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Sun R, Wang F, Zhong C, Shi H, Peng X, Gao JW, Wu XT. The regulatory mechanism of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase on inflammatory senescence of nucleus pulposus cell. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:421. [PMID: 39034400 PMCID: PMC11265083 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04919-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular senescence features irreversible growth arrest and secretion of multiple proinflammatory cytokines. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) detects DNA damage and activates the DNA-sensing pathway, resulting in the upregulation of inflammatory genes and induction of cellular senescence. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cGAS in regulating senescence of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells under inflammatory microenvironment. METHODS The expression of cGAS was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in rat intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration model induced by annulus stabbing. NP cells were harvested from rat lumbar IVD and cultured with 10ng/ml IL-1β for 48 h to induce premature senescence. cGAS was silenced by cGAS specific siRNA in NP cells and cultured with IL-1β. Cellular senescence was evaluated by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and flow cytometry. The expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype including IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a was evaluated by ELISA and western blotting. RESULTS cGAS was detected in rat NP cells in cytoplasm and the expression was significantly increased in degenerated IVD. Culturing in 10ng/ml IL-1β for 48 h induced cellular senescence in NP cells with attenuation of G1-S phase transition. In senescent NP cells the expression of cGAS, p53, p16, NF-kB, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α was significantly increased while aggrecan and collagen type II was reduced than in normal NP cells. In NP cells with silenced cGAS, the expression of p53, p16, NF-kB, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α was reduced in inflammatory culturing with IL-1β. CONCLUSION cGAS was increased by NP cells in degenerated IVD promoting cellular senescence and senescent inflammatory phenotypes. Targeting cGAS may alleviate IVD degeneration by reducing NP cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Cong Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Jia-Wei Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China.
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Yang YH, Gu XP, Hu H, Hu B, Wan XL, Gu ZP, Zhong SJ. Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis, inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation via the YAP1/TAZ pathway in rats with intervertebral disc degeneration. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:555. [PMID: 36539815 PMCID: PMC9768949 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes of low back pain, which not only affects patients' life quality, but also places a great burden on the public health system. Recently, ginsenoside Rg1 has been found to act in IDD; however, the mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the function of ginsenoside Rg1 and its molecular mechanism in IDD. METHODS The rat model of IDD and nucleus pulposus (NP) experimental groups treated with ginsenoside Rg1 was constructed for investing the role of ginsenoside Rg1 in IDD rats. In the in vitro and in vivo study, the histological morphological changes, motor threshold (MT), inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, apoptosis and expression of the YAP1/TAZ signaling pathway-related proteins of the intervertebral discs (IVD) were measured by histological staining, mechanical and thermal stimulation, ELISA, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, and western blot, respectively. RESULTS Ginsenoside Rg1 significantly increased the threshold for mechanical and thermal stimulation and alleviated histological changes in IDD rats. Ginsenoside Rg1 had a significant inhibitory effect on the secretion level of inflammatory factors, redox activity, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in IVD tissue and NP cells, and apoptosis in NP cells. Further investigation revealed that ginsenoside Rg1 significantly inhibited the expression of YAP1/TAZ signaling pathway-related proteins. Additionally, the above inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on IDD progression was concentration-dependent, that is, the highest concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 was most effective. CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits IDD progression by suppressing the activation of YAP1/TAZ signaling pathway. This means that ginsenoside Rg1 has the potential to treat IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-hua Yang
- grid.460061.5The Third Department of Orthopedics, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, 332000 Jiangxi China
| | - Xiao-peng Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Guhechuan Bone Injury Hospital, Zhoushan,, 316101 Zhejiang China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Guhechuan Bone Injury Hospital, Zhoushan,, 316101 Zhejiang China
| | - Bin Hu
- grid.460061.5The Third Department of Orthopedics, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, 332000 Jiangxi China
| | - Xiang-lian Wan
- grid.460061.5The Nursing Department, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, 332000 Jiangxi China
