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Hou J, Mao H, Xie P, Cui Y, Rong M. The effect of different traditional Chinese exercises on bone mineral density in menopausal women: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1430608. [PMID: 39328990 PMCID: PMC11425856 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1430608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the optimal choice of traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) for improving bone mineral density in postmenopausal women through a network meta-analysis. Methods The Chinese and English databases were searched, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. The outcomes included BMD of lumbar L2-L4, femoral neck, ward triangle, and greater trochanter. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess the correlation between each group of interventions, and surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) was used to rank the best interventions. Results A total of 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 1933 subjects and six interventions: [Tai Chi (TC), Baduanjin (BDJ), Wuqinxi (WQX), Yijinjing (YJJ), TA (Tai chi plus calcium supplementation), BA (Baduanjin plus calcium supplementation)] and three control measures: [Calcium supplementation (CA), Aerobic exercise (AE), Not exercise intervention (NEI)] were analyzed. Regarding BMD of lumbar L2-L4: TC [SMD = 0.99 (0.62, 1.37)], BDJ [SMD = 2.12 (1.39, 2.85)], TA [SMD = 1.12(0.17, 2.07)], BA [SMD = 2.24 (1.16, 3.31)] were superior in increasing BMD of lumbar L2-L4 relative to NEI. Regarding BMD of femoral neck: TC [SMD = 1.24 (0.70, 1.78)], BA [SMD = 3.77 (1.98, 5.56)] were superior in increasing BMD of femoral neck relative to NEI. Regarding BMD of ward's triangle: TC [SMD = 1.63 (1.09, 2.17)] was superior in increasing BMD of ward's triangle relative to NEI. Regarding BMD of greater trochanter: TC [SMD = 0.98 (0.28, 1.68)] were superior in increasing BMD of greater trochanter relative to NEI. TC topped the SUCRA with BMD of lumbar L2-L4: 53.8, femoral neck: 74.9, ward's triangle: 86.9 and greater trochanter: 77.7. Conclusion Four TCE (TC, BDJ, TA and BA) are all effective in partially improving BMD indicators in postmenopausal women, while TC was effective on all four BMD indicators, which seems to be recommended as the most suitable exercise modality for postmenopausal women. Systematic review registration This research follows the PRISMA Network statement. The protocol for this study has been registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). CRD42023414944.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haiping Mao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peiyao Xie
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuemei Cui
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ming Rong
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Zhang Y, Chen H. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on bone health and fall prevention in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:471. [PMID: 39127644 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bone status of postmenopausal women is worsening. In fact, postmenopausal period is the high incidence stage of osteoporosis and falls. Notably, a recent study has pointed out that exercise can improve bone health in postmenopausal women. However, the effect of Tai Chi exercise on postmenopausal women is controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis was designed to analyze the effect of Tai Chi exercise on bone health and fall prevention in postmenopausal women. METHODS The researches on Tai Chi improving the bone health of postmenopausal women before August 31, 2023 were collected from Chinese and English databases, such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, etc. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Besides, R software 4.3.1 was employed to analyze the effect sizes in the meta-analysis to summarize the impact of Tai Chi on vertebral bone mineral density, serum calcium, clinical balance scores, the number of falls, total falls, and health status scores in postmenopausal women. RESULTS There were 12 studies eventually included in this meta-analysis. A total of 1,272 postmenopausal women were involved, including 628 in the experimental group (intervention with Tai Chi exercise) and 644 in the control group (without any intervention). Briefly, postmenopausal women practicing Tai Chi presented a significant increase in vertebral bone density [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.04-0.71), P = 0.03] and health status score [SMD = 0.25, 95% CI (0.01-0.49), P = 0.04]. In contrast, there were no significant differences for postmenopausal women between the two groups in terms of serum calcium [SMD = -0.01, 95% CI (-0.39, 0.36), P = 0.77], clinical balance [SMD = 0.17, 95% CI (-0.01, 0.46), P = 0.23], number of falls [SMD = -0.61, 95% CI (-1.24, 0.02), P = 0.06] and total falls [odds ratio = 0.35, 95% CI (0.11-1.12), P = 0.07]. CONCLUSION Tai Chi exercise can improve the bone mineral density of postmenopausal women, thereby maintaining bone health. Hence, Tai Chi exercise is necessary to prevent osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Xu H, Liu J, Li P, Liang Y. Effects of mind-body exercise on perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Menopause 2024; 31:457-467. [PMID: 38669625 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The increasing attention to the management of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women parallels the growth of the aging population. Although hormone therapy is commonly used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, it carries a potential risk of cancer. Recently, mind-body exercises have emerged as innovative approaches for improving menopausal symptoms and bone health. However, research findings have needed to be more consistent, highlighting the significance of this study's systematic review of mind-body exercise effects on perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the impact of mind-body exercises, including tai chi, yoga, Pilates, qigong, baduanjin, and mindfulness-based stress reduction, on bone mineral density, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and fatigue among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. EVIDENCE REVIEW Four electronic databases-PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science-were systematically searched from inception until July 2023. The search focused exclusively on randomized controlled trials to examine the impact of mind-body exercise interventions on perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Bias Risk Assessment tool. FINDINGS A total of 11 randomized