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Ahmad K, Shaikh S, Chun HJ, Ali S, Lim JH, Ahmad SS, Lee EJ, Choi I. Extracellular matrix: the critical contributor to skeletal muscle regeneration-a comprehensive review. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:58. [PMID: 38008778 PMCID: PMC10680355 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00308-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The regenerative ability of skeletal muscle (SM) in response to damage, injury, or disease is a highly intricate process that involves the coordinated activities of multiple cell types and biomolecular factors. Of these, extracellular matrix (ECM) is considered a fundamental component of SM regenerative ability. This review briefly discusses SM myogenesis and regeneration, the roles played by muscle satellite cells (MSCs), other cells, and ECM components, and the effects of their dysregulations on these processes. In addition, we review the various types of ECM scaffolds and biomaterials used for SM regeneration, their applications, recent advances in ECM scaffold research, and their impacts on tissue engineering and SM regeneration, especially in the context of severe muscle injury, which frequently results in substantial muscle loss and impaired regenerative capacity. This review was undertaken to provide a comprehensive overview of SM myogenesis and regeneration, the stem cells used for muscle regeneration, the significance of ECM in SM regeneration, and to enhance understanding of the essential role of the ECM scaffold during SM regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chun
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Shahid Ali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
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2
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Razzaq SS, Khan I, Naeem N, Salim A, Begum S, Haneef K. Overexpression of GATA binding protein 4 and myocyte enhancer factor 2C induces differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into cardiac-like cells. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:700-713. [PMID: 36188117 PMCID: PMC9516467 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i9.700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart diseases are the primary cause of death all over the world. Following myocardial infarction, billions of cells die, resulting in a huge loss of cardiac function. Stem cell-based therapies have appeared as a new area to support heart regeneration. The transcription factors GATA binding protein 4 (GATA-4) and myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) are considered prominent factors in the development of the cardiovascular system.
AIM To explore the potential of GATA-4 and MEF2C for the cardiac differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs).
METHODS hUC-MSCs were characterized morphologically and immunologically by the presence of specific markers of MSCs via immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, and by their potential to differentiate into osteocytes and adipocytes. hUC-MSCs were transfected with GATA-4, MEF2C, and their combination to direct the differentiation. Cardiac differentiation was confirmed by semiquantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry.
RESULTS hUC-MSCs expressed specific cell surface markers CD105, CD90, CD44, and vimentin but lack the expression of CD45. The transcription factors GATA-4 and MEF2C, and their combination induced differentiation in hUC-MSCs with significant expression of cardiac genes i.e., GATA-4, MEF2C, NK2 homeobox 5 (NKX2.5), MHC, and connexin-43, and cardiac proteins GATA-4, NKX2.5, cardiac troponin T, and connexin-43.
CONCLUSION Transfection with GATA-4, MEF2C, and their combination effectively induces cardiac differentiation in hUC-MSCs. These genetically modified MSCs could be a promising treatment option for heart diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Saima Razzaq
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Naeem
- Dow Research Institute of Biotechnology & Biomedical Sciences (DRIBBS), Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Ojha Campus, Karachi 75200, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Begum
- Stem Cells Research Laboratory (SCRL), Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Haneef
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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3
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Im GB, Kim YG, Jo IS, Yoo TY, Kim SW, Park HS, Hyeon T, Yi GR, Bhang SH. Effect of polystyrene nanoplastics and their degraded forms on stem cell fate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128411. [PMID: 35149489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have examined the effects of micro- and nanoplastics on microbes, cells, and the environment. However, only a few studies have examined their effects-especially, those of their reduced cohesiveness-on cell viability and physiology. We synthesized surfactant-free amine-functionalized polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles (NPs) and PS-NPs with decreased crosslinking density (DPS-NPs) without changing other factors, such as size, shape, and zeta potential and examined their effects on cell viability and physiology. PS- and DPS-NPs exhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity by upregulating GPX3 expression and downregulating HSP70 (ROS-related gene) and XBP1 (endoplasmic reticulum stress-related gene) expression in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). Additionally, they led to upregulation of MFN2 (mitochondrial fusion related gene) expression and downregulation of FIS1 (mitochondrial fission related gene) expression, indicating enhanced mitochondrial fusion in hBM-MSCs. Cell-cycle analysis revealed that PS- and DPS-NPs increased the proportion of cells in the S phase, indicating that they promoted cell proliferation and, specifically, the adipogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs. However, the cytotoxicity of DPS-NPs against hBM-MSCs was higher than that of PS-NPs after long-term treatment under adipogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang-Bum Im
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Geon Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Seong Jo
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Pessac, France
| | - Tae Yong Yoo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Su Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ra Yi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Alarcin E, Bal-Öztürk A, Avci H, Ghorbanpoor H, Dogan Guzel F, Akpek A, Yesiltas G, Canak-Ipek T, Avci-Adali M. Current Strategies for the Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5929. [PMID: 34072959 PMCID: PMC8198586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries, tumor resections, and degenerative diseases can damage skeletal muscle and lead to functional impairment and severe disability. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process that depends on various cell types, signaling molecules, architectural cues, and physicochemical properties to be successful. To promote muscle repair and regeneration, various strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering have been developed in the last decades. However, there is still a high demand for the development of new methods and materials that promote skeletal muscle repair and functional regeneration to bring approaches closer to therapies in the clinic that structurally and functionally repair muscle. The combination of stem cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules is used to induce skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we provide an overview of different cell types used to treat skeletal muscle injury, highlight current strategies in biomaterial-based approaches, the importance of topography for the successful creation of functional striated muscle fibers, and discuss novel methods for muscle regeneration and challenges for their future clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Ayca Bal-Öztürk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avci
