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Schädler J, Azeke AT, Ondruschka B, Steurer S, Lütgehetmann M, Fitzek A, Möbius D. Concordance between MITS and conventional autopsies for pathological and virological diagnoses. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:431-442. [PMID: 37837537 PMCID: PMC10861633 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03088-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
In pandemics or to further study highly contagious infectious diseases, new strategies are needed for the collection of post-mortem tissue samples to identify the pathogen as well as its morphological impact. In this study, an ultrasound-guided minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) protocol was developed and validated for post-mortem use. The histological and microbiological qualities of post-mortem specimens were evaluated and compared between MITS and conventional autopsy (CA) in a series of COVID-19 deaths. Thirty-six ultrasound-guided MITS were performed. In five cases more, specimens for histological and virological examination were also obtained and compared during the subsequently performed CA. Summary statistics and qualitative interpretations (positive, negative) were calculated for each organ tissue sample from MITS and CA, and target genes were determined for both human cell count (beta-globin) and virus (SARS-CoV-2 specific E gene). There are no significant differences between MITS and CA with respect to the detectability of viral load in individual organs, which is why MITS can be of utmost importance and an useful alternative, especially during outbreaks of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Akhator Terence Azeke
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology, and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Fitzek
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dustin Möbius
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Schädler J, Ron A, Ondruschka B, Edler C. Singular stab wounds to the trunk: Is this suicidal or homicidal? Leg Med (Tokyo) 2024; 68:102430. [PMID: 38432141 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Differentiating homicidal or suicidal deaths in presence of a singular stab wound to the anterior or lateral trunk is still a challenge in forensic practice. There are numerous criteria in the literature and in current forensic textbooks to distinguish between self-inflicted injuries and homicide. The applicability of these criteria in single stab injuries was examined by elucidating 12 suicides and 33 homicides, each with a single stab injury to the anterior or lateral trunk and were largely confirmed. An instrumentality still stuck in the corpse was always associated with a suicide in the given cohort. In summary, the final evaluation should always be based on an interpretation of the post mortem findings together with the circumstances on site of discovery as well as the results of the police investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Ron
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Edler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Woo MS, Shafiq M, Fitzek A, Dottermusch M, Altmeppen H, Mohammadi B, Mayer C, Bal LC, Raich L, Matschke J, Krasemann S, Pfefferle S, Brehm TT, Lütgehetmann M, Schädler J, Addo MM, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Ondruschka B, Friese MA, Glatzel M. Vagus nerve inflammation contributes to dysautonomia in COVID-19. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:387-394. [PMID: 37452829 PMCID: PMC10412500 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Dysautonomia has substantially impacted acute COVID-19 severity as well as symptom burden after recovery from COVID-19 (long COVID), yet the underlying causes remain unknown. Here, we hypothesized that vagus nerves are affected in COVID-19 which might contribute to autonomic dysfunction. We performed a histopathological characterization of postmortem vagus nerves from COVID-19 patients and controls, and detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA together with inflammatory cell infiltration composed primarily of monocytes. Furthermore, we performed RNA sequencing which revealed a strong inflammatory response of neurons, endothelial cells, and Schwann cells which correlated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA load. Lastly, we screened a clinical cohort of 323 patients to detect a clinical phenotype of vagus nerve affection and found a decreased respiratory rate in non-survivors of critical COVID-19. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 induces vagus nerve inflammation followed by autonomic dysfunction which contributes to critical disease courses and might contribute to dysautonomia observed in long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel S Woo
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mohsin Shafiq
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Fitzek
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Dottermusch
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Behnam Mohammadi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Mayer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas C Bal
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Raich
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Matschke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Pfefferle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Theo Brehm
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marylyn M Addo
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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4