controlled trials, comprising 1,005 participants, were included in the analysis. Traditional meta-analysis indicated that mind-body exercise significantly enhanced bone mineral density in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women compared with control groups, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.41 (95% CI, 0.17 to 0.66; P = 0.001, I2 = 7%). In addition, significant improvements were observed in sleep quality (SMD, -0.48; 95% CI, -0.78 to -0.17; P = 0.002, I2 = 76%), anxiety reduction (SMD, -0.80; 95% CI, -1.23 to -0.38; P = 0.0002, I2 = 84%), depressive mood (SMD, -0.80; 95% CI, -1.17 to -0.44; P < 0.0001, I2 = 79%), and fatigue (SMD, -0.67; 95% CI, -0.97 to -0.37; P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this meta-analysis demonstrate that mind-body exercise positively influences bone mineral density, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and fatigue among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Shuangliu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Liu S, Wu S, Qi J, Wang L. Effect of traditional Chinese fitness exercises on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1323595. [PMID: 38390196 PMCID: PMC10882717 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1323595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of five traditional Chinese fitness exercises (Baduanjin, Taijiquan, Wuqinxi, Yijinjing, and Liuzijue), as well as their efficacy when combined with drug therapy, in the treatment of decreased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Methods This study strictly followed the evaluation guidelines of PRISMA and followed the "PICOS" principle outlined in the Cochrane Handbook. We performed a systematic search on Web of Science, Springer Link, Scopus, EMBASE, EBSCO, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CBMdisc, and the VIP Database, and we targeted RCTs studying the effect of TCE on BMD in postmenopausal women published prior to September 2023. The quality of the literature and the risk of bias of the included studies were assessed according to ROB2 and GRADE criteria, and data analysis was performed using Stata 14. Results A total of 33 RCTs (3658 post-menopausal women) were included. Network meta-analysis showed that Taiji (SMD=0.72, 95% CI: 0.22, 1.21, P<0.01) and Yijinjing (SMD=0.51, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.99, P<0.05) were significantly superior to conventional rehabilitation in lumbar BMD. In terms of improvement of femoral neck BMD, Baduanjin (SMD=1.63, 95% CI: -3.58, 6.85, P<0.001) and Taiji (SMD=0.46, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.79, P<0.05) had statistically different outcomes to conventional rehabilitation. Regarding Ward's triangle BMD, Taiji (SMD= 0.32, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.50, P< 0.05) had statistically different outcomes to conventional rehabilitation. The results of the SUCRA probability ranking showed that Baduanjin + drug interventions achieved the most significant improvement in lumbar BMD (SUCRA=83.6%) and femoral neck BMD (SUCRA=90.2%). Taiji + drug interventions most effectively improved Ward's triangle BMD (SUCRA=86.0%). In terms of traditional Chinese fitness exercises alone, Taiji was the most effective in improving lumbar BMD (SUCRA=64.4%) and Ward's triangle BMD (SUCRA=46.8%), and Baduanjin was the most effective in treating femoral neck BMD (SUCRA=89.9%). Conclusion Traditional Chinese fitness exercises can significantly improve the BMD levels of postmenopausal women. Taiji, Yijinjing, and Baduanjin combined with medication showed better intervention effects overall. However, due to the limitations of the number of studies and sample sizes of individual interventions, definitive conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lin Wang
- School of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kong J, Tian C, Zhu L. Effect of different types of Tai Chi exercise programs on the rate of change in bone mineral density in middle-aged adults at risk of osteoporosis: a randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:949. [PMID: 38072989 PMCID: PMC10712169 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate three Tai Chi (TC) exercise programs as intervention measures to compare their effects on improving rate of change in bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly individuals with osteoporosis (OP) and to propose the optimal exercise duration. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to identify study participants based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Due to subject attrition, the number of participants analyzed decreased from 60 to 49. These participants were divided into four groups: 24-style TC Chuan group (24TCCG) (n = 13, 7 males/6 females), TC Kung Fu Fan group (TCKFFG) (n = 12, 5 males/7 females), TC Softball group (TCSBG) (n = 11, 6 males/5 females), and a control group (CG) (n = 13, 6 males/7 females). Except for the control group, each group received different TC exercise programs four times a week for 60 min per session, lasting for 16 weeks. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the L2-L4 lumbar vertebrae, Ward's triangle, femoral neck, and greater trochanter. The rate of change of BMD was calculated using the formula. RESULTS Compared with CG, all three TC groups showed significant improvements in BMD changes (P < 0.05), but their effects on the improvement of femoral neck and greater tuberosity BMD change rates were similar (P > 0.05). In addition, compared to the other exercise regimens, 24TCCG demonstrated more significant improvements in BMD at the L2-L4 lumbar vertebrae region and exhibited a more pronounced improvement in Ward's triangle BMD after only 8 weeks (P < 0.05). Short-term (≤ 4 weeks) TCKFFG was more effective than TCSBG in enhancing femoral neck BMD (P < 0.05). However, statistical significance was not found (P > 0.05) in all other cases. CONCLUSION These three TC exercise programs have similar positive effects on the BMD of the femoral neck and greater trochanter. However, compared with other exercise schemes, 24TCC showed a more significant improvement in BMD of the L2-L4 lumbar vertebrae region after just 8 weeks, as well as a more pronounced improvement in BMD of Ward's triangle. In terms of improving femoral neck BMD, TCKFF was found to be more effective than TCSB in less than 4 weeks. This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of TC exercise in improving BMD and preventing OP in the middle-aged and elderly high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianda Kong
- College of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Chunlan Tian
- College of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China.
