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Messeha SS, Noel S, Zarmouh NO, Womble T, Latinwo LM, Soliman KFA. Involvement of AKT/PI3K Pathway in Sanguinarine's Induced Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:323-342. [PMID: 37400144 PMCID: PMC10320563 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Chemotherapy resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells is well documented. Therefore, it is necessary to develop safer and more effective therapeutic agents to enhance the outcomes of chemotherapeutic agents. The natural alkaloid sanguinarine (SANG) has demonstrated therapeutic synergy when coupled with chemotherapeutic agents. SANG can also induce cell cycle arrest and trigger apoptosis in various cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying SANG activity in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells as two genetically different models of TNBC. We employed various assays including Alamar Blue to measure the effect of SANG on cell viability and proliferation rate, flow cytometry analysis to study the potential of the compound to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, quantitative qRT PCR apoptosis array to measure the expression of different genes mediating apoptosis, and the western system was used to analyze the impact of the compound on AKT protein expression. RESULTS SANG lowered cell viability and disrupted cell cycle progression in both cell lines. Furthermore, S-phase cell cycle arrest-mediated apoptosis was found to be the primary contributor to cell growth inhibition in MDA-MB-231 cells. SANG-treated TNBC cells showed significantly up-regulated mRNA expression of 18 genes associated with apoptosis, including eight TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), three members of the BCL2 family, and two members of the caspase (CASP) family in MDA-MB-468 cells. In MDA-MB-231 cells, two members of the TNF superfamily and four members of the BCL2 family were affected. The western study data showed the inhibition of AKT protein expression in both cell lines concurrent with up-regulated BCL2L11 gene. Our results point to the AKT/PI3K signaling pathway as one of the key mechanisms behind SANG-induced cell cycle arrest and death. CONCLUSION SANG shows anticancer properties and apoptosis-related gene expression changes in the two TNBC cell lines and suggests AKT/PI3K pathway implication in apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest. Thus, we propose SANG's potential as a solitary or supplementary treatment agent against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia S Messeha
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Sophie Noel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Najla O Zarmouh
- Faculty of Medical Technology-Misrata, Libyan Ministry of Technical & Vocational Education, Misrata, Libya
| | - Tracy Womble
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Lekan M Latinwo
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.;
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Rao Malla R, Bhamidipati P, Adem M. Insights into the potential of Sanguinarine as a promising therapeutic option for breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115565. [PMID: 37086811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of BC. A significant proportion of BC is characterized by a hypoxic TME, which contributes to the development of drug resistance and cancer recurrence. Sanguinarine (SAN), an isoquinoline alkaloid found in Papaver plants, has shown promise as an anticancer agent. The present review focuses on exploring the molecular mechanisms of hypoxic TME in BC and the potential of SAN as a therapeutic option. The review presents the current understanding of the hypoxic TME, its signaling pathways, and its impact on the progression of BC. Additionally, the review elaborates on the mechanisms of action of SAN in BC, including its effects on vital cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, drug resistance, and tumor-induced immune suppression. The review highlights the importance of addressing hypoxic TME in treating BC and the potential of SAN as a promising therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Priyamvada Bhamidipati
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Meghapriya Adem
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visva vidhyalayam, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Xu R, Wu J, Luo Y, Wang Y, Tian J, Teng W, Zhang B, Fang Z, Li Y. Sanguinarine represses the growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by facilitating ferroptosis. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:760-768. [PMID: 35176976 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220217124542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sanguinarine (SAG), a natural benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis Linn. (Bloodroot), possesses a potential anticancer activity. Lung carcinoma is the chief cause of malignancy-related mortality in China. