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Coavoy-Sanchez SA, da Costa Marques LA, Costa SKP, Muscara MN. Role of Gasotransmitters in Inflammatory Edema. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:272-291. [PMID: 36974358 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are, to date, the identified members of the gasotransmitter family, which consists of gaseous signaling molecules that play central roles in the regulation of a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, including inflammatory edema. Recent Advances: Recent studies show the potential anti-inflammatory and antiedematogenic effects of NO-, CO-, and H2S-donors in vivo. In general, it has been observed that the therapeutical effects of NO-donors are more relevant when administered at low doses at the onset of the inflammatory process. Regarding CO-donors, their antiedematogenic effects are mainly associated with inhibition of proinflammatory mediators (such as inducible NO synthase [iNOS]-derived NO), and the observed protective effects of H2S-donors seem to be mediated by reducing some proinflammatory enzyme activities. Critical Issues: The most recent investigations focus on the interactions among the gasotransmitters under different pathophysiological conditions. However, the biochemical/pharmacological nature of these interactions is neither general nor fully understood, although specifically dependent on the site where the inflammatory edema occurs. Future Directions: Considering the nature of the involved mechanisms, a deeper knowledge of the interactions among the gasotransmitters is mandatory. In addition, the development of new pharmacological tools, either donors or synthesis inhibitors of the three gasotransmitters, will certainly aid the basic investigations and open new strategies for the therapeutic treatment of inflammatory edema. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 272-291.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soraia Katia Pereira Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nicolas Muscara
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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2
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da Rocha EMT, Bracht L, Gonçalves OH, Leimann FV, Ames FQ, Schneider LCL, Duda JV, Cardia GFE, Bonetti CI, Cuman RKN, Bersani-Amado CA. Development and characterization of trans-anethole-containing solid lipid microparticles: antiinflammatory and gastroprotective effects in experimental inflammation. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:469-484. [PMID: 36385686 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study prepared, optimized, and characterized solid lipid microparticles that contained trans-anethole (SLMAN), evaluated their antiinflammatory activity in acute and chronic inflammation models, and investigated their effects on the gastric mucosa in arthritic rats. The microparticles were obtained by a hot homogenization process and characterized by physicochemical analyses. The acute inflammatory response was induced by an intradermal injection of 0.1 ml of carrageenan solution (200 μg) in the hind paw. The rats were treated orally with a single dose of SLMAN 1 h before induction of the inflammatory response. The chronic inflammatory response was induced by the subcutaneous application of 0.1 ml of complete Freund's adjuvant suspension (500 µg) in the hind paw. SLMAN was orally administered, starting on the day of arthritis induction, and continued for 21 days. The results showed that SLMAN was obtained with good encapsulation efficiency. Treatment with SLMAN at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg was as effective as trans-anethole (AN) at a dose of 250 mg/kg on acute and chronic inflammatory responses. Histological analyses showed that treatment with SLMAN did not aggravate lesions in the gastric mucosa in arthritic rats. These results indicated that treatment with SLMAN at a dose that was 5-10 times lower than non-encapsulated AN exerted an inhibitory effect on acute and chronic inflammatory responses, suggesting the better bioavailability and efficacy of microencapsulated AN without aggravating lesions in the gastric mucosa in arthritic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edvalkia Magna Teobaldo da Rocha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Lívia Bracht
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Odinei Hess Gonçalves
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), BR 369, Km 0.5, POBox 271, Campo Mourão, PR, 87301-006, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Vitória Leimann
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), BR 369, Km 0.5, POBox 271, Campo Mourão, PR, 87301-006, Brazil
| | - Franciele Queiroz Ames
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Larissa Carla Lauer Schneider
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - João Victor Duda
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fernando Esteves Cardia
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Carla Indianara Bonetti
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil.
| | - Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-Amado
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil
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3
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Kosutova P, Nemcova N, Kolomaznik M, Mokra D, Calkovska A, Mikolka P. Time-Dependent Oxidative Alterations in Plasma and Lung Tissue after Meconium Aspiration in a Rabbit Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010037. [PMID: 36670899 PMCID: PMC9854924 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirated meconium into a newborn's airways induces the transcription of pro-oxidative mediators that cooperate in the pathogenesis of inflammatory changes and may negatively affect the commonly used exogenous surfactant therapy. However, inflammation is not treated at present, nor is the time dependence of oxidative damage known. The aim of our study was to describe the time course of oxidative stress marker production during meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) and its relationship to leukocyte infiltration. New Zealand rabbits were instilled with saline or meconium suspension and ventilated for 5.5 h. Respiratory parameters were recorded and blood samples were taken before meconium application and in time intervals of 15 and 30 min, 1.0, 1.5, 3.5 and 5.5 h after application to evaluate oxidative markers and differential leukocytes count. Meconium aspiration led to a worsening of respiratory parameters and a decrease in leukocytes in the first 15 min. Changes in leukocytes were correlated both with nitrotyrosine (3NT) levels and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels, with the latter also related to changes in neutrophil count. The production of 3NT and TBARS increased in 1.5 and 3.5 h, respectively, in different ways, suggesting more than one source of oxidative agents and a potential risk of exogenous surfactant inactivation in a short time. We observed that MAS triggered neutrophil migration to the alveolar space and activation, as shown by the increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and generation of indicators of oxidative damage to proteins and lipids during the time period when iNOS and NO metabolites were released.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kosutova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Nikolett Nemcova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Maros Kolomaznik
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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4
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Wang K, Wang Y, Zhang H, Li X, Han W. A review of the synthesis of nitric oxide donor and donor derivatives with pharmacological activities. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:873-883. [PMID: 33845741 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210412161801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is an important effector molecule and signal transduction molecule, which participates in the regulation of multiple functions in organisms, involving a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially playing a very important role in the cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. NO is a gaseous substance with a short half-life in the body and is unstable in aqueous solutions. Therefore, many researchers focus on the release and activity of NO donors and their derivatives. However, NO donors can release free NO or NO analogues under physiological conditions to meet the human need. NO donors can be coupled with the corresponding active basic nucleus, so that they have the biological activity derived from both the basic nucleus and the NO donors, thus performing better bioactivity. This paper reviewed the routes of synthesis and advance activities of NO donor derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Hualin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Weina Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
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5
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Kotsiou OS, Gourgoulianis KI, Zarogiannis SG. The role of nitric oxide in pleural disease. Respir Med 2021; 179:106350. [PMID: 33662805 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) regulates various physiological and pathophysiological functions in the lungs. However, there is much less information about the effects of NO in the pleura. The present review aimed to explore the available evidence regarding the role of NO in pleural disease. NO, has a double-edged role in the pleural cavity. It is an essential signaling molecule mediating various physiological cell functions such as lymphatic drainage of the serous cavities, the immune response to intracellular multiplication of pathogens, and downregulation of neutrophil migration, but also induces genocytotoxic and mutagenic effects when present in excess. NO is implicated in the pathogenesis of asbestos-related or exudative pleural disease and mesothelioma. From a clinical point of view, the fraction of exhaled NO has been suggested as a potential non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of benign asbestos-related disorders. Under experimental conditions, NO-mimetics were found to attenuate hypoxia-induced therapy resistance in mesothelioma. Similarly, hybrid agents consisting of an NO donor coupled with a parent anti-inflammatory drug showed an enhancement of the anti-inflammatory activity of anti-inflammatory drugs. However, given the paucity of research work performed over the last years in this area, further research should be undertaken to establish reliable conclusions with respect to the feasibility of determining or targeting the NO signaling pathway for pleural disease diagnosis and therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania S Kotsiou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500, Larissa, Greece
