1
|
Zhao R, Zhang Q, Huang T, Tian Y, Guan G, Lin Y. Effect of the Combination of Clostridium butyricum and Mycelium of Phellinus igniarius on Intestinal Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in DSS-Induced Colitis. Nutrients 2024; 16:153. [PMID: 38201981 PMCID: PMC10780906 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Clostridium butyricum (CB) and Phellinus igniarius (PI) have anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, anti-tumor, and other functions. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of CB and mycelium of PI (MPI) alone and in combination on colitis mice induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Mice were randomly assigned to five groups: (1) control (CTRL), (2) DSS, (3) CB, (4) MPI, and (5) CB + MPI (CON). The weight of the mice was recorded daily during the experiment, and the length of the colon was measured on the last day of the experiment. The colons were collected for hematoxylin and eosin staining, colon contents were collected for intestinal flora analysis, and serum was collected for metabolite analysis. The results showed that compared with the DSS group, CB, MPI, and CON treatments inhibited the weight loss and colon length shortening caused by DSS, significantly increased the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and superoxide dismutase, and significantly decreased the concentrations of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and myeloperoxidase. Gene sequence analysis of 16S rRNA showed that CB, MPI, and CON treatments changed the composition and structure of intestinal microorganisms. Metabolome results showed that CB, MPI, and CON treatments changed serum metabolites in DSS-treated mice, including dodecenoylcarnitine, L-urobilinogen, and citric acid. In conclusion, CB, MPI, and CON treatments alleviated DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating intestinal flora and metabolites, with the CON group having the best effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rou Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Qiaoyi Zhang
- Agricultural Bioengineering Institute, Changsha 410128, China; (Q.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Ting Huang
- Agricultural Bioengineering Institute, Changsha 410128, China; (Q.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Yun Tian
- Agricultural Bioengineering Institute, Changsha 410128, China; (Q.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Guiping Guan
- Agricultural Bioengineering Institute, Changsha 410128, China; (Q.Z.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Yuanshan Lin
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singh SK, Dwivedi SD, Yadav K, Shah K, Chauhan NS, Pradhan M, Singh MR, Singh D. Novel Biotherapeutics Targeting Biomolecular and Cellular Approaches in Diabetic Wound Healing. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020613. [PMID: 36831151 PMCID: PMC9952895 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing responses play a major role in chronic inflammation, which affects millions of people around the world. One of the daunting tasks of creating a wound-healing drug is finding equilibrium in the inflammatory cascade. In this study, the molecular and cellular mechanisms to regulate wound healing are explained, and recent research is addressed that demonstrates the molecular and cellular events during diabetic wound healing. Moreover, a range of factors or agents that facilitate wound healing have also been investigated as possible targets for successful treatment. It also summarises the various advances in research findings that have revealed promising molecular targets in the fields of therapy and diagnosis of cellular physiology and pathology of wound healing, such as neuropeptides, substance P, T cell immune response cDNA 7, miRNA, and treprostinil growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor, including thymosin beta 4, and immunomodulators as major therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Kumar Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Shradha Devi Dwivedi
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Krishna Yadav
- Raipur Institute of Pharmaceutical Educations and Research, Sarona, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Madhulika Pradhan
- Gracious College of Pharmacy Abhanpur Raipur, Village-Belbhata, Taluka, Abhanpur 493661, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang X, Su L, Tan J, Ding T, Yue Y. Albiflorin alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 26:48-56. [PMID: 36594064 PMCID: PMC9790056 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.66678.