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the main subtype of lung carcinoma and accounts for about eighty-five percent of this disease. Current treatment in controlling and curing NSCLC remains deficient. AIM OF THE STUDY The role and underlying mechanism of SAG in repressing the growth and metastasis of NSCLC was explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS The role of SAG in regulating the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells was evaluated in vitro and in a xenograft model. After treatment with SAG, Fe2+ concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) content in NSCLC cells were assessed to evaluate the effect of SAG on facilitating ferroptosis. RESULTS SAG exhibited a dose- and time- dependent cytotoxicity in A549 and H3122 cells. SAG treatment effectively repressed the growth and metastasis of NSCLC in a xenograft model. We for the first time verified that SAG triggered ferroptosis of NSCLC cells, as evidenced by increased Fe2+ concentration, ROS level, and MDA content, and decreased GSH content. Mechanistically, SAG decreased the protein stability of glutathione peroxide 4 (GPX4) through E3 ligase STUB1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of endogenous GPX4. GPX4 overexpression restored the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells treated with SAG through inhibiting ferroptosis. CONCLUSIONS SAG inhibits the growth and metastasis of NSCLC by regulating STUB1/GPX4-dependent ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhong Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Jianchun Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yingbin Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Jianhui Tian
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Wenjing Teng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Zhihong Fang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
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Anjago WM, Zeng W, Chen Y, Wang Y, Biregeya J, Li Y, Zhang T, Peng M, Cai Y, Shi M, Wang B, Zhang D, Wang Z, Chen M. The molecular mechanism underlying pathogenicity inhibition by sanguinarine in Magnaporthe oryzae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4669-4679. [PMID: 34116584 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sanguinarine (SAN) is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid that broadly targets a range of pathways in mammalian and fungal cells. In this study we set out to explore the molecular mechanism of sanguinarine inhibition of the fungal development and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae with the hope that sanguinarine will bolster the development of antiblast agents. RESULTS We found that the fungus exhibited a significant reduction in vegetative growth and hyphal melanization while the spores produced long germ tubes on the artificial hydrophobic surface characteristic of a defect in thigmotropic sensing when exposed to 4, 8 and 0.5 μm sanguinarine, respectively. Consistent with these findings, we observed that the genes involved in melanin biosynthesis and the fungal hydrophobin MoMPG1 were remarkably suppressed in mycelia treated with 8 μm sanguinarine. Additionally, sanguinarine inhibited appressorium formation at a dose of 1.0 μm and this defect was restored by supplementing 5 mM of exogenous cAMP. By qRT-PCR assay we found cAMP pathway signalling genes such as MoCAP1 and MoCpkA were significantly repressed whereas MoCDTF1 and MoSOM1 were upregulated in sanguinarine-treated strains. Furthermore, we showed that sanguinarine does not selectively inhibit vegetative growth and appressorium formation of Guy11 but also other strains of M. oryzae. Finally, treatment of sanguinarine impaired the appressorium-mediated penetration and pathogenicity of M. oryzae in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Based on our results we concluded that sanguinarine is an attractive antimicrobial candidate for fungicide development in the control of rice blast disease. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred Mabeche Anjago
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Yixiao Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jules Biregeya
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunxi Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minghui Peng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingyue Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baohua Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meilian Chen
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
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5
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Khan AQ, Rashid K, AlAmodi AA, Agha MV, Akhtar S, Hakeem I, Raza SS, Uddin S. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer pathogenesis and therapy: An update on the role of ROS in anticancer action of benzophenanthridine alkaloids. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112142. [PMID: 34536761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species play crucial role in biological homeostasis and pathogenesis of human diseases including cancer. In this line, now it has become evident that ROS level/concentration is a major factor in the growth, progression and stemness of cancer cells. Moreover, cancer cells maintain a delicate balance between ROS and antioxidants to promote pathogenesis and clinical challenges via targeting a battery of signaling pathways converging to cancer hallmarks. Recent findings also entail the therapeutic importance of ROS for the better clinical outcomes in cancer patients as they induce apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, poor clinical outcomes associated with cancer therapies are the major challenge and use of natural products have been vital in attenuation of these challenges due to their multitargeting potential with less adverse effects. In fact, most available drugs are derived from natural resources, either directly or indirectly and available evidence show the clinical importance of natural products in the management of various diseases, including cancer. ROS play a critical role in the anticancer actions of natural products, particularly phytochemicals. Benzophenanthridine alkaloids of the benzyl isoquinoline family of alkaloids, such as sanguinarine, possess several pharmacological properties and are thus being studied for the treatment of different human diseases, including cancer. In this article, we review recent findings, on how benzophenanthridine alkaloid-induced ROS play a critical role in the attenuation of pathological changes and stemness features associated with human cancers. In addition, we highlight the role of ROS in benzophenanthridine alkaloid-mediated activation of the signaling pathway associated with cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Rashid