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Research Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hamed Ghorbanpoor
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Dogan Guzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Ali Akpek
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gözde Yesiltas
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Tuba Canak-Ipek
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
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Padma AM, Carrière L, Krokström Karlsson F, Sehic E, Bandstein S, Tiemann TT, Oltean M, Song MJ, Brännström M, Hellström M. Towards a bioengineered uterus: bioactive sheep uterus scaffolds are effectively recellularized by enzymatic preconditioning. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:26. [PMID: 34021161 PMCID: PMC8140118 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine factor infertility was considered incurable until recently when we reported the first successful live birth after uterus transplantation. However, risky donor surgery and immunosuppressive therapy are factors that may be avoided with bioengineering. For example, transplanted recellularized constructs derived from decellularized tissue restored fertility in rodent models and mandate translational studies. In this study, we decellularized whole sheep uterus with three different protocols using 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2% sodium deoxycholate (SDC) or 2% SDC, and 1% Triton X-100. Scaffolds were then assessed for bioactivity using the dorsal root ganglion and chorioallantoic membrane assays, and we found that all the uterus scaffolds exhibited growth factor activity that promoted neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Extensive recellularization optimization was conducted using multipotent sheep fetal stem cells and we report results from the following three in vitro conditions; (a) standard cell culturing conditions, (b) constructs cultured in transwells, and (c) scaffolds preconditioned with matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9. The recellularization efficiency was improved short-term when transwells were used compared with standard culturing conditions. However, the recellularization efficiency in scaffolds preconditioned with matrix metalloproteinases was 200–300% better than the other strategies evaluated herein, independent of decellularization protocol. Hence, a major recellularization hurdle has been overcome with the improved recellularization strategies and in vitro platforms described herein. These results are an important milestone and should facilitate the production of large bioengineered grafts suitable for future in vivo applications in the sheep, which is an essential step before considering these principles in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Manikantan Padma
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Laura Carrière
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frida Krokström Karlsson
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Edina Sehic
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara Bandstein
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tom Tristan Tiemann
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mihai Oltean
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Min Jong Song
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mats Brännström
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Stockholm IVF-EUGIN, Hammarby allé 93, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Hellström
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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6
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Guide Cells Support Muscle Regeneration and Affect Neuro-Muscular Junction Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041939. [PMID: 33669272 PMCID: PMC7920023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular regeneration is a complex biological process that occurs during acute injury and chronic degeneration, implicating several cell types. One of the earliest events of muscle regeneration is the inflammatory response, followed by the activation and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells. However, the process of novel neuromuscular junction formation during muscle regeneration is still largely unexplored. Here, we identify by single-cell RNA sequencing and isolate a subset of vessel-associated cells able to improve myogenic differentiation. We termed them 'guide' cells because of their remarkable ability to improve myogenesis without fusing with the newly formed fibers. In vitro, these cells showed a marked mobility and ability to contact the forming myotubes. We found that these cells are characterized by CD44 and CD34 surface markers and the expression of Ng2 and Ncam2. In addition, in a murine model of acute muscle injury and regeneration, injection of guide cells correlated with increased numbers of newly formed neuromuscular junctions. Thus, we propose that guide cells modulate de novo generation of neuromuscular junctions in regenerating myofibers. Further studies are necessary to investigate the origin of those cells and the extent to which they are required for terminal specification of regenerating myofibers.
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7
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Siemionow M, Szilagyi E, Cwykiel J, Domaszewska-Szostek A, Heydemann A, Garcia-Martinez J, Siemionow K. Transplantation of Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric Human Cells of Myoblast/Mesenchymal Stem Cell Origin Improves Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Model. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:190-202. [PMID: 33349121 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal X-linked disorder caused by mutations in dystrophin gene. Currently, there is no cure for DMD. Cell therapies are challenged by limited engraftment and rejection. Thus, more effective and safer therapeutic approaches are needed for DMD. We previously reported increased dystrophin expression correlating with improved function after transplantation of dystrophin expressing chimeric (DEC) cells of myoblast origin in the mdx mouse models of DMD. This study established new DEC cell line of myoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) origin and tested its efficacy and therapeutic potential in mdx/scid mouse model of DMD. Fifteen ex vivo cell fusions of allogenic human myoblast [normal myoblasts (MBN)] and normal human bone marrow-derived MSC (MSCN) from normal donors were performed using polyethylene glycol. Flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-short tandem repeats, polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe assessed chimeric state of fused MBN/MSCN DEC cells, whereas Comet assay assessed fusion procedure safety testing genotoxicity. Immunofluorescence and real-time PCR assessed dystrophin expression and myogenic differentiation. Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) evaluated DEC's immunogenicity. To test MBN/MSCN DEC efficacy in vivo, gastrocnemius muscle of mdx/scid mice were injected with vehicle (n = 12), nonfused MBN and MSCN (n = 9, 0.25 × 106/each) or MBN/MSCN DEC (n = 9, 0.5 × 106). Animals were evaluated for 90 days using ex vivo and in vivo muscle strength tests. Histology and immunofluorescence staining assessed dystrophin expression, centrally nucleated fibers and scar tissue formation. Post-fusion, MBN/MSCN DEC chimeric state, myogenic differentiation, and dystrophin expression were confirmed. MLR reveled reduced DEC's immune response compared with controls (P < 0.05). At 90 days post-DEC transplant, increase in dystrophin expression (20.26% ± 2.5%, P < 0.05) correlated with improved muscle strength and function in mdx/scid mice. The created human MBN/MSCN DEC cell line introduces novel therapeutic approach combining myogenic and immunomodulatory properties of MB and MSC, and as such may open a universal approach for muscle regeneration in DMD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Fusion