| | - Zhi-ping Gu
- grid.460061.5The Third Department of Orthopedics, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, 332000 Jiangxi China
| | - Shao-jin Zhong
- grid.412528.80000 0004 1798 5117Pharmaceutical Department, Orthopedics and Diabetes Hospital in Haikou, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Haikou, 570311 Hainan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Pharmaceutical Department, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208 Hainan China
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Zieba J, Forlenza KN, Heard K, Martin JH, Bosakova M, Cohn DH, Robertson SP, Krejci P, Krakow D. Intervertebral disc degeneration is rescued by TGFβ/BMP signaling modulation in an ex vivo filamin B mouse model. Bone Res 2022; 10:37. [PMID: 35474298 PMCID: PMC9042866 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondylocarpotarsal syndrome (SCT) is a rare musculoskeletal disorder characterized by short stature and vertebral, carpal, and tarsal fusions resulting from biallelic nonsense mutations in the gene encoding filamin B (FLNB). Utilizing a FLNB knockout mouse, we showed that the vertebral fusions in SCT evolved from intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and ossification of the annulus fibrosus (AF), eventually leading to full trabecular bone formation. This resulted from alterations in the TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway that included increased canonical TGFβ and noncanonical BMP signaling. In this study, the role of FLNB in the TGFβ/BMP pathway was elucidated using in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo treatment methodologies. The data demonstrated that FLNB interacts with inhibitory Smads 6 and 7 (i-Smads) to regulate TGFβ/BMP signaling and that loss of FLNB produces increased TGFβ receptor activity and decreased Smad 1 ubiquitination. Through the use of small molecule inhibitors in an ex vivo spine model, TGFβ/BMP signaling was modulated to design a targeted treatment for SCT and disc degeneration. Inhibition of canonical and noncanonical TGFβ/BMP pathway activity restored Flnb-/- IVD morphology. These most effective improvements resulted from specific inhibition of TGFβ and p38 signaling activation. FLNB acts as a bridge for TGFβ/BMP signaling crosstalk through i-Smads and is key for the critical balance in TGFβ/BMP signaling that maintains the IVD. These findings further our understanding of IVD biology and reveal new molecular targets for disc degeneration as well as congenital vertebral fusion disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zieba
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - Kelly Heard
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jorge H Martin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Michaela Bosakova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel H Cohn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Stephen P Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Pavel Krejci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Deborah Krakow
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Li W, Zhang S, Wang D, Zhang H, Shi Q, Zhang Y, Wang M, Ding Z, Xu S, Gao B, Yan M. Exosomes Immunity Strategy: A Novel Approach for Ameliorating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:822149. [PMID: 35223870 PMCID: PMC8870130 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.822149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP), which is one of the most severe medical and social problems globally, has affected nearly 80% of the population worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common musculoskeletal disorder that happens to be the primary trigger of LBP. The pathology of IDD is based on the impaired homeostasis of catabolism and anabolism in the extracellular matrix (ECM), uncontrolled activation of immunologic cascades, dysfunction, and loss of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells in addition to dynamic cellular and biochemical alterations in the microenvironment of intervertebral disc (IVD). Currently, the main therapeutic approach regarding IDD is surgical intervention, but it could not considerably cure IDD. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30–150 nm, are secreted by various kinds of cell types like stem cells, tumor cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells; the lipid bilayer of the exosomes protects them from ribonuclease degradation and helps improve their biological efficiency in recipient cells. Increasing lines of evidence have reported the promising applications of exosomes in immunological diseases, and regarded exosomes as a potential therapeutic source for IDD. This review focuses on clarifying novel therapies based on exosomes derived from different cell sources and the essential roles of exosomes in regulating IDD, especially the immunologic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Quan Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mo Wang
- The First Brigade of Basic Medical College, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ziyi Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Songjie Xu
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