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Kolabas ZI, Kuemmerle LB, Perneczky R, Förstera B, Ulukaya S, Ali M, Kapoor S, Bartos LM, Büttner M, Caliskan OS, Rong Z, Mai H, Höher L, Jeridi D, Molbay M, Khalin I, Deligiannis IK, Negwer M, Roberts K, Simats A, Carofiglio O, Todorov MI, Horvath I, Ozturk F, Hummel S, Biechele G, Zatcepin A, Unterrainer M, Gnörich J, Roodselaar J, Shrouder J, Khosravani P, Tast B, Richter L, Díaz-Marugán L, Kaltenecker D, Lux L, Chen Y, Zhao S, Rauchmann BS, Sterr M, Kunze I, Stanic K, Kan VWY, Besson-Girard S, Katzdobler S, Palleis C, Schädler J, Paetzold JC, Liebscher S, Hauser AE, Gokce O, Lickert H, Steinke H, Benakis C, Braun C, Martinez-Jimenez CP, Buerger K, Albert NL, Höglinger G, Levin J, Haass C, Kopczak A, Dichgans M, Havla J, Kümpfel T, Kerschensteiner M, Schifferer M, Simons M, Liesz A, Krahmer N, Bayraktar OA, Franzmeier N, Plesnila N, Erener S, Puelles VG, Delbridge C, Bhatia HS, Hellal F, Elsner M, Bechmann I, Ondruschka B, Brendel M, Theis FJ, Erturk A. Distinct molecular profiles of skull bone marrow in health and neurological disorders. Cell 2023; 186:3706-3725.e29. [PMID: 37562402 PMCID: PMC10443631 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow in the skull is important for shaping immune responses in the brain and meninges, but its molecular makeup among bones and relevance in human diseases remain unclear. Here, we show that the mouse skull has the most distinct transcriptomic profile compared with other bones in states of health and injury, characterized by a late-stage neutrophil phenotype. In humans, proteome analysis reveals that the skull marrow is the most distinct, with differentially expressed neutrophil-related pathways and a unique synaptic protein signature. 3D imaging demonstrates the structural and cellular details of human skull-meninges connections (SMCs) compared with veins. Last, using translocator protein positron emission tomography (TSPO-PET) imaging, we show that the skull bone marrow reflects inflammatory brain responses with a disease-specific spatial distribution in patients with various neurological disorders. The unique molecular profile and anatomical and functional connections of the skull show its potential as a site for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Ilgin Kolabas
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany
| | - Louis B Kuemmerle
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Division of Mental Health in Older Adults and Alzheimer Therapy and Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Benjamin Förstera
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Selin Ulukaya
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Mayar Ali
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany; Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Saketh Kapoor
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura M Bartos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maren Büttner
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ozum Sehnaz Caliskan
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Zhouyi Rong
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Medical Research School (MMRS), 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Hongcheng Mai
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Medical Research School (MMRS), 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Luciano Höher
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Denise Jeridi
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Muge Molbay
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Igor Khalin
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Moritz Negwer
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Alba Simats
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Olga Carofiglio
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mihail I Todorov
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Izabela Horvath
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; School of Computation, Information and Technology (CIT), TUM, Boltzmannstr. 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Furkan Ozturk
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Selina Hummel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gloria Biechele
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Artem Zatcepin
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Unterrainer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Gnörich
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jay Roodselaar
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, Germany; Immune Dynamics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joshua Shrouder
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pardis Khosravani
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Core Facility Flow Cytometry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Tast
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Core Facility Flow Cytometry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Richter
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Core Facility Flow Cytometry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Díaz-Marugán
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Kaltenecker
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laurin Lux
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Shan Zhao
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Division of Mental Health in Older Adults and Alzheimer Therapy and Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Sterr
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ines Kunze
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karen Stanic
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa W Y Kan
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Besson-Girard
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Katzdobler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Carla Palleis
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes C Paetzold
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sabine Liebscher
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja E Hauser
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, Germany; Immune Dynamics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ozgun Gokce