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Cui W, Li D, Jiang Y, Gao Y. Effects of exercise based on ACSM recommendations on bone mineral density in individuals with osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1181327. [PMID: 37528896 PMCID: PMC10389279 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1181327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the effects of different exercise dose on lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) in individuals with osteoporosis (OP). Design: A systematic search was conducted in four electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane, with the topic of the impact of exercise on BMD in individuals with OP. Randomized controlled trials comparing exercise intervention with no intervention were identified, and changes in lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were reported and evaluated using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The intervention measures in the studies were evaluated and categorized as high adherence with the exercise testing and prescription recommendations for individuals with OP developed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) or low/uncertainty adherence with ACSM recommendations. A random effects model was used to conduct meta-analyses and compare the results between subgroups. Results: A total of 32 studies involving 2005 participants were included in the analyses, with 14 studies categorized as high adherence with ACSM recommendations and 18 studies categorized as low or uncertain adherence. In the analyses of lumbar spine BMD, 27 studies with 1,539 participants were included. The combined SMD for the high adherence group was 0.31, while the combined SMD for the low or uncertain adherence group was 0.04. In the analyses of femoral neck BMD, 23 studies with 1,606 participants were included. The combined SMD for the high adherence group was 0.45, while the combined SMD for the low or uncertain adherence group was 0.28. Within resistance exercise, the subgroup with high ACSM adherence had a greater impact on lumbar spine BMD compared to the subgroup with low or uncertain ACSM adherence (SMD: 0.08 > -0.04). Similarly, for femoral neck BMD, resistance exercise with high ACSM adherence had a higher SMD compared to exercise with low or uncertain ACSM adherence (SMD: 0.49 > 0.13). Conclusion: The results suggest that exercise interventions with high adherence to ACSM recommendations are more effective in improving lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD in individuals with OP compared to interventions with low or uncertain adherence to ACSM recommendations. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023427009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlai Cui
- School of Dance and Martial Arts, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of International Cultural Exchange, Chodang University, Muan County, Republic of Korea
| | - Yueshuai Jiang
- School of Dance and Martial Arts, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Dance and Martial Arts, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
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Mohebbi R, Shojaa M, Kohl M, von Stengel S, Jakob F, Kerschan-Schindl K, Lange U, Peters S, Thomasius F, Uder M, Kemmler W. Exercise training and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies with emphasis on potential moderators. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1145-1178. [PMID: 36749350 PMCID: PMC10282053 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was (1) to determine exercise effects on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women and (2) to address the corresponding implication of bone and menopausal status or supervision in postmenopausal women. A comprehensive search of eight electronic databases according to the PRISMA statement up to August 9, 2022, included controlled exercise trials ≥ 6 months. BMD changes (standardized mean differences: SMD) at the lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), and total hip (TH) were considered as outcomes. Study group comparisons were conducted for osteopenia/osteoporosis versus normal BMD, early versus late postmenopausal women, and predominantly supervised versus predominantly non-supervised study arms. We applied an inverse heterogeneity (IVhet) model. In summary, 80 studies involving 94 training and 80 control groups with a pooled number of 5581 participants were eligible. The IVhet model determined SMDs of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.16-0.42), 0.27 (95% CI: 0.16-0.39), and 0.41 (95% CI: 0.30-0.52) for LS, FN, and THBMD, respectively. Heterogeneity between the trial results varied from low (I2 = 20%, TH BMD) to substantial (I2 = 68%, LS-BMD). Evidence for publication bias/small study effects was negligibly low (FN-, TH-BMD) to high (LSBMD). We observed no significant differences (p > .09) for exercise effects on LS-, FN-, or TH-BMD-LS between studies/study arms with or without osteopenia/osteoporosis, early versus late postmenopausal women, or predominantly supervised versus non-supervised exercise programs. Using robust statistical methods, the present work provides further evidence for a positive effect of exercise on BMD in postmenopausal women. Differences in bone status (osteopenia/osteoporosis versus normal bone), menopausal status (early versus late postmenopausal), and supervision (yes versus no) did not significantly affect the exercise effects on BMD at LS or proximal femur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Mohebbi
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mahdieh Shojaa
- Department Population-Based Medicine, Institute of Health Science, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Matthias Kohl
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University of Furtwangen, Schwenningen, Germany
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simon von Stengel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Bernhard-Heine-Centrum Für Bewegungsforschung, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katharina Kerschan-Schindl
- Austrian Society for Bone and Mineral Research, Vienna, Austria
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Uwe Lange
- German Society for Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Dresden, Germany
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Peters
- German Association for Health-Related Fitness and Exercise Therapy (DVGS), Hürth-Efferen, Germany
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Friederike Thomasius
- Osteology Umbrella Association Germany, Austria, Switzerland
- Frankfurt Center of Bone Health, Frankfurt, Germany
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Uder
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kemmler
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
- Research Group On Guideline "Exercise and Fracture Prevention, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Sun W, Zhang XA, Wang Z. The role and regulation mechanism of Chinese traditional fitness exercises on the bone and cartilage tissue in patients with osteoporosis: A narrative review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1071005. [PMID: 36926189 PMCID: PMC10011494 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1071005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (ops) is a systemic degenerative bone disease characterized by bone mass reduction, bone mineral density loss, bone microstructure destruction, bone fragility, and increased fracture susceptibility. Thus far, drug therapy is the main method used to prevent and treat osteoporosis. However, long-term drug treatment will inevitably lead to drug resistance and certain side effects. In response, rehabilitation treatment is generally recommended, which involves drug supplementation combined with the treatment. A Chinese traditional fitness exercise is an organic combination of sports and traditional Chinese medicine with a series of advantages such as being safe, convenient, non-toxic, and harmless. Hence, it is one of the rehabilitation methods widely used in clinical practice. By searching the CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and other relevant databases, our research clarifies the current situation of four kinds of Chinese traditional fitness exercises widely used in clinical practice, namely, Taijiquan, Baduanjin, Wuqinxi, and Yijin Jing. In addition, the molecular mechanism of osteoporosis is summarized in this study. Based on the research, Chinese traditional fitness exercises are expected to directly stimulate the bone through a mechanical load to improve bone density. Moderate and regular traditional Chinese fitness exercises also improve osteoporosis by regulating the endocrine system with the secretion of hormones and factors such as estrogen and irisin, which are beneficial for bone formation. Finally, the purpose of promoting bone formation, reducing bone loss, and preventing and treating osteoporosis is achieved. The various means of Chinese traditional fitness exercises have different emphases, and the effect of improving bone density differs in various parts of the body. The exercisers may choose the exercise flexibly based on their own needs. Chinese traditional fitness exercises can improve the bone density of the exercisers and relieve pain, improve balance, and regulate the psychological state. Consequently, it is worth promoting to be applied in clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Sun
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin-An Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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Liu X, Jiang C, Fan R, Liu T, Li Y, Zhong D, Zhou L, Liu T, Li J, Jin R. The effect and safety of Tai Chi on bone health in postmenopausal women: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:935326. [PMID: 36177477 PMCID: PMC9513206 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.935326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundTai Chi may be a promising exercise to prevent and control bone loss in postmenopausal women. This meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis aimed to evaluate the effect and safety of Tai Chi on bone health in postmenopausal women.MethodSeven databases were searched from their inceptions to 11 May 2022 to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect and safety of Tai Chi on bone health in postmenopausal women. Two independent reviewers identified the eligible studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. The primary outcome was the bone mineral density (BMD), and secondary outcomes included bone turnover markers and calcaneus quantitative ultrasound. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the duration of Tai Chi. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessment were performed. RevMan software (version 5.4.1) and R software (version 3.6.1) were used for data synthesis. The certainty of evidence was rated with the Grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) system. We also performed the trial sequential analysis to evaluate the reliability of the evidence.ResultsA total of 25 reports involving 24 studies were included. Four studies were considered as high overall risk of bias, and the rest were some concerns. Among included studies, there were three comparisons including Tai Chi vs. non-intervention, Tai Chi vs. other exercises, and Tai Chi plus nutraceutical vs. nutraceutical. Compared with non-intervention, Tai Chi was more effective to improve BMD of lumbar spine (MD = 0.04, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.07, I2 = 0%, low certainty), femoral neck (MD = 0.04, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.06, I2 = 0%, low certainty), and trochanter (MD = 0.02, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.03, I2 = 0%, very low certainty), but there was no significant difference in increasing the BMD of Ward's triangle (MD = 0.02, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.04, I2 = 0%, very low certainty). Trial sequential analysis showed that the effect of Tai Chi vs. non-intervention on the BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck was reliable, but the effect on the BMD of trochanter and Ward's triangle needed further verification. The subgroup analyses suggested that Tai Chi training for over 6 months had greater improvement in BMD of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter than non-intervention. No significant differences were observed in the above outcomes of Tai Chi vs. other exercises, and Tai Chi plus nutraceutical vs. nutraceutical. There was insufficient evidence to support the effect of Tai Chi on bone turnover markers and calcaneus quantitative ultrasound. Few Tai Chi relevant adverse events occurred.ConclusionTai Chi may be an optional and safe exercise for improving BMD loss in postmenopausal women, and practicing Tai Chi for more than 6 months may yield greater benefits. However, more rigorously designed RCTs are required to verify the benefits and to explore the optimal protocol of Tai Chi exercise for bone health.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=309148, identifier: CRD42022309148.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Liu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengzhi Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Science City Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanbu County People's Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- School of Sport and Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongling Zhong
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luxiang Zhou
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Juan Li
| | - Rongjiang Jin
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Panzhihua City, Panzhihua, China
- Rongjiang Jin
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Huang J, Zhong M, Wang J. Effects of Exercise-Based Interventions on Functional Movement Capability in Untrained Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159353. [PMID: 35954708 PMCID: PMC9368594 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the effects of exercise-based interventions on functional movement capability in untrained populations and provide a reference for future intervention studies in this field. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, WanFang, and CNKI databases were systematically searched from inception until February 2022, for randomized or non-randomized controlled trials, addressing the effect of physical activity on functional movement capability in untrained populations. Two researchers independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and quality evaluation. Meta-analysis was performed using RveMan 5.3 and Stata 16.0 software. Twenty studies with 1596 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis demonstrated that exercise-based interventions were associated with improved asymmetry functional patterns (RR = 0.40; 95% CI [0.31, 0.50]; p < 0.00001), FMS composite score (MD = 3.01; 95% CI [2.44, 3.58]; p < 0.00001), deep squat (MD = 0.57; 95% CI [0.37, 0.77]; p < 0.00001), hurdle step (MD = 0.56; 95% CI [0.38, 0.75]; p < 0.00001), in-line lunge (MD = 0.54; 95% CI [0.43, 0.66]; p < 0.00001), shoulder mobility (MD = 0.37; 95% CI [0.15, 0.60]; p = 0.001), active straight leg raise (MD = 0.42; 95% CI [0.24, 0.60]; p < 0.00001), trunk stability push up (MD = 0.40; 95% CI [0.16, 0.63]; p = 0.001), and rotary stability (MD = 0.45; 95% CI [0.24, 0.67]; p < 0.0001). Exercise-based interventions were effective in improving functional movement capability in untrained populations. However, there is a need for high-quality, sufficiently powered RCTs to provide a more definitive conclusion.
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Bagiartana KDA, Huriah T. A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Tai Chi Exercises for Improving Balance and Lower Limb Muscle Strength of the Elderly in the Community. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Balance disorders are the primary cause of falls, a significant health concern for the elderly. Tai Chi (TC) improves the balance and strength of the lower limb muscles that focus on centering the mind, bodywork, and breathing exercises.