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Maha Victor Agha
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ishrat Hakeem
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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6
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Garcia-Gil M, Turri B, Gabriele M, Pucci L, Agnarelli A, Lai M, Freer G, Pistello M, Vignali R, Batistoni R, Marracci S. Protopine/Gemcitabine Combination Induces Cytotoxic or Cytoprotective Effects in Cell Type-Specific and Dose-Dependent Manner on Human Cancer and Normal Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020090. [PMID: 33530428 PMCID: PMC7912662 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural alkaloid protopine (PRO) exhibits pharmacological properties including anticancer activity. We investigated the effects of PRO, alone and in combination with the chemotherapeutic gemcitabine (GEM), on human tumor cell lines and non-tumor human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). We found that treatments with different PRO/GEM combinations were cytotoxic or cytoprotective, depending on concentration and cell type. PRO/GEM decreased viability in pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells, while it rescued the GEM-induced viability decline in HDFs and in tumor MCF-7 cells. Moreover, PRO/GEM decreased G1, S and G2/M phases, concomitantly with an increase of subG1 phase in MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells. Differently, PRO/GEM restored the normal progression of the cell cycle, altered by GEM, and decreased cell death in HDFs. PRO alone increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1 cells and HDFs, while PRO/GEM increased both intracellular and mitochondrial ROS in the three cell lines. These results indicate that specific combinations of PRO/GEM may be used to induce cytotoxic effects in pancreatic tumor MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells, but have cytoprotective or no effects in HDFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Turri
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Morena Gabriele
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Laura Pucci
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Alessandro Agnarelli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Michele Lai
- Retrovirus Centre, Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Giulia Freer
- Retrovirus Centre, Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Mauro Pistello
- Retrovirus Centre, Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Robert Vignali
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Renata Batistoni
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
- Istituto Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Marracci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
- Istituto Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence:
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7
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Dong XZ, Song Y, Lu YP, Hu Y, Liu P, Zhang L. Sanguinarine inhibits the proliferation of BGC-823 gastric cancer cells via regulating miR-96-5p/miR-29c-3p and the MAPK/JNK signaling pathway. J Nat Med 2019; 73:777-788. [PMID: 31243669 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01330-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sanguinarine (SAN), a quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloid extracted from the root of Papaveraceae plants, has shown antitumour effects in multiple cancer cells. However, the therapeutic effects and the underlying mechanisms of SAN in gastric cancer (GC) remain elusive. In this study, the in vitro proliferation inhibition effect of SAN in GC cells was determined using CCK-8 assay, the in vivo antitumor effect of SAN was evaluated in mice with xenotransplanted tumor. The mechanism underlying the antitumor activity of SAN was explored by gene microarray assay and bioinformatics analysis. The levels of differentially expressed miRNAs and target genes were verified by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. SAN inhibited the proliferation of BGC-823 cells in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. The miR-96-5p and miR-29c-3p were significantly upregulated in untreated BGC-823 cells and significantly downregulated in SAN treated cells. The mRNA and protein expression of their target gene MAP4K4 were upregulated in SAN treated xenotransplanted tumors, and pMEK4 and pJNK1 proteins in the MAPK/JNK signaling pathway were also upregulated by SAN. These indicate that SAN may inhibit the proliferation of BGC-823 cells through the inhibition of miR-96-5p and miR-29c-3p expression, and subsequent activation of the MAPK/JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Zhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Road, Xicheng District, 100053, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Road, Xicheng District, 100053, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Pan Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Road, Xicheng District, 100053, Beijing, China.
