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Siswanto FM, Okukawa K, Tamura A, Oguro A, Imaoka S. Hydrogen peroxide activates APE1/Ref-1 via NF-κB and Parkin: A role in liver cancer resistance to oxidative stress. Free Radic Res 2023:1-31. [PMID: 37364176 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2229509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit an altered redox balance and aberrant redox signaling due to genetic, metabolic, and microenvironment-associated reprogramming. Persistently elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to many aspects of tumor development and progression. Emerging studies demonstrated the vital role of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 or reduction/oxidation (redox) factor 1(APE1/Ref-1) in the oxidative stress response and survival of cancer cells. APE1/Ref-1 is a multifunctional enzyme involved in the DNA damage response and functions as a redox regulator of transcription factors. We herein demonstrated that basal hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and APE1/Ref-1 expression levels were markedly higher in cancer cell lines than in non-cancerous cells. Elevated APE1/Ref-1 levels were associated with shorter survival in liver cancer patients. Mechanistically, we showed that H2O2 activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). RelA/p65 inhibited the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin, possibly by interfering with ATF4 activity. Parkin was responsible for the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of APE1/Ref-1; therefore, the H2O2-induced suppression of Parkin expression increased APE1/Ref-1 levels. The probability of survival was lower in liver cancer patients with low Parkin and high RelA expression levels. Additionally, Parkin and RelA expression levels negatively and positively correlated with APE1/Ref-1 levels, respectively, in the TCGA liver cancer cohort. We concluded that increases in APE1/Ref-1 via the NF-κB and Parkin pathways are critical for cancer cell survival under oxidative stress. The present results show the potential of the NF-κB-Parkin-APE1/Ref-1 axis as a prognostic factor and therapeutic strategy to eradicate liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferbian Milas Siswanto
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kenta Okukawa
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Tamura
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Ami Oguro
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Susumu Imaoka
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
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2
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Hai Z, Jia Q. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 mRNA level in peripheral blood neutrophils is associated with asthma. INVESTIGACIÓN CLÍNICA 2022. [DOI: 10.54817/ic.v63n4a02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a multifunc-tional key protein. Recent studies suggest APE1 is closely associated with in-flammatory response, but its role in asthma remains unknown. We recruited 116 patients with asthma, including 50 with severe asthma (NSA) and 66 with non-severe asthma (SA), and 140 controls. Serum APE1 was detected using the ELISA method. APE1 mRNA in peripheral blood neutrophils and eosinophils were detected using real-time PCR assays. Compared to healthy controls, we observed significant elevations of serum APE1 mRNA levels in peripheral neu-trophils (~1.75 folds increase, p<0.05) and eosinophils (~2.2 folds increase, p<0.05) in patients with asthma. The peripheral blood neutrophil APE1 mRNA can distinguish asthmatic patients from healthy controls with the area under the curve (AUC) 0.893 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.847-0.938 (p < 0.001). Also the APE1 mRNA can identify severe asthma from non-severe asth-ma (AUC 0.759, 95% CI, 0.674-0.846; p < 0.001). However, The serum APE1 and eosinophil mRNA levels did not correlate with asthma incidence and sever-ity. Our finding confirms the association between APE1 and asthma and sug-gests that peripheral blood neutrophil APE1 mRNA may be used as a marker for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Hai
- Department of Respiration, Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, No. 999, Shi Guang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qin Jia
- Department of Respiration, Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, No. 999, Shi Guang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China
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Qin Z, Liu Y, Zhang L, Liu J, Su X. Programming Dissipation Systems by DNA Timer for Temporally Regulating Enzyme Catalysis and Nanostructure Assembly. ACS NANO 2022; 16:14274-14283. [PMID: 36102909 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Live cells precisely control their temporal pattern in energy dissipative processes such as catalysis and assembly. Here, we demonstrate a DNA-based artificial dissipative nonequilibrium system where the transient state is controlled by the processive digestion of λ-exonuclease (λ Exo). This enzyme reaction serves as an orthogonal and independent molecular timer allowing for the programmable regulation of the transient-state lifetime. This dissipation system is concatenated to enzyme catalysis and nanostructure assembly networks. Dynamic activation of enzyme catalysis and dynamic disassembly of DNA nanotubes (DNT) are realized, and the state lifetimes of these systems are accurately encoded by the DNA timer. This work demonstrates nontrivial dissipation systems with built-in molecular timers, which can be a useful