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To clarify therapeutic potential of albiflorin and its intrinsic mechanisms against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced Ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. Materials and Methods Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: negative control, positive, albiflorin low-dose group, albiflorin high-dose group and treatment control (Salicylazosulfapyridine "SASP", 100 mg/kg) group. Acute colitis was induced in all groups except NC by administration of 3% DSS for 7 days. Albiflorin and SASP were administered via the intragastric route twice a day for 7 days. The changes of colon tissue were assessed by disease activity index (DAI), HE staining, and ELISA. Adrenodoxin expressions of UC colon tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was performed to investigate related protein of the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Results It has been found that the albiflorin shares similar influences as the SASP in ameliorating the DSS-induced UC. The reduced DAI and alleviated colon tissue damage were observed in albiflorin intervened groups. Moreover, albiflorin significantly inhibited myeloperoxidase activities and attenuated immuno-inflammatory response and elevated Foxp3 mRNA in colon tissue. Furthermore, investigations revealed that albiflorin could inhibit adrenodoxin isoform and activate activated phosphorylated NF-κB p65 and IκBα, which consequently suppressed phosphorylated p38 MAPK, extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Conclusion These findings showed that albiflorin could alleviate DSS-induced murine colitis by activating inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. It might be a potential therapeutic reagent for UC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, Korla, 841000, Xinjiang, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Lianlin Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Jinhua Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, Korla, 841000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tianwen Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinzi Yue
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author: Yinzi Yue. Department of General Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Panda AK, Kar S, Rai AK, Rao BCS, Srikanth N. AYUSH- 64: A potential therapeutic agent in COVID-19. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100538. [PMID: 35002178 PMCID: PMC8723836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.100538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Corona Virus disease (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic resulting in large scale morbidity and mortality worldwide. The management of COVID-19 has been a big challenge because of multifactorial pathophysiology and no specific treatment. AYUSH-64, a poly-herbal formulation developed by CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India through extensive pharmacological, toxicological and clinical studies has proven its safety and efficacy in infective febrile conditions such as malaria and influenza. AYUSH- 64 has four ingredients having immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant and anti-viral activities. It arrests the extreme inflammatory responses in COVID-19 that causes progression to significant morbidity. AYUSH-64 has also been incorporated in the National COVID management protocol based on Ayurveda and Yoga by Government of India for asymptomatic and mild cases of COVID-19. Further, on the basis of tangible evidence generated through robust clinical and experimental studies on AYUSH-64, the Ministry of AYUSH has launched nation-wide campaign for mass distribution of AYUSH-64 to asymptomatic, mild to moderate COVID-19 patients in home isolation to reduce the burden on the hospital. This review will highlight the specifications of AYUSH-64, its mechanism of action, its repurposing for COVID-19, various clinical and experimental studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Panda
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Central Council of Research in Ayurveda Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, India.
| | - Sarbeswar Kar
- JSS Ayurveda Medical College &Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Amit Kumar Rai
- Central Council of Research in Ayurveda Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, India
| | - B C S Rao
- Central Council of Research in Ayurveda Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, India
| | - N Srikanth
- Central Council of Research in Ayurveda Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou Y, Dou F, Song H, Liu T. Anti-ulcerative effects of wogonin on ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium via Nrf2/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in BALB/c mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:954-963. [PMID: 35044701 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease on the deepest lining of the colon and rectum. Wogonin is an antitumor flavonoid, which possesses various therapeutic properties. Even if the anti-colitis effect of wogonin was documented earlier, but the wogonin effect on inflammation underlying mechanism is not fully elucidated. In this present study, we hypothesized to study the oxidative damage, anti-inflammatory, and molecular action of wogonin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mice model. In methods, mice were categorized into four groups: that is, normal control, DSS alone, DSS + wogonin (30 mg/kg/day), and DSS + sulfasalazine (50 mg/kg/day). We determined the biochemical markers, inflammatory cytokines, histopathology of colon tissue, and western blot analysis. DSS significantly reduced body weight, colon length, and increased inflammation in the colon. Wogonin treatment prevented colonic ulceration, neutrophil infiltration, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes. Oxidative damage and inflammatory mediators' elevation were also dramatically diminished by wogonin. Wogonin activates apoptosis via inhibiting Bcl-2 and augmenting Bax, caspase-3, and -9 expressions. Wogonin downregulated the COX-2 and iNOS, thereby repressing NF-κB. Wogonin regulated the Nrf2 signaling pathway and decreased TLR-4/NF-κB triggering. Taken together our study exposed that wogonin has a promising anti-ulcerative agent and recommended for good anti-inflammatory drug in the colon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 3201 Hospital, Hanzhong, China