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Antiangiogenic Effect of Alkaloids. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9475908. [PMID: 31178979 PMCID: PMC6501137 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9475908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloids are among the natural phytochemicals contained in functional foods and nutraceuticals and have been suggested for the prevention and/or management of oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated diseases. In this review, we aimed to describe the effects of alkaloids in angiogenesis, the process playing a crucial role in tumor growth and invasion, whereby new vessels form. Antiangiogenic compounds including herbal ingredients, nonherbal alkaloids, and microRNAs can be used for the control and treatment of cancers. Several lines of evidence indicate that alkaloid-rich plants have several interesting features that effectively inhibit angiogenesis. In this review, we present valuable data on commonly used alkaloid substances as potential angiogenic inhibitors. Different herbal and nonherbal ingredients, introduced as antiangiogenesis agents, and their role in angiogenesis-dependent diseases are reviewed. Studies indicate that angiogenesis suppression is exerted through several mechanisms; however, further investigations are required to elucidate their precise molecular and cellular mechanisms, as well as potential side effects.
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Akhtar S, Achkar IW, Siveen KS, Kuttikrishnan S, Prabhu KS, Khan AQ, Ahmed EI, Sahir F, Jerobin J, Raza A, Merhi M, Elsabah HM, Taha R, Omri HE, Zayed H, Dermime S, Steinhoff M, Uddin S. Sanguinarine Induces Apoptosis Pathway in Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines via Inhibition of the JaK2/STAT3 Signaling. Front Oncol 2019; 9:285. [PMID: 31058086 PMCID: PMC6478801 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanguinarine (SNG), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid, has displayed various anticancer abilities in several vivo and in vitro studies. However, the anticancer potential of SNG is yet to be established in multiple myeloma (MM), a mostly incurable malignancy of plasma cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of SNG in a panel of MM cell lines (U266, IM9, MM1S, and RPMI-8226). SNG treatment of MM cells resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability through mitochondrial membrane potential loss and activation of caspase 3, 9, and cleavage of PARP. Pre-treatment of MM cells with a universal caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, prevented SNG mediated loss of cell viability, apoptosis, and caspase activation, confirming that SNG-mediated apoptosis is caspase-dependent. The SNG-mediated apoptosis appears to be resulted from suppression of the constitutively active STAT3 with a concomitant increase in expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-1). SNG treatment of MM cells leads to down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins including cyclin D, Bcl-2, Bclxl, and XIAP. In addition, it also upregulates pro-apoptotic protein, Bax. SNG mediated cellular DNA damage in MM cell lines by induction of oxidative stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of glutathione. Finally, the subtoxic concentration of SNG enhanced the cytotoxic effects of anticancer drugs bortezomib (BTZ) by suppressing the viability of MM cells via induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis. Altogether our findings demonstrate that SNG induces mitochondrial and caspase-dependent apoptosis, generates oxidative stress, and suppresses MM cell lines proliferation. In addition, co-treatment of MM cell lines with sub-toxic doses of SNG and BTZ potentiated the cytotoxic activity. These results would suggest that SNG could be developed into therapeutic agent either alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Iman W Achkar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kodappully S Siveen
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eiman I Ahmed
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fairooz Sahir
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jayakumar Jerobin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Afsheen Raza
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Elsabah
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruba Taha
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Halima El Omri
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Dermatology Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell-Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell-Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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10
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Wan M, Zhang L, Chen Y, Li Q, Fan W, Xue Q, Yan F, Song W. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity Evaluation of Novel Phenanthridine Derivatives. Front Oncol 2019; 9:274. [PMID: 31058081 PMCID: PMC6478010 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the structure of sanguinarine, fourteen phenanthridine derivatives were designed and synthesized in the current study. The cytotoxic activities of synthesized compounds were evaluated against five human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, PC3, Hela, A549, and HepG2 cell lines) via MTT assay. Among all the compounds tested, molecule 8a exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells with a IC50 value of 0.28 μM. A following up enzymatic assay indicated that compound 8a could inhibit the activity of DNA topoisomerase I/II. Further mechanistic studies performed in the MCF-7 cell line revealed that compound 8a could arrest cell cycle in S phase and induce cell apoptosis via downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax. Collectively, a potent DNA topoisomerase inhibitor (8a) was discovered, which exhibited potential as a candidate chemotherapeutic agent for the management of tumors in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenli Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qingxia Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Weiguo Song