tool for developing artificial reaction networks and nanostructures with enhanced complexities and intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Qin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghao Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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Identification of Redox-Sensitive Transcription Factors as Markers of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051138. [PMID: 33799965 PMCID: PMC7961847 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a lung tumor associated with asbestos exposure, with a poor prognosis, and a difficult pharmacological approach. Asbestos exposure is very toxic for the lungs, which counteract this toxic effect by activating some antioxidant defense proteins. When these proteins are more active that in normal conditions, as in several cancers, these tumors become able to survive and resist to stress or chemotherapy. In our laboratory, we collected cellular samples of mesothelioma and non-transformed mesothelium from Hospital’s Biobank and we evaluated these proteins. Our results demonstrated these proteins are upregulated in mesothelioma cells and not in non-transformed mesothelium. This event could be associated to toxic effects evoked by asbestos exposure, highlighting the need in the future to monitor asbestos-exposed people by measuring biomarkers identified, in the attempt to identify them as possible predictive markers and potential pharmacological targets addressed to improve mesothelioma prognosis. Abstract Although asbestos has been banned in most countries around the world, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a current problem. MPM is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis, so it is crucial to identify new markers in the preventive field. Asbestos exposure induces oxidative stress and its carcinogenesis has been linked to a strong oxidative damage, event counteracted by antioxidant systems at the pulmonary level. The present study has been focused on some redox-sensitive transcription factors that regulate cellular antioxidant defense and are overexpressed in many tumors, such as Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), Ref-1 (Redox effector factor 1), and FOXM1 (Forkhead box protein M1). The research was performed in human mesothelial and MPM cells. Our results have clearly demonstrated an overexpression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 in mesothelioma towards mesothelium, and a consequent activation of downstream genes controlled by these factors, which in turn regulates antioxidant defense. This event is mediated by oxidative free radicals produced when mesothelial cells are exposed to asbestos fibers. We observed an increased expression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 towards untreated cells, confirming asbestos as the mediator of oxidative stress evoked at the mesothelium level. These factors can therefore be considered predictive biomarkers of MPM and potential pharmacological targets in the treatment of this aggressive cancer.
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Berntsen HF, Duale N, Bjørklund CG, Rangel-Huerta OD, Dyrberg K, Hofer T, Rakkestad KE, Østby G, Halsne R, Boge G, Paulsen RE, Myhre O, Ropstad E. Effects of a human-based mixture of persistent organic pollutants on the in vivo exposed cerebellum and cerebellar neuronal cultures exposed in vitro. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106240. [PMID: 33186814 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), encompassing chlorinated (Cl), brominated (Br) and perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) compounds is associated with adverse neurobehaviour in humans and animals, and is observed to cause adverse effects in nerve cell cultures. Most studies focus on single POPs, whereas studies on effects of complex mixtures are limited. We examined the effects of a mixture of 29 persistent compounds (Cl + Br + PFAA, named Total mixture), as well as 6 sub-mixtures on in vitro exposed rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Protein expression studies of cerebella from in vivo exposed mice offspring were also conducted. The selection of chemicals for the POP mixture was based on compounds being prominent in food, breast milk or blood from the Scandinavian human population. The Total mixture and sub-mixtures containing PFAAs caused greater toxicity in rat CGNs than the single or combined Cl/Br sub-mixtures, with significant impact on viability from 500x human blood levels. The potencies for these mixtures based on LC50 values were Br + PFAA mixture > Total mixture > Cl + PFAA mixture > PFAA mixture. These mixtures also accelerated induced lipid peroxidation. Protection by the competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist 3-((R)-2-Carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) indicated involvement of the NMDA receptor in PFAA and Total mixture-, but not Cl mixture-induced toxicity. Gene-expression studies in rat CGNs using a sub-toxic and marginally toxic concentration ((0.4 nM-5.5 µM) 333x and (1 nM-8.2 µM) 500x human blood levels) of the mixtures, revealed differential expression of genes involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, neurotransmission and cerebellar development, with more genes affected at the marginally toxic concentration. The two important neurodevelopmental markers Pax6 and Grin2b were downregulated at 500x human blood levels, accompanied by decreases in PAX6 and GluN2B protein levels, in cerebellum of offspring mice from mothers exposed to the Total mixture throughout pregnancy and lactation. In rat CGNs, the glutathione peroxidase gene Prdx6 and the regulatory transmembrane glycoprotein gene Sirpa were highly upregulated at both concentrations. In conclusion, our results support that early-life exposure to mixtures of POPs can cause adverse neurodevelopmental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Friis Berntsen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102 Oslo, Norway; National Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 5330 Majorstuen, 0304 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Nur Duale
