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Annuur RM, Triana D, Ernawati T, Murai Y, Aswad M, Hashimoto M, Tachrim ZP. A Review of Cinnamic Acid's Skeleton Modification: Features for Antibacterial-Agent-Guided Derivatives. Molecules 2024; 29:3929. [PMID: 39203007 PMCID: PMC11357405 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a significant danger to global health, and the need for more effective antimicrobial resistance (AMR) control has been highlighted. Cinnamic acid is abundant in plant products and is a potential starting material for further modification, focusing on the development of new antimicrobial compounds. In the following review, we describe the classification of critical antibacterial-guided reactions applied to the main skeleton structure of cinnamic acid derivatives over the last decade. Of all of the main parts of cinnamic acids, the phenyl ring and the carboxylic group significantly affect antibacterial activity. The results presented in the following review can provide valuable insights into considerable features in the organic modification of cinnamic acids related to antibacterial medication development and the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Malina Annuur
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Kawasan Sains Teknologi (KST) BJ Habibie, Serpong, South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
| | - Desita Triana
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608589, Japan
| | - Teni Ernawati
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Kawasan Sains Teknologi (KST) BJ Habibie, Serpong, South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
| | - Yuta Murai
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608589, Japan
| | - Muhammad Aswad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia;
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608589, Japan
| | - Zetryana Puteri Tachrim
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Kawasan Sains Teknologi (KST) BJ Habibie, Serpong, South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
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de Morais MC, Medeiros GA, Almeida FS, Rocha JDC, Perez-Castillo Y, Keesen TDSL, de Sousa DP. Antileishmanial Activity of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives against Leishmania infantum. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062844. [PMID: 36985814 PMCID: PMC10053546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in South America, the Mediterranean basin, and West and Central Asia. The most affected country, Brazil, reported 4297 VL cases in 2017. L. infantum is transmitted by female phlebotomine sand flies during successive blood meals. There are no validated vaccines to prevent the infection and the treatment relies on drugs that often present severe side effects, which justify the efforts to find new antileishmanial drugs. Cinnamic acid derivatives have shown several pharmacological activities, including antiparasitic action. Therefore, in the present study, the biological evaluation of cinnamic acid and thirty-four derivatives against L. infantum is reported. The compounds were prepared by several synthesis methods and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The results revealed that compound 32 (N-(4-isopropylbenzyl)cinnamamide) was the most potent antileishmanial agent (IC50 = 33.71 μM) with the highest selectivity index (SI > 42.46), followed by compound 15 (piperonyl cinnamate) with an IC50 = 42.80 μM and SI > 32.86. Compound 32 was slightly less potent and nineteen times more selective for the parasite than amphotericin B (MIC = 3.14 uM; SI = 2.24). In the molecular docking study, the most likely target for the compound in L. infantum was aspartyl aminopeptidase, followed by aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial. The data obtained show the antileishmanial potential of this class of compounds and may be used in the search for new drug candidates against Leishmania species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Castro de Morais
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Alves Medeiros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Almeida
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Câmara Rocha
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Yunierkis Perez-Castillo
- Bio-Cheminformatics Research Group and Area de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
| | - Tatjana de Souza Lima Keesen
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
| | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BP, Brazil
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Development trans-N-benzyl hydroxyl cinnamamide based compounds from cinnamic acids and characteristics anticancer potency. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kerbadou RM, Hadjadj Aoul R, Benmaati A, Taleb A, Hacini S, Habib Zahmani H. Identification of new biologically active synthetic molecules: comparative experimental and theoretical studies on the structure-antioxidant activity relationship of cyclic 1,3-ketoamides. J Mol Model 2021; 27:109. [PMID: 33742261 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant agent is a chemical that prevents the oxidation of other chemical substances. Its use is the most effective means of protecting the organism by neutralizing the harmful effects of free radicals caused by oxidative stress. In the present work, a series of β-ketoamides containing a variety of monosubstituted amide groups were synthesized and tested as antioxidant agents. In order to establish a possible structure-antioxidant activity relationship, we are presenting a systematic theoretical study of these molecules with the aim of clarifying the active sites. In particular, we discuss the selectivity resulting from the choice of a free radical/antioxidant system. The theoretical study of these molecules was carried out using density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) level of theory. In order to shed light on the antioxidant properties of β-ketoamides, O-H bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs), ionization potentials (IPs), electron affinities (EAs), proton affinities (PAs), and electron transfer enthalpies (ETEs) are performed in the gas phase and in ethanol. The results obtained show that the HAT mechanism is thermodynamically more favored in the gas phase, while the SPLET is preferred in the polar solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riad Mustapha Kerbadou
- Laboratoire de Chimie Fine LCF, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, BP-1524-Menouar, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Ratiba Hadjadj Aoul
- Laboratoire de Chimie Fine LCF, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, BP-1524-Menouar, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Aouicha Benmaati
- Laboratoire de Chimie Fine LCF, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, BP-1524-Menouar, 31000, Oran, Algeria.,Ecole Nationale Polytechnique d'Oran Maurice Audin, ENPO-MA, BP-1523-Menouar, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Assya Taleb
- Laboratoire de Chimie Fine LCF, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, BP-1524-Menouar, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Salih Hacini
- Laboratoire de Chimie Fine LCF, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, BP-1524-Menouar, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Hadjira Habib Zahmani
- Laboratoire de Chimie Fine LCF, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, BP-1524-Menouar, 31000, Oran, Algeria.
