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Cavalera MA, Zatelli A, Donghia R, Mendoza-Roldan JA, Gernone F, Otranto D, Iatta R. Conjunctival Swab Real Time-PCR in Leishmania infantum Seropositive Dogs: Diagnostic and Prognostic Values. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020184. [PMID: 35205050 PMCID: PMC8869220 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary This 10-month-long study describes how conjunctival swab (CS) real time-PCR (qPCR) failed to be a useful diagnostic and prognostic test for canine leishmaniosis (CanL). From the beginning of the study (October 2020), a limited number of Leishmania infantum seropositive dogs remained CS qPCR positive in August 2021, and none of them developed an active CanL. Therefore, the detection of L. infantum kDNA by qPCR, even highly sensitive, may be considered “a random” if not accompanied by a significant clinical score for CanL and/or other direct diagnostic tests positivity. Hence, in seropositive dogs with CS qPCR positivity, sampling time and season variability of results should be considered. In this scenario, testing other significant biological samples (e.g., lymph node, bone marrow, and spleen), although invasive, is strongly advised. Abstract Conjunctival swabs (CS) are the most promising non-invasive samples for the diagnosis and the regular screening of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs although knowledge on their diagnostic performance is still inconclusive. This study evaluates CS real time-PCR (qPCR) analysis for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniosis (CanL) and its prognostic value in seropositive dogs from an endemic area. In October 2020 (T0), 26 dogs were enrolled, divided in two groups according to anti-L. infantum antibody titres (n = 13, group low titre (LT) and n = 13, group high titre (HT)), and followed-up in August 2021. At both timepoints, animals underwent clinical examination, complete blood count and biochemical analyses, and serological (indirect fluorescent antibody test) and molecular (CS and peripheral blood qPCR) testing. At T0, 10 out of 26 enrolled dogs were positive at CS qPCR, with the number of positive animals significantly higher in group HT than in LT. After 10 months, only 5 out of 21 dogs that completed the trial still tested CS qPCR positive, and none of them developed an active CanL based on clinical score and antibody titre. None of the dogs required any leishmanicidal and/or leishmaniostatic treatments. This prospective study showed unsatisfying diagnostic and prognostic performances of CS qPCR analysis in L. infantum seropositive asymptomatic dogs from an endemic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alfonsa Cavalera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (J.A.M.-R.); (F.G.); (D.O.)
| | - Andrea Zatelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (J.A.M.-R.); (F.G.); (D.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rossella Donghia
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study” National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy;
| | | | - Floriana Gernone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (J.A.M.-R.); (F.G.); (D.O.)
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (J.A.M.-R.); (F.G.); (D.O.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65175-4161, Iran
| | - Roberta Iatta
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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de Sousa Gonçalves R, de Pinho FA, Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Mendes MO, de Andrade TS, da Silva Solcà M, Larangeira DF, Silvestre R, Barrouin-Melo SM. Nutritional adjuvants with antioxidant properties in the treatment of canine leishmaniasis. Vet Parasitol 2021; 298:109526. [PMID: 34271314 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Clinical improvement of dogs treated for canine leishmaniasis (CanL) requires reducing Leishmania infantum loads, which depend on intracellular oxidant compounds to destroy the parasite. However, oxidative species' excess and antioxidants consumption can culminate in oxidative stress, resulting in increased, widespread inflammation. We aimed to evaluate if early or late addition of nutritional adjuvants (NAs) - omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and B vitamins - to anti-Leishmania drugs (ALDs) in the treatment of CanL would be clinically beneficial. For that, serum biomarkers including oxidative stress parameters were analyzed during 12 months in dogs allocated to two treatment groups: (G1) NAs administered from 30 days prior to the beginning of ALDs; and (G2) NAs administered from 61 days after the beginning of ALDs. Both G1 and G2 continued to receive NAs until the 12th month. The ALDs administered were metronidazole associated with ketoconazole (40 days), followed by allopurinol from day 41 until the 12th month. G1 exhibited superior inflammation control, with reduced globulins (p = 0.025), specific anti-Leishmania immunoglobulins (p = 0.016), total protein (p = 0.031), and an increased serum albumin/globulin ratio (p = 0.033), compared to G2. The early use of NAs associated with ALDs is clinically beneficial in treating dogs with CanL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela de Sousa Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Flaviane Alves de Pinho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Oliveira Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Tiago Sena de Andrade
