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Yue M, Chen MM, Zhang B, Wang Y, Li P, Zhao Y. The functional roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in colorectal cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116040. [PMID: 38113624 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy with significant rates of morbidity and mortality. A number of factors, including the tumor microenvironment, chemokines, the inflammatory response, have an impact on the development of colorectal cancer. A critical component of the tumor microenvironment is chemokines. Various cell subsets are attracted to the tumor microenvironment through interactions with chemokine receptors. These cells have varying effects on the development of the tumor and the effectiveness of treatment. Additionally, chemokines can participate in inflammatory processes and have effects that are either pro- or anti-tumor. Chemokines can be exploited as targets for medication resistance and treatment in colorectal cancer. In this review, we discuss the expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors, and their relationship with immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. At the same time, we also collect and discuss the significance of chemokines and chemokine receptors in colorectal cancer progression, and their potential as molecular targets for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Yue
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Meng-Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Immune Cells of Qingdao, Qingdao 266021, China; Qingdao Restore Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266111, PR China
| | - Bingqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Immune Cells of Qingdao, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province affiliated to Qingdao University, Shandong Province, China.
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2
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Xiang C, Zhang M, Shang Z, Chen S, Zhao J, Ding B, Jiang D, Zhu Q, Teng H, Zhu L, Shao J, Zhao R, Ye M, Yu Y, Han Y. Single-cell profiling reveals the trajectory of FOLR2-expressing tumor-associated macrophages to regulatory T cells in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:493. [PMID: 37532692 PMCID: PMC10397223 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
An immunosuppressive microenvironment enriched with regulatory CD4+ T lymphocytes (Tregs) facilitates the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study aims to investigate the cellular mechanism underlying the formation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in LUAD. LUAD samples (n = 12) and normal lung samples (n = 3) were obtained from patients with different pathological stages of LUAD. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed to classify cellular components and analyze the transcriptomes, including transcription factors/targets and chemokine ligands/receptors, followed by bioinformatics study such as pseudotime analysis. Myeloid cells and T cells were the most abundant cell types in tumors and normal lung tissues, while tumor-associated macrophage-folate receptor 2 (TAM-FOLR2) and CD4+ nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) exhibited sharp increases in invasive adenocarcinoma (IA). The enrichment of TAM-FOLR2 in IA might result from alveolar resident macrophage-resistin (ARM-RETN) transformation and recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs) and other TAMs, as evidenced by temporal trajectories and differential expression profiles of chemokine ligands/receptors versus those in the early stages of tumors. High expression of CCL17/19/22 was observed in IA as well as in DCs, along with the strong interaction of TAM-FOLR2 with DCs. The results of pseudotime analysis suggested that CD4+NR4A3 might potentially convert to CD4+FOXP3, further supported by the high expression of NR4A3 target genes in CD4+FOXP3 cells. This study provides a single-cell transcriptome atlas from preinvasive to invasive LUAD and reveals a potential ARM-RETN/TAM-FOLR2/DCs/CD4+NR4A3/CD4+FOXP3 trajectory in shaping the immune suppressive microenvironment along the pathogenesis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Novogene Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Zhanxian Shang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Shengnan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jikai Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Bowen Ding
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Novogene Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Haohua Teng
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jinchen Shao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Ruiying Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Novogene Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Yuchen Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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3
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Nigam M, Mishra AP, Deb VK, Dimri DB, Tiwari V, Bungau SG, Bungau AF, Radu AF. Evaluation of the association of chronic inflammation and cancer: Insights and implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:115015. [PMID: 37321055 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the most extensively researched processes in the development and treatment of cancer is inflammatory condition. Although acute inflammation is essential for the wound healing and reconstruction of tissues that have been damaged, chronic inflammation may contribute to the onset and growth of a number of diseases, including cancer. By disrupting the signaling processes of cells, which result in cancer induction, invasion, and development, a variety of inflammatory molecules are linked to the development of cancer. The microenvironment surrounding the tumor is greatly influenced by inflammatory cells and their subsequent secretions, which also contribute significantly to the tumor's growth, survivability, and potential migration. These inflammatory variables have been mentioned in several publications as prospective diagnostic tools for anticipating the onset of cancer. Targeting inflammation with various therapies can reduce the inflammatory response and potentially limit or block the proliferation of cancer cells. The scientific medical literature from the past three decades has been studied to determine how inflammatory chemicals and cell signaling pathways related to cancer invasion and metastasis are related. The current narrative review updates the relevant literature while highlighting the specifics of inflammatory signaling pathways in cancer and their possible therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Nigam
- Department of Biochemistry, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, 246174 Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Free State, 9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - Vishal Kumar Deb
- Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, 176061 Palampur, Himanchal Pradesh, India
| | - Deen Bandhu Dimri
- Department of Biochemistry, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, 246174 Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Alexa Florina Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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Adinew GM, Messeha S, Taka E, Mochona B, Redda KK, Soliman KFA. Thymoquinone Inhibition of Chemokines in TNF-α-Induced Inflammatory and Metastatic Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9878. [PMID: 37373025 PMCID: PMC10298461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of identifiable molecular targets or biomarkers hinders the development of treatment options in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, natural products offer a promising alternative by targeting inflammatory chemokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Chemokines are crucial in promoting breast cancer growth and metastasis and correlate to the altered inflammatory process. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antimetastatic effects of the natural product thymoquinone (TQ) on TNF-α-stimulated TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) to study the cytotoxic, antiproliferative, anticolony, antimigratory, and antichemokine effects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions, and Western blots were used in sequence to validate the microarray results further. Four downregulated inflammatory cytokines were identified, CCL2 and CCL20 in MDA-MB-468 cells and CCL3 and CCL4 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, when TNF-α-stimulated MDA-MB-231 cells were compared with MDA-MB-468 cells, the two cells were sensitive to TQ's antichemokine and antimetastatic effect in preventing cell migration. It was concluded from this investigation that genetically different cell lines may respond to TQ differently, as TQ targets CCL3 and CCL4 in MDA-MB-231 cells and CCL2 and CCL20 in MDA-MB-468 cells. Therefore, the results indicate that TQ may be recommended as a component of the therapeutic strategy for TNBC treatment. These outcomes stem from the compound's capacity to suppress the chemokine. Even though these findings support the usage of TQ as part of a therapy strategy for TNBC associated with the identified chemokine dysregulations, additional in vivo studies are needed to confirm these in vitro results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getinet M. Adinew
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (G.M.A.); (S.M.); (E.T.); (K.K.R.)
| | - Samia Messeha
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (G.M.A.); (S.M.); (E.T.); (K.K.R.)
| | - Equar Taka
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (G.M.A.); (S.M.); (E.T.); (K.K.R.)
| | - Bereket Mochona
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Kinfe K. Redda
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (G.M.A.); (S.M.); (E.T.); (K.K.R.)
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (G.M.A.); (S.M.); (E.T.); (K.K.R.)
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Qiang N, Ao J, Nakamura M, Chiba T, Kusakabe Y, Kaneko T, Kurosugi A, Kogure T, Ma Y, Zhang J, Ogawa K, Kan M, Iwanaga T, Sakuma T, Kanayama K, Kanzaki H, Kojima R, Nakagawa R, Kondo T, Nakamoto S, Muroyama R, Kato J, Mimura N, Ma A, Jin J, Kato N. Alteration of the tumor microenvironment by pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110068. [PMID: 37001386 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a core component of polycomb repressive component 2 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and recognized as a therapeutic target molecule. However, EZH2 possesses immunomodulatory functions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The impact of EZH2 on TME of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using immunocompetent mouse model was evaluated in the present study. UNC1999, an EZH2 inhibitor, impaired growth of the murine HCC cells (H22 cells) and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Although UNC1999 significantly inhibited the growth of H22 cells-derived and Hepa1-6 cells-derived tumors in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice, its antitumor effect was diminished in allogenic BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Flow cytometric analyses of TME cells in BALB/c mice demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of interferon‑γ+ CD8+ T cells and regulatory T cells and a significant increase in the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Administration of Gr-1 neutralizing antibody concomitant with UNC1999 restored antitumor effect accompanied by an increase in the number of CD8+ T cells followed by a decrease in the number of MDSCs. Chemokine antibody array demonstrated an enhanced expression of chemokines responsible for MDSCs recruitment such as C5a, CCL8, and CCL9. In conclusion, the study results demonstrated that EZH2 inhibitor contributed to attenuation of tumor immunity caused by TME arrangement. Combination therapy with EZH2 inhibitors and agents that reduce MDSCs might represent a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Qiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junjie Ao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Tetsuhiro Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Kusakabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akane Kurosugi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Kogure
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yaojia Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keita Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motoyasu Kan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Terunao Iwanaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sakuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kengo Kanayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kanzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Muroyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Mimura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Anqi Ma
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Martín-Rodríguez A, Redondo-Flórez L, Ruisoto P, Navarro-Jiménez E, Ramos-Campo DJ, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Metabolic Health, Mitochondrial Fitness, Physical Activity, and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030814. [PMID: 36765772 PMCID: PMC9913323 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to be a significant global health issue. Traditional genetic-based approaches to understanding and treating cancer have had limited success. Researchers are increasingly exploring the impact of the environment, specifically inflammation and metabolism, on cancer development. Examining the role of mitochondria in this context is crucial for understanding the connections between metabolic health, physical activity, and cancer. This study aimed to review the literature on this topic through a comprehensive narrative review of various databases including MedLine (PubMed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase, PsychINFO, and CinAhl. The review highlighted the importance of mitochondrial function in overall health and in regulating key events in cancer development, such as apoptosis. The concept of "mitochondrial fitness" emphasizes the crucial role of mitochondria in cell metabolism, particularly their oxidative functions, and how proper function can prevent replication errors and regulate apoptosis. Engaging in high-energy-demanding movement, such as exercise, is a powerful intervention for improving mitochondrial function and increasing resistance to environmental stressors. These findings support the significance of considering the role of the environment, specifically inflammation and metabolism, in cancer development and treatment. Further research is required to fully understand the mechanisms by which physical activity improves mitochondrial function and potentially reduces the risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Ruisoto
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Navarre, Spain
| | | | - Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo
- Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Roberto M, Arrivi G, Di Civita MA, Barchiesi G, Pilozzi E, Marchetti P, Santini D, Mazzuca F, Tomao S. The role of CXCL12 axis in pancreatic cancer: New biomarkers and potential targets. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1154581. [PMID: 37035150 PMCID: PMC10076769 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1154581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chemokines are small, secreted peptides involved in the mediation of the immune cell recruitment. Chemokines have been implicated in several diseases including autoimmune diseases, viral infections and also played a critical role in the genesis and development of several malignant tumors. CXCL12 is a homeostatic CXC chemokine involved in the process of proliferation, and tumor spread. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive tumors, that is still lacking effective therapies and with a dramatically poor prognosis. Method We conducted a scientific literature search on Pubmed and Google Scholar including retrospective, prospective studies and reviews focused on the current research elucidating the emerging role of CXCL12 and its receptors CXCR4 - CXCR7 in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. Results Considering the mechanism of immunomodulation of the CXCL12-CXCR4-CXCR7 axis, as well as the potential interaction with the microenvironment in the PDAC, several combined therapeutic approaches have been studied and developed, to overcome the "cold" immunological setting of PDAC, like combining CXCL12 axis inhibitors with anti PD-1/PDL1 drugs. Conclusion Understanding the role of this chemokine's axis in disease initiation and progression may provide the basis for developing new potential biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for related pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Roberto
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Arrivi
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’ Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Alberto Di Civita
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Mattia Alberto Di Civita,
| | - Giacomo Barchiesi
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pilozzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Anatomia Patologica Unit, Sant’ Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Mazzuca
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’ Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silverio Tomao
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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8
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Wang J, Liu J, Hou Q, Xu M. LINC02126 is a potential diagnostic, prognostic and immunotherapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:412. [DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Adenocarcinoma has long been an independent histological class of lung cancer, which leads to high morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate the contribution of LINC02126 in lung adenocarcinoma.