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Lee JS, Song IH, Shinde PB, Nimse SB. Macrocycles and Supramolecules as Antioxidants: Excellent Scaffolds for Development of Potential Therapeutic Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E859. [PMID: 32937775 PMCID: PMC7555118 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress due to the high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage biomolecules (lipids, proteins, DNA) results in acute inflammation. However, without proper intervention, acute inflammation progresses to chronic inflammation and then to several chronic diseases, including cancer, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, and more. There has been extensive research on the antioxidants of natural origin. However, there are myriad possibilities for the development of synthetic antioxidants for pharmacological applications. There is an increasing interest in the identification of novel synthetic antioxidants for the modulation of biochemical processes related to ROS. In this regard, derivatives of supramolecules, such as calix[n]arene, resorcinarene, calixtyrosol, calixpyrrole, cucurbit[n]uril, porphyrin etc. are gaining attention for their abilities to scavenge the free radicals. Supramolecular chemistry offers excellent scaffolds for the development of novel antioxidants that can be used to modulate free radical reactions and to improve the disorders related to oxidative stress. This review focuses on the interdisciplinary approach for the design and development of novel synthetic antioxidants based on supramolecular scaffolds, with potentially protective effects against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Seop Lee
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, Korea; (J.-S.L.); (I.-h.S.)
| | - In-ho Song
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, Korea; (J.-S.L.); (I.-h.S.)
| | - Pramod B. Shinde
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India;
| | - Satish Balasaheb Nimse
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, Korea; (J.-S.L.); (I.-h.S.)
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Peyrot C, Mention MM, Brunissen F, Allais F. Sinapic Acid Esters: Octinoxate Substitutes Combining Suitable UV Protection and Antioxidant Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090782. [PMID: 32847133 PMCID: PMC7554726 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2021, Hawaii will permanently ban the use and sale of octinoxate-based sunscreens as studies have shown serious impacts of such UV filters on the coral reef. This ban, which could be generalized to other countries, highlights the extreme need to offer alternative UV filters that are not only effective in terms of sun protection, but also healthy with regards to human health and the environment. In this context, a wide library of p-hydroxycinnamic esters deriving from naturally occurring sinapic acid has been synthesized using a Knoevenagel–Doebner condensation. The UV filtering activities as well as the antioxidant properties of these sinapic acid esters were then investigated. The results showed promising UVB protection and antioxidant efficacy. A Structure–Activity Relationship (SAR) study on the sinapic acid esters highlighted the need of a free phenol to, as expected, observe antioxidant activity, but also to obtain a higher intensity of protection. Moreover, the nature of the ester moiety also proved to be a key structural feature for the UV absorbance, as higher steric hindrance on the ester moiety leads to more active compounds. The judicious structural design of sinapic esters thus provides promising compounds combining UV protection and antioxidant activity.