| | - Fafu Dou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 3201 Hospital, Hanzhong, China
| | - Huwei Song
- Department of General Surgery 2, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of General Surgery 2, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brusatol-Enriched Brucea javanica Oil Ameliorated Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice: Involvement of NF- κB and RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5561221. [PMID: 34414236 PMCID: PMC8370821 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5561221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Brucea javanica oil (BJO) is beneficial for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), and that quassinoids in particular brusatol are bioactive components. However, it is still uncertain whether or not other components in BJO, such as oleic acid and fatty acids, have an anti-UC effect. The present study is aimed at comparing the anti-UC effects between brusatol-enriched BJO (BE-BJO) and brusatol-free BJO (BF-BJO) and at exploring the effects and mechanisms of BE-BJO on colon inflammation and intestinal epithelial barrier function. Balb/C mice received 3% (wt/vol) DSS for one week to establish the UC model. Different doses of BE-BJO, BF-BJO, or BJO were treated. The result illustrated that BE-BJO alleviated DSS-induced loss of body weight, an increase of disease activity index (DAI), and a shortening of colon, whereas BF-BJO did not have these protective effects. BE-BJO treatment improved the morphology of colon tissue, inhibited the production and release of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-1β in the colon tissue, and reversed the decreased expressions of ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1, and E-cadherin induced by DSS but augmented claudin-2 expression. Mechanistically, BE-BJO repressed phosphorylation of NF-κB subunit p65, suppressed RhoA activation, downregulated ROCK, and prevented phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) in DSS-treated mice, indicating that the protective effect of BE-BJO is attributed to suppression of NF-κB and RhoA/ROCK signaling pathways. These findings confirm that brusatol is an active component from BJO in the treatment of UC.
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiong K, Shi M, Zhang T, Han H. Protective effect of picroside I against hepatic fibrosis in mice via sphingolipid metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis, and PPAR signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110683. [PMID: 32942155 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Picroside I, a hepatoprotectant isolated from Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth and P. scrophulariiflora Pennell, can reduce liver injury in humans and animals. However, its anti-fibrosis effect remains elusive. This work aimed to explore the mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effect of picroside I against hepatic fibrosis. Male mice (12 mice per group) were randomly divided into six groups: the control group; the model group, which received thioacetamide (TAA); the positive group, which received TAA + S-(5'-adenosyl)-l-methionine (SAMe, 10 mg/kg); the low-dose group, which received TAA + picroside I (25 mg/kg); the middle-dose group, which received TAA + picroside I (50 mg/kg); and the high-dose group, which received TAA + picroside I (75 mg/kg). Serum biochemical indicators were detected, and histological evaluation was performed. Metabolomics and proteomic analyses were conducted via liquid-chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Data showed that picroside I could decrease the serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), collagen type IV (CIV), N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP), laminin (LN), and hyaluronic acid (HA) and reduced fibrosis area. Picroside I altered metabolomic profiles, including energy, lipid, and glutathione (GSH) metabolism, in ice with fibrosis. Additionally, 25 differentially expressed proteins in the picroside I high-dose-treated group were reversed relative to in the model group. These proteins were involved in the sphingolipid signaling pathway, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Moreover, this study revealed how picroside I could protect against TAA-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Results indicated that picroside I can serve as a candidate drug for hepatic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xiong
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Mengge Shi
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Han Han
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barsain BL, Yadav SK. Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth., an Endangered Himalayan Elixir- Medicinal Importance and Exploration of Biotechnological Approaches in Picroside Production. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190625144322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the history of P. kurrooa Royle ex Benth., popularly known as “Kutki
