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Lin YC, Lin YC, Tsai ML, Liao WT, Hung CH. TSLP regulates mitochondrial ROS-induced mitophagy via histone modification in human monocytes. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:32. [PMID: 35292112 PMCID: PMC8925056 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a Th2-like cytokine involved in asthma pathogenesis. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can lead to airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness and remodeling. Mitophagy, followed by ROS production, is the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy and often occurs in defective mitochondria. In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of TSLP on ROS production and mitophagy in human monocytes and to investigate the underlying mechanisms, including epigenetic regulation. Results TSLP induced ROS generation, and the effects were reversed by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in THP-1 cells. Transmission electron microscopy images showed donut-shaped mitochondria that lost the cristae ultrastructure after TSLP stimulation. A decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased MTCO2 expression, and increased mitochondrial DNA release after TSLP stimulation were found. TSLP enhanced mitochondrial complex I and complex II/III activity and increased mitochondrial copy numbers and the expression of the complex II SHDA gene. TSLP-induced SHDA expression was inhibited by the histone acetyltransferase inhibitor anacardic acid (AA) and the histone methyltransferase inhibitor methylthioadenosine (MTA), and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that TSLP enhanced H3 acetylation, H4 acetylation, and H3K4 and H3K36 trimethylation in the SHDA promoter. Confocal laser microscopy showed that TSLP treatment increased the signals of the mitophagy-related proteins PINK1, LC3, phospho-parkin and phospho-ubiquitin, and pretreatment with AA and MTA reduced TSLP-induced PINK1 and LC3 accumulation in mitochondria. Western blot analysis showed that TSLP significantly increased phosphor-AMPK signal intensity, and the effects were inhibited by the antioxidant NAC. The increased signal intensities of the mitophagy-related proteins PINK1, Parkin and LC3 I/II were decreased by dorsomorphin, an AMPK inhibitor. TSLP decreased M1-related cytokine CXCL-10 production and increased M2-related cytokine CCL-1 and CCL-22 production, which was suppressed by the mitophagy inhibitor Mdivi-1 and PINK1 gene knockdown. Conclusions Epithelial-derived TSLP regulates ROS production and mitophagy through AMPK activation and histone modification and alters M1/M2 chemokine expression in human monocytes. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00767-w.
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Effects of Alkaline-Reduced Water on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Fatigue in Young Male Healthy Adults. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity confers health benefits and improves the general quality of life. Recently, alkaline-reduced water (ARW) consumption has garnered increasing attention in the field of sports. ARW effectively inhibits the oxidative stress generated in cells during high-intensity exercises; however, whether it exerts similar effects during exhaustive exercises remains unknown. This study was designed as a randomized, controlled, crossover, double-blind clinical trial with a single intervention of ARW intake (pH 9.5, 10 mL/kg body weight) after intense exercise. The participants were divided into two groups, wherein they consumed either purified water (PW group) or ARW (ARW group). Blood samples were collected before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 15 min after drinking water. The serum levels of oxidative stress markers and fatigue markers were determined. The results showed that ROS (p < 0.01) and NO levels (p < 0.001) were significantly decreased after ARW intake, and the reduction was more pronounced than that in the PW group. Interestingly, the increase in GPx and MDA levels was mediated by ARW intake (both p < 0.05) after exercise. The levels of fatigue markers, such as lactate (p < 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0.001), and phosphate (p < 0.001), were significantly reduced in both groups, with ARW intervention showing more decreased markers. The correlation analysis results showed that ARW may help maintain homeostatic conditions for ROS, antioxidant systems, and fatigue markers. These findings indicate that ARW consumption is effective in reducing oxidative stress and fatigue following exhaustive exercise and that ARW could be used as an antioxidant and anti-fatigue supplement after exhaustive physical exercise.
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Wang X, Shelton SD, Bordieanu B, Frank AR, Yi Y, Venigalla SSK, Gu Z, Lenser NP, Glogauer M, Chandel NS, Zhao H, Zhao Z, McFadden DG, Mishra P. Scinderin promotes fusion of electron transport chain dysfunctional muscle stem cells with myofibers. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:155-169. [PMID: 35342888 PMCID: PMC8954567 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) experience age-associated declines in number and function, accompanied by mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). The source of these changes, and how MuSCs respond to mitochondrial dysfunction, is unknown. We report here that in response to mitochondrial ROS, murine MuSCs directly fuse with neighboring myofibers; this phenomenon removes ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs from the stem cell compartment. MuSC-myofiber fusion is dependent on the induction of Scinderin, which promotes formation of actin-dependent protrusions required for membrane fusion. During aging, we find that the declining MuSC population accumulates mutations in the mitochondrial genome, but selects against dysfunctional variants. In the absence of clearance by Scinderin, the decline in MuSC numbers during aging is repressed; however, ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs are retained and can regenerate dysfunctional myofibers. We propose a model in which ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs are removed from the stem cell compartment by fusing with differentiated tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Spencer D Shelton
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bogdan Bordieanu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Present Address: Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Anderson R Frank
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Yating Yi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
- Present address: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041 China
| | - Siva Sai Krishna Venigalla
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nicholas P Lenser
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Present address: Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
- Present address: The Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - David G McFadden
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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4
