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Potential contribution of early endothelial progenitor cell (eEPC)-to-macrophage switching in the development of pulmonary plexogenic lesion. Respir Res 2022; 23:290. [PMID: 36274148 PMCID: PMC9590182 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plexiform lesions, which have a dynamic appearance in structure and cellular composition, are the histological hallmark of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in humans. The pathogenesis of the lesion development remains largely unknown, although it may be related to local inflammation and dysfunction in early progenitor endothelial cells (eEPCs). We tested the hypothesis that eEPCs contribute to the development of plexiform lesions by differentiating into macrophages in the setting of chronic inflammation. Methods The eEPC markers CD133 and VEGFR-2, macrophage lineage marker mannose receptor C-type 1 (MRC1), TNFα and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in plexiform lesions in a broiler model were determined by immunohistochemistry. eEPCs derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells were exposed to TNFα, and macrophage differentiation and angiogenic capacity of the cells were evaluated by phagocytotic and Matrigel plug assays, respectively. The role of Nrf2 in eEPC-to-macrophage transition as well as in MRC1 expression was also evaluated. Intratracheal installation of TNFα was conducted to determine the effect of local inflammation on the formation of plexiform lesions. Results Cells composed of the early lesions have a typical eEPC phenotype whereas those in more mature lesions display molecular and morphological characteristics of macrophages. Increased TNFα production in plexiform lesions was observed with lesion progression. In vitro studies showed that chronic TNFα challenge directed eEPCs to macrophage differentiation accompanied by hyperactivation of Nrf2, a stress-responsive transcription factor. Nrf2 activation (Keap1 knockdown) caused a marked downregulation in CD133 but upregulation in MRC1 mRNA. Dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that Nrf2 binds to the promoter of MRC1 to trigger its expression. In good agreement with the in vitro observation, TNFα exposure induced macrophage differentiation of eEPCs in Matrigel plugs, resulting in reduced neovascularization of the plugs. Intratracheal installation of TNFα resulted in a significant increase in plexiform lesion density. Conclusions This work provides evidence suggesting that macrophage differentiation of eEPCs resulting from chronic inflammatory stimulation contributes to the development of plexiform lesions. Given the key role of Nrf2 in the phenotypic switching of eEPCs to macrophages, targeting this molecular might be beneficial for intervention of plexiform lesions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02210-7.
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Miao Z, Haider MS, Nazar M, Mansoor MK, Zhang H, Tang Z, Li Y. Potential molecular mechanism of ascites syndrome in broilers. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2022.2075299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, GD, China
| | | | - Mudassar Nazar
- Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Burewala, Burewala, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, GD, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, GD, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, GD, China
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Bahadoran S, Hassanpour H, Arab S, Abbasnia S, Kiani A. Changes in the expression of cardiac genes responsive to thyroid hormones in the chickens with cold-induced pulmonary hypertension. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101263. [PMID: 34225204 PMCID: PMC8260859 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold stress is an environmental cause of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) in broiler chickens. This factor could increase the rate of metabolic activity via thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). To evaluate the effect of these hormones on the heart, the plasma concentration of T3, T4, and the gene expression of their receptors (THRα and THRβ) and many contractile proteins (ACTC1, MHCα, MHCβ, RYR2, SERCA2, THRα, THRβ, and troponin I) were measured in the right ventricle in 2 periods of age (21 and 35 d). Plasma T3 concentration was significantly higher in the PHS group of chickens than in the control one at 21 and 35 d while plasma T4 did not change. The relative expression of MHCα, RYR2, SERCA2, and THRα genes in the right ventricle tissues was only higher in PHS group of broilers than control group at 21 d (P < 0.05) whereas the expression of ACTC1, MHCβ, and troponin I did not differ at 2 periods of age. The positive correlations between MHCα, RYR2, SERCA2, and T3, THRα were confirmed. The expression of THRβ gene was only higher in PHS group of broilers than control at 35 d (P < 0.05). The data determined that cold stress could increase thyroid hormones and the gene expression of their receptor (THRα) in the pick of chicken growth (21 d) that they themselves elevates the expression of many genes related to contractile elements (MHCα, RYR2, and SERCA2), leading to adaptive right ventricle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bahadoran
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 34141-88186 Iran
| | - H Hassanpour
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 34141-88186 Iran.
