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N. Kedlaya M, Puzhankara L, Mahendra M, K. V, Sinha SP, Singh A, Karmakar S. Development and validation of a structured questionnaire to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) regarding the effect of yoga on periodontal health among Indian adults. F1000Res 2024; 12:1404. [PMID: 38854698 PMCID: PMC11157492 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.140245.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of structures surrounding the teeth. Its etiology is multifactorial. The primary etiological factor is the microbial component; the other factors are systemic, behavioral, environmental, and psychological. Conventional management includes routine periodontal therapy involving prophylactic and surgical management. In developing countries like India, complementary medicine and alternative medicines like yoga are gaining popularity for improving systemic health. Hence this pilot study was designed to assess the psychometric properties of a structured questionnaire that can assess knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding the impact of yoga on oral and periodontal health in Indian population. Methods The KAP questionnaire was developed (Stage One) using a deductive approach, and a psychometric evaluation of the questionnaire was performed to evaluate it's reliability and validity (Stage Two). Initial content validation and test re-test reliability were assessed using kappa statistics with binary responses. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the questions in the practice and attitude category with categorical variables. Further assessment of psychometric properties of the questionnaire was done using item response theory. The developed questionnaire had four principal sections: demography of participants; knowledge regarding yoga and oral health; attitude towards yoga and oral health; and practice towards implementing yoga for oral health. Results The ICC for all the assessed questions was greater than 0.60 suggesting satisfactory stability. Internal consistency measured using Cronbach's alpha for knowledge, attitude, and practice items were reported to be 0.632, 0.923, and 0.591 respectively and that of the KAP total was 0.632. Conclusions The findings of this study showed that the questionnaire had an acceptable psychometric property for measuring KAP regarding yoga and it's role in oral and periodontal health among Indian adults. The analysis of participant responses revealed that they had a medium level of knowledge regarding yoga and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurya N. Kedlaya
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Department of Periodontology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Lakshmi Puzhankara
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Department of Periodontology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Mansi Mahendra
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Department of Periodontology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vineetha K.
- Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | | | - Anupam Singh
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shaswata Karmakar
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Department of Periodontology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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Bensel T, Megiroo S, Kronenberg W, Bömicke W, Ulrichs T, Hinz S. Oral Health Status of Healthcare Workers in Ilembula/Tanzania during the COVID-19 Condition. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:920. [PMID: 38727477 PMCID: PMC11083547 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12090920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The challenge of reduced dental treatment and education infrastructure in the Tanzanian highlands affects the oral health situation of both the general population and local healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status of healthcare workers at Ilembula Lutheran Hospital (ILH), Tanzania, during the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, 134 healthcare workers (62 women, 72 men; mean age 36.48 ± 9.56 years, range 19-59 years; median age 35.00 years) participated in this cross-sectional study, conducted from 12 February to 27 February. A dental examiner trained in oral health screening performed the oral health data collection. Data collection was performed by probability sampling using the Ilembula Data Collection Form-Oral Health (IDCF-Oral Health) questionnaire distributed in paper form. Ethical approval was obtained from the National Institute for Medical Research/Tanzania. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMF/T) index proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used with the associated caries measurement method and the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S). Details regarding edentulism, nutritional habits, and socio-economic factors were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using linear regression (α = 0.05). The average DMF-T index was 3.33 ± 0.82, with age, gender, meal frequency, and soft drink consumption significantly influencing the index. No evidence of dental plaque was detected in 43.3% of the participants. Of the participants, 32.8% required prosthetic treatment (Kennedy Class III), while 16.4% needed it for acute malocclusions. Oral hygiene products were used in 97% of cases. A total of 35.8% of the participants had an OHI-S score of up to 1.0, with (p < 0.001) age and (p < 0.001) sex having a significant influence on the index. The current oral health situation of healthcare workers at ILH shows a moderate need for restorative and prosthetic treatment in rural Tanzania. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no change in the need for dental treatment, which may be explained by the generally restricted access to dental healthcare in the investigated region. The development of an interdisciplinary oral health prophylaxis system could help to reduce the need for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bensel
- Institute for Research in International Assistance, Akkon University for Human Sciences, Colditzstraße 34-36, 12099 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (T.U.)
| | - Simon Megiroo
- Health Department, ELCT/North Central Diocese, Arusha P.O. Box 16173, Tanzania;
| | | | - Wolfgang Bömicke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Timo Ulrichs
- Institute for Research in International Assistance, Akkon University for Human Sciences, Colditzstraße 34-36, 12099 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (T.U.)