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Pham TTH, Huang WY, Chen CS, Chiu WT, Chuang HS. Effects of electrotactic exercise and antioxidant EUK-134 on oxidative stress relief in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245474. [PMID: 33471830 PMCID: PMC7817057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant uptake and regular exercise are two well-acknowledged measures used for rejuvenation and oxidative stress elimination. Previous studies have revealed that moderate exercise mildly increases intracellular signaling oxidant levels and strengthens the ability of an organism to deal with escalating oxidative stress by upregulating antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase. Antioxidant supplementation directly scavenges intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) to reduce oxidative stress. However, research to understand the impacts of these enzymes on mitigating oxidative stress from the perspective of simple animals is limited. Herein, we show that exercise combined with antioxidant supplementation ameliorates the physiological phenotypes and markers of aging in wild-type and SOD/CAT-deficient Caenorhabditis elegans. We discovered that treated wild-type and gene-deficient worms show better survivorship, reproduction, and motility compared with their control counterparts. Assays of biochemical indices revealed that variations in sod-3 expression under different stress levels imply an inducible enzyme response resulting from exercise training and antioxidant supplementation. In addition, induced ROS resistance obtained from any type of treatment could persist for several days even after treatment cessation, thus suggesting a potential long-term antioxidative stress effect. Our findings confirm that exercise, antioxidant supplementation, and their combination could significantly improve the ability of C. elegans to withstand adverse stress. Our observations provide promising insights into future therapies of anti-oxidative stress in higher animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Huong Pham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ying Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Shi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Han-Sheng Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Fujita H, Mae K, Nagatani H, Horie M, Nagamori E. Effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the maintenance and differentiation of cultured skeletal muscle cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 131:572-578. [PMID: 33422389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the differentiation and maintenance of C2C12 myoblasts. The effects of H2O2 were evaluated by cell viability, total protein concentration, the relative amount of muscle-related proteins, sarcomere structure, and active tension generation. Oxidative stress is one of the major causes of myopathy after exercise and thus establishing the method to evaluate the effects on muscle function is essential. The primary function of striated muscle is to generate force, thus, the measurement of active tension is important in assessing the effect of chemicals on muscle. Among the indices we tested, the sarcomere structure was the most sensitive to the H2O2 exposure while the cell viability was less sensitive. The effects of H2O2 on active tension correlated with a decrease in the amount of muscle proteins. In this study, our results showed that the effect of chemicals on muscle should be measured in multiple ways, including active tension generation, for a better understanding of its physiological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Fujita
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Keisuke Mae
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagatani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Masanobu Horie
- Division of Biochemical Engineering, Radioisotope Research Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Eiji Nagamori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan.
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Yotsukura M, Okubo Y, Yoshida Y, Nakagawa K, Watanabe SI. Indocyanine green imaging for pulmonary segmentectomy. JTCVS Tech 2021; 6:151-158. [PMID: 34318180 PMCID: PMC8300924 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Delineation of the intersegmental plane during pulmonary segmentectomy by systemic injection of indocyanine green (ICG) has been rapidly emerging. We evaluated the feasibility of the use of ICG in a large-scale cohort according to the type of segmentectomy and the presence of obstructive lung disorder and compared the demarcation status with air injection. Methods We collected the data of 209 patients who underwent segmentectomy using ICG at National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Data of the operation including the demarcation status of the intersegmental plane were analyzed retrospectively. Results The median operation duration and blood loss were 105 minutes (interquartile range, 94-118 minutes) and 12 mL (interquartile range, 5-24 mL), respectively. Good demarcation of the intersegmental plane by ICG was observed in 184 (88.0%) cases, with no correlation to the type of resected segments or the presence of obstructive lung disorder. Postoperative complications of Clavien–Dindo classification grade 3 or more were observed in 5 cases (2.4%), and no ICG-related adverse event was noted. High-frequency jet ventilation was also used in 160 cases (76.6%) to delineate the intersegmental inflation–deflation plane. The air injected by high-frequency jet ventilation tended to spread further beyond the intersegmental plane that was depicted by ICG. Conclusions The use of ICG might demarcate the intersegmental plane more restricted to the target segment compared with air injection. Delineation of the intersegmental plane by ICG is feasible regardless of the type of segmentectomy or the presence of obstructive lung disorder, and it can be commonly applicable in pulmonary segmentectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Yotsukura
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Okubo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshida
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nakagawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Maffiuletti NA, Green DA, Vaz MA, Dirks ML. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation as a Potential Countermeasure for Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Weakness During Human Spaceflight. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1031. [PMID: 31456697 PMCID: PMC6700209 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human spaceflight is associated with a substantial loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) evokes involuntary muscle contractions, which have the potential to preserve or restore skeletal muscle mass and neuromuscular function during and/or post spaceflight. This assumption is largely based on evidence from terrestrial disuse/immobilization studies without the use of large exercise equipment that may not be available in spaceflight beyond the International Space Station. In this mini-review we provide an overview of the rationale and evidence for NMES based on the terrestrial state-of-the-art knowledge, compare this to that used in orbit, and in ground-based analogs in order to provide practical recommendations for implementation of NMES in future space missions. Emphasis will be placed on knee extensor and plantar flexor muscles known to be particularly susceptible to deconditioning in space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A Green
- Space Medicine Team, HRE-OM, European Astronaut Centre, European Space Agency, Cologne, Germany.,KBRwyle, Wyle Laboratories GmbH, Cologne, Germany.,King's College London, Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences (CHAPS), London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Aurelio Vaz
- Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marlou L Dirks
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Dick MF, Guglielmo CG. Flight muscle protein damage during endurance flight is related to energy expenditure but not dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in a migratory bird. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:222/5/jeb187708. [PMID: 30824569 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.187708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Migration poses many physiological challenges for birds, including sustaining high intensity aerobic exercise for hours or days. A consequence of endurance flight is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS production may be influenced by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which, although prone to oxidative damage, may limit mitochondrial ROS production and increase antioxidant capacity. We examined how flight muscles manage oxidative stress during flight, and whether dietary long-chain PUFA influence ROS management or damage. Yellow-rumped warblers were fed diets low in PUFA, or high in long-chain n-3 or n-6 PUFA. Flight muscle was sampled from birds in each diet treatment at rest or immediately after flying for up to a maximum of 360 min in a wind tunnel. Flight increased flight muscle superoxide dismutase activity but had no effect on catalase activity. The ratio of glutathione to glutathione disulphide decreased during flight. Oxidative protein damage, indicated by protein carbonyls, increased with flight duration (Pearson r=0.4). Further examination of just individuals that flew for 360 min (N=15) indicates that oxidative damage was related more to total energy expenditure (Pearson r=0.86) than to flight duration itself. This suggests that high quality individuals with higher flight efficiency have not only lower energy costs but also potentially less oxidative damage to repair after arrival at the destination. No significant effects of dietary long-chain PUFA were observed on antioxidants or damage. Overall, flight results in oxidative stress and the degree of damage is likely driven more by energy costs than fatty acid nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morag F Dick