AIM: A systematic review was conducted to search for evidence of the effects of Thai Chi in balancing and strengthening of lower extremities among the elderly in the community.
METHODS: According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, a systematic review was conducted. Databases included Science Direct, ProQuest, and PubMed, from 2015 to 2020, with research articles being original studies. The quality of research articles was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Systematically analyses were used for results syntheses.
RESULTS: Six articles were included in this review. TC exercises effectively improve the balance and muscle strength of the lower limbs among the elderly in the community. TC has a beneficial effect on evaluation in the short (8 weeks) and long (12 weeks) term to prevent falls among the elderly in the community.
CONCLUSION: TC exercises are beneficial for improving balance and muscle strength of the lower limb among the elderly in the community with Selected TC, Traditional TC, and Modified Chen-style TC.
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Feasibility of a Tai Chi with Thera-Band Training Program: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228462. [PMID: 33207580 PMCID: PMC7696740 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tai Chi, combined with Thera-band (TCTB) exercise may be associated with an improvement in health where it increases physical fitness, improves psychological well-being, and decreases pain. This paper aimed to determine the feasibility of TCTB exercise in older sedentary office workers. Forty office workers aged over 55 years participated in a pilot randomized controlled trial (i.e., 12-week TCTB exercise or Tai Chi exercise only). Feasibility of the TCTB exercise approach was ascertained through the recruitment and enrolment rate, acceptability of the study intervention by participants including retention and adherence rates, participants' learning process, the appropriateness of data collection as well as the participants' evaluation of the intervention. Recruitment took longer than planned, with a low recruitment rate of 2.0% (42/2020), but a high enrolment rate of 95.2% (40/42). Thirty-one participants (i.e., 77.5%) completed the intervention. Of those who completed the trial, the overall average attendance was reported as 85.2%; 84.7% in the TCTB group and 85.7% in the Tai Chi only group. A total of 58.3% of participants (n = 21) could independently practice the TCTB or Tai Chi exercise motions at the end of the learning stage. There were no missing data except for the nine participants who withdrew during the intervention. No adverse events or effects were reported, and all participants were satisfied with the 12-week exercise intervention. Results support the feasibility of a large-scale randomized controlled trial to explore the efficacy of a TCTB program for improving health in older sedentary office workers.
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Kemmler W, Shojaa M, Kohl M, von Stengel S. Effects of Different Types of Exercise on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:409-439. [PMID: 32785775 PMCID: PMC7546993 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this sub-analysis of a comprehensive meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the effect of different types of exercise on (areal) bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. A systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA statement included (a) controlled trials, (b) with at least one exercise and one control group, (c) intervention ≥ 6 months, (d) BMD assessments at lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN) or total hip (TH), (e) in postmenopausal women. Eight electronic databases were scanned without language restrictions up to March 2019. The present subgroup analysis was conducted as a mixed-effect meta-analysis with "type of exercise" as the moderator. The 84 eligible exercise groups were classified into (a) weight bearing (WB, n = 30) exercise, (b) (dynamic) resistance exercise (DRT, n = 18), (c) mixed WB&DRT interventions (n = 36). Outcome measures were standardized mean differences (SMD) for BMD-changes at LS, FN and TH. All types of exercise significantly affect BMD at LS, FN and TH. SMD for LS average 0.40 (95% CI 0.15-0.65) for DRT, SMD 0.26 (0.03-0.49) for WB and SMD 0.42 (0.23-0.61) for WB&DRT. SMD for FN were 0.27 (0.09-0.45) for DRT, 0.37 (0.12-0.62) for WB and 0.35 (0.19-0.51) for WB&DRT. Lastly, SMD for TH changes were 0.51 (0.28-0.74) for DRT, 0.40 (0.21-0.58) for WB and 0.34 (0.14-0.53) for WB&DRT. In summary, we provided further evidence for the favorable effect of exercise on BMD largely independent of the type of exercise. However, in order to generate dedicated exercise recommendations or exercise guideline, meta-analyses might be a too rough tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Kemmler
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Mahdieh Shojaa
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Kohl
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University of Furtwangen, Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Simon von Stengel
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
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Shojaa M, Von Stengel S, Schoene D, Kohl M, Barone G, Bragonzoni L, Dallolio L, Marini S, Murphy MH, Stephenson A, Mänty M, Julin M, Risto T, Kemmler W. Effect of Exercise Training on Bone Mineral Density in Post-menopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies. Front Physiol 2020; 11:652. [PMID: 32655410 PMCID: PMC7325605 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major health problem in post-menopausal women (PMW). Exercise training is considered a cost-effective strategy to prevent osteoporosis in middle aged-older people. The purpose of this study is to summarize the effect of exercise on BMD among PMW. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Science Direct, Eric, ProQuest, and Primo. BMD changes (standardized mean differences: SMD) of the lumbar spine (LS) femoral neck (FN) and/or total hip were considered as outcome measures. After subgroup categorization, statistical methods were used to combine data and compare subgroups. Seventy-five studies were included. The pooled number of participants was 5,300 (intervention group: n = 2,901, control group: n = 2,399). The pooled estimate of random effect analysis was SMD = 0.37, 95%-CI: 0.25–0.50, SMD = 0.33, 95%-CI: 0.23–0.43, and SMD = 0.40, 95%-CI: 0.28–0.51 for LS, FN, and total Hip-BMD, respectively. In the present meta-analysis, there was a significant (p < 0.001), but rather low effect (SMD = 0.33–0.40) of exercise on BMD at LS and proximal femur. A large variation among the single study findings was observed, with highly effective studies but also studies that trigger significant negative results. These findings can be largely attributed to differences among the exercise protocols of the studies. Findings suggest that the true effect of exercise on BMD is diluted by a considerable amount of studies with inadequate exercise protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Shojaa
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon Von Stengel
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Schoene
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Kohl
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Furtwangen im Schwarzwald, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Barone
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Bragonzoni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Dallolio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Marini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marie H Murphy
- School of Sport, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Aoife Stephenson
