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Kohl Y, Hesler M, Drexel R, Kovar L, Dähnhardt-Pfeiffer S, Selzer D, Wagner S, Lehr T, von Briesen H, Meier F. Influence of Physicochemical Characteristics and Stability of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles on Biological Effects and Translocation across an Intestinal Barrier-A Case Study from In Vitro to In Silico. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061358. [PMID: 34063963 PMCID: PMC8224057 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A better understanding of their interaction with cell-based tissue is a fundamental prerequisite towards the safe production and application of engineered nanomaterials. Quantitative experimental data on the correlation between physicochemical characteristics and the interaction and transport of engineered nanomaterials across biological barriers, in particular, is still scarce, thus hampering the development of effective predictive non-testing strategies. Against this background, the presented study investigated the translocation of gold and silver nanoparticles across the gastrointestinal barrier along with related biological effects using an in vitro 3D-triple co-culture cell model. Standardized in vitro assays and quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed no significant influence of the applied nanoparticles on both cell viability and generation of reactive oxygen species. Transmission electron microscopy indicated an intact cell barrier during the translocation study. Single particle ICP-MS revealed a time-dependent increase of translocated nanoparticles independent of their size, shape, surface charge, and stability in cell culture medium. This quantitative data provided the experimental basis for the successful mathematical description of the nanoparticle transport kinetics using a non-linear mixed effects modeling approach. The results of this study may serve as a basis for the development of predictive tools for improved risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Kohl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, 66280 Sulzbach, Germany; (M.H.); (S.W.); (H.v.B.)
- Correspondence: (Y.K.); (F.M.); Tel.: +49-6897-9071-256 (Y.K.); +49-8191-985-6880 (F.M.)
| | - Michelle Hesler
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, 66280 Sulzbach, Germany; (M.H.); (S.W.); (H.v.B.)
| | - Roland Drexel
- Postnova Analytics GmbH, 86899 Landsberg am Lech, Germany;
| | - Lukas Kovar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (L.K.); (D.S.); (T.L.)
| | | | - Dominik Selzer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (L.K.); (D.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Sylvia Wagner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, 66280 Sulzbach, Germany; (M.H.); (S.W.); (H.v.B.)
| | - Thorsten Lehr
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (L.K.); (D.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Hagen von Briesen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, 66280 Sulzbach, Germany; (M.H.); (S.W.); (H.v.B.)
| | - Florian Meier
- Postnova Analytics GmbH, 86899 Landsberg am Lech, Germany;
- Correspondence: (Y.K.); (F.M.); Tel.: +49-6897-9071-256 (Y.K.); +49-8191-985-6880 (F.M.)
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Kudrinskiy A, Zherebin P, Gusev A, Shapoval O, Pyee J, Lisichkin G, Krutyakov Y. New Relevant Descriptor of Linear QNAR Models for Toxicity Assessment of Silver Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1459. [PMID: 32722446 PMCID: PMC7466614 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of silver nanoparticles (NPs) in medical, industrial and agricultural fields is becoming more widespread every year. This leads to an increasing number of experimental toxicological and microbiological studies of silver NPs aimed at establishing the risk-benefit ratio for their application. The following key parameters affecting the biological activity of silver dispersions are traditionally taken into consideration: mean diameter of NPs, surface potential of NPs and equilibrium concentration of Ag+. These characteristics are mainly predetermined by the chemical nature of the capping agent used for stabilization. However, the extent to which they influence the biological activity and the toxicity of silver NPs varies greatly. In this work, dispersions of silver NPs stabilized with a wide array of substances of different chemical nature were used for quantitative evaluation of whether the various measurable properties of silver NPs fit as descriptors of linear QNAR (quantitative nanostructure-activity relationship) models for silver NP toxicity evaluation with respect to a model eukaryotic microorganism-Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells. It was shown that among the factors that determine silver NP toxicity, the charge of particles, their colloidal stability and the ability to generate Ag+ ions carry more importance than the descriptors related to the particle size. A significant synergistic effect between the ζ-potential and the colloidal stability of silver NPs on their toxicity was also discovered. Following this, a new descriptor has been proposed for the integral characterization of the silver dispersion colloidal stability. According to the obtained data, it can be considered applicable for building QNAR models of higher efficacy. The validity testing of the proposed model for theoretical prediction of silver NP toxicity using a wide range of living organisms has shown that this new descriptor correlates with toxicity much better compared to most traditionally used descriptors. Consequently, it seems promising in terms of being used not only in situations involving the rather narrow array of the objects tested, but also for the construction of silver NP toxicity models with respect to other living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Kudrinskiy
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (P.Z.); (G.L.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Zherebin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (P.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Alexander Gusev
- Research Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, str. Moskovskaya 10, 392000 Tambov, Russia;