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanno Steinke
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Corinne Benakis
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Braun
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Celia P Martinez-Jimenez
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus (HPC), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nathalie L Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Günter Höglinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Kopczak
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Havla
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Kerschensteiner
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Schifferer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Mikael Simons
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Arthur Liesz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Nicolai Franzmeier
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Plesnila
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Suheda Erener
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Victor G Puelles
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Claire Delbridge
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, Technical University Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Harsharan Singh Bhatia
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Farida Hellal
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Elsner
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Ali Erturk
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Center, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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5
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Terence Azeke A, Schädler J, Ondruschka B, Steurer S, Möbius D, Fitzek A. Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling via Post Mortem Ultrasound: A Feasible Tool (Not Only) in Infectious Diseases-A Case Report. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2643. [PMID: 37627902 PMCID: PMC10453131 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past years the number of hospital autopsies have declined steadily, becoming almost excluded from medical training. Medicolegal (forensic) autopsies account for almost all autopsies, whereas hospital autopsies are becoming increasingly rare. Minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) using post mortem ultrasound offers the opportunity to increase the number of post mortem examinations in a clinical and even forensic context. MITS is a needle-based post mortem procedure that uses (radiological) imaging techniques to examine major organs of the body, acquire tissue samples and aspirate fluid from the body cavities or hollow organs. In this study, MITS was used to determine the presence of other co-existing diseases in a deceased infected 97-year-old woman with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The examination of her body was carried out using ultrasound as an imaging tool and to gather ultrasound-guided biopsies as conventional autopsy was rejected by the next of kin. Ultrasound and histology identified an intravesical mass leading to an obstruction of the urinary outlet resulting in bilateral hydronephrosis and purulent pyelonephritis, which was unknown during her lifetime. Histopathological examination revealed the tumor mass to be a squamous cell carcinoma. This study has shown that MITS can be used to determine the cause of death and the presence of concomitant diseases in the infectious deceased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhator Terence Azeke
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, KM 87 Benin Auchi Rd, Irrua 310115, Nigeria
| | - Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, D-22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, D-22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dustin Möbius
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, D-22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Fitzek
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, D-22529 Hamburg, Germany
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Beck C, Ramanujam D, Vaccarello P, Widenmeyer F, Feuerherd M, Cheng CC, Bomhard A, Abikeeva T, Schädler J, Sperhake JP, Graw M, Safi S, Hoffmann H, Staab-Weijnitz CA, Rad R, Protzer U, Frischmuth T, Engelhardt S. Trimannose-coupled antimiR-21 for macrophage-targeted inhalation treatment of acute inflammatory lung damage. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4564. [PMID: 37507393 PMCID: PMC10382532 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies of severe acute inflammatory lung disease including COVID-19 identify macrophages to drive pulmonary hyperinflammation and long-term damage such as fibrosis. Here, we report on the development of a first-in-class, carbohydrate-coupled inhibitor of microRNA-21 (RCS-21), as a therapeutic means against pulmonary hyperinflammation and fibrosis. MicroRNA-21 is among the strongest upregulated microRNAs in human COVID-19 and in mice with acute inflammatory lung damage, and it is the strongest expressed microRNA in pulmonary macrophages. Chemical linkage of a microRNA-21 inhibitor to trimannose achieves rapid and specific delivery to macrophages upon inhalation in mice. RCS-21 reverses pathological activation of macrophages and prevents pulmonary dysfunction and fibrosis after acute lung damage in mice. In human lung tissue infected with SARS-CoV-2 ex vivo, RCS-21 effectively prevents the exaggerated inflammatory response. Our data imply trimannose-coupling for effective and selective delivery of inhaled oligonucleotides to pulmonary macrophages and report on a first mannose-coupled candidate therapeutic for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Beck
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Deepak Ramanujam
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- RNATICS GmbH, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Paula Vaccarello