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6
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Ki KK, Millar JE, Langguth D, Passmore MR, McDonald CI, Shekar K, Shankar-Hari M, Cho HJ, Suen JY, Fraser JF. Current Understanding of Leukocyte Phenotypic and Functional Modulation During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Narrative Review. Front Immunol 2021; 11:600684. [PMID: 33488595 PMCID: PMC7821656 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.600684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of leukocyte modulations have been reported in critically ill patients. Critical illnesses such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and cardiogenic shock, which potentially require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, are associated with changes in leukocyte numbers, phenotype, and functions. The changes observed in these illnesses could be compounded by exposure of blood to the non-endothelialized surfaces and non-physiological conditions of ECMO. This can result in further leukocyte activation, increased platelet-leukocyte interplay, pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant state, alongside features of immunosuppression. However, the effects of ECMO on leukocytes, in particular their phenotypic and functional signatures, remain largely overlooked, including whether these changes have attributable mortality and morbidity. The aim of our narrative review is to highlight the importance of studying leukocyte signatures to better understand the development of complications associated with ECMO. Increased knowledge and appreciation of their probable role in ECMO-related adverse events may assist in guiding the design and establishment of targeted preventative actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina K Ki
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Millar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Daman Langguth
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy, and Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Margaret R Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Charles I McDonald
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Anaesthesia and Perfusion, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kiran Shekar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Adult Intensive Care Service, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Manu Shankar-Hari
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hwa Jin Cho
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Chonnam National University Children's Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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7
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Iwata M, Inoue T, Asai Y, Hori K, Fujiwara M, Matsuo S, Tsuchida W, Suzuki S. The protective role of localized nitric oxide production during inflammation may be mediated by the heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide pathway. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 23:100790. [PMID: 32760814 PMCID: PMC7390790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important part of the host defense mechanism; however, it displays both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties depending on its location and concentration. Importantly, excessive or inappropriate NO production can cause tissue damage. Systemic and local administration of NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors ameliorates and may exacerbate the inflammatory response, respectively. Here, we used a carrageenan-induced pleurisy model of acute inflammation in rats to confirm the location-dependent effects of NO and investigate the underlying mechanisms. As expected, localized suppression of NO production exacerbated inflammation, as evidenced by increased pleural exudate volumes and leukocyte counts and enhanced activity of enzymes related to oxidative stress. In contrast, local NO supplementation reduced leukocyte infiltration, vascular permeability, and the activity of oxidative stress-related enzymes. Interestingly, inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) reversed the anti-inflammatory effects of localized NO production, while the addition of hemin (HO-1 substrate) or carbon monoxide (CO; HO-1 metabolite) decreased leukocyte migration and exudation. Together, these findings confirm a protective role for NO at the inflammatory site, which appears to be mediated via NOS induction of the HO-1/CO pathway. Thus, NO supplementation may be a potential new treatment for oxidative stress-associated inflammatory diseases. Systemic NOS inhibition ameliorated inflammation in a rat Cg-induced pleurisy model. Conversely, localized NOS inhibition increased all examined markers of inflammation. HO-1, hemin, and CO enhanced the localized anti-inflammatory effects of NO. NOC-18, l-arginine, hemin, and CORM-3 decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines. The localized anti-inflammatory effect of NO may be mediated via the HO-1/CO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Iwata