Methods
RNA sequencing data and clinical information were downloaded. Diagnostic efficiency and survival analysis of LINC02126 were performed, followed by functional analysis of genes co-expressed with LINC02126 and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different LINC02126 expression groups. Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) cell infiltration and correlation analysis of tumor mutation burden were performed in different LINC02126 expression groups.
Results
In lung adenocarcinoma, the expression level of LINC02126 was significantly decreased. Significant expression differences of LINC02126 were found in some clinical variables, including T staging, M staging, sex, stage, and EGFR mutation. LINC02126 had potential diagnostic and prognostic value for patients. In the low LINC02126 expression group, the infiltration degree of most immune cells was significantly lower than that in the high LINC02126 expression group. Tumor mutation burden level and frequency of somatic mutation in patients with low LINC02126 expression group were significantly higher than in patients with high LINC02126 expression group.
Conclusions
LINC02126 could be considered as a diagnostic, prognostic and immunotherapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Maurya SK, Khan P, Rehman AU, Kanchan RK, Perumal N, Mahapatra S, Chand HS, Santamaria-Barria JA, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Rethinking the chemokine cascade in brain metastasis: Preventive and therapeutic implications. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:914-930. [PMID: 34968667 PMCID: PMC9234104 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BrM) is one of the major causes of death in cancer patients and is associated with an estimated 10-40 % of total cancer cases. The survival rate of brain metastatic patients has not improved due to intratumor heterogeneity, the survival adaptations of brain homing metastatic cells, and the lack of understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms that limit the availability of effective therapies. The heterogeneous population of immune cells and tumor-initiating cells or cancer stem cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) release various factors, such as chemokines that upon binding to their cognate receptors enhance tumor growth at primary sites and help tumor cells metastasize to the brain. Furthermore, brain metastatic sites have unique heterogeneous microenvironment that fuels cancer cells in establishing BrM. This review explores the crosstalk of chemokines with the heterogeneous TME during the progression of BrM and recognizes potential therapeutic approaches. We also discuss and summarize different targeted, immunotherapeutic, chemotherapeutic, and combinatorial strategies (with chemo-/immune- or targeted-therapies) to attenuate chemokines mediated BrM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Asad Ur Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Ranjana K Kanchan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Naveenkumar Perumal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Hitendra S Chand
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | | | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA.
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10
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Wong KY, Cheung AH, Chen B, Chan WN, Yu J, Lo KW, Kang W, To KF. Cancer-associated fibroblasts in nonsmall cell lung cancer: From molecular mechanisms to clinical implications. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1195-1215. [PMID: 35603909 PMCID: PMC9545594 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the common and leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The tumor microenvironment has been recognized to be instrumental in tumorigenesis. To have a deep understanding of the molecular mechanism of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained increasing research interests. CAFs belong to the crucial and dominant cell population in the tumor microenvironment to support the cancer cells. The interplay and partnership between cancer cells and CAFs contribute to each stage of tumorigenesis. CAFs exhibit prominent heterogeneity and secrete different kinds of cytokines and chemokines, growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins involved in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. Many studies focused on the protumorigenic functions of CAFs, yet many challenges about the heterogeneity of CAFS remain unresolved. This review comprehensively summarized the tumor-promoting role and molecular mechanisms of CAFs in NSCLC, including their origin, phenotypic changes and heterogeneity and their functional roles in carcinogenesis. Meanwhile, we also highlighted the updated molecular classifications based on the molecular features and functional roles of CAFs. With the development of cutting-edge platforms and further investigations of CAFs, novel therapeutic strategies for accurately targeting CAFs in NSCLC may be developed based on the increased understanding of the relevant molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Yee Wong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Alvin Ho‐Kwan Cheung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Wai Nok Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
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11
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Horn G, Schäfers C, Thiermann H, Völkl S, Schmidt A, Rothmiller S. Sulfur mustard single-dose exposure triggers senescence in primary human dermal fibroblasts. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:3053-3066. [PMID: 35906424 PMCID: PMC9525386 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds, skin blisters, and ulcers are the result of skin exposure to the alkylating agent sulfur mustard (SM). One potential pathomechanism is senescence, which causes permanent growth arrest with a pro-inflammatory environment and may be associated with a chronic wound healing disorder. SM is known to induce chronic senescence in human mesenchymal stem cells which are subsequently unable to fulfill their regenerative function in the wound healing process. As dermal fibroblasts are crucial for cutaneous wound healing by being responsible for granulation tissue formation and synthesis of the extracellular matrix, SM exposure might also impair their function in a similar way. This study, therefore, investigated the SM sensitivity of primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) by determining the dose-response curve. Non-lethal concentrations LC1 (3 µM) to LC25 (65 µM) were used to examine the induction of senescence. HDF were exposed once to 3 µM, 13 µM, 24 µM, 40 µM or 65 μM SM, and were then cultured for 31 days. Changes in morphology as well as at the genetic and protein level were investigated. For the first time, HDF were shown to undergo senescence in a time- and concentration-dependent manner after SM exposure. They developed a characteristic senescence phenotype and expressed various senescence markers. Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were significantly altered in SM-exposed HDF as part of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. The senescent fibroblasts can thus be considered a contributor to the SM-induced chronic wound healing disorder and might serve as a new therapeutic target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Horn
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Catherine Schäfers
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Horst Thiermann
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Völkl
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Schmidt
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Sport Science, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577, Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Simone Rothmiller
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.