| | - Sebastian Hinz
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Bayingana JM, Shyaka G, Ogendi J. Knowledge, attitude and practices towards oral health among secondary school students in Huye district, Rwanda. Afr Health Sci 2024; 24:250-261. [PMID: 38962326 PMCID: PMC11217848 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v24i1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Good oral health knowledge is considered to be crucial for health-related practices and better oral hygiene. Objective This study was aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices towards oral health among secondary student in Huye district. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 386 students from public secondary schools with advanced level. Boarding secondary schools were excluded. Stratified Clustering sampling technique was used for selecting study participants. A closed ended questionnaire was used for collecting data. Results were found on the basis of percentage and frequency using SPSS 21.0 version. Results The majority of participants, 222 (57.5%) were female and 164 (42.5%) were male. The majority of the participants, 168 (43.5%) were between 15-17 years old. Out of the total population of students 1.8% had good knowledge, 56.2% had average knowledge and 42% had poor knowledge about oral health. Moreover, 56.2% had negative and 43.8% had positive oral health attitudes and overall practice towards oral hygiene of students showed that 74.6 % had poor practice and 24.4% had good practices. Conclusion Oral hygiene has to be long life practice and oral health education have to be included as part of the school environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Japheths Ogendi
- Public Health, Mount Kenya University, Kigali-Kicukiro-Rwanda, Thika, Central Kenya
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Shitu K, Alemayehu M, Berassa SH. Oral hygiene behaviour and its determinants among preparatory school students in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:177-186. [PMID: 36627237 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate oral hygiene behaviour and its determinants among preparatory school students in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 students to evaluate their oral hygiene behaviour and determinant factors (sociodemographic attributes, oral hygiene knowledge, and attitude to oral hygiene behaviours). Linear regression was employed to identify factors associated with oral hygiene behaviour. A p-value of <0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were used to declare statistical significance. RESULTS A total of 407 students participated with a response rate of 96.2%. The mean age of the participants was 18 (SD ±1.3). The mean oral hygiene behaviour (OHB) score was about 7.89 ± 3.43. Only 9.2%, 21.4%, and 5.7% were brushing their teeth at least twice a day, cleaning their tongue, and flossing at least once a day respectively. Father's educational status (able to read and write (β = 1.99, 95% CI: 0.62, 3.38), completed secondary school (β = 1.68, 95% CI: 0.18, 3.18), and diploma and higher (β = 1.75, 95% CI: 0.33, 3.18)), being from private school (β = 3.25, 95%CI: 2.30, 4.19), knowledge about OHB (β = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.30), and attitude towards OHB (β = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.14) were significant factors positively associated with better oral hygiene behaviour. CONCLUSION Oral hygiene behaviour was poor among preparatory school students in Gondar city. Father's educational status, students' oral hygiene knowledge, and attitude were found to be significant factors affecting students' oral hygiene behaviour. Thus, tailored school-based oral health communication programs are highly required to improve students' oral hygiene behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kegnie Shitu
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekuriaw Alemayehu
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Cyriac A, Sood S, Sharma N, Singh A. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Government Primary School Teachers in Faridabad City Regarding Oral Health. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:426-430. [PMID: 37496935 PMCID: PMC10367284 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Schoolteachers have a massive capacity for shaping the oral health status of children. Teachers help in behavioral shaping and the total progress of schoolchildren. They are thought to apply a substantial impact on their students. Overall health-promoting school seeks workforce well-being as well as their working conditions and thus employ the tactics of health promotion in the workplace. Aim To assess the existing knowledge, attitude, and practices of government primary school teachers in Faridabad city regarding oral health. Materials and methods The study was conducted on 220 government primary school teachers in Faridabad city. The questionnaires were distributed individually to the teachers on the visit to their institution. The data was compiled and subjected to statistical analysis. The study was evaluated in various groups like age, gender, educational qualification, and teaching experience. Oral health education was given to the teachers and mentioned the importance of regular dental check-ups in children. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. Results The findings of this study indicated that oral health knowledge was good but oral health attitudes and practices were moderate among government primary school teachers in Faridabad city. Conclusion The study determined that there is a need to improve the oral well-being information and habits of the primary school teachers so that they can deliver proper oral health instructions to the students. How to cite this article Cyriac A, Sood S, Sharma N, et al. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Government Primary School Teachers in Faridabad City Regarding Oral Health. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(3):426-430.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitta Cyriac
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shveta Sood
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Naresh Sharma
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Akshara Singh
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Sahile AT, Wondimu MT, Fikrie EM. Tooth brushing practice in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6418. [PMID: 37076554 PMCID: PMC10115787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33541-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral hygiene refers to taking care and maintaining the cleanness of gum and teeth; a good oral hygiene practice promotes better oral health in general. Oral hygiene is the top public health concern of the population. Tooth brushing is a technique to keep oral hygiene from related complications. Therefore, this study provides the pooled prevalence of tooth brushing practice in Ethiopia. Databases searched for articles systematically across PubMed, Google Scholar, Hinari, EMBASE, and African Journals Online. Two reviewers independently conducted the selection, screening, reviewing, and data extraction using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and used the Joanna Briggs Institute prevalence critical appraisal tools to assess the quality of evidence. All studies conducted in Ethiopia from 2010 to 2020, reporting tooth-brushing practices extracted for and imported into the Comprehensive meta-analysis version 3.0 for further analysis. Beggs and Eggers's tests evaluated for publication bias with Higgins's method evaluated for heterogeneity. A random-effects meta-analysis model with a 95% confidence interval was computed to estimate the pooled effect size (prevalence). Furthermore, the authors employed subgroup analysis based on the study area and sample size. After reviewing 36, 10 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of tooth brushing practice was 12.2% (95% CI 7.6-19.2%). The review reported a lower level of tooth-brushing practice in Ethiopia. We recommended that special attention should be given to the oral hygiene of the Ethiopian people.