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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11
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Galadari S, Rahman A, Pallichankandy S, Thayyullathil F. Molecular targets and anticancer potential of sanguinarine-a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 34:143-153. [PMID: 28899497 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is an enormous global health burden, and should be effectively addressed with better therapeutic strategies. Currently, over 60% of the clinically approved anticancer agents are either directly isolated from natural sources or are modified from natural lead molecules. Sanguinarine (SNG), a quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloid has gained increasing attention in recent years as a potential anticancer agent. PURPOSE There is a large untapped source of phytochemical-based anticancer agents remaining to be explored. This review article aims to recapitulate different anticancer properties of SNG, and describes some of the molecular targets involved in exerting its effect. It also depicts the pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of SNG, two parameters important in determining the druggability of a molecule. METHODS Numerous in vivo and in vitro published studies have signified the anticancer properties of SNG. In order to collate and decipher these properties, an extensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus using keywords followed by the evaluation of the relevant articles where the relevant reports are integrated and analyzed. RESULTS Apart from inducing cell death, SNG inhibits pro-tumorigenic processes such as invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis in different cancers. Moreover, SNG has been shown to synergistically enhance the sensitivity of several chemotherapeutic agents and is effective against a variety of multi-drug resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehamuddin Galadari
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Anees Rahman
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Siraj Pallichankandy
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Faisal Thayyullathil
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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12
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Bodle CR, Mackie DI, Hayes MP, Schamp JH, Miller MR, Henry MD, Doorn JA, Houtman JCD, James MA, Roman DL. Natural Products Discovered in a High-Throughput Screen Identified as Inhibitors of RGS17 and as Cytostatic and Cytotoxic Agents for Lung and Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017. [PMID: 28621943 PMCID: PMC5567870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Regulator of G Protein Signaling (RGS) 17 is an overexpressed promoter of cancer survival in lung and prostate tumors, the knockdown of which results in decreased tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Identification of drug-like molecules inhibiting this protein could ameliorate the RGS17's pro-tumorigenic effect. Using high-throughput screening, a chemical library containing natural products was interrogated for inhibition of the RGS17-Gαo interaction. Initial hits were verified in control and counter screens. Leads were characterized via biochemical, mass spectrometric, Western blot, microscopic, and cytotoxicity measures. Four known compounds (1-4) were identified with IC50 values ranging from high nanomolar to low micromolar. Three compounds were extensively characterized biologically, demonstrating cellular activity determined by confocal microscopy, and two compounds were assessed via ITC exhibiting high nanomolar to low micromolar dissociation constants. The compounds were found to have a cysteine-dependent mechanism of binding, verified through site-directed mutagenesis and cysteine reactivity assessment. Two compounds, sanguinarine (1) and celastrol (2), were found to be cytostatic against lung and prostate cancer cell lines and cytotoxic against prostate cancer cell lines in vitro, although the dependence of RGS17 on these phenomena remains elusive, a result that is perhaps not surprising given the multimodal cytostatic and cytotoxic activities of many natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Bodle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Duncan I. Mackie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, UIHC, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Michael P. Hayes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Josephine H Schamp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Michael R. Miller
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, UIHC, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Michael D. Henry
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Biophysics, and Pathology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Doorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jon C. D. Houtman
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Michael A. James
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
- Pancreatic Cancer Program at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - David L. Roman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Cancer Signaling and Experimental Therapeutics Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, UIHC, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Corresponding Author. Tel: 319-335-6920. Fax: 319-335-8766.