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Florenc Widenmeyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Feuerherd
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Munich, Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Cho-Chin Cheng
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Munich, Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Anton Bomhard
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Tatiana Abikeeva
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sperhake
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Graw
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Seyer Safi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Hoffmann
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia A Staab-Weijnitz
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Translatum Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Munich, Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Frischmuth
- Baseclick GmbH, Neuried, Germany
- RNATICS GmbH, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
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Schädler J, Lütgehetmann M, Schröder AS, Edler C, Püschel K, Ondruschka B, Fitzek A. Pilot study in Hamburg on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and pandemic survey in the German funeral industry. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12024-023-00661-y. [PMID: 37354275 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Funeral home and crematorium workers are an important occupational group in the corona crisis. The occupational setting led to concerns about an increased risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2. The seroprevalence in this occupational group is unclear. A questionnaire-based retrospective survey of funeral home and crematorium staff was conducted in December 2020. A second survey of funeral and crematorium staff was conducted 6 months later, in June 2021, to determine changes in pandemic management. Seroprevalence or vaccination status for SARS-CoV-2 was determined at these two time points. In December 2020, a seroprevalence of 2.3% (n = 1/44) was detected in funeral home and crematorium workers. In June 2021, one additional participant tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid. Of the participants, 48.5% (n = 16) were vaccinated at this time. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection for funeral home and crematorium workers is more similar to that of the general population in Hamburg, Germany. We found no evidence of an increased risk of infection at these two time points in our cohort. Further education on communicable diseases or appropriate protective measures in this occupational group for other infectious diseases would be useful in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology, and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann Sophie Schröder
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Edler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Püschel
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Fitzek
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Schädler J, Schwarz J, Peter‐Egli J, Schüpbach‐Regula G, Wiederkehr D, Albini S. Survey of Salmonellae occurrence in meat-producing rabbitries in Switzerland. Vet Rec Open 2022; 9:e24. [PMID: 35111328 PMCID: PMC8783381 DOI: 10.1002/vro2.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An outbreak of salmonellosis due to Salmonella Typhimurium was detected coincidentally in a Swiss meat rabbitry, given that surveillance of Salmonella in rabbits is not mandatory in Switzerland. METHODS To assess the extent of potentially subclinical Salmonella carriage in meat rabbits, faecal pool samples of 50 farms (90% of Swiss commercial rabbitries) with ground covering litter and group housing were bacteriologically tested. Additionally, 236 rabbits showing clinical signs compatible with intestinal diseases, such as salmonellosis, were examined postmortem and analysed bacteriologically. Salmonella isolates were serotyped and analysed by whole genome sequencing (WGS). RESULTS Salmonella Typhimurium was detected in three commercial farms (6.0% of all tested farms). The affected farms were directly linked to the animal trade and Salmonella isolates were shown to be identical by WGS. CONCLUSION There is no increased hazard for Salmonella carriage in the animal welfare-friendly Swiss husbandry systems in general, despite risk factors such as ground covering litter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schädler
- National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK)Institute for Food Safety and HygieneVetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Julia Schwarz
- School of AgriculturalForest and Food SciencesBerne University of Applied SciencesZollikofenSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Danja Wiederkehr
- School of AgriculturalForest and Food SciencesBerne University of Applied SciencesZollikofenSwitzerland
| | - Sarah Albini
- National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK)Institute for Food Safety and HygieneVetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Voigtlaender M, Edler C, Gerling M, Schädler J, Ondruschka B, Schröder AS, Sperhake J, Ehrhardt S, Wang L, Haddad M, Kiencke V, Renné T, Roedl K, Kluge S, Wichmann D, Langer F. Thromboembolic events in deceased patients with proven SARS-CoV-2 infection: Frequency, characteristics and risk factors. Thromb Res 2022; 218:171-176. [PMID: 36057167 PMCID: PMC9420077 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) results in respiratory syndromes but also in vascular complications such as thromboembolism (TE). In this regard, immunothrombosis, resulting from inflammation in SARS-CoV-2 infected tissues, has been described. Data on TE in COVID-19 are mainly based on clinical observational and/or incomplete autopsy studies. The true burden of TE and the relevance of genetic predisposition, however, have not been resolved. OBJECTIVES Here, we report on a consecutive cohort of 100 fully autopsied patients deceased by SARS-CoV-2 infections during the first wave of the pandemic (March to April 2020). We investigated the localization of TE, potential clinical risk factors, and the prothrombotic gene mutations, factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A, in postmortem blood or tissue samples. RESULTS TE was found in 43/100 autopsies. 