- School of Sport, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Minna Mänty
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Strategy and Research, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Mikko Julin
- Department of Physiotherapy, Laurea University of Applied Sciences, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tapani Risto
- Department of Physiotherapy, Laurea University of Applied Sciences, Espoo, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Kemmler
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Kunutsor SK, Leyland S, Skelton DA, James L, Cox M, Gibbons N, Whitney J, Clark EM. Adverse events and safety issues associated with physical activity and exercise for adults with osteoporosis and osteopenia: A systematic review of observational studies and an updated review of interventional studies. J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls 2018; 3:155-178. [PMID: 32300705 PMCID: PMC7155356 DOI: 10.22540/jfsf-03-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted a systematic review to identify adverse effects of physical activity and/or exercise for adults with osteoporosis/osteopenia. We synthesised evidence from observational studies, and updated three previously published systematic reviews. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, grey literature and reference lists of relevant studies. Selection criteria were: (1) observational studies in patients with osteoporosis/osteopenia; and (2) in accordance with the criteria used in the previous reviews. A narrative synthesis was conducted for the observational data. Random effects meta-analysis was undertaken for the review updates. RESULTS For the observational synthesis 14 studies were included. The majority of studies reported no adverse events, reduced incidence/improvement, or no significant change after physical activity or exercise. Activities that involved spinal flexion (certain yoga moves and sit-ups) were associated with a greater risk of vertebral fractures but these events were rare. For the update of reviews, 57 additional studies were identified. Exercise was generally associated with a greater number of minor adverse events including mild muscle/joint pain. Serious adverse events were rare and could not be attributed to the intervention. CONCLUSION Patients with osteoporosis/osteopenia can safely participate in structured exercise programmes, whether at home or in supervised facilities. Systematic review registration for observational studies: PROSPERO 2017: CRD42017070551.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setor K. Kunutsor
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, UK
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building (Level 1), Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Dawn A Skelton
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Centre for Living, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow
| | - Laura James
- Department of Academic Physiotherapy, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew Cox
- Department of Academic Physiotherapy, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Gibbons
- Department of Academic Physiotherapy, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Julie Whitney
- Department of Academic Physiotherapy, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Emma M. Clark
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
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Xie BC, Chen SC, Wu JH, Wang QH, Zhou CH, Xu DH. The effects of Tai Chi exercise on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 59:1093-1094. [PMID: 29905422 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.08990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Cheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shi-Chun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jia-Huan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Qing-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Chen-Hui Zhou
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Dao-Hua Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China - .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Deng C, Xia W. Effect of Tai Chi Chuan on degeneration of lumbar vertebrae and lumbar discs in middle-aged and aged people: a cross-sectional study based on magnetic resonance images. J Int Med Res 2017; 46:578-585. [PMID: 28984177 PMCID: PMC5971519 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517734115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Exercise has a positive effect on physical fitness. Tai Chi Chuan is a traditional Chinese aerobic exercise. We assessed the effect of Tai Chi on the degeneration of lumbar vertebrae and lumbar discs with magnetic resonance images. Methods This retrospective cohort study involved 2 groups of participants: 27 Tai Chi practitioners with more than 4 years of experience with regular Tai Chi exercise and 24 sex- and age-matched participants without Tai Chi experience. The lumbar magnetic resonance images of all participants were collected. The numbers of degenerated lumbar vertebrae and lumbar discs were evaluated by the same radiologist, who was blind to the grouping. Results The Tai Chi practitioners had significantly fewer degenerated lumbar vertebrae (1.9) and lumbar discs (2.3) than the control group (2.6 and 2.9, respectively). The most severely affected lumbar vertebrae and discs were L5 and L4/L5, respectively. Conclusion Regular performance of the simplified Tai Chi 24 form could possibly retard the degeneration of lumbar vertebrae and lumbar discs in middle-aged and aged people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghu Deng
- 1 Department of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- 2 Department of Medical Imaging, Hubei Maternal and Children's Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Zou L, Wang C, Chen K, Shu Y, Chen X, Luo L, Zhao X. The Effect of Taichi Practice on Attenuating Bone Mineral Density Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14091000. [PMID: 28862661 PMCID: PMC5615537 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14091000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of practicing Taichi on attenuating bone mineral density (BMD) loss. Methods: Both electronic and manual searches were performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining Taichi for bone health. Two review authors independently performed study selection and data extraction according to inclusion criteria. A third party (Lin Luo) emerged to discuss with the two review authors and resolve a disagreement. Results: Twenty RCTs were found to meet the inclusion criteria and used for meta-analysis with a total effective sample of 1604. The aggregated results from this systematic review have shown significant benefits in favour of Taichi on BMD at lumbar spine (Standard Mean Difference, SMD) = 0.29; 95% CI 0.15 to 0.43; p < 0.0001), femur neck (SMD = 0.56; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.75; p < 0.00001), femur trochanter (SMD = 0.04; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.07; p = 0.007), total hip BMD (SMD = 0.46; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.76; p = 0.003). Conclusions: The aggregated results from this systematic review suggests that Taichi is effective on attenuating BMD loss at the regions of lumbar spine and proximal femur neck in special populations (e.g., older adults, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, people with osteoarthritis, and cancer survivors). Researchers should further examine the effect of Taichi on the proximal femur trochanter and total hip so that a more definitive claim can be made regarding the beneficial effects for attenuating BMD loss in these musculoskeletal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liye Zou
- Psychosomatic Laboratory, Springfield College, Springfield, MA 01109, USA.
