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Naemi M, Naghshi S, Rostami S, Safaei E, Tutunchi H, Ostadrahimi A. Effects of boron citrate supplementation on cardiometabolic factors, inflammatory biomarkers and anthropometric measures in obese patients: study protocol for a randomised, double-blind clinical trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075941. [PMID: 38072490 PMCID: PMC10729199 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a chronic disease with serious health consequences, but weight loss is difficult to maintain through lifestyle intervention alone. The efficacy and safety of boron citrate (BC), a novel therapeutic approach, in patients with obesity are not known. The current trial will take place to determine the effects of BC supplementation on cardiometabolic factors, inflammatory biomarkers, anthropometric measures and body composition in obese patients. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial will involve 60 eligible obese participants aged 18-60 years. Participants will randomly be allocated to receive either BC capsules (containing 10 mg of boron) in the intervention group or placebo capsules (containing 10 mg of maltodextrin) in the placebo group for 12 weeks. Moreover, physical activity and dietary recommendations will be provided for both groups. To assess the dietary intakes of participants, a 3-day food record (2 days of the week and 1 day of the weekend) will be filled. Cardiometabolic factors, inflammatory biomarkers including tumour necrosis factor α, C reactive protein, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels, anthropometric measures and body composition will be assessed at the baseline and end of the intervention. The findings of this study will provide evidence for the effectiveness of BC in the management of obesity. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION There are so far no reported adverse effects associated with the use of boron. This trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (approval number: IR.TBZMED.REC.1401.350). Positive as well as negative findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT20220806055624N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Naemi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Naghshi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somaye Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Safaei
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition& Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kucukkurt I, Ince S, Eryavuz A, Demirel HH, Arslan-Acaroz D, Zemheri-Navruz F, Durmus I. The effects of boron-supplemented diets on adipogenesis-related gene expressions, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative response in high-fat fed rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23257. [PMID: 36419211 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The fatty liver syndrome caused by nutritional factors is a common cause of hepatic dysfunction globally. This research was designed to study the shielding effect of boron in rats fed a diet having high fat. Overall, 40 Wistar albino male rats were placed into one control and four treatment groups, that is, each having eight rats. Group I was provided with a standard rat diet while group II was only provided a high-fat diet for 60 days. Groups III, IV, and V were provided with 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day boron, respectively, by gastric gavage besides a high-fat diet for 60 days. Malondialdehyde was increased significantly in rats' blood and tissue because of high-fat diets. Glutathione was decreased significantly in blood and tissues because of a high-fat diet. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were decreased in the blood and tissues of the high-fat-fed rats. The genes expression for C-reactive protein, interleukin-1β, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-α were increased while gene expression for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors was decreased in the liver of rats fed with a high-fat diet. Contrariwise, boron supplementation improves antioxidative response in terms of increased SOD and CAT activities, gene expression regulation, and improved anti-inflammatory activities. In a nutshell, boron has dose-dependent shielding antioxidative and tissue regenerative effects in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Kucukkurt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Sinan Ince
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Eryavuz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hasan H Demirel
- Bayat Vocational School, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | | - Fahriye Zemheri-Navruz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Durmus