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Christopher G Guglielmo
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7
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Kim H, Kim MC, Asada HH. Extracellular matrix remodelling induced by alternating electrical and mechanical stimulations increases the contraction of engineered skeletal muscle tissues. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2732. [PMID: 30804393 PMCID: PMC6389954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39522-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered skeletal muscles are inferior to natural muscles in terms of contractile force, hampering their potential use in practical applications. One major limitation is that the extracellular matrix (ECM) not only impedes the contraction but also ineffectively transmits the forces generated by myotubes to the load. In the present study, ECM remodelling improves contractile force in a short time, and a coordinated, combined electrical and mechanical stimulation induces the desired ECM remodelling. Notably, the application of single and combined stimulations to the engineered muscles remodels the structure of their ECM networks, which determines the mechanical properties of the ECM. Myotubes in the tissues are connected in parallel and in series to the ECM. The stiffness of the parallel ECM must be low not to impede contraction, while the stiffness of the serial ECM must be high to transmit the forces to the load. Both the experimental results and the mechanistic model suggest that the combined stimulation through coordination reorients the ECM fibres in such a way that the parallel ECM stiffness is reduced, while the serial ECM stiffness is increased. In particular, 3 and 20 minutes of alternating electrical and mechanical stimulations increase the force by 18% and 31%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonyu Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Min-Cheol Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - H Harry Asada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- BioSystem and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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10
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Seo YS, Kim HS, Lee AY, Chun JM, Kim SB, Moon BC, Kwon BI. Codonopsis lanceolata attenuates allergic lung inflammation by inhibiting Th2 cell activation and augmenting mitochondrial ROS dismutase (SOD2) expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2312. [PMID: 30783201 PMCID: PMC6381190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by the inhalation of allergens, which trigger the activation of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells that release Th2 cytokines. Recently, herbal medicines are being considered a major source of novel agents to treat various diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-asthmatic effects of a Codonopsis lanceolata extract (CLE) and the mechanisms involved in its anti-inflammatory effects. Treatment with CLE reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially eosinophils, and the production of mucus in lung tissues. Levels of Th2 cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and chemokines were also decreased following treatment with CLE. Moreover, Th2 cell proportion in vivo and differentiation in vitro were reduced as evidenced by the decreased expression of GATA3+. Furthermore, the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD)2, a mitochondrial ROS (mROS) scavenger, was increased, which was related to Th2 cell regulation. Interestingly, treatment with CLE increased the number of macrophages in the lungs and enhanced the immune-suppressive property of macrophages. Our findings indicate that CLE has potential as a novel therapeutic agent to inhibit Th2 cell differentiation by regulating mROS scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Soo Seo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Seon Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mi Chun
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Bae Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Cheol Moon
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-In Kwon
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Gandra PG, Shiah AA, Nogueira L, Hogan MC. A mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant improves myofilament Ca 2+ sensitivity during prolonged low frequency force depression at low PO2. J Physiol 2018; 596:1079-1089. [PMID: 29334129 DOI: 10.1113/jp275470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Skeletal muscle contractile activity is associated with an enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. At very low PO2, ROS generation by mitochondria can be elevated in intact cells. An elevated intracellular oxidant activity may affect muscle force development and recovery from fatigue. We treated intact single muscle fibres with a mitochondrial antioxidant and stimulated the fibres to contract at a low extracellular PO2 that is similar to the intracellular PO2 that is observed during moderate to intense exercise in vivo. The mitochondrial antioxidant prevented a sustained decrease in the myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity and improved muscle submaximal force development after fatigue at low extracellular PO2. ABSTRACT Skeletal muscle can develop a prolonged low frequency-stimulation force depression (PLFFD) following fatigue-inducing contractions. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the development of PLFFD. During exercise the skeletal muscle intracellular PO2 decreases to relatively low levels, and can be further decreased when there is an impairment in O2 diffusion or availability, such as in certain chronic diseases and during exercise at high altitude. Since ROS generation by mitochondria is elevated at very low PO2 in cells, we tested the hypothesis that treatment of muscle fibres with a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant at a very low, near hypoxic, PO2 can attenuate PLFFD. We treated intact single fibres from mice with the mitochondrial-specific antioxidant SS31, and measured force development and intracellular [Ca2+ ] 30 min after fatigue at an extracellular PO2 of ∼5 Torr. After 30 min following the end of the fatiguing contractions, fibres treated with SS31 showed significantly less impairment in force development compared to untreated fibres at submaximal frequencies of stimulation. The cytosolic peak [Ca2+ ] transients (peak [Ca2+ ]c ) were equally decreased in both groups compared to pre-fatigue values. The combined force and peak [Ca2+ ]c data demonstrated that myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity was diminished in the untreated fibres 30 min after fatigue compared to pre-fatigue values, but Ca2+ sensitivity was unaltered in the SS31 treated fibres. These results demonstrate that at a very low PO2, treatment of skeletal muscle fibres with a mitochondrial antioxidant prevents a decrease in the myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity, which alleviates the fatigue induced PLFFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo G Gandra
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amy A Shiah
