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Andiappan R, Govindan R, Ramasamy T, Poomarimuthu M. Circulating miR-133a-3p and miR-451a as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Acta Cardiol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39373072 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2024.2410599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. Despite significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, still there is a clinical need to identify novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of CAD. The aim of the study is to investigate circulating miRNAs in CAD patients to identify potential biomarkers for early detection and therapeutic management of CAD. METHODS We assessed the expression of different candidate miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-133a-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-451a and miR-584-5p) in plasma from 50 CAD patients and 50 controls by qRT-PCR analysis. RESULTS The expression levels of miR-133a-3p (fold change (FC): 28.05, p < 0.0001), miR-451a (FC: 27.47, p < 0.0001), miR-584-5p (FC: 7.89, p < 0.0001), miR-21-5p (FC: 5.35, p < 0.0001) and miR-221-3p (FC: 5.03, p < 0.0001) were significantly up-regulated in CAD patients compared to controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that miR-133a-3p and miR-451a were powerful biomarkers for detecting CAD. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that miR-21-5p, miR-133a-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-451a and miR-584-5p may serve as independent biomarkers for CAD. Further, the combination of miR-133a-3p and miR-451a could be used as a specific signature in CAD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathinavel Andiappan
- Department of Cardio Vascular Thoracic Surgery, Madurai Medical College & Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramajayam Govindan
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Ramasamy
- Maternal-Child health Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Lee TL, Shen WC, Chen YC, Lai TC, Lin SR, Lin SW, Yu IS, Yeh YH, Li TK, Lee IT, Lee CW, Chen YL. Mir221- and Mir222-enriched adsc-exosomes mitigate PM exposure-exacerbated cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury through the modulation of the BNIP3-MAP1LC3B-BBC3/PUMA pathway. Autophagy 2024:1-20. [PMID: 39245438 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2395799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidemiology has shown a strong relationship between fine particulate matter (PM) exposure and cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unknown whether PM aggravates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and the related mechanisms are unclear. Our previous study has shown that adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (ADSC-Exos) contain high levels of Mir221 and Mir222. The present study investigated the effects of PM exposure on I/R-induced cardiac injury through mitophagy and apoptosis, as well as the potential role of Mir221 and Mir222 in ADSC-Exos. Wild-type, mir221- and mir222-knockout (KO), and Mir221- and Mir222-overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice were intratracheally injected with PM (10 mg/kg). After 24 h, mice underwent left coronary artery ligation for 30 min, followed by 3 h of reperfusion (I/R). H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured under 1% O2 for 6 h, then reoxygenated for 12 h (hypoxia-reoxygenation [H/R]). PM aggravated I/R (or H/R) cardiac injury by increasing ROS levels and causing mitochondrial dysfunction, which increased the expression of mitochondrial fission-related proteins (DNM1L/Drp1 and MFF) and mitophagy-related proteins (BNIP3 and MAP1LC3B/LC3B) in vivo and in vitro. Treatment with ADSC-Exos or Mir221- and Mir222-mimics significantly reduced PM+I/R-induced cardiac injury. Importantly, ADSC-Exos contain Mir221 and Mir222, which directly targets BNIP3, MAP1LC3B/LC3B, and BBC3/PUMA, decreasing their expression and ultimately reducing cardiomyocyte mitophagy and apoptosis. The present data showed that ADSC-Exos treatment regulated mitophagy and apoptosis through the Mir221 and Mir222-BNIP3-MAP1LC3B-BBC3/PUMA pathway and significantly reduced the cardiac damage caused by PM+I/R. The present study revealed the novel therapeutic potential of ADSC-Exos in alleviating PM-induced exacerbation of myocardial I/R injury.Abbreviation: ADSC-Exos: adipose-derived stem cell exosomes; AL: autolysosome; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; BBC3/PUMA: BCL2 binding component 3; BNIP3: BCL2/adenovirus E1B interacting protein 3; CASP3: caspase 3; CASP9: caspase 9; CDKN1B/p27: cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DCFH-DA: 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; DHE: dihydroethidium; DNM1L/Drp1: dynamin 1-like; EF: ejection fraction; FS: fractional shortening; H/R: hypoxia-reoxygenation; I/R: ischemia-reperfusion; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MFF: mitochondrial fission factor; miRNA: microRNA; NAC: N-acetylcysteine; OCR: oxygen consumption rate; PIK3C3/Vps34: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PM: particulate matter; PRKAA1/AMPK: protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TRP53/p53: transformation related protein 53; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Lin Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Shen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chun Lai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Rung Lin
- Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Science, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wha Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Shing Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiu Yeh
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Kun Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Centers for Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Wen Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lien Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Arapi B, Unal S, Malikova N, Omeroglu SN, Guven M. A cross-sectional study comparing the expression of DNA repair molecules in subjects with and without atherosclerotic plaques. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:953. [PMID: 39230767 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis, serving as the primary pathological mechanism at the core of cardiovascular disease, is now widely acknowledged to be associated with DNA damage and repair, contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Therefore, molecules involved in the DNA repair process may play an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Our research endeavors to explore the contributions of specific and interrelated molecules involved in DNA repair (APE1, BRCA1, ERCC2, miR-221-3p, miR-145-5p, and miR-155-5p) to the development of atherosclerotic plaque and their interactions with each other. METHODS & RESULTS Gene expression study was conducted using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method on samples from carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques and nonatherosclerotic internal mammary arteries obtained from 50 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease and carotid artery disease. Additionally, 50 healthy controls were included for the determination of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Although no difference was observed in mRNA gene expressions, we noted a decrease in miR-155-5p gene expression (p = 0.003) and an increase in miR-221-3p gene expression (p = 0.015) in plaque samples, while miR-145-5p gene expression remained unchanged (p = 0.57). Regarding serum 8-OHdG levels, patients exhibited significantly higher levels (1111.82 ± 28.64) compared to controls (636.23 ± 24.23) (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In our study demonstrating the role of miR-155-5p and miR-221-3p in atherosclerosis, we propose that these molecules are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for coronary artery diseases and carotid artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berk Arapi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Unal
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey
| | - Narmina Malikova
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey
| | - Suat Nail Omeroglu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Guven
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
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Agrawal P, Olgun G, Singh A, Gopalan V, Hannenhalli I. Characterizing the role of exosomal miRNAs in metastasis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.20.608894. [PMID: 39372783 PMCID: PMC11451750 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.20.608894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Background Exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs), transported via exosomes, play a pivotal role in intercellular communication. In cancer, exomiRs influence tumor progression by regulating key cellular processes such as proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Their role in mediating communication between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment highlights their significance as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Methodology In this study, we aimed to characterize the role of exomiRs in influencing the pre-metastatic niche (PMN). Across 7 tumor types, including 4 cell lines and three tumors, we extracted high confidence exomiRs (Log FC >= 2 in exosomes relative to control) and their targets (experimentally identified and targeted by at least 2 exomiRs). Subsequently, we identified enriched pathways and selected the top 100 high-confidence exomiR targets based on the frequency of their appearance in the enriched pathways. These top 100 targets were consistently used throughout the analysis. Results Cancer cell line and tumor derived ExomiRs have significantly higher GC content relative to genomic background. Pathway enriched among the top exomiR targets included general cancer-associated processes such as "wound healing" and "regulation of epithelial cell proliferation", as well as cancer-specific processes, such as "regulation of angiogenesis in kidney" (KIRC), "ossification" in lung (LUAD), and "positive regulation of cytokine production" in pancreatic cancer (PAAD). Similarly, 'Pathways in cancer' and 'MicroRNAs in cancer' ranked among the top 10 enriched KEGG pathways in all cancer types. ExomiR targets were not only enriched for cancer-specific tumor suppressor genes (TSG) but are also downregulated in pre-metastatic niche formed in lungs compared to normal lung. Motif analysis shows high similarity among motifs identified from exomiRs across cancer types. Our analysis recapitulates exomiRs associated with M2 macrophage differentiation and chemoresistance such as miR-21 and miR-222-3p, regulating signaling pathways such as PTEN/PI3/Akt, NF-κB, etc. Cox regression indicated that exomiR targets are significantly associated with overall survival of patients in TCGA. Lastly, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model using exomiR target gene expression classified responders and non-responders to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with an AUROC of 0.96 (in LUAD), higher than other previously reported gene signatures. Conclusion Our study characterizes the pivotal role of exomiRs in shaping the PMN in diverse cancers, underscoring their diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
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Letonja J, Petrovič D. A Review of MicroRNAs and lncRNAs in Atherosclerosis as Well as Some Major Inflammatory Conditions Affecting Atherosclerosis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1322. [PMID: 38927529 PMCID: PMC11201627 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It is generally accepted that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. The link between atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) via metabolic, inflammatory, and immunoregulatory pathways is well established. The aim of our review was to summarize the associations between selected microRNAs (miRs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and atherosclerosis, psoriasis, T2DM, and RA. We reviewed the role of miR-146a, miR-210, miR-143, miR-223, miR-126, miR-21, miR-155, miR-145, miR-200, miR-133, miR-135, miR-221, miR-424, let-7, lncRNA-H19, lncRNA-MEG3, lncRNA-UCA1, and lncRNA-XIST in atherosclerosis and psoriasis, T2DM, and RA. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a method of intracellular signal transduction. Their function depends on surface expression, cargo, and the cell from which they originate. The majority of the studies that investigated lncRNAs and some miRs had relatively small sample sizes, which limits the generalizability of their findings and indicates the need for more research. Based on the studies reviewed, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-145, miR-200, miR-133, and lncRNA-H19 are the most promising potential biomarkers and, possibly, therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis as well as T2DM, RA, and psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Letonja
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Laboratory for Histology and Genetics of Atherosclerosis and Microvascular Diseases, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Danijel Petrovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Laboratory for Histology and Genetics of Atherosclerosis and Microvascular Diseases, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Wańczura P, Aebisher D, Iwański MA, Myśliwiec A, Dynarowicz K, Bartusik-Aebisher D. The Essence of Lipoproteins in Cardiovascular Health and Diseases Treated by Photodynamic Therapy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:961. [PMID: 38790923 PMCID: PMC11117957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids, together with lipoprotein particles, are the cause of atherosclerosis, which is a pathology of the cardiovascular system. In addition, it affects inflammatory processes and affects the vessels and heart. In pharmaceutical answer to this, statins are considered a first-stage treatment method to block cholesterol synthesis. Many times, additional drugs are also used with this method to lower lipid concentrations in order to achieve certain values of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Recent advances in photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a new cancer treatment have gained the therapy much attention as a minimally invasive and highly selective method. Photodynamic therapy has been proven more effective than chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy alone in numerous studies. Consequently, photodynamic therapy research has expanded in many fields of medicine due to its increased therapeutic effects and reduced side effects. Currently, PDT is the most commonly used therapy for treating age-related macular degeneration, as well as inflammatory diseases, and skin infections. The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy against a number of pathogens has also been demonstrated in various studies. Also, PDT has been used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and hyperplasia of the arterial intima. This review evaluates the effectiveness and usefulness of photodynamic therapy in cardiovascular diseases. According to the analysis, photodynamic therapy is a promising approach for treating cardiovascular diseases and may lead to new clinical trials and management standards. Our review addresses the used therapeutic strategies and also describes new therapeutic strategies to reduce the cardiovascular burden that is induced by lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wańczura
- Department of Cardiology, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mateusz A Iwański
- English Division Science Club, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Angelika Myśliwiec
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