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Engineering Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny Lane 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Shapoval
- Pryanishnikov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Agrochemistry, str. Pryanishnikova 31a, 127550 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Jaeho Pyee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, 119 Dandae str., Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Georgy Lisichkin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (P.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Yurii Krutyakov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (P.Z.); (G.L.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
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Lamon L, Asturiol D, Vilchez A, Cabellos J, Damásio J, Janer G, Richarz A, Worth A. Physiologically based mathematical models of nanomaterials for regulatory toxicology: A review. COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 9:133-142. [PMID: 31008415 PMCID: PMC6472634 DOI: 10.1016/j.comtox.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The development of physiologically based (PB) models to support safety assessments in the field of nanotechnology has grown steadily during the last decade. This review reports on the availability of PB models for toxicokinetic (TK) and toxicodynamic (TD) processes, including in vitro and in vivo dosimetry models applied to manufactured nanomaterials (MNs). In addition to reporting on the state-of-the-art in the scientific literature concerning the availability of physiologically based kinetic (PBK) models, we evaluate their relevance for regulatory applications, mainly considering the EU REACH regulation. First, we performed a literature search to identify all available PBK models. Then, we systematically reported the content of the identified papers in a tailored template to build a consistent inventory, thereby supporting model comparison. We also described model availability for physiologically based dynamic (PBD) and in vitro and in vivo dosimetry models according to the same template. For completeness, a number of classical toxicokinetic (CTK) models were also included in the inventory. The review describes the PBK model landscape applied to MNs on the basis of the type of MNs covered by the models, their stated applicability domain, the type of (nano-specific) inputs required, and the type of outputs generated. We identify the main assumptions made during model development that may influence the uncertainty in the final assessment, and we assess the REACH relevance of the available models within each model category. Finally, we compare the state of PB model acceptance for chemicals and for MNs. In general, PB model acceptance is limited by the absence of standardised reporting formats, psychological factors such as the complexity of the models, and technical considerations such as lack of blood:tissue partitioning data for model calibration/validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Lamon
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra (VA), Italy
| | - D. Asturiol
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra (VA), Italy
| | - A. Vilchez
- Leitat Technological Center, c/de la Innovació 2, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Cabellos
- Leitat Technological Center, c/de la Innovació 2, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Damásio
- Leitat Technological Center, c/de la Innovació 2, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Janer
- Leitat Technological Center, c/de la Innovació 2, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Richarz
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra (VA), Italy
| | - A. Worth
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra (VA), Italy
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Guo C, Buckley A, Marczylo T, Seiffert J, Römer I, Warren J, Hodgson A, Chung KF, Gant TW, Smith R, Leonard MO. The small airway epithelium as a target for the adverse pulmonary effects of silver nanoparticle inhalation. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:539-553. [PMID: 29750584 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1465140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Experimental modeling to identify specific inhalation hazards for nanomaterials has in the main focused on in vivo approaches. However, these models suffer from uncertainties surrounding species-specific differences and cellular targets for biologic response. In terms of pulmonary exposure, approaches which combine 'inhalation-like' nanoparticulate aerosol deposition with relevant human cell and tissue air-liquid interface cultures are considered an important complement to in vivo work. In this study, we utilized such a model system to build on previous results from in vivo exposures, which highlighted the small airway epithelium as a target for silver nanoparticle (AgNP) deposition. RNA-SEQ was used to characterize alterations in mRNA and miRNA within the lung. Organotypic-reconstituted 3D human primary small airway epithelial cell cultures (SmallAir) were exposed to the same spark-generated AgNP and at the same dose used in vivo, in an aerosol-exposure air-liquid interface (AE-ALI) system. Adverse effects were characterized using lactate, LDH release and alterations in mRNA and miRNA. Modest toxicological effects were paralleled by significant regulation in gene expression, reflective mainly of specific inflammatory events. Importantly, there was a level of concordance between gene expression changes observed in vitro and in vivo. We also observed a significant correlation between AgNP and mass equivalent silver ion (Ag+) induced transcriptional changes in SmallAir cultures. In addition to key mechanistic information relevant for our understanding of the potential health risks associated with AgNP inhalation exposure, this work further highlights the small airway epithelium as an important target for adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Guo
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK.,b The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) in collaboration with Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Alison Buckley
