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Hassan NF, El-Ansary MR, Selim HMRM, Ousman MS, Khattab MS, El-Ansary MRM, Gad ES, Moursi SMM, Gohar A, Gowifel AMH. Alirocumab boosts antioxidant status and halts inflammation in rat model of sepsis-induced nephrotoxicity via modulation of Nrf2/HO-1, PCSK9/HMGB1/NF-ᴋB/NLRP3 and Fractalkine/CX3CR1 hubs. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116929. [PMID: 38889644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a devastating consequence of sepsis, accompanied by high mortality rates. It was suggested that inflammatory pathways are closely linked to the pathogenesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI. Inflammatory signaling, including PCSK9, HMGB1/RAGE/TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB, NLRP3/caspase-1 and Fractalkine/CX3CR1 are considered major forerunners in this link. Alirocumab, PCSK9 inhibitor, with remarkable anti-inflammatory features. Accordingly, this study aimed to elucidate the antibacterial effect of alirocumab against E. coli in vitro. Additionally, evaluation of the potential nephroprotective effects of alirocumab against LPS-induced AKI in rats, highlighting the potential underlying mechanisms involved in these beneficial actions. Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were assorted into three groups (n=12). Group I; was a normal control group, whereas sepsis-mediated AKI was induced in groups II and III through single-dose intraperitoneal injection of LPS on day 16. In group III, animals were given alirocumab. The results revealed that LPS-induced AKI was mitigated by alirocumab, evidenced by amelioration in renal function tests (creatinine, cystatin C, KIM-1, and NGAL); oxidative stress biomarkers (Nrf2, HO-1, TAC, and MDA); apoptotic markers and renal histopathological findings. Besides, alirocumab pronouncedly hindered LPS-mediated inflammatory response, confirmed by diminishing HMGB1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and caspase-1 contents; the gene expression of PCSK9, RAGE, NF-ᴋB and Fractalkine/CX3CR1, along with mRNA expression of TLR4, MYD88, and NLRP3. Regarding the antibacterial actions, results showed that alirocumab displayed potential anti-bacterial activity against pathogenic gram-negative E. coli. In conclusion, alirocumab elicited nephroprotective activities against LPS-induced AKI via modulation of Nrf2/HO-1, PCSK9, HMGB1/RAGE/TLR4/MYD88/NF-ᴋB/NLRP3/Caspase-1, Fractalkine/CX3R1 and apoptotic axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha F Hassan
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt.
| | - Mona R El-Ansary
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt.
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh, 11597, Saudi Arabia; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt.
| | - Mona S Ousman
- Emergency Medical Services, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Marwa S Khattab
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 1211, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud R M El-Ansary
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza 12566, Egypt.
| | - Enas S Gad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Suzan M M Moursi
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa Gohar
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, sixth of October city, Giza, Egypt; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, 43713, Egypt.
| | - Ayah M H Gowifel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt.
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Li RY, Guo L. Exercise in Diabetic Nephropathy: Protective Effects and Molecular Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3605. [PMID: 38612417 PMCID: PMC11012151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes, and its progression is influenced by factors like oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, and fibrosis. Compared to drug treatment, exercise offers a cost-effective and low-risk approach to slowing down DN progression. Through multiple ways and mechanisms, exercise helps to control blood sugar and blood pressure and reduce serum creatinine and albuminuria, thereby alleviating kidney damage. This review explores the beneficial effects of exercise on DN improvement and highlights its potential mechanisms for ameliorating DN. In-depth understanding of the role and mechanism of exercise in improving DN would pave the way for formulating safe and effective exercise programs for the treatment and prevention of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Ying Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Sports and Public Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liang Guo
- School of Exercise and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Sports and Public Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
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Lechuga S, Marino-Melendez A, Naydenov NG, Zafar A, Braga-Neto MB, Ivanov AI. Regulation of Epithelial and Endothelial Barriers by Molecular Chaperones. Cells 2024; 13:370. [PMID: 38474334 PMCID: PMC10931179 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The integrity and permeability of epithelial and endothelial barriers depend on the formation of tight junctions, adherens junctions, and a junction-associated cytoskeleton. The establishment of this junction-cytoskeletal module relies on the correct folding and oligomerization of its protein components. Molecular chaperones are known regulators of protein folding and complex formation in different cellular compartments. Mammalian cells possess an elaborate chaperone network consisting of several hundred chaperones and co-chaperones. Only a small part of this network has been linked, however, to the regulation of intercellular adhesions, and the systematic analysis of chaperone functions at epithelial and endothelial barriers is lacking. This review describes the functions and mechanisms of the chaperone-assisted regulation of intercellular junctions. The major focus of this review is on heat shock protein chaperones, their co-chaperones, and chaperonins since these molecules are the focus of the majority of the articles published on the chaperone-mediated control of tissue barriers. This review discusses the roles of chaperones in the regulation of the steady-state integrity of epithelial and vascular barriers as well as the disruption of these barriers by pathogenic factors and extracellular stressors. Since cytoskeletal coupling is essential for junctional integrity and remodeling, chaperone-assisted assembly of the actomyosin cytoskeleton is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Lechuga
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.L.); (A.M.-M.); (N.G.N.); (A.Z.); (M.B.B.-N.)
| | - Armando Marino-Melendez
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.L.); (A.M.-M.); (N.G.N.); (A.Z.); (M.B.B.-N.)
| | - Nayden G. Naydenov
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.L.); (A.M.-M.); (N.G.N.); (A.Z.); (M.B.B.-N.)
| | - Atif Zafar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.L.); (A.M.-M.); (N.G.N.); (A.Z.); (M.B.B.-N.)
| | - Manuel B. Braga-Neto
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.L.); (A.M.-M.); (N.G.N.); (A.Z.); (M.B.B.-N.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Andrei I. Ivanov
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (S.L.); (A.M.-M.); (N.G.N.); (A.Z.); (M.B.B.-N.)
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Kim SW, Lee JY, Lee HC, Ahn JB, Kim JH, Park IS, Cheon JH, Kim DH. Downregulation of Heat Shock Protein 72 Contributes to Fibrostenosis in Crohn's Disease. Gut Liver 2023; 17:905-915. [PMID: 36814356 PMCID: PMC10651382 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Crohn's disease (CD) with recurrent inflammation can cause intestinal fibrostenosis due to dysregulated deposition of extracellular matrix. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of fibrostenosis. Here, we performed a differential proteomic analysis between normal, inflamed, and fibrostenotic specimens of patients with CD and investigated the roles of the candidate proteins in myofibroblast activation and fibrosis. Methods We performed two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and identified candidate proteins using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and orbitrap liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We also verified the levels of candidate proteins in clinical specimens and examined their effects on 18Co myofibroblasts and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Results We identified five of 30 proteins (HSP72, HSPA5, KRT8, PEPCK-M, and FABP6) differentially expressed in fibrostenotic CD. Among these proteins, the knockdown of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) promoted the activation and wound healing of myofibroblasts. Moreover, knockdown of HSP72 induced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of intestinal epithelial cells by reducing E-cadherin and inducing fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin, which contribute to fibrosis. Conclusions HSP72 is an important mediator that regulates myofibroblasts and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in fibrosis of CD, suggesting that HSP72 can serve as a target for antifibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Cheol Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Bum Ahn
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk Hwan Kim
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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5
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Sha G, Jiang Z, Zhang W, Jiang C, Wang D, Tang D. The multifunction of HSP70 in cancer: Guardian or traitor to the survival of tumor cells and the next potential therapeutic target. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110492. [PMID: 37390645 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a highly conserved protein composed of nucleotide-binding domains (NBD) and C-terminal substrate binding domain (SBD) that can function as a "molecular chaperone". HSP70 was discovered to directly or indirectly play a regulatory role in both internal and external apoptosis pathways. Studies have shown that HSP70 can not only promote tumor progression, enhance tumor cell resistance and inhibit anticancer effects but also induce an anticancer response by activating immune cells. In addition, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy for cancer may be affected by HSP70, which has shown promising potential as an anticancer drug. In this review, we summarized the molecular structure and mechanism of HSP70 and discussed the dual effects of HSP70 on tumor cells and the possibility and potential methods of using HSP70 as a target to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyu Sha
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Zhengting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Chuwen Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225000, China.
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Zhou R, Jin C, Jiao L, Zhang S, Tian M, Liu J, Yang S, Yao W, Zhou F. Geranylgeranylacetone, an inducer of heat shock protein 70, attenuates pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting NF-κB/NOX4/ROS signalling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110603. [PMID: 37307957 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating and progressive pulmonary disease which is characterized by epithelial cell damage and extracellular collagen deposition. To date, the therapeutic options for IPF are still very limited, so the relevant mechanisms need to be explored. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), which has protective versus antitumor effects on cells under stress, is a member of the heat shock protein family. In the current study, qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and migration assays were used to explore the Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, the role of GGA in the process of pulmonary fibrosis was detected by HE, Masson staining, pulmonary function test and immunohistochemistry in C57BL/6 mice. Our results indicated that GGA, as an inducer of HSP70, enhanced the transformation of BEAS-2B cells from epithelial to mesenchymal cells through the NF-κB/NOX4/ROS (reactive oxygen species) signalling pathway and could significantly reduce apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells induced by TGF-β1(Transforming growth factor β1) in vitro. In vivo studies demonstrated that HSP70-inducing drugs, such as GGA, attenuated pulmonary fibrosis progression induced by bleomycin (BLM). Collectively, these results suggested that overexpression of HSP70 attenuated pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM in C57BL/6 mice and EMT process induced by TGF-β1 through NF-κB/NOX4/ROS pathway in vitro. Thus, HSP70 might be a potential therapeutic strategy for human lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
| | - Chaomei Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
| | - Linlin Jiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
| | - Jiamin Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
| | - Songtai Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China.
