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Yan Q, Liu S, Sun Y, Chen C, Yang S, Lin M, Long J, Yao J, Lin Y, Yi F, Meng L, Tan Y, Ai Q, Chen N, Yang Y. Targeting oxidative stress as a preventive and therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:519. [PMID: 37533007 PMCID: PMC10394930 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to exert a significant impact on global mortality rates, encompassing conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), atherosclerosis (AS), and myocardial infarction (MI). Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and advancement of CVDs, highlighting its significance as a contributing factor. Maintaining an equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant systems not only aids in mitigating oxidative stress but also confers protective benefits on cardiac health. Herbal monomers can inhibit OS in CVDs by activating multiple signaling pathways, such as increasing the activity of endogenous antioxidant systems and decreasing the level of ROS expression. Given the actions of herbal monomers to significantly protect the normal function of the heart and reduce the damage caused by OS to the organism. Hence, it is imperative to recognize the significance of herbal monomers as prospective therapeutic interventions for mitigating oxidative damage in CVDs. This paper aims to comprehensively review the origins and mechanisms underlying OS, elucidate the intricate association between CVDs and OS, and explore the therapeutic potential of antioxidant treatment utilizing herbal monomers. Furthermore, particular emphasis will be placed on examining the cardioprotective effects of herbal monomers by evaluating their impact on cardiac signaling pathways subsequent to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Hospital for Matemal&Child Health Care, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Songwei Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Meiyu Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Junpeng Long
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Jiao Yao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Qidi Ai
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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Diao HY, Zhu W, Liu J, Yin S, Wang JH, Li CL. Salvianolic Acid A Improves Rat Kidney Injury by Regulating MAPKs and TGF-β1/Smads Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083630. [PMID: 37110864 PMCID: PMC10144349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is one of the major components in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., with various pharmacological activities, and is likely to be a promising agent for the treatment of kidney diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the protective effect and mechanisms of SAA on kidney disease. In this study, the improvement effects of SAA (10, 20, 40 mg/kg, i.g.) on kidney injury rats were investigated by detecting the levels of KIM-1, NGAL in serum and UP in the urine of AKI model rats established with gentamicin, as well as the levels of SCr and UREA in serum and IL-6, IL-12, MDA and T-SOD in the kidneys of CKD model rats established with 5/6 nephrectomy. HE and Masson staining were used to observe the histopathological changes in the kidney. Network pharmacology and Western blotting were used to explore the mechanism of SAA in improving kidney injury. The results showed that SAA improved kidney function in kidney injury rats by reducing the kidney index and pathological injury by HE and Masson staining, reducing the levels of KIM-1, NGAL and UP in AKI rats and UREA, SCr and UP in CKD rats, as well as exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects by inhibiting the release of IL-6 and IL-12, reducing MDA and increasing T-SOD. Western blotting results showed that SAA significantly reduced the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, p38, JNK and smad2/3, and the expression of TLR-4 and smad7. In conclusion, SAA plays a significant role in improving kidney injury in rats and the mechanism may be achieved by regulating the MAPKs and TGF-β1/smads signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Diao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Sheng Yin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chun-Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Sun D, Cui S, Ma H, Zhu P, Li N, Zhang X, Zhang L, Xuan L, Li J. Salvianolate ameliorates renal tubular injury through the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway in mouse kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115331. [PMID: 35489662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical disease characterized by rapid loss of renal function. Salvianolate is a prescribed Chinese medicine derived from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge that possesses many pharmacological effects, the active components extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge have been proved to protect ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-AKI. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to validate the therapeutic effect of SAL on I/R-AKI, and explore its potential pharmacological mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were pretreated with/without salvianolate (10, 30, and 90 mg/kg) before renal ischemia-reperfusion operation. Serum creatinine, BUN, and H&E staining were performed to evaluate renal function. Immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to measure renal tubular injury including inflammatory factors and peroxide level. Apoptosis of the kidney tissues was determined by TUNEL assay. Keap1-Nrf2-ARE and apoptosis signaling pathways were measured by Western blot, RT-PCR, and YO-PRO-1 staining in kidneys or NRK52E cells. RESULTS Pretreatment with SAL effectively alleviated renal function and ameliorated epithelial tubular injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Furthermore, the mechanistic study demonstrated that the SAL exerts anti-apoptotic effects through activation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in renal tubular cells. CONCLUSION These findings indicate the therapeutic benefit of salvianolate in the protection of renal injury from ischemia-reperfusion, and strengthen the evidence for the AKI treatment strategy by the anti-oxidative stress response, suggesting that SAL may be a potential agent for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shichao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijian Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ni Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Shanghai Green Valley Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijiang Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingya Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Renal-Protective Effects and Potential Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine after Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5579327. [PMID: 33680054 PMCID: PMC7910071 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5579327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury mainly causes acute kidney injury (AKI) after renal transplantation, trauma, sepsis, and hypovolemic shock. Patients with renal I/R injury are frequently associated with a poor prognosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases in China and other Asian countries for centuries. Many studies have shown the protective effect of TCM on renal I/R injury, due to its diverse bioactive components. The potential mechanisms of TCMs on renal I/R injury include anti-inflammation, antioxidative effect, anti-cell death, downregulation of adhesion molecule expression, regulation of energy metabolism by restoring Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and mitochondrial fission. This review summarizes the major developments in the effects and underlying mechanisms of TCMs on the renal I/R injury.
