1
|
Lei J, Aimaier G, Aisha Z, Zhang Y, Ma J. eEF1A1 regulates the expression and alternative splicing of genes associated with Parkinson's disease in U251 cells. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:817-829. [PMID: 38776049 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A1 (eEF1A1) is an RNA-binding protein that is associated with PARK2 activity in cells, suggesting a possible role in Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVE To clear whether eEF1A1 plays a role in PD through transcriptional or posttranscriptional regulation. METHODS The GSE68719 dataset was downloaded from the GEO database, and the RNA-seq data of all brain tissue autopsies were obtained from 29 PD patients and 44 neurologically normal control subjects. To inhibit eEF1A1 from being expressed in U251 cells, siRNA was transfected into those cells, and RNA-seq high-throughput sequencing was used to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially alternative splicing events (ASEs) resulting from eEF1A1 knockdown. RESULTS eEF1A1 was significantly overexpressed in PD brain tissue in the BA9 area. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that eEF1A1 knockdown significantly upregulated the expression of the genes CXCL10, NGF, PTX3, IL6, ST6GALNAC3, NUPR1, TNFRSF21, and CXCL2 and upregulated the alternative splicing of the genes ACOT7, DDX10, SHMT2, MYEF2, and NDUFAF5. These genes were enriched in pathways related to PD pathogenesis, such as apoptosis, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSION The results suggesting that eEF1A1 involved in the development of PD by regulating the differential expression and alternative splicing of genes, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, P.R. China
| | - Guliqiemu Aimaier
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, P.R. China
| | - Zaolaguli Aisha
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, P.R. China.
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim J, Lim J, Yoo ID, Park S, Moon JS. TXNIP contributes to induction of pro-inflammatory phenotype and caspase-3 activation in astrocytes during Alzheimer's diseases. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102735. [PMID: 37172394 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are associated with neuronal death in AD. Astrocytes are linked to neuroinflammation during AD. Astrocytes are important contributors to AD progression. Although the role of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) has been identified in inflammation and oxidative stress, the mechanism by which TXNIP regulates inflammation and oxidative stress in astrocytes during AD remains unclear. In the present study, we found that TXNIP gene levels were elevated in cerebral cortex of patients with AD. The protein levels of TXNIP were elevated in GFAP-positive astrocytes of cerebral cortex from patients with AD and APP/PS1 double-transgenic mouse model of AD. Our results showed that TXNIP increased expression of genes related to pro-inflammatory reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human astrocytes. Moreover, TXNIP increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human astrocytes. TXNIP induced activation of NK-kB signaling and over-production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in human astrocytes. TXNIP also induced mitochondrial oxidative stress by reduction of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production in human astrocytes. Furthermore, elevated TXNIP levels are correlated with caspase-3 activation of GFAP-positive astrocytes in patients with AD and mouse AD. TXNIP induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis via caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation in human astrocytes. These results suggest that TXNIP contributes to induction of pro-inflammatory phenotype and caspase-3 activation in astrocytes during AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhyung Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Jaejoon Lim
- Bundang CHA Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, Yatap-dong 59, Seong-nam, 13496, South Korea
| | - Ik Dong Yoo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Cheonan, 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Samel Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Cheonan, 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea.
