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Kouser V H, Nayab M, Ansari AN, Mir MA, Anwar M. Efficacy of wet cupping in the pain management of cervical spondylosis - A randomized, controlled, open -label, parallel-group clinical trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 39:126-131. [PMID: 38876616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cervical spondylosis is a chronic degenerative process of the cervical spine characterized by pain in neck, degenerative changes in intervertebral disc and osteophyte formation. Cervical spondylosis is translated as Waja' ur Raqaba, a type of joint pain. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of wet cupping in the pain management of cervical spondylosis. METHODS This Open, randomized, controlled, clinical study was conducted on 44 patients. Subjects in the test group (n = 22) received a series of three-staged wet cupping treatment, performed on 0, 7th and 14th day. Subjects in the control group (n = 22) received 12 sittings of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): 6 sittings per week for two weeks. The objective findings of treatment were assessed with the help of VAS, Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Cervical range of motion. RESULTS Intra group comparison in test group from baseline to 21st day were found highly significant (p < 0.001) in terms of VAS, NDI, Flexion, Extension and Left rotation score. While in Right rotation, Left rotation and Left lateral flexion score were found moderately significant (p < 0.01). Statistically significant difference was observed between two groups at 21st day in VAS scale, NDI, and Cervical range of motion score (p < 0.001). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION Ḥijāma Bish Sharṭ was found better in the management of pain due to cervical spondylosis than TENS. It can be concluded that Ḥijāma Bish Sharṭ may a better option for the pain management of cervical spondylosis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered on clinical trial registry website (www.ctri.nic.in) bearing a CTRI Number, CTRI/2020/03/024,249.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Kouser V
- PG Scholar, Dept. of Ilaj Bit Tadbeer, NIUM, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mohd Nayab
- Assistant Professor, Dept. of Ilaj Bit Tadbeer, NIUM, Bengaluru, India.
| | | | - Manzoor Ahmad Mir
- Medical Officer, Government Health Services, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Anwar
- Professor & Chairman, Dept. of Ilaj Bit Tadbeer, AKTC, AMU, Aligarh, India
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Rios WRC, Almeida Silva HJ, Pontes NS, Pontes-Silva A, Avila MA, Saragiotto BT, Júnior JJDA, Barbosa GM, de Souza MC. Use of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal disorders: A cross-sectional study on the profile, training, and practice of Brazilian physical therapists. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2024; 71:102943. [PMID: 38520876 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2024.102943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cupping therapy is a widely used technique in Brazilian physical therapy for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support its effectiveness. OBJECTIVE To investigate the profile, training, clinical practice, and scientific updates of Brazilian Physical Therapists who use cupping therapy as a therapeutic resource for musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire, including 646 Physical Therapists who use cupping therapy in their practice. All data were analysed descriptively. RESULTS Cupping therapy is a technique that has been widely adopted in clinical practice by Physical Therapists, particularly among young, female professionals who have recently graduated from private universities. The primary reason for interest in this technique among these Physical Therapists is the high demand from patients. Additionally, it is often used in conjunction with other manual therapeutic techniques. They identified easy access, low cost, and ease of use as the key factors that make cupping therapy an attractive option. However, a lack of high-quality scientific evidence, as described in the literature, was identified as a major barrier to its use. CONCLUSION The Physical Therapists included in this study use cupping therapy in their clinical practice, relying heavily on their own experience and the preferences of their patients, rather than utilizing the third pillar of evidence-based practice, which is to rely on the best available evidence. This study suggests that these Physical Therapists are currently implementing a technique without current scientific recommendations for its use in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Rodrigo Costa Rios
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo Jario Almeida Silva
- Neuromuscular Plasticity Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayara Silva Pontes
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences (PPGCREAB), Health Sciences College of Trairi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - André Pontes-Silva
- Study Group on Chronic Pain (NEDoC), Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Arias Avila
- Study Group on Chronic Pain (NEDoC), Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Tirotti Saragiotto
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Discipline of Physiotherapy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Jailson de Almeida Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health (PPGSACOL), Public Health Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Germanna Medeiros Barbosa
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences (PPGCREAB), Health Sciences College of Trairi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cardoso de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences (PPGCREAB), Health Sciences College of Trairi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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Irnich D, Bäumler P, Beißner F, Broscheit J, Cramer H, Fleckenstein J, Kieselbach K, Langhorst J, Lucius H, Michalsen A, Seifert G, Usichenko T. [Scientific shortcomings in the CME article on complementary medicine in pain therapy]. Schmerz 2023; 37:372-377. [PMID: 37728709 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-023-00758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Irnich
- Interdisziplinäre Schmerzambulanz, Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, LMU Klinikum, LMU München, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336, München, Deutschland.
| | - Petra Bäumler
- Interdisziplinäre Schmerzambulanz, Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, LMU Klinikum, LMU München, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336, München, Deutschland
| | - Florian Beißner
- Insula-Institut für integrative Therapieforschung gGmbH, Aronstabweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Jens Broscheit
- Schmerzambulanz, Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Schmerzmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Uniklinikum Würzburg, Straubmühlweg 2a, Haus A9, 97078, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - Holger Cramer
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin und Interprofessionelle Versorgung, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Johannes Fleckenstein
- Abteilung Sportmedizin, Institut für Sportwissenschaften, Ginnheimer Landstr. 39, 60487, Frankfurt, Deutschland
- Interdisziplinäres Schmerzzentrum: Ambulanz und Tagesklinik, Klinikum Landsberg am Lech, Bgm.-Dr.-Hartmann-Str. 50, 86899, Landsberg am Lech, Deutschland
| | - Kristin Kieselbach
- Interdisziplinäres Schmerzzentrum ISZ, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 117, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - Jost Langhorst
- Klinik für Integrative Medizin und Naturheilkunde, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Klinikum Bamberg, Buger Straße 80, 96049, Bamberg, Deutschland
| | - Harald Lucius
- Schmerztherapie auf der Geest, Bollingstedter Weg 2, 24855, Gammellund, Deutschland
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsökonomie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Standort Berlin-Wannsee, Königstraße 63, 14109, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Georg Seifert
- Klinik für Pädiatrie mit Schwerpunkt Onkologie und Hämatologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Taras Usichenko
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Anästhesie, Intensiv‑, Notfall- und Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
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Hübner J, Keinki C, Büntzel J. [CAM procedures in pain therapy: an evidence-based discourse is needed]. Schmerz 2023; 37:378-388. [PMID: 37728710 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-023-00759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Hübner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Deutschland.