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12
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Bhatia S, Nguyen D, Darragh LB, Van Court B, Sharma J, Knitz MW, Piper M, Bukkapatnam S, Gadwa J, Bickett TE, Bhuvane S, Corbo S, Wu B, Lee Y, Fujita M, Joshi M, Heasley LE, Ferris RL, Rodriguez O, Albanese C, Kapoor M, Pasquale EB, Karam SD. EphB4 and ephrinB2 act in opposition in the head and neck tumor microenvironment. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3535. [PMID: 35725568 PMCID: PMC9209511 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential outcomes of EphB4-ephrinB2 signaling offers formidable challenge for the development of cancer therapeutics. Here, we interrogate the effects of targeting EphB4 and ephrinB2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and within its microenvironment using genetically engineered mice, recombinant constructs, pharmacologic agonists and antagonists. We observe that manipulating the EphB4 intracellular domain on cancer cells accelerates tumor growth and angiogenesis. EphB4 cancer cell loss also triggers compensatory upregulation of EphA4 and T regulatory cells (Tregs) influx and their targeting results in reversal of accelerated tumor growth mediated by EphB4 knockdown. EphrinB2 knockout on cancer cells and vasculature, on the other hand, results in maximal tumor reduction and vascular normalization. We report that EphB4 agonism provides no additional anti-tumoral benefit in the absence of ephrinB2. These results identify ephrinB2 as a tumor promoter and its receptor, EphB4, as a tumor suppressor in HNSCC, presenting opportunities for rational drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Bhatia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Diemmy Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Laurel B Darragh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Benjamin Van Court
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jaspreet Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael W Knitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Miles Piper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sanjana Bukkapatnam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jacob Gadwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas E Bickett
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shiv Bhuvane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sophia Corbo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brian Wu
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yichien Lee
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mayumi Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Molishree Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lynn E Heasley
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher Albanese
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohit Kapoor
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elena B Pasquale
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sana D Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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13
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Li H, Wu M, Zhao X. Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e147. [PMID: 35702353 PMCID: PMC9175564 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a large family of small secreted proteins that have fundamental roles in organ development, normal physiology, and immune responses upon binding to their corresponding receptors. The primary functions of chemokines are to coordinate and recruit immune cells to and from tissues and to participate in regulating interactions between immune cells. In addition to the generally recognized antimicrobial immunity, the chemokine/chemokine receptor axis also exerts a tumorigenic function in many different cancer models and is involved in the formation of immunosuppressive and protective tumor microenvironment (TME), making them potential prognostic markers for various hematologic and solid tumors. In fact, apart from its vital role in tumors, almost all inflammatory diseases involve chemokines and their receptors in one way or another. Modulating the expression of chemokines and/or their corresponding receptors on tumor cells or immune cells provides the basis for the exploitation of new drugs for clinical evaluation in the treatment of related diseases. Here, we summarize recent advances of chemokine systems in protumor and antitumor immune responses and discuss the prevailing understanding of how the chemokine system operates in inflammatory diseases. In this review, we also emphatically highlight the complexity of the chemokine system and explore its potential to guide the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of EducationWest China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of North DakotaGrand ForksNorth DakotaUSA
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of EducationWest China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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14
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Liu Q, Sun W, Zhang H. Roles and new Insights of Macrophages in the Tumor Microenvironment of Thyroid Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875384. [PMID: 35479325 PMCID: PMC9035491 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most thyroid cancers have a good and predictable prognosis, the anaplastic, medullary, and refractory thyroid cancers still prone to recurrence and metastasis, resulting in poor prognosis. Although a number of newly developed targeted therapies have begun to be indicated for the above types of thyroid cancer in recent years, their ability to improve overall survival remain hindered by low efficacy. As the largest component of immune cells in tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages play a key role in the invasion and metastasis of thyroid cancer. There is much evidence that the immune system, tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cell interactions may revolutionize traditional therapeutic directions. Tumor-associated macrophages have been extensively studied in a variety of tumors, however, research on the relationship between thyroid cancer and macrophages is still insufficient. In this review, we summarize the functions of tumor-associated macrophages in different types of thyroid cancer, their cytokines or chemokines effect on thyroid cancer and the mechanisms that promote tumor proliferation and migration. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms by which tumor-associated macrophages maintain the stemness of thyroid cancer and potential strategies for targeting tumor-associated macrophages to treat thyroid cancer.
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15
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Yu DL, Lou ZP, Ma FY, Najafi M. The interactions of paclitaxel with tumour microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108555. [PMID: 35121223 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Today, it is well-known that the interactions and secretion within the tumour are crucial to consider for cancer therapy. Some novel cancer therapy modalities such as immunotherapy or tumour vaccination therapy work based on the control of interactions within the tumour microenvironment (TME). It has been revealed that anti-cancer drugs or radiotherapy can modulate some interactions in favour of cancer therapy. However, they may induce some mechanisms to increase the resistance of cancer cells to therapy. Paclitaxel is known as the first approved herbal derived chemotherapy drug. Although the main known anti-cancer effect of paclitaxel is the inhibition of the cell cycle, today, it has been well known that paclitaxel may suppress the tumour via modulating several interactions in TME. Furthermore, paclitaxel may increase the expression of some tumour resistance drivers. This review aims to discuss the interactions within TME following treatment with paclitaxel. The effects of paclitaxel on the anti-tumour immunity, immunosuppressive cells, hypoxia, and also angiogenesis will be discussed. The targeting of these interactions may be interesting to increase therapy efficiency using the combination modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Li Yu
- Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, China.
| | - Zhi-Ping Lou
- Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, China
| | - Feng-Yun Ma
- Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, China
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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16
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Clinical significance and biological functions of chemokine CXCL3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:230372. [PMID: 34870709 PMCID: PMC8696619 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL3 plays extensive roles in tumorigenesis in various types of human cancers through its roles in tumor cell differentiation, invasion, and migration. However, the mechanisms of CXCL3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unclear. In our study, multiple databases were used to explore the expression level, prognostic value, and related mechanisms of CXCL3 in human HNSCC through bioinformatic methods. We also performed further experiments in vivo and in vitro to evaluate the expression of CXCL3 in a human head and neck tissue microarray and the underlying effect mechanisms of CXCL3 on the tumor biology of HNSCC tumor cells. The result showed that the expression level of CXCL3 in patients with HNSCC was significantly higher as compared with that in normal tissues (P<0.05). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high CXCL3 expression had a lower overall survival rate (P=0.038). CXCL3 was further identified as an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC patients by Cox regression analysis, and GSEA exhibited that several signaling pathways including Apoptosis, Toll-like receptor, Nod-like receptor, Jak-STAT, and MAPK signaling pathways may be involved in the tumorigenesis of HNSCC. CAL27 cells overexpressing or HNSCC cells treated with exogenous CXCL3 exhibited enhanced cell malignant behaviors, whereas down-regulating CXCL3 expression resulted in decreased malignant behaviors in HSC4 cells. In addition, CXCL3 may affect the expression of several genes, including ERK1/2, Bcl-2, Bax, STAT3, and NF-κB. In summary, our bioinformatics and experiment findings effectively suggest the information of CXCL3 expression, roles, and the potential regulatory network in HNSCC.
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17
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Parol-Kulczyk M, Gzil A, Ligmanowska J, Grzanka D. Prognostic significance of SDF-1 chemokine and its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 involved in EMT of prostate cancer. Cytokine 2021; 150:155778. [PMID: 34920230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tendency to conversion from state of chronic inflammation to malignancy is a tumor characteristic trait, which encourages progression to its metastatic stage.. The inflammatory cells maintaining in the tumor inaugurate a communication with cancer cells and become tumor-fostering cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a program supporting malignant cells during switch phenotype into metastatic form, providing looseness of cell-cell adherence and strengthens migratory or invasive features. EMT-undergone tumor cells become more aggressive and resistant to apoptosis. Additionally, malignant cells can be stimulated to manufacture proinflammatory factors throughout EMT program. Chronic inflammation is responsible for EMT induction in malignancies. Developed tumors induce inflammatory response through excretion of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, which recruit populations of infiltrating immune cells straight to the tumor microenvironment. The inflammatory reaction potentially exerts tumor control, but instead it can be intercepted by the tumor to stimulate its own development in direction to metastatic form. Our study confirmed that SDF-1 chemokine and its receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7 may participate in initiation of metastases formation and EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Parol-Kulczyk
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Gzil
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Joanna Ligmanowska
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Grzanka
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
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18
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Kim J, Xu Z, Marignani PA. Single-cell RNA sequencing for the identification of early-stage lung cancer biomarkers from circulating blood. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:87. [PMID: 34654834 PMCID: PMC8519939 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer accounts for more than half of the new cancers diagnosed world-wide with poor survival rates. Despite the development of chemical, radiological, and immunotherapies, many patients do not benefit from these therapies, as recurrence is common. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis using Fluidigm C1 systems to characterize human lung cancer transcriptomes at single-cell resolution. Validation of scRNA-seq differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) found a positive correlation in fold-change values between C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and 2 (CXCL2) compared with bulk-cell level in 34 primary lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) from Stage I patients. Furthermore, we discovered an inverse correlation between chemokine mRNAs, miR-532-5p, and miR-1266-3p in early-stage primary LUADs. Specially, miR-532-5p was quantifiable in plasma from the corresponding LUADs. Collectively, we identified markers of early-stage lung cancer that were validated in primary lung tumors and circulating blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Kim
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Room 9F1, 5850 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H1X5 Canada
| | - Zhaolin Xu
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Room 734C, 5788 University Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H1V8 Canada
| | - Paola A. Marignani
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Room 9F1, 5850 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H1X5 Canada ,grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Room 734C, 5788 University Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H1V8 Canada
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19
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Kwantwi LB, Wang S, Sheng Y, Wu Q. Multifaceted roles of CCL20 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 20): mechanisms and communication networks in breast cancer progression. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6923-6934. [PMID: 34569432 PMCID: PMC8806797 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1974765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated notable roles of CCL20 in breast cancer progression. Based on these findings, CCL20 has become a potential therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy. Accordingly, studies utilizing monoclonal antibodies to target CCL20 are currently being experimented. However, the existence of cytokine network in the tumor microenvironment collectively regulates tumor progression. Hence, a deeper understanding of the role of CCL20 and the underlying signaling pathways regulating the functions of CCL20 may provide a novel strategy for therapeutic interventions. This review provides the current knowledge on how CCL20 interacts with breast cancer cells to influence tumor progression via immunosuppression, angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, migration/invasion and chemoresistance. As a possible candidate biomarker, we also reviewed signal pathways and other factors in the tumor microenvironment regulating the tumor-promoting functions of CCL20.These new insights may be useful to design new potent and selective CCL20 inhibitors against breast cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Boafo Kwantwi
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Youjing Sheng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
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20
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Chamseddine AN, Assi T, Mir O, Chouaib S. Modulating tumor-associated macrophages to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A TAM-pting approach. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107986. [PMID: 34481812 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) plasticity and diversity are both essential hallmarks of the monocyte-macrophage lineage and the tumor-derived inflammation. TAM exemplify the perfect adaptable cell with dynamic phenotypic modifications that reflect changes in their functional polarization status. Under several tumor microenvironment (TME)-related cues, TAM shift their polarization, hence promoting or halting cancer progression. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) displayed unprecedented clinical responses in various refractory cancers; but only approximately a third of patients experienced durable responses. It is, therefore, crucial to enhance the response rate of immunotherapy. Several mechanisms of resistance to ICI have been elucidated including TAM role with its essential immunosuppressive functions that reduce both anti-tumor immunity and the subsequent ICI efficacy. In the past few years, thorough research has led to a better understanding of TAM biology and innovative approaches can now be adapted through targeting macrophages' recruitment axis as well as TAM activation and polarization status within the TME. Some of these therapeutic strategies are currently being evaluated in several clinical trials in association with ICI agents. This combination between TAM modulation and ICI allows targeting TAM intrinsic immunosuppressive functions and tumor-promoting factors as well as overcoming ICI resistance. Hence, such strategies, with a better understanding of the mechanisms driving TAM modulation, may have the potential to optimize ICI efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali N Chamseddine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, CESP INSERM U1018, OncoStat, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Tarek Assi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Olivier Mir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Department of Pharmacology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Department of Ambulatory Care, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Salem Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
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CXCL13 Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1302:71-90. [PMID: 34286442 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-62658-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines have emerged as important players in tumorigenic process. An extensive body of literature generated over the last two or three decades strongly implicate abnormally activated or functionally disrupted chemokine signaling in liaising most-if not all-hallmark processes of cancer. It is well-known that chemokine signaling networks within the tumor microenvironment are highly versatile and context-dependent: exert both pro-tumoral and antitumoral activities. The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), and its cognate receptor CXCR5, represents an emerging example of chemokine signaling axes, which express the ability to modulate tumor growth and progression in either way. Collateral evidence indicate that CXCL13-CXCR5 axis may directly modulate tumor growth by inducing proliferation of cancer cells, as well as promoting invasive phenotypes and preventing their apoptosis. In addition, CXCL13-CXCR5 axis may also indirectly modulate tumor growth by regulating noncancerous cells, particularly the immune cells, within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we review the role of CXCL13, together with CXCR5, in the human tumor microenvironment. We first elaborate their patterns of expression, regulation, and biological functions in normal physiology. We then consider how their aberrant activity, as a result of differential overexpression or co-expression, may directly or indirectly modulate the growth of tumors through effects on both cancerous and noncancerous cells.