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13
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Basu P, Kumar GS. Sanguinarine and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 928:155-172. [PMID: 27671816 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of natural products derived from plants as medicines precedes even the recorded human history. In the past few years there were renewed interests in developing natural compounds and understanding their target specificity for drug development for many devastating human diseases. This has been possible due to remarkable advancements in the development of sensitive chemistry and biology tools. Sanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from rhizomes of the plant species Sanguinaria canadensis. The alkaloid can exist in the cationic iminium and neutral alkanolamine forms. Sanguinarine is an excellent DNA and RNA intercalator where only the iminium ion binds. Both forms of the alkaloid, however, shows binding to functional proteins like serum albumins, lysozyme and hemoglobin. The molecule is endowed with remarkable biological activities and large number of studies on its various activities has been published potentiating its development as a therapeutic agent particularly for chronic human diseases like cancer, asthma, etc. In this article, we review the properties of this natural alkaloid, and its diverse medicinal applications in relation to how it modulates cell death signaling pathways and induce apoptosis through different ways, its utility as a therapeutic agent for chronic diseases and its biological effects in animal and human models. These data may be useful to understand the therapeutic potential of this important and highly abundant alkaloid that may aid in the development of sanguinarine-based therapeutic agents with high efficacy and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Basu
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Gopinatha Suresh Kumar
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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14
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Achkar IW, Mraiche F, Mohammad RM, Uddin S. Anticancer potential of sanguinarine for various human malignancies. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:933-950. [PMID: 28636454 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sanguinarine (Sang) - a benzophenanthridine alkaloid extracted from Sanguinaria canadensis - exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, proapoptotic and growth inhibitory activities on tumor cells of various cancer types as established by in vivo and in vitro studies. Although the underlying mechanism of Sang antitumor activity is yet to be fully elucidated, Sang has displayed multiple biological effects, which remain to suggest its possible use in plant-derived treatments of human malignancies. This review covers the anticancer abilities of Sang including inhibition of aberrantly activated signal transduction pathways, induction of cell death and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. It also highlights Sang-mediated inhibition of angiogenesis, inducing the expression of tumor suppressors, sensitization of cancer cells to standard chemotherapeutics to enhance their cytotoxic effects, while addressing the present need for further pharmacokinetic-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman W Achkar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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15
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Ghosh D, Ulasov IV, Chen L, Harkins LE, Wallenborg K, Hothi P, Rostad S, Hood L, Cobbs CS. TGFβ-Responsive HMOX1 Expression Is Associated with Stemness and Invasion in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2276-89. [PMID: 27354342 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal adult brain tumor. Resistance to standard radiation and chemotherapy is thought to involve survival of GBM cancer stem cells (CSCs). To date, no single marker for identifying GBM CSCs has been able to capture the diversity of CSC populations, justifying the needs for additional CSC markers for better characterization. Employing targeted mass spectrometry, here we present five cell-surface markers HMOX1, SLC16A1, CADM1, SCAMP3, and CLCC1 which were found to be elevated in CSCs relative to healthy neural stem cells (NSCs). Transcriptomic analyses of REMBRANDT and TCGA compendiums also indicated elevated expression of these markers in GBM relative to controls and non-GBM diseases. Two markers SLC16A1 and HMOX1 were found to be expressed among pseudopalisading cells that reside in the hypoxic region of GBM, substantiating the histopathological hallmarks of GBM. In a prospective study (N = 8) we confirmed the surface expression of HMOX1 on freshly isolated primary GBM cells (P0). Employing functional assays that are known to evaluate stemness, we demonstrate that elevated HMOX1 expression is associated with stemness in GBM and can be modulated through TGFβ. siRNA-mediated silencing of HMOX1 impaired GBM invasion-a phenomenon related to poor prognosis. In addition, surgical resection of GBM tumors caused declines (18% ± 5.1SEM) in the level of plasma HMOX1 as measured by ELISA, in 8/10 GBM patients. These findings indicate that HMOX1 is a robust predictor of GBM CSC stemness and pathogenesis. Further understanding of the role of HMOX1 in GBM may uncover novel therapeutic approaches. Stem Cells 2016;34:2276-2289.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiman Ghosh
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle. .,Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle.