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dystrophin/genetics
- Dystrophin/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Hybrid Cells/cytology
- Hybrid Cells/metabolism
- Hybrid Cells/transplantation
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Mice, SCID
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/therapy
- Myoblasts/cytology
- Myoblasts/metabolism
- Stem Cell Transplantation/methods
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Siemionow
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erzsebet Szilagyi
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joanna Cwykiel
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anna Domaszewska-Szostek
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Center Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ahlke Heydemann
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jesus Garcia-Martinez
- Department of Clinical Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Krzysztof Siemionow
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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8
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Khazaei S, De Jay N, Deshmukh S, Hendrikse LD, Jawhar W, Chen CCL, Mikael LG, Faury D, Marchione DM, Lanoix J, Bonneil É, Ishii T, Jain SU, Rossokhata K, Sihota TS, Eveleigh R, Lisi V, Harutyunyan AS, Jung S, Karamchandani J, Dickson BC, Turcotte R, Wunder JS, Thibault P, Lewis PW, Garcia BA, Mack SC, Taylor MD, Garzia L, Kleinman CL, Jabado N. H3.3 G34W Promotes Growth and Impedes Differentiation of Osteoblast-Like Mesenchymal Progenitors in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:1968-1987. [PMID: 32967858 PMCID: PMC7710565 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycine 34-to-tryptophan (G34W) substitutions in H3.3 arise in approximately 90% of giant cell tumor of bone (GCT). Here, we show H3.3 G34W is necessary for tumor formation. By profiling the epigenome, transcriptome, and secreted proteome of patient samples and tumor-derived cells CRISPR-Cas9-edited for H3.3 G34W, we show that H3.3K36me3 loss on mutant H3.3 alters the deposition of the repressive H3K27me3 mark from intergenic to genic regions, beyond areas of H3.3 deposition. This promotes redistribution of other chromatin marks and aberrant transcription, altering cell fate in mesenchymal progenitors and hindering differentiation. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals that H3.3 G34W stromal cells recapitulate a neoplastic trajectory from a SPP1+ osteoblast-like progenitor population toward an ACTA2+ myofibroblast-like population, which secretes extracellular matrix ligands predicted to recruit and activate osteoclasts. Our findings suggest that H3.3 G34W leads to GCT by sustaining a transformed state in osteoblast-like progenitors, which promotes neoplastic growth, pathologic recruitment of giant osteoclasts, and bone destruction. SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows that H3.3 G34W drives GCT tumorigenesis through aberrant epigenetic remodeling, altering differentiation trajectories in mesenchymal progenitors. H3.3 G34W promotes in neoplastic stromal cells an osteoblast-like progenitor state that enables undue interactions with the tumor microenvironment, driving GCT pathogenesis. These epigenetic changes may be amenable to therapeutic targeting in GCT.See related commentary by Licht, p. 1794.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1775.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Khazaei
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas De Jay
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shriya Deshmukh
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liam D Hendrikse
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wajih Jawhar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carol C L Chen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Leonie G Mikael
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damien Faury
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dylan M Marchione
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joel Lanoix
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Éric Bonneil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Takeaki Ishii
- Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Siddhant U Jain
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Tianna S Sihota
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Eveleigh
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Lisi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ashot S Harutyunyan
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sungmi Jung
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jason Karamchandani
- Department of Pathology, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brendan C Dickson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Turcotte
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jay S Wunder
- University of Toronto Musculoskeletal Oncology Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pierre Thibault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter W Lewis
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen C Mack
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Livia Garzia
- Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claudia L Kleinman
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Sigmarsdóttir Þ, McGarrity S, Rolfsson Ó, Yurkovich JT, Sigurjónsson ÓE. Current Status and Future Prospects of Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling to Optimize the Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:239. [PMID: 32296688 PMCID: PMC7136564 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are a promising source for externally grown tissue replacements and patient-specific immunomodulatory treatments. This promise has not yet been fulfilled in part due to production scaling issues and the need to maintain the correct phenotype after re-implantation. One aspect of extracorporeal growth that may be manipulated to optimize cell growth and differentiation is metabolism. The metabolism of MSCs changes during and in response to differentiation and immunomodulatory changes. MSC metabolism may be linked to functional differences but how this occurs and influences MSC function remains unclear. Understanding how MSC metabolism relates to cell function is however important as metabolite availability and environmental circumstances in the body may affect the success of implantation. Genome-scale constraint based metabolic modeling can be used as a tool to fill gaps in knowledge of MSC metabolism, acting as a framework to integrate and understand various data types (e.g., genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic). These approaches have long been used to optimize the growth and productivity of bacterial production systems and are being increasingly used to provide insights into human health research. Production of tissue for implantation using MSCs requires both optimized production of cell mass and the understanding of the patient and phenotype specific metabolic situation. This review considers the current knowledge of MSC metabolism and how it may be optimized along with the current and future uses of genome scale constraint based metabolic modeling to further this aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Þóra Sigmarsdóttir