| | - Christian Keinki
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Jens Büntzel
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Krankheiten, Abteilung für Palliativmedizin, Südharzklinikum Nordhausen, Nordhausen, Deutschland
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Kim Y, Kim J, Lee T, Kim E, Kim KH, Yang GY. Evaluating the efficacy of moving cupping for chronic low back pain using shear wave elastography: A parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34067. [PMID: 37543769 PMCID: PMC10402958 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Moving cupping has gained popularity as a complementary therapy for managing CLBP owing to its noninvasive and cost-effective nature. However, the lack of objective measures to assess its therapeutic effect has been a considerable challenge in evaluating the effectiveness of moving cupping for CLBP management. METHODS We developed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) protocol for evaluating the effectiveness of a noninvasive treatment using moving cupping by assessing muscle relaxation with shear wave elastography (SWE). It involves the recruitment of 68 patients with CLBP and randomly assigns them to either the treatment or control group. The treatment group will receive moving cupping therapy for 2 weeks, while the control group will receive placebo treatment. It will utilize SWE to evaluate muscle relaxation at baseline, after 2 weeks of treatment, and 1 week after the end of treatment. Subjective reports of pain intensity and quality of life are also recorded at each time point. DISCUSSION The protocol developed here utilizes SWE to objectively measure muscle stiffness, and coupled with moving cupping therapy, may be effective in conveying relative comparisons before and after treatment. Moving cupping therapy is expected to promote muscle relaxation and pain relief in patients with CLBP. This study has the potential to contribute to the development of objective measures for evaluating the therapeutic effects of traditional therapies and to provide valuable insight into their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonhak Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Jihun Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Taewook Lee
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Eunseok Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Kun Hyung Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Gi Young Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
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Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2023; 36:3-19. [PMID: 35848010 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-210242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cupping therapy has been used to treat musculoskeletal impairments for about 4000 years. Recently, world athletes have provoked an interest in it, however, the evidence to support its use in managing musculoskeletal and sports conditions remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evidence level of the effect of cupping therapy in managing common musculoskeletal and sports conditions. METHODS 2214 studies were identified through a computerized search, of which 22 met the inclusion criteria. The search involved randomized and case series studies published between 1990 and 2019. The search involved five databases (Scopus, MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Academic Search Complete PLUS (EBSCO), and CrossRef) and contained studies written in the English language. Three analyses were included: the quality assessment using the PEDro scale, physical characteristic analysis, and evidence-based analysis. RESULTS The results showed that most studies used dry cupping, except five which used wet cupping. Most studies compared cupping therapy to non-intervention, the remaining studies compared cupping to standard medical care, heat, routine physiotherapy, electrical stimulation, active range of motion and stretching, passive stretching, or acetaminophen. Treatment duration ranged from 1 day to 12 weeks. The evidence of cupping on increasing soft tissue flexibility is moderate, decreasing low back pain or cervical pain is low to moderate, and treating other musculoskeletal conditions is very low to low. The incidence of adverse events is very low. CONCLUSION This study provides the first attempt to analyze the evidence level of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation. However, cupping therapy has low to moderate evidence in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation and might be used as a useful intervention because it decreases the pain level and improves blood flow to the affected area with low adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman A Mohamed
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.,Faculty of Physical Therapy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Yih-Kuen Jan
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Shen WC, Jan YK, Liau BY, Lin Q, Wang S, Tai CC, Lung CW. Effectiveness of self-management of dry and wet cupping therapy for low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32325. [PMID: 36595746 PMCID: PMC9794267 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) can significantly affect a person's quality of life. Cupping has been used to treat LBP. However, various cupping methods are typically included in evaluating the efficacy of cupping therapy. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the evidence from the literature regarding the effects of dry and wet cupping therapy on LBP in adults. Dry and wet cupping therapy are analyzed categorically in this study. METHODS We searched for randomized clinical trials with cupping in LBP published between 2008 and 2022. In dry or wet cupping clinical studies, pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale and present pain intensity, and the quality of life intensity was measured using the Oswestry disability index. RESULTS The 656 studies were identified, of which 10 studies for 690 patients with LBP were included in the meta-analysis. There was a significant reduction in the pain intensity score with present pain intensity using wet cupping therapy (P < .01). In addition, both cupping therapy groups displayed significant Oswestry disability index score reduction compared to the control group (both P < .01). The patients with LBP have a substantial reduction by using wet cupping but have not shown a considerable decrease by using dry cupping (P = .19). In addition, only wet cupping therapy groups displayed a significantly improved quality of life compared to the control group. The study had a very high heterogeneity (I2 > 50%). It means there is no standardization in the treatment protocol in randomized clinical trials. In the meta-regression, there was statistically significant evidence that the number of treatment times and intercepts were related (P < .01). CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis shows that wet cupping therapy effectively reduces the pain intensity of LBP. Furthermore, both dry wet cupping therapy improved patients with LBP quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Shen
- Department of Digital Media Design, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Kuen Jan
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
- Computational Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Ben-Yi Liau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Quanxin Lin
- Department of Creative Product Design, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Song Wang
- Division of Chinese Medicine, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Tai
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Lung
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
- Department of Creative Product Design, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Effects of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, Cupping, and Massage on Sports Injuries: A Narrative Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9467002. [PMID: 35668787 PMCID: PMC9167071 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9467002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
With the evolution of society, an increasing number of people have realized the importance of sports on human health. However, participation in sports is a double-edged sword as improperly exercising can lead to injury. Many athletes and patients with sports injuries choose traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) when modern medicine fails to relieve their musculoskeletal symptoms. TCM is a splendid legacy of Chinese civilization whose therapies are effective, economical, and convenient, with some administration by trained patients at home. This review analyzes the literature on the application of acupuncture, moxibustion, massage, and cupping in sports injuries to provide novel ideas for the application of TCM in sports medicine.
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Effectiveness of Negative Pulsed-Pressure Myofascial Vacuum Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise in Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071984. [PMID: 35407595 PMCID: PMC8999761 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-specific low back pain is defined as pain located in the lumbar region; this condition is the most frequent musculoskeletal disorder. Negative pulsed-pressure myofascial vacuum therapy (vacuum treatment (VT)) devices mobilize tissue according to previously programmed parameters of force, time and frequency. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of VT combined with core therapeutic exercise versus a physical therapy program (PTP) based only on core therapeutic exercise. Fifty participants with chronic non-specific low back pain were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, the VT group (n = 25) or the PTP group (n = 25). Pain, pressure-pain threshold, range of motion, functionality and quality of life were measured before treatment, at the end of treatment, and at one-month and three-month follow-ups. Both groups received 15 therapy sessions over 5 weeks. Statistically significant differences in favor of the VT group were shown in the results. In conclusion, the intervention based on myofascial vacuum therapy improved pain, mobility, pressure pain threshold, functionality and quality of life.
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Peluso R, Hesson J, Aikens J, Bullock M. An Update on Physical Therapy Adjuncts in Orthopedics. Arthroplast Today 2022; 14:163-169. [PMID: 35330664 PMCID: PMC8938198 DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical therapy is a necessary part of the recovery process after most orthopedic procedures. Effective treatment, patient satisfaction, and financial reimbursement hinge on the successful implementation of both surgical and nonsurgical interventions. Evidence-based practice and open communication between therapists and orthopedic surgeons continue to form the foundation of patient care. The aim of this paper is to familiarize orthopedic surgeons with the relevant data behind some of the recent advances in rehabilitation adjuncts to better address the needs of our patients. Although each intervention has been found to be relatively safe, high-quality evidence is still sparse. Opportunities exist for improved outcomes with further well-designed studies to investigate the role of these therapy modalities among orthopedic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Peluso
- Department of Orthopaedics, Marshall University, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Jacob Hesson
- Marshall University, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Jordan Aikens
- Marshall University, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Matthew Bullock
- Department of Orthopaedics, Marshall University, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
- Corresponding author. 1600 Medical Center Drive Suite G500, Huntington, WV 25701, USA. Tel.: +1 724 825 6766.
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Smith JD, Morrison A, Villarreal M. Effects of Brief Dry Cupping on Muscle Soreness in the Gastrocnemius Muscle and Flexibility of the Ankle. THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2021.23.4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of brief dry cupping on muscle soreness of the gastrocnemius muscle and range of motion (ROM) in the ankle.METHODS Thirty-six participants (age=29±10 yrs, ht=173.8±10.3 cm, wt=75.3±15.9 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups: A (no exercise), B (bilateral heel drops to exhaustion), and C (right unilateral heel drops to exhaustion). Dorsiflexion ROM was assessed bilaterally for all groups. All participants received the cupping protocol on the right gastrocnemius, but C also received it on the left. Dry cupping was applied using four two-inch cups in four quadrants on the calf for 90 seconds. Soreness was reported using a 10-point VAS scale at 24- and 48-hours. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine the effects of cupping on soreness and range of motion, respectively. Alpha was set at 0.05 for all tests.RESULTS A significant difference in muscle soreness existed between right (3.58±1.31 VAS) and left (2.83±1.02 VAS) calves for group B at 24 hours (p = 0.029). No other significant differences existed between calves that were and were not cupped (p > 0.05). No significant differences in ROM occurred between any conditions (p > 0.05).CONCLUSION Ninety seconds of dry cupping on the calf may reduce 24-hr muscle soreness after performing heel drops to exhaustion, but has no effect on ROM.