| | - S Arab
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 34141-88186 Iran
| | - S Abbasnia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 34141-88186 Iran
| | - A Kiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 34141-88186 Iran
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Dietary arginine: metabolic, environmental, immunological and physiological interrelationships. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933910000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Hassanpour H, Bahadoran S, Neidaripour F, Ehsanifar N, Tavasolifar I, Madreseh S. Brain renin-angiotensin system in broiler chickens with cold-induced pulmonary hypertension. Br Poult Sci 2019; 60:499-505. [PMID: 31213071 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1632415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
1. The relative expression of angiotensinogen (AGT), renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) was determined using quantitative real-time PCR on tissue from the brain (forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain) to investigate the effect of cold-induced pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) in broilers aged 42 days. Brain angiotensin II (Ang II) and AT1R levels were measured using enzyme immunoassay. 2. The right ventricle/total ventricles (RV/TV) ratio of the heart was increased in broilers exposed to cold stress (PHS group) at the end of the experiment. 3. ACE and renin transcripts in three parts of the brain were significantly increased in the PHS group at 42 d of age compared to controls while AGT transcript was significantly increased only in the hindbrain of PHS birds. The amount of AT1R transcript did not differ between control and PHS groups. 4. The amount of Ang II significantly decreased only in the midbrain of PHS birds compared with controls while the amounts of AT1R were not different between treatments in the three segments of the brain. 5. It was concluded that brain gene expression of AGT (in the hindbrain), renin, and ACE was upregulated in broilers with PHS whereas Ang II and AT1R levels were not changed. These results provided evidence of diminished involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of chicken pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hassanpour
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - S Bahadoran
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - F Neidaripour
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - N Ehsanifar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - I Tavasolifar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - S Madreseh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
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Lopes Junior E, Leite HP, Konstantyner T. Selenium and selenoproteins: from endothelial cytoprotection to clinical outcomes. Transl Res 2019; 208:85-104. [PMID: 30738860 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of the vascular endothelium in inflammation was demonstrated experimentally through biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and cytoprotection. Selenium is a trace element essential for cell protection against oxidative lesions triggered by reactive oxygen species or inflammatory responses. Preclinical studies have demonstrated a relationship between adhesion molecules as biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and selenoproteins as biomarkers of selenium status under conditions that mimic different diseases. Most studies in humans indicate an association between selenium deficiency and increased risk of morbidity and mortality, yet the pathophysiology of selenium in endothelial activation remains unknown. Here, we summarize selenium-dependent endothelial function evaluation techniques and focus on the role of selenium in endothelial cytoprotection according to current scientific knowledge. Most studies on the role of selenium in endothelial processes show selenium-dependent endothelial functions and explain how cells and tissues adapt to inflammatory insults. Taken together, these studies show an increase in adhesion molecules and a decrease in the expression of selenoproteins following a decreased exposure to selenium. Few clinical trials have enough methodological quality to be included in meta-analysis on the benefits of selenium supplementation. Furthermore, the methodology adopted in many studies does not consider the relevant findings on the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction. Preclinical studies should be more frequently integrated into clinical studies to provide clearer views on the role of selenium status in endothelial cytoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Lopes Junior
- Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heitor Pons Leite
- Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tulio Konstantyner
- Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hassanpour H, Aghajani Z, Bahadoran S, Farhadi N, Nazari H, Kaewduangta W. Identification of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in ovary and uterus of laying hens under heat stress. Stress 2019; 22:387-394. [PMID: 30806126 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1574294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The main stage in real-time quantitative PCR is a quantification of gene transcriptomes, in which suitable use of reliable reference genes is critical to normalize accurately. To determine the most stable reference genes in laying hens under heat stress, from a panel of nine typical candidate reference genes, the mRNA transcript of ACTB, HMBS, HPRT1, RPL13, RPL32, 18SrRNA, TBP, TFRC, and YWHAZ was evaluated in the ovary and uterus of both control and heat-stress groups of laying hens. Forty 23-week-old White Leghorn laying hens were housed in two rooms. The control (n = 20) and heat-stress (n = 20) groups were maintained at 21-23 °C and 36-38 °C for 8 weeks respectively. Analysis of this set of genes was done with BestKeeper, geNorm, and NormFinder software programs to find the most stable ones. Candidate reference genes ranked in the uterus of heat-stress and control groups of hens included YWHAZ, HPRT1, HMBS, RPL13, TFRC, ACTB, TBP, RPL32, and 18SrRNA; those in the ovary were YWHAZ, HPRT1, TFRC, HMBS, RPL13, TBP, RPL32, ACTB, and 18SrRNA. The overall results indicated that the most stable genes are YWHAZ, HPRT1, HMBS, RPL13, TFRC, TBP, ACTB, RPL32, and 18SrRNA respectively. In addition, the combination of YWHAZ, HPRT1, and HMBS is suggested as the most stable reference group of genes for more accurate quantitative data normalization in the ovarian and uterine tissues of laying hens under control and heat stress conditions. Lay summary Heat stress influences the expression of many genes in the reproductive tissues of birds. Accurate evaluation of these changes via real-time quantitative PCR depends on the determination of reliable reference genes. In this study, nine candidate housekeeping genes were evaluated, and the most stable were YWHAZ, HPRT1, HMBS, RPL13, TFRC, TBP, ACTB, RPL32, and 18SrRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hassanpour