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Said-Sadier N, Sayegh B, Farah R, Abbas LA, Dweik R, Tang N, Ojcius DM. Association between Periodontal Disease and Cognitive Impairment in Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4707. [PMID: 36981618 PMCID: PMC10049038 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontitis is a severe oral infection that can contribute to systemic inflammation. A large body of evidence suggests a role for systemic inflammation in the initiation of neurodegenerative disease. This systematic review synthesized data from observational studies to investigate the association between periodontitis and neuroinflammation in adults. METHODS AND MATERIALS A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) was performed for studies published from the date of inception up to September 2021. Search terms for the exposure "oral disease" and outcome "dementia", "neuroinflammation" and "cognitive decline" were used. Study selection and data extraction were independently undertaken by two reviewers. The final eligible articles were included only if the exposure is periodontitis and the outcome is cognitive impairment or dementia or a topic related to this condition, and if the study was conducted in an adult population. The quality and risk of bias were assessed by Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Qualitative synthesis was used to narratively synthesize the results. Six cohort studies, three cross-sectional studies, and two case-control studies met the inclusion criteria. These eleven studies were only narratively synthesized. Meta-analysis was not performed due to the methodological heterogeneity of the studies. RESULTS The results of included studies show that chronic periodontitis patients with at least eight years of exposure are at higher risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia. Oral health measures such as gingival inflammation, attachment loss, probing depth, bleeding on probing, and alveolar bone loss are associated with cognitive impairment. The reduction of epidermal growth factor (EGF), interleukin 8 (IL-8), interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in addition to over expression of interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) are significant in patients suffering from cognitive decline with pre-existing severe periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS All the included studies show evidence of an association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment or dementia and Alzheimer's disease pathology. Nonetheless, the mechanisms responsible for the association between periodontitis and dementia are still unclear and warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najwane Said-Sadier
- College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Batoul Sayegh
- Neuroscience Research Center (NRC), Lebanese University, Beirut 1533, Lebanon
| | - Raymond Farah
- Neuroscience Research Center (NRC), Lebanese University, Beirut 1533, Lebanon
| | - Linda Abou Abbas
- Neuroscience Research Center (NRC), Lebanese University, Beirut 1533, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1103, Lebanon
| | - Rania Dweik
- College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Norina Tang
- Department of Periodontics, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ramanzini LG, Camargo LFM, Silveira JOF, Bochi GV. Inflammatory markers and depression in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:6707-6717. [PMID: 36040559 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) patients experience non-motor symptoms (NMS), which may appear before motor manifestations. The most common NMS is depression, affecting about 30-40% of PD patients. Both PD and depression are associated with an increased inflammatory burden, with studies showing elevation of diverse inflammatory markers in patients with both conditions. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in PubMed and PsycINFO databases to investigate what inflammatory markers are associated with PD depression (PDD). Only studies in English that measured inflammatory markers and analyzed against depression scores in PD patients were included. RESULTS A total of 1132 articles were retrieved, and 14 entries were found to be eligible. Twelve were cross-sectional studies, one was a cohort, and one was a non-randomized controlled trial. IL-17A was the only marker strongly associated with PDD, while studies assessing sIL-2R and serum amyloid A found a moderate correlation. C-reactive protein, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and IL-6 yielded conflicting results. Their possible roles in PDD are discussed. PDD was also related to longer disease duration and other NMS, such as anxiety, fatigue, dementia, REM sleep behavior disorder, and autonomic dysfunction. CONCLUSION We suggest that these markers may be used for distinguishing isolated depression from that related to neurodegeneration, especially in individuals that concurrently present with other known prodromal symptoms of PD and other α-synucleinopathies. However, future prospective studies are warranted to confirm this hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Guilherme Ramanzini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Building 21, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Luís Fernando Muniz Camargo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Building 21, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Vargas Bochi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Building 21, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu T, Li J, Deng Z, Chen M, Sha K, Xiao W, Xie H, Zhao Z. Increased serum levels of CCL3, CXCL8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 in rosacea patients and their correlation with disease severity. J Dermatol 2022; 49:525-533. [PMID: 35233832 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease involving millions of patients worldwide. Previous studies have highlighted the upregulation of a variety of chemokines in the skin lesions of both rosacea patient and rosacea-like mouse model. However, the serum levels of these chemokines and their clinical significance have not been explored before. In this study, we aimed at examining the serum levels of a series of chemokines (including CCL2, CCL3, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL12) implicated in rosacea and their correlation with disease severity. Bio-Plex Pro Human Chemokine Assays were used to measure the serum levels of these chemokines. Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) was applied for assessing the papules/pustules of rosacea patients, while persistent erythema was evaluated by the Clinician's Erythema Assessment (CEA). Our results revealed that the serum concentration of CCL3, CXCL8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 were markedly elevated in rosacea patients compared to healthy controls. Among them, the levels of CCL3, CXCL8, and CXCL9 were positively correlated with the IGA score, while serum CXCL9 and CXCL10 were positively related with the CEA score of rosacea patients. What's more, the expression of the corresponding receptors of CCL3 (Ccr1), CXCL8 (Cxcr1 and Cxcr2), CXCL9, and CXCL10 (Cxcr3) were all significantly increased in the skin lesions of rosacea-like mouse model with CXCR2 and CXCR3 highly expressed in rosacea patient skins. Our results indicated that CCL3, CXCL8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 might potentially serve as serum indicators for rosacea and could assist the severity evaluation of disease. Findings in this study would also potentially help to develop new targeted therapies for rosacea in future. © 2022 Japanese Dermatological Association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tangxiele Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhili Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Sha
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqin Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongfu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tiwari RK, Moin A, Rizvi SMD, Shahid SMA, Bajpai P. Modulating neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration-related dementia: can microglial toll-like receptors pull the plug? Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:829-847. [PMID: 33704660 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration-associated dementia disorders (NADDs), namely Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, are developed by a significant portion of the elderly population globally. Extensive research has provided critical insights into the molecular basis of the pathological advancements of these diseases, but an efficient curative therapy seems elusive. A common attribute of NADDs is neuroinflammation due to a chronic inflammatory response within the central nervous system (CNS), which is primarily modulated by microglia. This response within the CNS is positively regulated by cytokines, chemokines, secondary messengers or cyclic nucleotides, and free radicals. Microglia mediated immune activation is regulated by a positive feedback loop in NADDs. The present review focuses on evaluating the crosstalk between inflammatory mediators and microglia, which aggravates both the clinical progression and extent of NADDs by forming a persistent chronic inflammatory milieu within the CNS. We also discuss the role of the human gut microbiota and its effect on NADDs as well as the suitability of targeting toll-like receptors for an immunotherapeutic intervention targeting the deflation of an inflamed milieu within the CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Afrasim Moin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Monowar Alam Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Preeti Bajpai
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Long term mortality of patients with Parkinson's disease treated with deep brain stimulation in a reference center. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 202:106486. [PMID: 33493881 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, with a higher risk of death than general population. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has been used to treat PD for more than 2 decades, but few studies exist concerning mortality in this subset of patients. Our goal is to analyse mortality in PD patients treated with DBS in our centre. METHODS retrospective evaluation of clinical files of patients with PD who underwent DBS surgery consecutively between October 2002 and May 2019. RESULTS 346 patients were included in the analysis, 60 % male, with a mean age at disease onset of 48± 8 years (18-64), mean age at surgery of 60 ± 7 years (33-75), and mean disease duration until surgery of 14 ± 6 years (3-52). Mean follow-up after surgery was 7 ± 4 years (range 1-17). Overall mortality rate was 17.9 % and mean age at time of death was 71 ± 6 years. The main causes of death were pneumonia, dementia and acute myocardial infarction. In our series, male gender and disease duration until surgery were the only predictors of mortality in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Our study showed a long-term survival higher than previously described, and suggests that the treatment of patients with shorter disease evolution might have a survival benefit. The leading causes of death in PD patients treated with DBS seems unrelated to surgery, as the main causes of death are comparable to non-DBS patients.
