment. Furthermore, phospho-4EBP1 was depressed in the exercise group compared to the control (p < .05) and increased in the ACE control and ACE exercise group compared to placebo exercise (p < .05). A low dose of ACE did not influence chronic musculoskeletal adaptations in exercising rodents but acutely attenuated AMPK phosphorylation and 4EBP1 dephosphorylation post-exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Roberts
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alyssa V Geddis
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandra Ciuciu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marinaliz Reynoso
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nikhil Mehta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alyssa N Varanoske
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, Maryland, USA
| | - Alyssa M Kelley
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raymond J Walker
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rigoberto Munoz
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander L Kolb
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffery S Staab
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marshall A Naimo
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan E Tomlinson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lee CJ, Nicoll JX. Time Course Evaluation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation to Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:710-725. [PMID: 36727997 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lee, CJ and Nicoll, JX. Time course evaluation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation to resistance exercise: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 37(3): 710-725, 2023-Resistance exercise (RE) can increase the signaling activities of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), specifically extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (p90RSK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK), and p38-MAPK. These RE-induced responses contribute to various intracellular processes modulating growth and development in skeletal muscles, playing an essential role in resistance training adaptations. The time course of MAPK phosphorylation to different RE conditions, such as training experience and varying loads, remains ambiguous. A systematic review was conducted to determine the effects of different post-RE recovery time points on the MAPK signaling cascade. In addition, the effects of loading and training statuses on MAPK responses were also investigated. The review was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines with a literature search incorporating 3 electronic databases. A modified version of the Downs and Black checklist was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies. The signaling responses were measured within a time range between immediately post-RE and >6 hours post-RE. Forty-four studies met the inclusion criteria, and all were classified as good-to-moderate methodological quality. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation increased to different levels after RE, with the highest near the cessation of exercise. Although overall signaling was attenuated among trained individuals likely because of training adaptations, greater MAPK responses can be attributed to moderate loads of 65-85% 1RM regardless of the training experience. However, specific training-induced responses remain equivocal, and further investigations are required to determine the ideal training parameters to optimize anabolic intramuscular signaling, which may likely optimize resistance training adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California
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The effects of acute aerobic and resistance exercise on mTOR signaling and autophagy markers in untrained human skeletal muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2913-2924. [PMID: 34196787 PMCID: PMC10150453 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aerobic (AE) and resistance (RE) exercise elicit unique adaptations in skeletal muscle. The purpose here was to compare the post-exercise response of mTOR signaling and select autophagy markers in skeletal muscle to acute AE and RE. METHODS In a randomized, cross-over design, six untrained men (27 ± 3 years) completed acute AE (40 min cycling, 70% HRmax) and RE (8 sets, 10 repetitions, 65% 1RM). Muscle biopsies were taken at baseline, and at 1 h and 4 h following each exercise. Western blot analyses were performed to examine total and phosphorylated protein levels. Upstream regulator analyses of skeletal muscle transcriptomics were performed to discern the predicted activation states of mTOR and FOXO3. RESULTS Compared to AE, acute RE resulted in greater phosphorylation (P < 0.05) of mTORSer2448 at 4 h, S6K1Thr389 at 1 h, and 4E- BP1Thr37/46 during the post-exercise period. However, both AE and RE increased mTORSer2448 and S6K1Thr389 phosphorylation at 4 h (P < 0.05). Upstream regulator analyses revealed the activation state of mTOR was increased for both AE (z score, 2.617) and RE (z score, 2.789). No changes in LC3BI protein were observed following AE or RE (P > 0.05), however, LC3BII protein was decreased after both AE and RE at 1 h and 4 h (P < 0.05). p62 protein content was also decreased at 4 h following AE and RE (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Both acute AE and RE stimulate mTOR signaling and similarly impact select markers of autophagy. These findings indicate the early adaptive response of untrained human skeletal muscle to divergent exercise modes is not likely mediated through large differences in mTOR signaling or autophagy.
