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Yang J, Chen S, Quan M, Li L, Shang L, Fan Z, Hu S. Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydia Infection in Pigs in Hunan Province, Southern China, 2017-2018. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:214-218. [PMID: 38422215 PMCID: PMC11035838 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Chlamydia is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that is pathogenic for humans and a large variety of veterinary animal species. However, there is no continuous monitoring of chlamydia infection data in pigs in Hunan province, southern China. Therefore, in order to evaluate the seroprevalence and identify risk factors associated with Chlamydia infection in pigs within this region, a comprehensive study was conducted. Methods: A total of 3848 serum samples were collected from pigs (from farmers and companies) between May 2017 and August 2018. The presence of specific antibodies against Chlamydia was determined through the employment of the indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). Results: The overall seroprevalence of Chlamydia was determined to be 26.90% (1038/3848, 95% confidence interval: 25.60-28.40). By employing statistical analysis using SPSS software (p < 0.05), factors such as altitude, sampling regions, and rearing systems of pigs were identified as potential risk factors for Chlamydia infection. Conclusion: These findings elucidate a substantial prevalence of Chlamydia in pigs within the mountainous region of Hunan province, southern China, thereby highlighting a potential risk to human health. These results underscore the need for proactive measures and targeted interventions to mitigate the transmission of Chlamydia in porcine populations, safeguarding both animal welfare and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkun Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China
- Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, PR China
| | - Shilin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China
- Wanning Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Hainan Province, Wanning, PR China
| | - Minxiu Quan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Leqin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Ling Shang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zhongxin Fan
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Shifeng Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China
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Wu XJ, Gao J, Zhang Q, Li CX, Zheng WB, Liu Q, Zhu XQ, Lei YP, Gao WW. Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydia Infection in Cattle in Shanxi Province, North China. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020252. [PMID: 36670792 PMCID: PMC9854887 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The information on Chlamydia infection in cattle is limited in Shanxi Province, north China. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence and risk factors of Chlamydia and Chlamydia abortus infection in cattle in Shanxi Province. In November 2020, a large-scale investigation of Chlamydia seroprevalence was conducted on 981 cattle serum samples collected from 40 cattle farms in 11 cities of Shanxi Province. The seroprevalence of Chlamydia and C. abortus was examined by indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The seroprevalence of Chlamydia and C. abortus was 52.29% (513/981) and 2.96% (29/981), respectively, in cattle in Shanxi Province. Location was identified as a risk factor for Chlamydia and C. abortus infection (p < 0.05). Under different management patterns, the seroprevalence of Chlamydia and C. abortus in large-scale animal farming companies was higher than that in household animal farms and animal farming cooperatives, and only the seroprevalence of Chlamydia was significantly different in different management patterns (p < 0.01). The results showed that there was higher seroprevalence of Chlamydia in cattle in Shanxi Province, while C. abortus was not the dominant species. This study provided baseline information on Chlamydia infection in cattle in Shanxi Province, which constitutes valuable data for monitoring livestock health and preventing potential zoonoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jin Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Chen-Xu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Higher Education of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yu-Ping Lei
- Veterinary Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Taiyuan 030008, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-P.L.); (W.-W.G.)
| | - Wen-Wei Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-P.L.); (W.-W.G.)
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Ciuria S, Brouwer MSM, de Gier MM, van Zeeland Y, Bossers A, Prähauser B, Schädler J, Hatt JM, Heijne M, Borel N. Chlamydia caviae in Swiss and Dutch Guinea Pigs-Occurrence and Genetic Diversity. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10101230. [PMID: 34684177 PMCID: PMC8539544 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia (C.) caviae is a known pathogen in guinea pigs, causing conjunctivitis, respiratory infections and abortions. Recently, a C. caviae-induced zoonotic link was identified as the etiology of severe community-acquired pneumonia in humans. Here, 784 conjunctival and rectal swabs originating from 260 guinea pigs and 110 rabbits from 64 husbandries in Switzerland, as well as 200 composite conjunctival swabs originating from 878 guinea pigs from 37 husbandries in The Netherlands were examined by real-time PCR followed by conventional PCR and sequencing. Chlamydiaceae were detected in 2.3% (18/784) and 12.5% (25/200) of all Swiss and Dutch samples, respectively. An overall C. caviae occurrence was detected in 2.7% (7/260) and 8.9% (78/878) of all Swiss and Dutch guinea pigs, respectively. OmpA genotyping of 64 C. caviae-positive samples resulted in 33 sequences sharing 100% nucleotide identity with the strains isolated from the zoonotic transmission cases in The Netherlands. However, all ompA sequences of this study were distinct from the C. caviae GPIC reference strain. C. caviae was not detected in rabbits but C. psittaci genotype A was identified in guinea pigs and rabbits, raising concerns about the importance of these animal species as novel zoonotic sources for C. psittaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ciuria
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.P.)