- Suhut Vocational School, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Farrin N, Rezazadeh L, Pourmoradian S, Attari VE, Tutunchi H, Zarezadeh M, Najafipour F, Ostadrahimi A. Boron compound administration; A novel agent in weight management: A systematic review and meta- analysis of animal studies. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 72:126969. [PMID: 35298949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide growing trend of obesity across all ages has increased the number of researches on the obesity management and prevention. Boron is a potential essential trace element and there are some promising results on its weight lowering effect. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was aimed to assess the effect of boron on body weight. METHOD Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched from 1995 until November 2021 using the definitive keywords. Searching was limited to articles with English language. Human studies were excluded in our analyses regarding their limited number and the heterogeneity of study designs. All of the relevant animal studies on rodents with weight changes as a primary outcome were included. The assessments of risk of bias and heterogeneity were conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and I-square (I2) statistic respectively. RESULTS According to our findings the overall effect of boron administration orally was significant decrease of body weight (WMD = -18.12 g 95% CI -23.28, -12.96; P < 0.001). The boron compound administration was more effective in the borax form and also when the intervention duration was ≤ 4 weeks. Moreover, the effect size was greater in the male gender rather than female animals. CONCLUSION Most of the experimental studies supported the weight lowering effect of boron although, there are a few inconsistent evidences. It seems that the weight lowering effect of boron may be through increasing the energy metabolism, thermogenesis, lipolysis and inhibition of adiposeness. However, future clinical trials can better clarify the effects of boron on obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Farrin
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Rezazadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Pourmoradian
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzad Najafipour
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Yildirim C, Cevik S, Yamaner H, Orkmez M, Eronat O, Bozdayı MA, Erdem M. Boric acid improves the behavioral, electrophysiological and histological parameters of cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 70:126917. [PMID: 34963081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Boric acid (BA) has been used in many diseases because it increases the amount of reduced glutathione in the body and reduces oxidative damage. This study aims to investigate the effects of boric acid in cisplatin-induced neuropathy, in which oxidative stress is also effective in its pathophysiology. In this study, 8-10 weeks old, 170-190 g Wistar Albino rats were used. Each group contained seven rats (n = 35). Experimental groups consist of control, sham, neuropathy, treatment, and boric acid groups. For the neuropathy model, a single dose of cisplatin (3 mg/kg, i.p) was administered once a week for five weeks, and for the treatment group, boric acid was administered daily (100 mg/kg, intragastric) for five weeks. After drug administration, the rotarod test to evaluate motor performance, the tail-flick and hot/cold plate tests to evaluate sensory conduction states, the von Frey filament test to evaluate the mechanical allodynia, and the adhesive removal test to assess sensorimotor function were performed. The sciatic nerve's motoric conduction velocity was also assessed electrophysiologically. Oxidative stress parameters were also assessed biochemically in sciatic nerve tissue and serum. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate the sciatic nerve tissue histopathologically. The motor conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve, impaired by cisplatin, was increased considerably by boric acid (p < 0.05). It also reduced the latency time of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP), which was increased by cisplatin. (p < 0.05). The von Frey filament test results demonstrated increased pain sensitivity of the cisplatin group increased, and mechanical allodynia was observed. Boric acid significantly alleviated this condition (p < 0.05). In the cold plate, adhesive removal, and rotarod tests, boric acid attenuated the adverse effects of cisplatin (p < 0.05). Biochemically, BA reduced the level of MDA, which was raised by cisplatin, and significantly increased the level of SOD, which was lowered by cisplatin (p < 0.05). Histopathologically; BA reduced neuronal degeneration and vacuolization caused by cisplatin. As a consequence, it has been determined that boric acid alleviates the adverse effects of cisplatin. BA reduced the destructive effect of cisplatin by reducing oxidative stress, and this effect was verified electrophysiologically, behaviorally, and histopathologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caner Yildirim
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Sena Cevik
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Hatice Yamaner
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Orkmez
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Omer Eronat
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Akif Bozdayı
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Erdem
- Gaziantep University, Vocational School of Health Services, Gaziantep, Turkey.