or Kadu” dates back to the Vedic era, it has only been about 69 years since research has focussed
on exploring its pharmacological properties. It is a small perennial medicinal herb
that belongs to the Scrophulariaceae family. Found primarily in the north-western alpine
Himalayan region at the altitudes of 3000-4300 meters (amsl), the plant has immense
therapeutic and medicinal properties. Uniquely gifted, the plant holds its reputation in the
modern system of medicine in the treatment of liver disorders. The species has earned an
endangered status lately due to various issues like unawareness on its conservation,
harvesting methods, and cultivation besides others. Therefore, various new scientific
methods are being developed for its propagation and conservation. This article provides an
overview of the therapeutic properties, various mode of propagation as well as the molecular
aspects of P. kurrooa. Also, the metabolic engineering strategies to modulate its secondary
metabolite picrosides are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Lalhal Barsain
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061 (HP), India
| | - Sudesh Kumar Yadav
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061 (HP), India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Andrographolide Derivative AL-1 Ameliorates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Murine Colitis by Inhibiting NF- κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6138723. [PMID: 31687082 PMCID: PMC6800948 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6138723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) are commonly used to induce experimental murine ulcerative colitis (UC). Our recent study has demonstrated that a novel andrographolide derivative, AL-1, ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis in mice. However, the effect of AL-1 on DSS-induced murine colitis and the underlying mechanisms are yet unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of AL-1 against DSS-induced UC in mice and to define its mechanisms of action. Oral administration of AL-1 attenuated body weight loss, reduced colon length shortening, lowered the disease activity index score, and alleviated colon histological damage. AL-1 significantly inhibited myeloperoxidase activity and suppressed immune inflammatory responses in colonic tissues. Moreover, AL-1 reversed DSS-altered expression of inflammatory cytokines in DSS-induced colitis mice. Importantly, the efficacy of 45 mg/kg of AL-1 was higher than that of 100 mg/kg of the positive control drugs 5-aminosalicylic acid and mesalazine. AL-1 decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in cultured macrophages in vitro; it also reversed the altered expression of inflammatory cytokines. In both in vivo and in vitro studies, Western blot analysis revealed that AL-1 reduced the expression of phosphorylated NF-κB p65 and IκBα, downregulated the expression of iNOS and COX-2, and attenuated the expression of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), ERK, and JNK. In conclusion, AL-1 alleviated DSS-induced murine colitis by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Our data suggest that AL-1 could be a potential new treatment for UC.
Collapse
|
10
|
Protective effects of oxymatrine against DSS-induced acute intestinal inflammation in mice via blocking the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182297. [PMID: 31262973 PMCID: PMC6639456 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxymatrine (OMT) is an important quinoxaline alkaloid that has a wide range of pharmacological effects and has been shown to alleviate ulcerative colitis due to its profound anti-inflammatory effects. The RhoA/ROCK (Rho kinase) signaling pathway has been shown to be related to the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases; however, the specific mechanisms of RhoA/ROCK signaling in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain elusive. Therefore, we sought to determine whether OMT could ameliorate acute intestinal inflammation by targeting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. The potential therapeutic effect of OMT on acute intestinal inflammation and its impact on the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway were assessed in six groups of mice treated with low, medium and high doses of OMT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively), and an inhibitor of ROCK, Y-27632, as a positive control, after initiating dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute intestinal inflammation. The model group and normal group were injected intraperitoneally with equal doses of PBS. Our results showed that OMT treatment could protect the integrity of the epithelial barrier, relieve oxidative stress, inhibit the expression of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines, restrain the differentiation of Th17 cells and promote the differentiation of Treg cells via inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK pathway, thus providing therapeutic benefits for ulcerative colitis (UC). Therefore, inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK pathway might be a new approach that can be used in UC therapy, which deserves to be investigated further.
