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Leeman-Neill RJ, Bhagat G, Basu U. AID in non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas: The consequences of on- and off-target activity. Adv Immunol 2024; 161:127-164. [PMID: 38763700 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is a key element of the adaptive immune system, required for immunoglobulin isotype switching and affinity maturation of B-cells as they undergo the germinal center (GC) reaction in peripheral lymphoid tissue. The inherent DNA damaging activity of this enzyme can also have off-target effects in B-cells, producing lymphomagenic chromosomal translocations that are characteristic features of various classes of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma (B-NHL), and generating oncogenic mutations, so-called aberrant somatic hypermutation (aSHM). Additionally, AID has been found to affect gene expression through demethylation as well as altered interactions between gene regulatory elements. These changes have been most thoroughly studied in B-NHL arising from GC B-cells. Here, we describe the most common classes of GC-derived B-NHL and explore the consequences of on- and off-target AID activity in B and plasma cell neoplasms. The relationships between AID expression, including effects of infection and other exposures/agents, mutagenic activity and lymphoma biology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Leeman-Neill
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Uttiya Basu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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2
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Zhao X, Yu Y, Sun W, Li Y, Zhang S. A Case of Subglottic Marginal B-Cell Lymphoma With Laryngeal Amyloidosis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2023:1455613231212049. [PMID: 38124322 DOI: 10.1177/01455613231212049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is an extra-nodal margin zone B-cell lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) and a low-grade malignant lymphoma with a low incidence, the etiology of the condition remains obscure, and the process of differential diagnosis poses a significant challenge, so it is easy to miss diagnosis and misdiagnosis clinically. The present article presents a clinical case study of a patient who was diagnosed with subglottic MALT lymphoma, which was associated with laryngeal amyloidosis. The patient underwent a successful treatment regimen comprising carbon dioxide laser and radiotherapy. In addition, the article provides an overview of relevant literature that can aid in the diagnosis and management of this rare disease. The study is expected to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on the treatment of subglottic MALT lymphoma and laryngeal amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yanli Yu
- Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wenchao Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yanwen Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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3
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Zhou ZW, Long HZ, Cheng Y, Luo HY, Wen DD, Gao LC. From Microbiome to Inflammation: The Key Drivers of Cervical Cancer. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:767931. [PMID: 34867901 PMCID: PMC8634716 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.767931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Microbes and hosts form a mutually beneficial symbiosis relationship, and various parts of the host body are microbial habitats. Microbes can trigger inflammation in certain parts of the host body, contributing to cervical cancer development. This article reviews the relationship between cervicovaginal microbes, inflammation and cervical cancer, and discusses the effect of some key cervical microbes on cervical cancer. Finally, probiotic therapy and immunotherapy are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui-Zhi Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li-Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
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4
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Musser ML, Viall AK, Phillips RL, Fasina O, Johannes CM. Prostaglandin EP4 receptor mRNA expression in canine lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 20:127-133. [PMID: 34250711 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Canine lymphoma (LSA) is a diverse, aggressive malignancy initiated by a variety of factors. Understanding those factors could help identify potential treatment options. Chronic inflammation drives lymphoma in human medicine and is suspected to play a role in veterinary medicine. The exact mechanisms, however, have not been elucidated. Upregulation of the cyclooxygenase enzymes, and subsequently prostaglandins, potentially play a stimulatory role. Prostaglandins work through one of four EP receptors (EP1-EP4) and the effects mediated through EP4R specifically are thought to be the primary drivers of cancer development. In human T-cell LSA, overexpression of EP4R has been found and appears to protect LSA cells from apoptosis. The role of EP4R in human B-cell LSA is more nuanced. This study aims to evaluate the mRNA expression of the EP4R gene (ptger4) in canine B-cell and T-cell LSA. Archived canine lymph nodes with histologically confirmed B-cell and T-cell LSA, and reactive lymph nodes, were evaluated for EP4R mRNA expression using a novel RNA in situ hybridization technique (RNAscope). Quantification of RNAscope signals was completed with an advanced digital pathology image analysis system (HALO). Results were reported as copy number, H-score, and percent tumour cell expression of EP4R mRNA. All reactive, B-cell LSA, and T-cell LSA lymph nodes expressed EP4R mRNA. The mRNA copy number, H-score, and percent tumour cell expression of EP4R were higher in B-cell (p < .003) and T-cell (p < .001) LSA samples compared to reactive lymph node samples. There were no differences between B-cell LSA and T-cell LSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Musser
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Austin K Viall
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Rachel L Phillips
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Olufemi Fasina
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Chad M Johannes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, USA
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Role in staging and prognostic value of pretherapeutic F-18 FDG PET/CT in patients with gastric MALT lymphoma without high-grade transformation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9243. [PMID: 33927319 PMCID: PMC8084924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88815-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the role in staging and prognostic value of pretherapeutic fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma without high-grade transformation (HT). We retrospectively reviewed 115 consecutive patients with histopathologically confirmed gastric MALT lymphoma without HT who underwent pretherapeutic F-18 FDG PET/CT. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors for disease free survival (DFS) among 13 clinical parameters and three PET parameters. In two of 115 patients (1.7%), the clinical stage appeared higher according to F-18 FDG PET/CT. In univariate analysis, Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection (P = 0.023), treatment modality (P < 0.001), and stage including PET/CT (P = 0.015) were significant prognostic factors for DFS. In multivariate analysis, only treatment modality was an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.003). In conclusion, F-18 FDG PET/CT played an important role in enabling upstaging of patients with gastric MALT lymphoma without HT. F-18 FDG PET/CT may have a prognostic role in gastric MALT lymphoma without HT by contributing to better staging.