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Modulation of CD47-SIRPα innate immune checkpoint axis with Fc-function detuned anti-CD47 therapeutic antibody. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:473-489. [PMID: 34247273 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) is a transmembrane protein ubiquitously expressed on human cells but overexpressed on many different tumor cells. The interaction of CD47 with signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) triggers a "don't eat me" signal to the macrophage, inhibiting phagocytosis. Thus, overexpression of CD47 enables tumor cells to escape from immune surveillance via the blockade of phagocytic mechanisms. We report here the development and characterization of CC-90002, a humanized anti-CD47 antibody. CC-90002 is unique among previously reported anti-CD47 bivalent antibodies that it does not promote hemagglutination while maintaining high-affinity binding to CD47 and inhibition of the CD47-SIRPα interaction. Studies in a panel of hematological cancer cell lines showed concentration-dependent CC-90002-mediated phagocytosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), lenalidomide-resistant multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and AML cells from patients. In vivo studies with MM cell line-derived xenograft models established in immunodeficient mice demonstrated significant dose-dependent antitumor activity of CC-90002. Treatment with CC-90002 significantly prolonged survival in an HL-60-disseminated AML model. Mechanistic studies confirmed the binding of CC-90002 to tumor cells and concomitant recruitment of F4-80 positive macrophages into the tumor and an increase in expression of select chemokines and cytokines of murine origin. Furthermore, the role of macrophages in the CC-90002-mediated antitumor activity was demonstrated by transient depletion of macrophages with liposome-clodronate treatment. In non-human primates, CC-90002 displayed acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and a favorable toxicity profile. These data demonstrate the potential activity of CC-90002 across hematological malignancies and provided basis for clinical studies CC-90002-ST-001 (NCT02367196) and CC-90002-AML-001 (NCT02641002).
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Ozga AJ, Chow MT, Luster AD. Chemokines and the immune response to cancer. Immunity 2021; 54:859-874. [PMID: 33838745 PMCID: PMC8434759 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that regulate the migration of immune cells. Chemokines function as cues for the coordinated recruitment of immune cells into and out of tissue and also guide the spatial organization and cellular interactions of immune cells within tissues. Chemokines are critical in directing immune cell migration necessary to mount and then deliver an effective anti-tumor immune response; however, chemokines also participate in the generation and recruitment of immune cells that contribute to a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. Here, we review the role of the chemokine system in anti-tumor and pro-tumor immune responses and discuss how malignant cells and the tumor microenvironment regulate the overall chemokine landscape to shape the type and outcome of immune responses to cancer and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra J Ozga
- Center for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Melvyn T. Chow
- Center for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Andrew D. Luster
- Center for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Correspondence:
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Potential Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081658. [PMID: 33924500 PMCID: PMC8070511 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of a panel of salivary cytokines as biomarkers for early detection oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), comparing their levels among healthy individuals, patients with oral leukoplakia (OL), and malignant lesions. Cytokine profiling analysis performed in a minimally invasive sample was correlated with clinicopathological variables in our patient cohorts. Unstimulated saliva was obtained from subjects with OSCC at early (n = 33) and advanced (n = 33) disease, OL with homogeneous (n = 33) and proliferative verrucous (n = 33) clinical presentations, and healthy controls (n = 25). Salivary IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, TNF-α, HCC-1, and PF-4 levels were analyzed by a sensitive bead-based multiplex immunoassay. Mean levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, HCC-1, MCP-1, and PF-4 differed significantly between OSCC, OL, and control saliva (p < 0.05). We found notably higher IL-6 and TNF-α in advanced compared to early OSCC stages. The area under the curve (AUC) for OSCC vs. control was greater than 0.8 for IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and HCC-1, and greater than 0.7 for PF-4. The presence of neck metastases (NM) was associated with increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Our findings suggest that salivary IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, HCC-1, and PF-4 may discriminate between OSCC, OL, and healthy controls. IL-6 and TNF-α may indicate OSCC progression, being distinctive in the presence of NM.
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Asokan S, Bandapalli OR. CXCL8 Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1302:25-39. [PMID: 34286439 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-62658-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment represents a dynamic and complex cellular network involving intricate communications between the tumor and highly heterogeneous groups of cells, including tumor-supporting immune and inflammatory cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, tumor-associated macrophages, adipose cells, and pericytes. Associated with a variety of growth factors, chemokines, cytokines, and other signaling molecules, the interaction between the tumor microenvironment and the tumor cells empowers aggressiveness of tumor by enhancing its survivability. CXCL8 (also known as Interleukin 8), a multifunctional proinflammatory chemokine that was initially classified as a neutrophil chemoattractant, recently has been found to be a key contributor in tumorigenesis. The upregulation of CXCL8 at the tumor invasion front in several human cancers suggests its interplay between the tumor and its microenvironment rendering tumor progression by enhancing angiogenesis, tumor genetic diversity, survival, proliferation, immune escape, metastasis, and multidrug resistance. The autocrine and paracrine modulation of CXCL8 via the chemokine receptors CXCR1/2 promotes several intracellular signaling cascades that fosters tumor-associated inflammation, reprogramming, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and neovascularization. Hence, decrypting the regulatory/signaling cascades of CXCL8 and its downstream effects may harbor prognostic clinical prospects of a tumor microenvironment-oriented cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahana Asokan
- Heidelberg University, Molecular Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Obul Reddy Bandapalli
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Kuhn N, Klinger B, Uhlitz F, Sieber A, Rivera M, Klotz-Noack K, Fichtner I, Hoffmann J, Blüthgen N, Falk C, Sers C, Schäfer R. Mutation-specific effects of NRAS oncogenes in colorectal cancer cells. Adv Biol Regul 2020; 79:100778. [PMID: 33431353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2020.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In colorectal cancer (CRC), the prevalence of NRAS mutations (5-9%) is inferior to that of KRAS mutations (40-50%). NRAS mutations feature lately during tumour progression and drive resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in KRAS wild-type tumours. To elucidate specific functions of NRAS mutations in CRC, we expressed doxycycline-inducible G12D and Q61K mutations in the CRC cell line Caco-2. A focused phospho-proteome analysis based on the Bio-Plex platform, which interrogated the activity of MAPK, PI3K, mTOR, STAT, p38, JNK and ATF2, did not reveal significant differences between Caco-2 cells expressing NRASG12D, NRASQ61K and KRASG12V. However, phenotypic read-outs were different. The NRAS Q61K mutation promoted anchorage-independent proliferation and tumorigenicity, similar to features driven by canonical KRAS mutations. In contrast, expression of NRASG12D resulted in reduced proliferation and apoptosis. At the transcriptome level, we saw upregulation of cytokines and chemokines. IL1A, IL11, CXCL8 (IL-8) and CCL20 exhibited enhanced secretion into the culture medium. In addition, RNA sequencing results indicated activation of the IL1-, JAK/STAT-, NFκB- and TNFα signalling pathways. These results form the basis for an NRASG12D-driven inflammatory phenotype in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kuhn
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertram Klinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; Integrative Research Institute Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Building 18, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Uhlitz
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; Integrative Research Institute Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Building 18, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Sieber
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; Integrative Research Institute Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Building 18, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Rivera
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin, Buch, Germany
| | - Kathleen Klotz-Noack
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iduna Fichtner
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin, Buch, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin, Buch, Germany
| | - Nils Blüthgen
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; Integrative Research Institute Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Building 18, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Sers
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Biphasic Expression of Atypical Chemokine Receptor (ACKR) 2 and ACKR4 in Colorectal Neoplasms in Association with Histopathological Findings. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010008. [PMID: 33374792 PMCID: PMC7824260 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Facilitating resolution of inflammation using atypical chemokine receptors (ACKR) as an anticancer strategy is considered but requires a deeper understanding of receptor role in carcinogenesis. We aimed at transcriptional analysis (RTqPCR) of ACKR2 and ACKR4 expression in colorectal adenoma-adenocarcinoma sequence in paired normal-neoplastic tissues from 96 polyps and 51 cancers. On average, ACKR2 was downregulated in neoplastic as compared to non-affected tissue in polyp (by 2.7-fold) and cancer (by 3.1-fold) patients. The maximal downregulation (by 8.2-fold) was observed in adenomas with the highest potential for malignancy and was gradually lessening through cancer stages I-IV, owing to increased receptor expression in tumors. On average, ACKR4 was significantly downregulated solely in adenocarcinomas (by 1.5-fold), less so in patients with lymph node metastasis, owing to a gradual decrease in ACKR4 expression among N0-N1-N2 cancers in non-affected tissue without changes in tumors. In adenomas, ACKR4 downregulation in neoplastic tissue increased with increasing potential for malignancy and contribution of villous growth pattern. ACKR4 expression increased in non-affected tissue with a concomitant decrease in pathological mucosa. In conclusion, the changes in ACKRs expression occur already in precancerous colorectal lesions, culminating in the adenomas with the highest potential for malignancy. Therefore, chemoprevention by manipulating ACKRs’ expression is worth exploration.