- a Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
- b Research Institute of Animal Embryo Technology , Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - Zahra Aghajani
- a Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - Shahab Bahadoran
- c Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - Navid Farhadi
- a Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - Hasan Nazari
- b Research Institute of Animal Embryo Technology , Shahrekord University , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - Waranyoo Kaewduangta
- d Department of Agricultural Technology Faculty of Technology , Mahasarakham University , Mahasarakham , Thailand
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Hassanpour H, Bahadoran S, Farhadfar F, Chamali ZF, Nazari H, Kaewduangta W. Identification of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in lung and heart of pulmonary hypertensive chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:4048-4056. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Shao FJ, Ying YT, Tan X, Zhang QY, Liao WT. Metabonomics Profiling Reveals Biochemical Pathways Associated with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Broiler Chickens. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:3445-3453. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jin Shao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tian Ying
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xun Tan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Liao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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Dey S, Parveen A, Tarrant KJ, Licknack T, Kong BC, Anthony NB, Rhoads DD. Whole genome resequencing identifies the CPQ gene as a determinant of ascites syndrome in broilers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189544. [PMID: 29293530 PMCID: PMC5749702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ascites syndrome is the most severe manifestation of pulmonary hypertension in fast-growing broilers. The disease can be attributed to increased body weights of birds, where the higher metabolic load is not matched by sufficient oxygen supply to the cells and tissues. Although there are environmental components, the disease exhibits moderate to high heritability. The current study uses high throughput whole genome resequencing (WGR) to identify genes and chromosomal regions associated with ascites. RESULTS The WGR data identified the CPQ gene on chromosome 2. The association was confirmed by genotyping a large collection of DNAs from phenotyped birds from three distinct broiler lines using SNPs in intron 6 and exon 8 of the CPQ gene. By combining the genotype data for these two SNP loci, we identified three different alleles segregating in the three broiler lines. Particular genotypes could be associated with resistance to ascites. We further determined that particular genotypes most associated with resistance overexpress CPQ mRNA in three tissues which might explain the role of these alleles in contributing to resistance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate CPQ is an important determinant of pulmonary hypertension syndrome leading to ascites in broilers. We identified particular SNPs that can be used for marker-assisted selection of broilers for resistance to the disease. Our findings validate WGR as a highly efficient approach to map determinants contributing to complex phenotypic or disease-related traits. The CPQ gene has been associated with pulmonary hypertension in genome-wide association studies in humans. Therefore, ascites investigations in broilers are likely to provide insights into some forms of hypertension in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatovisha Dey
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DDR); (SD)
| | - Alia Parveen
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Katy J. Tarrant
- Department of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Education, California State University, Fresno, California, United States of America
| | - Timothy Licknack
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Byungwhi C. Kong
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Nicholas B. Anthony
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Douglas D. Rhoads
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DDR); (SD)
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Dey S, Krishna S, Anthony NB, Rhoads DD. Further investigation of a quantitative trait locus for ascites on chromosome 9 in broiler chicken lines. Poult Sci 2017; 96:788-797. [PMID: 28339549 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported a genome wide association study (GWAS) that had shown association of a region between 11.8 and 13.6 Mbp on chromosome 9 with ascites phenotype in broilers. We had used microsatellite loci to demonstrate an association of particular genotypes for this region with ascites in experimental ascites lines and commercial broiler breeder lines. We identified two potential candidate genes, AGTR1 and UTS2D, within that chromosomal region for mediating the quantitative effect. We have now extended our analysis using SNPs for these genes to assess association with resistance or susceptibility to ascites in these same broiler lines. Surprisingly, in contrast to our previous GWAS and microsatellite data for this region, we find no association of the SNP genotypes or haplotypes in the region suggesting that the two genes might have limited association with the disease phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatovisha Dey
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Sriram Krishna
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Nicholas B Anthony
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701.,Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Douglas D Rhoads
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