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Ramli H, Nor Aripin KN, Mohd Said S, Mohamad Hanafiah R, Mohd Dom TN. The effectiveness of miswak (Salvadora persica L. and Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) practices in reducing plaque and gingivitis among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115598. [PMID: 35944735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvadora persica L. and Azadirachtaindica A.Juss. are listed within the most common sources of miswak or chewing stick that widely used among Western Asia and Muslim populations worldwide. Miswak use in conjunction with toothbrush (adjunctive) has become apparent among the adults. Furthermore, miswak has been reported to have mechanical and pharmacological activities, and benefits to the oral health, by many studies. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the effectiveness of miswak in maintaining periodontal health among adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of miswak published in PubMed, EBSCOHOST (Dentistry & Oral Sciences), SCOPUS, and Cochrane Database for Systematic Review (CDSR) from inception to May 08, 2022. The primary outcomes of interest were changes in the periodontal health measured with plaque and gingivitis scores as well as subgingival bacteria load. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach while the estimates of effect were pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS Ten eligible articles were identified, of which 9 could be analysed quantitatively. The remaining report was included as part of the qualitative analysis. The meta-analysis showed that miswak was comparable with the toothbrush in reducing the mean plaque score (p= 0.08, SMD: 0.39, and 95% CI: -0.05 to 0.83) and mean gingivitis score (p= 0.37, SMD: 0.13, and 95% CI: -0.16 to 0.43). Even higher certainty of evidence for the effect of miswak on mean plaque reduction on labial surface of anterior teeth. However, the adjunctive effect of miswak was significantly more superior for reducing plaque (p= 0.01, SMD: 0.68, and 95% CI: 0.14 to 1.22) and gingivitis score (p= 0.04, SMD: 0.66, and 95% CI: 0.03 to 1.29). CONCLUSIONS Miswak effectively reduced plaque and gingivitis scores to a level comparable to toothbrush when used exclusively. Adjunctive miswak use was particularly effective in improving periodontal health. However, the included studies inadequately reported on the method of toothbrushing using miswak and the frequency of miswak use. Therefore, further clinical studies are recommended to explore on the advantages and proper method of miswak practice for optima outcome and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haslinda Ramli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Periodontology and Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Pandan Indah, 55100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Khairun Nain Nor Aripin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences II, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Putra Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Shahida Mohd Said
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rohazila Mohamad Hanafiah
- Department of Basic Science and Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Pandan Indah, 55100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Tuti Ningseh Mohd Dom
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Chowdhury S, Roy S, Hasan M, Sadique AA, Islam T, Hasan M, Arafat MY, Bhuiyan MAR, Islam AMK, Khalid O, Maliha R, Hossain MA, Rahman ML, Nabi MH, Hawlader MDH. Oral health knowledge, practice, and oral health status among rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269359. [PMID: 35704660 PMCID: PMC9200329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health is a critical component of human health but is sometimes forgotten, particularly during humanitarian crises. This research aimed to ascertain the state of oral health among Rohingya refugees living in one of the largest refugee camps and evaluate their knowledge and practice of oral health. A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted among 477 participants from July to September 2021 using a structured questionnaire. There were 34 Rohingya camps and out of those 14 camps were accessible for data collection. The study participants were between 18–82 years residing in the refugee camps under Cox’s Bazar. The majority of participants (53.88%) were female and between the ages of 25 and 45. Around 46.12% of respondents did not have basic oral health knowledge, while 53.67% were in need of dental care. Nearly half of the participants demonstrated poor oral health practices. Participants’ age and educational level were positively associated with oral health knowledge (p = 0.02 and p<0.001). Furthermore, the knowledge level was positively associated with oral health practice (p = .025). Participants with a history of teeth pain and discomfort in the last 12 months were ten times more likely to seek treatment (OR = 9.93, CI: 5.591–17.64). The study indicated a growing demand for dental care among Rohingya refugees staying in Bangladesh. To reduce the severity of oral health issues, use of minimally invasive restorative procedures can be suggested in camps. New oral health promotion campaigns should be emphasized and proper education, ideally in their original language, can be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreshtha Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Simanta Roy
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Al Sadique
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tariful Islam
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Yeasin Arafat
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - A. M. Khairul Islam
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Omar Khalid
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ramisha Maliha
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Ali Hossain
- Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital, Kallyanpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Lutfor Rahman
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training (ISRT), University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Anthony SN, Mbawalla HS, Kahabuka FK, Siziya S. Dental caries according to CAST among Zambian adolescents; pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:181. [PMID: 35568900 PMCID: PMC9107713 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental Caries affect more than half of children and adolescents globally and more so in Africa. Most caries studies in Africa are based on DMFT index which does not assess early carious lesions making early prevention and minimal invasive treatment impossible. This study therefore aimed at determining pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates of dental caries according to Caries Assessment and Treatment Spectrum (CAST). METHODS Cross-sectional study involving secondary school adolescents in Copperbelt province, Zambia. Socio-demographics and oral health related behaviors were assessed using a structured questionnaire while dental caries was assessed using CAST. Data were summarized as frequency distributions while cross-tabulation with Chi-squire test and adjusted multinomial logistic regression assessed strength and direction of relationship between socio-demographics, oral health behaviors and dental caries. Level of statistical significance was set at 5%. RESULTS A total of 1,794 participants were enrolled 54% being females. Total frequency of adolescents with healthy teeth (CAST0-2) was 51.1%, pre-morbidity stages (CAST 3-4) was 24.7%, severe morbidity CAST (6-7) was 6.4% and mortality was 2.7%. The odds of being found with teeth at pre-morbidity stage decreased among male OR (95%CI) = 0.55 (0.44, 0.70) and younger participants OR (95%CI) = 0.77 (0.61, 0.98). Participants in high socio-economic status had lower odds of morbidity OR (95%CI) = 0.69 (0.52, 0.92) while those taking sugary foods five times or more per day had higher odds of morbidity OR (95%CI = 1.52 (1.01, 2.34). The odds of being found at mortality clinical stage of caries was lower among males OR (95% CI) = 0.53 (0.29, 0.96) and those who did not attend to a dentist in the previous year OR (95%CI) = 0.42 (0.23, 0.75), while higher odds OR (95%CI = 2.01 (1.02, 3.97) were among the high socio-economic status. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of participants with teeth at pre-morbidity and morbidity were high. Socio-demographics and behavioral predictors of dental caries were sex, socio-economic status, frequency of sugary food intake per day and dental visit in the previous year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severine N Anthony
- Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, The Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Hawa S Mbawalla
- Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Febronia K Kahabuka
- Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Seter Siziya
- Department of Public Health, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, The Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