Collapse
|
8
|
Nissen SK, Ferreira SA, Nielsen MC, Schulte C, Shrivastava K, Hennig D, Etzerodt A, Graversen JH, Berg D, Maetzler W, Panhelainen A, Møller HJ, Brockmann K, Romero-Ramos M. Soluble CD163 Changes Indicate Monocyte Association With Cognitive Deficits in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2020; 36:963-976. [PMID: 33332647 PMCID: PMC8247308 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a significant immune component, as demonstrated by changes in immune biomarkers in patients' biofluids. However, which specific cells are responsible for those changes is unclear because most immune biomarkers can be produced by various cell types. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore monocyte involvement in PD. METHODS We investigated the monocyte-specific biomarker sCD163, the soluble form of the receptor CD163, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in two experiments, and compared it with other biomarkers and clinical data. Potential connections between CD163 and alpha-synuclein were studied in vitro. RESULTS CSF-sCD163 increased in late-stage PD and correlated with the PD biomarkers alpha-synuclein, Tau, and phosphorylated Tau, whereas it inversely correlated with the patients' cognitive scores, supporting monocyte involvement in neurodegeneration and cognition in PD. Serum-sCD163 increased only in female patients, suggesting a sex-distinctive monocyte response. CSF-sCD163 also correlated with molecules associated with adaptive and innate immune system activation and with immune cell recruitment to the brain. Serum-sCD163 correlated with proinflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins, suggesting a relation to chronic systemic inflammation. Our in vitro study showed that alpha-synuclein activates macrophages and induces shedding of sCD163, which in turn enhances alpha-synuclein uptake by myeloid cells, potentially participating in its clearance. CONCLUSIONS Our data present sCD163 as a potential cognition-related biomarker in PD and suggest a role for monocytes in both peripheral and brain immune responses. This may be directly related to alpha-synuclein's proinflammatory capacity but could also have consequences for alpha-synuclein processing. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudia Schulte
- Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research & German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Dorle Hennig
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Etzerodt
- DANDRITE and Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Daniela Berg
- Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research & German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anne Panhelainen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Holger Jon Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research & German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen J, Chen C, Hu C, Liu L, Xia Y, Wang L, Yang W, Wu HY, Zhou W, Xiao K, Shi Q, Wu Y, Chen ZB, Dong XP. IP10, KC and M-CSF Are Remarkably Increased in the Brains from the Various Strains of Experimental Mice Infected with Different Scrapie Agents. Virol Sin 2020; 35:614-625. [PMID: 32314275 PMCID: PMC7736440 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of inflammatory cells and upregulations of a number of cytokines in the central nervous system (CNS) of patients with prion diseases are frequently observed. To evaluate the potential changes of some brain cytokines that were rarely addressed during prion infection, the levels of 17 different cytokines in the brain homogenates of mice infected with different scrapie mouse-adapted agents were firstly screened with Luminex assay. Significant upregulations of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP10), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) were frequently detected in the brain lysates of many strains of scrapie infected mice. The upregulations of those three cytokines in the brains of scrapie infected mice were further validated by the individual specific ELISA and immunohistochemical assay. Increased specific mRNAs of IP10, M-CSF and KC in the brains of scrapie infected mice were also detected by the individual specific qRT-PCRs and IP10-specific digital PCR. Dynamic analyses of the brain samples collected at different time points post infection revealed the time-dependent increases of those three cytokines, particularly IP10 during the incubation period of scrapie infection. In addition, we also found that the levels of IP10 in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of 45 sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) patients were slightly but significantly higher than those of the cases who were excluded the diagnosis of prion diseases. These data give us a better understanding of inflammatory reaction during prion infection and progression of prion disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Cao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| | - Chao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Lian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, China
| | - Ying Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yuezhang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Zhi-Bao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Center for Global Public Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, China.