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Smita RM, Shuvo APR, Raihan S, Jahan R, Simin FA, Rahman A, Biswas S, Salem L, Sagor MAT. The Role of Mineral Deficiencies in Insulin Resistance and Obesity. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e171121197987. [PMID: 34789132 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666211117104626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Minerals are critical for maintaining overall health. These tiny chemical compounds are responsible for enzymatic activation, maintaining healthy teeth and bones, regulating energy metabolism, enhancing immunity, and aiding muscle and brain function. However, mineral deficiency in the form of inadequate or under nourished intake affects millions of people throughout the world, with well-documented adverse health consequences of malnutrition. Conversely, mineral deficiency may also be a risk factor for Insulin Resistance (IR) and obesity. This review focuses on another, more "less discussed" form of malnutrition, namely mineral deficiency and its contribution to metabolic disorders. At the cellular level, minerals maintain not only molecular communication but also trigger several key biochemical pathways. Disturbances in these processes due to mineral insufficiency may gradually lead to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and central obesity, which might lead to renal failure, cardiac arrest, hepatic carcinoma, and various neurodegenerative diseases. Here we discuss the burden of disease promoted by mineral deficiencies and the medical, social, and economic consequences. Mineral deficiency-mediated IR and obesity have a considerable negative impact on individual well-being, physical consideration, and economic productivity. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms of mineral deficiency that may lead to IR and obesity and suggest strategies to counter these metabolic disorders. To protect mankind from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to take a variety of foods in reasonable quantities, such as organic and pasture-raised eggs, low fat dairy, and grass-fed and finished meats, insecticide, and pesticide-free vegetables and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabbir Raihan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Jahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Faria Anjum Simin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ashiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Soumick Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Liyad Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Taher Sagor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Plasma boron concentrations in the general population: a cross-sectional analysis of cardio-metabolic and dietary correlates. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:1363-1375. [PMID: 34825958 PMCID: PMC8921125 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Experimental evidence suggests positive effects of boron on health and metabolism, but human data are still scarce. We aimed to identify dietary and cardio-metabolic correlates of plasma boron concentrations in the general population. Methods In a community-based sample (n = 899, 57% men, mean age 61 years), plasma boron (median [IQR]: 33.80 µg/L [25.61; 44.65]) concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Overall (PDI), healthy (hPDI), and unhealthy (uPDI) plant-based diet indices were derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Reduced rank regression (RRR) yielded a dietary pattern explaining 30% of the variation of circulating boron. Cross-sectional associations of dietary indices and cardio-metabolic traits with plasma boron concentrations were assessed using multivariable-adjusted linear regression analysis. Results The RRR pattern was characterized by high intake of fruits, nuts/seeds, tea, wine and low intake of e.g. bread, poultry, processed meat, chocolate/sweets, and soft drinks. 10-point increments in PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were associated with 8.7% (95% CI: 4.2; 13.4), 10.4% (95% CI: 6.6; 14.3), and −8.8% (95% CI: −12.1; −5.4) change in plasma boron concentrations, respectively. Age and phosphate were directly, while BMI, plasma lipid concentrations, and CRP were inversely associated with circulating boron. Plasma boron concentrations were higher in summer vs. winter, in individuals taking vs. not taking antihypertensive medication, and in individuals with high or medium vs. low education level. Conclusion Higher plasma boron concentrations appeared to associate with a healthier diet, were related to lower BMI and a more favorable cardio-metabolic risk profile, and showed seasonal variations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-021-02730-w.
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Atakisi O, Dalginli KY, Gulmez C, Kaya R, Ozden O, Kart A, Atakisi E. Boric acid and Borax Supplementation Reduces Weight Gain in Overweight Rats and Alter L-Carnitine and IGF-I Levels. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 90:221-227. [DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of boric acid (BA) and borax (BX) on live weight and obesity associated molecules including leptin, L-carnitine, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I), and heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70) in rats fed with high-fat diet. A total of 60 rats were equally allocated as ND (normal diet), HF (high-fat diet), HF+BA, HF+BX, ND+BX, ND+BA. Body weight increases in HF+BA (85 g) and HF+BX (86 g) were significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to HF group (126 g). Boron treatment decreased serum L-carnitine level in high-fat diet (HF+BA 11.12 mg/L, HF+BX 10.51 mg/L, p<0.05) compared to HF group (15.57 mg/L), while no change was observed in groups ND+BA (7.55 mg/L) and ND+BX (7.57 mg/L) compared to group ND (8.29 mg/L). Neither BA nor BX supplementation in ND and HF groups altered the serum levels of HSP70 and leptin. BA and BX supplementation in rats fed HF resulted in a significant reduction in live weight. Boron compounds altered L-carnitine and IGF-1 levels in rats. These results indicate that boron compounds are beneficial in the treatment of obesity as well as in the prevention of high-fat diet-induced weight increase. Alterations in serum L-carnitine and IGF-1 levels in boron treated rats also indicate possible role of boron compounds in energy metabolism in response to high fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Atakisi