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Bensel T, Erhart I, Megiroo S, Kronenberg W, Bömicke W, Hinz S. Oral health status of nursing staff in Ilembula, Wanging'ombe District, Njombe region, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:169. [PMID: 35534856 PMCID: PMC9081662 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the reduced dental treatment infrastructure in the Tanzanian highlands, maintaining good oral health is a challenge for not only the general population but also individual professional groups. In this study, the caries prevalence and, subsequently, the prosthetic treatment needs of the nurses of the Ilembula Lutheran Hospital (ILH) and Ilembula Institute of Health and Allied Sciences (IIHAS), Tanzania, were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and sixty-eight ILH and IIHAS nurses and nursing students (87 women, 81 men; age 23.1 ± 6.1 years, range 18-58 years) participated in this cross-sectional study conducted in February 2020. The participants were examined at the dental office of ILH. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMF/T) Index, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, and details regarding edentulism, nutrition habits, and socioeconomic factors were collected. Linear regression and binary logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The mean DMF/T-Index was 6.30 ± 4.52. In 7.14% of the investigated nurses, no dental plaque was detected. An enhanced prosthodontic treatment (Kennedy Class III) demand was identified in 31.50% of the participants, and 4.80% of the participants required treatment for acute malocclusion. Oral hygiene products were used by 99.4% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS The current oral health situation of the study participants showed a moderate restorative and prosthetic treatment demand in the rural area of Tanzania. The development of an interdisciplinary oral health prophylaxis system could be a means to remedy this situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bensel
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Halle, Magdeburger Straße 16, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Imke Erhart
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Halle, Magdeburger Straße 16, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Megiroo
- Health Department, ELCT/NORTH CENTRAL DIOCESE, P. O. Box 16173, Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Werner Kronenberg
- Ilembula Lutheran Hospital, P.O. Box 14, Ilembula, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Wolfgang Bömicke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hinz
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Halle, Magdeburger Straße 16, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Saveanu CI, Cretu CC, Bamboi I, Săveanu AE, Anistoroaei D. Title Cross-Sectional Study to Evaluate Knowledge and Attitudes on Oral Hygiene of Romanian Students. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58030406. [PMID: 35334581 PMCID: PMC8950784 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: the purpose of this study was to evaluate students’ level of knowledge and attitude towards oral hygiene. Materials and Methods: the evaluation was carried out by a questionnaire, with 30 Q (questions) as follows: demographic data (Q1–Q5), oral hygiene knowledge data (Q6–Q23) and oral hygiene attitude data (Q24–Q30). The study included students from Romanian schools and the selection of the study group was made following selection criteria in accordance with ethical issues. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and a value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: the study included a number of 718 subjects with a mean age of 14.54 (±2.22), male 250 (34.8%) and female 468 (65.2%), MS (middle school students) 354 (49.4%) and HH (high school students) 364 (50.6%). Most of the subjects 292 (MS = 160; HS = 132) know a toothbrushing technique, p = 0.009, r = 0.091 and 587 (MS = 278; HS = 309) know that brushing removes the bacterial plaque p = 0.027, r = −0.082 but only 147 (MS = 71; HS = 76) know that (by) brushing can re-mineralize hard dental structures. The duration of the toothbrushing is variable, for 2- or 3-min p = 0.058, r = 0.043. Criteria for choosing the toothbrush were based mainly on the indications of the dentist, respectively, for toothpaste on its properties. The frequency of toothbrushing is mainly twice a day 428 (MS = 234; HS = 248), p = 0.079, r = 0.037, 73 (MS = 33; HS = 40) after every meal. p = 0.099, r = 0.095. Mouthwash is used by 421 (MS = 199; HS = 222) p = 0.111, r = −0.048, and 228 (MS = 199; HS = 222) after each brushing. Dental floss is used by 240 (MS = 106; HS = 134), p = 0.031, r = −0.073 and only 74 (MS = 41; HS = 33) after each brushing. Conclusions: there are differences in the level of knowledge and attitudes regarding the determinants of oral hygiene depending on the level of education.
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Shaheen R, AlShulayyil M, Baseer MA, Saeed Bahamid AA, AlSaffan AD, Al Herbisch R. Self-Reported Basic Oral Health Knowledge of Primary School Students and Teachers in Rural Areas of Saudi Arabia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2021; 13:521-529. [PMID: 34908879 PMCID: PMC8664646 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s341240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral health knowledge is essential for establishing healthy behaviors. Aim The purpose of the study was to determine and compare the basic oral health knowledge of 3–6th grade government primary school students and teachers in rural areas of Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among government primary school students and teachers in a rural area (Thadig and Ad-Delam) of the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia using validated, structured, close-ended and self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaire comprised demographic variables and 18 multiple-choice items. A convenience sampling methodology was employed to select the study sample. Results A total of 1864 subjects from rural area government primary schools [students (N = 1538) and teachers (N = 326)] participated in this study. The majority of the students were females 841 (54.7%), Saudi nationals 1376 (89.5%), and studying in 5th grade 446 (29%). Most teacher participants were females, 199 (61.0%), and Saudi nationals, 326 (100.0%). Teachers (12.62 ± 2.36) demonstrated significantly higher overall mean knowledge scores compared to the students (9.63 ± 2.36) (p < 0.001). Females and non-Saudi students showed significantly higher mean knowledge scores compared to their counterparts. However, 4th standard students showed significantly lower mean knowledge scores compared to other graders. Female teachers (13.17 ± 2.25) demonstrated significantly higher overall oral health knowledge scores compared to male teachers (11.75 ± 2.26) (p < 0.001). Conclusion Basic oral health knowledge was adequate among 3–6th grade government primary school students and teachers in rural areas of the Riyadh region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakan Shaheen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Abdul Baseer
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Reem Al Herbisch
- College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zumpe L, Bensel T, Wienke A, Mtaya-Mlangwa M, Hey J. The Oral Health Situation of 12-Year-Old School Children in the Rural Region of Ilembula in Southwestern Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212237. [PMID: 34831993 PMCID: PMC8618583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There has been no research on the prevalence of and factors associated with dental caries in rural southwestern Tanzania among schoolchildren. Determining the prevalence of and factors associated with dental caries will help to assess the need for dental intervention and prophylactic measures among children in the region. In February 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Wanging’ombe District of the Ilembula Ward. The data were collected through clinical examinations and personal interviews at two primary schools. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential risk indicators for caries. The study included 319 students aged 11–12 years (average 11.92 ± 0.27 years). The mean Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index was 0.24 ± 0.68, and the mean Specific affected Caries Index was 1.66 ± 0.9. The greatest influences on the caries risk were poor oral hygiene (OR 8.05, 95% CI 0.49–133.23), low tooth brushing frequency (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.26–7.26) and low level of education in parents (OR 2.63, 95% CI 0.99–6.98). Dental caries was low among students in rural areas in the Wanging’ombe District.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Zumpe
- Clinic for Prosthodontics, Martin-Luther-University, 06112 Halle, Germany; (L.Z.); (T.B.)
| | - Tobias Bensel
- Clinic for Prosthodontics, Martin-Luther-University, 06112 Halle, Germany; (L.Z.); (T.B.)