- The Blood Bank, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sarah McGarrity
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Óttar Rolfsson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Ólafur E. Sigurjónsson
- The Blood Bank, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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10
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Bao M, Zhang K, Wei Y, Hua W, Gao Y, Li X, Ye L. Therapeutic potentials and modulatory mechanisms of fatty acids in bone. Cell Prolif 2019; 53:e12735. [PMID: 31797479 PMCID: PMC7046483 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is a lifelong process that includes bone formation and resorption. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are the predominant cell types associated with bone metabolism, which is facilitated by other cells such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), osteocytes and chondrocytes. As an important component in our daily diet, fatty acids are mainly categorized as long‐chain fatty acids including polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFAs), saturated fatty acids (LCSFAs), medium‐/short‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs/SCFAs) as well as their metabolites. Fatty acids are closely associated with bone metabolism and associated bone disorders. In this review, we summarized the important roles and potential therapeutic implications of fatty acids in multiple bone disorders, reviewed the diverse range of critical effects displayed by fatty acids on bone metabolism, and elucidated their modulatory roles and mechanisms on specific bone cell types. The evidence supporting close implications of fatty acids in bone metabolism and disorders suggests fatty acids as potential therapeutic and nutritional agents for the treatment and prevention of metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyue Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangyini Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihan Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanzi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Liu X, Zheng L, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Chen P, Xiao W. BMSC Transplantation Aggravates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Fibrosis and Impairs Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Front Physiol 2019; 10:87. [PMID: 30814953 PMCID: PMC6382023 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contusion is one of the most common muscle injuries in sports medicine and traumatology. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has been proposed as a promising strategy to promote skeletal muscle regeneration. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of BMSCs in the regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration are still not completely clear. Here, we investigated the role of BMSC transplantation after muscle contusion. BMSCs were immediately transplanted into gastrocnemius muscles (GMs) following direct contusion. Comprehensive morphological and genetic analyses were performed after BMSC transplantation. BMSC transplantation exacerbated muscle fibrosis and inflammation, as evidenced by increased leukocyte and macrophage infiltration, increased inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and increased matrix metalloproteinases. BMSC transplantation also increased muscle oxidative stress. Overall, BMSC transplantation aggravated inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis and impaired skeletal muscle regeneration. These results, shed new light on the role of BMSCs in regenerative medicine and indicate that caution is needed in the application of BMSCs for muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifang Zheng
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongzhan Zhou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijie Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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12
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Laowanitwattana T, Aungsuchawan S, Narakornsak S, Markmee R, Tancharoen W, Keawdee J, Boonma N, Tasuya W, Peerapapong L, Pangjaidee N, Pothacharoen P. Osteoblastic differentiation potential of human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells in different culture conditions. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:701-712. [PMID: 30078494 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone degenerative disease characterized by a decrease in bone strength and an alteration in the osseous micro-architecture causing an increase in the risk of fractures. These diseases usually happen in post-menopausal women and elderly men. The most common treatment involves anti-resorptive agent drugs. However, the inhibition of bone resorption alone is not adequate for recovery in patients at the severe stage of osteoporosis who already have a fracture. Therefore, the combination of utilizing osteoblast micro mimetic scaffold in cultivation with the stimulation of osteoblastic differentiations to regain bone formation is a treatment strategy of considerable interest. The aims of this current study are to investigate the osteoblastic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human amniotic fluid and to compare the monolayer culture and scaffold culture conditions. The results showed the morphology of cells in human amniotic fluid as f-type, which is a typical cell shape of mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, the proliferation rate of cells in human amniotic fluid reached the highest peak after 14 days of culturing. After which time, the growth rate slowly decreased. Moreover, the positive expression of specific mesenchymal cell surface markers including CD44, CD73, CD90, and also HLA-ABC (MHC class I) were recorded. On the other hand, the negative expressions of the endothelial stem cells markers (CD31), the hematopoietic stem cells markers (CD34, 45), the amniotic stem cells markers (CD117), and also the HLA-DR (MHC class II) were also recorded. The expressions of osteoblastogenic related genes including OCN, COL1A1, and ALP were higher in the osteogenic-induced group when compared to the control group. Interestingly, the osteoblastogenic related gene expressions that occurred under scaffold culture conditions were superior to the monolayer culture conditions. Additionally, higher ALP activity and greater calcium deposition were recorded in the extracellular matrix in the osteogenic-induced group than in the culture in the scaffold group. In summary, the mesenchymal stem cells derived from human amniotic fluid can be induced to be differentiated into osteoblastic-like cells and can promote osteoblastic differentiation using the applied scaffold.