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Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Saleh LA, Alamri MMS, Alfaifi J, Adam MIE, Farrag AA, AlQahtani AAJ, BinAfif WF, Hashish AA, Abdel-Ghany S, Elmorsy EA, El-wakeel HS, Doghish AS, Hamad RS, Saber S. Alvespimycin Exhibits Potential Anti-TGF-β Signaling in the Setting of a Proteasome Activator in Rats with Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Promising Novel Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1123. [PMID: 37631038 PMCID: PMC10458542 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible and life-threatening lung disease of unknown etiology presenting only a few treatment options. TGF-β signaling orchestrates a cascade of events driving pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Notably, recent research has affirmed the augmentation of TGF-β receptor (TβR) signaling via HSP90 activation. HSP90, a molecular chaperone, adeptly stabilizes and folds TβRs, thus intricately regulating TGF-β1 signaling. Our investigation illuminated the impact of alvespimycin, an HSP90 inhibitor, on TGF-β-mediated transcriptional responses by inducing destabilization of TβRs. This outcome stems from the explicit interaction of TβR subtypes I and II with HSP90, where they are clients of this cellular chaperone. It is worth noting that regulation of proteasome-dependent degradation of TβRs is a critical standpoint in the termination of TGF-β signal transduction. Oleuropein, the principal bioactive compound found in Olea europaea, is acknowledged for its role as a proteasome activator. In this study, our aim was to explore the efficacy of a combined therapy involving oleuropein and alvespimycin for the treatment of PF. We employed a PF rat model that was induced by intratracheal bleomycin infusion. The application of this dual therapy yielded a noteworthy impediment to the undesired activation of TGF-β/mothers against decapentaplegic homologs 2 and 3 (SMAD2/3) signaling. Consequently, this novel combination showcased improvements in both lung tissue structure and function while also effectively restraining key fibrosis markers such as PDGF-BB, TIMP-1, ACTA2, col1a1, and hydroxyproline. On a mechanistic level, our findings unveiled that the antifibrotic impact of this combination therapy likely stemmed from the enhanced degradation of both TβRI and TβRII. In conclusion, the utilization of proteasomal activators in conjunction with HSP90 inhibitors ushers in a promising frontier for the management of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A. Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Lobna A. Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Masoud I. E. Adam
- Department of Medical Education and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Alshaimaa A. Farrag
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - AbdulElah Al Jarallah AlQahtani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Waad Fuad BinAfif
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah A. Hashish
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Sameh Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (S.A.-G.); (E.A.E.)
| | - Elsayed A. Elmorsy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (S.A.-G.); (E.A.E.)
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Qassim College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend S. El-wakeel
- Physiology Department, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
- Physiology Department, Albaha Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Al Baha 65799, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo 11829, Egypt;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Rabab S. Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
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McElhinney K, Irnaten M, O’Brien C. p53 and Myofibroblast Apoptosis in Organ Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076737. [PMID: 37047710 PMCID: PMC10095465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ fibrosis represents a dysregulated, maladaptive wound repair response that results in progressive disruption of normal tissue architecture leading to detrimental deterioration in physiological function, and significant morbidity/mortality. Fibrosis is thought to contribute to nearly 50% of all deaths in the Western world with current treatment modalities effective in slowing disease progression but not effective in restoring organ function or reversing fibrotic changes. When physiological wound repair is complete, myofibroblasts are programmed to undergo cell death and self-clearance, however, in fibrosis there is a characteristic absence of myofibroblast apoptosis. It has been shown that in fibrosis, myofibroblasts adopt an apoptotic-resistant, highly proliferative phenotype leading to persistent myofibroblast activation and perpetuation of the fibrotic disease process. Recently, this pathological adaptation has been linked to dysregulated expression of tumour suppressor gene p53. In this review, we discuss p53 dysregulation and apoptotic failure in myofibroblasts and demonstrate its consistent link to fibrotic disease development in all types of organ fibrosis. An enhanced understanding of the role of p53 dysregulation and myofibroblast apoptosis may aid in future novel therapeutic and/or diagnostic strategies in organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kealan McElhinney
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mustapha Irnaten
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colm O’Brien
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
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Oral hydrogel microspheres were used for highly specific delivery of Steamed Codonopsis lanceolata to exert the protective effects on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
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10
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Lim S, Kang H, Kwon B, Lee JP, Lee J, Choi K. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism for screening nephrotoxic chemicals and related mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113842. [PMID: 35810668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of essential role in homeostasis of the body fluid and excretion of wastes, kidney damage can lead to severe impacts on health and survival of humans. For most chemicals, nephrotoxic potentials and associated mechanisms are unclear. Hence, fast and sensitive screening measures for nephrotoxic chemicals are required. In this study, the utility of zebrafish (Danio rerio) was evaluated for the investigation of chemical-induced kidney toxicity and associated modes of toxicity, based on the literature review. Zebrafish has a well-understood biology, and many overlapping physiological characteristics with mammals. One such characteristic is its kidneys, of which histology and functions are similar to those of mammals, although unique differences of zebrafish kidneys, such as kidney marrow, should be noted. Moreover, the zebrafish kidney is simpler in structure and easy to observe. For these advantages, zebrafish has been increasingly used as an experimental model for screening nephrotoxicity of chemicals and for understanding related mechanisms. Multiple endpoints of zebrafish model, from functional level, i.e., glomerular filtration, to transcriptional changes of key genes, have been assessed to identify chemical-induced kidney toxicities, and to elucidate underlying mechanisms. The most frequently studied mechanisms of chemical-induced nephrotoxicity in zebrafish include oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, apoptosis, fibrosis, and cell death. To date, several pharmaceuticals, oxidizing agents, natural products, biocides, alcohols, and consumer chemicals have been demonstrated to exert different types of kidney toxicities in zebrafish. The present review shows that zebrafish model can be efficiently employed for quick and reliable assessment of kidney damage potentials of chemicals, and related toxic mechanisms. The toxicological information obtained from this model can be utilized for identification of nephrotoxic chemicals and hence for protection of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Lim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Habyeong Kang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Bareum Kwon
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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11
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Xie ZY, Dong W, Zhang L, Wang MJ, Xiao ZM, Zhang YH, Shi WX, Huang Y, Yang Y, Li CL, Fu L, Zhao XC, Li RZ, Li ZL, Chen YH, Ye ZM, Liu SX, Dong Z, Liang XL. NFAT inhibitor 11R-VIVIT ameliorates mouse renal fibrosis after ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2081-2093. [PMID: 34937917 PMCID: PMC9343462 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) with maladaptive tubular repair leads to renal fibrosis and progresses to chronic kidney disease (CKD). At present, there is no curative drug to interrupt AKI-to-CKD progression. The nuclear factor of the activated T cell (NFAT) family was initially identified as a transcription factor expressed in most immune cells and involved in the transcription of cytokine genes and other genes critical for the immune response. NFAT2 is also expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and podocytes and plays an important regulatory role in the kidney. In this study, we investigated the renoprotective effect of 11R-VIVIT, a peptide inhibitor of NFAT, on renal fibrosis in the AKI-to-CKD transition and the underlying mechanisms. We first examined human renal biopsy tissues and found that the expression of NFAT2 was significantly increased in RTECs in patients with severe renal fibrosis. We then established a mouse model of AKI-to-CKD transition using bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (Bi-IRI). The mice were treated with 11R-VIVIT (5 mg/kg, i.p.) on Days 1, 3, 10, 17 and 24 after Bi-IRI. We showed that the expression of NFAT2 was markedly increased in RTECs in the AKI-to-CKD transition. 11R-VIVIT administration significantly inhibited the nuclear translocation of NFAT2 in RTECs, decreased the levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and attenuated renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis but had no toxic side effects on the heart and liver. In addition, we showed that 11R-VIVIT administration alleviated RTEC apoptosis after Bi-IRI. Consistently, preapplication of 11R-VIVIT (100 nM) and transfection with NFAT2-targeted siRNA markedly suppressed TGFβ-induced HK-2 cell apoptosis in vitro. In conclusion, 11R-VIVIT administration inhibits IRI-induced NFAT2 activation and prevents AKI-to-CKD progression. Inhibiting NFAT2 may be a promising new therapeutic strategy for preventing renal fibrosis after IR-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-yong Xie
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China ,grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Wei Dong
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Li Zhang
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Meng-jie Wang
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Zhen-meng Xiao
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yu-hua Zhang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China ,grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Wan-xin Shi
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China ,grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Ying Huang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China ,grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Yan Yang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China ,grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Cui-li Li
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Lei Fu
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Xing-chen Zhao
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Rui-zhao Li
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Zhi-lian Li
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Yuan-han Chen
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Zhi-ming Ye
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Shuang-xin Liu
- grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Zheng Dong
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA USA ,grid.413830.d0000 0004 0419 3970Department of Medical Research, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA USA
| | - Xin-ling Liang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China ,grid.410643.4Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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12