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Salama RM, Eissa N, Doghish AS, Abulsoud AI, Abdelmaksoud NM, Mohammed OA, Abdel Mageed SS, Darwish SF. Decoding the secrets of longevity: unraveling nutraceutical and miRNA-Mediated aging pathways and therapeutic strategies. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1373741. [PMID: 38605867 PMCID: PMC11007187 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1373741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA molecules that are not involved in coding for proteins. They have a significant function in regulating gene expression after the process of transcription. Their participation in several biological processes has rendered them appealing subjects for investigating age-related disorders. Increasing data indicates that miRNAs can be influenced by dietary variables, such as macronutrients, micronutrients, trace minerals, and nutraceuticals. This review examines the influence of dietary factors and nutraceuticals on the regulation of miRNA in relation to the process of aging. We examine the present comprehension of miRNA disruption in age-related illnesses and emphasize the possibility of dietary manipulation as a means of prevention or treatment. Consolidating animal and human research is essential to validate the significance of dietary miRNA control in living organisms, despite the abundance of information already provided by several studies. This review elucidates the complex interaction among miRNAs, nutrition, and aging, offering valuable insights into promising areas for further research and potential therapies for age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M. Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermin Eissa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Osama A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif S. Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar F. Darwish
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
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Zhu B, Wu H, Li KS, Eisa-Beygi S, Singh B, Bielenberg DR, Huang W, Chen H. Two sides of the same coin: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 154:107249. [PMID: 38070759 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis remain high, which is primarily due to widespread adoption of a western diet and sedentary lifestyle. NAFLD, together with advanced forms of this disease such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis, are closely associated with atherosclerotic-cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In this review, we discussed the association between NAFLD and atherosclerosis and expounded on the common molecular biomarkers underpinning the pathogenesis of both NAFLD and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we have summarized the mode of function and potential clinical utility of existing drugs in the context of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kathryn S Li
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Shahram Eisa-Beygi
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Bandana Singh
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Diane R Bielenberg
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Wendong Huang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolic Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, United States of America
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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Chen WH, Chen CH, Hsu MC, Chang RW, Wang CH, Lee TS. Advances in the molecular mechanisms of statins in regulating endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability: Interlocking biology between eNOS activity and L-arginine metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116192. [PMID: 38262153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A, are widely used to treat hypercholesterolemia. In addition, statins have been suggested to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events owing to their pleiotropic effects on the vascular system, including vasodilation, anti-inflammation, anti-coagulation, anti-oxidation, and inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. The major beneficial effect of statins in maintaining vascular homeostasis is the induction of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by activating endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells. The mechanisms underlying the increased NO bioavailability and eNOS activation by statins have been well-established in various fields, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, kinase-dependent phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions. However, the mechanism by which statins affect the metabolism of L-arginine, a precursor of NO biosynthesis, has rarely been discussed. Autophagy, which is crucial for energy homeostasis, regulates endothelial functions, including NO production and angiogenesis, and is a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, in addition to summarizing the molecular mechanisms underlying increased NO bioavailability and eNOS activation by statins, we also discuss the effects of statins on the metabolism of L-arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Chen
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chen Hsu
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Wen Chang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Wang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Lee
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Sadykova D, Nigmatullina R, Salakhova K, Slastnikova E, Galimova L, Khaliullina C, Valeeva I. Membrane Transporter of Serotonin and Hypercholesterolemia in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:767. [PMID: 38255840 PMCID: PMC10815017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The serotonin membrane transporter is one of the main mechanisms of plasma serotonin concentration regulation. Serotonin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, stimulating the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, key cells in the process of hypertrophic vascular remodeling. Vascular remodeling is one of the leading prognostically unfavorable factors of atherosclerosis, the main manifestation of familial hypercholesterolemia. Familial hypercholesterolemia is one of the most common genetically determined lipid metabolism disorders and occurs in 1 in 313 people. The aim of our study was to investigate the levels of plasma and platelet serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and membrane transporter in a cross-sectional study of two pediatric groups, including patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and the control group, which consisted of apparently healthy children without cardiovascular diseases. The study involved 116 children aged 5 to 17 years old. The proportion of boys was 50% (58/116) and the average age of the children was 10.5 years (CI 2.8-18.1). The concentrations of serotonin in blood plasma and platelets and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were higher in children with familial hypercholesterolemia than in the controls. The concentration of the serotonin transporter in platelets in healthy children, compared with the main group, was 1.3 times higher. A positive correlation was revealed between the level of serotonin (5-HT and PWV: ρ = 0.6, p < 0.001), its transporter (SERT and PWV: ρ = 0.5, p < 0.001), and the main indicators of arterial vascular stiffness. Our study revealed the relationship between high serotonin and SERT concentrations and markers of arterial stiffness. The results we obtained suggest the involvement of serotonin and SERT in the process of vascular remodeling in familial hypercholesterolemia in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinara Sadykova
- Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (K.S.); (E.S.); (L.G.); (C.K.)
| | - Razina Nigmatullina
- Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Karina Salakhova
- Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (K.S.); (E.S.); (L.G.); (C.K.)
| | - Evgeniia Slastnikova
- Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (K.S.); (E.S.); (L.G.); (C.K.)
- Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital, 420138 Kazan, Russia
| | - Liliya Galimova
- Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (K.S.); (E.S.); (L.G.); (C.K.)
- Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital, 420138 Kazan, Russia
| | - Chulpan Khaliullina
- Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (K.S.); (E.S.); (L.G.); (C.K.)
| | - Ildaria Valeeva
- Central Research Laboratory, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia;
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11
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Gentile AM, Lhamyani S, Mengual-Mesa M, García-Fuentes E, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Rojo-Martínez G, Clemente-Postigo M, Rodriguez-Cañete A, Olveira G, El Bekay R. MiR-221-3p/222-3p Cluster Expression in Human Adipose Tissue Is Related to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17449. [PMID: 38139277 PMCID: PMC10744326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is intricately linked with adipose tissue (AT) angiogenesis. Despite an established network of microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating AT function, the specific role of angiogenic miRNAs remains less understood. The miR-221/222 cluster has recently emerged as being associated with antiangiogenic activity. However, no studies have explored its role in human AT amidst the concurrent development of obesity and T2D. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between the miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster in human AT and its regulatory network with obesity and T2D. MiR-221-3p/222-3p and their target gene (TG) expression levels were quantified through qPCR in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) AT from patients (n = 33) categorized based on BMI as normoweight (NW) and obese (OB) and by glycemic status as normoglycemic (NG) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) subjects. In silico analyses of miR-221-3p/222-3p and their TGs were conducted to identify pertinent signaling pathways. The results of a multivariate analysis, considering the simultaneous expression of miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p as dependent variables, revealed statistically significant distinctions when accounting for variables such as tissue depot, obesity, sex, and T2D as independent factors. Furthermore, both miRNAs and their TGs exhibited differential expression patterns based on obesity severity, glycemic status, sex, and type of AT depot. Our in silico analysis indicated that miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster TGs predominantly participate in angiogenesis, WNT signaling, and apoptosis pathways. In conclusion, these findings underscore a promising avenue for future research, emphasizing the miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster and its associated regulatory networks as potential targets for addressing obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Mariel Gentile
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Mengual-Mesa
- Andalucía Tech, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Systems and Automation Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de Málaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Eduardo García-Fuentes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Rodriguez-Cañete
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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12
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Malik N, Kundu A, Gupta Y, Irshad K, Arora M, Goswami S, Mahajan S, Sarkar C, Suri V, Suri A, Chattopadhyay P, Sinha S, Chosdol K. Protumorigenic role of the atypical cadherin FAT1 by the suppression of PDCD10 via RelA/miR221-3p/222-3p axis in glioblastoma. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1817-1831. [PMID: 37606187 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The atypical cadherin FAT1 function either as a pro or antitumorigenic in tumors of different tissue origins. Our group previously demonstrated the protumorigenic nature of FAT1 signaling in glioblastoma (GBM). In this study, we investigated how FAT1 influences the expression of clustered oncomiRs (miR-221-3p/miR-222-3p) and their downstream effects in GBM. Through several experiments involving the measurement of specific gene/microRNA expression, gene knockdowns, protein and cellular assays, we have demonstrated a novel oncogenic signaling pathway mediated by FAT1 in glioma. These results have been verified using antimiRs and miR-mimic assays. Initially, in glioma-derived cell lines (U87MG and LN229), we observed FAT1 as a novel up-regulator of the transcription factor NFκB-RelA. RelA then promotes the expression of the clustered-oncomiRs, miR-221-3p/miR-222-3p, which in turn suppresses the expression of the tumor suppressor gene (TSG), PDCD10 (Programmed cell death protein10). The suppression of PDCD10, and other known TSG targets (PTEN/PUMA), by miR-221-3p/miR-222-3p, leads to increased clonogenicity, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. Consistent with our in-vitro findings, we observed a positive expression correlation of FAT1 and miR-221-3p, and an inverse correlation of FAT1 and the miR-targets (PDCD10/PTEN/PUMA), in GBM tissue-samples. These findings were also supported by publicly available GBM databases (The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA] and The Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data [Rembrandt]). Patients with tumors displaying high levels of FAT1 and miR-221-3p expression (50% and 65% respectively) experienced shorter overall survival. Similar results were observed in the TCGA-GBM database. Thus, our findings show a novel FAT1/RelA/miR-221/miR-222 oncogenic-effector pathway that downregulates the TSG, PDCD10, in GBM, which could be targeted therapeutically in a specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nargis Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Archismita Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Yakhlesh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushboo Irshad
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manvi Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Mahajan
- Neuropathology Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chitra Sarkar
- Neuropathology Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vaishali Suri
- Neuropathology Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Suri
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Subrata Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kunzang Chosdol
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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13
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Singh M, Singh B, Sharma K, Kumar N, Mastana S, Singh P. A Molecular Troika of Angiogenesis, Coagulopathy and Endothelial Dysfunction in the Pathology of Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2023; 12:2278. [PMID: 37759498 PMCID: PMC10528276 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a painful disorder characterized by the cessation of blood supply to the femoral head, leading to its death and subsequent joint collapse. Influenced by several risk factors, including corticosteroid use, excessive alcohol intake, hypercholesterolemia, smoking and some inflammatory disorders, along with cancer, its clinical consequences are thrombus formation due to underlying inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which collaborates with coagulopathy and impaired angiogenesis. Nonetheless, angiogenesis resolves the obstructed free flow of the blood by providing alternative routes. Clinical manifestations of early stage of ANFH mimic cysts or lesions in subchondral bone, vasculitis and transient osteoporosis of the hip, rendering it difficult to diagnose, complex to understand and complicated to cure. To date, the treatment methods for ANFH are controversial as no foolproof curative strategy is available, and these depend upon different severity levels of the ANFH. From an in-depth understanding of the pathological determinants of ANFH, it is clear that impaired angiogenesis, coagulopathy and endothelial dysfunction contribute significantly. The present review has set two aims, firstly to examine the role and relevance of this molecular triad (impaired angiogenesis, coagulopathy and endothelial dysfunction) in ANFH pathology and secondly to propose some putative therapeutic strategies, delineating the fact that, for the better management of ANFH, a combined strategy to curtail this molecular triangle must be composed rather than focusing on individual contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Singh
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India; (M.S.)
