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Langer TM, Neumueller SE, Crumley E, Burgraff NJ, Talwar S, Hodges MR, Pan L, Forster HV. Effects on breathing of agonists to μ-opioid or GABA A receptors dialyzed into the ventral respiratory column of awake and sleeping goats. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2017; 239:10-25. [PMID: 28137700 PMCID: PMC5996971 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary ventilation (V̇I) in awake and sleeping goats does not change when antagonists to several excitatory G protein-coupled receptors are dialyzed unilaterally into the ventral respiratory column (VRC). Concomitant changes in excitatory neuromodulators in the effluent mock cerebral spinal fluid (mCSF) suggest neuromodulatory compensation. Herein, we studied neuromodulatory compensation during dialysis of agonists to inhibitory G protein-coupled or ionotropic receptors into the VRC. Microtubules were implanted into the VRC of goats for dialysis of mCSF mixed with agonists to either μ-opioid (DAMGO) or GABAA (muscimol) receptors. We found: (1) V̇I decreased during unilateral but increased during bilateral dialysis of DAMGO, (2) dialyses of DAMGO destabilized breathing, (3) unilateral dialysis of muscimol increased V̇I, and (4) dialysis of DAMGO decreased GABA in the effluent mCSF. We conclude: (1) neuromodulatory compensation can occur during altered inhibitory neuromodulator receptor activity, and (2) the mechanism of compensation differs between G protein-coupled excitatory and inhibitory receptors and between G protein-coupled and inotropic inhibitory receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Langer
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Suzanne E Neumueller
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Emma Crumley
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Nicholas J Burgraff
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Sawan Talwar
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Matthew R Hodges
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Lawrence Pan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Hubert V Forster
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States.
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