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Porter AW, Nguyen DN, Clayton DR, Ruiz WG, Mutchler SM, Ray EC, Marciszyn AL, Nkashama LJ, Subramanya AR, Gingras S, Kleyman TR, Apodaca G, Hendershot LM, Brodsky JL, Buck TM. The molecular chaperone GRP170 protects against ER stress and acute kidney injury in mice. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e151869. [PMID: 35104250 PMCID: PMC8983141 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are responsible for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and one such chaperone, GRP170, is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident that oversees both protein biogenesis and quality control. We previously discovered that GRP170 regulates the degradation and assembly of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), which reabsorbs sodium in the distal nephron and thereby regulates salt-water homeostasis and blood pressure. To define the role of GRP170 - and, more generally, molecular chaperones in kidney physiology - we developed an inducible, nephron-specific GRP170-KO mouse. Here, we show that GRP170 deficiency causes a dramatic phenotype: profound hypovolemia, hyperaldosteronemia, and dysregulation of ion homeostasis, all of which are associated with the loss of ENaC. Additionally, the GRP170-KO mouse exhibits hallmarks of acute kidney injury (AKI). We further demonstrate that the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated in the GRP170-deficient mouse. Notably, the UPR is also activated in AKI when originating from various other etiologies, including ischemia, sepsis, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and transplant rejection. Our work establishes the central role of GRP170 in kidney homeostasis and directly links molecular chaperone function to kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan W. Porter
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology Division
| | | | | | - Wily G. Ruiz
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division
| | | | - Evan C. Ray
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas R. Kleyman
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division
- Department of Cell Biology, and
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Linda M. Hendershot
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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13
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Li A, Cunanan J, Khalili H, Plageman T, Ask K, Khan A, Hunjan A, Drysdale T, Bridgewater D. Shroom3, a Gene Associated with CKD, Modulates Epithelial Recovery after AKI. KIDNEY360 2021; 3:51-62. [PMID: 35368578 PMCID: PMC8967620 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0003802021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Ischemia-induced AKI resulting in tubular damage can often progress to CKD and is a common cause of nephrology consultation. After renal tubular epithelial damage, molecular and cellular mechanisms are activated to repair and regenerate the damaged epithelium. If these mechanisms are impaired, AKI can progress to CKD. Even in patients whose kidney function returns to normal baseline are more likely to develop CKD. Genome-wide association studies have provided robust evidence that genetic variants in Shroom3, which encodes an actin-associated protein, are associated with CKD and poor outcomes in transplanted kidneys. Here, we sought to further understand the associations of Shroom3 in CKD. Methods Kidney ischemia was induced in wild-type (WT) and Shroom3 heterozygous null mice (Shroom3Gt/+ ) and the mechanisms of cellular recovery and repair were examined. Results A 28-minute bilateral ischemia in Shroom3Gt/+ mice resulted in 100% mortality within 24 hours. After 22-minute ischemic injury, Shroom3Gt/+ mice had a 16% increased mortality, worsened kidney function, and significantly worse histopathology, apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis after injury. The cortical tubular damage in Shroom3Gt/+ was associated with disrupted epithelial redifferentiation, disrupted Rho-kinase/myosin signaling, and disorganized apical F-actin. Analysis of MDCK cells showed the levels of Shroom3 are directly correlated to apical organization of actin and actomyosin regulators. Conclusion These findings establish that Shroom3 is required for epithelial repair and redifferentiation through the organization of actomyosin regulators, and could explain why genetic variants in Shroom3 are associated with CKD and allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Li
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Joanna Cunanan
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Hadiseh Khalili
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Kjetil Ask
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ahsan Khan
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ashmeet Hunjan
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Thomas Drysdale
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Darren Bridgewater
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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14
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Yuruk Yildirim ZN, Usta Akgul S, Alpay H, Aksu B, Savran Oguz F, Kiyak A, Akinci N, Yavuz S, Ozcelik G, Gedikbasi A, Gokce I, Ozkayin N, Yildiz N, Pehlivanoglu C, Goknar N, Saygili S, Tulpar S, Kucuk N, Bilge I, Tasdemir M, Agbas A, Dirican A, Emre S, Nayir A, Yilmaz A. PROGRESS STUDY: Progression of chronic kidney disease in children and heat shock proteins. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:973-987. [PMID: 34671941 PMCID: PMC8578260 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various molecular and cellular processes are involved in renal fibrosis, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial cell injury, and apoptosis. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are implicated in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our aim was to evaluate changes in urine and serum HSP levels over time and their relationships with the clinical parameters of CKD in children. In total, 117 children with CKD and 56 healthy children were examined. The CKD group was followed up prospectively for 24 months. Serum and urine HSP27, HSP40, HSP47, HSP60, HSP70, HSP72, and HSP90 levels and serum anti-HSP60 and anti-HSP70 levels were measured by ELISA at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. The urine levels of all HSPs and the serum levels of HSP40, HSP47, HSP60, HSP70, anti-HSP60, and anti-HSP70 were higher at baseline in the CKD group than in the control group. Over the months, serum HSP47 and HSP60 levels steadily decreased, whereas HSP90 and anti-HSP60 levels steadily increased. Urine HSP levels were elevated in children with CKD; however, with the exception of HSP90, they decreased over time. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that CKD progression is a complicated process that involves HSPs, but they do not predict CKD progression. The protective role of HSPs against CKD may weaken over time, and HSP90 may have a detrimental effect on the disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebahat Usta Akgul
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Harika Alpay
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bagdagul Aksu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Child Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Savran Oguz
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysel Kiyak
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurver Akinci
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Yavuz
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gul Ozcelik
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Gedikbasi
- Institute of Child Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Pediatric Nutrition and Metabolism, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Gokce
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nese Ozkayin
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Yildiz
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cemile Pehlivanoglu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilufer Goknar
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Bagcilar Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seha Saygili
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sebahat Tulpar
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Bakirkoy Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuran Kucuk
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kartal Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilmay Bilge
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tasdemir
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Agbas
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Haseki Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Dirican
- Department of Biostatistics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34390 Capa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevinc Emre
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Nayir
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alev Yilmaz
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Huang W, Ge X. The role of heat shock proteins in the regulation of fibrotic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 135:111067. [PMID: 33383375 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are key players to restore cell homeostasis and act as chaperones by assisting the folding and assembly of newly synthesized proteins and preventing protein aggregation. Recently, evidence has been accumulating that HSPs have been proven to have other functions except for the classical molecular chaperoning in that they play an important role in a wider range of fibrotic diseases via modulating cytokine induction and inflammation response, including lung fibrosis, liver fibrosis, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The recruitment of inflammatory cells, a large number of secretion of pro-fibrotic cytokines such as transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and increased apoptosis, oxidative stress, and proteasomal system degradation are all events occurring during fibrogenesis, which might be associated with HSPs. However, their role on fibrotic process is not yet fully understood. In this review, we discuss new discoveries regarding the involvement of HSPs in the regulation of organ and tissue fibrosis, and note recent findings suggesting that HSPs may be a promising therapeutic target for improving the current frustrating outcome of fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226019, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Wenmin Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Xiaoqun Ge
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
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16
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Lawson JS, Syme HM, Wheeler-Jones CPD, Elliott J. Investigation of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 signalling pathway as a possible link between hyperphosphataemia and renal fibrosis in feline chronic kidney disease. Vet J 2020; 267:105582. [PMID: 33375963 PMCID: PMC7814380 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with development of hyperphosphataemia. Severity of renal fibrosis has been correlated with degree of hyperphosphataemia. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a major pro-fibrotic mediator in CKD. A phosphate restricted diet did not affect urinary active TGF-β1 excretion in cats. Increased extracellular phosphate had no pro-fibrotic effect on feline renal cells.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in geriatric cats, and is characterised in the majority of cases by tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Hyperphosphataemia is a frequent complication of CKD and is independently associated with severity of renal fibrosis and disease progression. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) signalling is thought to be a convergent pathway which mediates the progression of renal fibrosis in CKD. The aims of this study were to explore the interaction between increased extracellular phosphate and the TGF-β1 signalling pathway by investigating: (a) the effect of a commercially available, phosphate-restricted, diet on urinary TGF-β1 excretion in cats with CKD; and (b) the role of increased extracellular phosphate in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of genes related to TGF-β1 signalling and extracellular matrix (ECM) production in feline proximal tubular epithelial cells (FPTEC) and cortical fibroblasts from cats with azotaemic CKD (CKD-FCF). The dietary intervention study revealed no effect of dietary phosphate restriction on urinary active TGF-β1 excretion after 4–8 weeks (P = 0.98), despite significantly decreasing serum phosphate (P < 0.001). There was no effect of increased growth media phosphate concentration (from 0.95 mM to 2 mM and 3.5 mM) on proliferation (P = 0.99) and apoptotic activity in FPTEC (P = 0.22), or expression of genes related to ECM production and the TGF-β1 signalling pathway in FPTEC and CKD-FCF (P > 0.05). These findings suggest the beneficial effects of dietary phosphate restriction on progression of feline CKD may not occur through modulation of renal TGF-β1 production, and do not support a direct pro-fibrotic effect of increased extracellular phosphate on feline renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lawson
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, UK.