| | - Baani Singh
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India; (M.S.)
| | - Kirti Sharma
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India; (M.S.)
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India; (M.S.)
| | - Sarabjit Mastana
- Human Genomics Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Puneetpal Singh
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India; (M.S.)
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14
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Wen J, Tang B, Guo L, Chen W, Tang X. miR-145 Alleviates Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Transition via ADAM17-Mediated ACE2 Shedding. Int J Hypertens 2023; 2023:9497716. [PMID: 37521117 PMCID: PMC10374374 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9497716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that miR-145 is involved in the differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and may regulate vascular remodeling. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these pathological processes in hypertension are not fully elucidated. The present study was to examine whether miR-145 modulates phenotypic transformation of VSMCs under normal state and synthetic state and to explore the possible role of ADAM17-mediated ACE2 shedding and ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas receptor axis. Wistar rats were fed with high-sucrose/high-fat diet for 30 weeks to establish a metabolic hypertension animal model. VSMCs were cultured and treated with Ang II with or without miR-145 mimics or miR-145 inhibitor. Results showed the expression of contractile markers α-SMA and SM22α, miR-145, ACE2, and Mas receptor reduced in the thoracic aorta of metabolic hypertensive rats (MHRs), while that of synthetic marker OPN increased as compared to the control group. In in vitro study, miR-145 inhibitor inhibited the expression of α-SMA, SM22α, ACE2, Mas receptor, and the Ang-(1-7) excretion and induced the expression of synthetic markers OPN, EREG, and MMP2. However, miR-145 mimic produced opposite effects on the VSMCs. In addition, in the synthetic VSMC induced by Ang II, miR-145 inhibitor partially reversed the induced expression of OPN, EREG, and MMP2 by Ang II, while further decreasing the expression of α-SMA and SM22α and ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas receptor. Cotreatment with ADAM17 siRNA partially reversed the inducible effect of miR-145 inhibitor on the EREG and MMP2, induced Ang-(1-7) excretion, and upregulated ACE2 and Mas receptor expression. In conclusion, miR-145 alleviates phenotype transition from contractile to synthetic type via ADAM17-mediated ACE2 shedding in VSMCs and retains the activation of ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis, which may benefit the vascular structural remodeling in the metabolic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Baiyi Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xiaohong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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15
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Yu F, Duan Y, Liu C, Huang H, Xiao X, He Z. Extracellular vesicles in atherosclerosis and vascular calcification: the versatile non-coding RNAs from endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1193660. [PMID: 37469665 PMCID: PMC10352799 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1193660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by the accumulation of lipids, fibrous elements, and calcification in the innermost layers of arteries. Vascular calcification (VC), the deposition of calcium and phosphate within the arterial wall, is an important characteristic of AS natural history. However, medial arterial calcification (MAC) differs from intimal calcification and cannot simply be explained as the consequence of AS. Endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are directly involved in AS and VC processes. Understanding the communication between ECs and VSMCs is critical in revealing mechanisms underlying AS and VC. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are found as intercellular messengers in kinds of physiological processes and pathological progression. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) encapsulated in EVs are involved in AS and VC, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). The effects of ncRNAs have not been comprehensively understood, especially encapsulated in EVs. Some ncRNAs have demonstrated significant roles in AS and VC, but it remains unclear the functions of the majority ncRNAs detected in EVs. In this review, we summarize ncRNAs encapsulated in EC-EVs and VSMC-EVs, and the signaling pathways that are involved in AS and VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yingjie Duan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chongmei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yueyang People's Hospital, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhangxiu He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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16
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Kshirsagar A, Doroshev SM, Gorelik A, Olender T, Sapir T, Tsuboi D, Rosenhek-Goldian I, Malitsky S, Itkin M, Argoetti A, Mandel-Gutfreund Y, Cohen SR, Hanna JH, Ulitsky I, Kaibuchi K, Reiner O. LIS1 RNA-binding orchestrates the mechanosensitive properties of embryonic stem cells in AGO2-dependent and independent ways. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3293. [PMID: 37280197 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38797-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lissencephaly-1 (LIS1) is associated with neurodevelopmental diseases and is known to regulate the molecular motor cytoplasmic dynein activity. Here we show that LIS1 is essential for the viability of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), and it governs the physical properties of these cells. LIS1 dosage substantially affects gene expression, and we uncovered an unexpected interaction of LIS1 with RNA and RNA-binding proteins, most prominently the Argonaute complex. We demonstrate that LIS1 overexpression partially rescued the extracellular matrix (ECM) expression and mechanosensitive genes conferring stiffness to Argonaute null mESCs. Collectively, our data transforms the current perspective on the roles of LIS1 in post-transcriptional regulation underlying development and mechanosensitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Kshirsagar
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Svetlana Maslov Doroshev
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anna Gorelik
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tamar Sapir
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daisuke Tsuboi
- International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Irit Rosenhek-Goldian
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amir Argoetti
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Sidney R Cohen
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jacob H Hanna
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Orly Reiner
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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17
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Wilkus-Adamczyk K, Brodaczewska K, Majewska A, Kieda C. Microenvironment commits breast tumor ECs to dedifferentiation by micro-RNA-200-b-3p regulation and extracellular matrix remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1125077. [PMID: 37261072 PMCID: PMC10229062 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1125077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxia shapes the tumor microenvironment, modulates distinct cell population activities, and activates pathological angiogenesis in cancer, where endothelial cells (ECs) are the most important players. This study aimed to evidence the influences of the tumor microenvironment on the global gene expression pattern characteristic for ECs and the distinct responses displayed by tumor-derived ECs in comparison to the healthy endothelium during endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and its regulation by miR-200-b-3p. Methodology: Immortalized lines of ECs from the same patient with breast cancer, healthy breast tissue (HBH.MEC), and primary tumor (HBCa.MEC) were used. The experiments were performed in normoxia and hypoxia for 48 h. By using the wound healing test, we investigated the migration abilities of ECs. Global gene expression analysis with NGS was carried out to detect new pathways altered in pathological ECs and find the most changed miRNAs. The validation of NGS data from RNA and miRNA was estimated by qPCRs. Mimic miR-200b-3p was used in HBH.MEC, and the targets VEGF, Bcl2, ROCK2, and SP1 were checked. Results: Hypoxia influences EC migration properties in wound healing assays. In hypoxia, healthy ECs migrate slower than they do in normoxia, as opposed to HBCa.MEC, where no decreased migration ability is induced by hypoxia due to EndMT features. NGS data identified this process to be altered in cancer ECs through extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. The deregulated genes, validated by qPCR, included SPP1, ITGB6, COL4A4, ADAMST2, LAMA1, GAS6, PECAM1, ELN, FBLN2, COL6A3, and COL9A3. NGS also identified collagens, laminins, fibronectins, and integrins, as being deregulated in tumor-derived ECs. Moreover, the analysis of the 10 most intensively modified miRNAs, when breast tumor-derived ECs were compared to healthy ECs, shed light on miR-200b-3p, which is strongly upregulated in HBCa.MECs when compared to HBH.MECs. Discussion and conclusion: The pathological ECs differed significantly, both phenotypically and functionally, from the normal corresponding tissue, thus influencing their microenvironment cross-talk. The gene expression profile confirms the EndMT phenotype of tumor-derived ECs and migratory properties acquisition. Moreover, it indicates the role of miR-200b-3p, that is, regulating EndMT in pathological ECs and silencing several angiogenic growth factors and their receptors by directly targeting their mRNA transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Wilkus-Adamczyk
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine- National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Brodaczewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine- National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Majewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine- National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine- National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Molecular Biophysics UPR 4301 CNRS, Orleans, France
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18
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Torres-Paz YE, Gamboa R, Fuentevilla-Álvarez G, Soto ME, González-Moyotl N, Martínez-Alvarado R, Torres-Tamayo M, Ramírez-Marroquín ES, Vásquez-Jiménez X, Sainz-Escarrega V, Huesca-Gómez C. Overexpression of microRNA-21-5p and microRNA-221-5p in Monocytes Increases the Risk of Developing Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108641. [PMID: 37239987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are found to be present in monocytes. This study aimed to investigate miR-221-5p, miR-21-5p, and miR-155-5p, their expression in monocytes, and their role in coronary arterial disease (CAD). The study population comprised 110 subjects, and RT-qPCR was used to examine the miR-221-5p, miR-21-5p, and miR-155-5p expressions in monocytes. Results: the miR-21-5p (p = 0.001) and miR-221-5p (p < 0.001) expression levels were significantly higher in the CAD group, and the miR-155-5p (p = 0.021) expression levels were significantly lower in the CAD group; only miR-21-5p and miR-221-5p upregulation was found to be associated with an increased CAD risk. The results show significant increases in miR-21-5p in the unmedicated CAD group with the metformin patients vs. the healthy control group (p = 0.001) and vs. the medicated CAD group with metformin (p = 0.022). The same was true for miR-221-5p in the CAD patients unmedicated with metformin vs. the healthy control group (p < 0.001). Our results from Mexican CAD patients show that the overexpression in monocytes of miR-21-5p and miR-221-5p increases the risk of the development of CAD. In addition, in the CAD group, the metformin downregulated the expression of miR-21-5p and miR-221-5p. Also, the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) decreased significantly in our patients with CAD, regardless of whether they were medicated. Therefore, our findings allow for the proposal of new therapeutic strategies for the diagnosis and prognosis of CAD and the evaluation of treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazmín Estela Torres-Paz