- Section of Molecular Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Cesilie Granum Bjørklund
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Kine Dyrberg
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tim Hofer
- Section of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0403, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kirsten Eline Rakkestad
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1072, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gunn Østby
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ruth Halsne
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gudrun Boge
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ragnhild Elisabeth Paulsen
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1072, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Oddvar Myhre
- Section of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0403, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Erik Ropstad
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 369 sentrum, N-0102 Oslo, Norway.
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Elsakrmy N, Zhang-Akiyama QM, Ramotar D. The Base Excision Repair Pathway in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:598860. [PMID: 33344454 PMCID: PMC7744777 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.598860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exogenous and endogenous damage to the DNA is inevitable. Several DNA repair pathways including base excision, nucleotide excision, mismatch, homologous and non-homologous recombinations are conserved across all organisms to faithfully maintain the integrity of the genome. The base excision repair (BER) pathway functions to repair single-base DNA lesions and during the process creates the premutagenic apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites. In this review, we discuss the components of the BER pathway in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and delineate the different phenotypes caused by the deletion or the knockdown of the respective DNA repair gene, as well as the implications. To date, two DNA glycosylases have been identified in C. elegans, the monofunctional uracil DNA glycosylase-1 (UNG-1) and the bifunctional endonuclease III-1 (NTH-1) with associated AP lyase activity. In addition, the animal possesses two AP endonucleases belonging to the exonuclease-3 and endonuclease IV families and in C. elegans these enzymes are called EXO-3 and APN-1, respectively. In mammalian cells, the DNA polymerase, Pol beta, that is required to reinsert the correct bases for DNA repair synthesis is not found in the genome of C. elegans and the evidence indicates that this role could be substituted by DNA polymerase theta (POLQ), which is known to perform a function in the microhomology-mediated end-joining pathway in human cells. The phenotypes observed by the C. elegans mutant strains of the BER pathway raised many challenging questions including the possibility that the DNA glycosylases may have broader functional roles, as discuss in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Elsakrmy
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar
| | - Qiu-Mei Zhang-Akiyama
- Laboratory of Stress Response Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dindial Ramotar
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar
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Maynard S, Keijzers G, Akbari M, Ezra MB, Hall A, Morevati M, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Gonzalo S, Bartek J, Bohr VA. Lamin A/C promotes DNA base excision repair. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 47:11709-11728. [PMID: 31647095 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The A-type lamins (lamin A/C), encoded by the LMNA gene, are important structural components of the nuclear lamina. LMNA mutations lead to degenerative disorders known as laminopathies, including the premature aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. In addition, altered lamin A/C expression is found in various cancers. Reports indicate that lamin A/C plays a role in DNA double strand break repair, but a role in DNA base excision repair (BER) has not been described. We provide evidence for reduced BER efficiency in lamin A/C-depleted cells (Lmna null MEFs and lamin A/C-knockdown U2OS). The mechanism involves impairment of the APE1 and POLβ BER activities, partly effectuated by associated reduction in poly-ADP-ribose chain formation. Also, Lmna null MEFs displayed reduced expression of several core BER enzymes (PARP1, LIG3 and POLβ). Absence of Lmna led to accumulation of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) lesions, and to an increased frequency of substitution mutations induced by chronic oxidative stress including GC>TA transversions (a fingerprint of 8-oxoG:A mismatches). Collectively, our results provide novel insights into the functional interplay between the nuclear lamina and cellular defenses against oxidative DNA damage, with implications for cancer and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Maynard