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael S. M. Brouwer
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; (M.S.M.B.); (A.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Marende M. de Gier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.d.G.); (Y.v.Z.)
| | - Yvonne van Zeeland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.d.G.); (Y.v.Z.)
| | - Alex Bossers
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; (M.S.M.B.); (A.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Barbara Prähauser
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.P.)
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Schädler
- National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Jean-Michel Hatt
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Marloes Heijne
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; (M.S.M.B.); (A.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Nicole Borel
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-6358563
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Genetic Characterization of Cryptosporidium cuniculus from Rabbits in Egypt. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10060775. [PMID: 34203099 PMCID: PMC8235062 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabbits are increasingly farmed in Egypt for meat. They are, however, known reservoirs of infectious pathogens. Currently, no information is available on the genetic characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. in rabbits in Egypt. To understand the prevalence and genetic identity of Cryptosporidium spp. in these animals, 235 fecal samples were collected from rabbits of different ages on nine farms in El-Dakahlia, El-Gharbia, and Damietta Provinces, Egypt during the period from July 2015 to April 2016. PCR-RFLP analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene was used to detect and genotype Cryptosporidium spp. The overall detection rate was 11.9% (28/235). All 28 samples were identified as Cryptosporidium cuniculus. The 16 samples successfully subtyped by the sequence analysis of the partial 60 kDa glycoprotein gene belonged to two subtypes, VbA19 (n = 1) and VbA33 (n = 15). As C. cuniculus is increasingly recognized as a cause of human cryptosporidiosis, Cryptosporidium spp. in rabbits from Egypt have zoonotic potential.
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Wu JY, Li JJ, Wang DF, Wei YR, Meng XX, Tuerxun G, Bolati H, Liu KK, Muhan M, Shahan A, Dilixiati D, Yang XY. Seroprevalence of Five Zoonotic Pathogens in Wild Ruminants in Xinjiang, Northwest China. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2020; 20:882-887. [PMID: 32936059 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2020.2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild ruminants are at risk for zoonotic pathogen infection as a result of interactions with domestic animals and humans. One way to assess the level of a wild ruminant disease in a population is to determine the seroprevalence of the pathogen of interest. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of five zoonotic pathogens in wild ruminants in Xinjiang, Northwest China. In 2009 and 2011-2015, 258 wild ruminant sera samples were collected from various species. Samples were obtained from 30 Siberian ibexes, 94 goitered gazelles, 6 Tibetan antelopes, 32 argali sheep, 16 roe deer, 20 blue sheep, 56 red deer, and 4 wild yaks, in 10 regions of Xinjiang. Samples were tested using antibodies against Brucella spp., Chlamydophila abortus, Coxiella burnetii, Toxoplasma gondii, and West Nile virus. Seropositivity was detected for all five pathogens, with detection rates of Brucella spp., C. abortus, C. burnetii, T. gondii, and West Nile virus of 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5-4.2%), 6.2% (95% CI, 3.3-9.1%), 7.8% (95% CI, 4.5-11.0%), 2.3% (95% CI, 0.5-4.2%), and 0.8% (95% CI, 0-1.8%), respectively. The level of pathogens differed for different species and different regions. The results indicate that seropositivity to zoonotic pathogens is common among wild ruminants in Xinjiang, Northwest China, with C. burnetii and C. abortus detected at the highest levels. This study provides a baseline for future assessment of spillover events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yong Wu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Deng-Feng Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Yu-Rong Wei
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Meng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Gunuer Tuerxun
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Hongduzi Bolati
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Kang-Kang Liu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Masha Muhan
- Wildlife Focus Disease Monitoring Station of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | | | | | - Xue-Yun Yang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
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Li MH, Yang BT, Yin ZW, Wang W, Zhao Q, Jiang J. A Seroepidemiological Survey of Toxoplasma gondii and Chlamydia Infection in Chickens, Ducks, and Geese in Jilin Province, Northeastern China. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2020; 20:825-830. [PMID: 32746740 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2020.2614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii and Chlamydia are common protozoan pathogens, which can pose health risks to people around the world and cause considerable economic losses. Although information on the seroprevalence of T. gondii and Chlamydia in chickens can be found in China, knowledge on the infection of these two diseases in rural chickens, ducks, and geese is limited. Therefore, blood samples from 377 chickens, 268 ducks, and 379 geese were taken from rural areas in seven cities in northeastern China, and their seropositivity was analyzed by the indirect hemagglutination antibody (IHA) test with a cutoff titer of 1:64. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii and Chlamydia was 10.6% and 21.0%, respectively. Moreover, the free-range poultry (20.75% and 30.55%) have significantly higher seroprevalences than caged poultry (5.47% and 15.66%) (p < 0.001). Moreover, the seroprevalence of T. gondii in older and younger poultry was found to be 5.48% and 12.89%, and those in Chlamydia were 23.53% and 15.16%, respectively. There were significant differences between different ages (p < 0.05). But regarding the prevalence of both, it is not clear in this way which one is the prevalence for younger and older for each specific pathogen. Logistic regression analysis suggested that geography were considered as a risk factor for T. gondii infection in this study. Our study is the first report on the seroprevalence of T. gondii and Chlamydia in poultry in rural areas of Jilin Province, China. These data reflect that T. gondii and Chlamydia are widespread in poultry in northeastern China, leading to a risk of infection in human health. Therefore, the prevention and control of Toxoplasma and Chlamydia infection in poultry, other animals, and humans should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Han Li