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Liu W, Tian J, Hui W, Kong W, Feng Y, Si J, Gao F. A retrospective study assessing the acceleration effect of type I Helicobacter pylori infection on the progress of atrophic gastritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4143. [PMID: 33603125 PMCID: PMC7892840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the antibody typing classification, Helicobacter pylori infection can be divided into type I H. pylori infection and type II H. pylori infection. To observe the effects of different H. pylori infection types on the distribution of histopathological characteristics and the levels of three items of serum gastric function (PG I, PG II, G-17). 1175 cases from October 2018 to February 2020 were collected with ratio 1:2. All patients were performed with 14C-Urea breath test (14C-UBT), H. pylori antibody typing classification, three items of serum gastric function detection, painless gastroscopy, pathological examination, etc. According to H. pylori antibody typing classification, patients were divided into three groups: type I H. pylori infection group, type II H. pylori infection group and control group. Significant difference existed among type I H. pylori infection group, type II H. pylori infection group and control group in inflammation and activity (χ2 = 165.43, 354.88, P all < 0.01). The proportion of three groups in OLGA staging had statistic difference (χ2 = 67.99, P all < 0.01); Compared with type II H. pylori infection group and control group, the level of pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, gastrin17 in type I H. pylori infection group increased, and PG I/PG II ratio (PG I/PG II ratio, PGR) decreased, which was statistically significant (χ2 = 35.08, 166.24, 134.21, 141.19; P all < 0.01). Type I H. pylori infection worsened the severity of gastric mucosal inflammation and activity. H. pylori infection was prone to induce atrophy of gastric mucosa, while type I H. pylori infection played a key role in promoting the progress of atrophic gastritis and affected the level of serum gastric function. The study indicated that the eradication of H. pylori should be treated individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, 83000, China
| | - Junjie Tian
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Wenjia Hui
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, 83000, China
| | - Wenjie Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, 83000, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, 83000, China
| | - Junqiang Si
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, 83000, China.