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK.,b The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) in collaboration with Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Tim Marczylo
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK.,b The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) in collaboration with Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Joanna Seiffert
- c Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College , London , UK
| | - Isabella Römer
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK.,b The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) in collaboration with Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - James Warren
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK
| | - Alan Hodgson
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- c Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College , London , UK
| | - Timothy W Gant
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK.,b The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) in collaboration with Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Rachel Smith
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK.,b The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) in collaboration with Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Martin O Leonard
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK.,b The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) in collaboration with Imperial College London , London , UK
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Lasat MM, Chung KF, Lead J, McGrath S, Owen RJ, Rocks S, Unrine J, Zhang J. Advancing the Understanding of Environmental Transformations, Bioavailability and Effects of Nanomaterials, an International US Environmental Protection Agency-UK Environmental Nanoscience Initiative Joint Program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 9:385-404. [PMID: 29910967 PMCID: PMC5998674 DOI: 10.4236/jep.2018.94025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has significant economic, health, and environmental benefits, including renewable energy and innovative environmental solutions. Manufactured nanoparticles have been incorporated into new materials and products because of their novel or enhanced properties. These very same properties also have prompted concerns about the potential environmental and human health hazard and risk posed by the manufactured nanomaterials. Appropriate risk management responses require the development of models capable of predicting the environmental and human health effects of the nanomaterials. Development of predictive models has been hampered by a lack of information concerning the environmental fate, behavior and effects of manufactured nanoparticles. The United Kingdom (UK) Environmental Nanoscience Initiative and the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency have developed an international research program to enhance the knowledgebase and develop risk-predicting models for manufactured nanoparticles. Here we report selected highlights of the program as it sought to maximize the complementary strengths of the transatlantic scientific communities by funding three integrated US-UK consortia to investigate the transformation of these nanoparticles in terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric environment. Research results demonstrate there is a functional relationship between the physicochemical properties of environmentally transformed nanomaterials and their effects and that this relationship is amenable to modeling. In addition, the joint transatlantic program has allowed the leveraging of additional funding, promoting transboundary scientific collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitch M Lasat
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC, USA
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Jamie Lead
- Centre for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA.,University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | | | | | - Sophie Rocks
- Institute for Resilient Futures, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - Jason Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, USA
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De Matteis V, Rinaldi R. Toxicity Assessment in the Nanoparticle Era. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1048:1-19. [PMID: 29453529 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72041-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The wide use of engineered nanomaterials in many fields, ranging from biomedical, agriculture, environment, cosmetic, urged the scientific community to understand the processes behind their potential toxicity, in order to develop new strategies for human safety. As a matter of fact, there is a big discrepancy between the increased classes of nanoparticles and the consequent applications versus their toxicity assessment. Nanotoxicology is defined as the science that studies the effects of engineered nanodevices and nanostructures in living organisms. This chapter analyzes the physico-chemical properties of the most used nanoparticles, the way they enter the living organism and their cytoxicity mechanisms at cellular exposure level. Moreover, the current state of nanoparticles risk assessment is reported and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Graepel R, Lamon L, Asturiol D, Berggren E, Joossens E, Paini A, Prieto P, Whelan M, Worth A. The virtual cell based assay: Current status and future perspectives. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 45:258-267. [PMID: 28108195 PMCID: PMC5742635 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to replace the use of animals in toxicity testing, there is a need to predict in vivo toxic doses from concentrations that cause toxicological effects in relevant in vitro systems. The Virtual Cell Based Assay (VCBA) estimates time-dependent concentration of a test chemical in the cell and cell culture for a given in vitro system. The concentrations in the different compartments of the cell and test system are derived from ordinary differential equations, physicochemical parameters of the test chemical and properties of the cell line. The VCBA has been developed for a range of cell lines including BALB/c 3T3 cells, HepG2, HepaRG, lung A459 cells, and cardiomyocytes. The model can be used to design and refine in vitro experiments and extrapolate in vitro effective concentrations to in vivo doses that can be applied in risk assessment. In this paper, we first discuss potential applications of the VCBA: i) design of in vitro High Throughput Screening (HTS) experiments; ii) hazard identification (based on acute systemic toxicity); and iii) risk assessment. Further extension of the VCBA is discussed in the second part, exploring potential application to i) manufactured nanomaterials, ii) additional cell lines and endpoints, and considering iii) other opportunities. VCBA as an alternative approach can be applied in the domain of nanotoxicology. VCBA can support better testing strategies in acute toxicity. Refinement of the VCBA taking into account biological oscillators could improve toxicity prediction. Extensions of the VCBA can capture effects related to additional subcellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabea Graepel
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Lara Lamon
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy.
| | - David Asturiol
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Elisabet Berggren
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Joossens
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Alicia Paini
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Pilar Prieto
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Maurice Whelan
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Andrew Worth
- Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit incorporating EURL ECVAM, Directorate Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
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Seiffert J, Buckley A, Leo B, Martin NG, Zhu J, Dai R, Hussain F, Guo C, Warren J, Hodgson A, Gong J, Ryan MP, Zhang JJ, Porter A, Tetley TD, Gow A, Smith R, Chung KF. Pulmonary effects of inhalation of spark-generated silver nanoparticles in Brown-Norway and Sprague-Dawley rats. Respir Res 2016; 17:85. [PMID: 27435725 PMCID: PMC4950697 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products is concerning. We examined the potential toxic effects when inhaled in Brown-Norway (BN) rats with a pre-inflammatory state compared to Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. Methods We determined the effect of AgNPs generated from a spark generator (mass concentration: 600–800 μg/mm3; mean diameter: 13–16 nm; total lung doses: 8 [Low] and 26–28 [High] μg) inhaled by the nasal route in both rat strains. Rats were sacrificed at day 1 and day 7 after exposure and measurement of lung function. Results In both strains, there was an increase in neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid at 24 h at the high dose, with concomitant eosinophilia in BN rats. While BAL inflammatory cells were mostly normalised by Day 7, lung inflammation scores remained increased although not the tissue eosinophil scores. Total protein levels were elevated at both lung doses in both strains. There was an increase in BAL IL-1β, KC, IL-17, CCL2 and CCL3 levels in both strains at Day 1, mostly at high dose. Phospholipid levels were increased at the high dose in SD rats at Day 1 and 7, while in BN rats, this was only seen at Day 1; surfactant protein D levels decreased at day 7 at the high dose in SD rats, but was increased at Day 1 at the low dose in BN rats. There was a transient increase in central airway resistance and in tissue elastance in BN rats at Day 1 but not in SD rats. Positive silver-staining was seen particularly in lung tissue macrophages in a dose and time-dependent response in both strains, maximal by day 7. Lung silver levels were relatively higher in BN rat and present at day 7 in both strains. Conclusions Presence of cellular inflammation and increasing silver-positive macrophages in lungs at day 7, associated with significant levels of lung silver indicate that lung toxicity is persistent even with the absence of airway luminal inflammation at that time-point. The higher levels and persistence of lung silver in BN rats may be due to the pre-existing inflammatory state of the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Seiffert
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse St, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Alison Buckley
- Nanoparticle Inhalation Research Group, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Bey Leo
- Department of Material Science, Chemistry and the London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, London, SW3, UK
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, W6 8RF, UK
| | - Jie Zhu
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse St, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Ranran Dai
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse St, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Farhana Hussain
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse St, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Chang Guo
- Nanoparticle Inhalation Research Group, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - James Warren
- Nanoparticle Inhalation Research Group, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Alan Hodgson
- Nanoparticle Inhalation Research Group, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Jicheng Gong
- Nicholas School of Environment & Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Mary P Ryan
- Department of Material Science, Chemistry and the London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, London, SW3, UK
| | - Junfeng Jim Zhang
- Nicholas School of Environment & Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Alexandra Porter
- Department of Material Science, Chemistry and the London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, London, SW3, UK
| | - Terry D Tetley
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse St, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Andrew Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Rachel Smith
- Nanoparticle Inhalation Research Group, Public Health England, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse St, London, SW3 6LY, UK.