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
- Postgraduate Program in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Gamboa
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Giovanny Fuentevilla-Álvarez
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
- Biochemistry Department, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), México City 11350, Mexico
| | - María Elena Soto
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Nadia González-Moyotl
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
- Master's Program in Health Science, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), México City 11350, Mexico
| | - Rocío Martínez-Alvarado
- Endocrinology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Margarita Torres-Tamayo
- Endocrinology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
| | | | - Xicoténcatl Vásquez-Jiménez
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Víctor Sainz-Escarrega
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia Huesca-Gómez
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México City 14080, Mexico
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19
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Zhao K, Kong C, Shi N, Jiang J, Li P. Potential angiogenic, immunomodulatory, and antifibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in systemic sclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125257. [PMID: 37251412 PMCID: PMC10213547 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an intricate systemic autoimmune disease with pathological features such as vascular injury, immune dysregulation, and extensive fibrosis of the skin and multiple organs. Treatment options are limited; however, recently, mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been acknowledged in preclinical and clinical trials as being useful in treating autoimmune diseases and are likely superior to MSCs alone. Recent research has also shown that MSC-EVs can ameliorate SSc and the pathological changes in vasculopathy, immune dysfunction, and fibrosis. This review summarizes the therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs on SSc and the mechanisms that have been discovered to provide a theoretical basis for future studies on the role of MSC-EVs in treating SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenfei Kong
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Naixu Shi
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinlan Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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20
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Wang G, Luo Y, Gao X, Liang Y, Yang F, Wu J, Fang D, Luo M. MicroRNA regulation of phenotypic transformations in vascular smooth muscle: relevance to vascular remodeling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:144. [PMID: 37165163 PMCID: PMC11071847 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) phenotype play a critical role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis after angioplasty. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs (approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length) that function as regulators in various physiological and pathophysiological events. Recent studies have suggested that aberrant miRNAs' expression might underlie VSMC phenotypic transformation, appearing to regulate the phenotypic transformations of VSMCs by targeting specific genes that either participate in the maintenance of the contractile phenotype or contribute to the transformation to alternate phenotypes, and affecting atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary artery disease by altering VSMC proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, calcification, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, suggesting an important regulatory role in vascular remodeling for maintaining vascular homeostasis. This review outlines recent progress in the discovery of miRNAs and elucidation of their mechanisms of action and functions in VSMC phenotypic regulation. Importantly, as the literature supports roles for miRNAs in modulating vascular remodeling and for maintaining vascular homeostasis, this area of research will likely provide new insights into clinical diagnosis and prognosis and ultimately facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulin Luo
- GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital (Traditional Chinese Medicine) of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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21
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Is the microRNA-221/222 Cluster Ushering in a New Age of Cardiovascular Diseases? COR ET VASA 2023. [DOI: 10.33678/cor.2022.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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22
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Yang M, Zhang Y, Li M, Liu X, Darvishi M. The various role of microRNAs in breast cancer angiogenesis, with a special focus on novel miRNA-based delivery strategies. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:24. [PMID: 36765409 PMCID: PMC9912632 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
After skin malignancy, breast cancer is the most widely recognized cancer detected in women in the United States. Breast cancer (BCa) can happen in all kinds of people, but it's much more common in women. One in four cases of cancer and one in six deaths due to cancer are related to breast cancer. Angiogenesis is an essential factor in the growth of tumors and metastases in various malignancies. An expanded level of angiogenesis is related to diminished endurance in BCa patients. This function assumes a fundamental part inside the human body, from the beginning phases of life to dangerous malignancy. Various factors, referred to as angiogenic factors, work to make a new capillary. Expanding proof demonstrates that angiogenesis is managed by microRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNA with 19-25 nucleotides. MiRNA is a post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression that controls many critical biological processes. Endothelial miRNAs, referred to as angiomiRs, are probably concerned with tumor improvement and angiogenesis via regulation of pro-and anti-angiogenic factors. In this article, we reviewed therapeutic functions of miRNAs in BCa angiogenesis, several novel delivery carriers for miRNA-based therapeutics, as well as CRISPR/Cas9 as a targeted therapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101 China
| | - Min Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101 China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101 China
| | - Mohammad Darvishi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Alexanova A, Raitoharju E, Valtonen J, Aalto-Setälä K, Viiri LE. Coronary artery disease patient-derived iPSC-hepatocytes have distinct miRNA profile that may alter lipid metabolism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1706. [PMID: 36717592 PMCID: PMC9886909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction, partly driven by altered liver function, predisposes to coronary artery disease (CAD), but the role of liver in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque development remains unclear. Here we produced hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) from 27 induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines derived from 15 study subjects with stable CAD (n = 5), acute CAD (n = 5) or healthy controls (n = 5). We performed a miRNA microarray screening throughout the differentiation, as well as compared iPSC-HLCs miRNA profiles of the patient groups to identify miRNAs involved in the development of CAD. MicroRNA profile changed during differentiation and started to resemble that of the primary human hepatocytes. In the microarray, 35 and 87 miRNAs were statistically significantly deregulated in the acute and stable CAD patients, respectively, compared to controls. Down-regulation of miR-149-5p, -92a-3p and -221-3p, and up-regulation of miR-122-5p was verified in the stable CAD patients when compared to other groups. The predicted targets of deregulated miRNAs were enriched in pathways connected to insulin signalling, inflammation and lipid metabolism. The iPSC-HLCs derived from stable CAD patients with extensive lesions had a distinct genetic miRNA profile possibly linked to metabolic dysfunction, potentially explaining the susceptibility to developing CAD. The iPSC-HLCs from acute CAD patients with only the acute rupture in otherwise healthy coronaries did not present a distinct miRNA profile, suggesting that hepatic miRNAs do not explain susceptibility to plaque rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alexanova
- The Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- The Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Joona Valtonen
- The Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- The Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leena E Viiri
- The Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
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24
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Gao W, Yuan L, Zhang Y, Si Y, Wang X, Lv T, Wang YS. miR-221/222 Promote Endothelial Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Regulation of PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04335-x. [PMID: 36662424 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a type of adult mesenchymal stem cell that show a repair effect on ischemic tissues owing to their capacity for endothelial differentiation. MicroRNA-221/222 (miR-221/222) has been extensively studied in endothelial cells (ECs). However, the mechanism that regulates ADSCs differentiation into ECs remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of miR-221/222-overexpression/silence in ADSCs on endothelial differentiation by constructing lentiviral vectors. Differentiation capacity was assessed by measuring the expression of endothelial markers (CD31, CD34, and CD144). In addition, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake and tube-like formation were performed for evaluation of functional characterization. The PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was investigated using western blotting to clarify the action mechanism of this gene. The revascularization of miR-221/222-transfeted ADSCs was further verified in a rat hind limb ischemia model. The results confirmed that transfection with miR-221/222 promoted the expression of endothelial markers, LDL uptake, and tube-like formation. As expected, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was effectively activated when ADSCs showed high expression of miR-221/222 during endothelial differentiation. Furthermore, injection of miR-221/222 transfected ADSCs significantly improved rat hindlimb ischemia, as evidenced by increased blood flow and structural integrity and reduce inflammatory infiltration. The results of this study suggest that miR-221/222 is essential for endothelial differentiation of ADSCs and provides a novel strategy for modulating vascular formation and ischemic tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Limin Yuan
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yue Si
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Xuqing Wang
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Tianci Lv
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yu-Shuai Wang
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China.