- College of Sports Science, Jishou 416000, China.
| | - Chaoyi Wang
- College of Physical Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Kevin Chen
- Integrative Medicine Lab, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Yankai Shu
- College of Sports Science, Jishou 416000, China.
| | - Xiaoan Chen
- College of Sports Science, Jishou 416000, China.
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Physical Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xitang Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, ZhaoQing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China.
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The effect of Chinese martial arts Tai Chi Chuan on prevention of osteoporosis: A systematic review. J Orthop Translat 2017; 12:74-84. [PMID: 29662781 PMCID: PMC5866477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) is suggested to have beneficial effects on the musculoskeletal system. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence of the effect of TCC on bone mineral density (BMD) and its potential for prevention of osteoporosis. Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from inception to January 2017. Randomized controlled studies, case–control trials, prospective cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies which evaluated the effect of TCC on BMD were selected without any subject or language restriction. Results Nine articles met the inclusion criteria, including seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs), one case–control trial (CCT), and one cross-sectional study, encompassing a total of 1222 participants. Five studies showed statistically significant improvements in BMD after TCC, three studies showed nonsignificant intergroup differences, and one study provided no statistical evaluation of results. The studies with nonsignificant results tended to have a shorter total duration of TCC practice. Apart from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), two studies additionally used peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) which showed statistically significant positive effects of TCC on preventing osteoporosis. Conclusion TCC is beneficial to BMD and may be a cost-effective and preventive measure of osteoporosis. This beneficial effect is better observed in long-term TCC practice. The translational potential of this article The beneficial effect of TCC on BMD is suggested to be clinically translated to its potential for early rehabilitation and prevention of secondary osteoporosis in patients after surgical treatment of common osteoporotic fractures. The length of practicing TCC, the form and style of TCC, and the types of patient suitable for TCC are to be investigated in future studies.
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Tai chi for health benefits in patients with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170212. [PMID: 28182629 PMCID: PMC5300172 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness and safety of Tai chi, which is critical to provide guidelines for clinicians to improve symptomatic management in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). After performing electronic and manual searches of many sources, ten relevant peer-reviewed studies that met the inclusion criteria were retrieved. The existing evidence supports the effectiveness of Tai chi on improving quality of life (QOL) and functional balance in MS patients. A small number of these studies also reported the positive effect of Tai chi on flexibility, leg strength, gait, and pain. The effect of Tai chi on fatigue is inconsistent across studies. Although the findings demonstrate beneficial effects on improving outcome measures, especially for functional balance and QOL improvements, a conclusive claim should be made carefully for reasons such as methodological flaws, small sample size, lack of specific-disease instruments, unclear description of Tai chi protocol, unreported safety of Tai chi, and insufficient follow-up as documented by the existing literature. Future research should recruit a larger number of participants and utilize the experimental design with a long-term follow-up to ascertain the benefits of Tai chi for MS patients.
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Simplified Tai Chi Program Training versus Traditional Tai Chi on the Functional Movement Screening in Older Adults. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5867810. [PMID: 27956920 PMCID: PMC5124480 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5867810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of two different types of Tai Chi programs on the Functional Movement Screening (FMS) in older adults. Methods. Ninety older adults (65.5 ± 4.6 years old) who met the eligibility criteria were randomized into three different groups based on a ratio of 1 : 1 : 1: a traditional Tai Chi exercise (TTC), a simplified Tai Chi exercise (TCRT), or a control group (routine activity). The FMS consisted of the deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight leg rise, trunk stability push-up, and rotatory stability, which was used to measure physical function before the present study and after six months of Tai Chi interventions. Results. Seventy-nine participants completed the present study (control = 27, TTC = 23, and TCRT = 29). Significant improvement on the FMS tests between the baseline and after the six-month intervention was observed in both Tai Chi programs, whereas no significant improvement was observed in the control group. In addition, participants in the TCRT group demonstrated greater improvement than those in the TTC group. Conclusions. The TCRT is more effective in improving the physical function in older adults when compared to the traditional Tai Chi modality, particularly for improving balance.
