1
|
Königshausen E, Zierhut UM, Ruetze M, Rump LC, Sellin L. A molecular mechanism for angiotensin II receptor blocker-mediated slit membrane protection: Angiotensin II increases nephrin endocytosis via AT1-receptor-dependent ERK 1/2 activation. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70018. [PMID: 39212304 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400369r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Albuminuria is characterized by a disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier, which is composed of the fenestrated endothelium, the glomerular basement membrane, and the slit diaphragm. Nephrin is a major component of the slit diaphragm. Apart from hemodynamic effects, Ang II enhances albuminuria by β-Arrestin2-mediated nephrin endocytosis. Blocking the AT1 receptor with candesartan and irbesartan reduces the Ang II-mediated nephrin-β-Arrestin2 interaction. The inhibition of MAPK ERK 1/2 blocks Ang II-enhanced nephrin-β-Arrestin2 binding. ERK 1/2 signaling, which follows AT1 receptor activation, is mediated by G-protein signaling, EGFR transactivation, and β-Arrestin2 recruitment. A mutant AT1 receptor defective in EGFR transactivation and β-Arrestin2 recruitment reduces the Ang II-mediated increase in nephrin β-Arrestin2 binding. The mutation of β-Arrestin2K11,K12, critical for AT1 receptor binding, completely abrogates the interaction with nephrin, independent of Ang II stimulation. β-Arrestin2K11R,K12R does not influence nephrin cell surface expression. The data presented here deepen our molecular understanding of a blood-pressure-independent molecular mechanism of AT-1 receptor blockers (ARBs) in reducing albuminuria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Königshausen
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulf M Zierhut
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Ruetze
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Lars C Rump
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Lorenz Sellin
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sabarathinam S, Dhanasekaran D, Ganamurali N. Insight on sarcopenic obesity and epicatechin as a promising treatment option. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102856. [PMID: 37742361 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Sarcopenic Obesity (SO) in the elderly population is a complex and multifactorial condition which refers to the loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function associated with aging, while obesity involves excessive adipose tissue accumulation. The simultaneous occurrence of these two conditions presents a unique set of challenges to public health and clinical management. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the use of epicatechin (EC) in the treatment of SO and its related complications. METHOD A survey of studies related to preclinical and clinical evidence of Epicatechin in sarcopenic obesity and its complications was performed in the following database Medline, Scopus, ProQuest, Embase, Web of Science, and Google scholar. Followed by structural activity relationship and pharmacokinetic profile of Epicatechin was discussed in this paper. RESULTS The main pharmacological effect of Epicatechin is myostatin inhibition activity which has been described by both in vitro and in vivo studies earlier. The SO is directly correlated with the alteration of Myostatin. The pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that epicatechin can be a potential candidate in the management of SO and its related complication. CONCLUSION The present review describes the pharmacokinetic profile and structural activity of epicatechin respective to SO and its related complications. The goal of this review is to update the scientific community on the therapeutic potential of epicatechin in SO and age-related factors. Conduction of clinical and pre-clinical trials, also drug dosage optimization may provide with insights on the use of epicatechin in SO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarvesh Sabarathinam
- Drug Testing Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India; Clinical Trial Unit, Metabolic Ward, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India; Certificate Programme-Analytical Techniques in Herbal Drug Industry, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Dhivya Dhanasekaran
- Certificate Programme-Analytical Techniques in Herbal Drug Industry, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Nila Ganamurali
- Certificate Programme-Analytical Techniques in Herbal Drug Industry, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou X, Xiang Y, Li D, Zhong M, Hong X, Gui Y, Min W, Chen Y, Zeng X, Zhu H, Liu Y, Liu S, Yang P, Hou F, Zhou D, Fu H. Limonin, a natural ERK2 agonist, protects against ischemic acute kidney injury. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2860-2878. [PMID: 37324945 PMCID: PMC10266085 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.82417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a refractory clinical syndrome with limited effective treatments. Amid AKI, activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade plays a critical role in promoting kidney repair and regeneration. However, a mature ERK agonist in treating kidney disease remains lacking. This study identified limonin, a member of the class of compounds known as furanolactones, as a natural ERK2 activator. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, we systemically dissected how limonin mitigates AKI. Compared to vehicles, pretreatment of limonin significantly preserved kidney functions after ischemic AKI. We revealed that ERK2 is a significant protein linked to the limonin's active binding sites through structural analysis. The molecular docking study showed a high binding affinity between limonin and ERK2, which was confirmed by the cellular thermal shift assay and microscale thermophoresis. Mechanistically, we further validated that limonin promoted tubular cell proliferation and reduced cell apoptosis after AKI by activating ERK signaling pathway in vivo. In vitro and ex vivo, blockade of ERK abolished limonin's capacity of preventing tubular cell death under hypoxia stress. Our results indicated that limonin is a novel ERK2 activator with strong translational potential in preventing or mitigating AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianke Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yadie Xiang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Dier Li
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Menghua Zhong
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xue Hong
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuan Gui
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Wenjian Min
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yudan Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haili Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Peng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fanfan Hou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao WM, Wang ZJ, Shi R, Zhu Y, Li XL, Wang DG. Analysis of the potential biological mechanisms of diosmin against renal fibrosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking approach. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:157. [PMID: 37179298 PMCID: PMC10182711 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial fibrosis is involved in the progression of various chronic kidney diseases and renal failure. Diosmin is a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic activities. However, whether diosmin protects kidneys by inhibiting renal fibrosis is unknown. METHODS The molecular formula of diosmin was obtained, targets related to diosmin and renal fibrosis were screened, and interactions among overlapping genes were analyzed. Overlapping genes were used for gene function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. TGF-β1 was used to induce fibrosis in HK-2 cells, and diosmin treatment was administered. The expression levels of relevant mRNA were then detected. RESULTS Network analysis identified 295 potential target genes for diosmin, 6828 for renal fibrosis, and 150 hub genes. Protein-protein interaction network results showed that CASP3, SRC, ANXA5, MMP9, HSP90AA1, IGF1, RHOA, ESR1, EGFR, and CDC42 were identified as key therapeutic targets. GO analysis revealed that these key targets may be involved in the negative regulation of apoptosis and protein phosphorylation. KEGG indicated that pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway were key pathways for renal fibrosis treatment. Molecular docking results showed that CASP3, ANXA5, MMP9, and HSP90AA1 stably bind to diosmin. Diosmin treatment inhibited the protein and mRNA levels of CASP3, MMP9, ANXA5, and HSP90AA1. Network pharmacology analysis and experimental results suggest that diosmin ameliorates renal fibrosis by decreasing the expression of CASP3, ANXA5, MMP9, and HSP90AA1. CONCLUSIONS Diosmin has a potential multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway molecular mechanism of action in the treatment of renal