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Manuela da Silva Solcà
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, UFBA, 40170-110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Daniela Farias Larangeira
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Varjão NM, Araújo IBDO, Hlavac N, Nunes TL, Varjão BM, de Pinho FA, Barrouin-Melo SM. Histopathological Parameters of Canine Bone Marrow in Cell-Block Preparations. Top Companion Anim Med 2021; 45:100552. [PMID: 34126227 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies using the cell-block technique for bone marrow (BM) analysis are limited in the veterinary literature. This work assessed whether the histopathological analysis of canine BM was feasible using cell-block cytoinclusions prepared from fine-needle sternal aspirate samples. Eight clinically healthy young-to-middle-aged dogs underwent both fine-needle sternal aspiration for BM cell-block (BM-Cb) processing and iliac-crest BM core biopsy (BM-B). Histopathologic parameters were compared between the 2 methods. There were no statistically significant histopathological differences between hematopoietic tissue areas (P = .6294) in the BM-Cb and BM-B sections, and they had similar microscopic characteristics and microarchitecture. Cellularity and reticulin-fiber staining were equivalent in the BM-Cb and BM-B preparations in 87.5% (7/8) and 100% (8/8) of the sections, respectively. However, the quantitative results of the megakaryocytic series differed between BM-Cb and BM-B in 37.5% (3/8) of the sections, and the myeloid:erythroid (M:E) ratios differed between the 2 methods in 25% (2/8). These preliminary data indicate that cell-block preparations made from sternal fine-needle aspiration samples warrant continued evaluation in a larger number of animals, including those with various diseases affecting the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Milen Varjão
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Nicole Hlavac
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Talyta Lins Nunes
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Bruno Milen Varjão
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Flaviane Alves de Pinho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, Teaching Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Varjão BM, Pinho FAD, Solcà MDS, Silvestre R, Fujimori M, Goto H, Varjão NM, Dias RC, Barrouin-Melo SM. Spatial distribution of canine Leishmania infantum infection in a municipality with endemic human leishmaniasis in Eastern Bahia, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e022620. [PMID: 34076050 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612021034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Efforts to control a zoonotic disease such as visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum can be successful if they rely on comprehensive data on animal infection. In Bahia state, Brazil, human VL is endemic, yet some areas have no epidemiological data on canine L. infantum infection and canine leishmaniasis (CanL) to date. We aimed to perform an epidemiological study describing the spatial distribution and characterizing canine L. infantum infection in two districts of the municipality of Muritiba, where human cases have occurred. Brazilian official serodiagnostic protocol (ELISA and immunochromatographic tests), PCR and clinical examination were performed in 351 owned dogs. A seroprevalence of 15.7% (55/351) was found, and L. infantum identified in 88.8% (32/36) of PCR tested samples. Spatial distribution of positive dogs indicated infection in both urban and rural districts. There was no association between seropositivity and sex or breed, but dogs older than 2 years were 3.8 times more likely to be seropositive (95% CI 1.57 - 9.18) than younger dogs. Among seropositive dogs, 80% (44/55) had clinical manifestations of CanL: 75% (33/44) presented dermatopathy, 50% (22/44) emaciation, and 29.5% (13/44) ophthalmopathy. This is the first report on canine seroprevalence and natural L. infantum infection in Muritiba, Bahia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Milen Varjão
- Laboratório de Infectologia Veterinária, Hospital-Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Flaviane Alves de Pinho
- Laboratório de Infectologia Veterinária, Hospital-Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Departamento de Anatomia, Patologia e Clínicas Veterinárias, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Manuela da Silva Solcà
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Produção Animal, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- Instituto de Investigação em Ciências da Vida e Saúde - ICVS, Escola de Medicina, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Laboratório Associado ICVS/3B's - Instituto de Investigação em Biomateriais, Biodegradáveis e Biomiméticos, Universidade do Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Mahyumi Fujimori
- Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia e Imunobiologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Hiro Goto
- Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia e Imunobiologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Natasha Milen Varjão
- Laboratório de Infectologia Veterinária, Hospital-Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Roberta Costa Dias
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Produção Animal, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo
- Laboratório de Infectologia Veterinária, Hospital-Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Departamento de Anatomia, Patologia e Clínicas Veterinárias, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
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Iarussi F, Paradies P, Foglia Manzillo V, Gizzarelli M, Caratozzolo MF, Navarro C, Greco B, Rubino GTR, Oliva G, Sasanelli M. Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:577395. [PMID: 33381534 PMCID: PMC7767967 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.577395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Miltefosine (MIL)–allopurinol combination therapy administered at standard dosage is effective to treat canine leishmaniosis, nevertheless for some dogs the digestive tolerance of MIL is not acceptable. This study evaluates an alternative therapeutic protocol by using a modified dosage of MIL to increase its effectiveness and improve the digestive tolerance. Thirty-four Leishmania infantum owned naturally infected dogs were included and monitored for 180 days. The dogs were allocated in two randomized groups: Group X−18 dogs treated with MIL registered dose of 2 mg/kg, oral administration, once daily, for 28 days; Group Y−16 dogs treated with 1.2 mg/kg for 5 days followed by 2.5 mg/kg for 25 days. Both groups were also treated with allopurinol. Digestive tolerance was monitored by adverse events observation. Treatments effectiveness was evaluated by monitoring the reduction of clinical score, the improvement of clinicopathological abnormalities, the reduction of parasitological load by PCR and the number of relapses. 16.6% dogs of group X and 12.5% dogs of group Y showed treatment associated adverse events. The reduction of clinical score was 61.7% for group X and 71.6% for group Y. All dogs showed an improvement of laboratory parameters after treatment. Quantitative PCR showed better results in group Y compared to group X; relapses were only registered in four dogs of group X. The modified protocol demonstrates a better trend of results in term of tolerance, clinical effectiveness, parasitological load reduction and relapses control, suggesting it could be considered for new large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Iarussi
- Dipartimento Dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi, Sezione Veterinaria, Università Degli Studi "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Paradies
- Dipartimento Dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi, Sezione Veterinaria, Università Degli Studi "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Foglia Manzillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Manuela Gizzarelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Beatrice Greco
- Dipartimento Dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi, Sezione Veterinaria, Università Degli Studi "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Oliva
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Sasanelli
- Dipartimento Dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi, Sezione Veterinaria, Università Degli Studi "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Magalhães AOD, Bezerra LM, Araújo DP, Lima BSGD, Assunção LDP, Nascente EDP, Santin API, Menezes RC, Moura VMBDD. Anatomomopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the spleen and lymph node of dogs seropositives for leishmaniasis in serological tests. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v22e-68909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan of the species Leishmania infantum. The spleen and lymph nodes undergo morphological changes during CanL. This research aimed to perform an anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study of these organs in dogs reactive to leishmaniasis in the Dual-path Platform chromatographic immunoassay (DPP®) and Enzyme Immunoabsorption Assay (ELISA). Twenty-seven dogs were evaluated for anatomopathological examination with 92.6% showing changes at gross evaluation, specially splenomegaly and lymphadenomegaly. All dogs showed changes in the spleen unrelated to the parasitic load, with granulomatous splenitis being the most severe change. Diffuse cortical and paracortical hyperplasia, and hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the medullary cords were observed in the lymph node. Amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were found in the spleen and lymph node at histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations, with good agreement between these evaluations (k = 0.55, p = 0.00124), but no difference was observed in the parasitic intensity of these organs at immunohistochemistry (p = 0.23). It was concluded that spleen and lymph node from dogs reactive to leishmaniasis on the DPP® and ELISA tests show histomorphological changes resulting from the disease, independent to the parasitic load, as well as these organs show similar parasitic load at immunohistochemical test.