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Li S, Qian Q, Ying N, Lai J, Feng L, Zheng S, Jiang F, Song Q, Chai H, Dou X. Activation of the AMPK-SIRT1 pathway contributes to protective effects of Salvianolic acid A against lipotoxicity in hepatocytes and NAFLD in mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:560905. [PMID: 33328983 PMCID: PMC7734334 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.560905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Salvianolic acid A (Sal A), a natural polyphenol compound extracted from Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (known as Danshen in China), possesses a variety of potential pharmacological activities. The aim of this study is to determine mechanisms of hepatoprotective effects of Sal A against lipotoxicity both in cultured hepatocytes and in a mouse model of fatty liver disease. Methods: High-fat and high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD)-fed C57BL/6J mice were employed to establish hepatic lipotoxicity in a mouse model. Two doses of Sal A were administered every other day via intraperitoneal injection (20 and 40 mg/kg BW, respectively). After a 10-week intervention, liver injury was detected by immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses. For in vitro studies, we used HepG2, a human hepatoma cell line, and exposed them to palmitic acid to induce lipotoxicity. The protective effects of Sal A on palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity were examined in Sal A-pretreated HepG2 cells. Results: Sal A treatments attenuated body weight gain, liver injury, and hepatic steatosis in mice exposed to HFCD. Sal A pretreatments ameliorated palmitic acid-induced cell death but did not reverse effects of HFCD- or palmitate-induced activations of JNK, ERK1/2, and PKA. Induction of p38 phosphorylation was significantly reversed by Sal A in HFCD-fed mice but not in palmitate-treated HepG2 cells. However, Sal A rescued hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) suppression and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) downregulation by both HFCD feeding in mice and exposure to palmitate in HepG2 cells. Sal A dose-dependently up-regulated p-AMPK and SIRT1 protein levels. Importantly, siRNA silencing of either AMPK or SIRT1 gene expression abolished the protective effects of Sal A on lipotoxicity. Moreover, while AMPK silencing blocked Sal A-induced SIRT1, silencing of SIRT1 had no effect on Sal A-triggered AMPK activation, suggesting SIRT1 upregulation by Sal A is mediated by AMPK activation. Conclusion: Our data uncover a novel mechanism for hepatoprotective effects of Sal A against lipotoxicity both in livers from HFCD-fed mice and palmitic acid-treated hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Li
- College of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianyu Qian
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Ying
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfei Lai
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyan Feng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sitong Zheng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fusheng Jiang
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Song
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chai
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang C, Shang Y, Chen X, Midgley AC, Wang Z, Zhu D, Wu J, Chen P, Wu L, Wang X, Zhang K, Wang H, Kong D, Yang Z, Li Z, Chen X. Supramolecular Nanofibers Containing Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate (RGD) Peptides Boost Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles in Kidney Repair. ACS NANO 2020; 14:12133-12147. [PMID: 32790341 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have been recognized as a promising cell-free therapy for acute kidney injury (AKI), which avoids safety concerns associated with direct cell engraftment. However, low stability and retention of MSC-EVs have limited their therapeutic efficacy. RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptide binds strongly to integrins, which have been identified on the surface of MSC-EV membranes; yet RGD has not been applied to EV scaffolds to enhance and prolong bioavailability. Here, we developed RGD hydrogels, which we hypothesized could augment MSC-EV efficacy in the treatment of AKI models. In vivo tracking of the labeled EVs revealed that RGD hydrogels increased retention and stability of EVs. Integrin gene knockdown experiments confirmed that EV-hydrogel interaction was mediated by RGD-integrin binding. Upon intrarenal injection into mouse AKI models, EV-RGD hydrogels provided superior rescuing effects to renal function, attenuated histopathological damage, decreased tubular injury, and promoted cell proliferation in early phases of AKI. RGD hydrogels also augmented antifibrotic effects of MSC-EVs in chronic stages. Further analysis revealed that the presence of microRNA let-7a-5p in MSC-EVs served as the mechanism contributing to the reduced cell apoptosis and elevated cell autophagy in AKI. In conclusion, RGD hydrogels facilitated MSC-derived let-7a-5p-containing EVs, improving reparative potential against AKI. This study developed an RGD scaffold to increase the EV integrin-mediated loading and in turn improved therapeutic efficacy in renal repair; therefore this strategy shed light on MSC-EV application as a cell-free treatment for potentiated efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyue Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yuna Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoniao Chen
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Adam C Midgley
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dashuai Zhu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lingling Wu