93 % of TE events were venous occlusions, with 23 patients having pulmonary thromboembolism (PT) with or without lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis. Of these, 70 % showed PT restricted to (sub)segmental arteries, consistent with in situ immunothrombosis. Patients with TE had a significantly higher BMI and died more frequently at an intensive care unit. Hereditary thrombophilia factors were not associated with TE. CONCLUSIONS Our autopsy results show that a significant proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients suffer from TE, affecting predominantly the venous system. Orthotopic peripheral PT was the most frequent finding. Hereditary thrombophilia appears not to be a determinant for TE in COVID-19. However, obesity and the need for intensive care increase the risk of TE in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Voigtlaender
- II. Medical Department - Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation and Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Edler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Gerling
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann Sophie Schröder
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Sperhake
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ehrhardt
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Baltimore, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Baltimore, USA
| | - Munif Haddad
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Verena Kiencke
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kevin Roedl
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kluge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominic Wichmann
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Langer
- II. Medical Department - Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation and Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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von Stillfried S, Bülow RD, Röhrig R, Meybohm P, Boor P, Böcker J, Schmidt J, Tholen P, Majeed R, Wienströer J, Weis J, Bremer J, Knüchel R, Breitbach A, Cacchi C, Freeborn B, Wucherpfennig S, Spring O, Braun G, Römmele C, Märkl B, Claus R, Dhillon C, Schaller T, Sipos E, Hirschbühl K, Wittmann M, Kling E, Kröncke T, Heppner FL, Meinhardt J, Radbruch H, Streit S, Horst D, Elezkurtaj S, Quaas A, Göbel H, Hansen T, Titze U, Lorenzen J, Reuter T, Woloszyn J, Baretton G, Hilsenbeck J, Meinhardt M, Pablik J, Sommer L, Holotiuk O, Meinel M, Mahlke N, Esposito I, Crudele G, Seidl M, Amann KU, Coras R, Hartmann A, Eichhorn P, Haller F, Lange F, Schmid KW, Ingenwerth M, Rawitzer J, Theegarten D, Birngruber CG, Wild P, Gradhand E, Smith K, Werner M, Schilling O, Acker T, Gattenlöhner S, Stadelmann C, Metz I, Franz J, Stork L, Thomas C, Zechel S, Ströbel P, Wickenhauser C, Fathke C, Harder A, Ondruschka B, Dietz E, Edler C, Fitzek A, Fröb D, Heinemann A, Heinrich F, Klein A, Kniep I, Lohner L, Möbius D, Püschel K, Schädler J, Schröder AS, Sperhake JP, Aepfelbacher M, Fischer N, Lütgehetmann M, Pfefferle S, Glatzel M, Krasemann S, Matschke J, Jonigk D, Werlein C, Schirmacher P, Domke LM, Hartmann L, Klein IM, Schwab C, Röcken C, Friemann J, Langer D, Roth W, Strobl S, Rudelius M, Stock KF, Weichert W, Delbridge C, Kasajima A, Kuhn PH, Slotta-Huspenina J, Weirich G, Barth P, Wardelmann E, Schnepper A, Evert K, Büttner A, Manhart J, Nigbur S, Bittmann I, Fend F, Bösmüller H, Granai M, Klingel K, Warm V, Steinestel K, Umathum VG, Rosenwald A, Kurz F, Vogt N. Intracranial hemorrhage in COVID-19 patients during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory failure: a nationwide register study report. Crit Care 2022; 26:83. [PMID: 35346314 PMCID: PMC8958804 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-03945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In severe cases, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), often treated by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). During ECMO therapy, anticoagulation is crucial to prevent device-associated thrombosis and device failure, however, it is associated with bleeding complications. In COVID-19, additional pathologies, such as endotheliitis, may further increase the risk of bleeding complications. To assess the frequency of bleeding events, we analyzed data from the German COVID-19 autopsy registry (DeRegCOVID). Methods The electronic registry uses a web-based electronic case report form. In November 2021, the registry included N = 1129 confirmed COVID-19 autopsy cases, with data on 63 ECMO autopsy cases and 1066 non-ECMO autopsy cases, contributed from 29 German sites. Findings The registry data showed that ECMO was used in younger male patients and bleeding events occurred much more frequently in ECMO cases compared to non-ECMO cases (56% and 9%, respectively). Similarly, intracranial bleeding (ICB) was documented in 21% of ECMO cases and 3% of non-ECMO cases and was classified as the immediate or underlying cause of death in 78% of ECMO cases and 37% of non-ECMO cases. In ECMO cases, the three most common immediate causes of death were multi-organ failure, ARDS and ICB, and in non-ECMO cases ARDS, multi-organ failure and pulmonary bacterial ± fungal superinfection, ordered by descending frequency. Interpretation Our study suggests the potential value of autopsies and a joint interdisciplinary multicenter (national) approach in addressing fatal complications in COVID-19. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13054-022-03945-x.
