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Jimmy JL. Coleus aromaticus Benth.: an update on its bioactive constituents and medicinal properties. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.1968959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John Lilly Jimmy
- Department of Botany, SIES College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Mumbai, India
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Manoel RO, Rossini BC, Cornacini MR, Moraes MLT, Cambuim J, Alcântara MAM, Silva AM, Sebbenn AM, Marino CL. Landscape barriers to pollen and seed flow in the dioecious tropical tree Astronium fraxinifolium in Brazilian savannah. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255275. [PMID: 34339479 PMCID: PMC8336915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene flow studies provide information on gene exchange between populations, which is essential for developing genetic conservation strategies. Such analyses enable a better understanding of the life history and seed and pollen dispersal mechanisms of plant species. In this study, we investigate pollen and seed flow in a regenerant population of the pioneer species Astronium fraxinifolium in an area degraded during the construction of a hydroelectric dam. We mapped, sampled, sexed, and genotyped 386 individuals in the regenerant population (RP), as well as 128 adult trees located along two highways adjacent to the degraded area; one in Mato Grosso do Sul State (MS) and other in São Paulo State (SP). Parentage analyses was carried out for 370 individuals of the RP population, using as putative parents 348 individuals from RP and all 128 individuals sampled in MS and SP. Based on parentage analysis and eight microsatellite loci, our analyses revealed that for individuals of the RP with an identified father (pollen donor), 1.1% of the pollen was dispersed up to 532 m, while for those with an identified mother (seed donor), 0.5% of seeds were dispersed up to 4,782 m. However, a large proportion of pollen (76.5%) and seeds (57%) immigrated from trees outside the sampled populations. Pollen and seeds were dispersed through a pattern of isolation by distance. Genetic diversity was significantly similar between adults of both highway populations and individuals from RP, with significant levels of inbreeding detected only in RP. Our results demonstrate that the nearest trees contributed pollen and seeds for the recovery of the degraded area, indicating reproductive spatial isolation among the sampled populations due to the damming of the river. Such results help to understand the process of regeneration for A. fraxinifolium in regenerant populations to inform strategies for conservation and environmental recovery with this species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mário L. T. Moraes
- Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - José Cambuim
- Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre M. Silva
- Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Alexandre M. Sebbenn
- Departamento de Melhoramento e Conservação Genética, Instituto Florestal
de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso L. Marino
- Instituto de Biotecnologia/ UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo,
Brazil
- Instituto de Biociências/ UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo,
Brazil
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Monzote L, Scherbakov AM, Scull R, Gutiérrez YI, Satyal P, Cos P, Shchekotikhin AE, Gille L, Setzer WN. Pharmacological Assessment of the Carvacrol Chemotype Essential Oil From Plectranthus amboinicusGrowing in Cuba. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20962233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived products are employed in various public health practices and have been considered as a major source of medicines. The genus Plectranthus (Lamiaceae) has been widely respected for its nutritional properties, its essential oil, and its therapeutic values. In the present work, the chemical characterization, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and cytotoxic properties of the essential oil from Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng and its main compound carvacrol were studied. Twenty-one components were identified in the oil by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometric detector. In this oil, carvacrol constitutes the major compound (71%), which represented the more abundant chemotype. The essential oil did not inhibit growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Trypanosoma cruzi, or Leishmania infantum, but displayed activity against Plasmodium falciparum (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 5.9 µg/mL), Trypanosoma brucei (IC50= 34.9 µg/mL), and Leishmania amazonensis (IC50= 58.2 µg/mL), and the human tumor-derived cell lines MCF-7 (IC50= 29.1 µg/mL), MDA-MB-231 (IC50= 41.5 µg/mL), and 22Rv1 (IC50= 29.6 µg/mL), but no cytotoxicity was observed against nonmalignant macrophages. The antiproliferative activity of the oil could be attributed to carvacrol. However, this compound showed certain level of cytotoxicity, which suggests unspecific activity. This study provides evidence about antimicrobial and anticancer potential of the essential oil from P. amboinicus against protozoa and neoplastic diseases, particularly as an antimalarial natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianet Monzote
- Parasitology Department, Center of Research, Diagnostic and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kouri”, Havana, Cuba
- Research Network Natural Products against Neglected Diseases (ResNetNPND)
| | | | - Ramón Scull
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy and Food, Havana University, Havana, Cuba
| | - Yamilet I. Gutiérrez
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy and Food, Havana University, Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Lars Gille
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - William N. Setzer
- Research Network Natural Products against Neglected Diseases (ResNetNPND)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
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Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages. Acta Parasitol 2020; 65:686-695. [PMID: 32347532 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. PURPOSE The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. METHODS For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. RESULTS The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10.