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Computer Science, Martin-Luther-University, 06112 Halle, Germany;
| | - Matilda Mtaya-Mlangwa
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65014, Tanzania;
| | - Jeremias Hey
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-662-784
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Mmbaga BT, Mwasamwaja A, Mushi G, Mremi A, Nyakunga G, Kiwelu I, Swai R, Kiwelu G, Mustapha S, Mghase E, Mchome A, Shao R, Mallya E, Rwakatema DS, Kilonzo K, Munishi OM, Abedi‐Ardekani B, Middleton D, Schüz J, McCormack V. Missing and decayed teeth, oral hygiene and dental staining in relation to esophageal cancer risk: ESCCAPE case-control study in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Int J Cancer 2021; 148:2416-2428. [PMID: 33320959 PMCID: PMC8048942 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the African esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) corridor, recent work from Kenya found increased ESCC risk associated with poor oral health, including an ill-understood association with dental fluorosis. We examined these associations in a Tanzanian study, which included examination of potential biases influencing the latter association. This age and sex frequency-matched case-control study included 310 ESCC cases and 313 hospital visitor/patient controls. Exposures included self-reported oral hygiene and nondental observer assessed decayed+missing+filled tooth count (DMFT index) and the Thylstrup-Fejerskov dental fluorosis index (TFI). Blind to this nondental observer TFI, a dentist independently assessed fluorosis on photographs of 75 participants. Odds ratios (ORs) are adjusted for demographic factors, alcohol and tobacco. ESCC risk was associated with using a chewed stick to brush teeth (OR 2.3 [95% CI: 1.3-4.1]), using charcoal to whiten teeth (OR 2.13 [95% CI: 1.3, 4.1]) and linearly with the DMFT index (OR 3.3 95% CI: [1.8, 6.0] for ≥10 vs 0). Nondental observer-assessed fluorosis was strongly associated with ESCC risk (OR 13.5 [95% CI: 5.7-31.9] for TFI 5+ v 0). However, the professional dentist's assessment indicated that only 43% (10/23) of participants assessed as TFI 5+ actually had fluorosis. In summary, using oral charcoal, brushing with a chewed stick and missing/decayed teeth may be risk factors for ESCC in Tanzania, for which dose-response and mechanistic research is needed. Links of ESCC with "dental fluorosis" suffered from severe exposure misclassification, rendering it impossible to disentangle any effects of fluorosis, extrinsic staining or reverse causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandina T. Mmbaga
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Amos Mwasamwaja
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
| | - Godfrey Mushi
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
| | - Alex Mremi
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Gissela Nyakunga
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Ireen Kiwelu
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Remigi Swai
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Deogratias S. Rwakatema
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Kajiru Kilonzo
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Oresto Michael Munishi
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute—Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
| | | | - Daniel Middleton
- Environmental and Lifestyle Epidemiology BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Environmental and Lifestyle Epidemiology BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Valerie McCormack
- Environmental and Lifestyle Epidemiology BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
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Verma L, Passi S, Sharma U, Gupta J. Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices among Postgraduate Students of Panjab University, Chandigarh: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020; 13:113-118. [PMID: 32742085 PMCID: PMC7366772 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental caries and periodontal diseases are the most commonly occurring dental problems. Proper knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of oral health of young adults will help in prevention of these diseases. Aim To comparatively evaluate the oral health KAPs related to oral health of postgraduate students of Panjab University, Chandigarh, with respect to gender and different departments. Setting and design A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a questionnaire that assessed KAPs of postgraduate students, aged 17–25 years. Materials and methods This survey was undertaken on 600 postgraduate students of Panjab University, Chandigarh. The sample was divided into 3 groups: group I—arts students (n = 200), group II—science students (n = 200), and group III—commerce students (n = 200). Data were collected and subjected to statistical analysis. Statistical analysis used Chi-squared test was used for comparison between different groups. ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis compared the data between different departments, and Mann–Whitney U test between males and females. Results The students of arts had significantly lesser knowledge of oral health compared with other departments. About 65% arts students believed that sweets/soft drinks/chips were causing tooth decay compared with 83% science and 80% commerce students (p value < 0.001). About 52.5% arts students had knowledge that blood on the toothbrush was indicative of gum disease followed by 67% science and 76% commerce students (p value < 0.001). Conclusion In our study, there was no significant difference in gender with respect to KAPs of oral health but a significant difference was observed among different departments with arts students showing significantly lesser knowledge. How to cite this article Verma L, Passi S, Sharma U, et al. Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices among Postgraduate Students of Panjab University, Chandigarh: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(2):113–118.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Verma
- Department of Pedodontics, Dr Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sidhi Passi
- Department of Pedodontics, Dr Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh, India
| | - Urvashi Sharma
- Department of Pedodontics, Dr Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jyoti Gupta
- Department of Periodontics, Dr Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh, India
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Sayar F, Hatami B, Akhondi N, Amini E, Pourkarimkhani S. Efficacy of peer mentoring versus dentist-led instruction for knowledge enhancement about oral health: A Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/jrdms.5.3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Lawal FB, Fagbule OF. Knowledge of School-Going Adolescents About the Oral Effects of Tobacco Usage in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2019; 40:337-343. [PMID: 31865853 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x19896730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The individual knowledge of the effects of tobacco usage on health plays an important role in its uptake. Tobacco consumption usually starts during adolescence, and lack of knowledge about the oral problems of tobacco usage probably plays a role in it. AIM To determine the knowledge of adolescents about the effect of tobacco usage on oral health. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,465 adolescents aged 12 to 20 years who attended senior secondary schools in a major city in Nigeria. Data were obtained through a semistructured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed with SPSS. RESULTS The mean age of respondents was 15.2 (±1.4) years. Only 40 (2.7%) of them used tobacco at the time of study and 992 (67.7%) said that tobacco usage has effect(s) on oral health. The main effects mentioned were mouth odor: 338 (34.1%); teeth discoloration: 297 (29.9%); tooth decay: 138 (13.9%); damage to teeth: 72 (7.3%); lip discoloration: 39 (3.9%); and oral cancer: 11 (1.1%). It was found that female respondents (72.1%, odds ratio = 1.4, confidence interval = 1.1-1.7, p = .005); those aged 12 to 15 years (73.6%, odds ratio = 2.0, confidence interval = 1.6-2.5, p < .001); and children of skilled workers (73.4%, odds ratio = 1.9, confidence interval = 1.2-3.0, p = .008) were more likely to mention that tobacco has adverse effect(s) on oral health. CONCLUSION Although two thirds of the students knew that tobacco usage has effects on oral health, there were gross inadequacies in the knowledge and misconceptions about those effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake B Lawal