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Karaarslan N, Yilmaz I, Sirin DY. Toxicity of the acetyl-para-aminophenol group of medicines to intact intervertebral disc tissue cells. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:147. [PMID: 33456514 PMCID: PMC7791924 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of paracetamol, an analgesic and antipyretic that is used in emergency departments and neurosurgery departments for postoperative pain management on intervertebral disc tissue. Paracetamol-treated human primary cell cultures and untreated cell cultures were compared using molecular analyses. Cell proliferation and gene expression were statistically analyzed. Cell proliferation was suppressed on days 10 (P=0.05) and 20 (P<0.05) in the paracetamol-treated groups. Gene expression of chondroadherin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7, MMP-13 and MMP-19 was higher in the paracetamol-treated samples while gene expression of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein and interleukin-1β was lower (P<0.05). Paracetamol, which appears innocuous compared with many analgesics, may increase the expression of MMPs, which serve a significant role in catabolic reactions and suppress the proliferation of intact intervertebral disc tissue cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numan Karaarslan
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag 59100, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey
| | - Duygu Yasar Sirin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag 59100, Turkey
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Dantas WS, Roschel H, Murai IH, Gil S, Davuluri G, Axelrod CL, Ghosh S, Newman SS, Zhang H, Shinjo SK, das Neves W, Merege-Filho C, Teodoro WR, Capelozzi VL, Pereira RM, Benatti FB, de Sá-Pinto AL, de Cleva R, Santo MA, Kirwan JP, Gualano B. Exercise-Induced Increases in Insulin Sensitivity After Bariatric Surgery Are Mediated By Muscle Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. Diabetes 2020; 69:1675-1691. [PMID: 32409493 PMCID: PMC7372074 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exercise seems to enhance the beneficial effect of bariatric (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB]) surgery on insulin resistance. We hypothesized that skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling may underlie these benefits. Women were randomized to either a combined aerobic and resistance exercise training program following RYGB (RYGB + ET) or standard of care (RYGB). Insulin sensitivity was assessed by oral glucose tolerance test. Muscle biopsy specimens were obtained at baseline and 3 and 9 months after surgery and subjected to comprehensive phenotyping, transcriptome profiling, molecular pathway identification, and validation in vitro. Exercise training improved insulin sensitivity beyond surgery alone (e.g., Matsuda index: RYGB 123% vs. RYGB + ET 325%; P ≤ 0.0001). ECM remodeling was reduced by surgery alone, with an additive benefit of surgery and exercise training (e.g., collagen I: RYGB -41% vs. RYGB + ET -76%; P ≤ 0.0001). Exercise and RYGB had an additive effect on enhancing insulin sensitivity, but surgery alone did not resolve insulin resistance and ECM remodeling. We identified candidates modulated by exercise training that may become therapeutic targets for treating insulin resistance, in particular, the transforming growth factor-β1/SMAD 2/3 pathway and its antagonist follistatin. Exercise-induced increases in insulin sensitivity after bariatric surgery are at least partially mediated by muscle ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner S Dantas
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Igor H Murai
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo Gil
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gangarao Davuluri
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Christopher L Axelrod
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
- Department of Translational Services, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Genomics Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program and Center for Computational Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Susan S Newman
- Genomics Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Samuel K Shinjo
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian das Neves
- Clinical Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Merege-Filho
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walcy R Teodoro
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera L Capelozzi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Pereira
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana B Benatti
- School of Applied Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana L de Sá-Pinto
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto de Cleva
- Department of Digestive Division, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco A Santo
- Department of Digestive Division, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John P Kirwan