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25
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Teixeira AR, Ferreira VV, Pereira-da-Silva T, Ferreira RC. The role of miRNAs in the diagnosis of stable atherosclerosis of different arterial territories: A critical review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1040971. [PMID: 36505351 PMCID: PMC9733725 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1040971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis may be present in different arterial territories and as a single- or multi-territorial disease. The different phenotypes of atherosclerosis are attributable only in part to acquired cardiovascular risk factors and genetic Mendelian inheritance. miRNAs, which regulate the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, may also contribute to such heterogeneity. Numerous miRNAs participate in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis by modulating endothelial function, smooth vascular cell function, vascular inflammation, and cholesterol homeostasis in the vessel, among other biological processes. Moreover, miRNAs are present in peripheral blood with high stability and have the potential to be used as non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. However, the circulating miRNA profile may vary according to the involved arterial territory, considering that atherosclerosis expression, including the associated molecular phenotype, varies according to the affected arterial territory. In this review, we discuss the specific circulating miRNA profiles associated with atherosclerosis of different arterial territories, the common circulating miRNA profile of stable atherosclerosis irrespective of the involved arterial territory, and the circulating miRNA signature of multi-territorial atherosclerosis. miRNAs may consist of a simple non-invasive method for discriminating atherosclerosis of different arterial sites. The limitations of miRNA profiling for such clinical application are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Teixeira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Ana Rita Teixeira
| | - Vera Vaz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Pereira-da-Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Cruz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
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26
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Li L, Wen J, Li H, He Y, Cui X, Zhang X, Guan X, Li Z, Cheng M. Exosomal circ-1199 derived from EPCs exposed to oscillating shear stress acts as a sponge of let-7g-5p to promote endothelial-mesenchymal transition of EPCs by increasing HMGA2 expression. Life Sci 2022; 312:121223. [PMID: 36435223 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Our previous study showed that oscillatory shear stress (OSS) induces endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to undergo endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), which may contribute to the onset and progression of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. A recent study showed that exosomes (Exos) released from EPCs played a key role in various cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to identify the role and mechanism of Exos released by EPCs exposed to OSS in EPC EndoMT. MAIN METHODS EPCs derived from the human umbilical cord blood were cultured and characterized. The Flexcell flow STR-4000 parallel plate flow chamber system was employed to apply OSS (±3.5 dyne/cm2, 1 Hz) to EPCs for 12 h. Then, Exos were extracted from the cellular supernatant (Static-Exos) or perfusate (OSS-Exos) by exoEasy Maxi Kit. Afterward, cellular intervention, angiogenesis assays, high-throughput sequencing and online database predictions were used to identify the role and mechanism of OSS-Exos in EPC EndoMT. KEY FINDINGS OSS-Exos inhibited angiogenesis, promoted the proliferation of EPCs both in vivo and in vitro, and induced EPC EndoMT. In addition, the expression of circ-1199 in OSS-Exos was higher than that in Static-Exos. Moreover, circ-1199 induced EPC EndoMT. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that let-7g-5p was the direct target of circ-1199. Furthermore, OSS-Exos upregulated the expression of circ-1199 and then downregulated let-7g-5p, upregulating HMGA2, which activated p-Smad3/Smad3 and Snail. SIGNIFICANCE OSS-Exos played an important role in the EndoMT of EPCs, which was mediated by the circ-1199/let-7g-5p/HMGA2 signaling pathway. These studies would have a high probability of revealing the mechanism of EPC EndoMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China; Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, China
| | - Jiao Wen
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China.
| | - Yanting He
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, China
| | - Xiaodong Cui
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Xiumei Guan
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Min Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China.
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27
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Stability of exosomes in the postmortem serum and preliminary study on exosomal miRNA expression profiling in serum from myocardial infarction cadavers. Int J Legal Med 2022; 137:825-834. [PMID: 36416963 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Exosome-encapsulated miRNAs could potentially be sensitive biomarkers of human diseases. Since a lipid bilayer membrane surrounds exosomes, the exosomal miRNA may stably exist in body fluids with diseases as well as biological fluids. Therefore, exosomal miRNA may be helpful for autopsy diagnosis. Assuming cadaver blood would be most useful, we initially examined serum exosome stability with regard to storage temperatures and periods. Characteristic analyses of the exosome revealed that exosomes and the content, miRNA, were stably preserved until at least three days when stored at below 20 °C. Subsequently, exosomal miRNA expression profiling was performed on the serum of acute myocardial infarction (AMI, 4 cases) autopsy bodies and on hemorrhagic shock bodies used as the control (CT, 3 cases). Results showed that significant twofold up- and downregulations of expression of 18 and 16 miRNAs were detectable in AMI as compared to the CT, respectively. miR-126-3p, which has been reported to be increased in serum of AMI patients and a mouse model, was one of the significantly upregulated miRNAs. Furthermore, dysregulation of exosomal miRNAs, such as miR-145-5p, miR-143-3p, and miR-222-3p, which are involved in cardioprotection, may be associated with AMI pathogenesis. These findings provide a novel perspective on the potential role of exosomal miRNA in determining the cause of death.
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28
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Jang EJ, Kim H, Baek SE, Jeon EY, Kim JW, Kim JY, Kim CD. HMGB1 increases RAGE expression in vascular smooth muscle cells via ERK and p-38 MAPK-dependent pathways. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:389-396. [PMID: 36039739 PMCID: PMC9437367 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.5.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The increased expression of receptors for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) is known as a key player in the progression of vascular remodeling. However, the precise signal pathways regulating RAGE expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the injured vasculatures are unclear. Given the importance of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in cell proliferation, we investigated the importance of MAPK signaling in high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-induced RAGE expression in VSMCs. In HMGB1 (100 ng/ml)-stimulated human VSMCs, the expression of RAGE mRNA and protein was increased in association with an increase in AGE-induced VSMC proliferation. The HMGB1-induced RAGE expression was attenuated in cells pretreated with inhibitors for ERK (PD98059, 10 μM) and p38 MAPK (SB203580, 10 μM) as well as in cells deficient in ERK and p38 MAPK using siRNAs, but not in cells deficient of JNK signaling. In cells stimulated with HMGB1, the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK was increased. This increase in ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation was inhibited by p38 MAPK and ERK inhibitors, respectively, but not by JNK inhibitor. Moreover, AGE-induced VSMC proliferation in HMGB1-stimulated cells was attenuated in cells treated with ERK and p38 MAPK inhibitors. Taken together, our results indicate that ERK and p38 MAPK signaling are involved in RAGE expression in HMGB1-stimulated VSMCs. Thus, the ERK/p38 MAPK-RAGE signaling axis in VSMCs was suggested as a potential therapeutic target for vascular remodeling in the injured vasculatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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Ye C, Zheng F, Wu N, Zhu GQ, Li XZ. Extracellular vesicles in vascular remodeling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2191-2201. [PMID: 35022541 PMCID: PMC9433397 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling contributes to the development of a variety of vascular diseases including hypertension and atherosclerosis. Phenotypic transformation of vascular cells, oxidative stress, inflammation and vascular calcification are closely associated with vascular remodeling. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally released from almost all types of cells and can be detected in nearly all body fluids including blood and urine. EVs affect vascular oxidative stress, inflammation, calcification, and lipid plaque formation; and thereby impact vascular remodeling in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. EVs may be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, and therapeutic strategies for vascular remodeling and cardiovascular diseases. This review includes a comprehensive analysis of the roles of EVs in the vascular remodeling in vascular diseases, and the prospects of EVs in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Fen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Xiu-Zhen Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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30
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Bai C, Yang H, Zhao L, Liu L, Guo W, Yu J, Li M, Liu M, Lai X, Zhang X, Zhu R, Yang L. The mediating role of plasma microRNAs in the association of phthalates exposure with arterial stiffness: A panel study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113469. [PMID: 35588772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates exposure has been reported to be linked with arterial stiffness. However, the biological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. We conducted a panel study using 338 paired urine-blood samples by repeated measurements of 123 adults across 3 seasons to assess the potential mediating role of plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) in the association of phthalates exposure with arterial stiffness. We measured 10 urinary phthalate metabolites by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and 5 candidate arterial stiffness-related miRNAs (miR-146a, miR-222, miR-125b, miR-126, and miR-21) in plasma by real-time PCR. Arterial stiffness parameters including brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were determined in health examinations during each visit. Linear mixed-effect (LME) models revealed that mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP), and mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) were significantly associated with one or more of the 5 plasma miRNAs (all PFDR < 0.05). Based on weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, we found positive associations of phthalate metabolites mixture with miR-146a, miR-125b, and miR-222, and individual MMP and MBP were the major contributors. Additionally, miR-146a was inversely related to ABI. Mediation analysis further indicated that miR-146a mediated 31.6% and 21.3% of the relationships of MMP and MiBP with ABI, respectively. Our findings suggested that certain phthalates exposure was related to plasma miRNAs alterations in a dose-response manner and miR-146a might partly mediate phthalate-associated ABI reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghua Bai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huihua Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenting Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuefeng Lai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Liangle Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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31
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Vergara N, de Mier MVPR, Rodelo-Haad C, Revilla-González G, Membrives C, Díaz-Tocados JM, Martínez-Moreno JM, Torralbo AI, Herencia C, Rodríguez-Ortiz ME, López-Baltanás R, Richards WG, Felsenfeld A, Almadén Y, Martin-Malo A, Ureña J, Santamaría R, Soriano S, Rodríguez M, Muñoz-Castañeda JR. The direct effect of fibroblast growth factor 23 on vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype and function. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:322-343. [PMID: 35867864 PMCID: PMC9923714 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, increased levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are associated with cardiovascular mortality. The relationship between FGF23 and heart hypertrophy has been documented, however, it is not known whether FGF23 has an effect on vasculature. Vascular smooth muscle cells VSMCs may exhibit different phenotypes; our hypothesis is that FGF23 favours a switch from a contractile to synthetic phenotype that may cause vascular dysfunction. Our objective was to determine whether FGF23 may directly control a change in VSMC phenotype. METHODS This study includes in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo experiments and evaluation of patients with CKD stages 2-3 studying a relationship between FGF23 and vascular dysfunction. RESULTS In vitro studies show that high levels of FGF23, by acting on its specific receptor FGFR1 and Erk1/2, causes a change in the phenotype of VSMCs from contractile to synthetic. This change is mediated by a downregulation of miR-221/222, which augments the expression of MAP3K2 and PAK1. miR-221/222 transfections recovered the contractile phenotype of VSMCs. Infusion of recombinant FGF23 to rats increased vascular wall thickness, with VSMCs showing a synthetic phenotype with a reduction of miR-221 expression. Ex-vivo studies on aortic rings demonstrate also that high FGF23 increases arterial stiffening. In CKD 2-3 patients, elevation of FGF23 was associated with increased pulse wave velocity and reduced plasma levels of miR-221/222. CONCLUSION In VSMCs, high levels of FGF23, through the downregulation of miR-221/222, causes a change to a synthetic phenotype. This change in VSMCs increases arterial stiffening and impairs vascular function, which might ultimately worsen cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gonzalo Revilla-González
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Departemento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Membrives
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Díaz-Tocados
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julio M Martínez-Moreno
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ana I Torralbo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Herencia
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo López-Baltanás
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Arnold Felsenfeld
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System and the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yolanda Almadén
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,Internal Medicine Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain,Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre consortium for the area of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martin-Malo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain,Nephrology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain,Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, and the European Uremic Toxins group
| | - Juan Ureña
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Departemento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Sagrario Soriano
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain,University of Cordoba, Spain,Nephrology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain,Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, and the European Uremic Toxins group
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32
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Jiang Q, Li Y, Wu Q, Huang L, Xu J, Zeng Q. Pathogenic role of microRNAs in atherosclerotic ischemic stroke: Implications for diagnosis and therapy. Genes Dis 2022; 9:682-696. [PMID: 35782982 PMCID: PMC9243347 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke resulting from atherosclerosis (particularly in the carotid artery) is one of the major subtypes of stroke and has a high incidence of death. Disordered lipid homeostasis, lipid deposition, local macrophage infiltration, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and plaque rupture are the main pathological processes of atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. Hepatocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are the main cell types participating in these processes. By inhibiting the expression of the target genes in these cells, microRNAs play a key role in regulating lipid disorders and atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. In this article, we listed the microRNAs implicated in the pathology of atherosclerotic ischemic stroke and aimed to explain their pro- or antiatherosclerotic roles. Our article provides an update on the potential diagnostic use of miRNAs for detecting growing plaques and impending clinical events. Finally, we provide a perspective on the therapeutic use of local microRNA delivery and discuss the challenges for this potential therapy.