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von Stillfried S, Bülow RD, Röhrig R, Boor P, Böcker J, Schmidt J, Tholen P, Majeed R, Wienströer J, Weis J, Bremer J, Knüchel R, Breitbach A, Cacchi C, Freeborn B, Wucherpfennig S, Spring O, Braun G, Römmele C, Märkl B, Claus R, Dhillon C, Schaller T, Sipos E, Hirschbühl K, Wittmann M, Kling E, Kröncke T, Heppner FL, Meinhardt J, Radbruch H, Streit S, Horst D, Elezkurtaj S, Quaas A, Göbel H, Hansen T, Titze U, Lorenzen J, Reuter T, Woloszyn J, Baretton G, Hilsenbeck J, Meinhardt M, Pablik J, Sommer L, Holotiuk O, Meinel M, Mahlke N, Esposito I, Crudele G, Seidl M, Amann KU, Coras R, Hartmann A, Eichhorn P, Haller F, Lange F, Schmid KW, Ingenwerth M, Rawitzer J, Theegarten D, Birngruber CG, Wild P, Gradhand E, Smith K, Werner M, Schilling O, Acker T, Gattenlöhner S, Stadelmann C, Metz I, Franz J, Stork L, Thomas C, Zechel S, Ströbel P, Wickenhauser C, Fathke C, Harder A, Ondruschka B, Dietz E, Edler C, Fitzek A, Fröb D, Heinemann A, Heinrich F, Klein A, Kniep I, Lohner L, Möbius D, Püschel K, Schädler J, Schröder AS, Sperhake JP, Aepfelbacher M, Fischer N, Lütgehetmann M, Pfefferle S, Glatzel M, Krasemann S, Matschke J, Jonigk D, Werlein C, Schirmacher P, Domke LM, Hartmann L, Klein IM, Schwab C, Röcken C, Friemann J, Langer D, Roth W, Strobl S, Rudelius M, Stock KF, Weichert W, Delbridge C, Kasajima A, Kuhn PH, Slotta-Huspenina J, Weirich G, Barth P, Wardelmann E, Evert K, Büttner A, Manhart J, Nigbur S, Bittmann I, Fend F, Bösmüller H, Granai M, Klingel K, Warm V, Steinestel K, Umathum VG, Rosenwald A, Kurz F, Vogt N. First report from the German COVID-19 autopsy registry. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 15:100330. [PMID: 35531493 PMCID: PMC9073019 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autopsies are an important tool in medicine, dissecting disease pathophysiology and causes of death. In COVID-19, autopsies revealed e.g., the effects on pulmonary (micro)vasculature or the nervous system, systemic viral spread, or the interplay with the immune system. To facilitate multicentre autopsy-based studies and provide a central hub supporting autopsy centres, researchers, and data analyses and reporting, in April 2020 the German COVID-19 Autopsy Registry (DeRegCOVID) was launched. Methods The electronic registry uses a web-based electronic case report form. Participation is voluntary and biomaterial remains at the respective site (decentralized biobanking). As of October 2021, the registry included N=1129 autopsy cases, with 69271 single data points including information on 18674 available biospecimens gathered from 29 German sites. Findings In the N=1095 eligible records, the male-to-female ratio was 1·8:1, with peaks at 65-69 and 80-84 years in males and >85 years in females. The analysis of the chain of events directly leading to death revealed COVID-19 as the underlying cause of death in 86% of the autopsy cases, whereas in 14% COVID-19 was a concomitant disease. The most common immediate cause of death was diffuse alveolar damage, followed by multi-organ failure. The registry supports several scientific projects, public outreach and provides reports to the federal health authorities, leading to legislative adaptation of the German Infection Protection Act, facilitating the performance of autopsies during pandemics. Interpretation A national autopsy registry can provide multicentre quantitative information on COVID-19 deaths on a national level, supporting medical research, political decision-making and public discussion. Funding German Federal Ministries of Education and Research and Health. Hintergrund: Obduktionen sind ein wichtiges Instrument in der Medizin, um die Pathophysiologie von Krankheiten und Todesursachen zu untersuchen. Im Rahmen von COVID-19 wurden durch Obduktionen z.B. die Auswirkungen auf die pulmonale Mikrovaskulatur, das Nervensystem, die systemische Virusausbreitung, und das Zusammenspiel mit dem Immunsystem untersucht. Um multizentrische, auf Obduktionen basierende Studien zu erleichtern und eine zentrale Anlaufstelle zu schaffen, die Obduktionszentren, Forscher sowie Datenanalysen und -berichte unterstützt, wurde im April 2020 das deutsche COVID-19-Autopsieregister (DeRegCOVID) ins Leben gerufen. Methoden: Das elektronische Register verwendet ein webbasiertes elektronisches Fallberichtsformular. Die Teilnahme ist freiwillig und das Biomaterial verbleibt am jeweiligen Standort (dezentrales Biobanking). Im Oktober 2021 umfasste das Register N=1129 Obduktionsfälle mit 69271 einzelnen Datenpunkten, die Informationen über 18674 verfügbare Bioproben enthielten, die von 29 deutschen Standorten gesammelt wurden. Ergebnisse: In den N=1095 ausgewerteten Datensätzen betrug das Verhältnis von Männern zu Frauen 1,8:1 mit Spitzenwerten bei 65-69 und 80-84 Jahren bei Männern und >85 Jahren bei Frauen. Die Analyse der Sequenz der unmittelbar zum Tod führenden Ereignisse ergab, dass in 86 % der Obduktionsfälle COVID-19 die zugrunde liegende Todesursache war, während in 14 % der Fälle COVID-19 eine Begleiterkrankung war. Die häufigste unmittelbare Todesursache war der diffuse Alveolarschaden, gefolgt von Multiorganversagen. Das Register unterstützt mehrere wissenschaftliche Projekte, die Öffentlichkeitsarbeit und liefert Berichte an die Bundesgesundheitsbehörden, was zu einer Anpassung des deutschen Infektionsschutzgesetzes führte und die Durchführung von Obduktionen in Pandemien erleichtert. Interpretation: Ein nationales Obduktionsregister kann multizentrische quantitative Informationen über COVID-19-Todesfälle auf nationaler Ebene liefern und damit die medizinische Forschung, die politische Entscheidungsfindung und die öffentliche Diskussion unterstützen. Finanzierung: Bundesministerien für Bildung und Forschung und für Gesundheit.