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, 26-2 Higashihaemi-cho, Handa, Aichi, 475-0012, Japan.,Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Takayuki Inoue
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yuji Asai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, 26-2 Higashihaemi-cho, Handa, Aichi, 475-0012, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Hori
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujiwara
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-8673, Japan.,Kamiiida Rehabilitation Hospital, 3-57 Kamiiida Kita-machi, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-0802, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsuo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, 26-2 Higashihaemi-cho, Handa, Aichi, 475-0012, Japan
| | - Wakako Tsuchida
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 761-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Suzuki
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Asahi University, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
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8
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Fagone P, Mazzon E, Bramanti P, Bendtzen K, Nicoletti F. Gasotransmitters and the immune system: Mode of action and novel therapeutic targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 834:92-102. [PMID: 30016662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are a group of gaseous molecules, with pleiotropic biological functions. These molecules include nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO). Abnormal production and metabolism of these molecules have been observed in several pathological conditions. The understanding of the role of gasotransmitters in the immune system has grown significantly in the past years, and independent studies have shed light on the effect of exogenous and endogenous gasotransmitters on immune responses. Moreover, encouraging results come from the efficacy of NO-, CO- and H2S -donors in preclinical animal models of autoimmune, acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. To date, data on the influence of gasotransmitters in immunity and immunopathology are often scattered and partial, and the scarcity of clinical trials using NO-, CO- and H2S -donors, reveals that more effort is warranted. This review focuses on the role of gasotransmitters in the immune system and covers the evidences on the possible use of gasotransmitters for the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Klaus Bendtzen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Potential anti-inflammatory effect of LQFM-021 in carrageenan-induced inflammation: The role of nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide 2017; 69:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Adefegha SA, Rosa Leal DB, Olabiyi AA, Oboh G, Castilhos LG. Hesperidin attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in pleural exudates and liver of rat model of pleurisy. Redox Rep 2017; 22:563-571. [DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2017.1344013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha
- Department of Biochemistry, Functional Food and Nutraceutical Unit, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniela Bitencourt Rosa Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ayodeji Augustine Olabiyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Functional Food and Nutraceutical Unit, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Department of Biochemistry, Functional Food and Nutraceutical Unit, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Livia Gelain Castilhos
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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11
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Neovestitol, an isoflavonoid isolated from Brazilian red propolis, reduces acute and chronic inflammation: involvement of nitric oxide and IL-6. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36401. [PMID: 27819273 PMCID: PMC5098247 DOI: 10.1038/srep36401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflavonoids have been largely studied due to their distinct biological activities identified thus far. Herein, we evaluated the activity of neovestitol, an isoflavonoid isolated from Brazilian red propolis, in acute and chronic inflammation. As for acute inflammation, we found that neovestitol reduced neutrophil migration, leukocyte rolling and adhesion, as well as expression of ICAM-1 in the mesenteric microcirculation during lipopolysaccharide-induced acute peritonitis. No changes were observed in the levels of TNF-α, CXCL1/KC and CXCL2/MIP-2 upon pretreatment with neovestitol. The administration of an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor abolished the inhibitory effects of neovestitol in neutrophil migration and ICAM-1 expression. Nitrite levels increased upon treatment with neovestitol. No effects of neovestitol were observed on the chemotaxis of neutrophils in vitro. As for chronic inflammation, neovestitol also reduced the clinical score and joint damage in a collagen-induced arthritis model. There was no change in the frequency of IL-17-producing TCD4+ cells. In addition, pretreatment with neovestitol reduced the levels of IL-6. These results demonstrate a potential anti-inflammatory activity of neovestitol, which may be useful for therapeutic purposes and/or as a nutraceutical.