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Xie G, Liang C, Yu H, Zhang Q. Association between polymorphisms of collagen genes and susceptibility to intervertebral disc degeneration: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:616. [PMID: 34663366 PMCID: PMC8522091 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02724-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Collagens are important structural components of intervertebral disc. A number of studies have been performed for association between polymorphisms of collagen genes and risk of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) but yielded inconsistent results. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association of collagen IX alpha 2 (COL9A2) Trp2, collagen IX alpha 3 (COL9A3) Trp3, collagen I alpha 1 (COL1A1) Sp1 and collagen XI alpha 1 (COL11A1) C4603T polymorphisms with susceptibility to IVDD. Method Eligible studies were retrieved by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science prior to 31 March, 2021. Odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for association strength. Results A total of 28 eligible studies (31 datasets comprising 5497 cases and 5335 controls) were included. COL9A2 Trp2 carriers had an increased risk of IVDD than non-carriers in overall population (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 0.99–2.06, P = 0.058), which did not reach statistical significance. However, Trp2 carriers had 2.62-fold (95% CI 1.15–6.01, P = 0.022) risk than non-carriers in Caucasians. COL9A3 Trp3 was not associated with IVDD risk (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 0.81–2.02, P = 0.299). T allele and TT genotype of COL1A1 Sp1 (+ 1245G > T) were correlated with increased risk of IVDD. Significant associations were found between COL11A1 C4603T and IVDD risk under allelic (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.20–1.48), dominant (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.26–1.67), recessive (OR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.21–1.98) and homozygote model (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.40–2.34). Conclusions COL1A1 Sp1 and COL11A1 C4603T polymorphism are associated with IVDD risk while the predictive roles of collagen IX gene Trp2/3 need verification in more large-scale studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13018-021-02724-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yanhu District, Yuncheng, 044000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chunhong Liang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yanhu District, Yuncheng, 044000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Honglin Yu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yanhu District, Yuncheng, 044000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yanhu District, Yuncheng, 044000, Shanxi Province, China.
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Natural Products of Pharmacology and Mechanisms in Nucleus Pulposus Cells and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9963677. [PMID: 34394398 PMCID: PMC8357477 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9963677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes of low back pain (LBP), which severely reduces the quality of life and imposes a heavy financial burden on the families of affected individuals. Current research suggests that IDD is a complex cell-mediated process. Inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal mechanical load, telomere shortening, DNA damage, and nutrient deprivation contribute to intervertebral disc cell senescence and changes in matrix metabolism, ultimately causing IDD. Natural products are widespread, structurally diverse, afford unique advantages, and exhibit great potential in terms of IDD treatment. In recent years, increasing numbers of natural ingredients have been shown to inhibit the degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells through various modes of action. Here, we review the pharmacological effects of natural products on nucleus pulposus cells and the mechanisms involved. An improved understanding of how natural products target signalling pathways will aid the development of anti-IDD drugs. This review focuses on potential IDD drugs.
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Wang J, Huang L, Huang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Feng G, Liu L. Therapeutic effect of the injectable thermosensitive hydrogel loaded with SHP099 on intervertebral disc degeneration. Life Sci 2020; 266:118891. [PMID: 33310047 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD), a common musculoskeletal disease with limited self-healing ability, is challenging to treat. The development of innovative therapies to reverse IDD depends on the elucidation of its regulatory mechanisms. Therefore, the role of Src homology region 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) in the pathogenesis of IDD and the therapeutic effect of its small-molecule inhibitor, SHP099, were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of SHP2 by nucleus pulposus (NP) cells in IVD was investigated in vitro and in vivo, and its molecular mechanism in IDD was explored using transfection technology. Injectable N-isopropylacrylamide-based thermosensitive hydrogels were synthesized for SHP099 delivery. KEY FINDINGS SHP2 was highly expressed in degenerated IVDs, where its overexpression in NP cells inhibited the expression of Sry-related HMG box-9 (Sox9), leading to the decreased expression of key proteins (collagen II and aggrecan) and consequently to IDD. SHP099 reversed the degeneration of NP cells in vitro. Moreover, its administration in rats via the injectable thermosensitive hydrogel had a therapeutic effect on IDD. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that SHP2 is a key factor in IDD progression, and SHP099 inhibits both its expression and NP cell degeneration. Therefore, SHP099 delivery via injectable thermosensitive hydrogels is a potential treatment strategy for IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Leizhen Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulin Jiang