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Abstract
AbstractThis systematic review investigated the evidence for the therapeutic potential of essential oils (EOs) against Leishmania amazonensis. We searched available scientific publications from 2005 to 2019 in the PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases, according to PRISMA statement. The search strategy utilized descriptors and free terms. The EOs effect of 35 species of plants identified in this systematic review study, 45.7% had half of the maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 10 < IC50 ⩽ 50 μg mL−1 and 14.3% had a 10 < IC50μg mL−1 for promastigote forms of L. amazonensis. EOs from Cymbopogon citratus species had the lowest IC50 (1.7 μg mL−1). Among the plant species analyzed for activity against intracellular amastigote forms of L. amazonensis, 39.4% had an IC50 10 < IC50 ⩽ 50 μg mL−1, and 33.3% had an IC50 10 < IC50μg mL−1. Aloysia gratissima EO showed the lowest IC50 (0.16 μg mL−1) for intracellular amastigotes. EOs of Chenopodium ambrosioides, Copaifera martii and Carapa guianensis, administered by the oral route, were effective in reducing parasitic load and lesion volume in L. amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice. EOs of Bixa orellana and C. ambrosioides were effective when administered intraperitoneally. Most of the studies analyzed in vitro and in vivo for the risk of bias showed moderate methodological quality. These results indicate a stimulus for the development of new phytotherapy drugs for leishmaniasis treatment.
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Alves DR, de Morais SM, Tomiotto-Pellissier F, Vasconcelos FR, Freire FDCO, da Silva ING, Cataneo AHD, Miranda-Sapla MM, Pinto GAS, Conchon-Costa I, Noronha ADAA, Pavanelli WR. Leishmanicidal and fungicidal activity of lipases obtained from endophytic fungi extracts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196796. [PMID: 29912872 PMCID: PMC6005525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the production of lipases from endophytic fungi: Vermisporium-like, Emericella nidulans, Dichotomophtora portulacae and D. boerhaaviae and the biological activity against the dermatophyte fungi Malassezia sp and Microsporum canis and the parasite Leishmania amazonensis. All fungal enzymes extract showed lipolysis action in the media that contains long carbon chain lipids. The proteomic analysis of lipases exhibits several molecules mostly ranging in size from 220 to 20 kDa, with clear differences in protein profile's yield. All fungal enzymes were competent to eliminate promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis at 5 mg.mL-1. The antileishmanial activity of lipases from Vermisporium-like, E. nidulans, D. portulacae and D. boerhaaviae in amastigote forms, promoted the reduction in viability of 78.88, 39.65, 63.17 and 98.13%, with selectivity index of 19.56, 30.68, 18.09 and 20.99. In relation to antifungal activity, Dichothomophtora enzymes demonstrate best action with MFC of 14.65 μg.mL-1 against Malassezia sp and Microsporum canis, respectively. These results allow us to infer that lipases from entophytic fungi displays activity against dermatophyte fungi (Malassezia sp. and Microsporum canis) as well as Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ribeiro Alves
- Veterinarian Sciences Post Graduation Program, State University of Ceará, Campus Itaperi, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)–Agroindústria Tropical, Planalto do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Selene Maia de Morais
- Veterinarian Sciences Post Graduation Program, State University of Ceará, Campus Itaperi, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Fábio Roger Vasconcelos
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)–Agroindústria Tropical, Planalto do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Isaac Neto Goes da Silva
- Veterinarian Sciences Post Graduation Program, State University of Ceará, Campus Itaperi, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo Adolfo Saavedra Pinto
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)–Agroindústria Tropical, Planalto do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ivete Conchon-Costa
- Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Efficacy of Four Solanum spp. Extracts in an Animal Model of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. MEDICINES 2018; 5:medicines5020049. [PMID: 29874837 PMCID: PMC6023388 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis is a complex protozoa disease caused by Leishmania genus (Trypanosomatidae family). Currently, there have been renewed interests worldwide in plants as pharmaceutical agents. In this study, the in vivo efficacy of Solanum spp. is assessed in an L. amazonensis BALB/c mice model for experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods: Animals were infected with 5 × 10⁶ metacyclic promastigotes and 30-day post-infection, a treatment with 30 mg/kg of Solanum extracts or Glucantime® (GTM) was applied intralesionally every four days to complete 5 doses. Results: Neither death nor loss of weight higher than 10% was observed. All the tested extracts were able to control the infection, compared with the infected and untreated group. Solanum havanense Jacq. extract showed the highest efficacy and was superior (p < 0.05) to GTM. Solanum myriacanthum Dunal., S. nudum Dunal. and S. seaforthianum Andr. extracts demonstrated a similar effect (p > 0.05) to GTM. An increase of IFN-γ (p < 0.05) was displayed only by animals treated with S. nudum compared to the group treated with a vehicle, while no differences (p > 0.05) were observed for IL-12. Conclusions:In vivo effects of Solanum extracts were demonstrated, suggesting that this genus could be further explored as a new antileishmanial alternative.