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guido Keijzers
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mansour Akbari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Ben Ezra
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnaldur Hall
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marya Morevati
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susana Gonzalo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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8
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Zhang L, Guo J, Huang X, Wang W, Sun P, Li Y, Han J. Functionalized biochar-supported magnetic MnFe 2O 4 nanocomposite for the removal of Pb(ii) and Cd(ii). RSC Adv 2018; 9:365-376. [PMID: 35521601 PMCID: PMC9059321 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09061k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel magnetic biochar-MnFe2O4 nanocomposite (BC/FM) was prepared using low-cost corn straw and MnFe2O4 by sol-gel/pyrolyzing route using egg white, which has abundant functional groups (-NH2 and -COOH). Following that, its composition, morphology and structure was characterized by various techniques including SEM-EDX, BET, XRD, and VSM. Batch experiment of the adsorption for Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) including influence of pH, kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics was also studied. The results demonstrated that biochar could effectively support MnFe2O4, which displayed high dispersion on the surface of the biochar and possessed abundant functional groups and high surface area contributing to superior performance on Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) removal. Therein, MnFe2O4 with high magnetism is convenient for separating the magnetic BC/FM from an aqueous medium. Adsorption experiment results indicate that Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) removal by BC/FM was closely related to pH with the best value of pH 5.0, and the process reached equilibrium in 2 h. The adsorption process is well-described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Sips (Freundlich-Langmuir) model. Thermodynamic studies suggest that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. The maximum experimental adsorption capacity of BC/FM is 154.94 and 127.83 mg g-1 for Pb(ii) and Cd(ii), respectively, in single-solute system, which is higher than that of some of the other adsorbents of biochar or biochar-based composites. In bi-solute system, the preferential adsorption order of BC/FM for the two metals is Pb(ii) prior to Cd(ii). Finally, FTIR and XPS analysis verified that the main mechanism of Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) removal by BC/FM is by forming Pb/Cd-O or complexation of carboxyl and hydroxyl and ion exchange. Therefore, the prepared magnetic BC/FM composite, as an excellent adsorbent, exhibited potential applications for the removal of Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianke Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710055 PR China +86-472-5951568 +86-472-5951657
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou 014010 PR China
| | - Jinyue Guo
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou 014010 PR China
| | - Xuemin Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710055 PR China +86-472-5951568 +86-472-5951657
| | - Weida Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou 014010 PR China
| | - Peng Sun
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou 014010 PR China
| | - Yumei Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou 014010 PR China
| | - Jianhong Han
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou 014010 PR China
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Bamberger SN, Malik CK, Voehler MW, Brown SK, Pan H, Johnson-Salyard TL, Rizzo CJ, Stone MP. Configurational and Conformational Equilibria of N 6-(2-Deoxy-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-2,6-diamino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-5- N-methylformamidopyrimidine (MeFapy-dG) Lesion in DNA. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:924-935. [PMID: 30169026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The most common lesion in DNA occurring due to clinical treatment with Temozolomide or cellular exposures to other methylating agents is 7-methylguanine (N7-Me-dG). It can undergo a secondary reaction to form N6-(2-deoxy-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-2,6-diamino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-5- N-methylformamidopyrimidine (MeFapy-dG). MeFapy-dG undergoes epimerization in DNA to produce either α or β deoxyribose anomers. Additionally, conformational rotation around the formyl bond, C5- N5 bond, and glycosidic bond may occur. To characterize and quantitate the mixture of these isomers in DNA, a 13C-MeFapy-dG lesion, in which the CH3 group of the MeFapy-dG was isotopically labeled, was incorporated into the trimer 5'-TXT-3' and the dodecamer 5'-CATXATGACGCT-3' (X = 13C-MeFapy-dG). NMR spectroscopy of both the trimer and dodecamer revealed that the MeFapy-dG lesion exists in single strand DNA as ten configurationally and conformationally discrete species, eight of which may be unequivocally assigned. In the duplex dodecamer, the MeFapy-dG lesion exists as six configurationally and conformationally discrete species. Analyses of NMR data in the single strand trimer confirm that for each deoxyribose anomer, atropisomerism occurs around the C5- N5 bond to produce R a and S a atropisomers. Each atropisomer exhibits geometrical isomerism about the formyl bond yielding E and Z conformations. 1H NMR experiments allow the relative abundances of the species to be determined. For the single strand trimer, the α and β anomers exist in a 3:7 ratio, favoring the β anomer. For the β anomer, with respect to the C5- N5 bond, the R a and S a atropisomers are equally populated. However, the Z geometrical isomer of the formyl moiety is preferred. For the α anomer, the E- S a isomer is present at 12%, whereas all other isomers are present at 5-7%. DNA processing enzymes may differentially recognize different isomers of the MeFapy-dG lesion. Moreover, DNA sequence-specific differences in the populations of configurational and conformational species may modulate biological responses to the MeFapy-dG lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie N Bamberger