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13
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Fitzsimmons REB, Mazurek MS, Soos A, Simmons CA. Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:8031718. [PMID: 30210552 PMCID: PMC6120267 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8031718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As a result of over five decades of investigation, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a versatile and frequently utilized cell source in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In this review, we summarize the history of MSC research from the initial discovery of their multipotency to the more recent recognition of their perivascular identity in vivo and their extraordinary capacity for immunomodulation and angiogenic signaling. As well, we discuss long-standing questions regarding their developmental origins and their capacity for differentiation toward a range of cell lineages. We also highlight important considerations and potential risks involved with their isolation, ex vivo expansion, and clinical use. Overall, this review aims to serve as an overview of the breadth of research that has demonstrated the utility of MSCs in a wide range of clinical contexts and continues to unravel the mechanisms by which these cells exert their therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross E. B. Fitzsimmons
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G9
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
| | - Matthew S. Mazurek
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4Z6
| | - Agnes Soos
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G9
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
| | - Craig A. Simmons
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G9
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G8
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14
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Huang M, Cheng Y, Zeng J, Su X, Liu H. Inhibin α‐subunit inhibits BMP9‐induced osteogenic differentiation through blocking BMP/Smad signal and activating NF‐κB signal in mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8271-8281. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ya‐Lin Cheng
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ji‐Tao Zeng
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiao‐Ya Su
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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15
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Lv Y, Liu B, Liu Y, Wang H, Wang H. TGF-β1 combined with Sal-B promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5359-5364. [PMID: 29904415 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and salvianolic acid B (Sal-B) are key signaling factors for stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes (CMs). The present study compared the biological effect of TGF-β1 and Sal-B, alone or in combination, on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) that differentiate into myocardial-like cells in a simulated myocardial microenvironment in vitro. BMSCs were isolated from bones of limbs of 10 male Sprague Dawley rats and cultured. The 2nd-generation BMSCs were co-incubated with TGF-β1 and Sal-B, alone or in combination, for 72 h. The control group was BMSCs cultured without any inductive substance. The levels GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) and homeobox protein NKx2.5 were determined by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate α-sarcomeric actin and cardiac troponin I (cTNI) as cardiomyogenic differentiation markers. The ultrastructure of BMSCs in each group was also observed. BMSCs were initially spindle-shaped with irregular processes. The cells gradually increased in number 24 h post-inoculation and proliferated 7 days later. Compared with the control group, BMSCs in the treatment groups had fusiform shapes, orientating with one accord and were connected with adjoining cells forming myotube-like structures on day 28. The morphology and architecture/myotubes of BMSCs was similar among the treatment groups, but the amount of cells in the combined group was comparatively higher. The results of immunofluorescence staining revealed the expression of the CM-specific proteins α-sarcomeric actin and cTNI in these cells. The expression of these cardiac-specific markers in the combined group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.01 or P<0.05). In addition, the transcriptional expression of GATA4 and NKx2.5 in the treatment groups was stable and significantly higher than that in the control group on day 7. Transmission electron microscopy showed that BMSCs in the treatment groups all had myofilaments, rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in the cytoplasm when compared with the control group. Taken together, these results indicated that the combination of TGF-β1 and Sal-B effectively promotes cardiomyogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro and their application may represent a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lv
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, P.R. China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, P.R. China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, P.R. China
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16
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Supplementation with IL-6 and Muscle Cell Culture Conditioned Media Enhances Myogenic Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells through STAT3 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061557. [PMID: 29882916 PMCID: PMC6032255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature skeletal muscle cells cannot be expanded in culture systems. Therefore, it is difficult to construct an in vitro model for muscle diseases. To establish an efficient protocol for myogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs), we investigated whether addition of IL-6 and/or myocyte-conditioned media (CM) to conventional differentiation media can shorten the differentiation period. hADSCs were differentiated to myocytes using the conventional protocol or modified with the addition of 25 pg/mL IL-6 and/or C2C12 CM (25% v/v). The expression of MyoD and myogenine mRNA was significantly higher at 5⁻6 days after differentiation using the modified protocol than with the conventional protocol. mRNA and protein expression of myosin heavy chain, a marker of myotubes, was significantly upregulated at 28 and 42 days of differentiation using the modified protocol, and the level achieved after a 4-week differentiation period was similar to that achieved at 6 weeks using the conventional protocol. The expression of p-STAT3 was significantly increased when the modified protocol was used. Similarly, addition of colivelin, a STAT3 activator, instead of IL-6 and C2C12 CM, promoted the myogenic differentiation of ADSCs. The modified protocol improved differentiation efficiency and reduced the time required for differentiation of myocytes. It might be helpful to save cost and time when preparing myocytes for cell therapies and drug discovery.
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17
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Díaz D, Piquer-Gil M, Recio JS, Martínez-Losa MM, Alonso JR, Weruaga E, Álvarez-Dolado M. Bone marrow transplantation improves motor activity in a mouse model of ataxia. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:e1950-e1961. [PMID: 29222849 DOI: 10.1002/term.2626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ataxias are locomotor disorders that can have an origin both neural and muscular, although both impairments are related. Unfortunately, ataxia has no cure, and the current therapies are aimed at motor re-education or muscular reinforcement. Nevertheless, cell therapy is becoming a promising approach to deal with incurable neural diseases, including neuromuscular ataxias. Here, we have used a model of ataxia, the Purkinje Cell Degeneration (PCD) mutant mouse, to study the effect of healthy (wild-type) bone marrow transplantation on the restoration of defective mobility. Bone marrow transplants (from both mutant and healthy donors) were performed in wild-type and PCD mice. Then, a wide battery of behavioural tests was employed to determine possible motor amelioration in mutants. Finally, cerebellum, spinal cord, and muscle were analysed to study the integration of the transplant-derived cells and the origin of the behavioural changes. Our results demonstrated that the transplant of wild-type bone marrow restores the mobility of PCD mice, increasing their capabilities of movement (52-100% of recovery), exploration (20-71% of recovery), speed (35% of recovery), and motor coordination (25% of recovery). Surprisingly, our results showed that bone marrow transplant notably improves the skeletal muscle structure, which is severely damaged in the mutants, rather than ameliorating the central nervous system. Although a multimodal effect of the transplant is not discarded, muscular improvements appear to be the basis of this motor recovery. Furthermore, the results from our study indicate that bone marrow stem cell therapy can be a safe and effective alternative for dealing with movement disorders such as ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Díaz
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute for Neuroscience of Castile and León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marina Piquer-Gil
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Neuropathologies, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez Recio
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute for Neuroscience of Castile and León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Magdalena Martínez-Losa
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Neuropathologies, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - José Ramón Alonso
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute for Neuroscience of Castile and León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Eduardo Weruaga
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute for Neuroscience of Castile and León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
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18
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Regenerative Medicine Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1089:115-141. [PMID: 29767289 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A major research challenge is to develop therapeutics that assist with healing damaged tissues and organs because the human body has limited ability to restore the majority of these tissues and organs to their original state. Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine (RM) promises to offer efficient therapeutic biological strategies that use mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs possess the capability for self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties that make them attractive for clinical applications. They have been extensively investigated in numerous preclinical and clinical settings in an attempt to overcome their challenges and promote tissue regeneration and repair. This review explores the exciting opportunities afforded by MSCs, their desirable properties as cellular therapeutics in RM, and implicates their potential use in clinical practice. Here, we attempt to identify challenges and issues that determine the clinical efficacy of MSCs as treatment for skeletal and non-skeletal tissues.