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12
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Wisniewski-Rebecca ES, Rocha BA, Wiirzler LA, Cuman RK, Velazquez-Martinez CA, Bersani-Amado CA. Synergistic effects of anethole and ibuprofen in acute inflammatory response. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 242:247-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Silva RO, Damasceno SRB, Brito TV, Dias JM, Fontenele AM, Braúna IS, Júnior JSC, Maciel JS, de Paula RCM, Ribeiro RA, Souza MHLP, Freitas ALP, Medeiros JVR, Silva DC, Barbosa ALR. Polysaccharide fraction isolated from Passiflora edulis inhibits the inflammatory response and the oxidative stress in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1017-27. [PMID: 25808583 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antinociceptive actions of PFPe, a polysaccharide fraction isolated from the dried fruit of the Passiflora edulis. METHODS Animals were pretreated with PFPe (0.3, 1 or 3 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h before induction of paw oedema by carrageenan, histamine, serotonin, compound 48/80 or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Neutrophil migration and vascular permeability were measured after carrageenan injection into the peritoneum, and the action of the PFPe on the tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was also evaluated. To assay nociception, we examined acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced paw licking and response latency in the hot plate test. KEY FINDINGS Pretreatment with PFPe significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced paw oedema. PFPe also reduced paw oedema induced by compound 48/80, histamine, serotonin, and PGE2 and compound 48/80-induced vascular permeability. In addition, PFPe significantly reduced the MPO activity, MDA and GSH concentrations, and IL-1β level. In the nociception tests, PFPe reduced acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced paw licking and did not increase the response latency time. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that PFPe administration reduces the inflammatory response by modulation of the liberation or synthesis of histamine and serotonin, by reduction of neutrophil migration, IL-1β levels, and oxidative stress and nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan O Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Samara R B Damasceno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio V Brito
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jordana M Dias
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Amanda M Fontenele
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Isabela S Braúna
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - José S C Júnior
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jeanny S Maciel
- Laboratory of Polymer, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Regina C M de Paula
- Laboratory of Polymer, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo A Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcellus H L P Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana L P Freitas
- Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jand-Venes R Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Draulio C Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Core of Molecular Ecology (NECMOL), Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - André L R Barbosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
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Boonyarikpunchai W, Sukrong S, Towiwat P. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of rosmarinic acid isolated from Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 124:67-73. [PMID: 24836183 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) was isolated from an ethanolic extract of Thunbergia laurifolia leaves. The antinociceptive activity of RA was assessed in mice using hot-plate, acetic acid-induced writhing, and formalin tests. The anti-inflammatory effects of RA were determined in two mouse models of carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation. Orally administered RA (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) showed significant (p<0.001) antinociceptive activity in the hot-plate test and this effect was reversed by naloxone. RA at doses of 50 and 100mg/kg significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhing by 52% (p<0.01) and 85% (p<0.001), respectively, and RA at 100mg/kg also caused significant inhibition of formalin-induced pain in the early and late phases (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). RA at 100mg/kg significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced paw edema at 3, 4, 5 and 6h after carrageenan injection (p<0.01, p<0.05 p<0.01, and p<0.05, respectively) and showed significant activity against PGE2-induced paw edema. RA at 100mg/kg also inhibited cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that RA possesses both central and peripheral antinociceptive activities and has anti-inflammatory effects against acute and chronic inflammation. While further evaluation regarding the safety profile of RA is needed, these data may provide a basis for the rational use of RA and T. laurifolia for treatment of pain and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanvisa Boonyarikpunchai
- Chulalongkorn University Drug and Health Products Innovation Promotion Center, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pasarapa Towiwat
- Chulalongkorn University Drug and Health Products Innovation Promotion Center, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Effect of estragole on leukocyte behavior and phagocytic activity of macrophages. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:784689. [PMID: 25152763 PMCID: PMC4135144 DOI: 10.1155/2014/784689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Estragole, a chemical constituent of the essential oils of many aromatic plants, is used as flavoring in beverage and food industries. In vivo and in vitro experimental assays have shown that EST has sedative, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anesthetic activity. In this work, we evaluate the effect of EST on leukocyte behavior and phagocytic activity of macrophages. In the peritonitis model, EST (500 and 750 mg/kg) decreased the infiltration of peritoneal exudate leukocytes. In vitro chemotaxis assay showed that EST (3, 10, 30, and 60 μg/mL) inhibited neutrophil migration toward fMLP. In the in vivo microcirculation assay, EST at doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg significantly reduced the number of rolling and adherent leukocytes and at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg decreased number of leukocyte migrated to perivascular tissue. The results showed that EST (3, 10, and 30 μg/mL) was able to stimulate the macrophages phagocytosis but only at concentration of 10 μg/mL promoted an increase in nitric oxide (NO) production. In conclusion, this study showed that EST had potential anti-inflammatory effects, likely by inhibiting leukocyte migration and by stimulating macrophages phagocytosis.