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leonardo Nogueira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Hogan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Prasad A, Kumar A, Matsuoka R, Takahashi A, Fujii R, Sugiura Y, Kikuchi H, Aoyagi S, Aikawa T, Kondo T, Yuasa M, Pospíšil P, Kasai S. Real-time monitoring of superoxide anion radical generation in response to wounding: electrochemical study. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3050. [PMID: 28761775 PMCID: PMC5527980 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The growth and development of plants is deleteriously affected by various biotic and abiotic stress factors. Wounding in plants is caused by exposure to environmental stress, mechanical stress, and via herbivory. Typically, oxidative burst in response to wounding is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species, such as the superoxide anion radical (O2•−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and singlet oxygen; however, few experimental studies have provided direct evidence of their detection in plants. Detection of O2•− formation in plant tissues have been performed using various techniques including electron paramagnetic resonance spin-trap spectroscopy, epinephrine-adrenochrome acceptor methods, staining with dyes such as tetrazolium dye and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT); however, kinetic measurements have not been performed. In the current study, we provide evidence of O2•− generation and its kinetics in the leaves of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) subjected to wounding. Methods Real-time monitoring of O2•− generation was performed using catalytic amperometry. Changes in oxidation current for O2•− was monitored using polymeric iron-porphyrin-based modified carbon electrodes (φ = 1 mm) as working electrode with Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode. Result The results obtained show continuous generation of O2•− for minutes after wounding, followed by a decline. The exogenous addition of superoxide dismutase, which is known to dismutate O2•− to H2O2, significantly suppressed the oxidation current. Conclusion Catalytic amperometric measurements were performed using polymeric iron-porphyrin based modified carbon electrode. We claim it to be a useful tool and a direct method for real-time monitoring and precise detection of O2•− in biological samples, with the potential for wide application in plant research for specific and sensitive detection of O2•−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Prasad
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai, Japan
| | - Aditya Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Akemi Takahashi
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujii
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yamato Sugiura
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuo Aikawa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Yuasa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Pavel Pospíšil
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Shigenobu Kasai
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai, Japan
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13
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Qu J, Li Y, Zhong W, Gao P, Hu C. Recent developments in the role of reactive oxygen species in allergic asthma. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:E32-E43. [PMID: 28203435 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.01.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma has a global prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Many environmental factors, such as pollutants and allergens, are highly relevant to allergic asthma. The most important pathological symptom of allergic asthma is airway inflammation. Accordingly, the unique role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) had been identified as a main reason for this respiratory inflammation. Many studies have shown that inhalation of different allergens can promote ROS generation. Recent studies have demonstrated that several pro-inflammatory mediators are responsible for the development of allergic asthma. Among these mediators, endogenous or exogenous ROS are responsible for the airway inflammation of allergic asthma. Furthermore, several inflammatory cells induce ROS and allergic asthma development. Airway inflammation, airway hyper-responsiveness, tissue injury, and remodeling can be induced by excessive ROS production in animal models. Based on investigations of allergic asthma and ROS formation mechanisms, we have identified several novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic treatments. This review describes the recent data linking ROS to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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14
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Ma Y, Zhang JX, Liu YN, Ge A, Gu H, Zha WJ, Zeng XN, Huang M. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester alleviates asthma by regulating the airway microenvironment via the ROS-responsive MAPK/Akt pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 101:163-175. [PMID: 27746262 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the pathophysiology of asthma, structural cell dysfunction and concomitant microenvironment changes in airways are crucial to pathological progression, which involves oxidative stress. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an active anti-oxidative component obtained from propolis, and has been shown to have beneficial effects on several respiratory disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. However, the impact of CAPE on asthma is not well understood. Therefore, this study investigated the advantages of using CAPE to treat asthma and demonstrated the roles of CAPE in the regulation of airway microenvironments. In ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice, CAPE treatments notably reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, attenuated extensive inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibited goblet cell hyperplasia and collagen deposition and fibrosis. In addition, CAPE improved the airway microenvironment in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting OVA-induced increases in immunoglobulin E, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 and suppressing matrix metalloproteinase-9 and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression as well as malondialdehyde production. To determine the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects, we used TNF-α-stimulated BECs and TGF-β1-challenged human ASMCs to explore the impacts of CAPE on pro-inflammatory proteins and ASMC proliferation. The results indicated that CAPE significantly limited the secretion of eotaxin-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and dramatically inhibited the proliferation of ASMCs. These effects were shown to be associated with decreased reactive oxidant species (ROS) levels. The phosphorylation of Akt and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) caused by increased ROS was significantly decreased by CAPE, which implied a contribution of ROS-MAPK/Akt signaling to the attenuation of asthma. Our findings indicated for the first time that CAPE alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in chronic asthma by balancing the airway microenvironment, which highlights a novel profile of CAPE as a potent agent for asthma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jia-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Ya-Nan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Ai Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wang-Jian Zha
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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15