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Yang F, Cao H, Xiao Q, Guo X, Zhuang Y, Zhang C, Wang T, Lin H, Song Y, Hu G, Liu P. Transcriptome Analysis and Gene Identification in the Pulmonary Artery of Broilers with Ascites Syndrome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156045. [PMID: 27275925 PMCID: PMC4898705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension, also known as Ascites syndrome (AS), remains a clinically challenging disease with a large impact on both humans and broiler chickens. Pulmonary arterial remodeling presents a key step in the development of AS. The precise molecular mechanism of pulmonary artery remodeling regulating AS progression remains unclear. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We obtained pulmonary arteries from two positive AS and two normal broilers for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis and pathological observation. RNA-seq analysis revealed a total of 895 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with 437 up-regulated and 458 down-regulated genes, which were significantly enriched to 12 GO (Gene Ontology) terms and 4 KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways (Padj<0.05) regulating pulmonary artery remodeling and consequently occurrence of AS. These GO terms and pathways include ribosome, Jak-STAT and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways which regulate pulmonary artery remodeling through vascular smooth cell proliferation, inflammation and vascular smooth cell proliferation together. Some notable DEGs within these pathways included downregulation of genes like RPL 5, 7, 8, 9, 14; upregulation of genes such as IL-6, K60, STAT3, STAT5 Pim1 and SOCS3; IKKα, IkB, P38, five cytokines IL-6, IL8, IL-1β, IL-18, and MIP-1β. Six important regulators of pulmonary artery vascular remodeling and construction like CYP1B1, ALDH7A1, MYLK, CAMK4, BMP7 and INOS were upregulated in the pulmonary artery of AS broilers. The pathology results showed that the pulmonary artery had remodeled and become thicker in the disease group. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our present data suggested some specific components of the complex molecular circuitry regulating pulmonary arterial remodeling underlying AS progression in broilers. We revealed some valuable candidate genes and pathways that involved in pulmonary artery remodeling further contributing to the AS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Qingyang Xiao
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Huayuan Lin
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yalu Song
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (GH); (PL)
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, JiangXi Agriculture University, N.O. 1101, Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development District Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (GH); (PL)
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Wideman RF, Mason JG, Anthony NB, Cross D. Plexogenic arteriopathy in broiler lungs: Evaluation of line, age, and sex influences. Poult Sci 2015; 94:628-38. [PMID: 25681478 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plexiform lesions form in the terminal pulmonary arterioles of human patients suffering from prolonged pulmonary arterial hypertension. Plexiform lesions also develop in broiler lungs, but lesion incidences are not strongly correlated with sustained pulmonary hypertension as reflected by right to total ventricular weight (RVTV) ratios. The present study was conducted to assess plexiform lesion incidences in broiler lines that have been divergently selected for susceptibility or resistance to pulmonary hypertension. Broilers from susceptible (SUS) and resistant (RES) lines were reared together and only clinically healthy (nonascitic, noncyanotic) individuals were evaluated to minimize potential line differences in cardiopulmonary hemodynamics. The objective was to determine if an innate genetic predisposition for plexogenic arteriopathy would be exposed in SUS broilers when compared with RES broilers in the absence of extreme differences in cardiopulmonary hemodynamics. Broilers up to 12 wk age from the SUS and RES lines had essentially equivalent BW, indices of cardiopulmonary function (left ventricle + septum weight, total ventricle weight, and RVTV ratios), and lung volumes within a sex. Average RVTV ratios for broilers from both lines were indicative of normal pulmonary arterial pressures at all ages sampled. Nevertheless, plexiform lesions were detected in SUS and RES broiler lungs immediately posthatch and thereafter at all ages sampled. Lesion incidences were consistently low and did not differ between the lines within any of the sampling ages. This evidence demonstrates that plexiform lesions develop extremely rapidly in broiler chicks, apparently without the prerequisite for vascular stress caused by severe, prolonged pulmonary arterial hypertension. No innate genetic predisposition for complex vascular lesion development appeared to exist in the SUS line when compared with the RES line.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Wideman
- University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - J G Mason
- University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - N B Anthony
- University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - D Cross
- University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701
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Oral administration of D-aspartate, but not L-aspartate, depresses rectal temperature and alters plasma metabolites in chicks. Life Sci 2014; 109:65-71. [PMID: 24881518 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS L-Aspartate (L-Asp) and D-aspartate (D-Asp) are physiologically important amino acids in mammals and birds. However, the functions of these amino acids have not yet been fully understood. In this study, we therefore examined the effects of L-Asp and D-Asp in terms of regulating body temperature, plasma metabolites and catecholamines in chicks. MAIN METHODS Chicks were first orally administered with different doses (0, 3.75, 7.5 and 15 mmol/kg body weight) of L- or D-Asp to monitor the effects of these amino acids on rectal temperature during 120 min of the experimental period. KEY FINDINGS Oral administration of D-Asp, but not of L-Asp, linearly decreased the rectal temperature in chicks. Importantly, orally administered D-Asp led to a significant reduction in body temperature in chicks even under high ambient temperature (HT) conditions. However, centrally administered D-Asp did not significantly influence the body temperature in chicks. As for plasma metabolites and catecholamines, orally administered D-Asp led to decreased triacylglycerol and uric acid concentrations and increased glucose and chlorine concentrations but did not alter plasma catecholamines. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that oral administration of D-Asp may play a potent role in reducing body temperature under both normal and HT conditions. The alteration of plasma metabolites further indicates that D-Asp may contribute to the regulation of metabolic activity in chicks.