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Anethole and eugenol reduce in vitro and in vivo leukocyte migration induced by fMLP, LTB4, and carrageenan. J Nat Med 2014; 68:567-75. [PMID: 24789168 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-014-0839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of anethole (AN) and eugenol (EUG) on leukocyte migration using in vitro chemotaxis and in situ microcirculation assays. BALB/c mice were used for the in vitro chemotaxis assay, and Wistar rats for the in situ microcirculation assay. We evaluated (a) the in vitro leukocyte migration in response to chemotactic factors (formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine [fMLP] and leukotriene B4 [LTB4]) and (b) the rolling, adhesion, and migration of leukocytes induced by an injection of carrageenan (100 µg/cavity) into the scrotum of the animal. In the in vitro chemotaxis assay, AN and EUG at doses of 1, 3, 9, and 27 µg/ml significantly inhibited leukocyte migration when stimulated by the chemotactic agents fMLP and LTB4. In the in situ microcirculation assay, AN at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg and EUG at a dose of 250 mg/kg significantly decreased the number of leukocytes that rolled, adhered, and migrated to perivascular tissue. The results indicate that AN and EUG exert inhibitory effects on leukocyte migration, highlighting their possible use to diminish excessive leukocyte migration in the inflammatory process.
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Vascular endothelial cells mediate mechanical stimulation-induced enhancement of endothelin hyperalgesia via activation of P2X2/3 receptors on nociceptors. J Neurosci 2013; 33:2849-59. [PMID: 23407944 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3229-12.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is unique among a broad range of hyperalgesic agents in that it induces hyperalgesia in rats that is markedly enhanced by repeated mechanical stimulation at the site of administration. Antagonists to the ET-1 receptors, ET(A) and ET(B), attenuated both initial as well as stimulation-induced enhancement of hyperalgesia (SIEH) by endothelin. However, administering antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to attenuate ET(A) receptor expression on nociceptors attenuated ET-1 hyperalgesia but had no effect on SIEH, suggesting that this is mediated via a non-neuronal cell. Because vascular endothelial cells are both stretch sensitive and express ET(A) and ET(B) receptors, we tested the hypothesis that SIEH is dependent on endothelial cells by impairing vascular endothelial function with octoxynol-9 administration; this procedure eliminated SIEH without attenuating ET-1 hyperalgesia. A role for protein kinase Cε (PKCε), a second messenger implicated in the induction and maintenance of chronic pain, was explored. Intrathecal antisense for PKCε did not inhibit either ET-1 hyperalgesia or SIEH, suggesting no role for neuronal PKCε; however, administration of a PKCε inhibitor at the site of testing selectively attenuated SIEH. Compatible with endothelial cells releasing ATP in response to mechanical stimulation, P2X(2/3) receptor antagonists eliminated SIEH. The endothelium also appears to contribute to hyperalgesia in two ergonomic pain models (eccentric exercise and hindlimb vibration) and in a model of endometriosis. We propose that SIEH is produced by an effect of ET-1 on vascular endothelial cells, sensitizing its release of ATP in response to mechanical stimulation; ATP in turn acts at the nociceptor P2X(2/3) receptor.