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He F, Li J, Liu Z, Chuang CC, Yang W, Zuo L. Redox Mechanism of Reactive Oxygen Species in Exercise. Front Physiol 2016; 7:486. [PMID: 27872595 PMCID: PMC5097959 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that regular exercise can benefit health by enhancing antioxidant defenses in the body. However, unaccustomed and/or exhaustive exercise can generate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress-related tissue damages and impaired muscle contractility. ROS are produced in both aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Mitochondria, NADPH oxidases and xanthine oxidases have all been identified as potential contributors to ROS production, yet the exact redox mechanisms underlying exercise-induced oxidative stress remain elusive. Interestingly, moderate exposure to ROS is necessary to induce body's adaptive responses such as the activation of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Dietary antioxidant manipulation can also reduce ROS levels and muscle fatigue, as well as enhance exercise recovery. To elucidate the complex role of ROS in exercise, this review updates on new findings of ROS origins within skeletal muscles associated with various types of exercises such as endurance, sprint and mountain climbing. In addition, we will examine the corresponding antioxidant defense systems as well as dietary manipulation against damages caused by ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University-Chico Chico, CA, USA
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Physical Education, Anhui University Anhui, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Affiliated Ezhou Central Hospital at Medical School of Wuhan UniversityHubei, China; Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbus, OH, USA
| | - Chia-Chen Chuang
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbus, OH, USA; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH, USA
| | - Wenge Yang
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences Beijing, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbus, OH, USA; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH, USA
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16
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Panth N, Paudel KR, Parajuli K. Reactive Oxygen Species: A Key Hallmark of Cardiovascular Disease. Adv Med 2016; 2016:9152732. [PMID: 27774507 PMCID: PMC5059509 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9152732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been the prime cause of mortality worldwide for decades. However, the underlying mechanism of their pathogenesis is not fully clear yet. It has been already established that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in the progression of CVDs. ROS are chemically unstable reactive free radicals containing oxygen, normally produced by xanthine oxidase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, lipoxygenases, or mitochondria or due to the uncoupling of nitric oxide synthase in vascular cells. When the equilibrium between production of free radicals and antioxidant capacity of human physiology gets altered due to several pathophysiological conditions, oxidative stress is induced, which in turn leads to tissue injury. This review focuses on pathways behind the production of ROS, its involvement in various intracellular signaling cascades leading to several cardiovascular disorders (endothelial dysfunction, ischemia-reperfusion, and atherosclerosis), methods for its detection, and therapeutic strategies for treatment of CVDs targeting the sources of ROS. The information generated by this review aims to provide updated insights into the understanding of the mechanisms behind cardiovascular complications mediated by ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Panth
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Dhungepatan, Kaski 33701, Nepal
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Dhungepatan, Kaski 33701, Nepal
| | - Kalpana Parajuli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Dhungepatan, Kaski 33701, Nepal
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17
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Ma L, Chuang CC, Weng W, Zhao L, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Zuo L. Paeonol Protects Rat Heart by Improving Regional Blood Perfusion during No-Reflow. Front Physiol 2016; 7:298. [PMID: 27493631 PMCID: PMC4954854 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
No-reflow phenomenon, defined as inadequate perfusion of myocardium without evident artery obstruction, occurs at a high incidence after coronary revascularization. The mechanisms underlying no-reflow is only partially understood. It is commonly caused by the swelling of endothelial cells, neutrophil accumulation, and vasoconstriction, which are all related to acute inflammation. Persistent no-reflow can lead to hospitalization and mortality. However, an effective preventive intervention has not yet been established. We have previously found that paeonol, an active extraction from the root of Paeonia suffruticosa, can benefit the heart function by inhibiting tissue damage after ischemia, reducing inflammation, and inducing vasodilatation. To further investigate the potential cardioprotective action of paeonol on no-reflow, healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 4 h followed by reperfusion for 8 h), and I/R injury pretreated with paeonol at two different doses. Real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography was used to monitor regional blood perfusion and cardiac functions. Our data indicated that paeonol treatment significantly reduces myocardial infarct area and no-reflow area (n = 8; p < 0.05). Regional myocardial perfusion (A·β) and cardiac functions such as ejection fraction, stroke volume, and fractional shortening were elevated by paeonol (n = 8; p < 0.05). Paeonol also lowered the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, cardiac troponin T, and C-reactive protein, as indices of myocardial injury. Paeonol exerts beneficial effects on attenuating I/R-associated no-reflow injuries, and may be considered as a potential preventive treatment for cardiac diseases or post-coronary revascularization in which no-reflow often occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ma
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Chia-Chen Chuang
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbus, OH, USA; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH, USA
| | - Weiliang Weng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiu Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbus, OH, USA; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH, USA
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18
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Emanuele Bianchi V, Falcioni G. Reactive oxygen species, health and longevity. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2016.4.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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19
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He F, Zuo L. Redox Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27770-80. [PMID: 26610475 PMCID: PMC4661917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a major cause of mortality in the world, has been extensively studied over the past decade. However, the exact mechanism underlying its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in the progression of CVD. Particularly, ROS are commonly engaged in developing typical characteristics of atherosclerosis, one of the dominant CVDs. This review will discuss the involvement of ROS in atherosclerosis, specifically their effect on inflammation, disturbed blood flow and arterial wall remodeling. Pharmacological interventions target ROS in order to alleviate oxidative stress and CVD symptoms, yet results are varied due to the paradoxical role of ROS in CVD. Lack of effectiveness in clinical trials suggests that understanding the exact role of ROS in the pathophysiology of CVD and developing novel treatments, such as antioxidant gene therapy and nanotechnology-related antioxidant delivery, could provide a therapeutic advance in treating CVDs. While genetic therapies focusing on specific antioxidant expression seem promising in CVD treatments, multiple technological challenges exist precluding its immediate clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University-Chico, Chico, CA 95929, USA.