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19
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Ceccarelli G, Benedetti L, Arcari ML, Carubbi C, Galli D. Muscle Stem Cell and Physical Activity: What Point is the Debate at? Open Med (Wars) 2017; 12:144-156. [PMID: 28765836 PMCID: PMC5529938 DOI: 10.1515/med-2017-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 15 years, it emerged that the practice of regular physical activity reduces the risks of many diseases (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, etc.) and it is fundamental in weight control and energy consuming to contrast obesity. Different groups proposed many molecular mechanisms as responsible for the positive effects of physical activity in healthy life. However, many points remain to be clarified. In this mini-review we reported the latest observations on the effects of physical exercise on healthy skeletal and cardiac muscle focusing on muscle stem cells. The last ones represent the fundamental elements for muscle regeneration post injury, but also for healthy muscle homeostasis. Interestingly, in both muscle tissues the morphological consequence of physical activity is a physiological hypertrophy that depends on different phenomena both in differentiated cells and stem cells. The signaling pathways for physical exercise effects present common elements in skeletal and cardiac muscle, like activation of specific transcription factors, proliferative pathways, and cytokines. More recently, post translational (miRNAs) or epigenetic (DNA methylation) modifications have been demonstrated. However, several points remain unresolved thus requiring new research on the effect of exercise on muscle stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Ceccarelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Center of Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Benedetti
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Center of Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Arcari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, S.Bi.Bi.T. Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cecilia Carubbi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, S.Bi.Bi.T. Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Galli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, S.Bi.Bi.T. Unit and Sport and Exercise Medicine Center (SEM)., University of Parma c/o Ospedale Maggiore, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Tel: +39-0521-036306, , Parma, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, S.Bi.Bi.T. Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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20
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Chaimov D, Baruch L, Krishtul S, Meivar-levy I, Ferber S, Machluf M. Innovative encapsulation platform based on pancreatic extracellular matrix achieve substantial insulin delivery. J Control Release 2017; 257:91-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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21
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Patruno M, Gomiero C, Sacchetto R, Topel O, Negro A, Martinello T. Tat-MyoD fused proteins, together with C2c12 conditioned medium, are able to induce equine adult mesenchimal stem cells towards the myogenic fate. Vet Res Commun 2017; 41:211-217. [PMID: 28589421 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-017-9692-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Tat protein is able to translocate through the plasma membrane and when it is fused with other peptides may acts as a protein transduction system. This ability appears particularly interesting to induce tissue-specific differentiation when the Tat protein is associated to transcription factors. In the present work, the potential of the complex Tat-MyoD in inducing equine peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells (PB-MSCs) towards the myogenic fate, was evaluated. Results showed that the internalization process of Tat-MyoD happens only in serum free conditions and that the nuclear localization of the fused complex is observed after 15 hours of incubation. However, the supplement of Tat-MyoD only was not sufficient to induce myogenesis and, therefore, in order to achieve the myogenic differentiation of PB-MSCs, conditioned medium from C2C12 cells was added without direct contact. Real Time PCR and immunofluorescence methods evaluated the establishment of a myogenic program. Our results suggest that TAT- transduction of Tat-MyoD, when supported by conditioned medium, represents a useful methodology to induce myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Patruno
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Chiara Gomiero
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Sacchetto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ohad Topel
- VTH - Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alessandro Negro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,VTH - Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tiziana Martinello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Bana N, Sanooghi D, Soleimani M, Hayati Roodbari N, Alavi Moghaddam S, Joghataei MT, Sayahpour FA, Faghihi F. A Comparative Study to Evaluate Myogenic Differentiation Potential of Human Chorion versus Umbilical Cord Blood-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:495-502. [PMID: 28601197 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Musculodegenerative diseases threaten the life of many patients in the world. Since drug administration is not efficient in regeneration of damaged tissues, stem cell therapy is considered as a good strategy to restore the lost cells. Since the efficiency of myogenic differentiation potential of human Chorion- derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (C-MSCs) has not been addressed so far; we set out to evaluate myogenic differentiation property of these cells in comparison with Umbilical Cord Blood- derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UCB-MSCs) in the presence of 5-azacytidine. MATERIALS & METHODS To do that, neonate placenta Umbilical Cord Blood were transferred to the lab. After characterization of the isolated cells using flowcytometry and multilineage differentiation capacity, the obtained Mesenchymal Stem Cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 supplemented with 2% FBS and 10μM of 5-azacytidine to induce myogenic differentiation. Real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry were used to assess the myogenic properties of the cells. RESULTS Our data showed that C-MSCs and UCB-MSCs were spindle shape in morphology. They were positive for CD90, CD73 and CD44 antigens, and negative for hematopoietic markers. They also differentiated into osteoblast and adipoblast lineages. Real-time PCR results showed that the cells could express MyoD, desmin and α-MHC at the end of the first week (P<0.05). No significant upregulation was detected in the expression of GATA-4 in both groups. Immunocytochemical staining revealed the expression of Desmin, cTnT and α-MHC. CONCLUSIONS Results showed that these cells are potent to differentiate into myoblast- like cells. An upregulation in the expression of some myogenic markers (desmin, α- MHC) was observed in C-MSCs in comparison with UCB-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoo Bana
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Sanooghi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Hayati Roodbari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Azam Sayahpour