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Woods GA, Simpson M, Boag A, Paris J, Piccinelli C, Breheny C. Complications associated with bone marrow sampling in dogs and cats. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 62:209-215. [PMID: 33274762 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prevalence of complications during bone marrow sampling and associated patient and procedural factors in dogs and cats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective cohort study, records were evaluated to identify dogs and cats that had bone marrow sampling between 2012 and 2019. Data including signalment, the presence of specific clinicopathological findings, anatomical site of bone marrow sampling, number of attempts, diagnostic quality of sampling, analgesia protocol and complications postprocedure were recorded. RESULTS A total of 131 dogs and 29 cats were included in the study. Complications were recorded in 22 of 160 (14%) of cases. Pain was the most common complication of bone marrow sampling in 20 of 22 (91%) of cases with bruising reported in the remaining patients. A local anaesthetic block was used in 98 of 160 (61%) of patients. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Excluding pain, complications associated with bone marrow sampling were rare and no clear association were detected between patient or procedural variables. Haemorrhage and infection are rare complications in dogs and cats when thrombocytopenia and neutropenia are present. Peri-procedure analgesia is strongly recommended to minimise complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Woods
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - M Simpson
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - A Boag
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK.,The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4T, UK
| | - J Paris
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - C Piccinelli
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK.,Easter Bush Pathology, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - C Breheny
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
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Mathematical Modelling Using Predictive Biomarkers for the Outcome of Canine Leishmaniasis upon Chemotherapy. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050745. [PMID: 32429309 PMCID: PMC7285289 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediction parameters of possible outcomes of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) therapy might help with therapeutic decisions and animal health care. Here, we aimed to develop a diagnostic method with predictive value by analyzing two groups of dogs with CanL, those that exhibited a decrease in parasite load upon antiparasitic treatment (group: responders) and those that maintained high parasite load despite the treatment (group: non-responders). The parameters analyzed were parasitic load determined by q-PCR, hemogram, serum biochemistry and immune system-related gene expression signature. A mathematical model was applied to the analysis of these parameters to predict how efficient their response to therapy would be. Responder dogs restored hematological and biochemical parameters to the reference values and exhibited a Th1 cell activation profile with a linear tendency to reach mild clinical alteration stages. Differently, non-responders developed a mixed Th1/Th2 response and exhibited markers of liver and kidney injury. Erythrocyte counts and serum phosphorus were identified as predictive markers of therapeutic response at an early period of assessment of CanL. The results presented in this study are highly encouraging and may represent a new paradigm for future assistance to clinicians to interfere precociously in the therapeutic approach, with a more precise definition in the patient's prognosis.
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Viall AK, McLeland SM, McQuinn ER, Ho‐Eckart LK, Johannes CM. Haemophagocytic syndrome in a dog with granulomatous splenitis. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2016-000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Austin K Viall
- Veterinary PathologyIowa State University College of Veterinary MedicineAmesIowaUSA
| | - Shannon M McLeland
- Veterinary PathologyIowa State University College of Veterinary MedicineAmesIowaUSA
| | - Erin R McQuinn
- Veterinary PathologyIowa State University College of Veterinary MedicineAmesIowaUSA
| | - Louisa K Ho‐Eckart
- Veterinary PathologyIowa State University College of Veterinary MedicineAmesIowaUSA
| | - Chad M Johannes
- Veterinary PathologyIowa State University College of Veterinary MedicineAmesIowaUSA
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Corpas-López V, Merino-Espinosa G, Acedo-Sánchez C, Díaz-Sáez V, Morillas-Márquez F, Martín-Sánchez J. Hair parasite load as a new biomarker for monitoring treatment response in canine leishmaniasis. Vet Parasitol 2016; 223:20-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Menezes R, Madeira M, Ferreira L, Barbosa Filho C, Miranda L, Figueiredo F. Cell-block Immunohistochemistry of Bone Marrow Aspirates: a Novel Tool to Improve the Diagnosis of Leishmania Infection in Dogs. J Comp Pathol 2016; 154:157-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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