fibrosis. CASP3, MMP9, ANXA5, and HSP90AA1 might be the most important direct targets of diosmin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Man Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Juan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuyu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xun-Liang Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - De-Guang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Uddandrao VVS, Parim B, Ramavat R, Pothani S, Vadivukkarasi S, P P, P C, Ganapathy S. Effect of S-allylcysteine against diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-RSK2 signalling pathway in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:213-221. [PMID: 32862702 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1811731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the current study, we evaluated the ameliorative effect of S-allylcysteine (SAC) against streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NAD)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats and also an attempt was made to establish the molecular mechanism of SAC. METHODS DN rats were orally supplemented with SAC (150 mg/kg body weight) for a period of 45 days and the effect of SAC on urinary albumin excretion, metabolic parameters, and tubular injury biomarkers by ELISA, total levels and phosphorylation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, and RSK2 by western blotting analysis in control and experimental rats were assessed. RESULTS From this study, we observed that SAC considerably decreased polydipsia, poly urea, polyphagia, albuminuria and the levels of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, transforming growth factor-β1 and SAC effectively altered the pathological changes in DN rats. SAC also reserved renal cortical phosphorylation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and RSK2. CONCLUSION Hence this study recommended that SAC can successfully protect the DN through regulation of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-RSK2 signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V V Sathibabu Uddandrao
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, India
| | - Brahmanaidu Parim
- National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ravindarnaik Ramavat
- National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Suresh Pothani
- National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, India
| | - S Vadivukkarasi
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, India
| | - Ponmurugan P
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chandrasekaran P
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, India
| | - Saravanan Ganapathy
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alaaeldin R, Bakkar SM, Mohyeldin RH, Ali FEM, Abdel-Maqsoud NMR, Fathy M. Azilsartan Modulates HMGB1/NF-κB/p38/ERK1/2/JNK and Apoptosis Pathways during Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2023; 12:cells12010185. [PMID: 36611978 PMCID: PMC9818604 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is characterized by an unexpected impairment of blood flow to the kidney. Azilsartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker that is approved for the management of hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate, on molecular basics, the nephroprotective activity of azilsartan on renal IR injury in rats. Rats were assigned into four groups: (1) Sham group, (2) Azilsartan group, (3) IR group, and (4) IR/Azilsartan-treated group. Histological examination and renal function were evaluated. Levels of KIM-1, HMGB1, caspase 3, GPX, SOD, NF-κB, and p53 proteins were investigated using ELISA. mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL6, IL10, TNF-α, NF-κB, p53, and bax were assessed by qRT-PCR. Expression of p38, JNK, and ERK1/2 proteins was investigated by Western blotting. IR injury resulted in tissue damage, elevation of creatinine, BUN, KIM-1, HMGB1, caspase 3, NF-κB, and p53 levels, decreasing GPX and SOD activities, and up-regulation of NF-κB, IL-1β, IL6, TNF-α, p53, and bax genes. Furthermore, it up-regulated the expression of phosphorylated/total ratio of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK proteins. Interestingly, treatment of the injured rats with azilsartan significantly alleviated IR injury-induced histopathological and biochemical changes. It reduced the creatinine, BUN, KIM-1, HMGB1, caspase-3, NF-κB, and p53 levels, elevated GPX and SOD activities, down-regulated the expression of NF-κB, IL-1β, IL6, TNF-α, p53, and bax genes, and up-regulated IL10 gene expression. Furthermore, it decreased the phosphorylated/total ratio of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK proteins. Azilsartan exhibited nephroprotective activity in IR-injured rats via its antioxidant effect, suppression of inflammation, attenuation of apoptosis, and inhibition of HMGB1/NF-κB/p38/ERK1/2/JNK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Sally M. Bakkar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Reham H. Mohyeldin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Fares E. M. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | | | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61511, Egypt
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hsu MF, Ito Y, Afkarian M, Haj FG. Deficiency of the Src homology phosphatase 2 in podocytes is associated with renoprotective effects in mice under hyperglycemia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:516. [PMID: 36102977 PMCID: PMC10987040 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction of the glomerular podocytes is a major contributor to the deterioration of renal function in DN. Previously, we demonstrated that podocyte-specific disruption of the Src homology phosphatase 2 (Shp2) ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced renal injury. This study aims to evaluate the contribution of Shp2 to podocyte function under hyperglycemia and explore the molecular underpinnings. We report elevated Shp2 in the E11 podocyte cell line under high glucose and the kidney under streptozotocin- and high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia. Consistently, Shp2 disruption in podocytes was associated with partial renoprotective effects under hyperglycemia, as evidenced by the preserved renal function. At the molecular level, Shp2 deficiency was associated with altered renal insulin signaling and diminished hyperglycemia-induced renal endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Additionally, Shp2 knockdown in E11 podocytes mimicked the in vivo deficiency of this phosphatase and ameliorated the deleterious impact of high glucose, whereas Shp2 reconstitution reversed these effects. Moreover, Shp2 deficiency attenuated high glucose-induced E11 podocyte migration. Further, we identified the protein tyrosine kinase FYN as a putative mediator of Shp2 signaling in podocytes under high glucose. Collectively, these findings suggest that Shp2 inactivation may afford protection to podocytes under hyperglycemia and highlight this phosphatase as a potential target to ameliorate glomerular dysfunction in DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fo Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, and Department of CKD Initiatives/Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Maryam Afkarian
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Fawaz G Haj
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li J, Jin S, Barati MT, Rane S, Lin Q, Tan Y, Cai L, Rane MJ. ERK and p38 MAPK inhibition controls NF-E2 degradation and profibrotic signaling in renal proximal tubule cells. Life Sci 2021; 287:120092. [PMID: 34715142 PMCID: PMC8665041 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) mediates fibrotic manifestations of diabetic nephropathy. We demonstrated proteasomal degradation of anti-fibrotic protein, nuclear factor-erythroid derived 2 (NF-E2), in TGF-β treated human renal proximal tubule (HK-11) cells and in diabetic mouse kidneys. The current study examined the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in mediating NF-E2 proteasomal degradation and stimulating profibrotic signaling in HK-11 cells. Main methods: HK-11 cells were pretreated with vehicle or appropriate proteasome and MAPK inhibitors, MG132 (0.5 μM), SB203580 (1 μM), PD98059 (25 μM) and SP600125 (10 μM), respectively, followed by treatment with/without TGF-β (10 ng/ml, 24 h). Cell lysates and kidney homogenates from FVB and OVE26 mice treated with/without MG132 were immunoblotted with appropriate antibodies. pUse vector and pUse-NF-E2 cDNA were transfected in HK-11 cells and effects of TGF-β on JNK MAPK phosphorylation (pJNK) was examined. Key findings: We demonstrated activation of p38, ERK, and JNK MAPK pathways in TGF-β treated HK-11 cells. Dual p38 and ERK MAPK blockade prevented TGF-β-induced pSer82Hsp27, fibronectin and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression while preserving NF-E2 expression. Blockade of JNK MAPK inhibited TGF-β-induced CTGF expression without preserving NF-E2 expression. MG132 treatment prevented TGF-β-induced pJNK in HK-11 cells and in type 1 diabetic OVE26 mouse kidneys, demonstrating that TGF-β- and diabetes-induced pJNK occurs downstream of proteasome activation. A direct role for NF-E2 in modulating pJNK activation was demonstrated by NF-E2 over-expression. Significance: ERK and p38 MAPK promotes NF-E2 proteasomal degradation while proteasome activation promotes pJNK and profibrotic signaling in renal proximal tubule cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Medicine, Division Nephrology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Department of Nephrology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Shunying Jin