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Faghihi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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McDonald MM, Fairfield H, Falank C, Reagan MR. Adipose, Bone, and Myeloma: Contributions from the Microenvironment. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 100:433-448. [PMID: 27343063 PMCID: PMC5396178 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Researchers globally are working towards finding a cure for multiple myeloma (MM), a destructive blood cancer diagnosed yearly in ~750,000 people worldwide (Podar et al. in Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 14:99-127, 2009). Although MM targets multiple organ systems, it is the devastating skeletal destruction experienced by over 90 % of patients that often most severely impacts patient morbidity, pain, and quality of life. Preventing bone disease is therefore a priority in MM treatment, and understanding how and why myeloma cells target the bone marrow (BM) is fundamental to this process. This review focuses on a key area of MM research: the contributions of the bone microenvironment to disease origins, progression, and drug resistance. We describe some of the key cell types in the BM niche: osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, adipocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells. We then focus on how these key cellular players are, or could be, regulating a range of disease-related processes spanning MM growth, drug resistance, and bone disease (including osteolysis, fracture, and hypercalcemia). We summarize the literature regarding MM-bone cell and MM-adipocyte relationships and subsequent phenotypic changes or adaptations in MM cells, with the aim of providing a deeper understanding of how myeloma cells grow in the skeleton to cause bone destruction. We identify avenues and therapies that intervene in these networks to stop tumor growth and/or induce bone regeneration. Overall, we aim to illustrate how novel therapeutic target molecules, proteins, and cellular mediators may offer new avenues to attack this disease while reviewing currently utilized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M McDonald
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Heather Fairfield
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, 04074, USA
| | - Carolyne Falank
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, 04074, USA
| | - Michaela R Reagan
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, 04074, USA.
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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KC P, Shah M, Liao J, Zhang G. Prevascularization of Decellularized Porcine Myocardial Slice for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:2196-2204. [PMID: 28029762 PMCID: PMC6445257 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Prevacularization strategies have been implemented in tissue engineering to generate microvasculature networks within a scaffold prior to implantation. Prevascularizing scaffolds will shorten the time of functional vascular perfusion with host upon implantation. In this study, we explored key variables affecting the interaction between decellularized porcine myocardium slices (dPMSs) and reseeded stem cells toward the fabrication of prevascularized cardiac tissue. Our results demonstrated that dPMS supports attachment of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and rat adipose derived stem cells (rASCs) with high viability. We found that cell seeding efficiency and proliferation are dPMS thickness dependent. Compared to lateral cell seeding, bilateral cell seeding strategy significantly enhanced seeding efficiency, infiltration, and growth in 600 μm dPMS. dPMS induced endothelial differentiation and maturation of hMSCs and rASCs after 1 and 5 days culture, respectively. These results indicate the potential of dPMS as a powerful platform to develop prevascularized scaffolds and fabricate functional cardiac patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan KC
- † Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron,Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Mickey Shah
- † Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron,Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
- ‡ Integrated Bioscience Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jun Liao
- § Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Ge Zhang
- † Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron,Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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25
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Hou J, Zhou C, Long H, Zheng S, Guo T, Wu Q, Wu H, Zhong T, Wang T. Long noncoding RNAs: Novel molecules in cardiovascular biology, disease and regeneration. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 100:493-501. [PMID: 27180105 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable breakthroughs made in genomic technologies have facilitated the discovery of thousands of novel transcripts that do not template protein synthesis. Numerous RNAs termed as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) generated from this pervasive transcription function vividly in gene regulatory networks and a variety of biological and cellular processes. Here, we make a brief description of the known and putative functions of lncRNAs in cardiovascular biology and disease. The association between lncRNAs and stem cells mediated cardiomyocytes differentiation and neovascularization is discussed then. It will provide a new clue for further studies on these novel molecules in cardiovascular disease and bring bright prospects for their future applications in cardiac regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Emergency, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changqing Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Emergency, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huibao Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Emergency, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoxin Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianzhu Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Emergency, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanhua Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Emergency, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Emergency, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Emergency, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Emergency, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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26
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State of Regenerative Medicine in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Practice. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40141-016-0105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
Regenerative medicine using patient's own stem cells (SCs) to repair dysfunctional tissues is an attractive approach to complement surgical and pharmacological treatments for aging and degenerative disorders. Recently, dental SCs have drawn much attention owing to their accessibility, plasticity and applicability for regenerative use not only for dental, but also other body tissues. In ophthalmology, there has been increasing interest to differentiate dental pulp SC and periodontal ligament SC (PDLSC) towards ocular lineage. Both can commit to retinal fate expressing eye field transcription factors and generate rhodopsin-positive photoreceptor-like cells. This proposes a novel therapeutic alternative for retinal degeneration diseases. Moreover, as PDLSC shares similar cranial neural crest origin and proteoglycan secretion with corneal stromal keratoctyes and corneal endothelial cells, this offers the possibility of differentiating PDLSC to these corneal cell types. The advance could lead to a shift in the medical management of corneal opacities and endothelial disorders from highly invasive corneal transplantation using limited donor tissue to cell therapy utilizing autologous cells. This article provides an overview of dental SC research and the perspective of utilizing dental SCs for ocular regenerative medicine.