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Roomruangwong C, Sirivichayakul S, Carvalho AF, Maes M. The uterine-chemokine-brain axis: menstrual cycle-associated symptoms (MCAS) are in part mediated by CCL2, CCL5, CCL11, CXCL8 and CXCL10. J Affect Disord 2020; 269:85-93. [PMID: 32217347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between chemokines and menstrual cycle associated symptoms (MCAS). METHODS Forty-one women completed the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) rating scale during 28 consecutive days of the menstrual cycle. MCAS is diagnosed when the total daily DRSP score during the menstrual cycle is > 0.666 percentile. We assayed plasma CCL2, CCL5, CCL11, CXCL8, CXCL10, EGF, IGF-1, and PAI-1 at days 7, 14, 21 and 28 of the menstrual cycle. RESULTS CCL2, CCL5, CCL11 and EGF are significantly higher in women with MCAS than in those without. Increased CCL2, CXCL10, CXCL8, CCL11 and CCL5 levels are significantly associated with DRSP scores while CCL2 is the most significant predictor explaining 39.6% of the variance. The sum of the neurotoxic chemokines CCL2, CCL11 and CCL5 is significantly associated with the DRSP score and depression, physiosomatic, breast-craving and anxiety symptoms. The impact of chemokines on MCAS symptoms differ between consecutive weeks of the menstrual cycle with CCL2 being the most important predictor of increased DRSP levels during the first two weeks, and CXCL10 or a combination of CCL2, CCL11 and CCL5 being the best predictors during week 3 and 4, respectively. DISCUSSION The novel case definition "MCAS" is externally validated by increased levels of uterus-associated chemokines and EGF. Those chemokines are involved in MCAS and are regulated by sex hormones and modulate endometrium functions and brain neuro-immune responses, which may underpin MCAS symptoms. As such, uterine-related chemokines may link the uterus with brain functions via a putative uterine-chemokine-brain axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Roomruangwong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunee Sirivichayakul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu JQ, Chu SF, Zhou X, Zhang DY, Chen NH. Role of chemokines in Parkinson's disease. Brain Res Bull 2019; 152:11-18. [PMID: 31136787 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing incidence year by year, particularly as the population ages. The most common neuropathologic manifestation in patients with Parkinson's disease is dopamine neurons degeneration and loss in substantia nigra of middle brain. The main neurochemistry problem is the lack of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Clinically, PD patients may also have higher levels of glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters. At present, many data have shown that some chemokines are involved in regulating the release and transmission of neurotransmitters, and the growth and development of related neurons. In recent years, most of the studies relative to PD is based on immune and inflammatory mechanisms, and chemokines is also the focus on this mechanism. Chemokines are a class of cytokines that have definite chemotaxis effects on the different target cells. They might be involved in the pathogenesis of PD by inducing neuronal apoptosis and microglia activation. Clinical data has shown that the levels of chemokines in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of PD patients have corresponding changes compared with the healthy persons. This review summarizes recent studies on chemokines and their receptors in Parkinson's disease: (i) to explore the role of chemokines in Parkinson's disease; (ii) to provide new indicators for clinical diagnosis of PD; (iii) to provide new targets for drug research and development in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Shi-Feng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Da-Yong Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fuzzati-Armentero MT, Cerri S, Blandini F. Peripheral-Central Neuroimmune Crosstalk in Parkinson's Disease: What Do Patients and Animal Models Tell Us? Front Neurol 2019; 10:232. [PMID: 30941089 PMCID: PMC6433876 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is no longer considered an immune privileged organ and neuroinflammation has long been associated with Parkinson's disease. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that innate and adaptive responses take place in the CNS. The extent to which peripheral immune alterations impacts on the CNS, or vice and versa, is, however, still a matter of debate. Gaining a better knowledge of the molecular and cellular immune dysfunctions present in these two compartments and clarifying their mutual interactions is a fundamental step in understanding and preventing Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on inflammatory processes evidenced both in PD patients and in toxin-induced animal models of the disease. It discusses differences and similarities between human and animal studies in the context of neuroinflammation and immune responses and how they have guided therapeutic strategies to slow down disease progression. Future longitudinal studies are necessary and can help gain a better understanding on peripheral-central nervous system crosstalk to improve therapeutic strategies for PD.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bradburn S, McPhee J, Bagley L, Carroll M, Slevin M, Al-Shanti N, Barnouin Y, Hogrel JY, Pääsuke M, Gapeyeva H, Maier A, Sipilä S, Narici M, Robinson A, Mann D, Payton A, Pendleton N, Butler-Browne G, Murgatroyd C. Dysregulation of C-X-C motif ligand 10 during aging and association with cognitive performance. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 63:54-64. [PMID: 29223680 PMCID: PMC5805841 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation during aging (inflammaging) is associated with cognitive decline and neurodegeneration; however, the mechanisms underlying inflammaging are unclear. We studied a population (n = 361) of healthy young and old adults from the MyoAge cohort. Peripheral levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) was found to be higher in older adults, compared with young, and negatively associated with working memory performance. This coincided with an age-related reduction in blood DNA methylation at specific CpGs within the CXCL10 gene promoter. In vitro analysis supported the role of DNA methylation in regulating CXCL10 transcription. A polymorphism (rs56061981) that altered methylation at one of these CpG sites further associated with working memory performance in 2 independent aging cohorts. Studying prefrontal cortex samples, we found higher CXCL10 protein levels in those with Alzheimer's disease, compared with aged controls. These findings support the association of peripheral inflammation, as demonstrated by CXCL10, in aging and cognitive decline. We reveal age-related epigenetic and genetic factors which contribute to the dysregulation of CXCL10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Bradburn
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jamie McPhee
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Liam Bagley
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Carroll
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Mark Slevin
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Nasser Al-Shanti
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Yoann Barnouin
- Institut de Myologie, UPMC UM 76, INSERM U 974, CNRS UMR, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Hogrel
- Institut de Myologie, UPMC UM 76, INSERM U 974, CNRS UMR, Paris, France
| | - Mati Pääsuke
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Helena Gapeyeva
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrea Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine and Aged Care, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marco Narici
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Andrew Robinson
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Mann
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Antony Payton
- Centre for Epidemiology, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Neil Pendleton
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Chris Murgatroyd
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
McKee SE, Grissom NM, Herdt CT, Reyes TM. Methyl donor supplementation alters cognitive performance and motivation in female offspring from high-fat diet-fed dams. FASEB J 2017; 31:2352-2363. [PMID: 28209774 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601172r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During gestation, fetal nutrition is entirely dependent on maternal diet. Maternal consumption of excess fat during pregnancy has been linked to an increased risk of neurologic disorders in offspring, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, and schizophrenia. In a mouse model, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed offspring have cognitive and executive function deficits as well as whole-genome DNA and promoter-specific hypomethylation in multiple brain regions. Dietary methyl donor supplementation during pregnancy or adulthood has been used to alter DNA methylation and behavior. Given that extensive brain development occurs during early postnatal life-particularly within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region critical for executive function-we examined whether early life methyl donor supplementation (e.g., during adolescence) could ameliorate executive function deficits observed in offspring that were exposed to maternal HFD. By using operant testing, progressive ratio, and the PFC-dependent 5-choice serial reaction timed task (5-CSRTT), we determined that F1 female offspring (B6D2F1/J) from HFD-fed dams have decreased motivation (decreased progressive ratio breakpoint) and require a longer stimulus length to complete the 5-CSRTT task successfully, whereas early life methyl donor supplementation increased motivation and shortened the minimum stimulus length required for a correct response in the 5-CSRTT. Of interest, we found that expression of 2 chemokines, CCL2 and CXCL10, correlated with the median stimulus length in the 5-CSRTT. Furthermore, we found that acute adult supplementation of methyl donors increased motivation in HFD-fed offspring and those who previously received supplementation with methyl donors. These data point to early life as a sensitive time during which dietary methyl donor supplementation can alter PFC-dependent cognitive behaviors.-McKee, S. E., Grissom, N. M., Herdt, C. T., Reyes, T. M. Methyl donor supplementation alters cognitive performance and motivation in female offspring from high-fat diet-fed dams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E McKee
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicola M Grissom
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher T Herdt