- Departments of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Letter, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Kezban Yildiz Dalginli
- Departments of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Letter, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Canan Gulmez
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Tuzluca Vocational High School, Igdır University, Igdır-Turkey
| | - Ruya Kaya
- Ibrahim Cecen Univ Agri, Cent Res & Applicat Lab, TR-04100 Agri, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Ozden
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Asim Kart
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Emine Atakisi
- Departments of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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Kuru R, Yilmaz S, Balan G, Tuzuner BA, Tasli PN, Akyuz S, Yener Ozturk F, Altuntas Y, Yarat A, Sahin F. Boron-rich diet may regulate blood lipid profile and prevent obesity: A non-drug and self-controlled clinical trial. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 54:191-198. [PMID: 31109611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron is an element commonly found in nature. The main boron source for organisms is through food and drinking water. In recent years, it is suggested that the "boron-rich diet" can affect human health positively. However, more detailed studies are needed. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effect of increased dietary boron intake on some biochemical parameters in humans. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirteen healthy women consumed diets containing 10 mg more boron than their routine diet for one month. This boron intake was provided with the increase of boron-rich foods such as dried fruits, avocado, and nuts in the diet. Some biochemical and hematologic parameters were determined in blood, urine and saliva samples taken before and after a boron-rich diet. RESULTS Serum, salivary, and urine boron concentrations increased 1.3, 1.7, 6.0 fold, respectively. The most significant clinically change was found in the lipid profile. Serum total, LDL, VLDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels decreased significantly. Body weight, body fat weight, and Body Mass Index also decreased. Significant changes in serum TSH and salivary buffering capacity were also found. CONCLUSION Increasing the intake of boron through dietary means might contribute to beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, obesity, and thyroid metabolism; salivary boron may reflect serum boron; and boron may be used as a cariostatic agent in dentistry. An increased intake of other dietary factors such as fiber, potassium, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin E in the boron-rich foods might have been responsible of the effects described. To our knowledge, this study is the first clinical study in which dietary boron intake is increased via foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Kuru
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences-Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sahin Yilmaz
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gulsah Balan
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Burcin Alev Tuzuner
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences-Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Pakize Neslihan Tasli
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Serap Akyuz
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Feyza Yener Ozturk
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yuksel Altuntas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Aysen Yarat
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences-Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Abdik EA, Abdik H, Taşlı PN, Deniz AAH, Şahin F. Suppressive Role of Boron on Adipogenic Differentiation and Fat Deposition in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 188:384-392. [PMID: 29980949 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the past years, adipose tissue has become an invaluable source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to development of improved isolation methodologies. In a recent work, our group established a primary culture of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), which were characterized for their stem cell characteristics in detail and studied their myogenic differentiation potential in presence of boron. In the current study, we focused on the effects of a boron-containing compound, sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (NaB), on the adipogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Incorporation of boron in various chemical derivates has been a novel interest in drug-discovery attempts due to increasing number of reports on their anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activities. In this report, a striking suppressive activity of boron on adipogenic differentiation of hADSCs is observed in a dose-dependent manner. Higher concentrations of NaB (20, 50, and 100 μg/mL (68, 170 and 340 μM)) resulted in a progressive decrease of lipid deposition, suppressed master regulators of adipogenesis transcriptional programming at the mRNA and protein levels, while having no evident cytotoxicity on the cells. The findings of this study are encouraging to undertake further investigations on potential beneficial effects boron in terms of its impact on normal and dysfunctional adipose biology. In that respect, these results pave the path to evaluate boron-based compounds in prevention and treatment of obesity which is a modern age pandemic that is predominant worldwide and found in strong association with comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cancers, and others."