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Hou X, Wang X, Griffin L, Liao F, Peters J, Jan YK. Immediate and Delayed Effects of Cupping Therapy on Reducing Neuromuscular Fatigue. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:678153. [PMID: 34277583 PMCID: PMC8280458 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.678153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cupping therapy has been popular in elite athletes in recent years. However, the effect of cupping therapy on reducing muscle fatigue has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate and delayed effects of cupping therapy on reducing biceps brachii fatigue during biceps curls. Twelve healthy untrained participants were recruited for this repeated-measures study. Cupping therapy (–300 mmHg pressure for 5 min) and sham control (no negative pressure for 5 min) were applied after biceps fatigue induced by performing repeated biceps curls at 75% of the 10 repetitions of maximum of the non-dominant hand. Surface electromyography (EMG) with spectral analyses [mean frequency (MNF), median frequency (MDF), and spectral moments ratio (SMR)] were used to assess muscle fatigue during the fatigue task. EMG signals during the first 10 repetitions and the last 10 repetitions of biceps curls were used to assess neuromuscular fatigue. There were significant decreases in MNF and MDF and a significant increase in SMR immediately and 24 h after the sham control (no intervention). When comparing the MNF, MDF, and SMR after cupping therapy to the sham control, there was no significant immediate effect on reducing muscle fatigue. However, there was a significant delayed effect on improving recovery following fatigue for the cupping therapy compared to the sham control (MNF changes: sham 0.87 ± 0.02 vs. cupping 0.91 ± 0.02, p < 0.05; MDF changes sham: 0.85 ± 0.03 vs. cupping: 0.91 ± 0.02, p < 0.05; SMR changes: sham 1.89 ± 0.15 vs. cupping 1.58 ± 0.13, p < 0.05). The findings of this study demonstrate that there is a time effect of cupping therapy for reducing muscle fatigue. Cupping therapy is effective on reducing biceps brachii muscle fatigue after 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hou
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lisa Griffin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Fuyuan Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China
| | - Joseph Peters
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Yih-Kuen Jan
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
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Abdulah DM, Mohammedsadiq HA, Mohammed AH. Effectiveness of wet cupping therapy on relieving pain in patients with chronic migraine: an observational study. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 18:569-577. [PMID: 33793142 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic migraine is a disabling condition that negatively affects many aspects of migraineurs' lives. Patients who use pharmacological agents experience various side effects. Some studies have reported clinical improvement following wet cupping therapy in migraine patients. This study examined the effectiveness of wet cupping therapy on headache severity and its complications in patients with migraine. METHODS In this study, a total of 29 patients previously diagnosed with migraine were treated with wet cupping therapy and followed up for headache severity. The severity of pain was measured before therapy, 1 h after therapy, and one month after therapy. The wet cupping therapy was performed by an experienced nurse who was not part of the research team. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 36.17 (Sta. Deviation: 10.74 years; range: 22-68 years), and on average, patients had experienced migraine for 11.14 years. The severity of headache pain was decreased significantly from 6.66 (very intense pain) before cupping therapy to 2.48 (discomforting pain) 1 h after cupping therapy and 0.72 (very mild pain) one month after cupping therapy (p<0.001). The observed complications were skin pigmentation (6.9%), skin scarring (24.1%), and itching in the cupping region (31.0%). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests a significant improvement in the severity of headache in migraine patients 1 h and one month after wet cupping therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ary Habeeb Mohammed
- Community and Family Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
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Dueñas L, Zamora T, Lluch E, Artacho-Ramírez MA, Mayoral O, Balasch S, Balasch-Bernat M. The effect of vibration therapy on neck myofascial trigger points: A randomized controlled pilot study. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2020; 78:105071. [PMID: 32521284 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2020.105071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-frequency self-administered vibration therapy into myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius and levator scapulae on patients with chronic non-specific neck pain. METHODS Twenty-eight patients with chronic non-specific neck pain were randomly assigned into a vibration group, receiving 10 self-applied sessions of vibration therapy in the upper trapezius and levator scapulae trigger points; or a control group, receiving no intervention. Self-reported neck pain and disability (Neck Disability Index) and pressure pain threshold were assessed at baseline and after the first, fifth and 10th treatment sessions. FINDINGS Significant differences were found in the vibration group when compared to the control group after the treatment period: the vibration group reached lower Neck Disability Index scores (F = 4.74, P = .033, η2 = 0.07) and greater pressure pain threshold values (F = 7.56, P = .01, η2 = 0.10) than the control group. The vibration group reported a significant reduction in Neck Disability Index scores (χ2 = 19,35, P = .00, Kendall's W = 0.28) and an increase in pressure pain threshold (χ2 = 87,10, P = .00, Kendall's W = 0.73) between the assessment times over the course of the treatment. The mean increase in pressure pain threshold in the vibration group after the 10 sessions was 8.54 N/cm2, while the mean reduction in Neck Disability Index scores was 4.53 points. INTERPRETATION Vibration therapy may be an effective intervention for reducing self-reported neck pain and disability and pressure pain sensitivity in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain. This tool could be recommended for people with non-specific neck pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dueñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Valencia, Gascó Oliag 5, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - T Zamora
- European Sleep Care Institute, San Vicente 16, 46023, Valencia, Spain.
| | - E Lluch
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Valencia, Gascó Oliag 5, 46010, Valencia, Spain; "Pain in Motion" international research group, Belgium.
| | - M A Artacho-Ramírez
- Department of Engineering Projects, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain.
| | - O Mayoral
- Physical Therapy Unit, Hospital Provincial de Toledo, Toledo, Spain.
| | - S Balasch
- Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain.
| | - M Balasch-Bernat
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Valencia, Gascó Oliag 5, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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Stephens SL, Selkow NM, Hoffman NL. Dry Cupping Therapy for Improving Nonspecific Neck Pain and Subcutaneous Hemodynamics. J Athl Train 2020; 55:682-690. [PMID: 32556324 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-236-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dry cupping therapy is a noninvasive treatment commonly used to reduce pain and promote the healing process in various populations, including those with nonspecific neck pain; however, no data are available to support most of this method's true physiological benefits. OBJECTIVE To determine if dry cupping therapy decreased pain and increased subcutaneous blood flow compared with sham cupping and control conditions. DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. SETTING Laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 participants (age = 22.5 ± 2.8 years, height = 173.3 ± 10.1 cm, mass = 76.6 ± 18.7 kg) with self-reported nonspecific neck pain. INTERVENTION(S) We used dry cupping and sham cupping interventions and a control condition. For the dry cupping intervention, 1 stationary cup was placed directly over the most painful area for 8 minutes. The sham cupping intervention followed the same procedures as the dry cupping intervention except a sham cup was applied. For the control condition, participants received no treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Subjective pain intensity (visual analog scale); pain-pressure threshold; subcutaneous hemodynamics, including superficial and deep oxygenated, deoxygenated, and total hemoglobin levels; and tissue saturation index. RESULTS We observed differences in the visual analog scale score and the superficial and deep oxygenated and total hemoglobin levels (P values ≤ .002) immediately postintervention compared with baseline. Post hoc tests revealed that the dry cupping group had less pain than the sham cupping and control groups and higher superficial and deep oxygenated and total hemoglobin levels (P values ≤ .008). No differences were found between baseline and 24 hours postintervention. CONCLUSIONS A single session of dry cupping therapy may be an effective short-term treatment method for immediately reducing pain and increasing oxygenated and total hemoglobin levels in patients with nonspecific neck pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noelle M Selkow
- School of Kinesiology and Recreation, Illinois State University, Normal
| | - Nicole L Hoffman
- School of Kinesiology and Recreation, Illinois State University, Normal
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Zhou Y, Cao F, Li H, Huang X, Wei D, Wang L, Lai P. Photoacoustic imaging of microenvironmental changes in facial cupping therapy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:2394-2401. [PMID: 32499932 PMCID: PMC7249831 DOI: 10.1364/boe.387985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As a traditional medicine practice, cupping therapy has been widely used to relieve symptoms like fatigue, tension, and muscle pain. During the therapy, negative pressure is applied to the skin for a while with an intention to enhance blood circulation or induce micro-bleeding. The therapeutic effect, however, is not clear due to the lack of direct quantification. Aiming at a quantitative assessment of the treatment effect, we explore optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) in monitoring the structural and functional changes after cupping. We find that, after 5-minutes of ∼ 20 kPa negative pressure cupping, more capillaries appear in the focus, and micro-blooding is observed from the capillaries. We quantify the images and find the blood vessel density is increased by 64%, and the total hemoglobin concentration in both the veins and the arteries exhibits 62% and 40% elevation, respectively. Oxygen saturation in the vein and artery decreased by 17% and 3% right after cupping, respectively. After two hours of recovery, the three blood-related parameters return to their original levels, indicating that the effects in the tissue last only a short period after cupping at the given pressure and time duration. Note that no significant cupping marks are induced with the treatment parameters in this study. This work proposes OR-PAM to quantitatively monitor and evaluate the effect of cupping therapy from the perspective of imaging. The method is also useful for accurate control of the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Huanhao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiazi Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongshan Wei