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Antineoplastic effects of targeting CCR5 and its therapeutic potential for colorectal cancer liver metastasis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 147:73-91. [PMID: 32902795 PMCID: PMC7810651 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Liver metastasis is observed in up to 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Available treatment options are limited and disease recurrence is often. Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) has attracted attention as novel therapeutic target for treating cancers. In this study, we reinforced the importance of CCR5 as therapeutic target in CRC and its liver metastasis by applying in vitro, in vivo and clinical investigations. Methods By targeting CCR5 via siRNAs or an FDA approved antagonist (maraviroc), we investigated the ensuing antineoplastic effects in three CRC cell lines. An animal model for CRC liver metastasis was used to evaluate time-dependent expressional modulation of the CCR5 axis by cDNA microarray. The model was also used to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of targeting CCR5 by maraviroc. Circulatory and tumor associated levels of CCR5 and its cognate ligands (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5) were analyzed by ELISA, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results Targeting the CCR5 inhibited proliferative, migratory and clonogenic properties and interfered with cell cycle-related signaling cascades. In vivo findings showed significant induction of the CCR5 axis during the early liver colonization phase. Treatment with maraviroc significantly inhibited CRC liver metastasis in the animal model. Differential expression profiles of circulatory and tumor associated CCR5/ligands were observed in CRC patients and healthy controls. Conclusion The findings indicate that targeting the CCR5 axis can be an effective strategy for treating CRC liver metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00432-020-03382-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Arora S, Singh P, Rahmani AH, Almatroodi SA, Dohare R, Syed MA. Unravelling the Role of miR-20b-5p, CCNB1, HMGA2 and E2F7 in Development and Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9080201. [PMID: 32752229 PMCID: PMC7465122 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a prime cause of worldwide cancer deaths, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as a frequent subtype. Surgical resection, chemotherapy are the currently used treatment methods. Delayed detection, poor prognosis, tumor heterogeneity, and chemoresistance make them relatively ineffective. Genomic medicine is a budding aspect of cancer therapeutics, where miRNAs are impressively involved. miRNAs are short ncRNAs that bind to 3′UTR of target mRNA, causing its degradation or translational repression to regulate gene expression. This study aims to identify important miRNA-mRNA-TF interactions in NSCLC using bioinformatics analysis. GEO datasets containing mRNA expression data of NSCLC were used to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and identification of hub genes-BIRC5, CCNB1, KIF11, KIF20A, and KIF4A (all functionally enriched in cell cycle). The FFL network involved, comprised of miR-20b-5p, CCNB1, HMGA2, and E2F7. KM survival analysis determines that these components may be effective prognostic biomarkers and would be a new contemplation in NSCLC therapeutics as they target cell cycle and immunosurveillance mechanisms via HMGA2 and E2F7. They provide survival advantage and evasion of host immune response (via downregulation of cytokines-IL6, IL1R1 and upregulation of chemokines-CXCL13, CXCL14) to NSCLC. The study has provided innovative targets, but further validation is needed to confirm the proposed mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Arora
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Prithvi Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.R.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.R.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
- Correspondence: (R.D.); (M.A.S.); Tel.: +91-986-865-5958 (R.D.); +91-995-378-6440 (M.A.S.)
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
- Correspondence: (R.D.); (M.A.S.); Tel.: +91-986-865-5958 (R.D.); +91-995-378-6440 (M.A.S.)
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Xin Q, Sun Q, Zhang CS, Zhang Q, Li CJ. Functions and mechanisms of chemokine receptor 7 in tumors of the digestive system. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:2448-2463. [PMID: 32607322 PMCID: PMC7322425 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i12.2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 7 (CXCR7), recently termed ACKR3, belongs to the G protein-coupled cell surface receptor family, binds to stromal cell-derived factor-1 [SDF-1, or chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12] or chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11, and is the most common chemokine receptor expressed in a variety of cancer cells. SDF-1 binds to its receptor chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) and regulates cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and migration. In recent years, another new receptor for SDF-1, CXCR7, has been discovered, and CXCR7 has also been found to be expressed in a variety of tumor cells and tumor-related vascular endothelial cells. Many studies have shown that CXCR7 can promote the growth and metastasis of a variety of malignant tumor cells. Unlike CXCR4, CXCR7 exhibits a slight modification in the DRYLAIV motif and does not induce intracellular Ca2+ release following ligand binding, which is essential for recruiting and activating G proteins. CXCR7 is generally thought to work in three ways: (1) Recruiting β-arrestin 2; (2) Heterodimerizing with CXCR4; and (3) Acting as a “scavenger” of SDF-1, thus lowering the level of SDF-1 to weaken the activity of CXCR4. In the present review, the expression and role of CXCR7, as well as its prognosis in cancers of the digestive system, were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xin
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin 300170, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Chuan-Shan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Chun-Jun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Health Management Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China
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Raguraman R, Parameswaran S, Kanwar JR, Vasudevan M, Chitipothu S, Kanwar RK, Krishnakumar S. Gene expression profiling of tumor stroma interactions in retinoblastoma. Exp Eye Res 2020; 197:108067. [PMID: 32585195 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify the critical molecular pathways altered upon tumor stroma interactions in retinoblastoma (RB). In vitro 2 D cocultures of RB tumor cells (Weri-Rb-1 and NCC-RbC-51) with primary bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) was established. Global gene expression patterns in coculture samples were assessed using Affymetrix Prime view human gene chip microarray and followed with bioinformatics analyses. Key upregulated genes from Weri-Rb-1 + BMSC and NCC-RbC-51 + BMSC coculture were validated using qRT-PCR to ascertain their role in RB progression. Whole genome microarray experiments identified significant (P ≤ 0.05, 1.1 log 2 FC) transcriptome level changes induced upon coculture of RB cells with BMSC. A total of 1155 genes were downregulated and 1083 upregulated in Weri-Rb-1 + BMSC coculture. Similarly, 1865 genes showed downregulation and 1644 genes were upregulation in NCC-RbC-51 + BMSC coculture. The upregulated genes were significantly associated with pathways of focal adhesion, PI3K-Akt signalling, ECM-receptor interaction, JAK-STAT, TGF-β signalling thus contributing to RB progression. Validation of key genes by qRT-PCR revealed significant overexpression of IL8, IL6, MYC and SMAD3 in the case of Weri-Rb-1 + BMSC coculture and IL6 in the case of NCC-RbC-51 + BMSC coculture. The microarray expression study on in vitro RB coculture models revealed the pathways that could be involved in the progression of RB. The gene signature obtained in a stimulated model when a growing tumor interacts with its microenvironment may provide new horizons for potential targeted therapy in RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswari Raguraman
- Larsen & Toubro Department of Ocular Pathology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, 600006, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Medicine, Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, VIC, Australia
| | - Sowmya Parameswaran
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jagat Rakesh Kanwar
- School of Medicine, Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Srujana Chitipothu
- Central Research Instrumentation Facility, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur Kanwar
- School of Medicine, Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, VIC, Australia
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Larsen & Toubro Department of Ocular Pathology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, 600006, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Medicine, Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, VIC, Australia.