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Ahmad MN, Karim NU, Normaya E, Mat Piah B, Iqbal A, Ku Bulat KH. Artocarpus altilis extracts as a food-borne pathogen and oxidation inhibitors: RSM, COSMO RS, and molecular docking approaches. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9566. [PMID: 32533034 PMCID: PMC7293230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid oxidation and microbial contamination are the major factors contributing to food deterioration. Food additives like antioxidants and antibacterials can prevent food spoilage by delaying oxidation and preventing the growth of bacteria. Artocarpus altilis leaves exhibited biological properties that suggested its use as a new source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was used to optimize the extraction of bioactive compounds from the leaves using response surface methodology (yield and antioxidant activity). The optimum SFE conditions were 50.5 °C temperature, 3784 psi pressure and 52 min extraction time. Verification test results (Tukey’s test) showed that no significant difference between the expected and experimental DPPH activity and yield value (99%) were found. Gas-chromatography –mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed three major bioactive compounds existed in A. altilis extract. The extract demonstrated antioxidant and antibacterial properties with 2,3-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, tyrosinase mushrrom inhibition of 41.5%, 8.15 ± 1.31 (µg of ascorbic acid equivalents), 32%, 37% and inhibition zone diameter of 0.766 ± 0.06 cm (B. cereus) and 1.27 ± 0.12 cm (E. coli). Conductor like screening model for real solvents (COSMO RS) was performed to explain the extraction mechanism of the major bioactive compounds during SFE. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) shows the probability site of nucleophilic and electrophilic attack during bacterial inhibition. Based on molecular docking study, non-covalent interactions are the main interaction occurring between the major bioactive compounds and bacteria (antibacterial inhibition).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Norazmi Ahmad
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. .,IIUM Poisons Centre, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Nazatul Umira Karim
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Erna Normaya
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.,Research Unit, IIUM Recreational Park Kuantan Campus, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Bijarimi Mat Piah
- Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 23600 Gambang Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Anwar Iqbal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ku Halim Ku Bulat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
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Synthesis, Radical-Scavenging Activities, and Protective Effects against AAPH-Induced Oxidative Damage in DNA and Erythrocytes of Piperine Derivatives. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/9026286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperine amino acid derivatives containing phenolic hydroxyl groups were synthesized using piperine as the raw material by amide hydrolysis, amidation, ester hydrolysis, and deacetalization. The obtained products were characterized by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. The antioxidant activity of the piperine derivatives was evaluated by the DPPH and ABTS scavenging rates and the total antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the piperine amino acid (4a–4d) had relatively weak radical-scavenging ability, while the piperine amino acid derivatives (5a–5d) containing phenolic hydroxyl groups had significant radical-scavenging effects. In addition, the total reducing ability of 5a–5d was better than that of piperine. The study also found that piperine derivatives containing phenolic hydroxyl groups played an important role in inhibiting oxidative damage in DNA and erythrocytes.
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Cinnamic Acid Conjugates in the Rescuing and Repurposing of Classical Antimalarial Drugs. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010066. [PMID: 31878190 PMCID: PMC6982862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinnamic acids are compounds of natural origin that can be found in many different parts of a wide panoply of plants, where they play the most diverse biological roles, often in a conjugated form. For a long time, this has been driving Medicinal Chemists towards the investigation of the therapeutic potential of natural, semi-synthetic, or fully synthetic cinnamic acid conjugates. These efforts have been steadily disclosing promising drug leads, but a wide chemical space remains that deserves to be further explored. Amongst different reported approaches, the combination or conjugation of cinnamic acids with known drugs has been addressed in an attempt to produce either synergistic or multi-target action. In this connection, the present review will focus on efforts of the past decade regarding conjugation with cinnamic acids as a tool for the rescuing or the repurposing of classical antimalarial drugs, and also on future perspectives in this particular field of research.
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of N-(3-nitrophenyl)cinnamamide. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9110599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
N-(3-nitrophenyl)cinnamamide 1 with formula C15H12N2O3 was synthesized, and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with unit cell dimensions: a = 6.7810 (5) Å, b = 23.0913 (15) Å, c = 8.2079 (5) Å, V = 1282.76 (15) Å3, Z = 4, determined at 150 K with MoKα radiation. The experimental structure refined against atomic scattering factors is compared with the structure obtained using a Hirshfeld Atom Refinement (HAR) approach and Density Functional Theory (DFT) geometry optimizations.
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Neelam, Khatkar A, Sharma KK. Phenylpropanoids and its derivatives: biological activities and its role in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2655-2675. [PMID: 31456411 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1653822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoids and their derivatives are plant secondary metabolites widely present in fruits, vegetables, cereal grains, beverages, spices and herbs. They are known to have multifaceted effects which include antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer activities and as well as exhibits renoprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective and hepatoprotective effects. Owing to their antioxidant, antimicrobial and photoprotective properties, these compounds have wide application in the food (preservation, packaging films and edible coating), pharmaceutical, cosmetic and other industries such as textile (colorant), biofuel (antioxidant additive) and sensors (sensing biologically relevant molecules). Phenylpropanoids are present in commercially available dietary supplements and skin care products. In this review, we have presented the current knowledge on the biosynthesis, occurrence, biological activities of phenylpropanoids and their derivatives, along with the mechanism of action and their potential applications in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Anurag Khatkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Krishna Kant Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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An alternative way to analogues of avenanthramides and their antiradical activity. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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