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Avşar Abdik
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Abdik
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pakize Neslihan Taşlı
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Kuru R, Yilmaz S, Tasli PN, Yarat A, Sahin F. Boron Content of Some Foods Consumed in Istanbul, Turkey. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:1-8. [PMID: 29654489 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The boron content was determined in 42 different foods consumed in Istanbul, Turkey. Eleven species of fruit, ten species of vegetable, eight species of food of animal origin, four species of grain, two species of nuts, two species of legume, and five other kinds of foods were included to this study. They were analyzed by two methods: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique and carminic acid assay, and the results of two methods were also compared. Boron concentration in foods ranged between 0.06-37.2 mg/kg. Nuts had the highest boron content while foods of animal origin had the lowest. A strong correlation was found between the results of the carminic acid assay and the ICP-MS technique (p = 0.0001, Pearson correlation coefficient: r = 0.956). Bland Altman analysis also supported this correlation. ICP-MS is one of the most common, reliable, and powerful method for boron determination. The results of our study show that spectrophotometric carminic acid assay can provide similar results to ICP-MS, and the boron content in food materials can be also determined by spectrophotometric method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Kuru
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sahin Yilmaz
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pakize Neslihan Tasli
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysen Yarat
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Donoiu I, Militaru C, Obleagă O, Hunter JM, Neamţu J, Biţă A, Scorei IR, Rogoveanu OC. Effects of boron-containing compounds on cardiovascular disease risk factors - A review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:47-56. [PMID: 30262316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron is considered to be a biological trace element but there is substantial and growing support for it to be classified as an essential nutrient for animals and humans, depending on its speciation. Boron-containing compounds have been reported to play an important role in biological systems. Although the exact biochemical functions of boron-containing compounds have not yet been fully elucidated, previous studies suggest an active involvement of these molecules in the mediation of inflammation and oxidative stress. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are known to amplify the effects of the main cardiovascular risk factors: smoking, diet, obesity, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes (as modifiable risk factors), and hyperhomocysteinemia and age (as independent risk factors). However, the role of boron-containing compounds in cardiovascular systems and disease prevention has yet to be established. This paper is a review of boron-containing compounds' existence in nature and their possible functions in living organisms, with a special focus on certain cardiovascular risk factors that may be diminished by intake of these compounds, leading to a reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and/or mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionuţ Donoiu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Constantin Militaru
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Oana Obleagă
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, 1 Tabaci Street, 200642, Craiova, Romania
| | - John M Hunter
- VDF FutureCeuticals Inc., 2692 N. State Rt. 1-17, Momence, 60954, IL, USA
| | - Johny Neamţu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Andrei Biţă
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Ion Romulus Scorei
- Bioboron Research Institute, 13A Păltiniş Street, 200128, Craiova, Romania; Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Otilia Constantina Rogoveanu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania
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Schmidt M, Tran-Nguyen D, Chizek P. Influence of boric acid on energy metabolism and stress tolerance of Candida albicans. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 49:140-145. [PMID: 29895364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Boron presents at physiological pH in the form of boric acid (BA), a molecule that has both positive and negative effects on biological processes. In medicine, BA is used as a topical treatment for vaginal yeast infections by Candida species because of its well-documented but poorly understood effect on inhibition of growth in general and of invasive, hyphal growth in particular. The present study examines the influence of BA on carbohydrate energy metabolism of this common human pathogen. Starting from previous findings about an inhibition of key NAD-dependent enzymes by BA in vitro, we confirmed that such an inhibition occurs in permeabilized C. albicans cells. Cultures growing even with moderate concentrations of BA experience mitochondrial failure, increase ethanol production from glucose and decrease the deposition of carbohydrate stores in the form of glycogen. Cells growing on the non-fermentable, FAD-generating carbon source lactate have a higher BA tolerance, which suggests that the toxicity of BA is rooted in an inhibition of NAD-dependent reactions and the increased production of ethanol. Boric acid exposure sensitizes C. albicans selectively to the toxic effects of ethanol. This additive effect suggests that the endogenously produced ethanol increases the load on ethanol resistance mechanisms. Lastly, combination studies showed no interactions of BA with common antifungal drugs, meaning that addition of BA to topical formulations can provide an additive antifungal effect regardless of the chosen active ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schmidt
- Des Moines University, 3200 Grand Avenue, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA.
| | | | - Patrick Chizek
- Des Moines University, 3200 Grand Avenue, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA.