- School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Lidai Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Puxiang Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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Viceconti A, Camerone EM, Luzzi D, Pentassuglia D, Pardini M, Ristori D, Rossettini G, Gallace A, Longo MR, Testa M. Explicit and Implicit Own's Body and Space Perception in Painful Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Scoping Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:83. [PMID: 32327984 PMCID: PMC7161420 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pain and body perception are essentially two subjective mutually influencing experiences. However, in the field of musculoskeletal disorders and rheumatic diseases we lack of a comprehensive knowledge about the relationship between body perception dysfunctions and pain or disability. We systematically mapped the literature published about the topics of: (a) somatoperception; (b) body ownership; and (c) perception of space, analysing the relationship with pain and disability. The results were organized around the two main topics of the assessment and treatment of perceptual dysfunctions. Methods: This scoping review followed the six-stage methodology suggested by Arksey and O'Malley. Ten electronic databases and grey literature were systematically searched. The PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews was used for reporting results. Two reviewers with different background, independently performed study screening and selection, and one author performed data extraction, that was checked by a second reviewer. Results: Thirty-seven studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The majority of studies (68%) concerned the assessment methodology, and the remaining 32% investigated the effects of therapeutic interventions. Research designs, methodologies adopted, and settings varied considerably across studies. Evidence of distorted body experience were found mainly for explicit somatoperception, especially in studies adopting self-administered questionnaire and subjective measures, highlighting in some cases the presence of sub-groups with different perceptual features. Almost half of the intervention studies (42%) provided therapeutic approaches combining more than one perceptual task, or sensory-motor tasks together with perceptual strategies, thus it was difficult to estimate the relative effectiveness of each single therapeutic component. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to systematically map and summarize this research area in the field of musculoskeletal disorders and rheumatic diseases. Although methodological limitations limit the validity of the evidence obtained, some strategies of assessment tested and therapeutic strategies proposed represent useful starting points for future research. This review highlights preliminary evidence, strengths, and limitations of the literature published about the research questions, identifying key points that remain opened to be addressed, and make suggestions for future research studies. Body representation, as well as pain perception and treatment, can be better understood if an enlarged perspective including body and space perception is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Viceconti
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maria Camerone
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
| | - Deborah Luzzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
| | - Debora Pentassuglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy.,Policlinico S. Martino IRCCS, Genova, Italy
| | - Diego Ristori
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rossettini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
| | - Alberto Gallace
- Neuromi, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,Mind and Behavior Technological Center- Mibtec, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthew R Longo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Testa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
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Schafer MD, Tom JC, Girouard TJ, Navalta JW, Turner CL, Radzak KN. Cupping Therapy Does Not Influence Healthy Adult's Hamstring Range of Motion Compared to Control or Sham Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2020; 13:216-224. [PMID: 32148629 PMCID: PMC7039498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cupping therapy, a form of traditional Chinese medicine, has recently gained popularity as a therapeutic modality among sports medicine clinicians. While the use of cupping therapy to decrease musculoskeletal pain is supported by recent research findings, evaluations on the use of cupping therapy to influence range of motion (ROM) are limited. The purpose of the study was to identify if cupping therapy applied passively for 10 minutes increases flexibility compared to sham treatment or control conditions. Twenty-five participants with hamstring ROM less than 80° and no previous cupping therapy experience completed the study. Participants reported to the laboratory on three occasions for one of three randomly assigned treatment conditions (cupping, sham, or control) for 10 minutes while prone. Hamstring flexibility was evaluated three times (pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 10-minutes post-treatment) via ROM measured during an active straight leg raise. Participants returned on two other occasions to receive the remaining treatment conditions. A 3 (treatment condition) × 3 (time) repeated measures analysis of variance was utilized for statistical analysis. There was no interaction between condition and time (p = 0.78). Within-subjects effects for time (p = 0.76) was not significant. Post hoc pairwise comparison of treatment conditions found no differences between control and cupping (p = 0.36), cupping and sham (p = 0.35), or control and sham (p=0.98) conditions. Cupping therapy applied statically for 10 minutes does not increase hamstring flexibility compared to a sham treatment or control condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Schafer
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jessica C Tom
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Tedd J Girouard
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - James W Navalta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Catherine L Turner
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Kara N Radzak
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Cramer H, Klose P, Teut M, Rotter G, Ortiz M, Anheyer D, Linde K, Brinkhaus B. Cupping for Patients With Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2020; 21:943-956. [PMID: 31982686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in nonpharmacological pain treatment options such as cupping. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of cupping in chronic pain. PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched through November 2018 for randomized controlled trials on effects of cupping on pain intensity and disability in patients with chronic pain. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Of the 18 included trials (n =1,172), most were limited by clinical heterogeneity and risk of bias. Meta-analyses found large short-term effects of cupping on pain intensity compared to no treatment (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.41, -.65), but no significant effects compared to sham cupping (SDM = -.27; 95% CI = -.58, .05) or other active treatment (SMD = -.24; 95% CI = -.57, .09). For disability, there were medium-sized short-term effects of cupping compared to no treatment (SMD = -.66; 95% CI = -.99, -.34), and compared to other active treatments (SMD = -.52; 95% CI = -1.03, -.0028), but not compared to sham cupping (SMD = -.26; 95% CI = -.57,.05). Adverse events were more frequent among patients treated with cupping compared to no treatment; differences compared to sham cupping or other active treatment were not statistically significant. Cupping might be a treatment option for chronic pain, but the evidence is still limited by the clinical heterogeneity and risk of bias. Perspective: This article presents the results of a meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of cupping with chronic pain. The results suggest that cupping might be a treatment option; however, the evidence is still limited due to methodical limitations of the included trials. High-quality trials seem warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Cramer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Petra Klose
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Teut
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele Rotter
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Ortiz
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Anheyer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Klaus Linde
- Institute of General Practice, Technical University of Munich, TUM Medical School, Munich, Germany
| | - Benno Brinkhaus
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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Tissue Stiffness is Not Related to Pain Experience: An Individually Controlled Study in Patients with Chronic Neck and Back Pain. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2019:1907168. [PMID: 31929809 PMCID: PMC6942862 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1907168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Massage therapies such as cupping are often applied in patients with chronic neck and back pain with the assumption that they can reduce increased tissue stiffness and, therefore, improve pain. The aim of this study was to clarify whether tissue stiffness is related to pain experience in patients with chronic (>3 months) back and neck pain and whether it can be altered by a cupping massage. Methods The tissue stiffness of the point of subjectively felt maximum pain intensity of 40 patients with neck (n = 20) or lower back pain (n = 20) was measured by a myometer. Exact contralateral side served as an individual control. Side of higher stiffness was then treated with a cupping massage. 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes as well as 24 hours after treatment, tissue stiffness was measured again. Patients rated their pain on a standardized pain questionnaire (neck pain disability score (NDI) or Oswestry disability index (ODI), respectively) before and 24 hours after treatment. Results Compared to the contralateral control side, the more painful side did not exhibit an increased stiffness of myofascial tissue before treatment (p=0.827). The tissue stiffness and the side difference between treated and nontreated control sides decreased significantly after cupping (p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively) but returned to baseline after 24 hours. NDI and ODI scores significantly decreased 24 hours after cupping (NDI: p=0.012, ODI: p=0.002). Conclusion Tissue stiffness might not be related to pain experience in patients with chronic neck and lower back pain. Trial registration: German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00011281).