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Chanchal K Malik
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Markus W Voehler
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Summer K Brown
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Hope Pan
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Tracy L Johnson-Salyard
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Carmelo J Rizzo
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Michael P Stone
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
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10
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Genomic Approach to Understand the Association of DNA Repair with Longevity and Healthy Aging Using Genomic Databases of Oldest-Old Population. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2984730. [PMID: 29854078 PMCID: PMC5960555 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2984730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aged population is increasing worldwide due to the aging process that is inevitable. Accordingly, longevity and healthy aging have been spotlighted to promote social contribution of aged population. Many studies in the past few decades have reported the process of aging and longevity, emphasizing the importance of maintaining genomic stability in exceptionally long-lived population. Underlying reason of longevity remains unclear due to its complexity involving multiple factors. With advances in sequencing technology and human genome-associated approaches, studies based on population-based genomic studies are increasing. In this review, we summarize recent longevity and healthy aging studies of human population focusing on DNA repair as a major factor in maintaining genome integrity. To keep pace with recent growth in genomic research, aging- and longevity-associated genomic databases are also briefly introduced. To suggest novel approaches to investigate longevity-associated genetic variants related to DNA repair using genomic databases, gene set analysis was conducted, focusing on DNA repair- and longevity-associated genes. Their biological networks were additionally analyzed to grasp major factors containing genetic variants of human longevity and healthy aging in DNA repair mechanisms. In summary, this review emphasizes DNA repair activity in human longevity and suggests approach to conduct DNA repair-associated genomic study on human healthy aging.
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Hernández-Franco P, Silva M, Franco R, Valverde M, Rojas E. Lead facilitates foci formation in a Balb/c-3T3 two-step cell transformation model: role of Ape1 function. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:12150-12158. [PMID: 29455351 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Several possible mechanisms have been examined to gain an understanding on the carcinogenic properties of lead, which include among others, mitogenesis, alteration of gene expression, oxidative damage, and inhibition of DNA repair. The aim of the present study was to explore if low concentrations of lead, relevant for human exposure, interfere with Ape1 function, a base excision repair enzyme, and its role in cell transformation in Balb/c-3T3. Lead acetate 5 and 30 μM induced APE1 mRNA and upregulation of protein expression. This increase in mRNA expression is consistent throughout the chronic exposure. Additionally, we also found an impaired function of Ape1 through molecular beacon-based assay. To evaluate the impact of lead on foci formation, a Balb/c-3T3 two-step transformation model was used. Balb/c-3T3 cells were pretreated 1 week with low concentrations of lead before induction of transformation with n-methyl-n-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) (0.5 μg/mL) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (0.1 μg/mL) (a classical two-step protocol). Morphological cell transformation increased in response to lead pretreatment that was paralleled with an increase in Ape1 mRNA and protein overexpression and an impairment of Ape1 activity and correlating with foci number. In addition, we found that lead pretreatment and MNNG (transformation initiator) increased DNA damage, determined by comet assay. Our data suggest that low lead concentrations (5, 30 μM) could play a facilitating role in cellular transformation, probably through the impaired function of housekeeping genes such as Ape1, leading to DNA damage accumulation and chromosomal instability, one of the most important hallmarks of cancer induced by chronic exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Hernández-Franco
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Martín Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Mahara Valverde
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Emilio Rojas
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico, Mexico.