| | - Li Zuo
- Molecular Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Lab, Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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20
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Zuo L, Pannell BK. Redox Characterization of Functioning Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2015; 6:338. [PMID: 26635624 PMCID: PMC4649055 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle physiology is influenced by the presence of chemically reactive molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). These molecules regulate multiple redox-sensitive signaling pathways that play a critical role in cellular processes including gene expression and protein modification. While ROS have gained much attention for their harmful effects in muscle fatigue and dysfunction, research has also shown ROS to facilitate muscle adaptation after stressors such as physical exercise. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current understanding of redox signaling in skeletal muscle. ROS-induced oxidative stress and its role in the aging process are discussed. Mitochondria have been shown to generate large amounts of ROS during muscular contractions, and thus are susceptible to oxidative stress. ROS can modify proteins located in the mitochondrial membrane leading to cell death and osmotic swelling. ROS also contribute to the necrosis and inflammation of muscle fibers that is associated with muscular diseases including Duchenne muscular dystrophy. It is imperative that future research continues to investigate the exact role of ROS in normal skeletal muscle function as well as muscular dysfunction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin K Pannell
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus, OH, USA
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21
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Zuo L, Lucas K, Fortuna CA, Chuang CC, Best TM. Molecular Regulation of Toll-like Receptors in Asthma and COPD. Front Physiol 2015; 6:312. [PMID: 26617525 PMCID: PMC4637409 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have both been historically associated with significant morbidity and financial burden. These diseases can be induced by several exogenous factors, such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (e.g., allergens and microbes). Endogenous factors, including reactive oxygen species, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) recognized by toll-like receptors (TLRs), can also result in airway inflammation. Asthma is characterized by the dominant presence of eosinophils, mast cells, and clusters of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells in the airways, while COPD typically results in the excessive formation of neutrophils, macrophages, and CD8+ T cells in the airways. In both asthma and COPD, in the respiratory tract, TLRs are the primary proteins of interest associated with the innate and adaptive immune responses; hence, multiple treatment options targeting TLRs are being explored in an effort to reduce the severity of the symptoms of these disorders. TLR-mediated pathways for both COPD and asthma have their similarities and differences with regards to cell types and the pro-inflammatory cytotoxins present in the airway. Because of the complex TLR cascade, a variety of treatments have been used to minimize airway hypersensitivity and promote bronchodilation. Although unsuccessful at completely alleviating COPD and severe asthmatic symptoms, new studies are focused on possible targets within the TLR cascade to ameliorate airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kurt Lucas
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz, Germany
| | - Christopher A Fortuna
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chia-Chen Chuang
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas M Best
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus, OH, USA
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22
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Ni L, Chuang CC, Zuo L. Fine particulate matter in acute exacerbation of COPD. Front Physiol 2015; 6:294. [PMID: 26557095 PMCID: PMC4617054 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common airway disorder. In particular, acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) can significantly reduce pulmonary function. The majority of AECOPD episodes are attributed to infections, although environmental stress also plays a role. Increasing urbanization and associated air pollution, especially in developing countries, have been shown to contribute to COPD pathogenesis. Elevated levels of particulate matter (PM) in polluted air are strongly correlated with the onset and development of various respiratory diseases. In this review, we have conducted an extensive literature search of recent studies of the role of PM2.5 (fine PM) in AECOPD. PM2.5 leads to AECOPD via inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), immune dysfunction, and altered airway epithelial structure and microbiome. Reducing PM2.5 levels is a viable approach to lower AECOPD incidence, attenuate COPD progression and decrease the associated healthcare burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ni
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China ; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Pudong Meteorological Service Shanghai, China
| | - Chia-Chen Chuang
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
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23
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Liu YN, Zha WJ, Ma Y, Chen FF, Zhu W, Ge A, Zeng XN, Huang M. Galangin attenuates airway remodelling by inhibiting TGF-β1-mediated ROS generation and MAPK/Akt phosphorylation in asthma. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11758. [PMID: 26156213 PMCID: PMC4496730 DOI: 10.1038/srep11758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galangin, a natural flavonol, has attracted much attention for its potential anti-inflammatory properties. However, its role in the regulation of airway remodelling in asthma has not been explored. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of galangin on chronic inflammation and airway remodelling and to investigate the underlying mechanisms both in vivo and in vitro. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitised mice were administered with galangin 30 min before challenge. Our results showed that severe inflammatory responses and airway remodelling occurred in OVA-induced mice. Treatment with galangin markedly attenuated the leakage of inflammatory cells into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and decreased the level of OVA-specific IgE in serum. Galangin significantly inhibited goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition and α-SMA expression. Lowered level of TGF-β1 and suppressed expression of VEGF and MMP-9 were observed in BALF or lung tissue, implying that galangin has an optimal anti-remodelling effect in vivo. Consistently, the TGF-β1-induced proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells was reduced by galangin in vitro, which might be due to the alleviation of ROS levels and inhibition of MAPK pathway. Taken together, the present findings highlight a novel role for galangin as a promising anti-remodelling agent in asthma, which likely involves the TGF-β1-ROS-MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wang-Jian Zha