| | - H M Syme
- Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, UK
| | - C P D Wheeler-Jones
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, UK
| | - J Elliott
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, UK
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17
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Guo Y, Wang L, Gou R, Tang L, Liu P. Noncoding RNAs in peritoneal fibrosis: Background, Mechanism, and Therapeutic Approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110385. [PMID: 32768932 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is the main reason for patients to withdraw from peritoneal dialysis, while the mechanism underlying PF remains unclear. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the regulatory roles of different classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in PF. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which belong to a distinct class of ncRNAs, play crucial roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Studies have suggested that miRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of PF and have the potential to be used as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for PF in the future. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have raised much attention in the recent years, which are involved in the pathophysiological processes of many diseases, including tumors, heart diseases and so on. Recently, some researchers have begun to notice the roles of lncRNAs in PF, and found that lncRNAs play certain roles in the pathogenesis of PF. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proven to be participated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including tumor metastasis, organ fibrosis and so on. However, studies on the correlation of circRNAs and PF are rather poor compared with miRNAs and lncRNAs. In this review, we will focus on the findings of ncRNAs in peritoneal dialysis therapy and discuss the rising interests in ncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic targets of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Guo
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Liuwei Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Rong Gou
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
| | - Peipei Liu
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
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18
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Pan Z, Wu Q, Xie Z, Wu Q, Tan X, Wang X. Upregulation of HSP72 attenuates tendon adhesion by regulating fibroblast proliferation and collagen production via blockade of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2020; 71:109606. [PMID: 32199935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation of fibroblasts creates an environment favoring post-operative tendon adhesion, but targeted therapy of this pathology remains in its infancy. In this study, we explored the effect of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72), a major inducible member of the heat shock protein family that can protect cells against many cellular stresses including heat shock, on fibroblast proliferation in tendon adhesion, with its underlying mechanisms investigated. HSP72 expression was examined in an established rat model of tendon injury using RT-qPCR and immunoblot analysis. After conducting ectopic expression and depletion experiments in fibroblast NIH3T3 cells, we determined the effects of HSP72 on the expression of α-SMA and STAT3 signaling pathway-related genes, fibroblast proliferation, as well as collagen production. The mRNA (65.46%) and protein (63.65%) expression of HSP72 was downregulated in the rat model of tendon injury. The in vitro experiments revealed that overexpression of HSP72 inhibited fibroblast proliferation (42.57%) and collagen production (45.60%), as well as reducing α-SMA expression (42.49%) and the extent of STAT3 phosphorylation (55.46%). Moreover, we observed that HSP72 overexpression reduced inflammation as well as the number of inflammatory cell infiltration and fibroblasts in vivo. Furthermore, the inhibited extent of STAT3 phosphorylation contributed to the impaired fibroblast proliferation and collagen production evoked by upregulated HSP72. In summary, the present study unveils an inhibitory role of HSP72 in tendon adhesion via inactivation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. This finding may enable the development of new therapeutic strategies for the prevention against tendon adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Pan
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Qinfen Wu
- Department of Surgery, the Hospital of Hubei Provincial Government, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Zhe Xie
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Xinti Tan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
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19
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Albakova Z, Armeev GA, Kanevskiy LM, Kovalenko EI, Sapozhnikov AM. HSP70 Multi-Functionality in Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030587. [PMID: 32121660 PMCID: PMC7140411 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The 70-kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70s) are abundantly present in cancer, providing malignant cells selective advantage by suppressing multiple apoptotic pathways, regulating necrosis, bypassing cellular senescence program, interfering with tumor immunity, promoting angiogenesis and supporting metastasis. This direct involvement of HSP70 in most of the cancer hallmarks explains the phenomenon of cancer "addiction" to HSP70, tightly linking tumor survival and growth to the HSP70 expression. HSP70 operates in different states through its catalytic cycle, suggesting that it can multi-function in malignant cells in any of these states. Clinically, tumor cells intensively release HSP70 in extracellular microenvironment, resulting in diverse outcomes for patient survival. Given its clinical significance, small molecule inhibitors were developed to target different sites of the HSP70 machinery. Furthermore, several HSP70-based immunotherapy approaches were assessed in clinical trials. This review will explore different roles of HSP70 on cancer progression and emphasize the importance of understanding the flexibility of HSP70 nature for future development of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarema Albakova
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (G.A.A.); (A.M.S.)
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.K.); (E.I.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Grigoriy A. Armeev
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (G.A.A.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Leonid M. Kanevskiy
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.K.); (E.I.K.)
| | - Elena I. Kovalenko
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.K.); (E.I.K.)
| | - Alexander M. Sapozhnikov
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (G.A.A.); (A.M.S.)
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.K.); (E.I.K.)
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20
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van Marion DMS, Dorsch L, Hoogstra-Berends F, Kakuchaya T, Bockeria L, de Groot NMS, Brundel BJJM. Oral geranylgeranylacetone treatment increases heat shock protein expression in human atrial tissue. Heart Rhythm 2019; 17:115-122. [PMID: 31302249 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are important chaperones that regulate the maintenance of healthy protein quality control in the cell. Impairment of HSPs is associated with aging-related neurodegenerative and cardiac diseases. Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) is a compound well known to increase HSPs through activation of heat shock factor-1 (HSF1). GGA increases HSPs in various tissues, but whether GGA can increase HSP expression in human heart tissue is unknown. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to test whether oral GGA treatment increases HSP expression in the atrial appendages of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS HSPB1, HSPA1, HSPD1, HSPA5, HSF1, and phosphorylated HSF1 levels were measured by western blot analysis in right and left atrial appendages (RAAs and LAAs, respectively) collected from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) who were treated with placebo (n = 13) or GGA 400 mg/da(n = 13) 3 days before surgery. Myofilament fractions were isolated from LAAs to determine the levels of HSPB1 and HSPA1 present in these fractions. RESULTS GGA treatment significantly increased HSPB1 and HSPA1 expression levels in RAA and LAA compared to the placebo group, whereas HSF1, phosphorylated HSF1, HSPD1, and HSPA5 were unchanged. In addition, GGA treatment significantly enhanced HSPB1 levels at the myofilaments compared to placebo. CONCLUSION Three days of GGA treatment is associated with higher HSPB1 and HSPA1 expression levels in RAA and LAA of patients undergoing CABG surgery and higher HSPB1 levels at the myofilaments. These findings pave the way to study the role of GGA as a protective compound against other cardiac diseases, including postoperative atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise M S van Marion
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Larissa Dorsch
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Hoogstra-Berends
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tea Kakuchaya
- A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leo Bockeria
- A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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21
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Zakiyanov O, Kalousová M, Zima T, Tesař V. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Renal Diseases: A Critical Appraisal. Kidney Blood Press Res 2019; 44:298-330. [PMID: 31185475 DOI: 10.1159/000499876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases within the metzincin protein family that not only cleave extracellular matrix (ECM) components, but also process the non-ECM molecules, including various growth factors and their binding proteins. MMPs participate in cell to ECM interactions, and MMPs are known to be involved in cell proliferation mechanisms and most probably apoptosis. These proteinases are grouped into six classes: collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane type MMPs, and other MMPs. Various mechanisms regulate the activity of MMPs, inhibition by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases being the most important. In the kidney, intrinsic glomerular cells and tubular epithelial cells synthesize several MMPs. The measurement of circulating MMPs can provide valuable information in patients with kidney diseases. They play an important role in many renal diseases, both acute and chronic. This review attempts to summarize the current knowledge of MMPs in the kidney and discusses recent data from patient and animal studies with reference to specific diseases. A better understanding of the MMPs' role in renal remodeling may open the way to new interventions favoring deleterious renal changes in a number of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Zakiyanov
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia,
| | - Marta Kalousová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Zima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vladimír Tesař
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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22
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Chen X, Wu Y, Diao Z, Han X, Li D, Ruan X, Liu W. C1q/tumor necrosis factor‐related protein‐3 improves renal fibrosis via inhibiting notch signaling pathways. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22352-22364. [PMID: 31074042 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinpan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yiru Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Zongli Diao
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Dishan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xiongzhong Ruan
- Department of Nephrology, John Moorhead Research Laboratory, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Wenhu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China
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Chen M, Wang JM, Wang D, Wu R, Hou HW. Triptolide inhibits migration and proliferation of fibroblasts from ileocolonic anastomosis of patients with Crohn's disease via regulating the miR‑16‑1/HSP70 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4841-4851. [PMID: 30942423 PMCID: PMC6522880 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anastomotic fibrosis is highly likely to lead to reoperation in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. Triptolide (TPL) is considered to have anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects in a variety of autoimmune diseases, including CD. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of TPL on fibroblasts from strictured ileocolonic anastomosis of patients with CD and its underlying mechanism. Primary fibroblasts were obtained from strictured anastomosis tissue (SAT) samples and matched anastomosis-adjacent normal tissue (NT) samples which were collected from 10 CD patients who underwent reoperation because of anastomotic stricture. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to measure miR-16-1 and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) levels. Western blotting was conducted to determine expression of HSP70, collagen I (Col-I), collagen III (Col-III) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) proteins. Agomir-16-1 and antagomir-16-1 were used to up and downregulate the expression of miR-16-1, respectively. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was employed to inhibit the expression of HSP70. A wound healing assay was performed to measure the migration of fibroblasts. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and 5-bromo-2-deoxyrudidine assays. Cell apoptosis was determined by caspase-3 activity and TUNEL assays. The results demonstrated that the levels of Col-I, Col-III and α-SMA were all significantly upregulated in SAT compared with NT. miR-16-1 levels in the SAT group were significantly compared with the NT group; conversely, the expression levels of HSP70 mRNA and protein in the SAT group were significantly lower compared with the NT group. Next, fibroblasts were treated with TPL to examine its effect on the miR-16-1/HSP70 pathway. The results demonstrated that the elevated expression of miR-16-1 in the SAT group was effectively inhibited by TPL treatment. Compared with the NT group, both the mRNA and protein levels of HSP70 were significantly downregulated in the SAT group cells, while TPL exhibited a strong promoting effect on HSP70 synthesis. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-16-1 reversed the effect of TPL on the miR-16-1/HSP70 pathway in fibroblasts from SAT. Overexpression of miR-16-1 significantly reversed the inhibitory effects of TPL treatment on migration, proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated protein expression of fibroblasts from SAT. Finally, downregulation of miR-16-1 caused similar effects to the fibroblasts as the TPL treatment; however, the inhibitory effects on cell biological functions induced by antagomir-16-1 were all significantly reversed by HSP70 silencing. The present findings indicated that TPL may be a potential therapeutic option for postoperative anastomosis fibrosis of patients with CD. The miR-16-1/HSP70 pathway had a substantial role in the inhibitory effects of TPL on migration, proliferation and ECM synthesis rate of fibroblasts from strictured anastomosis tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Wei Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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ATG5-mediated autophagy suppresses NF-κB signaling to limit epithelial inflammatory response to kidney injury. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:253. [PMID: 30874544 PMCID: PMC6420665 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
G2/M-arrested proximal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) after renal injury are linked to increased cytokines production. ATG5-mediated autophagy in proximal TECs has recently been shown to protect against G2/M cell cycle arrest and renal fibrosis. However, the impacts of autophagy in regulating inflammatorily response mounted by injured TECs remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated whether ATG5 acts as an innate immune suppressor in proximal TECs during kidney injury. Using the unilateral ureteric obstruction model in proximal tubule-specific autophagy-deficient mice, we demonstrated that ablation of epithelial ATG5 genes markedly impaired autophagy, resulting in enhanced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation, macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration, and proinflammatory cytokines production in obstructed kidneys, as compared with wild-type mice. Following stimulation with angiotensin II (Ang II), siRNA silencing of ATG5 in cultured HK-2 cells or ATG5-deficient primary proximal TECs produced more cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α than did their control cells. Overexpressed ATG5, but not the autophagy-incompetent ATG5 mutant K130R in HK-2 cells, rendered resistant to Ang II-induced inflammatory response. Immunofluorescence assay indicated that ATG5 and p65 colocalized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and their interaction was verified in immunoprecipitation assay from HEK-293T cell extracts. Genetic downregulation of endogenous ATG5 increased Ang II-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 and transcriptional activity of NF-κB, whereas the overexpressed ATG5, rather than ATG5 mutant K130R, hampered activation of NF-κB signaling, suggest an autophagy-dependent anti-inflammatory effect of ATG5. Further, pharmacological manipulation of autophagy yielded similar results both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, JSH-23, a specific inhibitor of NF-κB nuclear translocation, rescued Ang II-driven IL-1β production in ATG5 siRNA-treated cells and decreased the proportion of cells in G2/M phase. In conclusion, ATG5-mediated autophagy in tubules targets NF-κB signaling to protect against renal inflammation.