| | - Ilya V Ulasov
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle
| | - LiPing Chen
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle
| | - Lualhati E Harkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Birmingham Veterans Hospital, Birmingham
| | | | - Parvinder Hothi
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle
| | - Steven Rostad
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle.,CellNetix Pathology and Laboratories, Seattle
| | | | - Charles S Cobbs
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle. .,Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle.
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16
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Duan DM, Dong X, Tu Y, Liu P. A microarray study of chronic unpredictable mild stress rat blood serum with electro-acupuncture intervention. Neurosci Lett 2016; 627:160-7. [PMID: 27264487 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the changes of microRNA (miRNA) expression upon depression and electro-acupuncture (EA) intervention in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats using microarray analysis. Results showed that EA intervention remarkably improved behavioral indexes in terms of crossing number, rearing number, sucrose preference and body weight of CUMS rats. Microarray analysis revealed that a total of 153 differentially expressed miRNAs were regulated by CUMS, and the expression of 180 differentially expressed miRNAs was changed after EA intervention. Among these miRNAs, two miRNAs were significantly up-regulated and four miRNAs were significantly down-regulated by CUMS. Moreover, four miRNAs were significantly up-regulated and 12 miRNAs were significantly down-regulated after EA intervention. The expressions of miR-383-5p and miR-764-5p were up-regulated after CUMS, while their expressions were down-regulated by EA intervention. Further analysis showed that 1260 possible target genes were predicted for miR-383-5p and miR-764-5p, and 97 pathways and 137 gene ontology (GO) were involved. Among these pathways and GO, about 20 pathways and 21 GO were related to depression. Changes of miR-383-5p and miR-764-5p indicated that EA might exert its therapeutic effect on depression through promoting the neurotrophy and inhibiting the abnormal apoptosis of neurons as well as other correlative signal pathways. In conclusion, our present study enriched the understanding of pathological process of depression and revealed possible mechanisms of EA on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Mei Duan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Building, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Xianzhe Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ya Tu
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
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17
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Leung ELH, Fan XX, Wong MP, Jiang ZH, Liu ZQ, Yao XJ, Lu LL, Zhou YL, Yau LF, Tin VPC, Liu L. Targeting Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Inducing Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Degradation via Methionine 790 Oxidation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:263-79. [PMID: 26528827 PMCID: PMC4753639 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been developed to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation, but TKI resistance is common. Almost half of the acquired resistance patients are due to additional T790M mutation on EGFR (EGFR(T790M)), thus overcoming TKI resistance is important. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TKI resistance as well as the molecular and biological effects of EGFR(T790M) after redox manipulation. RESULTS The basal ROS levels in EGFR(T790M)-containing TKI-resistant NSCLC cell lines were substantially high. Sixty-three human lung tumors showed higher NADPH oxidase isoform 2 (NOX2) expression than normal lung tissues, which may contribute to high basal ROS in cancer and poor survival. Interestingly, only NOX3 was upregulated by sanguinarine, a pharmacological agent to elevate ROS, and resulted in EGFR overoxidation, degradation, and apoptosis. By contrast, such responses were lacking in EGFR(WT) cells. Selective EGFR(T790M) degradation was manipulated by redox imbalance between NOX3 and methionine reductase A (MsrA). Furthermore, the in vivo tumor suppression effect of sanguinarine, NOX3 upregulation, and EGFR degradation were confirmed. INNOVATION We have found a new treatment strategy to overcome TKI resistance by selectively inducing EGFR(T790M) degradation via specific stimulation of methionine 790 (M790) oxidation. It can be achieved via manipulating redox imbalance between NOX3 and MsrA. CONCLUSION Targeting EGFR by elevating ROS and redox imbalance is a potential new strategy to develop a new EGFR inhibitor for TKI-resistant patients with a wide therapeutic window between EGFR(T790M) and EGFR(WT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
| | - Maria Pik Wong
- 2 Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- 3 International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
| | - Lin-Lin Lu
- 3 International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ling Zhou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
| | - Li-Fong Yau
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
| | - Vicky Pui-Chi Tin