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Huh SJ, Oh SY, Lee S, Lee JH, Kim SH, Pak MK, Kim HJ. Mutational analysis of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma using next generation sequencing. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:205. [PMID: 32963611 PMCID: PMC7491050 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma is a type of low-grade B-cell lymphoma that can be classified as a mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Recently, second-generation or next-generation sequencing (NGS), which allows simultaneous sequencing of hundreds to billions of DNA strands, has been a focus of attention and is rapidly being adopted in various fields. In the present study, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of gastric MALT lymphoma (n=1) and small intestine MALT lymphoma (n=4) were selected, and DNA was extracted from the tissue samples. After performing quality control, NGS was performed using HemaSCAN™, a custom panel of 426 genes, including essential blood cancer genes. NGS revealed single nucleotide variations (SNVs), short insertions and deletions (InDels) and copy number variations (CNVs). These genomic variants were reported as annotated, known or novel variants. An annotated variant, an erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 gene amplification, was observed in one patient. Known and novel variants, including SNVs of SET binding protein 6 (SETBP6), Runt-related transcription factor 1 and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 genes, InDel of the marker of proliferation Ki-67 gene, and CNVs of the zinc finger protein 703 and NOTCH1 genes, were observed in ≥2 patients. Additionally, InDels with frameshift mutations were identified in the B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10, DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked, forkhead box O3 and mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming genes in one patient. Since few NGS studies have been performed on MALT lymphoma, the current results were unable to determine if the different mutations that were identified are ‘actionable’ (that is, potentially responsive to a targeted therapy) Further studies are required to determine the associations between genetic mutations and the development of MALT lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Jae Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Suee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Pak
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
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8
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Zhang XY, Wang ZM. Relevance on the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:2717-2726. [PMID: 32742982 PMCID: PMC7360714 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i13.2717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant lymphoma originates from the lymphohematopoietic system. It can occur in any lymphoid tissue. Malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland is rare, but its incidence has increased in recent years. Its clinical- presentations are non-specific, and it is often manifested as a painless mass in a salivary gland, which can be accompanied by multiple swollen cervical lymph nodes. Confirmation of the diagnosis before an invasive procedure is difficult. Clinically, malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland tends to be misdiagnosed, leading to an inappropriate treatment plan and the ultimate delay in the optimal treatment of the disease. This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical features, imaging findings, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
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Larfors G, Richter J, Själander A, Stenke L, Höglund M. Increased Risk of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Following Gastric Conditions Indicating Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Case-Control Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 29:151-156. [PMID: 31619405 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On the basis of a previous report of increased chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) risk following peptic ulcer, we hypothesized that chronic Helicobacter pylori infection could serve as a risk factor for CML. METHODS In a population-based, retrospective case-control study, we used Swedish registry data on 980 patients with CML and 4,960 age- and sex-matched controls to investigate associations between markers of previous infection with Helicobacter pylori and CML incidence. RESULTS Previous diagnoses of dyspepsia, gastritis or peptic ulcers, as well as previous proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication, were all associated with a significantly increased risk of CML (RRs, 1.5-2.0; P = 0.0005-0.05). Meanwhile, neither inflammatory bowel disease nor intake of NSAIDs were associated with CML, indicating that it is not gastrointestinal ulcer or inflammation per se that influences risk. CONCLUSIONS The consistent associations suggest a shared background between gastric conditions and CML, and strengthen the case that Helicobacter pylori could constitute this common risk factor. IMPACT As the etiology of CML is practically unknown, and Helicobacter pylori could potentially be a therapeutic target, even this indirect evidence encourages further studies on the potential involvement of Helicobacter pylori in CML etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Larfors
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Hematology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Johan Richter
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Själander
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Leif Stenke
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Höglund
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Hematology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Zaky AH, Elsers D, Bakry R, Abdelwanis M, Nabih O, Hafez R, Rezk M. Prognostic Value of Accumulative Expression of COX-2 and p53 in Small and Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1183-1190. [PMID: 31187468 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00674-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays an important role in carcinogenesis, which catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. P53 is a tumor suppressor gene that contributes to apoptosis and cell cycle control. There is functional interaction between p53 and COX-2, which lead to abrogation of apoptosis and progression of malignancy. To assess the relationship between COX-2, p53 expression and the clinicopathololgic features in SLL and DLBCL. We immunohistochemically examined the expression of COX-2 and p53 in non-neoplastic lymphoid cells, lymph nodal low-grade (50 cases of SLL), intermediate and high-grade lymphomas (100 cases of DLBCL) and their corresponding bone marrow specimens. The expression of COX-2 and p53 was absent in the in non-neoplastic lymphoid cells. In contrast, their expression values increased progressively with the advancing grade of lymphoma (p < 0.001). COX-2 expression was significantly associated with advanced disease stage, high-grade lymphomas, and disease relapse and p53 expression. The p53was detected in 64.5% in patients positive for COX-2. The expressions of COX-2 and p53 proteins, were significantly associated with shorter overall-survival and progression free survival. Here we report up-regulation of COX-2and p53 protein expression in SLL and DLBCL indicating their interactive involvement in the pathogenesis of lymphoma. Our data provide a rationale for further investigation of COX-2 expression in lymphomas for potential prognostic, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amen H Zaky