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Krishnamoorthy S, Smith CD, Al-Rubaye AA, Erf GF, Wideman RF, Anthony NB, Rhoads DD. A quantitative trait locus for ascites on chromosome 9 in broiler chicken lines. Poult Sci 2014; 93:307-17. [PMID: 24570451 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A genome-wide SNP survey was used to identify chromosomal regions that showed linkage disequilibrium with respect to ascites susceptibility and ventricular hypertrophy in an F2 cross between previously described ascites-resistant and -susceptible lines. Variable number tandem repeats were used to obtain genotype data to further characterize these regions. A region on chromosome 9 (12 to 13 Mbp in 2011 assembly) shows association with ascites in the ascites lines and in several commercial broiler breeder lines with a significant sex effect. There are 2 candidate genes, AGTR1 (an angiotensin II type 1 receptor) and UTS2D (urotensin 2 domain containing), in this region that have been associated with hypertension and hypoxic response in mammals.
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Over, and underexpression of endothelin 1 and TGF-beta family ligands and receptors in lung tissue of broilers with pulmonary hypertension. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:190382. [PMID: 24286074 PMCID: PMC3826341 DOI: 10.1155/2013/190382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF β ) is a family of genes that play a key role in mediating tissue remodeling in various forms of acute and chronic lung disease. In order to assess their role on pulmonary hypertension in broilers, we determined mRNA expression of genes of the TGF β family and endothelin 1 in lung samples from 4-week-old chickens raised either under normal or cold temperature conditions. Both in control and cold-treated groups of broilers, endothelin 1 mRNA expression levels in lungs from ascitic chickens were higher than levels from healthy birds (P < 0.05), whereas levels in animals with cardiac failure were intermediate. Conversely, TGF β 2 and TGF β 3 gene expression in lungs were higher in healthy animals than in ascitic animals in both groups (P < 0.05). TGF β 1, T β RI, and T β RII mRNA gene expression among healthy, ascitic, and chickens with cardiac failure showed no differences (P > 0.05). BAMBI mRNA gene expression was lowest in birds with ascites only in the control group as compared with the values from healthy birds (P < 0.05).
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Gao J, Zhao L, Shahzad M, Zhang D, Liu G, Hou B, Li J. Expression of endothelin-1 and its receptors in the lungs of broiler chickens exposed to high-altitude hypoxia. Avian Pathol 2013; 42:416-9. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2013.821568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Li Y, Zeng JY, Tang ZX, Li YG, Guo JY, Pan JQ. 5-Hydroxytryptamine levels in the pulmonary arterioles of broilers with induced pulmonary hypertension and its relationship to pulmonary vascular remodelling. Avian Pathol 2013; 42:335-41. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2013.804903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Wideman RF, Rhoads DD, Erf GF, Anthony NB. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (ascites syndrome) in broilers: a review. Poult Sci 2013; 92:64-83. [PMID: 23243232 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) syndrome in broilers (also known as ascites syndrome and pulmonary hypertension syndrome) can be attributed to imbalances between cardiac output and the anatomical capacity of the pulmonary vasculature to accommodate ever-increasing rates of blood flow, as well as to an inappropriately elevated tone (degree of constriction) maintained by the pulmonary arterioles. Comparisons of PAH-susceptible and PAH-resistant broilers do not consistently reveal differences in cardiac output, but PAH-susceptible broilers consistently have higher pulmonary arterial pressures and pulmonary vascular resistances compared with PAH-resistant broilers. Efforts clarify the causes of excessive pulmonary vascular resistance have focused on evaluating the roles of chemical mediators of vasoconstriction and vasodilation, as well as on pathological (structural) changes occurring within the pulmonary arterioles (e.g., vascular remodeling and pathology) during the pathogenesis of PAH. The objectives of this review are to (1) summarize the pathophysiological progression initiated by the onset of pulmonary hypertension and culminating in terminal ascites; (2) review recent information regarding the factors contributing to excessively elevated resistance to blood flow through the lungs; (3) assess the role of the immune system during the pathogenesis of PAH; and (4) present new insights into the genetic basis of PAH. The cumulative evidence attributes the elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in PAH-susceptible broilers to an anatomically inadequate pulmonary vascular capacity, to excessive vascular tone reflecting the dominance of pulmonary vasoconstrictors over vasodilators, and to vascular pathology elicited by excessive hemodynamic stress. Emerging evidence also demonstrates that the pathogenesis of PAH includes characteristics of an inflammatory/autoimmune disease involving multifactorial genetic, environmental, and immune system components. Pulmonary arterial hypertension susceptibility appears to be multigenic and may be manifested in aberrant stress sensitivity, function, and regulation of pulmonary vascular tissue components, as well as aberrant activities of innate and adaptive immune system components. Major genetic influences and high heritabilities for PAH susceptibility have been demonstrated by numerous investigators. Selection pressures rigorously focused to challenge the pulmonary vascular capacity readily expose the genetic basis for spontaneous PAH in broilers. Chromosomal mapping continues to identify regions associated with ascites susceptibility, and candidate genes have been identified. Ongoing immunological and genomic investigations are likely to continue generating important new knowledge regarding the fundamental biological bases for the PAH/ascites syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Wideman
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, FAyetteville 72701, USA.