- Department of Medicine, Division Nephrology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Michelle T Barati
- Department of Medicine, Division Nephrology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Sanjana Rane
- Department of Medicine, Division Nephrology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Qian Lin
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Yi Tan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Madhavi J Rane
- Department of Medicine, Division Nephrology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo D, Fan Y, Yue JR, Lin T. A regulatory miRNA-mRNA network is associated with transplantation response in acute kidney injury. Hum Genomics 2021; 15:69. [PMID: 34886903 PMCID: PMC8656037 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening complication characterized by rapid decline in renal function, which frequently occurs after transplantation surgery. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the development of post-transplant (post-Tx) AKI still remains unknown. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that certain microRNAs (miRNAs) exert crucial functions in AKI. The present study sought to elucidate the molecular mechanisms in post-Tx AKI by constructing a regulatory miRNA–mRNA network. Results Based on two datasets (GSE53771 and GSE53769), three key modules, which contained 55 mRNAs, 76 mRNAs, and 151 miRNAs, were identified by performing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The miRDIP v4.1 was applied to predict the interactions of key module mRNAs and miRNAs, and the miRNA–mRNA pairs with confidence of more than 0.2 were selected to construct a regulatory miRNA–mRNA network by Cytoscape. The miRNA–mRNA network consisted of 82 nodes (48 mRNAs and 34 miRNAs) and 125 edges. Two miRNAs (miR-203a-3p and miR-205-5p) and ERBB4 with higher node degrees compared with other nodes might play a central role in post-Tx AKI. Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that this network was mainly involved in kidney-/renal-related functions and PI3K–Akt/HIF-1/Ras/MAPK signaling pathways. Conclusion We constructed a regulatory miRNA–mRNA network to provide novel insights into post-Tx AKI development, which might help discover new biomarkers or therapeutic drugs for enhancing the ability for early prediction and intervention and decreasing mortality rate of AKI after transplantation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40246-021-00363-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duan Guo
- Department of Palliative Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Palliative Medicine Research Center, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ji-Rong Yue
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ruiz-Ramirez C, Antaño-Martinez AR, Robles J, Gallegos-Corona MA, Gallegos-Reyes MA, Avila EE, Martinez-Alfaro M. Correlation between urinary KIM-1 and kidney protein expression of p-ERK following damage in rats exposed to gentamicin or lead acetate. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22875. [PMID: 34350654 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a membrane receptor upregulated in the proximal tubule cells following various types of kidney injuries. Notably, studies have suggested a correlation between KIM-1 expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the kidney overexpression pattern of cytoplasmic phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK) protein and increased urinary KIM-1 levels in rats exposed to gentamicin or lead acetate, both at the end of toxic exposure and after a 4-week recovery period. Although other proteins were evaluated, only kidney overexpression of cytoplasmic p-ERK protein correlated with increased urinary KIM-1 levels. For both toxic substances, the increased urinary KIM-1 levels corresponded with kidney inflammation. Our results suggest that KIM-1 and p-ERK share a common mechanism in kidney injury mediated by both toxic substances that induce proximal tubule damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juvencio Robles
- Pharmacy Department, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | | | - Eva E Avila
- Biology Department, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rahimi MM, Bagheri A, Bagheri Y, Fathi E, Bagheri S, Nia AV, Jafari S, Montazersaheb S. Renoprotective effects of prazosin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1263-1273. [PMID: 33559503 DOI: 10.1177/0960327121993224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the main leading causes of acute kidney injury associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. We studied the effects of prazosin, as a specific blocker of α1-AR, on renal IR injury. METHODS Rats were divided into normal control; untreated IR and prazosin-treated IR (1 mg/kg body weight). Prazosin was administered by intraperitoneal injection 30 min prior to IR induction. The level of urea/creatinine and oxidative factors were detected by colorimetric methods. Apoptosis-associated factors, inflammatory, and signaling proteins were analyzed in renal tissue. The abnormalities of renal histopathology were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Administration of prazosin to IR rats ameliorated serum urea and creatinine and IR-induced histopathological damages. Lipid peroxidation was significantly improved after treatment by prazosin in IR injury rats, however, antioxidant status was not affected. Rats subjected to IR injury activated Bax protein and NF-κB mediated inflammatory response. Moreover, treatment with prazosin inhibited renal NF-κB activation, resulting in a significant decline in pro-inflammatory cytokine of IL-6. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that prazosin could be a good candidate to attenuate renal IR injury due to its ability to modulate renal function, apoptosis and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahimi
- Kidney Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A Bagheri
- Department of Urology, Sina Hospital, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Y Bagheri
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, 201583Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - E Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 56947University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Bagheri
- 475027Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A V Nia
- 475027Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Jafari
- Kidney Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Diabetes Mellitus Promotes Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in Mouse Ureteral Tissue through the P-ERK/P-JNK/VEGF/PKC Signaling Pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57060560. [PMID: 34206139 PMCID: PMC8230221 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57060560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of diabetes mellitus (DM) as a significant factor affecting spontaneous stone expulsion, as suggested by previous research. Materials and methods: We investigated the influence of DM on the ureter using a murine model. The mouse-model arm of this study used 20 15 -week-old mice, including 10 normal (control) mice and 10 DM mice. We measured the proximal, middle and distal ureteral smooth muscle thickness in each mouse and the differences among ureteral sections were analyzed. Mouse ureteral specimens were also analyzed via western blotting to detect relative protein expression of phosphor–extracellular signal regulated kinases (P–ERK), phosphor–C–Jun N–terminal kinase (P–JNK), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and protein kinase C (PKC), which are representative factors involved in cell regulation. Results: We observed significant hyperproliferation of ureteral smooth muscle in DM mice compared to normal mice, which may provoke reduced peristalsis. The ureteral smooth muscle of DM mice was significantly thicker than that of normal mice in all ureteral tissues: proximal (p = 0.040), mid (p = 0.010), and distal (p = 0.028). The relative protein expression of P-ERK (p = 0.005) and P–JNK (p = 0.001) was higher in the diabetic group compared to the normal group. Additionally, protein expression of VEGF (p = 0.002) and PKC (p = 0.001) were remarkably up-regulated in DM mice. Conclusions: Hyperproliferation of ureteral smooth muscle was observed in DM mice, but not in normal mice. The pathways mediated by P–ERK, P–JNK, VEGF, and PKC may play an important role in pathological ureteral conditions.