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teresa M Reyes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Han YMY, Cheung WKY, Wong CK, Sze SL, Cheng TWS, Yeung MK, Chan AS. Distinct Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Front Immunol 2017; 8:11. [PMID: 28167942 PMCID: PMC5253384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that immunological factors are involved in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, this research has been conducted almost exclusively in Western contexts, and only a handful of studies on immune measures have been conducted in Asian populations, such as Chinese populations. The present study examined whether immunological abnormalities are associated with cognitive deficits and problem behaviors in Chinese children with ASD and whether these children show different immunological profiles. Thirteen typically developing (TD) children and 22 children with ASD, aged 6–17 years, participated voluntarily in the study. Executive functions and short-term memory were measured using neuropsychological tests, and behavioral measures were assessed using parent ratings. The children were also assessed on immunological measures, specifically, the levels of cytokines and chemokines in the blood serum. Children with ASD showed greater deficits in cognitive functions, as well as altered levels of immunological measures, including CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL9 levels, compared to TD children, and the cognitive functions and associated behavioral deficits of children with ASD were significantly associated with different immunological measures. The children were further sub-classified into ASD with only autistic features (ASD-only) or ASD comorbid with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ASD + ADHD). The comorbidity results showed that there were no differences between the two groups of ASD children in any of the cognitive or behavioral measures. However, the results pertaining to immunological measures showed that the children with ASD-only and ASD + ADHD exhibited distinct cytokine and chemokine profiles and that abnormal immunologic function was associated with cognitive functions and inattention/hyperactivity symptoms. These results support the notion that altered immune functions may play a role in the selective cognitive and behavioral symptoms of ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne M Y Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , China
| | - Winnie K Y Cheung
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Chun Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Sophia L Sze
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Chanwuyi Research Center for Neuropsychological Well-Being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Timmy W S Cheng
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Michael K Yeung
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Agnes S Chan
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Chanwuyi Research Center for Neuropsychological Well-Being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pradhan SS, Salinas K, Garduno AC, Johansson JU, Wang Q, Manning-Bog A, Andreasson KI. Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of PGE 2 EP4 Signaling in Models of Parkinson's Disease. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2016; 12:292-304. [PMID: 27734267 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-016-9713-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a ubiquitous factor accompanying normal aging and neurodegeneration, and recent studies indicate a major contribution of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and its downstream prostaglandin signaling pathways in modulating neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal function. We have previously shown that the prostaglandin PGE2 receptor EP4 suppresses innate immune responses in models of systemic inflammation. Here we investigated the role of the EP4 receptor in models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Systemic co-administration of the EP4 agonist ONO-AE1-329 with the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) prevented loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) without significant changes in glial activation, suggesting a potent neuroprotective effect of EP4 signaling in this acute model of DA neuronal loss. Cell-specific conditional ablation of EP4 in Cd11bCre;EP4lox/lox mice exacerbated MPTP-associated glial activation and T-cell infiltration in SNpc, consistent with anti-inflammatory functions of microglial EP4 signaling. In vitro, in primary microglia stimulated with oligomeric α-synuclein, EP4 receptor activation suppressed generation of pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress factors. Taken together, these findings suggest a dual neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory mechanism of action by the EP4 receptor in models of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj S Pradhan
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,C1 Consulting, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Kirstie Salinas
- Neurobiology Graduate Program, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Qian Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Katrin I Andreasson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Marques RE, Marques PE, Guabiraba R, Teixeira MM. Exploring the Homeostatic and Sensory Roles of the Immune System. Front Immunol 2016; 7:125. [PMID: 27065209 PMCID: PMC4814584 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunology developed under the notion of the immune system exists to fight pathogens. Recently, the discovery of interactions with commensal microbiota that are essential to human health initiated a change in this old paradigm. Here, we argue that the immune system has major physiological roles extending far beyond defending the host. Immune and inflammatory responses share the core property of sensing, defining the immune system also as a sensory system. The inference with the immune system collects, interprets, and stores information, while creating an identity of self, places it in close relationship to the nervous system, which suggests that these systems may have a profound evolutionary connection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Elias Marques
- Immunopharmacology, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Pedro Elias Marques
- Immunopharmacology, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Guabiraba
- ISP, INRA, Université François Rabelais de Tours , Nouzilly , France