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Patel SH, Yue F, Saw SK, Foguth R, Cannon JR, Shannahan JH, Kuang S, Sabbaghi A, Carroll CC. Advanced Glycation End-Products Suppress Mitochondrial Function and Proliferative Capacity of Achilles Tendon-Derived Fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12614. [PMID: 31471548 PMCID: PMC6717202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Debilitating cases of tendon pain and degeneration affect the majority of diabetic individuals. The high rate of tendon degeneration persists even when glucose levels are well controlled, suggesting that other mechanisms may drive tendon degeneration in diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of advanced glycation end-products on tendon fibroblasts to further our mechanistic understanding of the development and progression of diabetic tendinopathy. We proposed that advanced glycation end-products would induce limitations to mitochondrial function and proliferative capacity in tendon-derived fibroblasts, restricting their ability to maintain biosynthesis of tendon extracellular matrix. Using an in-vitro cell culture system, rat Achilles tendon fibroblasts were treated with glycolaldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products (0, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml) for 48 hours in normal glucose (5.5 mM) and high glucose (25 mM) conditions. We demonstrate that tendon fibroblasts treated with advanced glycation end-products display reduced ATP production, electron transport efficiency, and proliferative capacity. These impairments were coupled with alterations in mitochondrial DNA content and expression of genes associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, mitochondrial energy metabolism, and apoptosis. Our findings suggest that advanced glycation end-products disrupt tendon fibroblast homeostasis and may be involved in the development and progression of diabetic tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam H Patel
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shannon K Saw
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Rachel Foguth
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jason R Cannon
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Arman Sabbaghi
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Chad C Carroll
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Wessner B, Liebensteiner M, Nachbauer W, Csapo R. Age-specific response of skeletal muscle extracellular matrix to acute resistance exercise: A pilot study. Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 19:354-364. [PMID: 30293527 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1526974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an essential role in the development, growth and repair of skeletal muscles and serves to transmit contractile force. However, its regulation is poorly understood. This study investigates the age-specificity of the effects of acute resistance exercise on ECM gene expression. To this purpose, five young (YM, 23.8 ± 2.2 yrs.) and 5 elderly (EM, 66.8 ± 4.1 yrs.) men performed one session of unilateral leg press and leg extension exercises. Six hours post-exercise, biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscles of both legs. A PCR array was used to profile the expression of 84 ECM-related genes, of which 6 were validated by qPCR. The PCR array found 9 and 4 ECM-associated genes to be selectively altered (>1.5-fold change) in YM or EM only. Four further genes were upregulated in YM but downregulated in EM. Of the 6 genes validated on individual samples MMP9 expression increased in YM (9.7-fold) and decreased (0.2-fold) in EM. MMP15 was downregulated in EM only (0.6-fold). A significant correlation between leg extension 1 RM and changes in COL7A1 expression (ρ = 0.71) suggests a potential influence of fitness levels. In conclusion, acute resistance exercise affects ECM gene expression at least partly in an age-specific manner. The altered expression of genes encoding matrix metalloproteinases (MMP3, MMP9, MMP15) highlights the role of remodelling processes in the response to an acute bout of resistance exercise. Larger studies are required to verify the age-associated differences in gene expression profiles and establish their functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wessner
- a Centre for Sport Science and University Sports , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Research Platform Active Ageing , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Michael Liebensteiner
- c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Werner Nachbauer
- d Department of Sport Science , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Robert Csapo
- d Department of Sport Science , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria.,e Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism (ISAG), Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention , University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology , Hall , Austria
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D’Lugos AC, Patel SH, Ormsby JC, Curtis DP, Fry CS, Carroll CC, Dickinson JM. Prior acetaminophen consumption impacts the early adaptive cellular response of human skeletal muscle to resistance exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 124:1012-1024. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00922.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance exercise (RE) is a powerful stimulus for skeletal muscle adaptation. Previous data demonstrate that cyclooxygenase (COX)-inhibiting drugs alter the cellular mechanisms regulating the adaptive response of skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine whether prior consumption of the COX inhibitor acetaminophen (APAP) alters the immediate adaptive cellular response in human skeletal muscle after RE. In a double-blinded, randomized, crossover design, healthy young men ( n = 8, 25 ± 1 yr) performed two trials of unilateral knee extension RE (8 sets, 10 reps, 65% max strength). Subjects ingested either APAP (1,000 mg/6 h) or placebo (PLA) for 24 h before RE (final dose consumed immediately after RE). Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were collected at rest and 1 h and 3 h after exercise. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 signaling was assessed through immunoblot and immunohistochemistry, and mRNA expression of myogenic genes was examined via RT-qPCR. At 1 h p-rpS6Ser240/244 was increased in both groups but to a greater extent in PLA. At 3 h p-S6K1Thr389 was elevated only in PLA. Furthermore, localization of mTOR to the lysosome (LAMP2) in myosin heavy chain (MHC) II fibers increased 3 h after exercise only in PLA. mTOR-LAMP2 colocalization in MHC I fibers was greater in PLA vs. APAP 1 h after exercise. Myostatin mRNA expression was reduced 1 h after exercise only in PLA. MYF6 mRNA expression was increased 1 h and 3 h after exercise only in APAP. APAP consumption appears to alter the early adaptive cellular response of skeletal muscle to RE. These findings further highlight the mechanisms through which COX-inhibiting drugs impact the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to exercise. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The extent to which the cellular reaction to acetaminophen impacts the mechanisms regulating the adaptive response of human skeletal muscle to resistance exercise is not well understood. Consumption of acetaminophen before resistance exercise appears to suppress the early response of mTORC1 activity to acute resistance exercise. These data also demonstrate, for the first time, that resistance exercise elicits fiber type-specific changes in the intracellular colocalization of mTOR with the lysosome in human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. D’Lugos
- Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Exercise Science and Health Promotion, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Shivam H. Patel
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Jordan C. Ormsby
- Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Exercise Science and Health Promotion, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - Christopher S. Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Chad C. Carroll
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Jared M. Dickinson
- Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Exercise Science and Health Promotion, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
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Dickinson JM, D'Lugos AC, Naymik MA, Siniard AL, Wolfe AJ, Curtis DR, Huentelman MJ, Carroll CC. Transcriptome response of human skeletal muscle to divergent exercise stimuli. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018. [PMID: 29543133 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00014.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) elicit unique adaptations in skeletal muscle that have distinct implications for health and performance. The purpose of this study was to identify the unique transcriptome response of skeletal muscle to acute AE and RE. In a counterbalanced, crossover design, six healthy, recreationally active young men (27 ± 3 yr) completed acute AE (40 min of cycling, ∼70% maximal HR) and RE [8 sets, 10 reps, ∼65% 1-repetition maximum (1RM)], separated by ∼1 wk. Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained before and at 1 and 4 h postexercise. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing (HiSeq2500; Illumina) was performed on cDNA synthesized from skeletal muscle RNA. Sequencing data were analyzed using HTSeq, and differential gene expression was identified using DESeq2 [adjusted P value (FDR) <0.05, >1.5-fold change from preexercise]. RE resulted in a greater number of differentially expressed genes at 1 (67 vs. 48) and 4 h (523 vs. 221) compared with AE. We identified 348 genes that were differentially expressed only following RE, whereas 48 genes were differentially expressed only following AE. Gene clustering indicated that AE targeted functions related to zinc interaction, angiogenesis, and ubiquitination, whereas RE targeted functions related to transcription regulation, cytokine activity, cell adhesion, kinase activity, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. ESRRG and TNFSRF12A were identified as potential targets related to the specific response of skeletal muscle to AE and RE, respectively. These data describe the early postexercise transcriptome response of skeletal muscle to acute AE and RE and further highlight that different forms of exercise stimulate unique molecular activity in skeletal muscle. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing was used to determine the early postexercise transcriptome response of skeletal muscle to acute aerobic (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) in untrained individuals. Although a number of shared genes were stimulated following both AE and RE, several genes were uniquely responsive to each exercise mode. These findings support the need for future research focused to better identify the role of exercise mode as it relates to targeting specific cellular skeletal muscle abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared M Dickinson
- School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Arizona State University , Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Andrew C D'Lugos
- School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Arizona State University , Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Marcus A Naymik
- Translational Genomics Research Institute , Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - Amanda J Wolfe
- Translational Genomics Research Institute , Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | | | - Chad C Carroll
- Midwestern University , Glendale, Arizona.,Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana
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