Collapse
|
13
|
Guo W, Wang Q, Pan S, Li J, Wang Y, Shu Y, Chen J, Wang Q, Zhang S, Zhang X, Yue J. The ERK1/2-ATG13-FIP200 signaling cascade is required for autophagy induction to protect renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6932-6947. [PMID: 33682133 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, is known to regulate a variety of physiological and pathological processes. At present, the function and the precise mechanism of autophagy regulation in kidney and renal cells remain elusive. Here, we explored the role of ERK1 and ERK2 (referred as ERK1/2 hereafter) in autophagy regulation in renal cells in response to hypoglycemia. Glucose starvation potently and transiently activated ERK1/2 in renal cells, and this was concomitant with an increase in autophagic flux. Perturbing ERK1/2 activation by treatment with inhibitors of RAF or MEK1/2, via the expression of a dominant-negative mutant form of MEK1/2 or RAS, blocked hypoglycemia-mediated ERK1/2 activation and autophagy induction in renal cells. Glucose starvation also induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in renal cells, which was involved in the activation of the ERK1/2 cascade and the induction of autophagy in renal cells. Interestingly, ATG13 and FIP200, the members of the ULK1 complex, contain the ERK consensus phosphorylation sites, and glucose starvation induced an association between ATG13 or FIP200 and ERK1/2. Moreover, the expression of the phospho-defective mutants of ATG13 and FIP200 in renal cells blocked glucose starvation-induced autophagy and rendered cells more susceptible to hypoglycemia-induced cell death. However, the expression of the phospho-mimic mutants of ATG13 and FIP200 induced autophagy and protected renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death. Taken together, our results demonstrate that hypoglycemia activates the ERK1/2 signaling to regulate ATG13 and FIP200, thereby stimulating autophagy to protect the renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shihua Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yahai Shu
- Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaheng Chen
- Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qizheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Yue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tan X, Tao Q, Li G, Xiang L, Zheng X, Zhang T, Wu C, Li D. Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Attenuates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:147. [PMID: 32266254 PMCID: PMC7105877 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical disease that is mainly caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, sepsis, and nephrotoxic drugs. The pathologic mechanism of AKI is very complex and may involve oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is a canonic member of the FGF family that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including organ development, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. However, few studies have reported the potential therapeutic effect of FGF2 in the repair of renal ischemic injury in the past two decades. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of FGF2 on renal I/R injury using Sprague-Dawley and NRK-52E cells. Our results showed that FGF2 significantly attenuates the apoptosis of kidney tissues after I/R injury through the inhibition of excessive ER stress. Moreover, FGF2 also alleviated the excessive ER stress and apoptosis in cultured NRK-52E cells injured by tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Significantly, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-selective inhibitor LY294002 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)-selective inhibitor U0126 were utilized in the present study to examine the protective mechanism of FGF2. Our in vitro experimental results confirmed that both LY294002 and U0126 largely abolished the protective effect of FGF2. Taken together, the findings of the present study indicated that FGF2 attenuates I/R-induced renal epithelial apoptosis by suppressing excessive ER stress via the activation of the PI3K/AKT and MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Tan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianyu Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Beilun District People's Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Guixiu Li
- Outpatient Operating Room, Jiaozhou Central Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijun Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Beilun District People's Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuijiao Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dequan Li
- Department of Traumatology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu Z, Zhu X, Wang M, Lu Y, Dai C. FGF/FGFR2 Protects against Tubular Cell Death and Acute Kidney Injury Involving Erk1/2 Signaling Activation. KIDNEY DISEASES 2020; 6:181-194. [PMID: 32523960 DOI: 10.1159/000505661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are heparin-binding proteins involved in a variety of biological processes, and part of them may act through binding with cell membrane receptor FGFR2. Objectives To clarify the role and mechanisms of FGFR2 signaling in tubular cell survival and acute kidney injury (AKI). Method In this study, kidney ischemia/reperfusion (IR) or cisplatin injection was used to induce AKI in mice. Results In the kidneys after IR or cisplatin injection, the expression of FGFs and Erk1/2 phosphorylation were elevated. To investigate the role of FGFs in tubular cell survival and AKI, a mouse model with tubular cell specific FGFR2 gene disruption was generated. The knockouts were born normal. At 2 months of age, about one-third of the knockouts developed mild hydronephrosis. Ablation of FGFR2 in tubular cells aggravated acute kidney dysfunction as well as tubular cell apoptosis induced by IR or cisplatin. In addition, Erk1/2 phosphorylation was less in the knockout kidneys than in control littermates at day 1 after cisplatin injection. In cultured NRK-52E cells, recombinant FGF2 protein induced Erk1/2 phosphorylation and inhibited cisplatin-induced cell death. PD98059 abolished Erk1/2 phosphorylation and partly reversed the protective effect of FGF2 on cisplatin-induced cell death. Conclusions This study indicates that FGF/FGFR2 signaling plays an important role in protecting against tubular cell death and AKI, which is partly through stimulating Erk1/2 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Xu
- Center for Kidney Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingwen Zhu
- Endocrine Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Center for Kidney Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yibing Lu
- Endocrine Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunsun Dai
- Center for Kidney Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tan X, Yu L, Yang R, Tao Q, Xiang L, Xiao J, Zhang JS. Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 Attenuates Renal Damage by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:39. [PMID: 32116715 PMCID: PMC7019113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is a predominant cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), the pathologic mechanism of which is highly complex involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, inflammatory response, autophagy, apoptosis as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10), as a multifunctional growth factor, plays crucial roles in embryonic development, adult homeostasis, and regenerative medicine. Herein, we investigated the molecular pathways underlying the protective effect of FGF10 on renal I/R injury using Sprague–Dawley rats. Results showed that administration of FGF10 not only effectively inhibited I/R-induced activation of Caspase-3 and expression of Bax, but also alleviated I/R evoked expression of ER stress-related proteins in the kidney including CHOP, GRP78, XBP-1, and ATF-4 and ATF-6. The protective effect of FGF10 against apoptosis and ER stress was recapitulated by in vitro experiments using oxidative damaged NRK-52E cells induced by tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Significantly, U0126, a selective noncompetitive inhibitor of MAP kinase kinases (MKK), largely abolished the protective role of FGF10. Taken together, both in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that FGF10 attenuates I/R-induced renal epithelial apoptosis by suppressing excessive ER stress, which is, at least partially, mediated by the activation of the MEK–ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Therefore, our present study revealed the therapeutic potential of FGF10 on renal I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Tan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruo Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qianyu Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lijun Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gunebakan E, Yalcin E, Cikler Dulger E, Yigitbasi A, Ates N, Caglayan A, Beker MC, Sahin K, Korkaya H, Kilic E. Short-Term Diet Restriction but Not Alternate Day Fasting Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8020023. [PMID: 32028692 PMCID: PMC7168297 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is one of the most preferred platinum-containing antineoplastic drugs. However, even in nontoxic plasma concentrations, it may cause kidney injury. To be able to increase its effective pharmacological dose, its side effects need to be regarded. Diet restriction (DR) has been demonstrated to improve cellular survival in a number of disorders. In this context, we investigated the role of DR in CP-induced nephrotoxicity (CPN). Besides alternate DR, animals were exposed to DR for 3 days prior or after CP treatment. Here, we observed that both 3 days of DR reverses the nephrotoxic effect of CP, which was associated with improved physiological outcomes, such as serum creatine, blood-urea nitrogen and urea. These treatments significantly increased phosphorylation of survival kinases PI3K/Akt and ERK-1/2 and decreased the level of stress kinase JNK were noted. In addition, the activation level of signal transduction mediator p38 MAPK phosphorylation was higher particularly in both three-day DR groups. Next, animals were fed with carbohydrate-, protein- or fat-enriched diets in the presence of CP. Results indicated that not only fasting but also dietary content itself may play a determinant role in the severity of CPN. Our data suggest that DR is a promising approach to reduce CPN by regulating metabolism and cell signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evrin Gunebakan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey; (E.G.); (E.Y.); (A.C.