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Liu H, Yang Z, Lu W, Chen Z, Chen L, Han S, Wu X, Cai T, Cai Y. Chemokines and chemokine receptors: A new strategy for breast cancer therapy. Cancer Med 2020; 9:3786-3799. [PMID: 32253815 PMCID: PMC7286460 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptors not only participate in the development of tissue differentiation, hematopoiesis, inflammation, and immune regulation but also play an important role in the process of tumor development. The role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in tumors has been emphasized in recent years. More and more studies have shown that chemokines and chemokine receptors are closely related to the occurrence, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and immunity of breast cancer. Here, we review recent progression on the roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in breast cancer, and discuss the possible mechanism in breast cancer that might facilitate the development of new therapies by targeting chemokines as well as chemokine receptors. Chemokines and chemokine receptors play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. In-depth study of chemokines and chemokine receptors can provide intervention targets for breast cancer biotherapy. The regulation of chemokines and chemokine receptors may become a new strategy for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenping Lu
- Guangan' Men Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianyu Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Cancer Research Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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33
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Niu Y, Tang D, Fan L, Gao W, Lin H. CCL25 promotes the migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating VEGF and MMPs in a CCR9-dependent manner. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3571-3580. [PMID: 32346420 PMCID: PMC7185084 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) and its natural secreted ligand CC motif chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) have been implicated in cancer metastasis. However, their metastatic potential in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In the present study, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and localization of CCR9, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-7 in lung cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue. The association between the expression of CCR9 and clinical variables was also examined. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were conducted to detect the expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, MMP-1 and MMP-7 in lung cancer cell lines (A549 and SK-MES-1). Migration and invasion assays were conducted to examine cell migration and invasion. Survival and mutation analysis were conducted using published datasets. The expressions of CCR9, VEGF, MMP-1 and MMP-7 were upregulated in cancer tissue, compared with adjacent normal tissue (all P<0.05). Patients with lower expression of CCR9 or CCL25 had better overall survival (OS) compared with those with higher CCR9 or CCL25 expression (P<0.05 and P=0.05, respectively). Furthermore, the expressions of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, MMP-1 and MMP-7 were higher in the CCL25-treated cell lines (all P<0.05), but MMP-7 protein expression was not affected by CCL25 treatment in SK-MES-1 cells (P>0.05). Following treatment with CCL25, lung cancer cells demonstrated higher migratory and invasive potential, which could be blocked by the CCR9 antibody (P<0.05). Survival analysis demonstrated that low expression levels of both CCR9 and CCL25 mRNA indicated favorable OS in patients with NSCLC. Altogether, these results suggested that CCL25 enhanced the phenotype associated with migration and invasion in NSCLC by regulating the expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, MMP-1 and MMP-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxu Niu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Dongfang Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Liwen Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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34
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Nazari A, Ahmadi Z, Hassanshahi G, Abbasifard M, Taghipour Z, Falahati-Pour SK, Khorramdelazad H. Effective Treatments for Bladder Cancer Affecting CXCL9/CXCL10/CXCL11/CXCR3 Axis: A Review. Oman Med J 2020; 35:e103. [PMID: 32181005 PMCID: PMC7064791 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2020.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) originates mainly from the epithelial compartment of the bladder, which is defined as transitional cell carcinoma or urothelial cell carcinoma. About 70% of patients with BC will survive five years from diagnosis. Previous studies revealed that the immune system and its mediators, particularly chemokines, play a crucial role in modulating responses against BC. Chemokines, which serve as chemoattractants for leukocytes, are small proteins that can initiate inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune responses and also are associated with many aspects of both regulation and progression of mentioned responses. Additionally, these immune mediators can interfere with the other tumor-related processes, including tumor proliferation, neovascularization, and metastases. Among these chemokines, CXC chemokines, including CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, are recognized as the main ligands of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and contribute to related immune responses after therapeutic strategies for BC. Evidence suggests that the production of these chemokines can have two important implications. First, these mediators can trigger the accumulation of CD8+ T cells that can contribute to the elimination of the tumor. Secondly, the production of these chemokines by tumor tissue may trigger the migration and activation of immune cells including myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, which act in favor of the tumor and its progress. Therefore, in this review, we describe the latest therapeutic approaches based on targeting this axis's components and subsequent immune phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Nazari
- Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Science, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Taghipour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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35
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Cai Y, Ling Y, Huang L, Huang H, Chen X, Xiao Y, Zhu Z, Chen J. C-C motif chemokine 14 as a novel potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2875-2883. [PMID: 32218842 PMCID: PMC7068588 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that C-C motif chemokine 14 (CCL14) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer. However, the significance of CCL14 in the progression and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has not yet been reported. The standard EnVision procedure for tissue microarrays was used to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of CCL14 protein in 154 patients with EOC who underwent tumor-debulking operations at the Central Cancer Department of Sun Yat-Sen University (Guangzhou, China) or Jiangmen Central Hospital (Jiangmen, China). The association between CCL14 expression and clinicopathological variables was assessed using the χ2 test. For survival status of patients with EOC, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and a Cox multivariate regression model was used. Expression of CCL14 protein was significantly associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetric stage (P=0.014) and pN status(P=0.005). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the survival time of patients with high expression of CCL14 was 136.1 months and that of patients with low expression of CCL14 was 98.9 months (P=0.026). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that CCL14 upregulation was associated with overall survival time (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.261–0.896; P=0.021) and progression-free survival time (HR,0.437; 95% CI, 0.228–0.839; P=0.013). In conclusion, CCL14 is an independent prognostic factor for EOC and upregulation of CCL14 is associated with a more favorable prognosis in patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Cai
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529200, P.R. China
| | - Yihong Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Lingbo Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Huazhou People's Hospital, Huazhou, Guangdong 525100, P.R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529200, P.R. China
| | - Xianlan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529200, P.R. China
| | - Yongbo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zhongmei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jiewei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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36
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Do HTT, Lee CH, Cho J. Chemokines and their Receptors: Multifaceted Roles in Cancer Progression and Potential Value as Cancer Prognostic Markers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020287. [PMID: 31991604 PMCID: PMC7072521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that mediate immune cell chemotaxis and lymphoid tissue development. Recent advances have indicated that chemokines and their cognate receptors play critical roles in cancer-related inflammation and cancer progression. On the basis of these findings, the chemokine system has become a new potential drug target for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the essential roles of the complex network of chemokines and their receptors in cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss the potential value of the chemokine system as a cancer prognostic marker. The chemokine system regulates the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor microenvironment, which induces both pro- and anti-immunity and promotes or suppresses tumor growth and proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Increasing evidence indicates the promising prognostic value of the chemokine system in cancer patients. While CCL2, CXCL10, and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 can serve as favorable or unfavorable prognostic factors depending on the cancer types, CCL14 and XCL1 possess good prognostic value. Other chemokines such as CXCL1, CXCL8, and CXCL12 are poor prognostic markers. Despite vast advances in our understanding of the complex nature of the chemokine system in tumor biology, knowledge about the multifaceted roles of the chemokine system in different types of cancers is still limited. Further studies are necessary to decipher distinct roles within the chemokine system in terms of cancer progression and to validate their potential value in cancer prognosis.
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37
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Qi YL, Li Y, Man XX, Sui HY, Zhao XL, Zhang PX, Qu XS, Zhang H, Wang BX, Li J, Qi SF, Jia LL, Luan HY, Zhang CB, Wang WQ. CXCL3 overexpression promotes the tumorigenic potential of uterine cervical cancer cells via the MAPK/ERK pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4756-4765. [PMID: 31667838 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CXCL3 belongs to the CXC-type chemokine family and is known to play a multifaceted role in various human malignancies. While its clinical significance and mechanisms of action in uterine cervical cancer (UCC) remain unclear. This investigation demonstrated that the UCC cell line HeLa expressed CXCL3, and strong expression of CXCL3 was detected in UCC tissues relative to nontumor tissues. In addition, CXCL3 expression was strongly correlated with CXCL5 expression in UCC tissues. In vitro, HeLa cells overexpressing CXCL3, HeLa cells treated with exogenous CXCL3 or treated with conditioned medium from WPMY cells overexpressing CXCL3, exhibited enhanced proliferation and migration activities. In agreement with these findings, CXCL3 overexpression was also associated with the generation of HeLa cell tumor xenografts in athymic nude mice. Subsequent mechanistic studies demonstrated that CXCL3 overexpressing influenced the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway associated genes, including ERK1/2, Bcl-2, and Bax, whereas the CXCL3-induced proliferation and migration effects were attenuated by exogenous administration of the ERK1/2 blocker PD98059. The data of the current investigation support that CXCL3 appears to hold promise as a potential tumor marker and interference target for UCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Qi
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yue Li
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xia-Xia Man
- Department of Oncologic Gynecology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Yu Sui
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhao
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng-Xia Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiu-Sheng Qu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bai-Xin Wang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shu-Fang Qi
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lin-Lin Jia
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hai-Yan Luan
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chun-Bin Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei-Qun Wang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
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38
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Gao D, Fish EN. Chemokines in breast cancer: Regulating metabolism. Cytokine 2019; 109:57-64. [PMID: 29903574 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that chemokine-chemokine receptor interactions invoke biological responses beyond their originally described function of orchestrating leukocyte trafficking. In this review we will extend the findings that chemokines participate actively in the neoplastic process, and consider the contribution of CCL5 activation of CCR5 on breast cancer cells to upregulation of anabolic metabolic events that would support the energy demands of cell replication and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrin Gao
- Dept. Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Bldg., Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M1, Canada.
| | - Eleanor N Fish
- Dept. Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Bldg., Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M1, Canada.