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von Stillfried S, Freeborn B, Windeck S, Boor P, Böcker J, Schmidt J, Tholen P, Röhrig R, Majeed R, Wienströer J, Bremer J, Weis J, Knüchel R, Breitbach A, Bülow RD, Cacchi C, Wucherpfennig S, Märkl B, Claus R, Dhillon C, Schaller T, Sipos E, Spring O, Braun G, Römmele C, Kling E, Kröncke T, Wittmann M, Hirschbühl K, Heppner FL, Meinhardt J, Radbruch H, Streit S, Horst D, Elezkurtaj S, Quaas A, Göbel H, Friemann J, Hansen T, Titze U, Lorenzen J, Reuter T, Woloszyn J, Baretton G, Hilsenbeck J, Meinhardt M, Pablik J, Sommer L, Holotiuk O, Meinel M, Esposito I, Crudele G, Seidl M, Mahlke N, Hartmann A, Haller F, Eichhorn P, Lange F, Amann KU, Coras R, Ingenwerth M, Rawitzer J, Schmid KW, Theegarten D, Gradhand E, Smith K, Wild P, Birngruber CG, Schilling O, Werner M, Acker T, Gattenlöhner S, Franz J, Metz I, Stadelmann C, Stork L, Thomas C, Zechel S, Ströbel P, Fathke C, Harder A, Wickenhauser C, Glatzel M, Matschke J, Krasemann S, Dietz E, Edler C, Fitzek A, Fröb D, Heinemann A, Heinrich F, Klein A, Kniep I, Lohner L, Möbius D, Ondruschka B, Püschel K, Schädler J, Schröder AS, Sperhake JP, Aepfelbacher M, Fischer N, Lütgehetmann M, Pfefferle S, Jonigk D, Werlein C, Domke LM, Hartmann L, Klein I, Schirmacher P, Schwab C, Röcken C, Langer D, Roth W, Strobl S, Rudelius M, Delbridge C, Kasajima A, Kuhn PH, Slotta-Huspenina J, Weichert W, Weirich G, Stock K, Barth P, Schnepper A, Wardelmann E, Evert K, Evert M, Büttner A, Manhart J, Nigbur S, Bösmüller H, Fend F, Granai M, Klingel K, Warm V, Steinestel K, Umathum VG, Rosenwald A, Vogt N, Kurz F. [Update on collaborative autopsy-based research in German pathology, neuropathology, and forensic medicine]. Pathologie (Heidelb) 2022; 43:101-105. [PMID: 36114379 PMCID: PMC9483541 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-022-01117-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autopsies are a valuable tool for understanding disease, including COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS The German Registry of COVID-19 Autopsies (DeRegCOVID), established in April 2020, serves as the electronic backbone of the National Autopsy Network (NATON), launched in early 2022 following DEFEAT PANDEMIcs. RESULTS The NATON consortium's interconnected, collaborative autopsy research is enabled by an unprecedented collaboration of 138 individuals at more than 35 German university and non-university autopsy centers through which pathology, neuropathology, and forensic medicine autopsy data including data on biomaterials are collected in DeRegCOVID and tissue-based research and methods development are conducted. More than 145 publications have now emerged from participating autopsy centers, highlighting various basic science and clinical aspects of COVID-19, such as thromboembolic events, organ tropism, SARS-CoV‑2 detection methods, and infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 at autopsy. CONCLUSIONS Participating centers have demonstrated the high value of autopsy and autopsy-derived data and biomaterials to modern medicine. The planned long-term continuation and further development of the registry and network, as well as the open and participatory design, will allow the involvement of all interested partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia von Stillfried
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Benita Freeborn
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Svenja Windeck
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Peter Boor
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Deutschland ,Medizinische Klinik II (Nephrologie und Immunologie), Universitätsklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Deutschland ,Elektronenmikroskopische Einrichtung, Universitätsklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Deutschland