- Medical Oncology & Hematology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Asyut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Dalia Elsers
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Asyut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rania Bakry
- Clinical Pathology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Asyut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Abdelwanis
- Radiotherapy Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Asyut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ola Nabih
- Clinical Oncology Department, Asyut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rania Hafez
- Internal Medicine, Hematology Unit, Asyut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Rezk
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Asyut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Evren S, Khoury T, Neppalli V, Cappuccino H, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri FJ, Kumar P. Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL): A Case Report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2017; 18:605-610. [PMID: 28559535 PMCID: PMC5460956 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.903161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) are a rare type of primary breast lymphoma. The association between breast implants and ALCL was first described in 1997 and since then 34-173 cases have been presented. The annual incidence of breast implant-associated ALCL (BI-ALCL) is 0.1-0.3 per 100 000 women who undergo breast reconstruction, and cases are often underreported due to the rarity of these tumors. BI-ALCL arises from the inflammatory T cells surrounding the fibrous capsule, and most tumors are in situ. CASE REPORT Here, we present the case of a 51-year-old woman with ALCL following bilateral silicone breast implants. The patient presented with breast enlargement and tenderness 9 years following reconstructive surgery. Imagining studies showed fluid collection surrounding the affected breast implant. Staging studies and histocytopathology examination confirmed the presence BI-ALCL without capsular invasion or metastasis. Complete surgical excision was performed. The patient continues to be in complete remission. CONCLUSIONS Due to the rarity of these tumors, establishing the diagnosis of BI-ALCL can be challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Clinicians should be aware of the relationship between breast implants and BI-ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevan Evren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Vishalla Neppalli
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Helen Cappuccino
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Prasanna Kumar
- Department of Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
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12
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Validation of a Novel Immunoline Assay for Patient Stratification according to Virulence of the Infecting Helicobacter pylori Strain and Eradication Status. J Immunol Res 2017. [PMID: 28638837 PMCID: PMC5468576 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8394593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection shows a worldwide prevalence of around 50%. However, only a minority of infected individuals develop clinical symptoms or diseases. The presence of H. pylori virulence factors, such as CagA and VacA, has been associated with disease development, but assessment of virulence factor presence requires gastric biopsies. Here, we evaluate the H. pylori recomLine test for risk stratification of infected patients by comparing the test score and immune recognition of type I or type II strains defined by the virulence factors CagA, VacA, GroEL, UreA, HcpC, and gGT with patient's disease status according to histology. Moreover, the immune responses of eradicated individuals from two different populations were analysed. Their immune response frequencies and intensities against all antigens except CagA declined below the detection limit. CagA was particularly long lasting in both independent populations. An isolated CagA band often represents past eradication with a likelihood of 88.7%. In addition, a high recomLine score was significantly associated with high-grade gastritis, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. Thus, the recomLine is a sensitive and specific noninvasive test for detecting serum responses against H. pylori in actively infected and eradicated individuals. Moreover, it allows stratifying patients according to their disease state.
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13
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Qu XL, Hei Y, Kang L, Yang XJ, Wang Y, Lu XZ, Xiao LH, Yang G. Establishment of a combination scoring method for diagnosis of ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0160175. [PMID: 28510589 PMCID: PMC5433690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoproliferative diseases (LPDs) of the ocular adnexa encompass the majority of orbital diseases and include reactive follicular hyperplasia (RFH), atypical lymphoid hyperplasia (ALH), and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma). Lymphoid follicles (LFs) are usually observed during the histological examination of LPDs. Currently, because there is a lack of specific clinical signs and diagnostic immunohistochemical biomarkers, it is difficult for pathologists to distinguish MALToma from ocular RFH and ALH, which makes the clinical management of these conditions difficult. Here, we analyzed the clinical features of patients with ocular adnexal LPDs (n = 125) and investigated the structure of LFs in paraffin-embedded tissue samples using anti-CD23 and anti-IgD immunochemistry. We found that some clinical features including age, sex, and laterality were different among RFH, LFH, and MALToma. Additionally, immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of IgD and CD23 was higher in RFH patients and decreased in patients with ALH and MALToma. Moreover, LFs in RFH were intact, whereas the structures of most LFs were disrupted in ALH. In MALToma specimens, few intact LFs were observed. In a further investigation, we combined the results for CD23/IgD immunohistochemistry and the structure of LFs to establish a scoring method for the differential diagnosis of LPDs. According to the BIOMED-2 protocol, we further detected IgH gene monoclonal rearrangement in 73 cases (35 RFH, 17 ALH, and 21 MALToma cases). The sensitivity of our scoring method, based on a comparison with the results of IgH gene monoclonal rearrangement detection, was 85.7% (18/21) for MALToma and 35.3% (6/17) for ALH. Our study provides a method that may be useful for the differential diagnosis of RFH, ALH, and MALToma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Qu