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20
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Analysis of Liver Transcriptome in Broilers with Ascites and Regulation by L-Carnitine. J Poult Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0120124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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21
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Changes of hepatic biochemical parameters and proteomics in broilers with cold-induced ascites. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2012; 3:41. [PMID: 23232037 PMCID: PMC3542246 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-3-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascites syndrome is still a problem for chicken industry in various parts of the world. Despite the intensive investigations of this syndrome for many years, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the difference in hepatic proteomics between ascites and healthy broilers by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Changes of biochemical parameters of liver and blood were also determined. The results indicated that red blood cell counts (RBC), hematocrit (HCT) and haemoglobin (HGB) of ascites broilers were significantly greater than healthy broilers. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level of ascites broilers was significantly increased, and the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) was significantly decreased. Hepatic lactic acid (LD) level of ascitic broilers were significantly lower than healthy ones. Serum glucose and cholesterol level of ascites broilers were significantly increased, and serum globulin level was significantly decreased in ascites broilers. There was no significant difference in triglyceride (TG) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. The activity of liver hexokinase (HK) and succinodehydrogenase (SDH) in ascites broilers was significantly decreased, and there was no significant difference in the activity of liver pyruvate kinase (PK) and Na+-K+-ATPase. The hepatic proteomics analysis showed that 18 proteins expression difference were identified between ascites and healthy broilers. These proteins were mainly involved in: 1) cytoskeleton; 2) glucose, lipids and amino acid metabolism; 3) cell secretion; 4) cell apoptosis; 5) signal transduction; 6) immune and inflammatory response; and 7) cellular redox homeostasis. Mitochondrial isoform phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (M-PEPCK) mainly participates in gluconeogenesis of chicken liver. In conclusion, liver oxidative damage was significantly aggravated, but antioxidant capacity was decreased in cold-induced ascites broilers. Serum glucose level was significantly increased, with liver M-PEPCK expression higher in ascites broilers, which implied that some potential regulatory reagents may reduce ascites susceptibility and mortality under cold temperature by increasing liver gluconeogenesis level.
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Gao J, Zhang D, Zhang K, Liu M, Han Z, Li J. Effects of selenium supplementation on expression of endothelin-1 and its receptors in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells from chick embryos. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 150:173-7. [PMID: 23065423 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplemental selenium (Se) on expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and its receptors in cultured chick embryos pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). To accomplish this, PMVECs were treated in Se-deficient or Se-supplement (12, 24, 50, 100 ng/ml) culture medium for 48 h. Low Se medium was achieved by reducing serum concentrations and the essential growth factors were added. After the incubation, the effects of supplemental Se on ET-1 and its receptors gene expression were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Compared with the control group, our results showed that among the different concentrations of Se supplement, the levels of ET-1 gene expression treated with both the moderate Se doses (24, 50 ng/ml, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, respectively) and the high doses (100 ng/ml, P < 0.05) were noticeably decreased, the low-dose group (12 ng/ml), which showed no changes. Meanwhile, Se supplement (24, 50, 100 ng/ml) was found to be effective in reducing the expression levels of ETA (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.05, respectively) in cultured PMVECs grown in low Se medium. However, there were no significant changes (P > 0.05) in ETB mRNA levels during the cell proliferation. These observations indicated that Se may play both direct and indirect role in the regulation of ET-1 and its receptors gene expression and their production in avian PMVECs. Se supplement decreases in ET-1 and ETA production in Se-deficient PMVECs may partly explain the mechanism of the protective effects of the Se on the cardiovascular system.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Avian Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Avian Proteins/genetics
- Avian Proteins/metabolism
- Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control
- Cell Survival
- Cells, Cultured
- Chick Embryo
- Down-Regulation
- Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists
- Endothelin-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Endothelin-1/genetics
- Endothelin-1/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/embryology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Lung/cytology
- Lung/embryology
- Lung/metabolism
- Microvessels/cytology
- Microvessels/embryology
- Microvessels/metabolism
- Osmolar Concentration
- Protective Agents/metabolism
- Protective Agents/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Endothelin A/genetics
- Receptor, Endothelin A/metabolism
- Receptor, Endothelin B/genetics