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Esra Yalcin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey; (E.G.); (E.Y.); (A.C.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Esra Cikler Dulger
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hamidiye Medical School, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34668, Turkey;
| | - Ahmet Yigitbasi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne 22030, Turkey;
| | - Nilay Ates
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey;
| | - Aysun Caglayan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey; (E.G.); (E.Y.); (A.C.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Mustafa C. Beker
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey; (E.G.); (E.Y.); (A.C.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Kazim Sahin
- Animal Nutrition Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey;
| | - Hasan Korkaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Ertugrul Kilic
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey; (E.G.); (E.Y.); (A.C.); (M.C.B.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +90-216-681-5344; Fax: +90-212-531-7555
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Capolongo G, Suzumoto Y, D'Acierno M, Simeoni M, Capasso G, Zacchia M. ERK1,2 Signalling Pathway along the Nephron and Its Role in Acid-base and Electrolytes Balance. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4153. [PMID: 31450703 PMCID: PMC6747339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are intracellular molecules regulating a wide range of cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cytoskeleton remodeling and cytokine production. MAPK activity has been shown in normal kidney, and its over-activation has been demonstrated in several renal diseases. The extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK 1,2) signalling pathway is the first described MAPK signaling. Intensive investigations have demonstrated that it participates in the regulation of ureteric bud branching, a fundamental process in establishing final nephron number; in addition, it is also involved in the differentiation of the nephrogenic mesenchyme, indicating a key role in mammalian kidney embryonic development. In the present manuscript, we show that ERK1,2 signalling mediates several cellular functions also in mature kidney, describing its role along the nephron and demonstrating whether it contributes to the regulation of ion channels and transporters implicated in acid-base and electrolytes homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Capolongo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Mariadelina Simeoni
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
- Biogem Scarl, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Miriam Zacchia
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Microparticles as Potential Mediators of High Glucose-Induced Renal Cell Injury. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080348. [PMID: 31390845 PMCID: PMC6723350 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Activation of signaling pathways such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), are thought to play a significant role in the etiology of DN. Microparticles (MPs), the small membrane vesicles containing bioactive signals shed by cells upon activation or during apoptosis, are elevated in diabetes and were identified as biomarkers in DN. However, their exact role in the pathophysiology of DN remains unclear. Here, we examined the effect of MPs shed from renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs) exposed to high glucose conditions on naïve RPTCs in vitro. Our results showed significant increases in the levels of phosphorylated forms of 4E-binding protein 1 and ERK1/2 (the downstream targets of mTOR and ERK pathways), phosphorylated-eIF2α (an ER stress marker), alpha smooth muscle actin (an EMT marker), and phosphorylated-SMAD2 and nuclear translocation of SMAD4 (markers of TGF-β signaling). Together, our findings indicate that MPs activate key signaling pathways in RPTCs under high glucose conditions. Pharmacological interventions to inhibit shedding of MPs from RPTCs might serve as an effective strategy to prevent the progression of DN.
Collapse
|
20
|
DPP-4 inhibition enhanced renal tubular and myocardial GLP-1 receptor expression decreased in CKD with myocardial infarction. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:75. [PMID: 30823876 PMCID: PMC6397488 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease and is a significant risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality. In contrast, GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) activation has been shown to confer both renal and cardiovascular protection, though its relationship with CKD and CKD with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated changes in renal and myocardial GLP-1R expression in the CKD rat model with MI/R. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats with 5/6 nephrectomy were used as a rat model of CKD and CKD with MI/R. For myocardial ischemia, the left coronary artery was ligated and released for 30 min 1 week after 5/6 nephrectomy. Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors were administered orally with linagliptin once daily for 8 weeks. Renal cortical and myocardial GLP-1R expression were measured via immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Results DPP-4 activity was increased in CKD. Western blot density of GLP-1R in renal cortex extracts revealed increased abundance 2 weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy, followed by a decrease at 8 weeks. In contrast, CKD and CKD with MI/R rats showed decreases in renal and cardiac expression of GLP-1R; these effects were attenuated in rats treated with linagliptin. Conclusions In CKD with MI/R, linagliptin attenuated renal injury and increased renal and myocardial GLP-1R expression. These data suggest that activation of renal and myocardial GLP-1R expression may provide both cardio- and renoprotective effects. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12882-019-1243-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
21
|
Targeting enhancer of zeste homolog 2 protects against acute kidney injury. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1067. [PMID: 30341286 PMCID: PMC6195522 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite the established oncogenic and profibrotic functions of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a methyltransferase that induces histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), its role in acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that EZH2 and H3K27me3 were upregulated in the murine kidney with AKI induced by either ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) or folic acid (FA). Pharmacologic inhibition of EZH2 with 3-deazaneplanocin A (3-DZNeP) prevented tubular injury in both models as demonstrated by reduced renal dysfunction, diminished neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin expression and decreased renal tubular cell death. Injury to the kidney resulted in reduced expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1, whereas EZH2 inhibition largely preserved their expression. Moreover, 3-DZNep was effective in counteracting the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, as well as the phosphorylation of Raf-1 and ERK1/2 in the injured kidney. Conversely, blocking EZH2 reversed the decrease of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 and metalloproteinase (TIMP)-3, and Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) in the kidney after acute injury. Similarly, oxidant injury to cultured kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells caused a decrease in the expression of E-cadherin, ZO-1, TIMP-2/-3, and RKIP, as well as an increase in the expression of MMP-2/9 and phosphorylation of Raf-1 ERK1/2. Blocking EZH2 with 3-DZNep or SiRNA hindered these responses. Thus, these results suggest that targeting EZH2 protects against AKI through a mechanism associated with the preservation of adhesion/junctions, reduction of matrix metalloproteinases and attenuation of the Raf-1/ERK1/2 pathway.