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei-Fei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ai Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Kacprzak D, Pawliczak R. Does aspirin-induced oxidative stress cause asthma exacerbation? Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:494-504. [PMID: 26170841 PMCID: PMC4495142 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2014.41960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) is a distinct clinical syndrome characterized by severe asthma exacerbations after ingestion of aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The exact pathomechanism of AIA remains unknown, though ongoing research has shed some light. Recently, more and more attention has been focused on the role of aspirin in the induction of oxidative stress, especially in cancer cell systems. However, it has not excluded the similar action of aspirin in other inflammatory disorders such as asthma. Moreover, increased levels of 8-isoprostanes, reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress in expired breath condensate in steroid-naïve patients with AIA compared to AIA patients treated with steroids and healthy volunteers, has been observed. This review is an attempt to cover aspirin-induced oxidative stress action in AIA and to suggest a possible related pathomechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kacprzak
- Department of Immunopathology, Division of Allergology, Immunology and Dermatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Division of Allergology, Immunology and Dermatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Zuo L, Best TM, Roberts WJ, Diaz PT, Wagner PD. Characterization of reactive oxygen species in diaphragm. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:700-10. [PMID: 25330121 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) exist as natural mediators of metabolism to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, ROS production may significantly increase in response to environmental stressors, resulting in extensive cellular damage. Although several potential sources of increased ROS have been proposed, exact mechanisms of their generation have not been completely elucidated. This is particularly true for diaphragmatic skeletal muscle, the key muscle used for respiration. Several experimental models have focused on detection of ROS generation in rodent diaphragm tissue under stressful conditions, including hypoxia, exercise, and heat, as well as ROS formation in single myofibres. Identification methods include direct detection of ROS with confocal or fluorescent microscopy and indirect detection of ROS through end product analysis. This article explores implications of ROS generation and oxidative stress, and also evaluates potential mechanisms of cellular ROS formation in diaphragmatic skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus OH USA
| | - T. M. Best
- Division of Sports Medicine; Department of Family Medicine Sports Health and Performance Institute; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - W. J. Roberts
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus OH USA
| | - P. T. Diaz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus OH USA
| | - P. D. Wagner
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla CA USA
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Zuo L, Diaz PT, Chien MT, Roberts WJ, Kishek J, Best TM, Wagner PD. PO2 cycling reduces diaphragm fatigue by attenuating ROS formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109884. [PMID: 25299212 PMCID: PMC4192541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged muscle exposure to low PO2 conditions may cause oxidative stress resulting in severe muscular injuries. We hypothesize that PO2 cycling preconditioning, which involves brief cycles of diaphragmatic muscle exposure to a low oxygen level (40 Torr) followed by a high oxygen level (550 Torr), can reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as attenuate muscle fatigue in mouse diaphragm under low PO2. Accordingly, dihydrofluorescein (a fluorescent probe) was used to monitor muscular ROS production in real time with confocal microscopy during a lower PO2 condition. In the control group with no PO2 cycling, intracellular ROS formation did not appear during the first 15 min of the low PO2 period. However, after 20 min of low PO2, ROS levels increased significantly by ∼30% compared to baseline, and this increase continued until the end of the 30 min low PO2 condition. Conversely, muscles treated with PO2 cycling showed a complete absence of enhanced fluorescence emission throughout the entire low PO2 period. Furthermore, PO2 cycling-treated diaphragm exhibited increased fatigue resistance during prolonged low PO2 period compared to control. Thus, our data suggest that PO2 cycling mitigates diaphragm fatigue during prolonged low PO2. Although the exact mechanism for this protection remains to be elucidated, it is likely that through limiting excessive ROS levels, PO2 cycling initiates ROS-related antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Philip T. Diaz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Chien
- Department of Biology, Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America
| | - William J. Roberts
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Juliana Kishek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Thomas M. Best
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Peter D. Wagner
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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Grasa J, Sierra M, Muñoz MJ, Soteras F, Osta R, Calvo B, Miana-Mena FJ. On simulating sustained isometric muscle fatigue: a phenomenological model considering different fiber metabolisms. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2014; 13:1373-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-014-0579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Golub AS, Pittman RN. Bang-bang model for regulation of local blood flow. Microcirculation 2014; 20:455-83. [PMID: 23441827 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The classical model of metabolic regulation of blood flow in muscle tissue implies the maintenance of basal tone in arterioles of resting muscle and their dilation in response to exercise and/or tissue hypoxia via the evoked production of vasodilator metabolites by myocytes. A century-long effort to identify specific metabolites responsible for explaining active and reactive hyperemia has not been successful. Furthermore, the metabolic theory is not compatible with new knowledge on the role of physiological radicals (e.g., nitric oxide, NO, and superoxide anion, O2 (-) ) in the regulation of microvascular tone. We propose a model of regulation in which muscle contraction and active hyperemia are considered the physiologically normal state. We employ the "bang-bang" or "on/off" regulatory model which makes use of a threshold and hysteresis; a float valve to control the water level in a tank is a common example of this type of regulation. Active bang-bang regulation comes into effect when the supply of oxygen and glucose exceeds the demand, leading to activation of membrane NADPH oxidase, release of O2 (-) into the interstitial space and subsequent neutralization of the interstitial NO. Switching arterioles on/off when local blood flow crosses the threshold is realized by a local cell circuit with the properties of a bang-bang controller, determined by its threshold, hysteresis, and dead-band. This model provides a clear and unambiguous interpretation of the mechanism to balance tissue demand with a sufficient supply of nutrients and oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander S Golub
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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29