- Analytical and Testing Center, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Center, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ganjun Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Stergar J, Gradisnik L, Velnar T, Maver U. Intervertebral disc tissue engineering: A brief review. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2019; 19:130-137. [PMID: 30726701 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2019.3778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is associated with low back pain and significantly affects the patient's quality of life. Degeneration of the IVD alters disk height and the mechanics of the spine, leading to chronic segmental spinal instability. The pathophysiology of IVD disease is still not well understood. Current therapies for IDD include conservative and invasive approaches, but none of those treatments are able to restore the disc structure and function. Recently, tissue engineering techniques emerged as a possible approach to treat IDD, by replacing a damaged IVD with scaffolds and appropriate cells. Advances in manufacturing techniques, material processing and development, surface functionalization, drug delivery systems and cell incorporation furthered the development of tissue engineering therapies. In this review, biomaterial scaffolds and cell-based therapies for IVD regeneration are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janja Stergar
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
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Wang SZ, Fan WM, Jia J, Ma LY, Yu JB, Wang C. Is exclusion of leukocytes from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) a better choice for early intervertebral disc regeneration? Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:199. [PMID: 30021649 PMCID: PMC6052621 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is becoming a promising strategy to treat early intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) in clinics. Pure PRP without leukocytes (P-PRP) may decrease the catabolic and inflammatory changes in the early degenerated intervertebral discs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of P-PRP on nucleus pulposus-derived stem cells (NPSCs) isolated from early degenerated intervertebral discs in vitro. Methods NPSCs isolated from early degenerated discs of rabbits were treated with P-PRP or leukocyte-platelet-rich PRP (L-PRP) in vitro, followed by measuring cell proliferation, stem cell marker expression, inflammatory gene expression, and anabolic and catabolic protein expression by immunostaining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Cell proliferation was induced by P-PRP in a dose-dependent manner with maximum proliferation at 10% P-PRP dose. P-PRP induced differentiation of NPSCs into active nucleus pulposus cells. P-PRP mainly increased the expression of anabolic genes and relative proteins, aggrecan (AGC), collagen types II (Col II), while L-PRP predominantly increased the expression of catabolic and inflammatory genes, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-13, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and protein production of IL-1β and TNF-α. Conclusions Leukocytes in PRP activate inflammatory and catabolic effects on NPSCs from early degenerated intervertebral discs. Hence, P-PRP may be a more suitable therapeutic strategy for early IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Zheng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Min Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Yu Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Wang SZ, Jin JY, Guo YD, Ma LY, Chang Q, Peng XG, Guo FF, Zhang HX, Hu XF, Wang C. Intervertebral disc regeneration using platelet‑rich plasma‑containing bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells: A preliminary investigation. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3475-81. [PMID: 26956080 PMCID: PMC4805096 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet‑rich plasma (PRP) is a promising strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, the short half‑life of growth factors released from PRP cannot continuously stimulate the degenerated discs. Thus, the present study hypothesized that the combined use of PRP and bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may repair the early degenerated discs in the long term for their synergistic reparative effect. In the present study, following the induction of early IDD by annular puncture in rabbits, PRP was prepared and mixed with BMSCs (PRP‑BMSC group) for injection into the early degenerated discs. As controls, phosphate‑buffered saline (PBS; PBS group) and PRP (PRP group) were similarly injected. Rabbits without any intervention served as a control group. At 8 weeks following treatment, histological changes of the injected discs were assessed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to detect the T2‑weighted signal intensity of the targeted discs at weeks 1, 2 and 8 following treatment. Annular puncture resulted in disc narrowing and decreased T2‑weighted signal intensity. At weeks 1 and 3, MRI examinations showed regenerative changes in the PRP‑BMSC group and PRP group, whereas the PBS group exhibited a continuous