Collapse
|
22
|
Shi M, Flores B, Li P, Gillings N, McMillan KL, Ye J, Huang LJS, Sidhu SS, Zhong YP, Grompe MT, Streeter PR, Moe OW, Hu MC. Effects of erythropoietin receptor activity on angiogenesis, tubular injury, and fibrosis in acute kidney injury: a "U-shaped" relationship. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F501-F516. [PMID: 29187371 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00306.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) is widely expressed but its renoprotective action is unexplored. To examine the role of EpoR in vivo in the kidney, we induced acute kidney injury (AKI) by ischemia-reperfusion in mice with different EpoR bioactivities in the kidney. EpoR bioactivity was reduced by knockin of wild-type human EpoR, which is hypofunctional relative to murine EpoR, and a renal tubule-specific EpoR knockout. These mice had lower EPO/EpoR activity and lower autophagy flux in renal tubules. Upon AKI induction, they exhibited worse renal function and structural damage, more apoptosis at the acute stage (<7 days), and slower recovery with more tubulointerstitial fibrosis at the subacute stage (14 days). In contrast, mice with hyperactive EpoR signaling from knockin of a constitutively active human EpoR had higher autophagic flux, milder kidney damage, and better renal function at the acute stage but, surprisingly, worse tubulointerstitial fibrosis and renal function at the subacute stage. Either excess or deficient EpoR activity in the kidney was associated with abnormal peritubular capillaries and tubular hypoxia, creating a "U-shaped" relationship. The direct effects of EpoR on tubular cells were confirmed in vitro by a hydrogen peroxide model using primary cultured proximal tubule cells with different EpoR activities. In summary, normal erythropoietin (EPO)/EpoR signaling in renal tubules provides defense against renal tubular injury maintains the autophagy-apoptosis balance and peritubular capillary integrity. High and low EPO/EpoR bioactivities both lead to vascular defect, and high EpoR activity overides the tubular protective effects in AKI recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Shi
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| | - Brianna Flores
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| | - Peng Li
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.,Department of Nephrology, Yu-Huang-Ding Hospital, Qingdao University , Yantai, Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Nancy Gillings
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| | - Kathryn L McMillan
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| | - Lily Jun-Shen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Molecular Genetics, The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Yong-Ping Zhong
- Pape Family Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Maria T Grompe
- Pape Family Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Philip R Streeter
- Pape Family Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Orson W Moe
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.,Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| | - Ming Chang Hu
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang L, Litjens NHR, Kannegieter NM, Klepper M, Baan CC, Betjes MGH. pERK-dependent defective TCR-mediated activation of CD4 + T cells in end-stage renal disease patients. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2017. [PMID: 28642802 PMCID: PMC5477144 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have an impaired immune response with a prematurely aged T-cell system. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38, regulate diverse cellular programs by transferring extracellular signals into an intracellular response. T cell receptor (TCR)-induced phosphorylation of ERK (pERK) may show an age-associated decline, which can be reversed by inhibiting dual specific phosphatase (DUSP) 6, a cytoplasmic phosphatase with substrate specificity to dephosphorylate pERK. The aim of this study was to assess whether ESRD affects TCR-mediated signaling and explore possibilities for intervening in ESRD-associated defective T-cell mediated immunity. Results An age-associated decline in TCR-induced pERK-levels was observed in the different CD4+ (P < 0.05), but not CD8+, T-cell subsets from healthy individuals (HI). Interestingly, pERK-levels of CD4+ T-cell subsets from young ESRD patients were in between young and elderly HI. A differentiation-associated decline in TCR-induced ERK and p38 phosphorylation was observed in T cells, although TCR-induced p38 phosphorylation was not significantly affected by age and/or ESRD. Frequencies of TCR-induced CD69-expressing CD4+ T cells declined with age and were positively associated with pERK. In addition, an age-associated tendency of increased expression of DUSP6 was observed in CD4+ T cells of HI and DUSP6 expression in young ESRD patients was similar to old HI. Inhibition of DUSP6 significantly increased TCR-induced pERK-levels of CD4+ T cells in young and elderly ESRD patients, and elderly HI. Conclusions TCR-mediated phosphorylation of ERK is affected in young ESRD patients consistent with the concept of premature immunological T cell ageing. Inhibition of DUSP6 specific for pERK might be a potential intervention enhancing T-cell mediated immunity in ESRD patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12979-017-0096-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolle H R Litjens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nynke M Kannegieter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariska Klepper
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla C Baan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel G H Betjes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lanthanum chloride precipitation-based toxicoproteomic analysis of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol toxicity in rat kidney reveals involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:3247-3260. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-1959-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
25
|
Bertinat R, Westermeier F, Silva P, Shi J, Nualart F, Li X, Yáñez AJ. Anti-Diabetic Agent Sodium Tungstate Induces the Secretion of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines by Human Kidney Cells. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:355-362. [PMID: 27186953 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the major cause of end stage renal disease. Sodium tungstate (NaW) exerts anti-diabetic and immunomodulatory activities in diabetic animal models. Here, we used primary cultures of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells derived from type-2-diabetic (D-RPTEC) and non-diabetic (N-RPTEC) subjects as in vitro models to study the effects of NaW on cytokine secretion, as these factors participate in intercellular regulation of inflammation, cell growth and death, differentiation, angiogenesis, development, and repair, all processes that are dysregulated during DKD. In basal conditions, D-RPTEC cells secreted higher levels of prototypical pro-inflammatory IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 than N-RPTEC cells, in agreement with their diabetic phenotype. Unexpectedly, NaW further induced IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 secretion in both N- and D-RPTEC, together with lower levels of IL-1 RA, IL-4, IL-10, and GM-CSF, suggesting that it may contribute to the extent of renal damage/repair during DKD. Besides, NaW induced the accumulation of IκBα, the main inhibitor protein of one major pathway involved in cytokine production, suggesting further anti-inflammatory effect in the long-term. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the interplay between the anti-diabetic and immunomodulatory properties of NaW will facilitate future studies about its clinical relevance. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 355-362, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Bertinat
- Centro de Microscopía Avanzada, CMA-Bío Bío, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile. .,Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. .,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Francisco Westermeier
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Centro Avanzado de Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Silva
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jie Shi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Francisco Nualart
- Centro de Microscopía Avanzada, CMA-Bío Bío, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Xuhang Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alejandro J Yáñez
- Centro de Microscopía Avanzada, CMA-Bío Bío, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile. .,Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) mediates renal epithelial cell repair via ERK MAPK signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 416:109-16. [PMID: 27084535 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The expression of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), a very promising sensitive and specific urinary biomarker for acute renal injury, is markedly upregulated in injured and regenerating renal proximal tubular epithelial cells following ischemic or toxic insults, suggesting a possible role for this molecule in renal repair process. In the present study, we report that expression of KIM-1 facilitates renal tubular epithelial cell repair by promoting cell migration and proliferation. KIM-1 expression also enhances ERK MAPK activation, and the modulatory effect of KIM-1 on cellular repair process is likely mediated via ERK MAPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
27
|