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Zuo L, Hallman AH, Roberts WJ, Wagner PD, Hogan MC. Superoxide release from contracting skeletal muscle in pulmonary TNF-α overexpression mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 306:R75-81. [PMID: 24196666 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00425.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often results in increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a proinflammatory cytokine, which circulates in the blood. However, it is not clear whether pulmonary TNF-α overexpression (a COPD mimic) induces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in skeletal muscle and thereby may contribute to the muscle impairment often seen in COPD. We hypothesized that ROS generation in contracting skeletal muscle is elevated when there is TNF-α overproduction in the lung and that this can induce muscle dysfunction. Cytochrome c (cyt c) in the perfusate was used to assay superoxide (O2(·-)) release from isolated contracting soleus muscles from transgenic mice of pulmonary TNF-α overexpression (Tg(+)) and wild-type (WT) mice. Our results showed that Tg(+) muscle released significantly higher levels of O2(·-) than WT during a period of intense contractile activity (in nmol/mg wt; 17.5 ± 2.3 vs. 4.4 ± 1.3, respectively; n = 5; P < 0.05). In addition, the soleus muscle demonstrated a significantly reduced fatigue resistance in Tg(+) mice compared with WT mice. Perfusion of the contracting soleus muscle with superoxide dismutase, which specifically scavenges O2(·-) in the perfusate, resulted in significantly less cyt c reduction, thereby indicating that the type of ROS released from the Tg(+) muscles is O2(·-). Our results demonstrate that pulmonary TNF-α overexpression leads to a greater O2(·-) release from contracting soleus muscle in Tg(+) compared with WT and that the excessive formation of O2(·-) in the contracting muscle of Tg(+) mice leads to earlier fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Sloboda DD, Brooks SV. Reactive oxygen species generation is not different during isometric and lengthening contractions of mouse muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 305:R832-9. [PMID: 23948772 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00299.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles can be injured by lengthening contractions, when the muscles are stretched while activated. Lengthening contractions produce structural damage that leads to the degeneration and regeneration of damaged muscle fibers by mechanisms that have not been fully elucidated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated at the time of injury may initiate degenerative or regenerative processes. In the present study we hypothesized that lengthening contractions that damage the muscle would generate more ROS than isometric contractions that do not cause damage. To test our hypothesis, we subjected muscles of mice to lengthening contractions or isometric contractions and simultaneously monitored intracellular ROS generation with the fluorescent indicator 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (CM-DCFH), which is oxidized by ROS to form the fluorescent product CM-DCF. We found that CM-DCF fluorescence was not different during or shortly after lengthening contractions compared with isometric controls, regardless of the amount of stretch and damage that occurred during the lengthening contractions. The only exception was that after severe stretches, the increase in CM-DCF fluorescence was impaired. We conclude that lengthening contractions that damage the muscle do not generate more ROS than isometric contractions that do not cause damage. The implication is that ROS generated at the time of injury are not the initiating signals for subsequent degenerative or regenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcée D Sloboda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
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31
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Molecular mechanisms of reactive oxygen species-related pulmonary inflammation and asthma. Mol Immunol 2013; 56:57-63. [PMID: 23665383 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a highly relevant disorder that can be induced by many environmental factors such as allergens and pollutants. One of the most critical pathological symptoms of asthma is airway inflammation. In order to identify a cause of respiratory inflammation, we thoroughly examine the unique role of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Evidence supports that the inhalation of aggravating compounds such as allergens can promote the increased generation of ROS. Accordingly, ROS have a proven role in the cellular signaling cascades of many respiratory diseases that cause respiratory inflammation, including asthma. Although there is no known cure for asthma, current treatments effectively lessen the inflammation symptom. Based on the investigations of asthma pathogenesis and the mechanism of ROS formation, we have identified several novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic treatments, shedding light on a fundamental understanding for the cure of this disorder. In this review, we will outline the pathogenesis of asthma and its relationship to ROS, oxidative stress, and pulmonary inflammation.
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Zuo L, Shiah A, Roberts WJ, Chien MT, Wagner PD, Hogan MC. Low Po₂ conditions induce reactive oxygen species formation during contractions in single skeletal muscle fibers. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 304:R1009-16. [PMID: 23576612 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00563.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Contractions in whole skeletal muscle during hypoxia are known to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, identification of real-time ROS formation within isolated single skeletal muscle fibers has been challenging. Consequently, there is no convincing evidence showing increased ROS production in intact contracting fibers under low Po₂ conditions. Therefore, we hypothesized that intracellular ROS generation in single contracting skeletal myofibers increases during low Po₂ compared with a value approximating normal resting Po₂. Dihydrofluorescein was loaded into single frog (Xenopus) fibers, and fluorescence was used to monitor ROS using confocal microscopy. Myofibers were exposed to two maximal tetanic contractile periods (1 contraction/3 s for 2 min, separated by a 60-min rest period), each consisting of one of the following treatments: high Po₂ (30 Torr), low Po₂ (3-5 Torr), high Po₂ with ebselen (antioxidant), or low Po₂ with ebselen. Ebselen (10 μM) was administered before the designated contractile period. ROS formation during low Po₂ treatment was greater than during high Po₂ treatment, and ebselen decreased ROS generation in both low- and high-Po₂ conditions (P < 0.05). ROS accumulated at a faster rate in low vs. high Po₂. Force was reduced >30% for each condition except low Po₂ with ebselen, which only decreased ~15%. We concluded that single myofibers under low Po₂ conditions develop accelerated and more oxidative stress than at Po₂ = 30 Torr (normal human resting Po₂). Ebselen decreases ROS formation in both low and high Po₂, but only mitigates skeletal muscle fatigue during reduced Po₂ conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Zuo L, Hallman AH, Yousif MK, Chien MT. Oxidative stress, respiratory muscle dysfunction, and potential therapeutics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-012-1251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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