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39
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Vishnubalaji R, Sasidharan Nair V, Ouararhni K, Elkord E, Alajez NM. Integrated Transcriptome and Pathway Analyses Revealed Multiple Activated Pathways in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:910. [PMID: 31620367 PMCID: PMC6759650 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, a better understanding of BC biology and signaling pathways might lead to the development of novel biomarkers and targeted therapies. Although a number of transcriptomic studies have been performed on breast cancer patients from various geographic regions, there are almost no such comprehensive studies performed on breast cancer from patients in the gulf region. This study aimed to provide a better understanding of the altered molecular networks in BC from the gulf region. Herein, we compared the transcriptome of BC to adjacent normal tissue from six BC patients and identified 1,108 upregulated and 518 downregulated transcripts. A selected number of genes from the RNA-Seq analysis were subsequently validated using qRT-PCR. Differentially expressed (2.0-fold change, adj. p < 0.05) transcripts were subjected to ingenuity pathway analysis, which revealed a myriad of affected signaling pathways and functional categories. Activation of ERBB2, FOXM1, ESR1, and IGFBP2 mechanistic networks was most prominent in BC tissue. Additionally, BC tissue exhibited marked enrichment in genes promoting cellular proliferation, migration, survival, and DNA replication and repair. The presence of genes indicative of immune cell infiltration and activation was also observed in BC tissue. We observed high concordance [43.5% (upregulated) and 62.1% (downregulated)] between differentially expressed genes in our study group and those reported for the TCGA BC cohort. Our data provide novel insight on BC biology and suggest common altered molecular networks in BC in this geographic region. Our data suggest future development of therapeutic interventions targeting those common signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhakrishnan Vishnubalaji
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varun Sasidharan Nair
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Ouararhni
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eyad Elkord
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nehad M Alajez
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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40
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Fox JC, Thomas MA, Dishman AF, Larsen O, Nakayama T, Yoshie O, Rosenkilde MM, Volkman BF. Structure-function guided modeling of chemokine-GPCR specificity for the chemokine XCL1 and its receptor XCR1. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/597/eaat4128. [PMID: 31481523 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aat4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines interact with their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) through a two-step, two-site mechanism and, through this interaction, mediate various homeostatic and immune response mechanisms. Upon initial recognition of the chemokine by the receptor, the amino terminus of the chemokine inserts into the orthosteric pocket of the GPCR, causing conformational changes that trigger intracellular signaling. There is considerable structural and functional evidence to suggest that the amino acid composition and length of the chemokine amino terminus is critical for GPCR activation, complementing the size and amino acid composition of the orthosteric pocket. However, very few structures of a native chemokine-receptor complex have been solved. Here, we used a hybrid approach that combines structure-function data with Rosetta modeling to describe key contacts within a chemokine-GPCR interface. We found that the extreme amino-terminal residues of the chemokine XCL1 (Val1, Gly2, Ser3, and Glu4) contribute a large fraction of the binding energy to its receptor XCR1, whereas residues near the disulfide bond-forming residue Cys11 modulate XCR1 activation. Alterations in the XCL1 amino terminus changed XCR1 activation, as determined by assessing inositol triphosphate accumulation, intracellular calcium release, and directed cell migration. Computational analysis of XCL1-XCR1 interactions revealed functional contacts involving Glu4 of XCL1 and Tyr117 and Arg273 of XCR1. Subsequent mutation of Tyr117 and Arg273 led to diminished binding and activation of XCR1 by XCL1. These findings demonstrate the utility of a hybrid approach, using biological data and homology modeling, to study chemokine-GPCR interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie C Fox
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Monica A Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Acacia F Dishman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Olav Larsen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Takashi Nakayama
- Divison of Chemotherapy, Kindai University Faculty of Pharmacy, Higashi-osaka 577, Japan
| | - Osamu Yoshie
- The Health and Kampo Institute, 1-11-10 Murasakiyama, Sendai, Miyagi 982-3205, Japan
| | - Mette Marie Rosenkilde
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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41
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Aizawa T, Karasawa H, Funayama R, Shirota M, Suzuki T, Maeda S, Suzuki H, Yamamura A, Naitoh T, Nakayama K, Unno M. Cancer-associated fibroblasts secrete Wnt2 to promote cancer progression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6370-6382. [PMID: 31468733 PMCID: PMC6797671 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment plays a significant role in the progression of solid tumors. As an abundant component of the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been shown to promote tumorigenesis and cancer aggressiveness, but their molecular characteristics remain poorly understood. In the present study, paired CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from five colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues from patients who underwent surgical resection. The gene expression profiles of CAFs and NFs identified by RNA sequencing were compared to understand the complex role of CAFs in cancer progression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that the gene sets related to the Wnt signaling pathway were highly enriched in CAFs, as well as TGFβ signaling, which is considered to be a regulator of CAFs. Among the components of this pathway, Wnt2 was specifically expressed. The observations led us to speculate that Wnt2 is extremely involved in regulating CRC progression by CAFs. Thus, we performed immunohistochemical analysis on Wnt2 in 171 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Positive staining for Wnt2 was mainly observed in cancer stroma, although the immunoreactivity was weak in cancer cells. Wnt2 expression in CAFs was significantly correlated with depth of tumor (P < .001), lymph node metastasis (P = .044), TNM stage (P = .010), venous invasion (P < .001), and recurrence (P = .013). Subsequent in vitro analyses were conducted using conditioned medium (CM) from immortalized CAFs transfected with siRNA targeting Wnt2. As a result, cancer cell invasion and migration were significantly decreased in the CM from immortalized CAFs transfected with siRNA targeting Wnt2. Our findings indicated that Wnt2 protein released from CAFs enhances CRC cell invasion and migration. In conclusion, Wnt2 secreted by CAFs plays a key role in cancer progression and is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Aizawa
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideaki Karasawa
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, ART, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Matsuyuki Shirota
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medical Science, ART, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shimpei Maeda
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamamura
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naitoh
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, ART, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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42
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Das B, Senapati S. Functional and mechanistic studies reveal MAGEA3 as a pro-survival factor in pancreatic cancer cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:294. [PMID: 31287009 PMCID: PMC6615156 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background In the era of personalized therapy, functional annotation of less frequent genetic aberrations will be instrumental in adapting effective therapeutic in clinic. Overexpression of Melanoma associated antigen A3 (MAGEA3) is reported in certain pancreatic cancer (PCA) patients. The major objective of the current study was to investigate the functional role of MAGEA3 in pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) growth and survival. Methods Using overexpression (tet-on regulated system and constitutive expression system) and knockdown (by siRNA and shRNA) approach, we dissected the mechanistic role of MAGEA3 in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. We generated MAGEA3 expressing stable PCA cell lines and mouse primary pancreatic epithelial cells. MAGEA3 was also depleted in certain MAGEA3 positive PCCs by siRNA or shRNA. The stable cells were subjected to in vitro assays like proliferation and survival assays under growth factor deprivation or in the presence of cytotoxic drugs. The MAGEA3 overexpressing or depleted stable PCCs were evaluated in vivo using xenograft model to check the role of MAGEA3 in tumor progression. We also dissected the mechanism behind the MAGEA3 role in tumor progression using western blot analysis and CCL2 neutralization. Results MAGEA3 overexpression in PCA cells did not alter the cell proliferation but protected the cells during growth factor deprivation and also in the presence of cytotoxic drugs. However, depletion of MAGEA3 in MAGEA3 positive cells resulted in reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis upon growth factor deprivation and also in response to cytotoxic drugs. The in vivo xenograft study revealed that overexpression of MAGEA3 promoted tumor growth however depleting the same hindered the tumor progression. Mechanistically, our in vitro and in vivo study revealed that MAGEA3 has tumor-promoting role by reducing macro-autophagy and overexpressing pro-survival molecules like CCL2 and survivin. Conclusion Our data proves tumor-promoting role of MAGEA3 and provides the rationale to target MAGEA3 and/or its functional mediators like CCL2 for PCA, which may have a better impact in PCA therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1272-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Das
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shantibhusan Senapati
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India.
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Unver N. Macrophage chemoattractants secreted by cancer cells: Sculptors of the tumor microenvironment and another crucial piece of the cancer secretome as a therapeutic target. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 50:13-18. [PMID: 31151747 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Beyond their essential role in leukocyte homing in the context of inflammation, chemokines orchestrate the host response to cancer progression. Chemokines are key accelerators in the amplification of inflammatory signals and metastasis in the distal zone of tumors, indicating possible immune editing of tumor cells in the microenvironment. This review summarizes the main macrophage-attracting chemokines secreted from cancer cells and how these mediators can be targeted to improve cancer immunotherapy in multiple cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Unver
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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Bhatia S, Oweida A, Lennon S, Darragh LB, Milner D, Phan AV, Mueller AC, Van Court B, Raben D, Serkova NJ, Wang XJ, Jimeno A, Clambey ET, Pasquale EB, Karam SD. Inhibition of EphB4-Ephrin-B2 Signaling Reprograms the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Head and Neck Cancers. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2722-2735. [PMID: 30894369 PMCID: PMC6522285 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Identifying targets present in the tumor microenvironment that contribute to immune evasion has become an important area of research. In this study, we identified EphB4-ephrin-B2 signaling as a regulator of both innate and adaptive components of the immune system. EphB4 belongs to receptor tyrosine kinase family that interacts with ephrin-B2 ligand at sites of cell-cell contact, resulting in bidirectional signaling. We found that EphB4-ephrin-B2 inhibition alone or in combination with radiation (RT) reduced intratumoral regulatory T cells (Tregs) and increased activation of both CD8+ and CD4+Foxp3- T cells compared with the control group in an orthotopic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) model. We also compared the effect of EphB4-ephrin-B2 inhibition combined with RT with combined anti-PDL1 and RT and observed similar tumor growth suppression, particularly at early time-points. A patient-derived xenograft model showed reduction of tumor-associated M2 macrophages and favored polarization towards an antitumoral M1 phenotype following EphB4-ephrin-B2 inhibition with RT. In vitro, EphB4 signaling inhibition decreased Ki67-expressing Tregs and Treg activation compared with the control group. Overall, our study is the first to implicate the role of EphB4-ephrin-B2 in tumor immune response. Moreover, our findings suggest that EphB4-ephrin-B2 inhibition combined with RT represents a potential alternative for patients with HNSCC and could be particularly beneficial for patients who are ineligible to receive or cannot tolerate anti-PDL1 therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings present EphB4-ephrin-B2 inhibition as an alternative to anti-PDL1 therapeutics that can be used in combination with radiation to induce an effective antitumor immune response in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Bhatia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ayman Oweida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Shelby Lennon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laurel B Darragh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Dallin Milner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Andy V Phan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Adam C Mueller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Benjamin Van Court
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David Raben
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Natalie J Serkova
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Antonio Jimeno
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Eric T Clambey
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Elena B Pasquale
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Sana D Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
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Hussain M, Adah D, Tariq M, Lu Y, Zhang J, Liu J. CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling axis in cancer. Life Sci 2019; 227:175-186. [PMID: 31026453 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment comprises stromal and tumor cells which interact with each other through complex cross-talks that are mediated by a variety of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. The chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) are among the key chemotactic factors which play crucial roles in deriving cancer cell biology. CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling axis makes pivotal contributions to the development and progression of several human cancers. In this review, we discuss how CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling modulates cancer cell ability to grow, proliferate, invade, and metastasize. Furthermore, we also discuss the preliminary evidence on context-dependent functioning of this axis within the tumor-immune microenvironment, thus, highlighting its potential dichotomy with respect to anticancer immunity and cancer immune-evasion mechanisms. At the end, we briefly shed light on the therapeutic potential or implications of targeting CXCL13/CXCR5 axis within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammal Hussain
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Dickson Adah
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Heath, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China
| | - Muqddas Tariq
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yongzhi Lu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China
| | - Jiancun Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China.