Nutter FH, Haylor JL, Khwaja A. Inhibiting ERK Activation with CI-1040 Leads to Compensatory Upregulation of Alternate MAPKs and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 following Subtotal Nephrectomy with No Impact on Kidney Fibrosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137321. [PMID: 26415098 PMCID: PMC4586140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) activation by MEK plays a key role in many of the cellular processes that underlie progressive kidney fibrosis including cell proliferation, apoptosis and transforming growth factor β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition. We therefore assessed the therapeutic impact of ERK1/2 inhibition using a MEK inhibitor in the rat 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (SNx) model of kidney fibrosis. There was a twentyfold upregulation in phospho-ERK1/2 expression in the kidney after SNx in Male Wistar rats. Rats undergoing SNx became hypertensive, proteinuric and developed progressive kidney failure with reduced creatinine clearance. Treatment with the MEK inhibitor, CI-1040 abolished phospho- ERK1/2 expression in kidney tissue and prevented phospho-ERK1/2 expression in peripheral lymphocytes during the entire course of therapy. CI-1040 had no impact on creatinine clearance, proteinuria, glomerular and tubular fibrosis, and α-smooth muscle actin expression. However, inhibition of ERK1/2 activation led to significant compensatory upregulation of the MAP kinases, p38 and JNK in kidney tissue. CI-1040 also increased the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a key inhibitor of plasmin-dependent matrix metalloproteinases. Thus inhibition of ERK1/2 activation has no therapeutic effect on kidney fibrosis in SNx possibly due to increased compensatory activation of the p38 and JNK signalling pathways with subsequent upregulation of PAI-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faith Hannah Nutter
- Academic Unit of Nephrology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England
- * E-mail:
| | - John L. Haylor
- Academic Unit of Nephrology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England
| | - Arif Khwaja
- Sheffield Kidney Institute, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, England
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Karuppagounder V, Arumugam S, Thandavarayan RA, Pitchaimani V, Sreedhar R, Afrin R, Harima M, Suzuki H, Suzuki K, Nakamura M, Ueno K, Watanabe K. Naringenin ameliorates daunorubicin induced nephrotoxicity by mitigating AT1R, ERK1/2-NFκB p65 mediated inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:154-9. [PMID: 26072060 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in the progression of renal damage. The natural polyphenol naringenin is known to exert potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we have investigated the effect of naringenin on kidney dysfunction, fibrosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) expression and inflammation in daunorubicin (DNR) induced nephrotoxicity model. Nephrotoxicity was induced in rats by intravenous injection of DNR at a cumulative dose of 9 mg/kg. After 1 week, naringenin (20mg/kg/day. p.o) was administered daily for 6 weeks. Biochemical studies were performed to evaluate renal function. Western blotting was performed to measure the protein levels of AT1R, endothelin (ET)1, ET receptor type A (ETAR), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, nuclear factor (NF)κB p65, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)γ, oxidative/ER stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory markers in the kidney of DNR treated rats. Histopathological analysis was done using hemotoxylin eosin and Masson trichrome stained renal sections to investigate the structural abnormalities and fibrosis. DNR treated rats suffered from nephrotoxicity as evidenced by worsened renal function, increased blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine levels in renal tissues and histopathogical abnormalities. Treatment with naringenin mitigated these changes. Furthermore, naringenin up regulated PPARγ and down regulated AT1R, ET1, ETAR, p-ERK1/2, p-NFκB p65, ER stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory markers. Our results suggest that naringenin has an ability to improve renal function and attenuates AT1R, ERK1/2-NFκB p65 signaling pathway in DNR induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vengadeshprabhu Karuppagounder
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Somasundaram Arumugam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Rajarajan Amirthalingam Thandavarayan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vigneshwaran Pitchaimani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Remya Sreedhar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Rejina Afrin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Meilei Harima
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakamura
- Department of Cardiology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ueno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Guo SX, Fang Q, You CG, Jin YY, Wang XG, Hu XL, Han CM. Effects of hydrogen-rich saline on early acute kidney injury in severely burned rats by suppressing oxidative stress induced apoptosis and inflammation. J Transl Med 2015; 13:183. [PMID: 26047940 PMCID: PMC4467622 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early acute kidney injury (AKI) in severely burned patients predicts a high mortality that is multi-factorial. Hydrogen has been reported to alleviate organ injury via selective quenching of reactive oxygen species. This study investigated the potential protective effects of hydrogen against severe burn-induced early AKI in rats. Methods Severe burn were induced via immersing the shaved back of rats into a 100°C bath for 15 s. Fifty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham, Burn + saline, and Burn + hydrogen-rich saline (HS) groups, and renal function and the apoptotic index were measured. Kidney histopathology and immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real-time PCR, ELISA and western blotting were performed on the sera or renal tissues of burned rats to explore the underlying effects and mechanisms at varying time points post burn. Results Renal function and tubular apoptosis were improved by HS treatment. In addition, the oxidation–reduction potential and malondialdehyde levels were markedly reduced with HS treatment, whereas endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly increased. HS also decreased the myeloperoxidase levels and influenced the release of inflammatory mediators in the sera and renal tissues of the burned rats. The regulatory effects of HS included the inhibition of p38, JNK, ERK and NF-κB activation, and an increase in Akt phosphorylation. Conclusion Hydrogen can attenuate severe burn-induced early AKI; the mechanisms of protection include the inhibition of oxidative stress induced apoptosis and inflammation, which may be mediated by regulation of the MAPKs, Akt and NF-κB signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Xue Guo
- Department of Burn, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Quan Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Binjiang Branch, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 1511 Jianghong Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chuan-Gang You
- Department of Burn, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yun-Yun Jin
- Department of Burn, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xin-Gang Wang
- Department of Burn, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xin-Lei Hu
- Department of Orthopedic, Binjiang Branch, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 1511 Jianghong Road, Hangzhou, 31000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chun-Mao Han
- Department of Burn, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fan Y, Li X, Xiao W, Fu J, Harris RC, Lindenmeyer M, Cohen CD, Guillot N, Baron MH, Wang N, Lee K, He JC, Schlondorff D, Chuang PY. BAMBI elimination enhances alternative TGF-β signaling and glomerular dysfunction in diabetic mice. Diabetes 2015; 64:2220-33. [PMID: 25576053 PMCID: PMC4439561 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BMP, activin, membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) acts as a pseudo-receptor for the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β type I receptor family and a negative modulator of TGF-β kinase signaling, and BAMBI(-/-) mice show mild endothelial dysfunction. Because diabetic glomerular disease is associated with TGF-β overexpression and microvascular alterations, we examined the effect of diabetes on glomerular BAMBI mRNA levels. In isolated glomeruli from biopsies of patients with diabetic nephropathy and in glomeruli from mice with type 2 diabetes, BAMBI was downregulated. We then examined the effects of BAMBI deletion on streptozotocin-induced diabetic glomerulopathy in mice. BAMBI(-/-) mice developed more albuminuria, with a widening of foot processes, than BAMBI(+/+) mice, along with increased activation of alternative TGF-β pathways such as extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK)1/2 and Smad1/5 in glomeruli and cortices of BAMBI(-/-) mice. Vegfr2 and Angpt1, genes controlling glomerular endothelial stability, were downmodulated in glomeruli from BAMBI(-/-) mice with diabetes. Incubation of glomeruli from nondiabetic BAMBI(+/+) or BAMBI(-/-) mice with TGF-β resulted in the downregulation of Vegfr2 and Angpt1, effects that were more pronounced in BAMBI(-/-) mice and were prevented by a MEK inhibitor. The downregulation of Vegfr2 in diabetes was localized to glomerular endothelial cells using a histone yellow reporter under the Vegfr2 promoter. Thus, BAMBI modulates the effects of diabetes on glomerular permselectivity in association with altered ERK1/2 and Smad1/5 signaling. Future therapeutic interventions with inhibitors of alternative TGF-β signaling may therefore be of interest in diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuezhu Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Wenzhen Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Ray C Harris
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Maja Lindenmeyer
- Division of Nephrology and Institute of Physiology with Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Clemens D Cohen
- Division of Nephrology and Institute of Physiology with Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Guillot
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Margaret H Baron