Collapse
|
11
|
"Picrosides" from Picrorhiza kurroa as potential anti-carcinogenic agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1680-1687. [PMID: 30551422 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The steady rise in life expectancy, modern life style and changing environmental conditions are responsible for increasing incidence of cancer. A number of chemical drugs have been used for cancer treatment; however the induction of genotoxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects limits their use. Alternatively, plant phytochemicals have been proven effective chemopreventive agents. This review illustrates the use of "picrosides" derived from Picrorhiza kurroa for the treatment of cancer. We have detailed the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory action of picrosides as the key mechanism in reducing oncogenesis. Action of picrosides on detoxifying enzymes, cell cyle regulation and induction of signal transducers inhibiting apoptosis has also been reviewed. The present review highlights the use of picrosides as an important therapeutic agent against different types of cancer.
Collapse
|
12
|
Kumar S, Patial V, Soni S, Sharma S, Pratap K, Kumar D, Padwad Y. Picrorhiza kurroa Enhances β-Cell Mass Proliferation and Insulin Secretion in Streptozotocin Evoked β-Cell Damage in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:537. [PMID: 28878669 PMCID: PMC5572391 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune destruction of insulin producing pancreatic β-cells leads to insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Regeneration of β-cells is one of the proposed treatment for type 1 diabetes and insulin insufficiency. Picrorhiza kurroa is a medicinal herb and is traditionally being used for the treatment of various diseases. Previous studies reported the hypoglycemic potential of P. kurroa. However, its potential role in β-cell induction in insulin secretion have not been fully investigated. Here, we characterized the hydro alcoholic extract of P. kurroa rhizome (PKRE) and further studied its β-cell regeneration and induction of insulin secretion potential in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats as well as in insulin producing Rin5f cells. 1H-NMR revealed the presence of more than thirty metabolites including picroside I and II in PKRE. Further, we found that PKRE treatment (100 and 200 mg/kg dose for 30 days) significantly (p ≤ 0.05) protected the pancreatic β-cells against streptozotocin (STZ) evoked damage and inhibited the glucagon receptor expression (Gcgr) in hepatic and renal tissues. It significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced the insulin expression and aids in proliferation of insulin producing Rin5f cells with elevated insulin secretion. Furthermore it significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased insulin mediated glucose uptake in 3T3L1 and L6 cells. On the contrary, in diabetic rats, PKRE significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased high blood glucose and restored the normal levels of serum biochemicals. Altogether, our results showed that PKRE displayed β-cell regeneration with enhanced insulin production and antihyperglycemic effects. PKRE also improves hepatic and renal functions against oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - Vikram Patial
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - Sourabh Soni
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - Supriya Sharma
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - Kunal Pratap
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India.,Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India
| | - Yogendra Padwad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab, Food and Nutraceuticals Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu B, Yang T, Zeng L, Shi L, Li Y, Xia Z, Xia X, Lin Q, Luo F. Crude extract of Fuzhuan brick tea ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice. Int J Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Molecular Nutrition Department; Food Science and Engineering College; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha Hunan 410004 China
| | - Tao Yang
- Molecular Nutrition Department; Food Science and Engineering College; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha Hunan 410004 China
| | - Linna Zeng
- Molecular Nutrition Department; Food Science and Engineering College; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha Hunan 410004 China
| | - Limin Shi
- Molecular Nutrition Department; Food Science and Engineering College; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha Hunan 410004 China
| | - Yan Li
- Molecular Nutrition Department; Food Science and Engineering College; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha Hunan 410004 China
| | - Zanguo Xia
- Hunan Axiang Tea and Fruit Foods Co., Ltd; Anhua Hunan 413500 China
| | - Xuping Xia
- Hunan Axiang Tea and Fruit Foods Co., Ltd; Anhua Hunan 413500 China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Molecular Nutrition Department; Food Science and Engineering College; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha Hunan 410004 China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Molecular Nutrition Department; Food Science and Engineering College; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha Hunan 410004 China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu B, Piao X, Guo L, Liu S, Chai F, Gao L. Ursolic acid protects against ulcerative colitis via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in mice. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4779-85. [PMID: 27082984 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) has been reported to have a protective effect in colitis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, experimental ulcerative colitis was induced in male BALB/c mice by the administration of 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 7 days, followed by treatment with UA for another 7 days. Hematoxylin & eosin staining was performed to evaluate colon tissue damage, and enzyme assays were used to measure malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in colon homogenate. In addition, serum levels of interleukin (IL)‑1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α were measured using an ELISA, and the level of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB p65 in the colonic tissues was assessed by western blotting. The 7‑day DSS administration induced marked colon damage, increased the serum levels of IL‑1β and TNF‑α, increased MDA content and decreased SOD activity in the colon homogenate. These changes were significantly improved by treatment with UA. UA also reduced the DSS‑stimulated high nuclear level of NF‑κB p65 in the colon tissues. These results demonstrate a protective role of UA in ulcerative colitis, and suggest that anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities are involved in the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baohai Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Xuehua Piao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Lianyi Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Fang Chai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Leming Gao
- The 2nd Clinic, Stomatology Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thangapazham RL, Sharad S, Maheshwari RK. Phytochemicals in Wound Healing. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5:230-241. [PMID: 27134766 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2013.0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Traditional therapies, including the use of dietary components for wound healing and skin regeneration, are very common in Asian countries such as China and India. The increasing evidence of health-protective benefits of phytochemicals, components derived from plants is generating a lot of interest, warranting further scientific evaluation and mechanistic studies. Recent Advances: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive substances present in plants, and some of them have the potential to provide better tissue remodeling when applied on wounds and to also act as proangiogenic agents during wound healing. Critical Issues: In this review, we briefly discuss the current understanding, important molecular targets, and mechanism of action(s) of some of the phytochemicals such as curcumin, picroliv, and arnebin-1. We also broadly review the multiple pathways that these phytochemicals regulate to enhance wound repair and skin regeneration. Future Directions: Recent experimental data on the effects of phytochemicals on wound healing and skin regeneration establish the potential clinical utility of plant-based compounds. Additional research in order to better understand the exact mechanism and potential targets of phytochemicals in skin regeneration is needed. Human studies a2nd clinical trials are pivotal to fully understand the benefits of phytochemicals in wound healing and skin regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh L. Thangapazham
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Prostate Disease Research; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shashwat Sharad
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Radha K. Maheshwari
- Department of Pathology, Center for Prostate Disease Research; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shirani K, Hassani FV, Razavi-Azarkhiavi K, Heidari S, Zanjani BR, Karimi G. Phytotrapy of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:1262-1275. [PMID: 26026872 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a cytotoxic drug that can suppress both humoral and cellular immunity. Combining traditional medicinal herbs and chemotherapy drugs are used to improve immunity and quality of life performance status. In this paper, the effects of plant extracts, active components and their derivatives on immunosuppression of CP are discussed. Appropriate keywords were used to search through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Sciverse. All relevant results published from 1990 to date were chosen for final review. Over 50 references were found in which plant extracts, active components and their derivatives have been tested for their immune protective effects against CP-induced immune toxicity. Although there are several plants shown to be effective in animal models, no study was carried out on human subjects. According to the results; we can claim that plants and their active ingredients are good candidates for alternative adjuvant chemotherapy in reducing the immunotoxicity of CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Shirani
- Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Vahdati Hassani
- Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kamal Razavi-Azarkhiavi
- Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Somayeh Heidari
- Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bamdad Riahi Zanjani
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory disorder of the colonic mucosa, and its etiology remains unclear. Animal models are commonly used to study UC, including the murine model of colitis induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The murine model of DSS-induced colitis is well appreciated and widely used because of its simplicity, cheapness and high success rate. DSS-induced colitis has many similarities to human UC in location, clinical and histological features. In view of its indispensable position in the study of UC, we provide a brief overview of the animal model of DSS-induced colitis in terms of its features, modelling methods, pathogenesis and influencing factors.