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Charneau S, de Mesquita ML, Bastos IMD, Santana JM, de Paula JE, Grellier P, Espindola LS. In vitro investigation of Brazilian Cerrado plant extract activity against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei gambiense. Nat Prod Res 2015. [PMID: 26222897 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1055264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The threatened Brazilian Cerrado biome is an important biodiversity hotspot but still few explored that constitutes a potential reservoir of molecules to treat infectious diseases. We selected eight Cerrado plant species for screening against the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum, human intracellular stages of Trypanosoma cruzi and bloodstream forms of T. brucei gambiense, and for their cytotoxicity upon the rat L6-myoblast cell line. Bioassays were performed with 37 hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts prepared from different plant organs. Activities against parasites were observed for 24 extracts: 9 with anti-P. falciparum, 4 with anti-T. cruzi and 11 with anti-T. brucei gambiense activities. High anti-protozoal activity (IC50 values < 10 μg/mL) without obvious cytotoxicity to L6 cells was observed for eight extracts from plants: Connarus suberosus, Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Psidium laruotteanum and Myrsine guianensis. Overall, studies of plant extracts will contribute to increase the biodiversity knowledge essential for Cerrado conservation and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Charneau
- a Laboratório de Bioquímica e Química de proteínas, Departamento de Biologia Celular , Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília , Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília , DF , Brazil
| | - Mariana Laundry de Mesquita
- b Laboratório de Farmacognosia , Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília , Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília , DF , Brazil
| | - Izabela Marques Dourado Bastos
- c Laboratório de Interação Patógeno-Hospedeiro, Departamento de Biologia Celular , Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília , Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília , DF , Brazil
| | - Jaime Martins Santana
- c Laboratório de Interação Patógeno-Hospedeiro, Departamento de Biologia Celular , Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília , Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília , DF , Brazil
| | - José Elias de Paula
- d Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade de Brasília , Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília , DF , Brazil
| | - Philippe Grellier
- e Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle , UMR 7245 CNRS - Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes , CP52, 61 rue Buffon , 75231 Paris Cedex 05 , France
| | - Laila Salmen Espindola
- b Laboratório de Farmacognosia , Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília , Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília , DF , Brazil
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Monzote L, Piñón A, Scull R, Setzer WN. Chemistry and Leishmanicidal Activity of the Essential Oil from Artemisia absinthium from Cuba. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400901236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, natural products have been a rich source of lead molecules in drug discovery. In particular, products to treat infectious diseases have been developed and several reports about potentialities of essential oils (EO) against Leishmania could be found. In this study, we report the chemical characterization, anti-leishmanial effects and cytotoxicity of the EO from Artemisia absinthium L. Chemical analysis revealed the EO to be composed of 18 compounds, 11 of which were identified, accounting for 64.1% of the composition. The main component of the EO was trans-sabinyl acetate, which made up 36.7%. In vitro anti-leishmanial screening showed that the A. absinthium EO inhibited the growth of promastigotes (14.4 ± 3.6 μg/mL) and amastigotes (13.4 ± 2.4 μg/mL) of L. amazonensis; while cytotoxicity evaluation caused 6 fold higher values than those for the parasites. In a model of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice, five doses of EO at 30 mg/kg by intralesional route demonstrated control of lesion size and parasite burden ( p< 0.05) compared with animals treated with glucantime and untreated mice. In conclusion, in vitro and in vivo results showed the potential of EO from A. absinthium as a promising source for lead or active compounds against Leishmania, which could be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianet Monzote
- Parasitology Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
| | - Abel Piñón
- Parasitology Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
| | - Ramón Scull
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food, Havana University, Cuba
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
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