- Tisch Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - John C He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY Renal Section, James J. Peter Veterans Administration Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Detlef Schlondorff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Peter Y Chuang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhou X, Wang C, Tian J, Wang Y, Li Y, Hu Z, Li R. Mitogen-activated protein kinase mediates mevalonate-stimulated human mesangial cell proliferation. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2643-9. [PMID: 25936991 PMCID: PMC4464046 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic products of intracellular mevalonate (MVA) are important for the growth of eukaryotic cells. These products include cholesterol and several non-sterol isoprenoids. It has been reported that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors ameliorate glomerular injury in several experimental models of progressive glomerular disease by inhibiting the production of MVA and its metabolites. However, the mechanisms by which MVA stimulates the growth of human mesangial cells (HMCs) remain to be elucidated. To investigate the role of MVA in HMC proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), the effects of MVA on HMCs at different durations and at various doses were evaluated. To examine the mechanisms of the effects of MVA on HMCs, the cells were treated with MVA, with or without PD98059, an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor, SP600125, c-Jun NH2-teminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, or SB203580, a P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction assay was used to measure the proliferation of the HMCs, a flow cytometric assay was used to assess the proliferative index, and an ELISA was performed to determine the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Type IV and Type I collagen (Col-IV and Col-I). The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), phosphorylated (p)-ERK1/2, p-JNK and p-p38 were also examined using western blot analysis. MVA significantly stimulated HMC proliferation and markedly increased the secretion of TGF-β1 and expression levels of Col-IV and Col-I. In addition, treatment with MVA significantly upregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and suppressed the expression of Bax in the HMCs. These responses were partially inhibited by the addition of inhibitors of ERK or JNK, however, they were not inhibited by the p38 MAPK inhibitor. These results demonstrated that MVA promoted HMC proliferation and ECM protein expression, which were associated with an increase in the expression of TGF-β1 and the inhibition of apoptosis. These effects were mediated, at least in part, by the JNK and ERK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Jihua Tian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yafeng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyong Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rongshan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gupta KK, Donahue DL, Sandoval-Cooper MJ, Castellino FJ, Ploplis VA. Abrogation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-vitronectin interaction ameliorates acute kidney injury in murine endotoxemia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120728. [PMID: 25799354 PMCID: PMC4370643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) contributes to the high mortality and morbidity in patients. Although the pathogenesis of AKI during sepsis is poorly understood, it is well accepted that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and vitronectin (Vn) are involved in AKI. However, the functional cooperation between PAI-1 and Vn in septic AKI has not been completely elucidated. To address this issue, mice were utilized lacking either PAI-1 (PAI-1−/−) or expressing a PAI-1-mutant (PAI-1R101A/Q123K) in which the interaction between PAI-1 and Vn is abrogated, while other functions of PAI-1 are retained. It was found that both PAI-1−/− and PAI-1R101A/Q123K mice are associated with decreased renal dysfunction, apoptosis, inflammation, and ERK activation as compared to wild-type (WT) mice after LPS challenge. Also, PAI-1−/− mice showed attenuated fibrin deposition in the kidneys. Furthermore, a lack of PAI-1 or PAI-1-Vn interaction was found to be associated with an increase in activated Protein C (aPC) in plasma. These results demonstrate that PAI-1, through its interaction with Vn, exerts multiple deleterious mechanisms to induce AKI. Therefore, targeting of the PAI-1-Vn interaction in kidney represents an appealing therapeutic strategy for the treatment of septic AKI by not only altering the fibrinolytic capacity but also regulating PC activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh K Gupta
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Deborah L Donahue
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Mayra J Sandoval-Cooper
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Francis J Castellino
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Victoria A Ploplis
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ajay AK, Kim TM, Ramirez-Gonzalez V, Park PJ, Frank DA, Vaidya VS. A bioinformatics approach identifies signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 and checkpoint kinase 1 as upstream regulators of kidney injury molecule-1 after kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 25:105-18. [PMID: 24158981 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1)/T cell Ig and mucin domain-containing protein-1 (TIM-1) is upregulated more than other proteins after AKI, and it is highly expressed in renal damage of various etiologies. In this capacity, KIM-1/TIM-1 acts as a phosphatidylserine receptor on the surface of injured proximal tubular epithelial cells, mediating phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and it may also act as a costimulatory molecule for immune cells. Despite recognition of KIM-1 as an important therapeutic target for kidney disease, the regulators of KIM-1 transcription in the kidney remain unknown. Using a bioinformatics approach, we identified upstream regulators of KIM-1 after AKI. In response to tubular injury in rat and human kidneys or oxidant stress in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HPTECs), KIM-1 expression increased significantly in a manner that corresponded temporally and regionally with increased phosphorylation of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and STAT3. Both ischemic and oxidant stress resulted in a dramatic increase in reactive oxygen species that phosphorylated and activated Chk1, which subsequently bound to STAT3, phosphorylating it at S727. Furthermore, STAT3 bound to the KIM-1 promoter after ischemic and oxidant stress, and pharmacological or genetic induction of STAT3 in HPTECs increased KIM-1 mRNA and protein levels. Conversely, inhibition of STAT3 using siRNAs or dominant negative mutants reduced KIM-1 expression in a kidney cancer cell line (769-P) that expresses high basal levels of KIM-1. These observations highlight Chk1 and STAT3 as critical upstream regulators of KIM-1 expression after AKI and may suggest novel approaches for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
|
34
|
Ortiz O, Wurst W, Kühn R. Reversible and tissue-specific activation of MAP kinase signaling by tamoxifen in Braf(V637)ER(T2) mice. Genesis 2013; 51:448-55. [PMID: 23441035 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Deregulated MAP kinase (MAPK) signaling plays key roles in developmental and adult disease processes, but the experimental activation of MAPK is a currently unresolved task. For the reversible induction of MAPK signaling, we generated transgenic mice harboring a tamoxifen inducible BRAF(V637E)ER(T2) fusion protein. The expression of the inducible BRAF kinase can be directed by Cre/loxP-mediated recombination to selected cell types and enables the highly specific activation of MAPK signalling in vivo. We show that MAPK signaling can be transiently activated in the brain, liver, or kidney of Braf(V637E)ER(T2) mice by a single injection of tamoxifen. Braf(V637E)ER(T2) mice provide a new versatile tool to study disease mechanisms elicited by MAPK activation, complementing gene knockout technology that is restricted to the analysis of loss-of-function phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Ortiz
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu Y, Liang W, Yang Q, Ren Z, Chen X, Zha D, Singhal PC, Ding G. IQGAP1 mediates angiotensin II-induced apoptosis of podocytes via the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway. Am J Nephrol 2013; 38:430-44. [PMID: 24247724 DOI: 10.1159/000355970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The mechanism underlying angiotensin II (AngII)-promoted podocyte apoptosis has not been established. IQ domain GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is a scaffolding protein of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway, and plays a significant role in apoptosis. The present study evaluates the role of IQGAP1 in AngII-induced podocyte apoptosis. METHODS We randomly assigned 36 male Wistar rats to a normal saline-infused group, an AngII-infused group, or a normal control group, and measured podocyte apoptosis by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and transmission electron microscopic analysis. In addition, we exposed differentiated mouse podocytes to AngII and then assessed apoptosis by flow cytometry and Hoechst-33258 staining. Expression of IQGAP1 was measured by Western blotting, real-time PCR and immunofluorescence assay in vivo and in vitro. IQGAP1 siRNA and MAPK pathway inhibitors were further introduced to investigate the role of IQGAP1 and MAPK signaling in the process. Coimmunoprecipitation was used to evaluate the interaction between ERK1/2 and IQGAP1. RESULTS AngII promoted podocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. IQGAP1 had a linear distribution along the capillary loops of glomeruli in vivo, and was in the cellular membrane and cytoplasm of cultured podocytes. AngII stimulated IQGAP1 expression and increased phosphorylation of P38, JNK, and ERK1/2. Knockdown of IQGAP1 with siRNA prevented AngII-induced apoptosis of podocytes and reduced AngII-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, but not that of P38, JNK. This was accompanied by a reduced interaction between ERK1/2 and IQGAP1. CONCLUSION IQGAP1 contributes to AngII-induced apoptosis of podocytes by interacting with the ERK1/2 signaling protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|