- 2 Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Liang Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau (SAR), China
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18
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Gaziano R, Moroni G, Buè C, Miele MT, Sinibaldi-Vallebona P, Pica F. Antitumor effects of the benzophenanthridine alkaloid sanguinarine: Evidence and perspectives. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8:30-39. [PMID: 26798435 PMCID: PMC4714144 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Historically, natural products have represented a significant source of anticancer agents, with plant-derived drugs becoming increasingly explored. In particular, sanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid obtained from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis, and from other poppy Fumaria species, with recognized anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, increasing evidence that sanguinarine exibits anticancer potential through its capability of inducing apoptosis and/or antiproliferative effects on tumor cells, has been proved. Moreover, its antitumor seems to be due not only to its pro-apoptotic and inhibitory effects on tumor growth, but also to its antiangiogenic and anti-invasive properties. Although the precise mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of this compound remain not fully understood, in this review we will focus on the most recent findings about the cellular and molecular pathways affected by sanguinarine, together with the rationale of its potential application in clinic. The complex of data currently available suggest the potential application of sanguinarine as an adjuvant in the therapy of cancer, but further pre-clinical studies are needed before such an antitumor strategy can be effectively translated in the clinical practice.
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19
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Liu Y, Jiao R, Ma ZG, Liu W, Wu QQ, Yang Z, Li FF, Yuan Y, Bian ZY, Tang QZ. Sanguinarine inhibits angiotensin II-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiac cells via restoring reactive oxygen species-mediated decreases in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3400-3408. [PMID: 26017473 PMCID: PMC4526052 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell apoptosis induced by Angiotensin II (Ang II) has a critical role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sanguinarine (SAN), a drug which was proved to have anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative and immune enhancing effects, can abolish cell apoptosis induced by Ang II. In the present study, H9c2 cardiac cells were stimulated with 10 µM Ang II with or without SAN. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was assessed using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and changes of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed using JC-1 staining. Furthermore, mRNA expression of NOX2 was determined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) as well as cleaved (c)-caspase 3 and -9 were detected by western blot analysis, and the activity of caspase 3 and -9 was detected using an ELISA. The results of the present study showed that NOX2 expression and ROS generation induced by Ang II were inhibited by SAN, and the Ang 2-induced MMP loss was also ameliorated. Furthermore, Ang II-induced H9c2 cardiac cell apoptosis as well as c-caspase 3 and -9 levels were significantly reduced by SAN. Investigation of the possible pathway involved in the anti-apoptotic effect of SAN showed that the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased, while that of Bax was increased following stimulation with Ang II, which was reversed following treatment with SAN. In addition, Ang II enhanced the activity of caspase 9 and cleaved downstream caspases such as caspase-3, initiating the caspase cascade, while pre-treatment of H9c2 cardiac cells with SAN blocked these effects. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that SAN inhibits the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiac cells induced by Ang II, most likely via restoring ROS-mediated decreases of the MMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Rong Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Guo Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhou-Yan Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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20
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Lamb AL. Breaking a pathogen's iron will: Inhibiting siderophore production as an antimicrobial strategy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1854:1054-70. [PMID: 25970810 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistance is a growing public health crisis. Novel antimicrobials are sought, preferably developing nontraditional chemical scaffolds that do not inhibit standard targets such as cell wall synthesis or the ribosome. Iron scavenging has been proposed as a viable target, because bacterial and fungal pathogens must overcome the nutritional immunity of the host to be virulent. This review highlights the recent work toward exploiting the biosynthetic enzymes of siderophore production for the design of next generation antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey L Lamb
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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