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Silva HJDA, Saragiotto BT, Silva RS, Lins CADA, de Souza MC. Dry cupping in the treatment of individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain: a protocol for a placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e032416. [PMID: 31871257 PMCID: PMC6937004 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is a very prevalent condition in the population and cupping therapy has been presented as a frequently used non-pharmacological treatment in this population. However, there is a lack of well-designed studies that evaluate the effects of this technique. This protocol describes a placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind study that aims to evaluate the effect of dry cupping therapy on pain, physical function, trunk range of motion, quality of life and psychological symptoms in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Ninety individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain, aged from 18 to 59 years, will be randomised into two groups: intervention group, which will be submitted to dry cupping therapy application with two suctions; and placebo group which will undergo placebo dry cupping therapy. Both applications will occur bilaterally in parallel to the vertebrae from L1 to L5. The application will be performed once a week for 8 weeks. The volunteers will be evaluated before the treatment (T0), immediately after the first intervention (T1), after 4 weeks of intervention (T4) and after 8 weeks of intervention (T8). The primary outcome will be pain intensity, and secondary outcomes will be physical function, lumbar range of motion, patient expectation, overall perception of effect, quality of life and psychological factors. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of FACISA/UFRN (number: 3639814). The results of the study will be disseminated to participants through social networks and will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and scientific meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03909672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Jário de Almeida Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Bruno T Saragiotto
- Master's and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Scattone Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Caio Alano de Almeida Lins
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cardoso de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Nasb M, Qun X, Ruckmal Withanage C, Lingfeng X, Hong C. Dry Cupping, Ischemic Compression, or Their Combination for the Treatment of Trigger Points: A Pilot Randomized Trial. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 26:44-50. [PMID: 31580695 PMCID: PMC6983744 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2019.0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic neck pain (NP) attributed to myofascial pain syndrome is one of the particularly common skeletal muscle disorder associated with the hyperirritable zone in the taut band of muscle. Trigger points (TPs) are the physical interpretation of the myofascial pain syndrome. In the United States, 30%–85% of pain patients have been affected by myofascial TPs. Objectives: To reveal preliminary evidence on the clinical efficacy of ischemic compression therapy, dry cupping, and their combination on improving the TPs' pressure pain threshold (PPT), neck range of motion (NROM), and neck disability index (NDI) in patients with TPs and nonspecific NP. Besides, assess the feasibility of conducting a randomized clinical trial (RCT). Design: A randomized pilot study was conducted on 24 patients with TPs and nonspecific NP. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: the cupping group, the ischemic compression group, and the combination therapy group. PPT, NROM, and NDI were assessed before and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results: The results showed a statistically significant improvement in NDI, PPT, and NROM compared with values before the treatment (p < 0.05) in all groups. Although no significant difference was detected between ischemic compression (IC) and dry cupping, the combination approach showed significantly higher and faster improvement (p < 0.05). Conclusions: It is feasible to conduct a main RCT. Both IC and dry cupping may hold promise in treating TPs; a combination of the two therapies may provide superior improving rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nasb
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xu Qun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Charith Ruckmal Withanage
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xie Lingfeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Chen Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Wang F, Tian ZG, Lv CH, Geng CW. Baguan Therapy Is an Alternative in Treating Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review Based on Existing Randomized Controlled Trials. Complement Med Res 2019; 26:118-125. [PMID: 30921796 DOI: 10.1159/000494330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence available on the effects of Baguan therapy for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The following databases were searched from their inception to August 2018: PubMed, Web of Science, AMED, Cochrane Library, Google, EMBASE, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, Wanfang Data, CiNii, KoreaMed, and the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which assessed the effects of Baguan therapy for AS, were included in our review. The methodological quality of eligible studies was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. The RevMan 5.3 software was used for quantitative analysis of RCTs. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. RESULTS Four studies were included in our review. The aggregated results indicated that Baguan therapy improved the treatment effect (risk ratio 1.21, 95% CI 1.10-1.34, p < 0.01) as well as physical function (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index) (mean difference -1.56, 95% CI -2.01 to -1.12, p < 0.01) and reduced disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index) (mean difference -0.71, 95% CI -1.09 to -0.33, p < 0.01) in patients with AS. CONCLUSION Due to the low quality of included trials, it is difficulty to draw the firm conclusion that Baguan therapy may have beneficial effects on AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Ping Gu District TCM Hospital, Beijing, China,
| | - Zhong-Gu Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Ping Gu District TCM Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Hui Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Ping Gu District TCM Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Wu Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Ping Gu District TCM Hospital, Beijing, China
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Kaki A, Sawsan R, Samiha M, Al Jaouni S, Elalah MA, Ibrahim N. Wet Cupping Reduces Pain and Improves Health-related Quality of Life Among Patients with Migraine: A Prospective Observational Study. Oman Med J 2019; 34:105-109. [PMID: 30918603 PMCID: PMC6425047 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine the benefits of wet cupping on pain and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adult patients with migraine headaches. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study of wet cupping in 128 patients referred to the cupping clinic at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between January 2013 and December 2015. Bloodletting was performed at the base of the head and between the shoulders monthly four times. We assessed migraine headache pain using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the quality of life of patients before and after each cupping session using the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment instrument. Results The mean age of the patients was 40.5±11.3 years with a preponderance of females (n = 114, 89.1%). VAS was averaged at 7 before the procedure and reduced to 3 after wet cupping, both during rest and activity (p ≤ 0.005). Ninety-five patients agreed to complete the quality of life questionnaire. There was a significant improvement in the quality of life after wet cupping treatment in most of the displayed items (p < 0.050). None of the patients reported post-procedure complications. Conclusions Wet cupping might be considered a complementary treatment for migraine headache pain relief and improvement to a patient’s quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Kaki
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rohaiem Sawsan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mourad Samiha
- Cupping Clinic, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nahla Ibrahim
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammadi S, Roostayi MM, Naimi SS, Baghban AA. The effects of cupping therapy as a new approach in the physiotherapeutic management of carpal tunnel syndrome. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 24:e1770. [DOI: 10.1002/pri.1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Mohammadi
- Physiotherapy Research Center, School of RehabilitationShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohsen Roostayi
- Physiotherapy Research Center, School of RehabilitationShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sedigheh Sadat Naimi
- Physiotherapy Research Center, School of RehabilitationShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of RehabilitationShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Yang Y, Ma LX, Niu TL, Niu X, Yang XZ, Wang JX, Lu Y, Gao LJ, Chen TY, Zhang YJ, Wu YJ, Song Y. Effects of Pulsatile Cupping on Body Pain and Quality of Life in People with Suboptimal Health:A Randomized Controlled Exploratory Trial. Med Acupunct 2018; 30:326-335. [PMID: 30671153 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2018.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The curative effect of pneumatic pulsatile cupping on pain has been shown. This study was conducted to investigate effects of the pulsating frequency of pneumatic pulsatile cupping, compared with traditional cupping (TC), on body pain and quality of life (QoL) in people with suboptimal health status (SHS). Materials and Methods: Ninety-six participants with SHS were randomized to low-frequency (LF; n = 24) or high-frequency (HF; n = 24) pulsating cupping, traditional cupping (TC; n = 24), or wait-list (WL; n = 24) groups. The LF, HF, and TC groups received 4 sessions of cupping over 2 weeks. Visual analogue scale (VAS; 0-100 mm) pain level and Short-Form-36 (SF-36) QoL measurements were taken before and after the intervention. Results: Both LF and HF reduced pain significantly (VAS: -28.26; 95% confidence interval [CI] -36.18 to -20.34; and -31.88, 95% CI -39.81 to -23.96; both P = 0.000) and improved QoL more than WL (SF-36, Bodily Pain dimension: 1.46, 95% CI: 0.85 to 2.07; and 1.75, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.36, both P = 0.000). Compared to TC, LF and HF significantly reduced pain (VAS: -7.92, 95% CI: -15.75 to -0.08, P LT = 0.048; and -11.54, 95% CI: -19.38 to -3.70, P HT = 0.004) and improved QoL (SF-36, Bodily Pain dimension: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.01 to 1.21, P LT = 0.046; and 0.90, 95% CI: 0.30 to 1.50, P HT = 0.004). There was no significant difference between LF and HF. Conclusions: This study showed that, in patients with SHS, pulsatile cupping therapy could have a more-favorable effect to relieve body pain, compared to TC. LF and HF pulsation produced equivalent pain relief. Further studies investigating the underlying mechanism are needed. Trial registration: This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-INR-16009345).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Xiao Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Li Niu