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Immunopharmacology, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lue LF, Schmitz CT, Snyder NL, Chen K, Walker DG, Davis KJ, Belden C, Caviness JN, Driver-Dunckley E, Adler CH, Sabbagh MN, Shill HA. Converging mediators from immune and trophic pathways to identify Parkinson disease dementia. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2016; 3:e193. [PMID: 26848485 PMCID: PMC4733150 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To identify a panel of peripheral inflammatory/immune mediators that could discriminate Parkinson disease with dementia (PDD) from Parkinson disease (PD) without dementia. Methods: Plasma samples from 52 patients with PD and 22 patients with PDD were prepared from freshly collected blood following an institutional review board–approved protocol. A total of 160 proteins were measured using a multiplex antibody array. Plasma α-synuclein levels were analyzed by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The main objective of the statistical analyses was to identify PDD discriminants using the plasma protein profile alone or in combination with age. Results: The PD and PDD groups differed significantly in cognitive measurements (Mini-Mental State Examination, Auditory Verbal Learning Test-A7, and Clinical Dementia Rating) and age. The age-adjusted levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA were significantly different between disease groups. The levels of plasma α-synuclein significantly correlated with 26 proteins; among them, PDGF-BB, TARC, PDGF-AA, and epidermal growth factor were the highest. Linear discriminant analysis with leave-one-out cross-validation identified a 14-protein panel with age as discriminants of PDD (96% sensitivity, 89% specificity, area under the curve = 0.9615). Conclusions: We showed that multiple proteins that are mediators of growth/trophic and immune response-related pathways had discriminatory power for identifying PDD in patients with PD. Validation of this discovery-based study in longitudinal population-based studies is warranted. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class III evidence that a 14-protein panel plasma assay combined with age has a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 89% for PDD.
Collapse
|
19
|
Insights into Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease: From Biomarkers to Anti-Inflammatory Based Therapies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:628192. [PMID: 26295044 PMCID: PMC4532803 DOI: 10.1155/2015/628192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, being characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Among several putative factors that may contribute to PD pathogenesis, inflammatory mechanisms may play a pivotal role. The involvement of microglial activation as well as of brain and peripheral immune mediators in PD pathophysiology has been reported by clinical and experimental studies. These inflammatory biomarkers evaluated by imaging techniques and/or by biological sample analysis have become valuable tools for PD diagnosis and prognosis. Regardless of the significant increase in the number of people suffering from PD, there are still no established disease-modifying or neuroprotective therapies for it. There is growing evidence of protective effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on PD development. Herein, we reviewed the current literature regarding the central nervous system and peripheral immune biomarkers in PD and advances in diagnostic and prognostic tools as well as the neuroprotective effects of anti-inflammatory therapies.
Collapse
|
20
|
Valera E, Mante M, Anderson S, Rockenstein E, Masliah E. Lenalidomide reduces microglial activation and behavioral deficits in a transgenic model of Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:93. [PMID: 25966683 PMCID: PMC4432827 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0320-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common causes of dementia and motor deficits in the elderly. PD is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of the synaptic protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra, which leads to neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Currently, there are no disease modifying alternatives for PD; however, targeting neuroinflammation might be a viable option for reducing motor deficits and neurodegeneration. Lenalidomide is a thalidomide derivative designed for reduced toxicity and increased immunomodulatory properties. Lenalidomide has shown protective effects in an animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and its mechanism of action involves modulation of cytokine production and inhibition of NF-κB signaling. METHODS In order to assess the effect of lenalidomide in an animal model of PD, mThy1-α-syn transgenic mice were treated with lenalidomide or the parent molecule thalidomide at 100 mg/kg for 4 weeks. RESULTS Lenalidomide reduced motor behavioral deficits and ameliorated dopaminergic fiber loss in the striatum. This protective action was accompanied by a reduction in microgliosis both in striatum and hippocampus. Central expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was diminished in lenalidomide-treated transgenic animals, together with reduction in NF-κB activation. CONCLUSION These results support the therapeutic potential of lenalidomide for reducing maladaptive neuroinflammation in PD and related neuropathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Valera
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0624, USA.
| | - Michael Mante
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0624, USA.
| | - Scott Anderson
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0624, USA.
| | - Edward Rockenstein
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0624, USA.
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0624, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0624, USA.
| |
Collapse
|