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhimou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Sanches-Silva A, Testai L, Nabavi SF, Battino M, Pandima Devi K, Tejada S, Sureda A, Xu S, Yousefi B, Majidinia M, Russo GL, Efferth T, Nabavi SM, Farzaei MH. Therapeutic potential of polyphenols in cardiovascular diseases: Regulation of mTOR signaling pathway. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104626. [PMID: 31904507 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases comprise of non-communicable disorders that involve the heart and/or blood vessels and have become the leading cause of death worldwide with increased prevalence by age. mTOR is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase which plays a central role in many physiological processes including cardiovascular diseases, and also integrates various proliferative signals, nutrient and energy abundance and stressful situations. mTOR also acts as central regulator during chronic stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and deregulated autophagy which are associated with senescence. Under oxidative stress, mTOR has been reported to exert protective effects regulating apoptosis and autophagy processes and favoring tissue repair. On the other hand, inhibition of mTOR has been suggested to have beneficial effects against atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, and also in extending the lifespan. In this aspect, the use of drugs or natural compounds, which can target mTOR is an interesting approach in order to reduce the number of deaths caused by cardiovascular disease. In the present review, we intend to shed light on the possible effects and molecular mechanism of natural agents like polyphenols via regulating mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sanches-Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal; Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6 - 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Silvia Tejada
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Suowen Xu
- University of Rochester, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Topdağı Ö, Tanyeli A, Akdemir FNE, Eraslan E, Güler MC, Çomaklı S. Preventive effects of fraxin on ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury in rats. Life Sci 2019; 242:117217. [PMID: 31884094 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Kidney ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is an important health problem resulting in acute kidney failure. The oxidative stress and inflammatory process are the underlying mechanisms of IR injury. It has been purposed in this study to research the possible protective effects of fraxin on kidney injury induced by IR. MATERIAL AND METHODS 32 Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups. The groups were organized as follows; sham, IR, IR + fraxin 10 mg/kg, and IR + 50 mg/kg fraxin groups. Some oxidant, antioxidant and inflammatory parameters were evaluated in kidney tissues removed at the end of our experimental study. KEY FINDINGS It was detected that the oxidant and proinflammatory markers increased and antioxidant parameters decreased in IR group but the results significantly reversed in treatment groups compared to IR group. And also, 8-OHdG, NF-κB, HAVCR1 immunopositivities were at severe levels and these results attenuated in IR fraxin + 10 mg/kg, and IR + fraxin 50 mg/kg groups. SIGNIFICANCE These presented results have shown that fraxin performed protective effects against kidney injury induced by IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Topdağı
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Tanyeli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fazile Nur Ekinci Akdemir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, High School of Health, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
| | - Ersen Eraslan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Can Güler
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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9
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Feng J, Kong R, Xie L, Lu W, Zhang Y, Dong H, Jiang H. Clemaichinenoside protects renal tubular epithelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in vitro through activating the Nrf2/HO‐1 signalling pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:495-502. [PMID: 31785117 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Ranran Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Liyi Xie
- Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Wanhong Lu
- Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Hongjuan Dong
- Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Blood Purification Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
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Geyikoglu F, Koc K, Colak S, Erol HS, Cerig S, Yardimci BK, Cakmak O, Dortbudak MB, Eser G, Aysin F, Ozek NS, Yildirim S. Propolis and Its Combination with Boric Acid Protect Against Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, DNA Damage, and Apoptosis in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 192:214-221. [PMID: 30783919 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-1649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury which causes kidney dysfunction is one of the most studied diseases directly linked to oxidative stress. In this regard, it is important to protect cells against damage by inducing antioxidant response. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic roles and possible mechanisms of propolis and boric acid in kidney I/R injury based on relevant basic research and clinical studies. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 50 min of ischemia followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Animals were randomly divided into a control group (the abdominal wall was just opened and closed), an I/R injury group, the propolis intervention group (200 mg/kg, intragastric administration, 1 h before ischemia), boric acid intervention group (14 mg/kg, intragastric administration 1 h before ischemia), and the propolis + boric acid intervention group (intragastric administration 1 h before ischemia). Kidney function, the antioxidant defensive system, and renal damage were assessed. In addition, the oxidative stress and inflammatory status were estimated in renal tissue. Furthermore, DNA damageand apoptosis were detected by immunohistochemistry. When compared with I/R group, propolis alone and especially propolis + boric acid groups significantly improved functional parameters. While the antioxidant response was increased, renal injury size and apoptosis were significantly decreased in both groups. Also, the MDA and TNF-α levels besides the 8-OHdG formation were downregulated. According to these outcomes, it can be said that especially propolis together with boric acid ameliorates kidney injury caused by I/R through acting as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic agent. In conclusion, propolis alone and its combination with boric acid could be developed as therapeutic agents against serious renal I/R injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatime Geyikoglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Kubra Koc