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China.
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Miyake M, Furuya H, Onishi S, Hokutan K, Anai S, Chan O, Shi S, Fujimoto K, Goodison S, Cai W, Rosser CJ. Monoclonal Antibody against CXCL1 (HL2401) as a Novel Agent in Suppressing IL6 Expression and Tumoral Growth. Theranostics 2019; 9:853-867. [PMID: 30809313 PMCID: PMC6376461 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The expression of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), an inflammatory protein, has been reported to be up-regulated in many human cancers. The mechanisms through which aberrant cellular CXCL1 levels promote specific steps in tumor growth and progression are unknown. Methods: We described the anticancer effects and mechanism of action of HL2401, a monoclonal antibody directed at CXCL1 with in vitro and in vivo data on bladder and prostate cancers. Results: HL2401 inhibited proliferation and invasion of bladder and prostate cells along with disrupting endothelial sprouting in vitro. Furthermore, novel mechanistic investigations revealed that CXCL1 expression stimulated interleukin 6 (IL6) expression and repressed tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4 (TIMP4). Systemic administration of HL2401 in mice bearing bladder and prostate xenograft tumors retarded tumor growth through the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis along with an induction of apoptosis. Our findings reveal a previously undocumented relationship between CXCL1, IL6 and TIMP4 in solid tumor biology. Principal conclusions: Taken together, our results argue that CXCL1 plays an important role in sustaining the growth of bladder and prostate tumors via up-regulation of IL6 and down-regulation of TIMP4. Targeting these critical interactions with a CXCL1 monoclonal antibody offers a novel strategy to therapeutically manage bladder and prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makito Miyake
- Nara Medical University, Department of Urology, Nara, Japan
| | - Hideki Furuya
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Sayuri Onishi
- Nara Medical University, Department of Urology, Nara, Japan
| | - Kanani Hokutan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Satoshi Anai
- Nara Medical University, Department of Urology, Nara, Japan
| | - Owen Chan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Sixiang Shi
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Charles J. Rosser
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI USA
- Nonagen Bioscience Corporation, Jacksonville, Florida
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Chemotherapy and Inflammatory Cytokine Signalling in Cancer Cells and the Tumour Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1152:173-215. [PMID: 31456184 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the result of a cell's acquisition of a variety of biological capabilities or 'hallmarks' as outlined by Hanahan and Weinberg. These include sustained proliferative signalling, the ability to evade growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and the ability to invade other tissue and metastasize. More recently, the ability to escape immune destruction has been recognized as another important hallmark of tumours. It is suggested that genome instability and inflammation accelerates the acquisition of a variety of the above hallmarks. Inflammation, is a product of the body's response to tissue damage or pathogen invasion. It is required for tissue repair and host defense, but prolonged inflammation can often be the cause for disease. In a cancer patient, it is often unclear whether inflammation plays a protective or deleterious role in disease progression. Chemotherapy drugs can suppress tumour growth but also induce pathways in tumour cells that have been shown experimentally to support tumour progression or, in other cases, encourage an anti-tumour immune response. Thus, with the goal of better understanding the context under which each of these possible outcomes occurs, recent progress exploring chemotherapy-induced inflammatory cytokine production and the effects of cytokines on drug efficacy in the tumour microenvironment will be reviewed. The implications of chemotherapy on host and tumour cytokine pathways and their effect on the treatment of cancer patients will also be discussed.
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Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: Orchestrating Tumor Metastasization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010096. [PMID: 30591657 PMCID: PMC6337330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis still represents the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemokine signalling contributes to the overall process of cancer growth and metastasis, and their expression in both primary tumors and metastatic lesions correlate with prognosis. Chemokines promote tumor metastasization by directly supporting cancer cell survival and invasion, angiogenesis, and by indirectly shaping the pre-metastatic niches and antitumor immunity. Here, we will focus on the relevant chemokine/chemokine receptor axes that have been described to drive the metastatic process. We elaborate on their role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis and immune cell recruitment at both the primary tumor lesions and the pre-metastatic foci. Furthermore, we also discuss the advantages and limits of current pharmacological strategies developed to target chemokine networks for cancer therapy.
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49
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Fan H, Wang W, Yan J, Xiao L, Yang L. Prognostic significance of CXCR7 in cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:212. [PMID: 30574021 PMCID: PMC6300004 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors. Nevertheless, whether CXCR7 can be used as a tumor prognosis marker has not been systematically assessed. The current meta-analysis was performed to obtain an accurate evaluation of the relationship between CXCR7 level and the prognosis of cancer patients. Methods Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed were systematically searched according to a defined search strategy up to June 11, 2018. Then, the required data were extracted from all qualified studies which were screened out based on the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, the hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of CXCR7 in tumor patients. Results A total of 28 original research studies comprising 33 cohorts and 5685 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that CXCR7 overexpression was significantly related to worse overall survival (OS) (HR 1.72; 95% CI 1.49–1.99), disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 5.58; 95% CI 3.16–9.85), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR 2.83; 95% CI 1.66–4.85) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR 1.58; 95% CI 1.34–1.88) in cancer patients. Furthermore, for certain types of cancer, significant associations between higher CXCR7 expression and worse OS of glioma (HR 1.77; 95% CI 1.43–2.19), breast cancer (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.28–1.63), esophageal cancer (HR 2.72; 95% CI 1.11–6.66) and pancreatic cancer (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.12–1.90) were found. However, for lung cancer and hepatocellular cancer, there was no significant relationship between CXCR7 expression level and OS, (HR 2.40; 95% CI 0.34–17.07) and (HR 1.37; 95% CI 0.84–2.24) respectively. Conclusions Increased CXCR7 level could predict poor prognosis of tumor patients and might be regarded as a novel prognostic biomarker for tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqian Fan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Yan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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50
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De la Fuente López M, Landskron G, Parada D, Dubois-Camacho K, Simian D, Martinez M, Romero D, Roa JC, Chahuán I, Gutiérrez R, Lopez-K F, Alvarez K, Kronberg U, López S, Sanguinetti A, Moreno N, Abedrapo M, González MJ, Quera R, Hermoso-R MA. The relationship between chemokines CCL2, CCL3, and CCL4 with the tumor microenvironment and tumor-associated macrophage markers in colorectal cancer. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428318810059. [PMID: 30419802 DOI: 10.1177/1010428318810059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex network of chemokines can influence cancer progression with the recruitment and activation of hematopoietic cells, including macrophages to the supporting tumor stroma promoting carcinogenesis and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between tissue and plasma chemokine levels involved in macrophage recruitment with tumor-associated macrophage profile markers and clinicopathological features such as tumor-node-metastases stage, desmoplasia, tumor necrosis factor-α, and vascular endothelial growth factor plasma content. Plasma and tumor/healthy mucosa were obtained from Chilean patients undergoing colon cancer surgery. Chemokines were evaluated from tissue lysates (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, and CX3CL1) by Luminex. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon match-paired test ( p < 0.05). Macrophage markers (CD68, CD163, and iNOS) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry samples derived from colorectal cancer patients. Correlation analysis between chemokines and macrophage markers and clinicopathological features were performed using Spearman's test. Plasmatic levels of chemokines and inflammatory mediators' vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor necrosis factor-α were evaluated by Luminex. Tumor levels of CCL2 (mean ± standard deviation = 530.1 ± 613.9 pg/mg), CCL3 (102.7 ± 106.0 pg/mg), and CCL4 (64.98 ± 48.09 pg/mg) were higher than those found in healthy tissue (182.1 ± 116.5, 26.79 ± 22.40, and 27.06 ± 23.69 pg/mg, respectively p < 0.05). The tumor characterization allowed us to identify a positive correlation between CCL4 and the pro-tumor macrophages marker CD163 ( p = 0.0443), and a negative correlation of iNOS with desmoplastic reaction ( p = 0.0467). Moreover, we identified that tumors with immature desmoplasia have a higher CD163 density compared to those with a mature/intermediated stromal tissue ( p = 0.0288). Plasmatic CCL4 has shown a positive correlation with inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor) that have previously been associated with poor prognosis in patients. In conclusion High expression of CCL4 in colon cancer could induce the infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages and specifically a pro-tumor macrophage profile (CD163+ cells). Moreover, plasmatic chemokines could be considered inflammatory mediators associated to CRC progression as well as tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor. These data reinforce the idea of chemokines as potential therapeutic targets or biomarker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie De la Fuente López
- 1 Academic Research Unit, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.,2 Innate Immunity Laboratory, Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Glauben Landskron
- 2 Innate Immunity Laboratory, Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Parada
- 2 Innate Immunity Laboratory, Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karen Dubois-Camacho
- 2 Innate Immunity Laboratory, Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Simian
- 1 Academic Research Unit, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Diego Romero
- 3 Department of Anatomic Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- 3 Department of Anatomic Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Isidora Chahuán
- 2 Innate Immunity Laboratory, Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rocío Gutiérrez
- 2 Innate Immunity Laboratory, Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Lopez-K
- 4 Laboratory of Oncology and Molecular Genetics, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karin Alvarez
- 4 Laboratory of Oncology and Molecular Genetics, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Udo Kronberg
- 4 Laboratory of Oncology and Molecular Genetics, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian López
- 5 Coloproctology Unit, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Natalia Moreno
- 5 Coloproctology Unit, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Abedrapo
- 5 Coloproctology Unit, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María-Julieta González
- 6 Program of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Quera
- 7 Gastroenterology Service, Clinica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela A Hermoso-R
- 2 Innate Immunity Laboratory, Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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