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Omotayo F Fagbule
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Simangwa LD, Åstrøm AN, Johansson A, Minja IK, Johansson AK. Oral diseases and oral health related behaviors in adolescents living in Maasai population areas of Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:275. [PMID: 31391064 PMCID: PMC6685221 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral diseases, such as dental caries, tooth wear, dental erosion and periodontal diseases are major health problems in many societies. The study aim was to explore the association between oral health related behaviors and the presence of oral diseases in adolescents living in Maasai population areas in the northern part of Tanzania. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in 2016 using one stage cluster sample design. A total of 989 adolescents were invited and 906 (91.6%; (Maasais n = 721, non Maasais n = 185) accepted the invitation and completed an interview and clinical oral examination in a school setting (mean age 13.4 years, SD 1.2, range 12–17 years). Chi-square test, bivariate analysis and logistic regression were performed to analyze data. Results Logistic regression revealed that: adolescents with low frequency of tooth cleaning (OR = 10.0, CI 4.3–20.0) was associated with poor oral hygiene and that more regular tooth cleaning (OR = 0.1, CI 0.04–0.14) and the use of plastic type of tooth brush (OR = 0.7, CI 0.53–0.99) were associated with less gingival bleeding. High consumption of biscuits (OR = 2.5, CI 1.7–3.8) was associated with presence of dental caries and the use of magadi (OR = 24.2, CI 11.6–50.6) as a food additive was the covariate for more severe dental fluorosis (TF grade 5–9). Regular intake of carbonated soft drinks (OR = 1.6, CI 1.1–2.5) and regular tooth cleaning (OR = 1.7, CI 1.1–2.6) were independently associated with dental erosion. Using teeth as a tool for: biting nails (OR = 1.9, CI 1.4–2.4), opening soda (OR = 1.8, CI 1.4–2.4) and holding needles (OR = 1.6, CI 1.3–2.1) were covariates for tooth wear. Adolescents who reported to clench/grind their teeth (OR = 2.3, CI 1.5–3.7) was the only covariate for TMD. In several of the investigated factors, there were significant differences between the Maasai and non Maasai ethnic groups. Conclusion Oral health related behaviors have a significant impact on oral diseases/conditions among adolescents attending primary schools in Maasai population areas with obvious differences in behavior between the Maasai and non Maasai ethnic groups. There is a need for addressing oral health and to encourage behaviors that promote good oral health and dental care service utilization in this society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutango D Simangwa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Cariology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anne N Åstrøm
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Community Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Irene K Minja
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ann-Katrin Johansson
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Cariology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Sharma AS, Sheth SA, Dhaduk PJ, Chovateeya SR, Mistry BJ, Jogi MR. Oral Hygiene Practices and Factors Affecting Oral Health Service Utilization among Children (11-14 Years) of Government School of Nikol Ward of East Zone of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Contemp Clin Dent 2019; 10:299-303. [PMID: 32308294 PMCID: PMC7145258 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_549_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Oral hygiene practices and factors affecting oral health service utilization among the children of 10-16 years of age play a vital role in achieving comprehensive dental care. AIMS This study was done to assess oral hygiene practices, creating oral hygiene awareness, and to analyze the overt hurdles in getting basic and timely dental care among children. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a cross-sectional survey conducted among 200 schoolchildren aged 11-14 years using a pretested, semistructured questionnaire, and clinical examination was done to assess dental caries. Convenience sampling method was used, and the sample size for the study was equal to the total number of participants. The logistic regression analysis along with odds ratios with 95% confidence interval and P < 0.05 was also reported. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis of dental caries prevalence. RESULTS Around 70% of the study participants had the habit of brushing their teeth once daily, whereas only 30% of them used to brush their teeth twice daily. The prevalence of dental caries shows an upward trend with increasing age from 11 to 14 years. Cost of dental treatment, transportation, and dental taboos followed by fear of dental treatment are the major constraints for the students in accessing dental treatment. CONCLUSION School-based tooth brushing and oral health education programs should be regularly organized to promote healthy tooth brushing practices. The cost-effective and timely transportation services along with proper oral health education in alleviating fear of dental treatment and dental taboos should be provided to these children for enhancing the utilization of dental services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish S. Sharma
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.M.C. Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ashish S. Sharma, 30 Kunj Homes, Near Rameshwar School, Nava Nikol, Ahmedabad - 382 350, Gujarat, India. E-mail:
| | - Sona A. Sheth
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.M.C. Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Parshad J. Dhaduk
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.M.C. Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Siddhi R. Chovateeya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.M.C. Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Bansri J. Mistry
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.M.C. Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Megha R. Jogi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.M.C. Dental College & Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Lawal FB, Taiwo JO. Making a Case for Formal School-Based Oral Health Promotion: Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Pupils in Ibadan, Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2017; 38:99-105. [PMID: 29258388 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x17749574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Providing evidence for institution of school-based oral health promotion programs is paramount in developing countries, due to increasing unmet dental needs impacting on quality of life of children. Aim To evaluate oral health knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of pupils in a country lacking formal school oral health promotion. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,297 pupils in randomly selected primary schools in one city. Information on oral health KAP were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Responses to questions were graded, standardized, and data analyzed using SPSS. Results The mean age was 10.6 (±1.7) years. Mean KAP percentage scores were 18.1 (±5.0)%, 18.3 (±4.9)%, and 17.3 (±12.8)%, respectively. Older age, male gender, and previous dental consultations were significantly associated with higher KAP scores. Those who had been educated informally about oral health had higher mean KAP scores ( p = .013, p < .001, and p < .001, respectively). Previous oral health education and consultation with dentists were significant predictors of higher oral health practice scores. Conclusion Poor oral health KAP exists among the pupils. Those who had consulted the dentist or had oral health education had better KAP. These findings reinforce the need for formal school-based oral health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake B Lawal
- 1 Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, 113092 University of Ibadan and University College Hospital , Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Juliana O Taiwo