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Pyykkö I, Zou J, Schrott-Fischer A, Glueckert R, Kinnunen P. An Overview of Nanoparticle Based Delivery for Treatment of Inner Ear Disorders. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1427:363-415. [PMID: 27259938 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3615-1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles offer new possibilities for inner ear treatment as they can carry a variety of drugs, protein, and nucleic acids to inner ear. Nanoparticles are equipped with several functions such as targetability, immuno-transparency, biochemical stability, and ability to be visualized in vivo and in vitro. A group of novel peptides can be attached to the surface of nanoparticles that will enhance the cell entry, endosomal escape, and nuclear targeting. Eight different types of nanoparticles with different payload carrying strategies are available now. The transtympanic delivery of nanoparticles indicates that, depending on the type of nanoparticle, different migration pathways into the inner ear can be employed, and that optimal carriers can be designed according to the intended cargo. The use of nanoparticles as drug/gene carriers is especially attractive in conjunction with cochlear implantation or even as an inclusion in the implant as a drug/gene reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilmari Pyykkö
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tampere and University Hospital of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland. .,Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Medisiinarinkatu 3, Tampere, 33520, Finland.
| | - Jing Zou
- BECS, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science, Aalto University, Aalto, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Annelies Schrott-Fischer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Rudolf Glueckert
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Paavo Kinnunen
- BECS, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
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Mukherjee D, Porter A, Ryan M, Schwander S, Chung KF, Tetley T, Zhang J, Georgopoulos P. Modeling In Vivo Interactions of Engineered Nanoparticles in the Pulmonary Alveolar Lining Fluid. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:1223-1249. [PMID: 26240755 PMCID: PMC4521411 DOI: 10.3390/nano5031223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in consumer products may result in widespread human inhalation exposures. Due to their high surface area per unit mass, inhaled ENMs interact with multiple components of the pulmonary system, and these interactions affect their ultimate fate in the body. Modeling of ENM transport and clearance in vivo has traditionally treated tissues as well-mixed compartments, without consideration of nanoscale interaction and transformation mechanisms. ENM agglomeration, dissolution and transport, along with adsorption of biomolecules, such as surfactant lipids and proteins, cause irreversible changes to ENM morphology and surface properties. The model presented in this article quantifies ENM transformation and transport in the alveolar air to liquid interface and estimates eventual alveolar cell dosimetry. This formulation brings together established concepts from colloidal and surface science, physics, and biochemistry to provide a stochastic framework capable of capturing essential in vivo processes in the pulmonary alveolar lining layer. The model has been implemented for in vitro solutions with parameters estimated from relevant published in vitro measurements and has been extended here to in vivo systems simulating human inhalation exposures. Applications are presented for four different ENMs, and relevant kinetic rates are estimated, demonstrating an approach for improving human in vivo pulmonary dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwaipayan Mukherjee
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Alexandra Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre of Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK; E-Mails: (A.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Mary Ryan
- Department of Materials and London Centre of Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK; E-Mails: (A.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Stephan Schwander
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK; E-Mails: (K.F.C.); (T.T.)
| | - Teresa Tetley
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK; E-Mails: (K.F.C.); (T.T.)
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 9 Circuit Drive, Durham, NC 27708, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Panos Georgopoulos
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-848-445-0159
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