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25
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Yang C, Guo Y, Huang TS, Zhao J, Huang XJ, Tang HX, An N, Pan Q, Xu YZ, Liu HF. Asiatic acid protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1354-1362. [PMID: 30257350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a well-known chemotherapeutic drug applied for the treatment of numerous human cancers. However, the use of cisplatin in clinic is limited by certain serious side effects, such as nephrotoxicity. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective therapeutic approach to prevent cisplatin-induced AKI. Increasing evidence suggests that apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells and renal inflammation mainly determine the progression and outcome of cisplatin-induced AKI. Asiatic acid (AA) has been reported have the functions of anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis, etc. But the effects of AA on kidney injury induced by cisplatin are still not known. The current study aimed to determine the potential renoprotective effects of AA on kidney injury induced by cisplatin. Twenty-four C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal control (CON), cisplatin-induced AKI (CIS), AKI with 50 mg/kg AA pretreatment (CIS + AA50), and AKI with 100 mg/kg AA pretreatment (CIS + AA100). Mice were anesthetized and sacrificed at 72 h after the cisplatin injection. Blood and kidney samples were collected for analyses. Compared with CON mice, cisplatin-treated mice exhibited severe tubular necrosis and elevated serum creatinine level. However, AA pretreatment (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg) markedly suppressed the elevated serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and histological changes. Moreover, AA pretreatment notably downregulated tubular expression of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and the number of apoptotic cells, and upregulated the expression of the apoptosis inhibitor survivin and promoted tubular proliferation as evidenced by an increase in the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells. In addition, AA suppressed the enhanced mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1 and caspase-1 in the kidneys. Furthermore, AA pretreatment inhibited NF-κB activation and the inflammatory response, which may result from Smad7 up-regulation. In conclusion, AA protects against cisplatin-induced AKI via anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Tong-Sheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Xi-Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Hao-Xuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Ning An
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China.
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26
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Han WQ, Xu L, Tang XF, Chen WD, Wu YJ, Gao PJ. Membrane rafts-redox signalling pathway contributes to renal fibrosis via modulation of the renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Physiol 2018; 596:3603-3616. [PMID: 29863758 DOI: 10.1113/jp275952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Membrane rafts (MRs)-redox signalling pathway is activated in response to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) stimulation in renal tubular cells. This pathway contributes to TGF-1β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal tubular cells. The the MRs-redox signalling pathway is activated in renal tubular cells isolated from angiotensin II (AngII)-induced hypertensive rats. Inhibition of this pathway attenuated renal inflammation and fibrosis in AngII-induced hypertension. ABSTRACT The membrane rafts (MRs)-redox pathway is characterized by NADPH oxidase subunit clustering and activation through lysosome fusion, V-type proton ATPase subunit E2 (encoded by the Atp6v1e2 gene) translocation and sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1, encoded by the SMPD1 gene) activation. In the present study, we hypothesized that the MRs-redox-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in renal inflammation and fibrosis by promoting renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Results show that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) acutely induced MR formation and ROS production in NRK-52E cells, a rat renal tubular cell line. In addition, transfection of Atp6v1e2 small hairpin RNAs (shRNA) and SMPD1 shRNA attenuated TGF-β1-induced changes in EMT markers, including E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibroblast-specific protein-1 (FSP-1) in NRK-52E cells. Moreover, Erk1/2 activation may be a downstream regulator of the MRs-redox-derived ROS, because both shRNAs significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced Erk1/2 phosphorylation. Further in vivo study shows that the renal tubular the MRs-redox signalling pathway was activated in angiotensin II (AngII)-induced hypertension, as indicated by the increased NADPH oxidase subunit Nox4 fraction in the MR domain, SMPD1 activation and increased ROS content in isolated renal tubular cells. Finally, renal transfection of Atp6v1e2 shRNA and SMPD1 shRNA significantly prevented renal fibrosis and inflammation, as indicated by the decrease of α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in kidneys from AngII-infused rats. It was concluded that the the MRs-redox signalling pathway is involved in TGF-β1-induced renal tubular EMT and renal inflammation/fibrosis in AngII-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qing Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Dong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Jie Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
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Observations of the Effects of Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker on Angiotensin II-Induced Morphological and Mechanical Changes in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Using Atomic Force Microscopy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9208795. [PMID: 29888284 PMCID: PMC5985133 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9208795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays a profibrotic role in the kidneys. Although many pathways of Ang II have been discovered, the morphological and mechanical aspects have not been well investigated. We observed the changes in tubular epithelial cells (TECs) after Ang II treatment with or without Ang II receptor blockers (ARBs) using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Methods TECs were stimulated with Ang II with or without telmisartan, PD123319, and blebbistatin. AFM was performed to measure the cellular stiffness, cell volume, and cell surface roughness. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers were determined via immunocytochemistry. Results After Ang II stimulation, cells transformed to a flattened and elongated mesenchymal morphology. Cell surface roughness and volume significantly increased in Ang II treated TECs. Ang II also induced an increase in phospho-myosin light chain and F-actin and a decrease in E-cadherin. Ang II coincubation with either telmisartan or blebbistatin attenuated these Ang II-induced changes. Conclusion We report, for the first time, the use of AFM in directly observing the changes in TECs after Ang II treatment with or without ARBs. Simultaneously, we successfully measured the selective effect of PD123319 or blebbistatin. AFM could be a noninvasive evaluating strategy for cellular processes in TECs.
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Senoo T, Sasaki R, Akazawa Y, Ichikawa T, Miuma S, Miyaaki H, Taura N, Nakao K. Geranylgeranylacetone attenuates fibrogenic activity and induces apoptosis in cultured human hepatic stellate cells and reduces liver fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:34. [PMID: 29486718 PMCID: PMC5830074 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), an anti-ulcer drug widely used in Japan, has attracted interest because of its various therapeutic effects. Therefore, we investigated the effects of GGA on human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro and in a mouse model of liver fibrosis. Methods LX2, an immortalized human HSC line, was cultured and treated with GGA at concentrations up to 0.5 mM. After GGA treatment, changes in cellular morphology, apoptosis, and fibrosis-related gene expression were assessed. Male C57BL/6 J mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis was treated with GGA. Liver fibrosis was evaluated using Sirius red staining and immunohistochemistry for α-smooth muscle actin (SMA). Results GGA decreased the density of LX2 and primary human hepatic stellate cells but not that of HepG2 cells (a human hepatoma cell line), which was employed as control. In addition, GGA decreased the expression of fibrogenic genes and increased that of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). It also induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and increased apoptosis. CHOP knockdown, however, failed to suppress the GGA-induced decrease in LX2 cell density, suggesting the involvement of additional molecules in ER stress–associated apoptosis. Expression of death receptor 5, mitogen-activated protein kinase, heat shock protein 70, and Akt, all of which affect the activity of stellate cells, was unchanged in relation to LX2 cell fibrogenic activity. In the mouse model of liver fibrosis, GGA decreased the extent of Sirius red staining and SMA expression. Conclusions GGA attenuated fibrogenic activity and induced apoptosis in cultured human HSCs, and suppressed liver fibrosis in mice, suggesting its potential as an agent for treating liver fibrosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12876-018-0761-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takemasa Senoo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.