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13
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Doğan A, Demirci S, Apdik H, Bayrak OF, Gulluoglu S, Tuysuz EC, Gusev O, Rizvanov AA, Nikerel E, Şahin F. A new hope for obesity management: Boron inhibits adipogenesis in progenitor cells through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Metabolism 2017; 69:130-142. [PMID: 28285642 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide medical problem resulting in serious morbidity and mortality involving differentiation of pre-adipocytes into mature adipocytes (adipogenesis). Boron treatment has been reported to be associated with weight reduction in experimental animals; however, its effects on pre-adipocyte differentiation and anti-adipogenic molecular mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we demonstrate the inhibitory activities of boric acid (BA) and sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (NaB) on adipogenesis using common cellular models. Boron treatment repressed the expression of adipogenesis-related genes and proteins, including CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, by regulating critical growth factors and the β-catenin, AKT, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways. In addition, although boron treatment did not induce apoptosis in pre-adipocytes, it depressed mitotic clonal expansion by regulation of cell cycle genes. Overall, these data offer promising insights into the prevention/treatment of obesity and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Doğan
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cad. 26 Agustos Yerlesimi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey; National Cancer Instıtute, CDBL, NIH, Frederıck, MD
| | - Selami Demirci
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cad. 26 Agustos Yerlesimi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Hüseyin Apdik
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cad. 26 Agustos Yerlesimi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Bayrak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School Inonu Mah, Kayisdagi Cad. 26 Agustos Yerlesimi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukru Gulluoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School Inonu Mah, Kayisdagi Cad. 26 Agustos Yerlesimi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Can Tuysuz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School Inonu Mah, Kayisdagi Cad. 26 Agustos Yerlesimi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oleg Gusev
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; Riken Innovation Center, Riken, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Emrah Nikerel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cad. 26 Agustos Yerlesimi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cad. 26 Agustos Yerlesimi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Koc F, Aysan E, Hasbahceci M, Arpaci B, Gecer S, Demirci S, Sahin F. Relationship Not Found Between Blood and Urine Concentrations and Body Mass Index in Humans With Apparently Adequate Boron Status. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 171:246-250. [PMID: 26458903 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The impact of boron on the development of obesity remains controversial in the analysis of experimental and clinical data. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood and urine boron concentrations and obesity in normal, overweight, obese, and morbidly obese subjects in different age groups. A total of 105 subjects were categorized into 12 groups based on body mass index and three different age levels: as young adult (18 to 34 years old), adult (35 to 54 years old), and older adult (greater than 55 years old). Age, gender, body mass index, and blood and urine boron concentrations were recorded for each subject. There were 50 women and 55 men, with a mean age of 44.63 ± 17.9 years. Blood and urine boron concentrations were similar among the groups (p = 0.510 and p = 0.228, respectively). However, a positive correlation between age and blood boron concentration (p = 0.001) was detected in contrast to the presence of a negative correlation between age and urine boron concentration (p = 0.027). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between gender, age, and quantitative values of body mass index for each subject, and blood and urine boron concentrations. Although the relationship between boron and obesity has not been confirmed, changes of blood and urine boron concentrations with age may have some physiologic sequences to cause obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Koc
- Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Vatan Str, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erhan Aysan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Vatan Str, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Hasbahceci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Vatan Str, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Beyza Arpaci
- Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Vatan Str, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salih Gecer
- Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Vatan Str, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selami Demirci
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, 34755, Kayisdagi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, 34755, Kayisdagi, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Abstract
An alteration of energy balance is the immediate cause of the so-called cachexia. Although alterations of energy intake are often associated with cachexia, it has lately became clear that an increased energy expenditure is the main cause of wasting associated with different types of pathological conditions, such as cancer, infections or chronic heart failure among others. Different types of molecular mechanisms contribute to energy expenditure and, therefore, involuntary body weight loss; among them, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption by sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pumps could represent a key mechanism. In other cases, an increase in energy inefficiency will further contribute to energy imbalance.
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