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Zeng P, Guo Z, Xiao X, Cao X, Peng C. Response to cadmium and phytostabilization potential of Platycladus orientalis in contaminated soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:1337-1345. [PMID: 30666894 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1501338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tolerance characteristics and phytostabilization potential of Platycladus orientalis grown in soil contaminated by cadmium (Cd) were studied using a greenhouse experiment. The results showed that the ornamental plant P. orientalis had high tolerance for Cd in contaminated soil at 24.6 mg·kg-1 and its physiological activities were slightly affected after 203 days (d) of cultivation. Moreover, Cd in soil at 9.6 mg·kg-1 was beneficial for P. orientalis growth, and the total biomass after 203 d cultivation was significantly (p < 0.05) increased by 35.03%, while the contents of chlorophyl a, chlorophyl b and carotenoid in leaves also increased by 20.84%, 44.06% and 28.25% compared to the control, respectively. Meanwhile, the Cd content in the tissues of P. orientalis was increased with both plant growth and the Cd content in the soil. The uptake of Cd in P. orientalis roots was greater than in shoots, with the Cd content in roots reaching 41.45 mg·kg-1. P. orientalis, an ornamental plant, that accumulates Cd predominantly in its roots, can be suggested as a promising plant for phytostabilization in Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Xia Cao
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Chi Peng
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , China
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Yamasaki M, Saito N, Hada Y, Miyamoto S, Okanobu H, Ikeda N, Daido W, Ishiyama S, Deguchi N, Taniwaki M, Ohashi N. Nivolumab Therapy for Synchronous ALK-Positive Lung Cancer and Gastric Cancer. Case Rep Oncol 2017; 10:361-367. [PMID: 28559820 PMCID: PMC5436064 DOI: 10.1159/000470830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nivolumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy against several malignant tumors. Alterations in driver oncogenes such as EGFR and ALK are a poor prognostic factor in nivolumab therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whereas a smoking history is a well-known, favorable prognostic factor. However, an efficacy of nivolumab therapy for multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) has not been reported, and its efficacy for driver oncogene-positive NSCLC in smokers is unclear. Herein, we report the case of a patient with a history of heavy smoking who developed synchronous ALK-positive NSCLC and gastric cancer that responded to nivolumab therapy. A 76-year-old man who was a heavy smoker presented to our hospital with symptoms of hoarseness and dysphagia. He was ultimately diagnosed with ALK-positive advanced NSCLC. An ALK inhibitor (alectinib) was administered, and the lung cancer lesions showed improvement. The alectinib therapy was continued for 5 months. Thereafter, the lesions in the left lower lobe of the lung showed regrowth. During the same period, the patient experienced epigastric pain. Gastrointestinal endoscopy examination revealed gastric cancer. He was administered nivolumab to treat both the lung cancer and the gastric cancer. Two months later, both the lung lesions and the gastric lesions had diminished in size. Nivolumab therapy might be an effective therapy for synchronous MPMTs and NSCLC in heavy smokers, even if the lung cancer possesses driver oncogene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamasaki
- aDepartment of Respiratory Disease, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naomi Saito
- aDepartment of Respiratory Disease, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yu Hada
- bDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sayaka Miyamoto
- bDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideharu Okanobu
- bDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoya Ikeda
- cDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Wakako Daido
- aDepartment of Respiratory Disease, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ishiyama
- aDepartment of Respiratory Disease, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoko Deguchi
- aDepartment of Respiratory Disease, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masaya Taniwaki
- aDepartment of Respiratory Disease, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ohashi
- aDepartment of Respiratory Disease, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.,dOhashi Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