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Mussbacher M, Schossleitner K, Kral-Pointner JB, Salzmann M, Schrammel A, Schmid JA. More than Just a Monolayer: the Multifaceted Role of Endothelial Cells in the Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2022; 24:483-492. [PMID: 35404040 PMCID: PMC9162978 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-022-01023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of the Review In this review, we summarize current insights into the versatile roles of endothelial cells in atherogenesis. Recent Findings The vascular endothelium represents the first barrier that prevents the entry of lipoproteins and leukocytes into the vessel wall, thereby controlling two key events in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Disturbance of endothelial homeostasis increases vascular permeability, inflammation, and cellular trans-differentiation, which not only promotes the build-up of atherosclerotic plaques but is also involved in life-threatening thromboembolic complications such as plaque rupture and erosion. In this review, we focus on recent findings on endothelial lipoprotein transport, inflammation, cellular transitions, and barrier function. Summary By using cutting-edge technologies such as single-cell sequencing, epigenetics, and cell fate mapping, novel regulatory mechanisms and endothelial cell phenotypes have been discovered, which have not only challenged established concepts of endothelial activation, but have also led to a different view of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Mussbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Klaudia Schossleitner
- Department of Dermatology, Skin and Endothelium Research Division, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia B Kral-Pointner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Salzmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Schrammel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes A Schmid
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University Vienna, Schwarzspanierstr. 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Nukala SB, Jousma J, Cho Y, Lee WH, Ong SG. Long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs as crucial regulators in cardio-oncology. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:24. [PMID: 35246252 PMCID: PMC8895873 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00757-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Significant improvements in the modern era of anticancer therapeutic strategies have increased the survival rate of cancer patients. Unfortunately, cancer survivors have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which is believed to result from anticancer therapies. The emergence of cardiovascular diseases among cancer survivors has served as the basis for establishing a novel field termed cardio-oncology. Cardio-oncology primarily focuses on investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms by which anticancer treatments lead to cardiovascular dysfunction and the development of novel cardioprotective strategies to counteract cardiotoxic effects of cancer therapies. Advances in genome biology have revealed that most of the genome is transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are recognized as being instrumental in cancer, cardiovascular health, and disease. Emerging studies have demonstrated that alterations of these ncRNAs have pathophysiological roles in multiple diseases in humans. As it relates to cardio-oncology, though, there is limited knowledge of the role of ncRNAs. In the present review, we summarize the up-to-date knowledge regarding the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicities. Moreover, we also discuss prospective therapeutic strategies and the translational relevance of these ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarath Babu Nukala
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jordan Jousma
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yoonje Cho
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, ABC-1 Building, 425 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | - Sang-Ging Ong
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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35
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Taraldsen MD, Wiseth R, Videm V, Bye A, Madssen E. Associations between circulating microRNAs and coronary plaque characteristics: potential impact from physical exercise. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:129-140. [PMID: 35226566 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00071.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims MicroRNAs (miRs) are involved in different steps in the development of atherosclerosis and are proposed as promising biomarkers of coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesized that circulating levels of miRs were associated with coronary plaque components assessed by radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound (RF-IVUS) before and after aerobic exercise intervention. Methods 31 patients with CAD treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) previously included in a randomized trial with aerobic interval training (AIT) or moderate continuous training (MCT) as post-PCI intervention were included. Coronary plaque characteristics by grayscale and RF-IVUS and predefined circulating candidate miRs in plasma were analysed at baseline and follow-up. Associations between miRs and coronary plaque composition, and the potential effect from exercise, were analysed using linear regression. Results Circulating levels of miR-15a-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-199a-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-222-3p were associated with baseline coronary necrotic core volume. Following exercise intervention, decreased levels of miR-15a-5p, miR-93-5p, and miR-451a, and increased levels of miR-146a-5p were associated with an observed regression of coronary plaque burden. A mirPath prediction tool identified that genes regulated by miR-15a-5p, miR-199a-3p, and miR-30e-5p were significantly overrepresented in pathways related to fatty acid biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism. Conclusion This exploratory study demonstrated six miRs associated with coronary necrotic core, a marker of plaque vulnerability. In addition, changes in four miRs were associated with a regression of coronary plaque burden following exercise intervention. These novel findings may identify potential future biomarkers of CAD and coronary plaque composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dalen Taraldsen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rune Wiseth
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vibeke Videm
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anja Bye
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Madssen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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36
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Palioura D, Lazou A, Drosatos K. Krüppel-like factor (KLF)5: An emerging foe of cardiovascular health. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 163:56-66. [PMID: 34653523 PMCID: PMC8816822 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are DNA-binding transcriptional factors, which regulate various pathways that pertain to development, metabolism and other cellular mechanisms. KLF5 was first cloned in 1993 and by 1999, it was reported as the intestinal-enriched KLF. Beyond findings that have associated KLF5 with normal development and cancer, it has been associated with various types of cardiovascular (CV) complications and regulation of metabolic pathways in the liver, heart, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Specifically, increased KLF5 expression has been linked with cardiomyopathy in diabetes, end-stage heart failure, and as well as in vascular atherosclerotic lesions. In this review article, we summarize research findings about transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation of KLF5, as well as the role of KLF5 in the biology of cells and organs that affect cardiovascular health either directly or indirectly. Finally, we propose KLF5 inhibition as an emerging approach for cardiovascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Palioura
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA;,School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, Greece
| | - Antigone Lazou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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37
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Chattopadhyay S, Joharapurkar A, Das N, Khatoon S, Kushwaha S, Gurjar AA, Singh AK, Shree S, Ahmed MZ, China SP, Pal S, Kumar H, Ramachandran R, Patel V, Trivedi AK, Lahiri A, Jain MR, Chattopadhyay N, Sanyal S. Estradiol overcomes adiponectin-resistance in diabetic mice by regulating skeletal muscle adiponectin receptor 1 expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 540:111525. [PMID: 34856343 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin and insulin resistance creates a vicious cycle that exacerbates type 2 diabetes. Earlier, we observed that female leptin receptor-deficient BLKS mice (BKS-db/db) were more sensitive to an adiponectin mimetic GTDF than males, which led us to explore if E2 plays a crucial role in modulation of adiponectin-sensitivity. Male but not female BKS-db/db mice were resistant to metabolic effects of globular adiponectin treatment. Male BKS-db/db displayed reduced skeletal muscle AdipoR1 protein expression, which was consequent to elevated polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTB) and miR-221. E2 treatment in male BKS-db/db, and ovariectomized BALB/c mice rescued AdipoR1 protein expression via downregulation of PTB and miR-221, and also directly increased AdipoR1 mRNA by its classical nuclear receptors. Estrogen receptor regulation via dietary or pharmacological interventions may improve adiponectin resistance and consequently ameliorate insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Drug Resistance/genetics
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Receptors, Adiponectin/genetics
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Receptors, Leptin/genetics
- Sex Characteristics
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Nabanita Das
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Shamima Khatoon
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sapana Kushwaha
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Anagha Ashok Gurjar
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sonal Shree
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Md Zohaib Ahmed
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Shyamsundar Pal China
- AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India; Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Ravishankar Ramachandran
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Vishal Patel
- Zydus Research Center, Moraiya, Ahmedabad, 382213, Gujarat, India
| | - Arun Kumar Trivedi
- AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India; Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Amit Lahiri
- AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India; Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India; Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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Marofi F, Alexandrovna KI, Margiana R, Bahramali M, Suksatan W, Abdelbasset WK, Chupradit S, Nasimi M, Maashi MS. MSCs and their exosomes: a rapidly evolving approach in the context of cutaneous wounds therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:597. [PMID: 34863308 PMCID: PMC8642895 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, mesenchymal stem/stromal stem cell (MSC) therapy has become a promising option for accelerating cutaneous wound healing. In vivo reports have outlined the robust competences of MSCs to offer a solid milieu by inhibition of inflammatory reactions, which in turn, enables skin regeneration. Further, due to their great potential to stimulate angiogenesis and also facilitate matrix remodeling, MSCs hold substantial potential as future therapeutic strategies in this context. The MSCs-induced wound healing is thought to mainly rely on the secretion of a myriad of paracrine factors in addition to their direct differentiation to skin-resident cells. Besides, MSCs-derived exosomes as nanoscale and closed membrane vesicles have recently been suggested as an effective and cell-free approach to support skin regeneration, circumventing the concerns respecting direct application of MSCs. The MSCs-derived exosomes comprise molecular components including lipid, proteins, DNA, microRNA, and also mRNA, which target molecular pathways and also biological activities in recipient cells (e.g., endothelial cell, keratinocyte, and fibroblast). The secreted exosome modifies macrophage activation, stimulates angiogenesis, and instigates keratinocytes and dermal fibroblast proliferations as well as migrations concurrently regulate inherent potential of myofibroblast for adjustment of turnover of the ECM. In the present review, we will focus on the recent findings concerning the application of MSCs and their derivative exosome to support wound healing and skin regeneration, with special focus on last decade in vivo reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faroogh Marofi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master’s Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mahta Bahramali
- Biotechnology Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | | | - Marwah Suliman Maashi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit at King Fahad Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Biassi TP, Guerra-Shinohara EM, Moretti PNS, de Freitas Dutra V, Cabañas-Pedro AC, Mecabo G, Colleoni GWB, Figueiredo MS. miRNA profile and disease severity in patients with sickle cell anemia. Ann Hematol 2021; 101:27-34. [PMID: 34677646 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Identification of biomarkers associated with severity in sickle cell anemia is desirable. Circulating serum microRNAs (miRNA) are targets studied as diagnostic or prognostic markers, but few studies have been conducted in sickle cell anemia. The purpose of this study is to identify specific signatures of miRNAs in plasma samples from sickle cell anemia patients according to severity indexes. Screening of the miRNAs expression was performed in 8 patients, classified by tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) measure: 4 with TRV ≥ 2.5 m/s and 4 with TRV < 2.5 m/s. The samples were analyzed by real-time PCR using Megaplex RT Human Pool A and Pool B comprising 667 distinct miRNAs. Seventeen miRNAs were differentially expressed between the two groups (p < 0.05). Five differentially expressed miRNAs (miR15b, miR502, miR510, miR544, miR629) were selected for validation in a cohort of 52 patient samples, 26 with TRV ≥ 2.5 m/s. Another two severity scores were also used: organ injury score (OIS) and Bayesian score (BS). Univariate binary logistic regressions were performed to analyze the data. Five out of 17 differentially expressed miRNAs were selected for validation in 52 patient samples: miR15b, miR502, miR510, miR544, and miR629. Two miRNAs (miR510 and miR629) were significantly decreased in cases of greater severity. Whereas miR510 expression discriminated the patients according to TRV and OIS, miR629 expression did it according to BS. This is the first study investigating plasma miRNAs as possible biomarkers for SCA severity. Our data suggest that low levels of miR510 and miR629 expression are associated with greater SCA disease severity. Further studies are still necessary to elucidate mechanism of these miRNAs and their related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Priscila Biassi
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Valeria de Freitas Dutra
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Grazielle Mecabo
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Stella Figueiredo
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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An Overview of miRNAs Involved in PASMC Phenotypic Switching in Pulmonary Hypertension. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5765029. [PMID: 34660794 PMCID: PMC8516547 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5765029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is occult, with no distinctive clinical manifestations and a poor prognosis. Pulmonary vascular remodelling is an important pathological feature in which pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) phenotypic switching plays a crucial role. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily highly conserved single-stranded small noncoding RNAs. An increasing number of studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of PH by regulating PASMCs phenotypic switching, which is expected to be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of PH. miRNAs such as miR-221, miR-15b, miR-96, miR-24, miR-23a, miR-9, miR-214, and miR-20a can promote PASMCs phenotypic switching, while such as miR-21, miR-132, miR-449, miR-206, miR-124, miR-30c, miR-140, and the miR-17~92 cluster can inhibit it. The article reviews the research progress on growth factor-related miRNAs and hypoxia-related miRNAs that mediate PASMCs phenotypic switching in PH.