| | - Ryu Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yuko Akazawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Ichikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Nagasaki Harbor Medical Center, 6-39 Shinchi, Nagasaki, 850-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miuma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Miyaaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Naota Taura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
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Alhomrani M, Correia J, Zavou M, Leaw B, Kuk N, Xu R, Saad MI, Hodge A, Greening DW, Lim R, Sievert W. The Human Amnion Epithelial Cell Secretome Decreases Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice with Chronic Liver Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:748. [PMID: 29114223 PMCID: PMC5660722 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the primary collagen-secreting cells in the liver. While HSCs are the major cell type involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, hepatic macrophages also play an important role in mediating fibrogenesis and fibrosis resolution. Previously, we observed a reduction in HSC activation, proliferation, and collagen synthesis following exposure to human amnion epithelial cells (hAEC) and hAEC-conditioned media (hAEC-CM). This suggested that specific factors secreted by hAEC might be effective in ameliorating liver fibrosis. hAEC-derived extracellular vesicles (hAEC-EVs), which are nanosized (40–100 nm) membrane bound vesicles, may act as novel cell–cell communicators. Accordingly, we evaluated the efficacy of hAEC-EV in modulating liver fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic liver fibrosis and in human HSC. Methods: The hAEC-EVs were isolated and characterized. C57BL/6 mice with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis were administered hAEC-EV, hAEC-CM, or hAEC-EV depleted medium (hAEC-EVDM). LX2 cells, a human HSC line, and bone marrow-derived mouse macrophages were exposed to hAEC-EV, hAEC-CM, and hAEC-EVDM. Mass spectrometry was used to examine the proteome profile of each preparation. Results: The extent of liver fibrosis and number of activated HSCs were reduced significantly in CCl4-treated mice given hAEC-EVs, hAEC-CM, and hAEC EVDM compared to untreated controls. Hepatic macrophages were significantly decreased in all treatment groups, where a predominant M2 phenotype was observed. Human HSCs cultured with hAEC-EV and hAEC-CM displayed a significant reduction in collagen synthesis and hAEC-EV, hAEC-CM, and hAEC-EVDM altered macrophage polarization in bone marrow-derived mouse macrophages. Proteome analysis showed that 164 proteins were unique to hAEC-EV in comparison to hAEC-CM and hAEC-EVDM, and 51 proteins were co-identified components with the hAEC-EV fraction. Conclusion: This study provides novel data showing that hAEC-derived EVs significantly reduced liver fibrosis and macrophage infiltration to an extent similar to hAEC-EVDM and hAEC-CM. hAEC-EV-based therapy may be a potential therapeutic option for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Alhomrani
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Medical College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeanne Correia
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcus Zavou
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Bryan Leaw
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nathan Kuk
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohamed I Saad
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander Hodge
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - William Sievert
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Geranylgeranylacetone Ameliorates Intestinal Radiation Toxicity by Preventing Endothelial Cell Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102103. [PMID: 28991157 PMCID: PMC5666785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal toxicity is common among cancer patients after radiotherapy. Endothelial cell dysfunction is believed to be a critical contributor to radiation tissue injury in the intestine. Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) has been used to treat peptic ulcers and gastritis. However, the protective capacity of GGA against radiation-induced intestinal injury has not been addressed. Therefore, we investigated whether GGA affects intestinal damage in mice and vascular endothelial cell damage in vitro. GGA treatment significantly ameliorated intestinal injury, as evident by intestinal crypt survival, villi length and the subsequently prolonged survival time of irradiated mice. In addition, intestinal microvessels were also significantly preserved in GGA-treated mice. To clarify the effect of GGA on endothelial cell survival, we examined endothelial function by evaluating cell proliferation, tube formation, wound healing, invasion and migration in the presence or absence of GGA after irradiation. Our findings showed that GGA plays a role in maintaining vascular cell function; however, it does not protect against radiation-induced vascular cell death. GGA promoted endothelial function during radiation injury by preventing the loss of VEGF/VEGFR1/eNOS signaling and by down-regulating TNFα expression in endothelial cells. This finding indicates the potential impact of GGA as a therapeutic agent in mitigating radiation-induced intestinal damage.
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Zhou X, Bai C, Sun X, Gong X, Yang Y, Chen C, Shan G, Yao Q. Puerarin attenuates renal fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress induced-epithelial cell apoptosis via MAPK signal pathways in vivo and in vitro. Ren Fail 2017; 39:423-431. [PMID: 28335679 PMCID: PMC6014507 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2017.1305409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Puerarin (PR) is an isoflavonoid isolated from the root of the plant Pueraria lobata and has been widely used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Oxidative stress and epithelial cell apoptosis play important roles in the renal fibrotic process. The present study aimed to determine whether or not PR inhibits renal fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress induced-epithelial cell apoptosis. In vivo, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induced renal fibrosis, and epithelial cell apoptosis. A total of 24 mice were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: sham, UUO alone, UUO +50 mg/kg PR, and UUO +100 mg/kg PR. In vitro, 200 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced epithelial cell apoptosis. The experiments were dived into four groups: control, H2O2 alone, H2O2+50 μM PR, and H2O2+100 μM PR. Tubular injury was measured in the renal cortex of the mice through periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) was measured through Sirius red (SR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and Western blot. Renal epithelial cell apoptosis was measured through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP Nick-End labeling (TUNEL), flow cytometry (FCM), and Hoechst assays. The protein expression of NOX4, caspase3, ERK, P38, and JNK was assessed through Western blot. PAS staining showed that PR decreased renal tubular injury in UUO mice. SR and IHC staining demonstrated that PR decreased the accumulation of ECM. PR treatment significantly inhibited epithelial cell apoptosis according to the results of TUNEL, FCM, Hoechst, and Western blot. Furthermore, NOX4 increased in UUO mice and decreased with PR treatment. H2O2-derived oxidative stress activated epithelial apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and PR treatment significantly reversed it. These results suggest that PR treatment ameliorates renal fibrosis by inhibiting oxidative stress induced-epithelial cell apoptosis through MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Zhou
- a Department of Urology , Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Hubei , China
| | - Chen Bai
- b Department of General Surgery , Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Hubei , China
| | - Xinbo Sun
- a Department of Urology , Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Hubei , China
| | - Xiaoxin Gong
- a Department of Urology , Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Hubei , China
| | - Yong Yang
- a Department of Urology , Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Hubei , China
| | - Congbo Chen
- a Department of Urology , Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Hubei , China
| | - Guang Shan
- c Department of Urology , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Hubei , China
| | - Qisheng Yao
- a Department of Urology , Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Hubei , China
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Hou HW, Wang JM, Wang D, Wu R, Ji ZL. Triptolide exerts protective effects against fibrosis following ileocolonic anastomosis by mechanisms involving the miR-16-1/HSP70 pathway in IL-10-deficient mice. Int J Mol Med 2017. [PMID: 28627592 PMCID: PMC5505014 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgeries, particularly ileocecal resection (ICR), are often required in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). However, recurrences are common for patients who undergo ICR, and anastomotic fibrosis is the main cause of re-operation. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of triptolide (TPL) in ameliorating fibrosis following ileocolonic anastomosis. A model of IL-10−/− mice undergoing ICR was used to study post surgical inflammation and fibrosis of anastomosis. For this purpsose, interleukin (IL)-10−/− mice were randomly divided into 3 groups as follows: the control group, the saline-treated group subjected to ICR (ST-ICR) and the TPL-treated group subjected to ICR (TT-ICR). Wild-type (WT) mice of matching ages were assigned to the WT group. The effects of TPL treatment on ileocolonic anastomosis were determined by histopathological evaluation, western blot analysis and ELISA. The analysis of the effects of TPL treatment on microRNA-16-1 (miR-16-1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression was carried out by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Compared with the control group, significantly higher inflammation scores following anastomosis were observed in the ST-ICR group (P<0.05), although reversion was observed in the TT-ICR group, which was consistent with changes in the area of CD4+ cell infiltration. The elevated fibrosis scores and the overexpression of procollagen I and III in the ST-ICR group were all inhibited by TPL. With an increase in the severity of inflammation and fibrosis, the levels of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) increased; however, a significant decrease in these levels was observed following treatment with TPL (P<0.05). The results of RT-qPCR revealed that the upregulated miR-16-1 levels in the ST-ICR group were significantly reduced by TPL. HSP70, which can be inhibited by miR-16-1, ameliorates anastomotic inflammation and fibrosis. Thus, the present study demonstrates that TPL exerts a protective effect against fibrosis following anastomosis in CD. The miR-16-1/HSP70 signaling pathway, which can be regulated by TPL, may thus represent a novel therapeutic option in CD that deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Ling Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Hayek SS, Ko YA, Awad M, Ahmed H, Gray B, Hosny KM, Aida H, Tracy MJ, Wei C, Sever S, Reiser J, Quyyumi AA. Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers and suPAR in Predicting Decline in Renal Function: A Prospective Cohort Study. Kidney Int Rep 2017; 2:425-432. [PMID: 29142970 PMCID: PMC5678674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) strongly predicts outcomes and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether the association between suPAR and CKD is a reflection of its overall association with chronic inflammation and poor CVD outcomes is unclear. We examined whether CVD biomarkers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fibrin-degradation products (FDPs), heat-shock protein 70 (HSP-70), and high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI) were associated with a decline in kidney function in the Emory Cardiovascular Biobank cohort, in which suPAR levels were shown to be predictive of both incident CKD and CVD outcomes. METHODS We measured suPAR, hs-CRP, HSP-70, FDP, and hs-TnI plasma levels in 3282 adults (mean age 63 years, 64% male, 75% estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] >60 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Glomerular filtration rate was estimated using Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration (eGFR) at enrollment (n = 3282) and follow-up (n = 2672; median 3.5 years). Urine protein by dipstick at baseline was available for 1335 subjects. RESULTS There was a weak correlation among biomarkers (r range: 0.17-0.28). hs-CRP, FDPs, hs-TnI, and suPAR were independently associated with baseline eGFR and proteinuria. The median yearly decline in eGFR was -0.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2. hs-CRP (β: -0.04; P = 0.46), FDPs (β: -0.13; P = 0.08), HSP-70 (β: 0.05; P = 0.84), or hs-TnI (β: -0.01; P = 0.76) were associated with eGFR decline. suPAR remained predictive of eGFR decline even after adjusting for all biomarkers. DISCUSSION hs-CRP, FDP, HSP-70, and hs-TnI were not associated with eGFR decline. The specific association of suPAR with eGFR decline supported its involvement in pathways specific to the pathogenesis of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim S. Hayek
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mosaab Awad
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hina Ahmed
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brandon Gray
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Hiroshi Aida
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Melissa J. Tracy
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Changli Wei
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sanja Sever
- Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Arshed A. Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Chebotareva N, Bobkova I, Shilov E. Heat shock proteins and kidney disease: perspectives of HSP therapy. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:319-343. [PMID: 28409327 PMCID: PMC5425374 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) mediate a diverse range of cellular functions, prominently including folding and regulatory processes of cellular repair. A major property of these remarkable proteins, dependent on intracellular or extracellular location, is their capacity for immunoregulation that optimizes immune activity while avoiding hyperactivated inflammation. In this review, recent investigations are described, which examine roles of HSPs in protection of kidney tissue from various traumatic influences and demonstrate their potential for clinical management of nephritic disease. The HSP70 class is particularly attractive in this respect due to its multiple protective effects. The review also summarizes current understanding of HSP bioactivity in the pathophysiology of various kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, chronic glomerulonephritis, and lupus nephritis-along with other promising strategies for their remediation, such as DNA vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Chebotareva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., Moscow, Russia, 119992.