- Department of Parasitology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Bin-Tong Yang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China.,Department of Parasitology, College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Yin
- Department of Parasitology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Quan Zhao
- Department of Parasitology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, P.R. China
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Hotinger JA, May AE. Animal Models of Type III Secretion System-Mediated Pathogenesis. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8040257. [PMID: 31766664 PMCID: PMC6963218 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8040257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The type III secretion system (T3SS) is a conserved virulence factor used by many Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria and has become an important target for anti-virulence drugs. Most T3SS inhibitors to date have been discovered using in vitro screening assays. Pharmacokinetics and other important characteristics of pharmaceuticals cannot be determined with in vitro assays alone. In vivo assays are required to study pathogens in their natural environment and are an important step in the development of new drugs and vaccines. Animal models are also required to understand whether T3SS inhibition will enable the host to clear the infection. This review covers selected animal models (mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, cat, dog, pig, cattle, primates, chicken, zebrafish, nematode, wax moth, flea, fly, and amoeba), where T3SS activity and infectivity have been studied in relation to specific pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Shigella spp., Bordetella spp., Vibrio spp., Chlamydia spp., and Yersinia spp.). These assays may be appropriate for those researching T3SS inhibition.
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Seasonal Health Risks Due to Zoonotic Pathogens from Hand-dug Well Water in Ohangwena and Omusati Regions of Namibia. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.3.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Jiang J, Ma JG, Zhang NZ, Xu P, Hou G, Zhao Q, Zhang XX. Prevalence and risk factors of Giardia duodenalis in domestic rabbbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Jilin and Liaoning province, northeastern China. J Infect Public Health 2018; 11:723-726. [PMID: 29580897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Giardia duodenalis is one of the most important intestinal parasites that can infect virtually all animals, including rabbits and humans. However, there is little information regarding the prevalence and genotypes of G. duodenalis in domestic rabbits in China. METHODS A total of 426 rabbit fecal samples (136 from Shenyang City, 174 from Changchun City, and 116 from Jilin City) were examined by Lugol's iodine staining with microscopy analysis, and the positive samples were genotyped at the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) and the beta giardin (bg) gene loci using nested PCR. RESULTS Forty-two (9.86%) out of 426 rabbit fecal samples were G. duodenalis-positive under microscopy analysis, and the highest G. duodenalis infection rate was 23.08% on farm 6. The prevalence of G. duodenalis in rabbits from different cities ranged from 1.47% to 14.37%. Among different age groups, G. duodenalis prevalence in rabbits ranged from 5.41% to 12.58%. The prevalence of G. duodenalis in outdoor rabbits and indoor rabbits was 14.29% and 6.77%, respectively. In the present study, region and farming mode were highly correlated with G. duodenalis infection in rabbits. All 42 G. duodenalis isolates were successfully amplified and sequenced at the tpi and bg loci, and only G. duodenalis assemblage B were identified. CONCLUSION This study not only further confirmed the dominance of G. duodenalis assemblage B in rabbits, but also further improved the foundation data concerning the distribution of G. duodenalis assemblages in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chanchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, Jilin Province 130600, PR China
| | - Jian-Gang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China
| | - Nian-Zhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province 121001, PR China
| | - Guangyu Hou
- College of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province 157011, PR China.
| | - Quan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chanchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, Jilin Province 130600, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Xuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
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Liu F, Li JM, Zeng FL, Zong Y, Leng X, Shi K, Diao NC, Li D, Li BY, Zhao Q, Du R. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Brucellosis, Chlamydiosis, and Bluetongue Among Sika Deer in Jilin Province in China. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2018; 18:226-230. [PMID: 29595405 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2017.2226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis and chlamydiosis are important zoonotic diseases and bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arthropod-borne viral disease of ruminants. They are widely distributed around the world, cause large economic losses, and significant harmful effects on humans. However, epidemiological information relating to transmission from commercial sika deer in China is limited. Therefore, from 2016 to 2017, 458 sika deer blood samples were collected from three cities in Jilin Province in China. The Brucella antigen and specific antibodies to Chlamydia and BTV were examined using RT-PCR, indirect hemagglutination assay, and ELISA, respectively. The prevalence of Brucella was found to be 12.9% (59/458) and the seroprevalence of Chlamydia and BTV was 14.4% (66/458) and 17.0% (78/458), respectively. Seasonality was considered a risk factor for the presence of Brucella or BTV in sika deer and the region was considered a risk factor for Chlamydia infection. These data provides reference values for both further research and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ming Li
- 2 College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan-Li Zeng
- 2 College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zong
- 2 College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Leng
- 2 College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Shi
- 2 College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Chao Diao
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Yu Li
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhao
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Du
- 2 College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, People's Republic of China
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