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Suat Colak
- Department of Biology, Uzumlu Vocational, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Serkan Erol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Salim Cerig
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Berna Kavakcioglu Yardimci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cakmak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Gizem Eser
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ferhunde Aysin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- East Anatolian High Technology Research and Application Center (DAYTAM), Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nihal Simsek Ozek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- East Anatolian High Technology Research and Application Center (DAYTAM), Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
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11
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Xu J, Qi Q, Lv P, Dong Y, Jiang X, Liu Z. Oxiracetam ameliorates cognitive deficits in vascular dementia rats by regulating the expression of neuronal apoptosis/autophagy-related genes associated with the activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 52:e8371. [PMID: 31721903 PMCID: PMC6853072 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxiracetam (ORC) is a commonly used nootropic drug for improving cognition and memory impairments. The therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of ORC in vascular dementia (VaD) treatment remain unknown. In this study, 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats with permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion-induced VaD were treated orally with low (100 mg/kg) or high (200 mg/kg) dose ORC once a day for 4 weeks. The results of the Morris water maze test and Nissl staining showed that ORC treatment significantly alleviated learning and memory deficits and neuronal damage in rats with VaD. Mechanistically, the protein levels of a panel of genes associated with neuronal apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax) and autophagy (microtubule-associated protein 1 chain 3, Beclin1, p62) were significantly altered by ORC treatment compared with VaD, suggesting a protective role of ORC against VaD-induced neuronal apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, the Akt/mTOR pathway, which is known to be the upstream signaling governing apoptosis and autophagy, was found to be activated in ORC-treated rats, suggesting an involvement of Akt/mTOR activation in ORC-rendered protection in VaD rats. Taken together, this study demonstrated that ORC may alleviate learning and memory impairments and neuronal damage in VaD rats by altering the expression of apoptosis/autophagy-related genes and activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qianqian Qi
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Peiyuan Lv
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhijuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
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Jin J, Gong J, Zhao L, Zhang H, He Q, Jiang X. Inhibition of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) attenuates podocyte apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating autophagy flux. J Diabetes 2019; 11:826-836. [PMID: 30864227 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Podocyte injury, characterized by podocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is the major causative factor of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Autophagy dysfunction is regarded as the major risk factor for podocyte injury including EMT and apoptosis. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is involved in the progression of DN through the induction of autophagy. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. METHODS Plasma HMGB1 concentrations were determined in DN patients using ELISA. Apoptosis of DN serum-treated podocytes was evaluated by flow cytometry. Podocyte autophagy flux was measured using immunofluorescence. Western blotting analysis was used to investigate HMGB1 expression, EMT, and autophagy-related signaling pathways. RESULTS Upregulation of HMGB1 was found in DN patients and DN serum-treated podocytes. Removal of HMGB1 inhibited DN serum-mediated podocyte apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy and activating AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. In addition, HMGB1 depletion repressed the progression of podocyte EMT by inhibiting transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/smad1 signaling in vitro and in vivo. The combination of HMGB1 short interference (si) RNA and the autophagy activator rapamycin protected against podocyte apoptosis and EMT progression by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR and TGF-β/smad signaling pathway, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Although HMGB1 siRNA and rapamycin treatment had opposite effects on autophagy and AKT/mTOR signaling, there was no contradiction about the role of HMGB1 siRNA and rapamycin on AKT/mTOR pathway because autophagy and AKT/mTOR signaling play dual roles in intracellular biological processes. Based on the findings of this study, we may assume that HMGB1-initiated autophagy is harmful, whereas rapamycin is beneficial to podocyte survival. Possibly combined treatment with HMGB1 siRNA and rapamycin improved podocyte damage and EMT by regulating autophagy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianguang Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinxin Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Therapeutic and antiproteinuric effects of salvianolic acid A in combined with low-dose prednisone in minimal change disease rats: Involvement of PPARγ/Angptl4 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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