- Receptor, Endothelin B/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
- Selenium/deficiency
- Selenium/metabolism
- Selenium/therapeutic use
- Sodium Selenite/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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Pan C, Wang J, Liu W, Liu L, Jing L, Yang Y, Qiu H. Low tidal volume protects pulmonary vasomotor function from "second-hit" injury in acute lung injury rats. Respir Res 2012; 13:77. [PMID: 22954351 PMCID: PMC3511221 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-13-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis could induce indirect acute lung injury(ALI), and pulmonary vasomotor dysfunction. While low tidal volume is advocated for treatment of ALI patients. However, there is no evidence for low tidal volume that it could mitigate pulmonary vasomotor dysfunction in indirect ALI. Our study is to evaluate whether low tidal volume ventilation could protect the pulmonary vascular function in indirect lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute lung injury rats. Methods An indirect ALI rat model was induced by intravenous infusion of LPS. Thirty rats (n = 6 in each group) were randomly divided into (1)Control group; (2) ALI group; (3) LV group (tidal volume of 6mL/kg); (4) MV group (tidal volume of 12mL/kg); (5)VLV group (tidal volume of 3mL/kg). Mean arterial pressure and blood gas analysis were monitored every 2 hours throughout the experiment. Lung tissues and pulmonary artery rings were immediately harvested after the rats were bled to be killed to detect the contents of endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and TNF-α. Acetylcholine (Ache)-induced endothelium-dependent and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced endothelium-independent relaxation of isolated pulmonary artery rings were measured by tensiometry. Results There was no difference within groups concerning blood pressure, PaCO2 and SNP-induced endothelium-independent relaxation of pulmonary artery rings. Compared with MV group, LV group significantly reduced LPS-induced expression of ET-1 level (113.79 ± 7.33pg/mL vs. 152.52 ± 12.75pg/mL, P < 0.05) and TNF-α (3305.09 ± 334.29pg/mL vs.4144.07 ± 608.21pg/mL, P < 0.05), increased the expression of eNOS (IOD: 15032.05 ± 5925.07 vs. 11454.32 ± 6035.47, P < 0.05). While Ache (10-7mol/L-10-4mol/L)-induced vasodilatation was ameliorated 30% more in LV group than in MV group. Conclusions Low tidal volume could protect the pulmonary vasodilative function during indirect ALI by decreasing vasoconstrictor factors, increasing expressions of vasodilator factors in pulmonary endothelial cells, and inhibiting inflammation injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Pan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Kluess HA, Stafford J, Evanson KW, Stone AJ, Worley J, Wideman RF. Intrapulmonary arteries respond to serotonin and adenosine triphosphate in broiler chickens susceptible to idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Poult Sci 2012; 91:1432-40. [PMID: 22582304 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined factors contributing to increased vascular resistance and plexiform lesion formation in broiler chickens susceptible to idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). A diet supplemented with excess tryptophan (high-Trp diet), the precursor for serotonin, was used to accelerate the development of IPAH. Broilers fed the high-Trp diet had higher pulmonary arterial pressures than broilers fed the control diet, and plexiform lesion incidences tended to be higher (P = 0.11) in the high-Trp group than in the control group at 30 d of age. The intrapulmonary arteries were assessed for vasoconstriction in response to serotonin and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and for activities of key metabolic enzymes for serotonin and ATP. The pulmonary artery (defined as the first major branch of the pulmonary artery inside the lung) and the primary pulmonary arterial rami (defined as the second major branch of the pulmonary artery inside the lung) both exhibited vasoconstriction in response to serotonin and ATP. This is the first study to demonstrate purinergic-mediated vasoconstriction in intrapulmonary arteries from broilers. Arteriole responsiveness did not differ between broilers fed the control diet or the high-Trp diet. Therefore, the high-Trp diet enhanced the development of IPAH but did not affect the artery's sensitivity to serotonin or ATP. Monoamine oxidase activity, responsible for the breakdown of serotonin, was severely impaired in pulmonary arteries from broilers in the high-Trp group. Accordingly, serotonin may persist longer and elicit an amplified response in broilers fed the high-Trp diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Kluess
- Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
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Matsumoto F, Watanabe Y, Obi T, Islam MZ, Yamazaki-Himeno E, Shiraishi M, Miyamoto A. Characterization of 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contraction and acetylcholine-induced relaxation in isolated chicken basilar artery. Poult Sci 2012; 91:1158-64. [PMID: 22499874 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to clarify the responsiveness of the chicken basilar artery to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and acetylcholine (ACh) and to characterize the related receptor subtypes in vitro. Basilar arteries were obtained from freshly slaughtered broiler chickens. The 5-HT induced concentration-dependent contraction of the arteries. The concentration-response curves for 5-HT were shifted 30-fold to the right by methiothepin (a 5-HT(1) and 5-HT(2) receptor antagonist) and 3-fold to the right by ketanserin (a 5-HT(2) receptor antagonist). In the presence of ketanserin, the concentration-response curve for 5-HT was shifted 10-fold to the right by methiothepin. The pA(2) value for methiothepin was 8.26. The ACh induced