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28
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Seeger T, Hart M, Patarroyo M, Rolauffs B, Aicher WK, Klein G. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Sphincter Regeneration: Role of Laminin Isoforms upon Myogenic Differentiation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137419. [PMID: 26406476 PMCID: PMC4583377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are well known for their tri-lineage potential and ability to differentiate in vitro into osteogenic, chondrogenic or adipogenic lineages. By selecting appropriate conditions MSCs can also be differentiated in vitro into the myogenic lineage and are therefore a promising option for cell-based regeneration of muscle tissue such as an aged or damaged sphincter muscle. For the differentiation into the myogenic lineage there is still a need to evaluate the effects of extracellular matrix proteins such as laminins (LM) which are crucial for different stem cell types and for normal muscle function. The laminin family consists of 16 functionally different isoforms with LM-211 being the most abundant isoform of adult muscle tissues. In the sphincter tissue a strong expression of the isoforms LM-211/221, LM-411/421 and LM-511/521 can be detected in the different cell layers. Bone marrow-derived MSCs in culture, however, mainly express the isoforms LM-411 and LM-511, but not LM-211. Even after myogenic differentiation, LM-211 can hardly be detected. All laminin isoforms tested (LM-211, LM-411, LM-511 and LM-521) showed a significant inhibition of the proliferation of undifferentiated MSCs but, with the exception of LM-521, they had no influence on the proliferation of MSCs cultivated in myogenic medium. The strongest cellular adhesion of MSCs was to LM-511 and LM-521, whereas LM-211 was only a weakly-adhesive substrate for MSCs. Myogenic differentiation of MSCs even reduced the interaction with LM-211, but it did not affect the interaction with LM-511 and LM-521. Since during normal myogenesis the latter two isoforms are the major laminins surrounding developing myogenic progenitors, α5 chain-containing laminins are recommended for further improvements of myogenic differentiation protocols of MSCs into smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Seeger
- University Medical Clinic Department II, Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Hart
- Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Patarroyo
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- BG Trauma Clinic, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Gerd Klein
- University Medical Clinic Department II, Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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29
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Cao Y, Liu T, Yin ML, Zhang BY, Song HL. Role of CX3CR1 in repair of injured intestinal epithelial cells by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3670-3682. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i23.3670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of chemokine receptor CX3CR1 in the repair of injured intestinal epithelial cells by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs).
METHODS: BM-MSCs were cultured and identified in vitro. Caco-2 cells were exposed to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) to establish a cell model of injured intestinal epithelium. Cells were divided into six groups: BM-MSCs, Caco-2 cells, Caco-2 cells treated with TNF-α, co-cultured BM-MSCs and Caco-2 cells, co-cultured BM-MSCs and Caco-2 cells treated with TNF-α, and co-cultured BM-MSCs and Caco-2 cells treated with anti-CX3CR1 and TNF-α. The expression of tight junction proteins and mRNAs in Caco-2 cells, and CX3CR1 protein and mRNA in BM-MSCs was detected by immunofluorescence, Western blot and RT-PCR.
RESULTS: We selected 100 ng/mL TNF-α for 48 h to establish the injured model, because the expression of zonula occluden 1(ZO-1) and Occludin was reduced significantly at this time point (P < 0.05). The protein and mRNA levels of ZO-1, Occludin and CX3CR1 had no significant changes when BM-MSCs were co-cultured with untreated Caco-2 cells, but increased when BM-MSCs were co-cultured with injured Caco-2 cells (P < 0.05). When CX3CR1 was blocked, the protein and mRNA levels of ZO-1 and Occludin decreased significantly.
CONCLUSION: CX3CR1 participates in the repair of injured intestinal epithelial cells by BM-MSCs.
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30
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Centeno CJ, Al-Sayegh H, Bashir J, Goodyear S, Freeman MD. A prospective multi-site registry study of a specific protocol of autologous bone marrow concentrate for the treatment of shoulder rotator cuff tears and osteoarthritis. J Pain Res 2015; 8:269-76. [PMID: 26089699 PMCID: PMC4463777 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s80872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint in the general population. Bone marrow concentrate (BMC) injections offer promising potential as a minimally invasive approach for treatment of shoulder pain in degenerative disease. In this study, we investigated the clinical outcomes of the BMC injections for treatment of shoulder pain and disability due to osteoarthritis (OA) and rotator cuff tears in a treatment registry population. METHODS A total of 115 shoulders in 102 patients were treated with autologous BMC injections for symptomatic OA at the glenohumeral joint and/or rotator cuff tears. Data were collected for factors potentially influencing outcome, including age, sex, body mass index, and the type of condition treated (ie, OA or rotator cuff tear). Clinical outcomes were assessed serially over time using the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score (DASH), the numeric pain scale (NPS), and a subjective improvement rating scale. Baseline scores were compared to the most recent outcome scores at the time of the analysis and adjusted for demographic differences. We reported comparisons of pre- and post-treatment scores, the differences between osteoarthritis and rotator cuff groups, and the predictive effects on the clinical outcomes. RESULTS At the most current follow-up assessment after treatment, the average DASH score decreased (improved) from 36.1 to 17.1 (P<0.001) and the average numeric pain scale value decreased (improved) from 4.3 to 2.4 (P<0.001). These changes were associated with an average subjective improvement of 48.8%. No differences were observed between outcomes among the shoulders treated for OA versus rotator cuff tears, nor did age, sex, or body mass index influence pain or functional outcomes. There were no significant treatment-related adverse events reported. DISCUSSION We observed preliminarily encouraging results following BMC injections for shoulder OA and rotator cuff tears. These results serve as basis for the design of an adequately powered randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael D Freeman
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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