- 1 Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, 113092 University of Ibadan and University College Hospital , Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Blaggana A, Grover V, Anjali, Kapoor A, Blaggana V, Tanwar R, Kaur H, Haneet RK. Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice Behaviour among Secondary School Children in Chandigarh. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC01-ZC06. [PMID: 27891447 PMCID: PMC5121785 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/23640.8633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral health knowledge is considered to be an essential prerequisite for health-related practices and better oral health. Healthy practices adopted at young age are more sustainable. AIM Present cross-sectional exploratory study was planned to assess oral health knowledge and practices of secondary school students in Chandigarh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was under-taken amongst 1027 secondary level school students, in Chandigarh, India. After obtaining informed consent subjects were administered pretested self administered questionnaire addressing demographics, knowledge, attitude and practice behaviour of participants. Frequency analysis was done using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Survey revealed that only 40% subjects brushed twice daily. About 17% reported use of dental floss and 20% used either mouthwash or tongue cleaner as adjuncts. A total of 58% had knowledge that infrequent brushing led to dental caries, staining of teeth, dental plaque and bleeding from gums. Most of them knew sweets (92.7%) and soft drinks (67.8%) affected dental health. Only 12.9% visited dentist regularly after every 6-12 months. CONCLUSION Efficacy of dental health education can be increased only if health programs are tailored to directly impinge on attitudes of targeted population, especially school children in whom healthy practices can be inculcated easily and be sustained for long times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Blaggana
- Professor, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implanatology, SGT Dental College, Gurugarm, Haryana, India
| | - Vishaka Grover
- Associate Professor, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implanatology, Dr. H. S. J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Punjab University, Chandigarh, Panjab, India
| | - Anjali
- Student, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implanatology, S.G.R.D Institute of Dental Sciences, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Anoop Kapoor
- Professor and Head, Department of Periodontology, Sri Sukhmani Dental College and Hospital, Dera Bassi, Punjab, India
| | - Vikram Blaggana
- Professor and Head, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implanatology, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Tanwar
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SGT Dental College, Gurugarm, Haryana, India
| | - Harleen Kaur
- PG Student, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implanatology, National Dental College and Hospital, Dera Bassi, Punjab, India
| | - Ryana Kaur Haneet
- Assistant Editor, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, New Delhi, India
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22
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Agbaje HO, Kolawole KA, Folayan MO, Onyejaka NK, Oziegbe EO, Oyedele TA, Chukwumah NM, Oshomoji OV. Digit Sucking, Age, Sex, and Socioeconomic Status as Determinants of Oral Hygiene Status and Gingival Health of Children in Suburban Nigeria. J Periodontol 2016; 87:1047-56. [PMID: 27240472 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study determines prevalence of digit sucking and gingivitis, and association among age, sex, socioeconomic status, presence of digit-sucking habits, oral hygiene status (OHS), and gingivitis among a group of Nigerian children. METHODS Data of 992 children aged 1 to 12 years recruited through a household survey conducted in Osun State, Nigeria were analyzed. Information on age, sex, socioeconomic status, and history of digit-sucking habits were collected. Children were assessed for OHS and severity of gingivitis using the simplified oral hygiene index and the gingival index, respectively. Predictors of presence of gingivitis and poor oral hygiene were determined using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS One (0.2%) and 454 (93.0%) children aged 1 to 5 years had poor oral hygiene and mild gingivitis, respectively. Twenty-two (4.4%) and 361 (72.9%) children aged 6 to 12 years had poor oral hygiene and mild gingivitis, respectively. The odds of having poor oral hygiene (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20 to 0.35; P <0.001) and gingivitis (AOR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.31; P <0.001) was significantly reduced for children aged 1 to 5 years. The odds of having gingivitis was increased in children with low socioeconomic status (AOR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.32 to 3.31; P = 0.002). There was no significant relationship among sex, digit sucking, OHS, and presence of gingivitis. CONCLUSIONS A digit-sucking habit did not increase chances of having poor oral hygiene and gingivitis. Increasing age and low socioeconomic status were factors that significantly increased chances of having poor oral hygiene and gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakeem O Agbaje
- Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo A Kolawole
- Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex
| | - Morenike O Folayan
- Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex
| | - Nneka K Onyejaka
- Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth O Oziegbe
- Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex
| | - Titus A Oyedele
- Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Nneka M Chukwumah
- Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun V Oshomoji
- Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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23
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Rwakatema DS, Ananduni KN, Katiti VW, Msuya M, Chugulu J, Kapanda G. Oral health in nursing students at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre teaching hospital in Moshi, Tanzania. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:23. [PMID: 25881237 PMCID: PMC4367970 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of dental caries, oral hygiene levels and assessment of the oral health knowledge and practices of nursing students at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre teaching hospital in Moshi, Tanzania. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was done on 217 student nurse population at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Teaching Hospital in Moshi, Tanzania in 2014. Ethical approval was obtained from the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Ethical Committee. A questionnaire probing on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and practices on selected oral health issues was administered to the students. Students were also examined for oral hygiene and dental caries using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and WHO 1997 recommended method respectively. RESULTS There were 214 (98.6%) respondents aged between 18 and 53 years (mean age was 27.2 SD ± 7.35 years). About 72% of the respondents were in the young age group (below 31 years), 63.1% were pursuing Diploma in Nursing while the rest were pursuing Bachelor of Science in Nursing. Although oral health knowledge of the respondents was generally poor, more students pursuing Bachelor of Science in Nursing had significant adequate oral health knowledge than those who were pursuing Diploma in Nursing (p = 0.05). Population Oral Hygiene Index- Simplified was 0.41 meaning good oral hygiene in the current population. Overall, caries prevalence was 40.2%. The mean population DMFT was 1.34 (SD ± 2.44). The decay component was 0.53 (SD ± 1.29), whereas the missing component was 0.67 (SD ± 1.34) and filled component was 0.14 (SD ± 0.69). Significantly more students in the older age group had more missing and filled teeth than their counterparts in the young age group (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION Majority of the students in this population had good oral hygiene and a very low DMFT. There was poor basic oral health knowledge and poor recall visit to dental personnel. Curriculum development in these school programmes should strengthen or encompass comprehensive oral health education components. This will empower nursing professional with basic oral health knowledge and promotive oral health behaviors and hence to disseminate to the clients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor William Katiti
- Faculty of Nursing, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College of Makumira University, Arusha, Tanzania.
| | - Marycelina Msuya
- Faculty of Nursing, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College of Makumira University, Arusha, Tanzania.
| | - Juliet Chugulu
- Faculty of allied Health Sciences, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College of Makumira University, Arusha, Tanzania.
| | - Gibson Kapanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College of Makumira University, Arusha, Tanzania.