| | - Irina Bobkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., Moscow, Russia, 119992
| | - Evgeniy Shilov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., Moscow, Russia, 119992
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Sreedharan R, Van Why SK. Heat shock proteins in the kidney. Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:1561-70. [PMID: 26913726 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3297-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are essential to cell survival through their function as protein chaperones. The role they play in kidney health and disease is varied. Hsp induction may be either beneficial or detrimental to the kidney, depending on the specific Hsp, type of cell, and context. This review addresses the role of Hsps in the kidney, including during development, as osmoprotectants, and in various kidney disease models. Heat shock transcription factor, activated by a stress on renal cells, induces Hsp elaboration and separately regulates immune responses that can contribute to renal injury. Induced Hsps in the intracellular compartment are mostly beneficial in the kidney by stabilizing and restoring cell architecture and function through acting as protein chaperones. Intracellular Hsps also inhibit apoptosis and facilitate cell proliferation, preserving renal tubule viability after acute injury, but enhancing progression of cystic kidney disease and malignancy. Induced Hsps in the extracellular compartment, either circulating or located on outer cell membranes, are mainly detrimental through enhancing inflammation pathways to injury. Correctly harnessing these stress proteins promises the opportunity to alter the course of acute and chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasree Sreedharan
- Pediatrics, Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N. 92nd St., Suite C510, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Scott K Van Why
- Pediatrics, Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N. 92nd St., Suite C510, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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Abstract
Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) belong to the family of intracellular proteins that are constitutively expressed and are upregulated by various stressors including heat, oxidative and chemical stress. HSP helps in reparative processes, including the refolding of damaged proteins and the removal of irreparably damaged proteins that would initiate cellular death or apoptosis. A growing body of evidence has expanded the role of HSP and defined their role in diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, ischemic heart disease and kidney diseases. The protective role of HSP in ischemic renal injury has been described and HSP impairment has been noted in other forms of kidney injuries including post-transplant situation. Further research into the role of HSP in prevention of kidney injury is crucial if translation from the laboratory to patient bedside has to occur. This article aims to be a review of heat shock protein, and its relevance to kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhana Nayak Rao
- Department of Nephrology, K.S Hegde Medical Academy, Medical Sciences Complex, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Li H, Peng X, Wang Y, Cao S, Xiong L, Fan J, Wang Y, Zhuang S, Yu X, Mao H. Atg5-mediated autophagy deficiency in proximal tubules promotes cell cycle G2/M arrest and renal fibrosis. Autophagy 2016; 12:1472-86. [PMID: 27304991 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1190071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy protects against cellular stress. Renal sublethal injury-triggered tubular epithelial cell cycle arrest at G2/M is associated with interstitial fibrosis. However, the role of autophagy in renal fibrosis is elusive. Here, we hypothesized that autophagy activity in tubular epithelial cells is pivotal for inhibition of cell cycle G2/M arrest and subsequent fibrogenic response. In both renal epithelial cells stimulated by angiotensin II (AGT II) and the murine kidney after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), we observed that occurrence of autophagy preceded increased production of COL1 (collagen, type I). Pharmacological enhancement of autophagy by rapamycin suppressed COL1 accumulation and renal fibrosis. In contrast, genetic ablation of autophagy by proximal tubular epithelial cell-specific deletion of Atg5, with reduction of the LC3-II protein level and degradation of SQSTM1/p62, showed marked cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, robust COL1 deposition, and severe interstitial fibrosis in a UUO model, as compared with wild-type mice. In vitro, AGT II exposure triggered autophagy preferentially in the G1/S phase, and increased COL1 expression in the G2/M phase in renal epithelial cells. Stimulation of Atg5-deficient primary proximal tubular cells with AGT II also resulted in elevated G2/M arrest and COL1 production. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of autophagy increased AGT II-mediated G2/M arrest. Enhanced expression of ATG5, but not the autophagy-deficient ATG5 mutant K130R, rescued the G2/M arrest, suggesting the regulation of cell cycle progression by ATG5 is autophagy dependent. In conclusion, Atg5-mediated autophagy in proximal epithelial cells is a critical host-defense mechanism that prevents renal fibrosis by blocking G2/M arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Li
- a Department of Nephrology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xuan Peng
- a Department of Nephrology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yating Wang
- a Department of Nephrology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shirong Cao
- a Department of Nephrology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Liping Xiong
- a Department of Nephrology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jinjin Fan
- a Department of Nephrology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yihan Wang
- b Laboratory for Kidney Pathology, Inc. , Nashville , TN USA
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- c Department of Medicine , Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital of Brown University, Providence , RI USA
| | - Xueqing Yu
- a Department of Nephrology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Haiping Mao
- a Department of Nephrology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology , Guangzhou , China
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Lou Q, Hu Y, Ma Y, Dong Z. Heat shock factor 1 induces crystallin-αB to protect against cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F94-F102. [PMID: 27194715 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00201.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, a wildly used chemotherapy drug, induces nephrotoxicity that is characterized by renal tubular cell apoptosis. In response to toxicity, tubular cells can activate cytoprotective mechanisms, such as the heat shock response. However, the role and regulation of the heat shock response in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity remain largely unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated the induction of heat shock factor (Hsf)1 and the small heat shock protein crystallin-αB (CryAB) during cisplatin nephrotoxicity in mice. Consistently, cisplatin induced Hsf1 and CryAB in a cultured renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs). RPTCs underwent apoptosis during cisplatin treatment, which was increased when Hsf1 was knocked down. Transfection or restoration of Hsf1 into Hsf1 knockdown cells suppressed cisplatin-induced apoptosis, further supporting a cytoprotective role of Hsf1 and its associated heat shock response. Moreover, Hsf1 knockdown increased Bax translocation to mitochondria and cytochrome c release into the cytosol. In RPTCs, Hsf1 knockdown led to a specific downregulation of CryAB. Transfection of CryAB into Hsf1 knockdown cells diminished their sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, suggesting that CryAB may be a key mediator of the cytoprotective effect of Hsf1. Taken together, these results demonstrate a heat shock response in cisplatin nephrotoxicity that is mediated by Hsf1 and CryAB to protect tubular cells against apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lou
- Antibody Drug Engineering Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University School of Medicine, Kaifeng, Henan, China; and Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yanzhong Hu
- Antibody Drug Engineering Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University School of Medicine, Kaifeng, Henan, China; and Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yuanfang Ma
- Antibody Drug Engineering Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University School of Medicine, Kaifeng, Henan, China; and
| | - Zheng Dong
- Antibody Drug Engineering Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University School of Medicine, Kaifeng, Henan, China; and Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
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Liu Y, Zuo S, Li X, Fan J, Cao X, Yu X, Yang Q. Interaction between V-ATPase B2 and (Pro) renin Receptors in Promoting the progression of Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25035. [PMID: 27121029 PMCID: PMC4848550 DOI: 10.1038/srep25035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the levels of (Pro) renin receptor [(P) RR], α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), and vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) subunits (B2, E, and c) in rat unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) models and rat proximal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) treated with prorenin to elucidate the role of V-ATPase in these processes by activating the (P) RR. UUO significantly upregulated (P) RR, V-ATPase subunits, α-SMA and FN expression in tubulointerstitium or tubular epithelial cells. A marked colocalization of (P) RR and the B2 subunit was also observed. Prorenin treatment upregulated α-SMA, FN, (P) RR, and V-ATPase subunits and activity in NRK52E cell in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 partially blocked prorenin-induced (P) RR, FN, and α-SMA expression. Co-immunoprecipitate and immunofluorescence results demonstrated that the V-ATPase B2 subunit bound to the (P) RR, which was upregulated after prorenin stimulation. Either siRNA-mediated (P) RR or B2 subunit knockdown partially reduced V-ATPase activity and attenuated prorenin-induced FN and α-SMA expression. From the data we can assume that activation of (P) RR and V-ATPase may play an important role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis with possible involvement of interaction of V-ATPase B2 subunit and (P)RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Sujun Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinjin Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xueqin Cao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiongqiong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Kim JS, Son Y, Jung MG, Jeong YJ, Kim SH, Lee SJ, Lee YJ, Lee HJ. Geranylgeranylacetone alleviates radiation-induced lung injury by inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition signaling. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4666-70. [PMID: 27082939 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) involves pneumonitis and fibrosis, and results in pulmonary dysfunction. Moreover, RILI can be a fatal complication of thoracic radiotherapy. The present study investigated the protective effect of geranylgeranlyacetone (GGA), an inducer of heat shock protein (HSP)70, on RILI using a C57BL/6 mouse model of RILI developing 6 months subsequent to exposure to 12.5 Gy thoracic radiation. GGA was administered 5 times orally prior and subsequent to radiation exposure, and the results were assessed by histological analysis and western blotting. The results show that late RILI was alleviated by GGA treatment, possibly through the suppression of epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression. Based on histological examination, orally administered GGA during the acute phase of radiation injury not only significantly inhibited pro‑surfactant protein C (pro‑SPC) and vimentin expression, but also preserved E‑cadherin expression 6 months after irradiation‑induced injury of the lungs. GGA induced HSP70 and inhibited EMT marker expression in L132 human lung epithelial cells following IR. These data suggest that the prevention of EMT signaling is a key cytoprotective effect in the context of RILI. Thus, HSP70‑inducing drugs, such as GGA, could be beneficial for protection against RILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong-Sun Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan 619‑953, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonghoon Son
- Division of Radiation Effects, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Gu Jung
- Division of Radiation Effects, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Ji Jeong
- Division of Radiation Effects, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500‑757, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133‑791, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jin Lee
- Division of Radiation Effects, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-June Lee
- Division of Radiation Effects, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139‑706, Republic of Korea
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Heat Shock Protein 72 Antagonizes STAT3 Signaling to Inhibit Fibroblast Accumulation in Renal Fibrogenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:816-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gellai R, Hodrea J, Lenart L, Hosszu A, Koszegi S, Balogh D, Ver A, Banki NF, Fulop N, Molnar A, Wagner L, Vannay A, Szabo AJ, Fekete A. Role of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine modification in diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F1172-F1181. [PMID: 27029430 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00545.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is a known contributor to diabetes; however, its relevance in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is poorly elucidated. Here, we studied the process and enzymes of O-GlcNAcylation with a special emphasis on Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and heat shock protein (HSP)72 signaling. Since tubular injury is the prominent site of DN, the effect of hyperglycemia was first measured in proximal tubular (HK2) cells cultured in high glucose. In vivo O-GlcNAcylation and protein levels of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), O-GlcNAcase (OGA), phosphorylated (p)Akt/Akt, peNOS/eNOS, and HSP72 were assessed in the kidney cortex of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The effects of various renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors were also evaluated. In proximal tubular cells, hyperglycemia-induced OGT expression led to increased O-GlcNAcylation, which was followed by a compensatory increase of OGA. In parallel, peNOS and pAkt levels decreased, whereas HSP72 increased. In diabetic rats, elevated O-GlcNAcylation was accompanied by decreased OGT and OGA. RAAS inhibitors ameliorated diabetes-induced kidney damage and prevented the elevation of O-GlcNAcylation and the decrement of pAkt, peNOS, and HSP72. In conclusion, hyperglycemia-induced elevation of O-GlcNAcylation contributes to the progression of DN via inhibition of Akt/eNOS phosphorylation and HSP72 induction. RAAS blockers successfully inhibit this process, suggesting a novel pathomechanism of their renoprotective action in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Gellai
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Hodrea
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Lenart
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Hosszu
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Koszegi
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dora Balogh
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Agota Ver
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nora F Banki
- First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert Fulop
- Teaching Hospital Mór Kaposi, Kaposvar, Hungary; and
| | - Agnes Molnar
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Wagner
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Vannay
- MTA-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabo
- MTA-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Fekete
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; .,First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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The role of natural polyphenols in cell signaling and cytoprotection against cancer development. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 32:1-19. [PMID: 27142731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cytoprotective and anticancer action of dietary in-taken natural polyphenols has for long been attributed only to their direct radical scavenging activities. Currently it is well supported that those compounds display a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological outcomes mediated by their complex metabolism, interaction with gut microbiota as well as direct interactions of their metabolites with key cellular signaling proteins. The beneficial effects of natural polyphenols and their synthetic derivatives are extensively studied in context of cancer prophylaxis and therapy. Herein we focus on cell signaling to explain the beneficial role of polyphenols at the three stages of cancer development: we review the recent proceedings about the impact of polyphenols on the cytoprotective antioxidant response and their proapoptotic action at the premalignant stage, and finally we present data showing how phenolic acids (e.g., caffeic, chlorogenic acids) and flavonols (e.g., quercetin) hamper the development of metastatic cancer.