Collapse
|
18
|
Gupta R, Chaudhary AR, Shah BN, Jadhav AV, Zambad SP, Gupta RC, Deshpande S, Chauthaiwale V, Dutt C. Therapeutic treatment with a novel hypoxia-inducible factor hydroxylase inhibitor (TRC160334) ameliorates murine colitis. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2014; 7:13-23. [PMID: 24493931 PMCID: PMC3908906 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s51923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be achieved by improvement of intestinal barrier protection. Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) has been identified as a critical factor for barrier protection during mucosal insult and is linked with improvement in symptoms of colitis. Although prophylactic efficacy of HIF hydroxylase inhibitors in murine colitis have been established, its therapeutic efficacy in clinically relevant therapeutic settings have not been established. In the present study we aim to establish therapeutic efficacy of TRC160334, a novel HIF hydroxylase inhibitor, in animal models of colitis. METHODS The efficacy of TRC160334 was evaluated in two different mouse models of colitis by oral route. A prophylactic efficacy study was performed in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced mouse model of colitis representing human Crohn's disease pathology. Additionally, a therapeutic efficacy study was performed in a dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse model of colitis, a model simulating human ulcerative colitis. RESULTS TRC160334 treatment resulted in significant improvement in disease end points in both models of colitis. TRC160334 treatment resulted into cytoprotective heatshock protein 70 induction in inflamed colon. TRC160334 successfully attenuated the rate of fall in body weight, disease activity index, and macroscopic and microscopic scores of colonic damage leading to overall improvement in study outcome. CONCLUSION Our findings are the first to demonstrate that therapeutic intervention with a HIF hydroxylase inhibitor ameliorates IBD in disease models. These findings highlight the potential of TRC160334 for its clinical application in the treatment of IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anita R Chaudhary
- Cellular and Molecular Biology, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Binita N Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Avinash V Jadhav
- Preclinical Safety Evaluation, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Shitalkumar P Zambad
- Department of Pharmacology, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Gupta
- Discovery, Torrent Research Centre, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Shailesh Deshpande
- Discovery, Torrent Research Centre, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vijay Chauthaiwale
- Discovery, Torrent Research Centre, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Chaitanya Dutt
- Discovery, Torrent Research Centre, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Examination of the Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Xenobiotic-Inducing Potential of Broccoli Extract and Various Essential Oils during a Mild DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats. ISRN GASTROENTEROLOGY 2013; 2013:710856. [PMID: 23533793 PMCID: PMC3603549 DOI: 10.1155/2013/710856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phytogenic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are currently discussed as promising complementary agents in prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our study aimed to evaluate possible protective and curative effects of broccoli extract (BE) and of the essential oils of turmeric (Cuo), thyme (To), and rosemary (Ro) in a rat model with a mild dextran sulphate sodium- (DSS-) induced colitis. Therefore Wistar rats were fed a diet without an additive (Con) or diets with the addition of BE, Cuo, To, and Ro during the whole experiment. Pretreatment with Ro, Cuo, and To increased the expression of the tight junction protein Cldn3. All additives reduced mRNA of VCAM-1 which plays a crucial role in the first state of inflammatory response. Only Ro pretreatment affected the expression of the antioxidant enzymes HO1, GPx2, and of glutathione-S-transferases. All additives counteracted the DSS-induced rise in COX2 and VCAM-1 expression. Colonic IL-10 was increased by Cuo, To, and Ro. During the recovery phase DSS pretreatment increased NFκB, VCAM-1, and MCP-1: This response was counter-regulated by all additives. We conclude that the phytogenic additives tested have a promising anti-inflammatory potential in vivo and a particular role in the prevention of IBD.
Collapse
|