- Ophthalmology Department, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Hei
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Li Kang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ji Yang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Lu
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hua Xiao
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (GY)
| | - Guang Yang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (GY)
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14
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Grange B, Callet-Bauchu E, Salles G, Sujobert P. Advances in the role of cytogenetic analysis in the molecular diagnosis of B-cell lymphomas. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 17:623-632. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1327811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Champer M, Wong AM, Champer J, Brito IL, Messer PW, Hou JY, Wright JD. The role of the vaginal microbiome in gynaecological cancer. BJOG 2017; 125:309-315. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Champer
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York NY USA
| | - AM Wong
- Department of Computer Science and Center for Computational Molecular Biology; Brown University; Providence RI USA
| | - J Champer
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
| | - IL Brito
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
| | - PW Messer
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
| | - JY Hou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York NY USA
| | - JD Wright
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York NY USA
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16
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Pope JL, Tomkovich S, Yang Y, Jobin C. Microbiota as a mediator of cancer progression and therapy. Transl Res 2017; 179:139-154. [PMID: 27554797 PMCID: PMC5674984 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Complex and intricate circuitries regulate cellular proliferation, survival, and growth, and alterations of this network through genetic and epigenetic events result in aberrant cellular behaviors, often leading to carcinogenesis. Although specific germline mutations have been recognized as cancer inducers, the vast majority of neoplastic changes in humans occur through environmental exposure, lifestyle, and diet. An emerging concept in cancer biology implicates the microbiota as a powerful environmental factor modulating the carcinogenic process. For example, the intestinal microbiota influences cancer development or therapeutic responses through specific activities (immune responses, metabolites, microbial structures, and toxins). The numerous effects of microbiota on carcinogenesis, ranging from promoting, preventing, or even influencing therapeutic outcomes, highlight the complex relationship between the biota and the host. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on this complex microbial interaction with the host and highlight potential mechanisms by which the microbiota mediates such a wide impact on carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian L Pope
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Sarah Tomkovich
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.
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17
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Bogusz AM, Bagg A. Genetic aberrations in small B-cell lymphomas and leukemias: molecular pathology, clinical relevance and therapeutic targets. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 57:1991-2013. [PMID: 27121112 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2016.1173212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Small B-cell lymphomas and leukemias (SBCLs) are a clinically, morphologically, immunophenotypically and genetically heterogeneous group of clonal lymphoid neoplasms, including entities such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and hairy cell leukemia (HCL). The pathogenesis of some of these lymphoid malignancies is characterized by distinct translocations, for example t(11;14) in the majority of cases of MCL and t(14;18) in most cases of FL, whereas other entities are associated with a variety of recurrent but nonspecific numeric chromosomal abnormalities, as exemplified by del(13q14), del(11q22), and +12 in CLL, and yet others such as LPL and HCL that lack recurrent or specific cytogenetic aberrations. The recent surge in next generation sequencing (NGS) technology has shed more light on the genetic landscape of SBCLs through characterization of numerous driver mutations including SF3B1 and NOTCH1 in CLL, ATM and CCND1 in MCL, KMT2D and EPHA7 in FL, MYD88 (L265P) in LPL, KLF2 and NOTCH2 in splenic MZL (SMZL) and BRAF (V600E) in HCL. The identification of distinct genetic lesions not only provides greater insight into the molecular pathogenesis of these disorders but also identifies potential valuable biomarkers for prognostic stratification, as well as specific targets for directed therapy. This review discusses the well-established and recently identified molecular lesions underlying the pathogenesis of SBCLs, highlights their clinical relevance and summarizes novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M Bogusz
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Adam Bagg
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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18
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Oh S, Kim N, Oh DH, Bang SM, Choi YJ, Lee JY, Lee KW, Yoon HI, Yang HC, Paik JH, Lee DH, Jung HC. Concurrent gastric and pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas with pre-existing intrinsic chronic inflammation: a case report and a review of the literature. Gut Liver 2016; 9:424-9. [PMID: 25918263 PMCID: PMC4413978 DOI: 10.5009/gnl14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a rare case of concurrent gastric and pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas. A 65-year-old man who had been diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori-positive gastric MALT lymphoma received eradication therapy and achieved complete remission. During follow-up, he developed de novo pulmonary MALT lymphoma as a sequela of pulmonary tuberculosis, accompanied by recurrent gastric MALT lymphoma. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of the CDR3 region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene showed an overall polyclonal pattern with bands at 400 base pairs (bp) and 200 bp predominant in the pulmonary tissue, as well as two distinctive bands in the gastric tissue at 400 bp and 200 bp. This case suggests that multiorgan lymphomas are more likely to be independent from each other when they are far apart, involve different organ systems, and have independent precipitating factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