- Affiliated Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Niu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Zhi Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Jiao Gao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Yu Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jing Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Jing Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Song
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Mardani-Kivi M, Montazar R, Azizkhani M, Hashemi-Motlagh K. Wet-Cupping Is Effective on Persistent Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 25:502-506. [PMID: 30484021 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2996-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the possible effects of wet-cupping therapy with conventional therapy on persistent nonspecific low back pain (PNSLBP). METHODS In this randomized clinical trial, 180 participants with the mean age of 45±10 years old, who had been suffering from PNSLBP were randomly assigned to wet-cupping and conventional groups. The wet-cupping group was treated with two separate sessions (4 weeks in total) on the inter-scapular and sacrum area. In the conventional group, patients were conservatively treated using rest (6 weeks) and oral medications (3 weeks). The primary and the secondary outcome were the quantity of disability using Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and pain intensity using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), respectively. RESULTS There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics (age, gender, and body mass index) between the two groups (P>0.05). Therapeutic effect of wet-cupping therapy was comparable to conventional treatment in the 1st month follow-up visits (P<0.05). The functional outcomes of wet-cupping at the 3rd and 6th month visits were significantly increased compared to the conventional group. Final ODI scores in the wet-cupping and conventional groups were 16.7 ± 5.7 and 22.3 ± 4.5, respectively (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Wet-cupping may be a proper method to decrease PNSLBP without any conventional treatment. The therapeutic effects of wet-cupping can be longer lasting than conventional therapy. (Registration No. IRCT2013021672741)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mardani-Kivi
- Department of Orthopedic, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Reza Montazar
- General Practitioner, Traditional Medicine Specialist, Tehran, Iran
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Moura CDC, Chaves ÉDCL, Cardoso ACLR, Nogueira DA, Corrêa HP, Chianca TCM. Cupping therapy and chronic back pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2018; 26:e3094. [PMID: 30462793 PMCID: PMC6248735 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.2888.3094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to evaluate the evidence from the literature regarding the effects of cupping therapy on chronic back pain in adults, the most used outcomes to evaluate this condition, the protocol used to apply the intervention and to investigate the effectiveness of cupping therapy on the intensity of chronic back pain. METHOD systematic review and meta-analysis carried out by two independent researchers in national and international databases. Reference lists of systematic reviews were also explored. The quality of evidence was assessed according to the Jadad scale. RESULTS 611 studies were identified, of which 16 were included in the qualitative analysis and 10 in the quantitative analysis. Cupping therapy has shown positive results on chronic back pain. There is no standardization in the treatment protocol. The main assessed outcomes were pain intensity, physical incapacity, quality of life and nociceptive threshold before the mechanical stimulus. There was a significant reduction in the pain intensity score through the use of cupping therapy (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION cupping therapy is a promising method for the treatment of chronic back pain in adults. There is the need to establish standardized application protocols for this intervention.
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Saha FJ, Brummer G, Lauche R, Ostermann T, Choi KE, Rampp T, Dobos G, Cramer H. Gua Sha therapy for chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018; 34:64-69. [PMID: 30712747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the efficacy of Gua Sha therapy in patients with chronic low back pain. METHODS 50 patients with chronic low back pain (78% female, 49.7 ± 10.0 years) were randomized to two Gua Sha treatments (n = 25) or waitlist control (n = 25). Primary outcome was current pain intensity (100-mm visual analog scale); secondary outcome measures included function (Oswestry Disability Index), pain on movement (Pain on Movement Questionnaire), perceived change in health status, pressure pain threshold, mechanical detection threshold, and vibration detection threshold. RESULTS After treatment, patients in the Gua Sha group reported lower pain intensity (p < 0.001) and better overall health status (p = 0.002) compared to the waitlist group. No further group differences were found. No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS Gua Sha appears to be an acceptable, safe, and effective treatment for patients with chronic low back pain. Further rigorous studies are needed to confirm and extend these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix J Saha
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Gianna Brummer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Romy Lauche
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas Ostermann
- Chair of Research Methodology and Statistics, Faculty of Health, Department of Psychology, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Kyung-Eun Choi
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Rampp
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gustav Dobos
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Holger Cramer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Kim S, Lee SH, Kim MR, Kim EJ, Hwang DS, Lee J, Shin JS, Ha IH, Lee YJ. Is cupping therapy effective in patients with neck pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021070. [PMID: 30397006 PMCID: PMC6231582 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neck pain is a significant condition that is second only to depression as a cause of years lived with disability worldwide. Thus, identifying and understanding effective treatment modalities for neck pain is of heightened importance. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of cupping on neck pain from the current literature. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). SETTING Nine databases, including Chinese, Korean and Japanese databases, were searched for data up to January 2018 with no restrictions on publication language. PARTICIPANTS Patients with neck pain. INTERVENTIONS Cupping therapy as the sole or add-on intervention compared with no treatment or active controls. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Pain severity, functional disability and quality of life. RESULTS Eighteen RCTs were selected. Compared with the no intervention group, the cupping group exhibited significant reduction in pain (mean difference (MD) -2.42(95% CI -3.98 to -0.86)) and improvement in function (MD -4.34(95% CI -6.77 to -1.19)). Compared with the active control, the cupping group reported significant reduction in pain (p=0.0009) and significantly improved quality of life (p=0.001). The group that received control treatment with cupping therapy (add-on group) displayed significant pain reduction compared with the active control group (p=0.001). Of the 18 studies, only 8 reported occurrence of adverse events, which were mostly mild and temporary. CONCLUSIONS Cupping was found to reduce neck pain in patients compared with no intervention or active control groups, or as an add-on treatment. Depending on the type of control group, cupping was also associated with significant improvement in terms of function and quality of life; however, due to the low quality of evidence of the included studies, definitive conclusions could not be drawn from this review. Future well-designed studies are needed to substantiate the effectiveness of cupping on neck pain. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016047218.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoun Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Hyun Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Me-Riong Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Sang Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Shik Shin
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yang Y, Ma L, Niu T, Wang J, Song Y, Lu Y, Yang X, Niu X, Mohammadi A. Comparative pilot study on the effects of pulsating and static cupping on non-specific neck pain and local skin blood perfusion. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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Aboushanab TS, AlSanad S. Cupping Therapy: An Overview from a Modern Medicine Perspective. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2018; 11:83-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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The medical perspective of cupping therapy: Effects and mechanisms of action. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 9:90-97. [PMID: 30963043 PMCID: PMC6435947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cupping Therapy (CT) is an ancient method and currently used in the treatment of a broad range of medical conditions. Nonetheless the mechanism of action of (CT) is not fully understood. This review aimed to identify possible mechanisms of action of (CT) from modern medicine perspective and offer possible explanations of its effects. English literature in PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar was searched using key words. Only 223 articles identified, 149 records screened, and 74 articles excluded for irrelevancy. Only 75 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, included studies in this review were 64. Six theories have been suggested to explain the effects produced by cupping therapy. Pain reduction and changes in biomechanical properties of the skin could be explained by "Pain-Gate Theory", "Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Controls" and "Reflex zone theory". Muscle relaxation, changes in local tissue structures and increase in blood circulation might be explained by "Nitric Oxide theory". Immunological effects and hormonal adjustments might be attributed to "Activation of immune system theory". Releasing of toxins and removal of wastes and heavy metals might be explained by "Blood Detoxification Theory". These theories may overlap or work interchangeably to produce various therapeutic effects in specific ailments and diseases. Apparently, no single theory exists to explain the whole effects of cupping. Further researches are needed to support or refute the aforesaid theories, and also develop innovative conceptualizations of (CT) in future.