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Insulin Resistance and Cancer: In Search for a Causal Link. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011137. [PMID: 34681797 PMCID: PMC8540232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a condition which refers to individuals whose cells and tissues become insensitive to the peptide hormone, insulin. Over the recent years, a wealth of data has made it clear that a synergistic relationship exists between IR, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Although the underlying mechanism(s) for this association remain unclear, it is well established that hyperinsulinemia, a hallmark of IR, may play a role in tumorigenesis. On the other hand, IR is strongly associated with visceral adiposity dysfunction and systemic inflammation, two conditions which favor the establishment of a pro-tumorigenic environment. Similarly, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, in IR states, have been often associated with tumorigenesis in numerous types of human cancer. In addition to these observations, it is also broadly accepted that gut microbiota may play an intriguing role in the development of IR-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cancer, whereas potential chemopreventive properties have been attributed to some of the most commonly used antidiabetic medications. Herein we provide a concise overview of the most recent literature in this field and discuss how different but interrelated molecular pathways may impact on tumor development.
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Wågsäter D, Ravn H, Wanhainen A, Isaksson H, Björck M. Circulating microRNA in patients with popliteal and multiple artery aneurysms. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:129-135. [PMID: 34617063 PMCID: PMC8489194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with popliteal artery aneurysm (PA) often have multiple aneurysms, such as bilateral disease or a concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). microRNAs (miRs) are regulators of biological processes and have been investigated as biomarkers for AAA. The aim of this study was to explore if the presence of multiple aneurysms and/or location correlated with miR levels in blood. Methods Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, 23 miRs were analyzed in plasma from 183 patients with PA. Results Fifteen of the miRs were associated with the number and/or location of aneurysms (1.3- to 2.1-fold changes). Levels of miR-93 (1.4-fold) and miR-215 (1.6- to 1.9-fold) were changed in all compared groups. MiR-24 and miR-23a were altered in those with AAA (1.4- and 1.5-fold, respectively) or bilateral PA (1.5- and 1.4-fold, respectively), compared with in those without. MiR-145 were significantly altered (1.7-fold) in those with isolated PA and AAA, whereas miR-326 were altered in those with bilateral (2.3-fold) and isolated PA (1.9-fold). Conclusions Different miRs seem to be important or to be markers for different subgroups of patients with PA. The identified miRs target vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and vascular inflammation. Further studies are needed to increase the understanding of the pathogenesis of aneurysmal disease. Patients with popliteal artery aneurysm often have multiple aneurysms, such as bilateral disease or concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysms, but the molecular pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood. MicroRNAs are important regulators of gene expression and biological processes and have recently been investigated as possible biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm. This study identified 11 microRNAs that were altered in subgroups of patients with popliteal artery aneurysm, which could be important regulators to study in interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick Wågsäter
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: Dick Wågsäter, PhD, Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Ravn
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Lillebaelt, University of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Anders Wanhainen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Helena Isaksson
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Martin Björck
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Wang H, He F, Liang B, Jing Y, Zhang P, Liu W, Zhu B, Dou D. LincRNA-p21 alleviates atherosclerosis progression through regulating the miR-221/SIRT1/Pcsk9 axis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9141-9153. [PMID: 34541816 PMCID: PMC8500963 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main aetiology of coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and peripheral vascular disease in humans. Long‐noncoding RNA (LincRNA)‐p21 has been reported to participate in the development of AS. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the mechanism of LincRNA‐p21 on suppressing the development of AS. We fed ApoE−/− mice with a high‐fat diet to induce an AS mouse model where the lesion area of AS and the extent of lipid deposition were measured. The binding of LincRNA‐p21 and miR‐221 or miR‐221 and SIRT1 was measured using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP. Following loss‐ and gain‐ function assays, CCK8, EdU, Transwell assay and scratch test were performed to determine the biological processes of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). miR‐221 was highly expressed while SIRT1 was poorly expressed in AS. LincRNA‐p21 acted as a sponge for miR‐221. miR‐221 targeted and negatively regulated the expression of SIRT1. LincRNA‐p21 promoted the deacetylation of Pcsk9 by SIRT1 by competitively binding to miR‐221, whereby promoting HAEC proliferation, migration and tube formation. In conclusion, LincRNA‐p21 acted as a molecular sponge for miR‐221 to promote deacetylation of the promoter region of Pcsk9 by SIRT1, therefore preventing the development of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Wang
- Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Fei He
- Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuanhu Jing
- Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weichao Liu
- Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Bowen Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dongmei Dou
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Zhang L, Bu Z, Shen J, Shang L, Chen Y, Zhang P, Wang Y. MicroRNA-221 regulates cell activity and apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia via regulating PTEN. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1133. [PMID: 34504582 PMCID: PMC8383336 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), an aggressive and heterogeneous malignancy originating from T cell precursors (thymocytes), accounts for ~15% of all ALL cases in children and for ~25% in adults. The present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-221 (miR-221) in the regulation of cell viability and apoptosis of human T-ALL cells and its related regulatory mechanisms. To perform this investigation, miR-221 was upregulated or knocked down in human T-ALL cells (Jurkat cells) using miR-221 mimic or inhibitor, respectively. Then, cell viability was determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiahiazol-2-y1)-2,5-diphenytetrazolium bromide assay, cell invasion and migration were analyzed via Transwell assays, and cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. It was found that transfection with a miR-221 inhibitor significantly inhibited Jurkat cell viability, migration and invasion, and induced Jurkat cell apoptosis. Whereas, transfection with the miR-221 mimic resulted in the opposite effects. Besides, the results showed that phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) was a target of miR-221. Moreover, it was observed that the effects of the miR-221 inhibitor on Jurkat cell viability, migration and invasion, and cell apoptosis were significantly eliminated by PTEN-small interfering RNA. In addition, it was shown that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway was involved in the effect of miR-221 on Jurkat cells. In conclusion, the data indicated that miR-221 existed as an oncogene in T-ALL, and its downregulation could inhibit the development of ALL by targeting PTEN. Therefore, miR-221 may be a novel potential therapeutic target for ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zibin Bu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Juan Shen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Liping Shang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Role of Advanced Glycation End-Products and Other Ligands for AGE Receptors in Thyroid Cancer Progression. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184084. [PMID: 34575195 PMCID: PMC8470575 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, thyroid cancers (TCs) remain a clinical challenge owing to their heterogeneous nature. The etiopathology of TCs is associated not only with genetic mutations or chromosomal rearrangements, but also non-genetic factors, such as oxidative-, nitrosative-, and carbonyl stress-related alterations in tumor environment. These factors, through leading to the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, induce tumor tissue proliferation. Interestingly, the incidence of TCs is often coexistent with various simultaneous mutations. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), their precursors and receptors (RAGEs), and other ligands for RAGEs are reported to have significant influence on carcinogenesis and TCs progression, inducing gene mutations, disturbances in histone methylation, and disorders in important carcinogenesis-related pathways, such as PI3K/AKT/NF-kB, p21/MEK/MPAK, or JAK/STAT, RAS/ERK/p53, which induce synthesis of interleukins, growth factors, and cytokines, thus influencing metastasis, angiogenesis, and cancer proliferation. Precursors of AGE (such as methylglyoxal (MG)) and selected ligands for RAGEs: AS1004, AS1008, and HMGB1 may, in the future, become potential targets for TCs treatment, as low MG concentration is associated with less aggressive anaplastic thyroid cancer, whereas the administration of anti-RAGE antibodies inhibits the progression of papillary thyroid cancer and anaplastic thyroid cancer. This review is aimed at collecting the information on the role of compounds, engaged in glycation process, in the pathogenesis of TCs. Moreover, the utility of these compounds in the diagnosis and treatment of TCs is thoroughly discussed. Understanding the mechanism of action of these compounds on TCs pathogenesis and progression may potentially be the grounds for the development of new treatment strategies, aiming at quality-of-life improvements.