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24
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Reddy V, Bennadi D, Gaduputi S, Kshetrimayum N, Siluvai S, Reddy CVK. Oral health related knowledge, attitude, and practice among the pre-university students of Mysore city. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2014; 4:154-8. [PMID: 25374832 PMCID: PMC4209613 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.142012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To determine the oral health related behavior, knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pre-university students of Mysore city. Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 1000 pre-university students of Mysore city. Results: Statistical tests such as percentage distribution and Chi-square were used. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Most of the students (88%, n = 880) knew that dental health reflects on the general health. Eighty-nine percent (n = 890) of students were aware that sweets and sticky food cause dental decay. Majority of the students (90%, n = 900) agreed that they visited dentist only when they had pain and cleaned their teeth once daily using toothbrush and tooth paste in vertical and horizontal motion. Conclusion: The study showed that the students had good knowledge about the basic oral health measures necessary to maintain proper oral health, but their attitude and practices toward oral health was relatively poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veera Reddy
- Department of Dentistry, General Hospital, Molkalamuru, Chitradurga District, Karnataka, India
| | - Darshana Bennadi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sree Siddhartha Dental College and Hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Gaduputi
- Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Darshan Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nandita Kshetrimayum
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Dental College, Lamphelpat, Imphal West, Manipur, India
| | - Sibyl Siluvai
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chava Venkata Konda Reddy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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25
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Dumitrescu AL, Ibric S, Ibric-Cioranu V. Assessing oral cancer knowledge in Romanian undergraduate dental students. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2014; 29:506-513. [PMID: 24771107 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-014-0659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the level of Romanian dental students' knowledge regarding the oral cancer risk and non-risk factors as well as oral cancer signs, symptoms, and diagnostic signs. A total of 192 first- to sixth-year undergraduate dental students (mean age 22.20 ± 2.94 years) who consented to participate in the study filled in a questionnaire enquiring about their knowledge of oral cancer. A score of the oral cancer knowledge was calculated for each participant based on their correct answers. Regarding the knowledge of oral cancer risk factors, the vast majority of the students correctly recognized tobacco (96.8 %), having a prior oral cancer lesion (85.1 %), the consumption of alcohol (77.7 %), and older age (64.2 %). Respectively, 87.7 and 54.3 % knew the tongue and the floor of mouth to be the most common oral cancer sites. Of the students, 71.3 % agreed that oral cancer examinations for those 20 years of age and older should be provided during regular periodic health examinations, 92.9 % considered that patients with suspicious oral lesions should be referred to specialists, and 84.6 % agreed that oral cancer examinations should be a routine part of a comprehensive oral examination. A significant association was found between the year of study in the dental school, age, and knowledge of the oral cancer knowledge scores. Although students' knowledge increased with academic year, there is a clear need to enhance the dental curricula in oral cancer clinical training in oral cancer prevention and examination for dental students.
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26
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Singh MS, Tuli AK. A comparative evaluation of oral hygiene practices, oral health status, and behavior between graduate and post-graduate dentists of North India: An epidemiological survey. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2014; 3:19-24. [PMID: 24478975 PMCID: PMC3894097 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.115713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The present study was carried out to compare oral hygiene practices, oral health status and behavior of graduate and postgraduate dentists of North India. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out among 727 dentists (446 graduate i.e., Group A and 281 post graduate i.e., Group B) through an online questionnaire. The questionnaire covered oral hygiene regimen, adverse oral habits, information regarding dental visits and dental treatment. Results: Results showed less than adequate oral hygiene practices among both the groups with more so in the graduate group (P ≤ 0.05). Very few dentists in both the groups reported any adverse oral habit. A more positive (P ≤ 0.05) attitude towards regular dental check up and dental treatment was seen in post-graduate dentists when compared to graduates. Conclusion: Very few dentists in both the groups followed ideal dental hygiene regimen. Dentists are the role models for the society as far as oral health is concerned; hence they need to be more responsible and lay more stress on their daily regimen and improve the scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maan Surinder Singh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Uttaranchal Dental and Medical Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Aaswin Kaur Tuli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Uttaranchal Dental and Medical Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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27
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Wei H, Wang YL, Cong XN, Tang WQ, Wei PM. Survey and analysis of dental caries in students at a deaf-mute high school. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2012; 33:1279-1286. [PMID: 22502855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present cross-sectional study was conducted to assess and compare the prevalence of dental caries of 229 deaf adolescents in a special senior high school and to identify factors related to dental caries, with a match group of 196 healthy adolescents in a normal senior high school, in Jiangsu province of East China. In this study the prevalence of dental caries was 55.9%, Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index in deaf students was 1.40±1.89; in healthy students was 13.8% and 1.36±1.72, respectively. Relatively lower proportion of awareness on dental health knowledge and lower proper practice of dental health behavior have been observed among deaf students compared with the control group. Multiple logistic regressions showed that the risk factors of dental caries in deaf students involved high frequency of consuming dessert and carbonated beverage. Poor oral health, lack of oral health knowledge and proper oral health practice could be found in deaf students. The dental treatment for the two groups was urgently needed. The dental health education concerning dietary behavior and prevention program to the deaf students and their parents should be reinforced; the supervision of oral health behavior for deaf and healthy students needs to be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Southeast University Hospital, Nanjing, China
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28
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Carneiro LC, Kabulwa MN. Dental Caries, and Supragingival Plaque and Calculus among Students, Tanga, Tanzania. ISRN DENTISTRY 2012; 2012:245296. [PMID: 22461985 PMCID: PMC3313561 DOI: 10.5402/2012/245296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of dental caries and supragingival plaque and calculus in 785 secondary schools students was assessed. More than half (53.6%) of the students were caries-free, and the majority of those with dental caries experience were aged 14-17 (68.1%) and females (53%). Mean DMFT was 1.26, with mean D-component of 1.05, and molars were most affected. Most students had supragingival plaque (74%) and calculus (56.9%) and more so in males than females (P > 0.05). Less than half of the students had experience of dental caries and those with caries were mostly females and of the younger age group. The low DMFT was contributed to the D-component, and molars were the tooth type most affected.The majority of students had supra-gingival plaque and calculus and more so in males than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. C. Carneiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65451, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - M. N. Kabulwa
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65014, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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