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Abstract
Wet cupping (Al-hijamah) is a therapeutic technique practiced worldwide as a part of the Unani system of medicine. It involves bloodletting from acupoints on a patient’s skin to produce a therapeutic outcome. A thorough review of research articles on wet cupping with relevance to proteomics field that are indexed by Google Scholar, PubMed, and/or Science Direct databases was performed. Eight original research articles were summarized in this paper. Overall, wet cupping did not have a significant effect on C-reactive protein, Hsp-27, sister chromatid exchanges, and cell replication index. In contrast, wet cupping was found to produce higher oxygen saturation, eliminate lactate from subcutaneous tissues, remove blood containing higher levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, and produce higher activity of myeloperoxidase. The proteomic effects of wet cupping therapy have not been adequately investigated. Thus, future studies on wet cupping that use systemic and sound protocols to avoid bias should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer A Almaiman
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, Community College of Unaizah, Qassim University, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Bridgett R, Klose P, Duffield R, Mydock S, Lauche R. Effects of Cupping Therapy in Amateur and Professional Athletes: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Altern Complement Med 2017; 24:208-219. [PMID: 29185802 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2017.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the recent re-emergence of the process of cupping by athletes, supporting evidence for its efficacy and safety remains scarce. This systematic review aims to summarize the evidence of clinical trials on cupping for athletes. METHODS SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, PubMed, AMED, and CNKI databases were searched from their inception to December 10, 2016. Randomized controlled trials on cupping therapy with no restriction regarding the technique, or cointerventions, were included, if they measured the effects of cupping compared with any other intervention on health and performance outcomes in professionals, semi-professionals, and leisure athletes. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool were conducted independently by two pairs of reviewers. RESULTS Eleven trials with n = 498 participants from China, the United States, Greece, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates were included, reporting effects on different populations, including soccer, football, and handball players, swimmers, gymnasts, and track and field athletes of both amateur and professional nature. Cupping was applied between 1 and 20 times, in daily or weekly intervals, alone or in combination with, for example, acupuncture. Outcomes varied greatly from symptom intensity, recovery measures, functional measures, serum markers, and experimental outcomes. Cupping was reported as beneficial for perceptions of pain and disability, increased range of motion, and reductions in creatine kinase when compared to mostly untreated control groups. The majority of trials had an unclear or high risk of bias. None of the studies reported safety. CONCLUSIONS No explicit recommendation for or against the use of cupping for athletes can be made. More studies are necessary for conclusive judgment on the efficacy and safety of cupping in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhianna Bridgett
- 1 Endeavour College of Natural Health , Fortitude Valley, Australia
| | - Petra Klose
- 2 Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Rob Duffield
- 3 Sport and Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Suni Mydock
- 1 Endeavour College of Natural Health , Fortitude Valley, Australia
| | - Romy Lauche
- 4 Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Al Jaouni SK, El-Fiky EA, Mourad SA, Ibrahim NK, Kaki AM, Rohaiem SM, Qari MH, Tabsh LM, Aljawhari AA. The effect of wet cupping on quality of life of adult patients with chronic medical conditions in King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Saudi Med J 2017; 38:53-62. [PMID: 28042631 PMCID: PMC5278066 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2017.1.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To assess the effect of wet cupping on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of adult patients with chronic medical conditions, who were referred to the Cupping Clinic of King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A controlled, quasi-experimental study design was carried out among 629 patients referred for cupping from the KAUH Specialty Clinics, during the period from January to December 2014. Patients in the intervention group (309 patients) completed a pre-test included WHO quality of life-BREF, received one wet-cupping session, and filled-out the post-test (1 month later). Patients in the control group (320 patients) completed the pre-test during their enrollment in the study and post-test one month later. Both groups received their ordinary treatment. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Results: Pain was the most common cause for cupping referral. After cupping intervention, the mean scores of most of the HRQOL domains, especially the physical domain, improved significantly among patients in the intervention group. The mean total score of physical HRQOL domain was 61.6 ± 13.6 before cupping, and reached 69.7 ± 12.6 after intervention (paired t-test=11.3, p=0.000). Improvements in HRQOL were noticed for almost all types of pain and other medical conditions. Conclusion: There are promising effects in favor of using wet cupping for improving HRQOL of patients with chronic conditions. Cupping is recommended as a complementary treatment modality for chronic medical conditions, especially pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Kordafshari G, Ardakani MRS, Keshavarz M, Esfahani MM, Nazem I, Moghimi M, Zargaran A, Kenari HM. Cupping therapy can improve the quality of life of healthy people in Tehran. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(17)30164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ge W, Leson C, Vukovic C. Dry cupping for plantar fasciitis: a randomized controlled trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:859-862. [PMID: 28603360 PMCID: PMC5462687 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dry cupping on pain
and function of patients with plantar fasciitis. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-nine
subjects (age 15 to 59 years old, 20 females and 9 males), randomly assigned into the two
groups (dry cupping therapy and electrical stimulation therapy groups), participated in
this study. The research design was a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Treatments were
provided to the subjects twice a week for 4 weeks. Outcome measurements included the
Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) (at rest, first in the morning, and with activities), the
Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), as
well as the pressure pain threshold. [Results]The data indicated that both dry cupping
therapy and electrical stimulation therapy could reduce pain and increase function
significantly in the population tested, as all the 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) did not
include 0 except for the pressure pain threshold. There was no significant difference
between the dry cupping therapy and electrical stimulation groups in all the outcome
measurements. [Conclusion] These results support that both dry cupping therapy and
electrical stimulation therapy could reduce pain and increase function in the population
tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Ge
- Department of Physical Therapy, Youngstown State University, USA
| | - Chelsea Leson
- Department of Physical Therapy, Youngstown State University, USA
| | - Corey Vukovic
- Department of Physical Therapy, Youngstown State University, USA
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History of cupping ( Hijama ): a narrative review of literature. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2017; 15:172-181. [DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(17)60339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Lauche R, Spitzer J, Schwahn B, Ostermann T, Bernardy K, Cramer H, Dobos G, Langhorst J. Efficacy of cupping therapy in patients with the fibromyalgia syndrome-a randomised placebo controlled trial. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37316. [PMID: 27853272 PMCID: PMC5112514 DOI: 10.1038/srep37316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to test the efficacy of cupping therapy to improve symptoms and quality of life in patients diagnosed with the fibromyalgia syndrome. Participants were randomly assigned to cupping therapy, sham or usual care. Cupping was administered five times at twice weekly intervals on the upper and lower back. The primary outcome measure was pain intensity at day 18. Secondary outcomes included functional disability, quality of life, fatigue and sleep quality as well as pressure pain sensitivity, satisfaction and safety at day 18 and 6 months. Altogether 141 patients were included in this study (139 females, 55.8 ± 9.1 years). After 18 days patients reported significant less pain after cupping compared to usual care (difference −12.4; 95% CI: −18.9; −5.9, p < 0.001) but not compared to sham (difference −3.0; 95% CI: −9.9, 3.9, p = 0.396). Further effects were found for quality of life compared to usual care. Patients were mildly satisfied with cupping and sham cupping; and only minor side effects were observed. Despite cupping therapy being more effective than usual care to improve pain intensity and quality of life, effects of cupping therapy were small and comparable to those of a sham treatment, and as such cupping cannot be recommended for fibromyalgia at the current time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Lauche
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julia Spitzer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Barbara Schwahn
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Ostermann
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany
| | - Kathrin Bernardy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Holger Cramer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gustav Dobos
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jost Langhorst
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Al Bedah AM, Khalil MK, Posadzki P, Sohaibani I, Aboushanab TS, AlQaed M, Ali GI. Evaluation of Wet Cupping Therapy: Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. J Altern Complement Med 2016; 22:768-777. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2016.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M.N. Al Bedah
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed K.M. Khalil
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul Posadzki
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College, and Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Imen Sohaibani
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamer Shaaban Aboushanab
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari AlQaed
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gazzaffi I.M. Ali
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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The Effectiveness of Cupping Therapy on Relieving Chronic Neck and Shoulder Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7358918. [PMID: 27073404 PMCID: PMC4814666 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7358918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cupping therapy (CT) in changes on skin surface temperature (SST) for relieving chronic neck and shoulder pain (NSP) among community residents. A single-blind experimental design constituted of sixty subjects with self-perceived NSP. The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups. The cupping group received CT at SI 15, GB 21, and LI 15 acupuncture points, and the control group received no intervention. Pain was assessed using the SST, visual analog scale (VAS), and blood pressure (BP). The main results were SST of GB 21 acupuncture point raised from 30.6°C to 32.7°C and from 30.7°C to 30.6°C in the control group. Neck pain intensity (NPI) severity scores were reduced from 9.7 to 3.6 in the cupping group and from 9.7 to 9.5 in the control group. The SST and NPI differences between the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001). One treatment of CT is shown to increase SST. In conjunction with the physiological effect the subjective experience of NSP is reduced in intensity. Further studies are required to improve the understanding and potential long-term effects of CT.