degenerative process of the discs. At 8 weeks post‑injection, the PRP‑BMSCs induced a statistically significant restoration of discs, as shown by MRI (PRP‑BMSCs, vs.PRP and PBS; P<0.05), which was also confirmed by histological evaluations. Thus, compared with PRP, the administration of PRP‑containing BMSCs resulted in a superior regenerative effect on the early degenerated discs, which may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the restoration of early degenerated discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Yang Jin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Dong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Yu Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Gui Peng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Feng Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong, Jiangsu 226200, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Kubaszewski Ł, Zioła-Frankowska A, Frankowski M, Nowakowski A, Czabak-Garbacz R, Kaczmarczyk J, Gasik R. Atomic absorption spectrometry analysis of trace elements in degenerated intervertebral disc tissue. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2157-64. [PMID: 25366266 PMCID: PMC4301216 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have investigated trace elements (TE) in human intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue. Trace element presence can have diverse meanings: essential TE show the metabolic modalities of the tissue, while environmentally-related TE indicate pollution and tissue-specific absorption and accumulation. IVD is a highly specific compartment with impaired communication with adjacent bone. Analysis of TE in IVD provides new insights regarding tissue metabolism and IVD communication with other tissues. Material/Methods Thirty intervertebral discs were acquired from 22 patients during surgical treatment for degenerative disease. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to evaluate the concentrations of Al, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Mo, Mg, and Zn. Results Al, Pb, Cu, Mg, and Zn were detected in all samples. Pb was significantly positively correlated with age, and Ni concentration was weakly correlated with population count in the patient’s place of residence. Only Cu was observed in higher concentrations in IVD compared to in other tissues. Significant positive correlations were observed between the following pairs: Mg/Zn, Mg/Al, Mg/Pb, Zn/Al, Zn/Pb, and Al/Pb. Negative correlations were observed between Mg/Cd, Zn/Cd, Mg/Mo, and Mo/Pb. Conclusions This study is one of few to profile the elements in intervertebral discs in patients with degenerative changes. We report significant differences between trace element concentrations in intervertebral discs compared to in other tissues. Knowledge of the TE accumulation pattern is vital for better understanding intervertebral disc nutrition and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kubaszewski
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, W. Dega University Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anetta Zioła-Frankowska
- Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Frankowski
- Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Nowakowski
- Department of Spine Surgery, Oncologic Orthopaedics and Traumatology, W. Dega University Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Róża Czabak-Garbacz
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Kaczmarczyk
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, W. Dega University Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Robert Gasik
- Clinic and Polyclinic of Neuroorthopedic and Neurology, Institute of Rheumatology, Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Rizzello G, Longo UG, Petrillo S, Lamberti A, Khan WS, Maffulli N, Denaro V. Growth factors and stem cells for the management of anterior cruciate ligament tears. Open Orthop J 2012; 6:525-30. [PMID: 23248722 PMCID: PMC3522096 DOI: 10.2174/1874325001206010525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is fundamental for the knee joint stability. ACL tears are frequent, especially during sport activities, occurring mainly in young and active patients. Nowadays, the gold standard for the management of ACL tears remains the surgical reconstruction with autografts or allografts. New strategies are being developed to resolve the problems of ligament grafting and promote a physiological healing process of ligamentous tissue without requiring surgical reconstruction. Moreover, these strategies can be applicable in association surgical reconstruction and may be useful to promote and accelerate the healing process. The use of growth factors and stem cells seems to offer a new and fascinating solution for the management of ACL tears. The injection of stem cell and/or growth factors in the site of ligamentous injury can potentially enhance the repair process of the physiological tissue. These procedures are still at their infancy, and more in vivo and in vitro studies are required to clarify the molecular pathways and effectiveness of growth factors and stem cells therapy for the management of ACL tears. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge in the field of growth factors and stem cells for the management of ACL tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rizzello
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Trigoria, Rome, Italy ; Centro Integrato di Ricerca (CIR) Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
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