- Correspondence to: Nayoung Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 463-707, Korea, Tel: +82-31-787-7008, Fax: +82-31-787-4051, E-mail:
| | - Dong Hyun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Soo-Mee Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Yoon Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Ju Yub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Kyung Won Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Ho Il Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Hee Chul Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Jin Ho Paik
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Hyun Chae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
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19
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Primary MALT Lymphoma of the Larynx. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Abstract
The connection between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and eye diseases has been increasingly reported in the literature and in active research. The implication of this bacterium in chronic eye diseases, such as blepharitis, glaucoma, central serous chorioretinopathy and others, has been hypothesized. Although the mechanisms by which this association occurs are currently unknown, this review describes shared pathogenetic mechanisms in an attempt to identify a lowest common denominator between eye diseases and Hp infection. The aim of this review is to assess whether different studies could be compared and to establish whether or not Hp infection and Eye diseases share common pathogenetic aspects. In particular, it has been focused on oxidative damage as a possible link between these pathologies. Text word search in Medline from 1998 to July 2014. 152 studies were included in our review. Were taken into considerations only studies that related eye diseases more frequent and/or known. Likely oxidative stress plays a key role. All of the diseases studied seem to follow a common pattern that implicates a cellular response correlated with a sublethal dose of oxidative stress. These alterations seem to be shared by both Hp infections and ocular diseases and include the following: decline in mitochondrial function, increases in the rate of reactive oxygen species production, accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations, increases in the levels of oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids, and decreases in the capacity to degrade oxidatively damaged proteins and other macromolecules. This cascade of events appears to repeat itself in different diseases, regardless of the identity of the affected tissue. The trabecular meshwork, conjunctiva, and retina can each show how oxidative stress may acts as a common disease effector as the Helicobacter infection spreads, supported by the increased oxidative damage and other inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Claudio Saccà
- From the IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino - IST Department of Head/Neck Pathologies, St Martino Hospital, Ophthalmology Unit, 16132 Genoa, Italy (SCS); Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology and Genetics, University of Genoa, Eye Clinic, 16132 Genoa, Italy (AV); Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy (AP, AI); Mutagenesis Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino - IST, National Institute for Cancer Research, 16132 Genoa, Italy (AI)
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21
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Rasch S, Algül H. A clinical perspective on the role of chronic inflammation in gastrointestinal cancer. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2014; 7:261-72. [PMID: 25143751 PMCID: PMC4134025 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s43457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been identified as an important risk factor for the development of malignancy, and knowledge about its molecular and cellular mechanisms is increasing. Several chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are important as risk factors for malignancy and have been studied in detail. In this review, we summarize important molecular mechanisms in chronic inflammation and highlight established and potential links between chronic inflammation and gastrointestinal cancer. In addition, we present the role of chronic inflammation in numerous tumors within the gastrointestinal tract as well as the relevant pathways or epidemiologic observations linking the pathogenesis of these tumors to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Rasch
- II Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hana Algül
- II Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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22
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Macías-Rodríguez DH, Blanco-Pérez P, Santa Cruz-Ruiz S, Batuecas-Caletrio Á. Primary MALT lymphoma of the larynx. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2014; 66:e17-9. [PMID: 24930857 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Blanco-Pérez
- Departamento de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España
| | | | - Ángel Batuecas-Caletrio
- Departamento de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España
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23
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Wang HP, Zhu YL, Shao W. Role of Helicobacter pylori virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:8219-8226. [PMID: 24363512 PMCID: PMC3857444 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i45.8219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection might initiate and contribute to the progression of lymphoma from gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Increasing evidence shows that eradication of H. pylori with antibiotic therapy can lead to regression of gastric MALT lymphoma and can result in a 10-year sustained remission. The eradication of H. pylori is the standard care for patients with gastric MALT lymphoma. Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) protein, one of the most extensively studied H. pylori virulence factors, is strongly associated with the gastric MALT lymphoma. CagA possesses polymorphisms according to its C-terminal structure and displays different functions among areas and races. After being translocated into B lymphocytes via type IV secretion system, CagA deregulates intracellular signaling pathways in both tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent and -independent manners and/or some other pathways, and thereby promotes lymphomagenesis. A variety of proteins including p53 and protein tyrosine phosphatases-2 are involved in the malignant transformation induced by CagA. Mucosal inflammation is the foundational mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of gastric MALT lymphoma.
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