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Altered Secretory Activity of APE1/Ref-1 D148E Variants Identified in Human Patients With Bladder Cancer. Int Neurourol J 2016; 20:S30-37. [PMID: 27230458 PMCID: PMC4895906 DOI: 10.5213/inj.1632600.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein involved in DNA repair and redox modulation. Recently, serum and urinary APE1/Ref-1 levels were reported to be increased in patients with bladder cancer. Genetic variations of APE/Ref-1 are associated with the risk of cancer. However, the effect of APE1/Ref-1 variants on its secretory activity is yet unknown. Methods: APE1/Ref-1 variants were evaluated by DNA sequencing analysis of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction products in coding DNA sequences (CDS) of APE1/Ref-1 in bladder tissue samples from patients with bladder cancer (n=10). Secretory activity of APE1/Ref-1 variants was evaluated with immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the culture medium supernatants. Results: Four different substitution mutants (D148E, I64V/D148E, W67R/D148E, and E86G/D148E) of APE1/Ref-1 were identified in bladder cancer specimens. However, deletion mutants of APE1/Ref-1 CDS were not found. The secretory activity of the APE1/Ref-1 variants (D148E, I64V/D148E, and E86G/D148E) was increased compared to that of wild type APE1/Ref-1. Furthermore, the secretory activity in basal or hyperacetylated conditions was much higher than that in APE1/Ref-1 D148E-transfected HEK293 cells. Conclusions: Taken together, our data suggest that the increased secretory activity of D148E might contribute to increased serum levels of APE1/Ref-1 in patients with bladder cancer.
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Mikhed Y, Görlach A, Knaus UG, Daiber A. Redox regulation of genome stability by effects on gene expression, epigenetic pathways and DNA damage/repair. Redox Biol 2015; 5:275-289. [PMID: 26079210 PMCID: PMC4475862 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (e.g. H2O2, nitric oxide) confer redox regulation of essential cellular signaling pathways such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. In addition, classical regulation of gene expression or activity, including gene transcription to RNA followed by translation to the protein level, by transcription factors (e.g. NF-κB, HIF-1α) and mRNA binding proteins (e.g. GAPDH, HuR) is subject to redox regulation. This review will give an update of recent discoveries in this field, and specifically highlight the impact of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on DNA repair systems that contribute to genomic stability. Emphasis will be placed on the emerging role of redox mechanisms regulating epigenetic pathways (e.g. miRNA, DNA methylation and histone modifications). By providing clinical correlations we discuss how oxidative stress can impact on gene regulation/activity and vise versa, how epigenetic processes, other gene regulatory mechanisms and DNA repair can influence the cellular redox state and contribute or prevent development or progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Mikhed
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Agnes Görlach
- German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andreas Daiber
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Their Role in Age-Related Vascular Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15918-53. [PMID: 26184181 PMCID: PMC4519931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is significantly increased in the older population. Risk factors and predictors of future cardiovascular events such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, or diabetes are observed with higher frequency in elderly individuals. A major determinant of vascular aging is endothelial dysfunction, characterized by impaired endothelium-dependent signaling processes. Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress, loss of nitric oxide (•NO) signaling, loss of endothelial barrier function and infiltration of leukocytes to the vascular wall, explaining the low-grade inflammation characteristic for the aged vasculature. We here discuss the importance of different sources of ROS for vascular aging and their contribution to the increased cardiovascular risk in the elderly population with special emphasis on mitochondrial ROS formation and oxidative damage of mitochondrial DNA. Also the interaction (crosstalk) of mitochondria with nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases is highlighted. Current concepts of vascular aging, consequences for the development of cardiovascular events and the particular role of ROS are evaluated on the basis of cell culture experiments, animal studies and clinical trials. Present data point to a more important role of oxidative stress for the maximal healthspan (healthy aging) than for the maximal lifespan.
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