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Mazzei L, Docherty NG, Manucha W. Mediators and mechanisms of heat shock protein 70 based cytoprotection in obstructive nephropathy. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:893-906. [PMID: 26228633 PMCID: PMC4595437 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0622-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is rapidly increased in patients with clinical acute kidney injury, indicating that it constitutes a component of the endogenous stress response to renal injury. Moreover, experimental models have demonstrated that Hsp70 activation is associated with the cytoprotective actions of several drugs following obstruction, including nitric oxide (NO) donors, geranylgeranylacetone, vitamin D, and rosuvastatin. Discrete and synergistic effects of the biological activities of Hsp70 may explain its cytoprotective role in obstructive nephropathy. Basic studies point to a combination of effects including inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation, repair of damaged proteins, prevention of unfolded protein aggregation, targeting of damaged protein for degradation, and cytoskeletal stabilization as primary effectors of Hsp70 action. This review summarizes our understanding of how the biological actions of Hsp70 may affect renal cytoprotection in the context of obstructive injury. The potential of Hsp70 to be of central importance to the mechanism of action of various drugs that modify the genesis of experimental obstructive nephropathy is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mazzei
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
- IMBECU-CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Neil G Docherty
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Walter Manucha
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- IMBECU-CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mei W, Peng Z, Lu M, Liu C, Deng Z, Xiao Y, Liu J, He Y, Yuan Q, Yuan X, Tang D, Yang H, Tao L. Peroxiredoxin 1 inhibits the oxidative stress induced apoptosis in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2015; 20:832-42. [PMID: 25989822 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Mei
- Division of Nephrology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Zhangzhe Peng
- Division of Nephrology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Miaomiao Lu
- Division of Nephrology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Division of Nephrology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Zhenghao Deng
- Division of Pathology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Yun Xiao
- Division of Nephrology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Jishi Liu
- Division of Nephrology; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Ying He
- Division of Gastroenterology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Qiongjing Yuan
- Division of Nephrology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Xiangning Yuan
- Division of Nephrology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Damu Tang
- Division of Nephrology; Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Huixiang Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Lijian Tao
- Division of Nephrology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of China; Central South University; Changsha China
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Jang HS, Padanilam BJ. Simultaneous deletion of Bax and Bak is required to prevent apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 309:F540-50. [PMID: 26180237 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00170.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proximal tubular injury and apoptosis are key mediators of the development of kidney fibrosis, a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. However, the molecular mechanism by which tubular apoptotic cell death leads to kidney fibrosis is poorly understood. In the present study, we tested the roles of Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) and Bcl-2 antagonist/killer (Bak), two crucial proteins involved in intrinsic apoptotic cell death, in the progression of kidney fibrosis. Mice with proximal tubule-specific Bax deletion, systemic deletion of Bak, and dual deletion of Bax and Bak were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Dual deficiency of Bax and Bak inhibited tubular apoptosis and atrophy. Consistent with decreased tubular injury, dual ablation of Bax and Bak suppressed UUO-induced inflammation and kidney fibrosis with decreased tubular cell cycle arrest, expression of fibrogenic and inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress in the kidney. Bax or Bak deficiency was insufficient to prevent apoptosis and all other aforementioned malevolent effects, suggesting compensatory mediation by each other in the respective signaling pathways. These data suggest that dual ablation of Bax and Bak in the kidney is required to prevent UUO-induced tubular apoptosis and the consequent kidney inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; and
| | - Babu J Padanilam
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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He W, Zhuang Y, Wang L, Qi L, Chen B, Wang M, Shao D, Chen J. Geranylgeranylacetone attenuates hepatic fibrosis by increasing the expression of heat shock protein 70. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4895-900. [PMID: 26165998 PMCID: PMC4581808 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene may be closely associated with tissue fibrosis; however, the association between HSP70 and liver fibrosis remains to be fully elucidated. The present study hypothesized that geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) exerts beneficial effects on liver fibrosis though upregulation of the expression of HSP70. Liver fibrosis was induced in rats using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The rats were subsequently divided into three groups: Control group, CCl4 model group and CCl4 model + GGA group. Liver fibrosis in the rats was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining and Sirius red staining. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin were determined using an automated biochemistry analyzer. The levels of total hepatic hydroxyproline were also determined. The expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were determined using immunofluorescence staining and western blotting, and the protein expression levels of HSP70 were determined using western blotting. The CCl4-induced rats exhibited liver fibrosis, increased hydroxyproline content, impaired liver function, upregulated expression levels of the α-SMA and TGF-β1 pro-fibrogenic proteins, and increased expression of HSP70, compared with the control group. These changes were attenuated by treatment with GGA. These results demonstrated that GGA exerted beneficial effects in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis via upregulating the expression of HSP70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Liangzhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Binfang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Dong Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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48
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Liu Y, Guo R, Hao G, Xiao J, Bao Y, Zhou J, Chen Q, Wei X. The expression profiling and ontology analysis of noncoding RNAs in peritoneal fibrosis induced by peritoneal dialysis fluid. Gene 2015; 564:210-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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49
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Zhang B, Rong R, Li H, Peng X, Xiong L, Wang Y, Yu X, Mao H. Heat shock protein 72 suppresses apoptosis by increasing the stability of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1793-9. [PMID: 25394481 PMCID: PMC4270332 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) negatively regulates apoptotic pathways at a post-mitochondrial level. XIAP functions by directly binding and inhibiting activation of specific caspases. Upon apoptotic stimuli, mitochondrial second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac)/direct IAP-binding protein with low PI (DIABLO) is released into the cytosol, which results in displacement of XIAP from caspases. Heat shock protein 72 (HSP72), an anti-apoptotic protein, prevents mitochondrial injury resulting from acute renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), its role in Smac/DIABLO and XIAP signaling remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the hypothesis that HSP72 prevents XIAP degradation in vivo and in vitro was assessed. To this purpose, a rat model of I/R injury was used to investigate the renoprotective role of HSP72 by treatment with geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), a specific inducer of HSP72. The mechanism of the cytoprotective properties of HSP72 was also investigated in vitro using adenovirus-mediated overexpression of HSP72 in adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-depleted human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells. Pre-conditioning rats with GGA attenuated renal tubular cell damage, reduced cell apoptosis, preserved XIAP protein content and improved renal function following I/R injury. An in vitro study was performed in which cells were transiently exposed to 5 mM sodium cyanide in a glucose-free medium in order to induce apoptosis. Compared with the control, overexpression of HSP72 inhibited Smac/DIABLO release from the mitochondria and increased levels of XIAP and pro-caspase 3 in ATP-depleted HK-2 cells. In addition, HSP72 interacted with Smac/DIABLO. The present data demonstrates that HSP72 preserves renal function in I/R injury through its anti-apoptotic effects, which act by suppressing mitochondrial Smac/DIABLO release and preserving XIAP protein content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Rong Rong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Huiyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Liping Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Laboratory for Kidney Pathology, Inc., Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Haiping Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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50
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Bellaye PS, Burgy O, Causse S, Garrido C, Bonniaud P. Heat shock proteins in fibrosis and wound healing: Good or evil? Pharmacol Ther 2014; 143:119-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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