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Huston P. Bienfaits du tai-chi sur la santé. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2016; 62:e645-e654. [PMID: 28661882 PMCID: PMC9844564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Objectif Résumer les données probantes sur les bienfaits du tai-chi sur la santé. Sources d’information Une revue de la littérature sur les bienfaits du tai-chi sur 25 affections différentes, de même que sur la santé en général et sur la forme physique, a été effectuée afin d’actualiser une revue des revues systématiques effectuée en 2014. Les revues systématiques et les essais cliniques récents ont été évalués et organisés en 5 groupes : données excellentes, bonnes, acceptables ou préliminaires, étayant un bienfait ou n’étayant aucun bienfait direct. Message principal Au cours des 45 dernières années, plus de 500 essais et 120 revues systématiques ont été publiés sur les bienfaits du tai-chi sur la santé. Les revues systématiques sur le tai-chi pour différentes affections ont donné lieu à d’excellentes données étayant un bienfait pour la prévention des chutes, l’arthrose, la maladie de Parkinson, la réadaptation dans les cas de maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique et l’amélioration de la capacité cognitive chez les personnes âgées. Il existe de bonnes données étayant un bienfait pour la dépression, la réadaptation cardiaque et après un AVC et la démence. Les données étayant un bienfait pour l’amélioration de la qualité de vie des patients atteints de cancer, de fibromyalgie, d’hypertension et d’ostéoporose sont acceptables. Les données actuelles étayent l’absence d’un bienfait direct pour le diabète, la polyarthrite rhumatoïde ou l’insuffisance cardiaque chronique. Les revues systématiques portant sur les bienfaits sur la santé en général et la forme physique font état d’excellentes données étayant un bienfait pour l’amélioration de l’équilibre et de la capacité aérobique chez les personnes en mauvaise forme physique. Les données étayant une plus grande force dans les membres inférieurs sont bonnes. Les données étayant une amélioration du bien-être et du sommeil sont acceptables. Aucune étude n’a révélé que le tai-chi aggravait une affection. Une récente revue systématique sur l’innocuité du tai-chi a révélé que les événements indésirables étaient habituellement mineurs et principalement de nature musculosquelettique; aucun événement indésirable grave lié au tai-chi n’a été rapporté. Conclusion Il existe d’abondantes données étayant les effets du tai-chi sur la santé et la forme physique. En s’appuyant sur ces données, les médecins peuvent maintenant faire des recommandations éclairées à leurs patients, en précisant que le tai-chi fait toujours l’objet de recherches. Aussi, toute affection clinique doit faire l’objet d’un suivi médical continu.
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Huston P. Health benefits of tai chi: What is the evidence? CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2016; 62:881-890. [PMID: 28661865 PMCID: PMC9844554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the evidence on the health benefits of tai chi. SOURCES OF INFORMATION A literature review was conducted on the benefits of tai chi for 25 specific conditions, as well as for general health and fitness, to update a 2014 review of systematic reviews. Systematic reviews and recent clinical trials were assessed and organized into 5 different groups: evidence of benefit as excellent, good, fair, or preliminary, or evidence of no direct benefit. MAIN MESSAGE During the past 45 years more than 500 trials and 120 systematic reviews have been published on the health benefits of tai chi. Systematic reviews of tai chi for specific conditions indicate excellent evidence of benefit for preventing falls, osteoarthritis, Parkinson disease, rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and improving cognitive capacity in older adults. There is good evidence of benefit for depression, cardiac and stroke rehabilitation, and dementia. There is fair evidence of benefit for improving quality of life for cancer patients, fibromyalgia, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Current evidence indicates no direct benefit for diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or chronic heart failure. Systematic reviews of general health and fitness benefits show excellent evidence of benefit for improving balance and aerobic capacity in those with poor fitness. There is good evidence for increased strength in the lower limbs. There is fair evidence for increased well-being and improved sleep. There were no studies that found tai chi worsened a condition. A recent systematic review on the safety of tai chi found adverse events were typically minor and primarily musculoskeletal; no intervention-related serious adverse events have been reported. CONCLUSION There is abundant evidence on the health and fitness effects of tai chi. Based on this, physicians can now offer evidence-based recommendations to their patients, noting that tai chi is still an area of active research, and patients should continue to receive medical follow-up for any clinical conditions.
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Guo Y, Shi H, Yu D, Qiu P. Health benefits of traditional Chinese sports and physical activity for older adults: A systematic review of evidence. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2016; 5:270-280. [PMID: 30356513 PMCID: PMC6188612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese sports and physical activities (PAs) have a long history and are practiced by millions of Chinese. However, relatively few systematic reviews of the scientific evidence for their health benefits, especially for older Chinese adults, have been undertaken. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Between January and March 2016, a systematic search was conducted using the CNKI and PubMed databases to identify studies published between 2000 and 2015. Studies were selected for review if they were designed specifically to evaluate the health benefits of traditional Chinese sports and PAs in adults aged 50 years and older in the Mainland of China. The studies included observational, uncontrolled, and randomized and controlled designs. Papers published without an English title or abstract were excluded. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The initial search identified a total of 229 studies. After removing duplicates and studies that did not meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 95 studies were selected for review. Special attention was given to studies of the most commonly practiced activities: Tai Ji Quan, Qigong, and Yangko exercises. A positive association between these types of exercise and health benefits was noted for healthy older adults and those with chronic diseases. Evidence on other types of activities was less clear due to the limited number of studies conducted. CONCLUSION There is promising evidence that traditional Chinese sports and PAs provide many health benefits for older Chinese adults. While additional scientifically rigorous research is warranted, promoting these traditional and culturally-based sports and PAs as forms of behavioral medicine in primary and secondary prevention of diseases among the aging Chinese population will help fulfill an urgent public health need.
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The Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on Improving Mind-Body Health for Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:1813979. [PMID: 27635148 PMCID: PMC5011213 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1813979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose. To conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review examining whether Tai Chi Chuan could have mental and physical benefits for patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods. MEDLINE, PUBMED, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases were searched for relevant studies. Data of the studies were collected, and outcomes were classified using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health model. Effect sizes of the mental and physical components were determined, along with the recommendation grades of Philadelphia Panel Classification System for Tai Chi Chuan on knee osteoarthritis. Results. Eleven studies were selected and retrieved from the databases. The results of meta-analysis revealed that the effects of Tai Chi Chuan were observed for physical components in the body functions and structures domain. The effects favoring Tai Chi Chuan were observed in the physical component in the activities and participation domain. Insufficient data was included in the meta-analysis of the mental component. Conclusions. The review revealed that Tai Chi Chuan had beneficial outcomes for patients with knee osteoarthritis. The evidence-based results represented that it had small-to-moderate effects on body functions and structures, activities, and participation of physical component. However, there was insufficient evidence to support that Tai Chi Chuan had beneficial mental effect.
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