concentration-dependent relaxation under conditions of precontraction by 5-HT. The concentration-response curve for ACh was shifted to the right by atropine [a nonselective muscarinic (M) receptor antagonist] and hexahydro-sila-difenidol hydrochloride, a p-fluoroanalog (pFHHSiD, an M(3) receptor antagonist), but not by pirenzepine (an M(1) receptor antagonist) or methoctramine (an M(2) receptor antagonist). The pA(2) value for pFHHSiD was 7.55. Nω-Nitro-l-arginine (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) inhibited ACh-induced relaxation by approximately 50%. These results suggest that 5-HT induces contraction via activation of 5-HT(1) and 5-HT(2) receptors and that ACh induces relaxation via activation of the M(3) receptor. The 5-HT(1) receptor might play a dominant role in 5-HT-induced contraction. One of the factors involved in ACh-induced relaxation is probably nitric oxide released from endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Matsumoto
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Tan X, Chai J, Bi SC, Li JJ, Li WW, Zhou JY. Involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in medial hypertrophy of pulmonary arterioles in broiler chickens with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Vet J 2012; 193:420-5. [PMID: 22377328 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Medial hypertrophy of pulmonary arterioles during pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in humans is associated with enhanced proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Elevated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 has been found in pulmonary artery SMCs (PA-SMCs) in humans with idiopathic PAH, leading to the hypothesis that MMP-2 contributes to the proliferation and migration of vascular SMCs in the pathogenesis of PAH. Rapidly growing meat-type (broiler) chickens provide a model of spontaneous PAH. The present study was conducted to determine whether MMP-2 is involved in the medial hypertrophy of pulmonary arterioles in this model. Cultured PA-SMCs from normal birds were used to evaluate the effect of MMPs on cell proliferation. Gelatin zymography showed that endothelin (ET)-1-induced proliferation of PA-SMCs was concomitant with increased pro- and active MMP-2 production. Reverse transcription PCR demonstrated upregulation of MMP-2 mRNA. However, PA-SMC proliferation was inhibited by the MMP inhibitors doxycycline and cis-9-octadecenoyl-N-hydroxylamide. In vivo experiments revealed a significant increase of MMP-2 expression in hypertrophied pulmonary arterioles of PAH broiler chickens, which was positively correlated with wall thickness and medial hypertrophy. MMP-2 may contribute to medial hypertrophy in pulmonary arterioles during PAH in broiler chickens by enhancing the proliferation of vascular SMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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27
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Re-evaluation of Arginine Requirements for Broilers Exposed to Hypobaric Condition during the 3-to 6-week Period. J Poult Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0110133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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28
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Hassanpour H, Momtaz H, Shahgholian L, Bagheri R, Sarfaraz S, Heydaripoor B. Gene expression of endothelin-1 and its receptors in the heart of broiler chickens with T3-induced pulmonary hypertension. Res Vet Sci 2011; 91:370-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wideman RF, Hamal KR. Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: an avian model for plexogenic arteriopathy and serotonergic vasoconstriction. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2011; 63:283-95. [PMID: 21277983 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a disease of unknown cause that is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance attributable to vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling of small pulmonary arteries. Vascular remodeling includes hypertrophy and hyperplasia of smooth muscle (medial hypertrophy) accompanied in up to 80% of the cases by the formation of occlusive plexiform lesions (plexogenic arteriopathy). Patients tend to be unresponsive to vasodilator therapy and have a poor prognosis for survival when plexogenic arteriopathy progressively obstructs their pulmonary arteries. Research is needed to understand and treat plexogenic arteriopathy, but advances have been hindered by the absence of spontaneously developing lesions in existing laboratory animal models. Young domestic fowl bred for meat production (broiler chickens, broilers) spontaneously develop IPAH accompanied by semi-occlusive endothelial proliferation that progresses into fully developed plexiform lesions. Plexiform lesions develop in both female and male broilers, and lesion incidences (lung sections with lesions/lung sections examined) averaged approximately 40% in 8 to 52 week old birds. Plexiform lesions formed distal to branch points in muscular interparabronchial pulmonary arteries, and were associated with perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a potent vasoconstrictor and mitogen known to stimulate vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Serotonin has been directly linked to the pathogenesis of IPAH in humans, including IPAH linked to serotonergic anorexigens that trigger the formation of plexiform lesions indistinguishable from those observed in primary IPAH triggered by other causes. Serotonin also plays a major role in the susceptibility of broilers to IPAH. This avian model of spontaneous IPAH constitutes a new animal model for biomedical research focused on the pathogenesis of IPAH and plexogenic arteriopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Wideman
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
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