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Domiciano TP, Dalalio MMDO, Silva EL, Ritter AMV, Estevão-Silva CF, Ramos FS, Caparroz-Assef SM, Cuman RKN, Bersani-Amado CA. Inhibitory effect of anethole in nonimmune acute inflammation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 386:331-8. [PMID: 23250338 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0820-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Anethole [1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)benzene] occurs naturally as a major component of the essential oil of star anise (Illicium verum Hook.f., family Illiciaceae), comprising more than 90 % of its volatile components. Studies showed that this substance has antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and anesthetic properties. In this study, the anti-inflammatory properties of anethole in animal models of nonimmune acute inflammation such as croton oil-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced pleurisy were investigated. The investigated parameters were edema formation, leukocyte migration, and inflammatory mediators involved. Oral administration of anethole at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg reduced both the volume of pleural exudates and the number of migrated leukocytes. Levels of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PGE2) in the inflammatory exudate were reduced by treatment with anethole, but levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β were not significantly altered. In ear edema, the oral treatment with anethole inhibited the formation of exudate and the activity of myeloperoxidase, but not after topical administration. These results suggest that the anethole may be effective in controlling some nonimmune acute inflammation-related disease, probably by an inhibitory action on production and/or release of PGE2 and NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Perdigão Domiciano
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Zhao J, Fang F, Yu L, Wang G, Yang L. Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Croton crassifolius ethanol extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:367-373. [PMID: 22617377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Croton crassifolius has been used to treat snake bites, stomach ache, sternalgia, joint pain, as well as pharyngitis, jaundice, and rheumatoid arthritis in traditional Chinese medicine. However, there is no scientific evidence which supports the use in the literature. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract of C. crassifolius. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-nociceptive actions of C. crassifolius were assessed in mice using the hot-plate test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, and formalin test. Anti-inflammatory effects of C. crassifolius were determined in three animal models: acetic acid-induced capillary permeability accentuation in mice, carrageenan-induced edema of the hind paw in rats, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in rats. RESULTS Ethanol extract of C. crassifolius showed no significant anti-nociceptive activity in the hot-plate test. However, extract at dosages of 45, 90 and 180 mg/kg significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhing by 28.89% (P<0.05), 38.37% (P<0.05), and 56.53% (P<0.001), respectively. The extract also caused marked dose-related inhibition of formalin-induced pain in the second phase (P<0.05 for 45 mg/kg, P<0.001 for 90 and 180 mg/kg extract). C. crassifolius extract at dosages of 45, 90 and 180 mg/kg significantly reduced acetic acid-induced capillary permeability accentuation in mice by 26.18% (P<0.05), 65.70% (P<0.001), and 79.19% (P<0.001), and suppressed carrageenan-induced paw edema by 21.28% (P<0.05), 30.69% (P<0.01), and 49.17% (P<0.001) at 6 h after carrageenan injection, respectively. 180 mg/kg of the extract also showed significant activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema at 4 h. At 90 and 180 mg/kg, the extract inhibited cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in rats. CONCLUSIONS These results collectively demonstrate that the ethanol extract of C. crassifolius possesses peripheral anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects, providing evidence to rationalize the traditional use of C. crassifolius for the treatment of pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Carrara VDS, Amado CB, de Melo JO, Mandarino JMG, Cortez DAG. Evaluation of soybean methanol fraction on acute inflammation. J Med Food 2011; 14:1570-5. [PMID: 21663519 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybeans have been of interest of researchers because of the presence of isoflavones, a subclass of flavonoids, which have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol fraction from soybean, which contains mainly isoflavone glucosides and malonylglucosides. The anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol fraction from soybean was studied using croton oil-induced mouse ear edema and carrageenan-induced pleurisy models. The methanol fraction inhibited the ear edema in a dose-dependent manner: 0.625 mg/kg by 44.23% (P<.05), 1.25 mg/kg by 60.68% (P<.01), and 2.5 mg/kg by 65.68% (P<.01). Myeloperoxidase enzyme activity was reduced at the dose of 2.5 mg/kg (64.79%, P<.05). No effects were seen on carrageenan-induced pleurisy at different doses of the methanol fraction (100 or 400 mg/kg). These results demonstrated that the methanol fraction containing conjugated isoflavones showed topical anti-inflammatory activity. There was no acute toxicity in Swiss mice after oral administration of the fraction, at doses of 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000 mg/kg.
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