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Poursaleh A, Beigee FS, Esfandiari G, Najafi M. Adhesion of monocytes and endothelial cells isolated from the human aorta suppresses by miRNA-PEI particles. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:395. [PMID: 34399692 PMCID: PMC8369609 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Knowledge of stenosis in coronary arteries requires an understanding of the cellular and molecular processes that occur throughout the leukocyte rolling process. In this study, the roles of miR-125a-5p and miR-495-3p were investigated on the adhesion of endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from the human aorta. Methods Human primary endothelial cells were obtained from the aorta of people who had died of brain death. Whole blood was used to isolate the monocytes. The miR-125 and miR-495 were predicted and transfected into ECs using Poly Ethylene Imine (PEI). The expression levels of adhesion molecules and monocyte recruitment were identified by the RT-qPCR technique and Leukocyte-Endothelial Adhesion Assay kit, respectively. Results The ICAM-1, ICAM-2 and VCAM-1 expression levels decreased significantly in the miR-495/PEI-transfected ECs (P < 0.05) while in the miR-125/PEI-transfected ECs only the ICAM-2 and ITGB-2 expression levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05) as compared to the miR-synthetic/PEI-transfected ECs. Furthermore, the monocyte adhesion was decreased in the miR-125 and miR-mix/PEI-transfected ECs as compared to the miR-synthetic/PEI-transfected ECs (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively). Conclusion According to the findings, the efficient relations between miR-125 and adhesion molecules may be responsible for the inhibition of monocyte rolling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleh Poursaleh
- Biochemistry Department, Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Sadegh Beigee
- Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Esfandiari
- Biochemistry Department, Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Biochemistry Department, Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Significant Implications of APOA1 Gene Sequence Variations and Its Protein Expression in Bladder Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080938. [PMID: 34440141 PMCID: PMC8392831 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) is a potential biomarker because of its variable concentration in different types of cancers. The current study is the first of its kind to evaluate the association between the APOA1 genotypes of −75 G/A and +83 C/T in tandem with the APOA1 protein expression in urine samples to find out the risk and potential relationship for differentially expressed urinary proteins and APOA1 genotypes. The study included 108 cases of bladder tumors and 150 healthy controls that were frequency matched to cases with respect to age, sex, and smoking status. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP and the urinary expression of the APOA1 protein was done using ELISA. Bladder tumor cases were significantly associated with the APOA1 −75 AA genotype (p < 0.05), while the APOA1 +83 C/T heterozygotes showed an association with cases (p < 0.05). The overall distribution of the different haplotypes showed a marked difference between the cases and controls in GT when compared with the wild type GC (p < 0.03). Bladder tumor cases that carried the variant genotype APOA1 −75AA were found more (70.0%) with a higher expression (≥20 ng/mL)of the APOA1 urinary protein and differed significantly against wild type GG (p = 0.03). Again, in low grade bladder tumors, urinary APOA1 protein was exhibited significantly more (52.4% vs. 15.4% high grade) with a higher expression (≥20 ng), while high grade tumor cases (84.6% vs. 47.5% low grade) showed a lower APOA1 expression (<20 ng/mL) (O.R = 6.08, p = 0.002). A strong association was observed between APOA1 −75G/A and risk for bladder tumor and its relation to urinary protein expression, which substantiates its possible role as a marker for the risk assessment of the disease and as a promising diagnostic marker for different grades of malignant bladder tumors.
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Mandraffino G, Lo Gullo A, Cinquegrani M, D’Ascola A, Sinicropi D, Imbalzano E, Blando G, Campo GM, Morace C, Giuffrida C, Campo S, Squadrito G, Scuruchi M. Expression and Change of miRs 145, 221 and 222 in Hypertensive Subjects Treated with Enalapril, Losartan or Olmesartan. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080860. [PMID: 34440064 PMCID: PMC8389596 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
miR profile could be associated to CV risk, and also to prognosis/outcome in response to therapeutic approach. We aimed to evaluate if anti-hypertensive drugs enalapril, losartan or olmesartan have effects on monocyte miR profile in essential hypertensives without target organ involvement. For this purpose, 82 hypertensives and 49 controls were included; we evaluated SBP/DBP, lipid profile, glucose, CRP, fibrinogen, arterial stiffness indices (PWV; AIx), and cIMT at baseline (T0) and after 24 weeks of treatment (T1). Subjects with LDL-C ≥ 160 mg/dL, TG ≥ 200 mg/dL, BMI ≥ 30, and other additional CV risk factors were excluded. Patients who were prescribed to receive once-a-day enalapril 20 mg, losartan 100 mg or olmesartan 20 mg were eligible for the study. At T1, we found a significant improvement of SBP (-18.5%), DBP (-18%), HDL-C and LDL-C (+3% and -5.42%), glucose (-2.15%), BMI (-3.23%), fibrinogen (-11%), CRP (-17.5%,), AIx (-49.1%) PWV (-32.2%), and monocyte miR expression (miR-221: -28.4%; miR-222: -36%; miR-145: +41.7%) with respect to baseline. miR profile was compared to control subjects at baseline and at T1. We found some little difference in the behaviour of the three treatments on some variables: olmesartan was the most effective in reducing fibrinogen, DBP, CRP, and AIx (-13.1%, -19.3%, -21.4%, and -56.8%, respectively). Enalapril was the drug more significantly increasing the expression of miR-145. In conclusion, enalapril, losartan and olmesartan are effective in improving mechanical and humoral factors associated to AS and atherogenesis. These drugs appear to be able to modify miRs 221/222 and miR-145 expression in drug-naïve hypertensives, making it closer to that of control subjects; additionally, this provides a good blood pressure compensation, contributing to slow the progression of vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mandraffino
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.S.); (E.I.); (G.B.); (C.M.); (G.S.)
- Lipid Center, Internal Medicine Unit, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (A.D.); (G.M.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Alberto Lo Gullo
- IRCCS Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98123 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Maria Cinquegrani
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.S.); (E.I.); (G.B.); (C.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Angela D’Ascola
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (A.D.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Davide Sinicropi
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.S.); (E.I.); (G.B.); (C.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Egidio Imbalzano
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.S.); (E.I.); (G.B.); (C.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Blando
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.S.); (E.I.); (G.B.); (C.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Maurizio Campo
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (A.D.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Carmela Morace
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.S.); (E.I.); (G.B.); (C.M.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Salvatore Campo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Squadrito
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.S.); (E.I.); (G.B.); (C.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Michele Scuruchi
- Lipid Center, Internal Medicine Unit, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (A.D.); (G.M.C.)
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49
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Marino F, Scalise M, Cianflone E, Salerno L, Cappetta D, Salerno N, De Angelis A, Torella D, Urbanek K. Physical Exercise and Cardiac Repair: The Potential Role of Nitric Oxide in Boosting Stem Cell Regenerative Biology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1002. [PMID: 34201562 PMCID: PMC8300666 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years strong evidence has been accumulated showing that aerobic physical exercise exerts beneficial effects on the prevention and reduction of cardiovascular risk. Exercise in healthy subjects fosters physiological remodeling of the adult heart. Concurrently, physical training can significantly slow-down or even reverse the maladaptive pathologic cardiac remodeling in cardiac diseases, improving heart function. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the beneficial effects of physical exercise on the heart are still a subject of intensive study. Aerobic activity increases cardiovascular nitric oxide (NO) released mainly through nitric oxidase synthase 3 activity, promoting endothelium-dependent vasodilation, reducing vascular resistance, and lowering blood pressure. On the reverse, an imbalance between increasing free radical production and decreased NO generation characterizes pathologic remodeling, which has been termed the "nitroso-redox imbalance". Besides these classical evidence on the role of NO in cardiac physiology and pathology, accumulating data show that NO regulate different aspects of stem cell biology, including survival, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and secretion of pro-regenerative factors. Concurrently, it has been shown that physical exercise generates physiological remodeling while antagonizes pathologic remodeling also by fostering cardiac regeneration, including new cardiomyocyte formation. This review is therefore focused on the possible link between physical exercise, NO, and stem cell biology in the cardiac regenerative/reparative response to physiological or pathological load. Cellular and molecular mechanisms that generate an exercise-induced cardioprotective phenotype are discussed in regards with myocardial repair and regeneration. Aerobic training can benefit cells implicated in cardiovascular homeostasis and response to damage by NO-mediated pathways that protect stem cells in the hostile environment, enhance their activation and differentiation and, in turn, translate to more efficient myocardial tissue regeneration. Moreover, stem cell preconditioning by and/or local potentiation of NO signaling can be envisioned as promising approaches to improve the post-transplantation stem cell survival and the efficacy of cardiac stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Marino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Mariangela Scalise
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Eleonora Cianflone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.C.); (N.S.)
| | - Luca Salerno
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Donato Cappetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (A.D.A.)
| | - Nadia Salerno
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.C.); (N.S.)
| | - Antonella De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (A.D.A.)
| | - Daniele Torella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Konrad Urbanek
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
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50
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Vozzi F, Cecchettini A, Cabiati M, Mg F, Aretini P, Del Ry S, Rocchiccioli S, Pelosi G. Modulated molecular markers of restenosis and thrombosis by in-vitrovascular cells exposed to bioresorbable scaffolds. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34020430 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVSs) have emerged as a potential breakthrough for the treatment of coronary artery stenosis, providing mechanical support and drug delivery followed by complete resorption. Restenosis and thrombosis remain the primary limitations in clinical use. The study aimed to identify potential markers of restenosis and thrombosis analyzing the vascular wall cell transcriptomic profile modulation triggered by BVS at different values of shear stress (SS). Human coronary artery endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were cultured under SS (1 and 20 dyne cm-2) for 6 h without and with application of BVS and everolimus 600 nM. Cell RNA-Seq and bioinformatics analysis identified modulated genes by direct comparison of SS conditions and Gene Ontology (GO). The results of different experimental conditions and GO analysis highlighted the modulation of specific genes as semaphorin 3E, mesenchyme homeobox 2, bone morphogenetic protein 4, (heme oxygenase 1) and selectin E, with different roles in pathological evolution of disease. Transcriptomic analysis of dynamic vascular cell cultures identifies candidate genes related to pro-restenotic and pro-thrombotic mechanisms in anin-vitrosetting of BVS, which are not adequately contrasted by everolimus addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vozzi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Cecchettini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Cabiati
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fornaro Mg
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Aretini
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, Via Ferruccio Giovannini, 13, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
| | - S Del Ry
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Rocchiccioli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Pelosi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
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