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Rozenfeld E, Kalichman L. New is the well-forgotten old: The use of dry cupping in musculoskeletal medicine. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2016; 20:173-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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A Parallel-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Effects of a Far-Infrared-Emitting Collar on Neck Disorder. MATERIALS 2015; 8:5862-5876. [PMID: 28793539 PMCID: PMC5512659 DOI: 10.3390/ma8095279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the beneficial effects of a far-infrared-emitting collar (FIRC) on the management of neck disorders. A neck disorder is generalized as neck muscle pain and its relative mental disorders because the etiologies of the neck's multidimensional syndrome are either muscle impairment or psychiatric distress. This is the first study to determine the efficacy of a FIRC by evaluating objective physical evidence and psychometric self-reports using a parallel-arm randomized sham-controlled and single-blinded design. In this trial, 60 participants with neck disorders were observed at baseline and post-intervention. Compared to the placebo group after a 30-min intervention, the FIRC demonstrated a statistically significant biological effect in elevating skin temperature and promoting blood circulation with p-values 0.003 and 0.020, respectively. In addition, FIRC application significantly reduced neck muscle tension, relieved pain, ameliorated fatigue, improved depression, and decreased anxiety. The FIRC could therefore be a potential treatment for neck disorders.
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Mehta P, Dhapte V. Cupping therapy: A prudent remedy for a plethora of medical ailments. J Tradit Complement Med 2015; 5:127-34. [PMID: 26151023 PMCID: PMC4488563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM; bǔ chōng yǔ tì dài yī xué) have played an important role in human health and welfare. Many therapeutic approaches in healthcare outside the realm of conventional medicine persist in various parts of the world. There is considerable scientific and commercial potential in CAM, which needs to be explored precisely. Cupping therapy ( bá guàn liáo fǎ), one of the CAM, is practiced across the world. This therapy is believed to act by correcting imbalances in the internal bio field, such as by restoring the flow of "Qi (qì)". Cupping involves applying a heated cup to generate a partial vacuum that mobilizes the blood flow and promotes effective healing. This review outlines various tools and techniques of cupping therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Mehta
- Department of Quality Assurance, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Vividha Dhapte
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
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Yuan QL, Guo TM, Liu L, Sun F, Zhang YG. Traditional Chinese medicine for neck pain and low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117146. [PMID: 25710765 PMCID: PMC4339195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neck pain (NP) and low back pain (LBP) are common symptoms bothering people in daily life. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat various symptoms and diseases in China and has been demonstrated to be effective. The objective of the present study was to review and analyze the existing data about pain and disability in TCM treatments for NP and LBP. Methods Studies were identified by a comprehensive search of databases, such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, up to September 1, 2013. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCM in managing NP and LBP. Results Seventy five randomized controlled trials (n = 11077) were included. Almost all of the studies investigated individuals experiencing chronic NP (CNP) or chronic LBP (CLBP). We found moderate evidence that acupuncture was more effective than sham-acupuncture in reducing pain immediately post-treatment for CNP (visual analogue scale (VAS) 10 cm, mean difference (MD) = -0.58 (-0.94, -0.22), 95% confidence interval, p = 0.01), CLBP (standardized mean difference = -0.47 (-0.77, -0.17), p = 0.003), and acute LBP (VAS 10 cm, MD = -0.99 (-1.24, -0.73), p< 0.001). Cupping could be more effective than waitlist in VAS (100 mm) (MD = -19.10 (-27.61, -10.58), p < 0. 001) for CNP or medications (e.g. NSAID) for CLBP (MD = -5.4 (-8.9, -0.19), p = 0.003). No serious or life-threatening adverse effects were found. Conclusions Acupuncture, acupressure, and cupping could be efficacious in treating the pain and disability associated with CNP or CLBP in the immediate term. Gua sha, tai chi, qigong, and Chinese manipulation showed fair effects, but we were unable to draw any definite conclusions, and further research is still needed. The efficacy of tuina and moxibustion is unknown because no direct evidence was obtained. These TCM modalities are relatively safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-ling Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Tuan-mao Guo
- Second department of Orthopaedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. 712000, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Fu Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Department of Orthopaedics of the Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical College, Xi’an 710077, China
| | - Yin-gang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- * E-mail:
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Firoozabadi MD, Navabzadeh M, Roudsari MK, Zahmatkash M. Comparative efficacy trial of cupping and serkangabin versus conventional therapy of migraine headaches: A randomized, open-label, comparative efficacy trial. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 19:1134-9. [PMID: 25709653 PMCID: PMC4333520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine headaches are the most common acute and recurrent headaches. Current treatment of a migraine headache consists of multiple medications for control and prevention of recurrent attacks. Global emergence of alternative medicine led us to examine the efficacy of cupping therapy plus serkangabin syrup in the treatment of migraine headaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a randomized, controlled, open-label, comparative efficacy trial. We randomly assigned patients with migraine into cupping therapy plus serkangabin group (30 patients) and conventional treatment group (30 patients). An investigator assessed the severity of headache, frequency of attacks in a week and duration of attacks per hour in 5 visits (at the end of 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 months). Generalized estimating equations approach was used to analyze repeated measures data to compare outcomes in both groups. RESULTS Average age for cupping therapy group and conventional treatment group were 31.7 (±7.6) and 32.6 (±12.7) years, respectively (P = 0.45). After treatment for 2 weeks; and 1, 3 and 6 months, severity of headache (P = 0.80), frequency of migraine attacks (P = 0.63) and duration of attacks per hours (P = 0.48) were similar in conventional and cupping groups but these symptoms were decreased in each group during the study (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION There was no significant difference between cupping plus serkangabin therapy and conventional treatment in the treatment and prophylaxis of migraine. The alternative therapy may be used in cases of drug intolerance, no medication response, and in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Dehghani Firoozabadi
- Division of Neurology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Complementary Alternative Medicine Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Navabzadeh
- Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Complementary Alternative Medicine Research Center, Towhid Square, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khodashenas Roudsari
- Division of Neurology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Complementary Alternative Medicine Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Birjand, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mohammad Khodashenas Roudsari, Division of Neurology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Complementary Alternative Medicine Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Birjand, Iran. E-mail:
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Leem J. Long-term effect of cupping for chronic neck pain. Integr Med Res 2014; 3:217-219. [PMID: 28664101 PMCID: PMC5481764 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jungtae Leem
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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