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Schwarz J, Schädler J, Albini S, Peter-Egli J, Probst S, Schüpbach-Regula G, Wiederkehr D. [Health, performance and use of medication in professional Swiss meat rabbit production]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2021; 164:623-634. [PMID: 34758955 DOI: 10.17236/sat00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Husbandry conditions for rabbits in Switzerland are at a high animal welfare level in international comparison. Wire mesh flooring is prohibited and group housing is mandatory up to the age of eight weeks. Despite these animal-friendly husbandry standards, animal losses seem to be a significant problem, although reliable data on professional Swiss meat rabbit production is lacking to date. A herd survey was carried out in 52 rabbit farms to address this situation. At the same time, each new litter and each fattening group was documented with a standardized form focusing on animal death and the use of medication by the farmer over a one year period. In the case of increased mortality or new health problems, dead rabbits were sent to the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (Zurich) for pathological examination including bacteriological and parasitological diagnostics. Data from 32 farms were evaluated. The average mortality of young animals (birth to weaning) was 14.9% (1.0-30.0%) and of fattening rabbits (weaning to slaughter) 17.3% (4.3-31.8%). Intestinal diseases, mainly dysentery, intestinal coccidiosis and mucoid enteropathies, were the primary cause of death (68.2%). Eimeria spp., Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens were identified as the most frequent pathogens. Respiratory diseases were found in 18.7% of the examined rabbits, with Pasteurella multocida identified as the most common pathogen. 60.0% of the farms used antibiotics during the study period and a third (34.7%) of all the fattening animals were medicated with at least one antibiotic. The present results confirm that despite high animal welfare standards infectious diseases and mortality rates represent a considerable problem in professional Swiss meat rabbit production. Risk factors of increased morbidity and mortality should be identified to improve rabbit health, to reduce the high mortality rate and the extensive use of antibiotics in professional Swiss meat rabbit production. Practicable management improvements with specific prevention strategies should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schwarz
- Hochschule für Agrar-, Forst- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Berner Fachhochschule
| | - J Schädler
- Nationales Referenzzentrum für Geflügel- und Kaninchenkrankheiten, Institut für Lebensmittelsicherheit und -hygiene, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Zürich
| | - S Albini
- Nationales Referenzzentrum für Geflügel- und Kaninchenkrankheiten, Institut für Lebensmittelsicherheit und -hygiene, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Zürich
| | - J Peter-Egli
- Schweizerische Vereinigung für Schweinemedizin (SVSM)
| | - S Probst
- Hochschule für Agrar-, Forst- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Berner Fachhochschule
| | - G Schüpbach-Regula
- Veterinary Public Health Institut (VPHI), Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Bern
| | - D Wiederkehr
- Hochschule für Agrar-, Forst- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Berner Fachhochschule
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Fitzek A, Schädler J, Dietz E, Ron A, Gerling M, Kammal AL, Lohner L, Falck C, Möbius D, Goebels H, Gerberding AL, Schröder AS, Sperhake JP, Klein A, Fröb D, Mushumba H, Wilmes S, Anders S, Kniep I, Heinrich F, Langenwalder F, Meißner K, Lange P, Zapf A, Püschel K, Heinemann A, Glatzel M, Matschke J, Aepfelbacher M, Lütgehetmann M, Steurer S, Thorns C, Edler C, Ondruschka B. Prospective postmortem evaluation of 735 consecutive SARS-CoV-2-associated death cases. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19342. [PMID: 34588486 PMCID: PMC8481286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98499-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic with significant mortality. Accurate information on the specific circumstances of death and whether patients died from or with SARS-CoV-2 is scarce. To distinguish COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 deaths, we performed a systematic review of 735 SARS-CoV-2-associated deaths in Hamburg, Germany, from March to December 2020, using conventional autopsy, ultrasound-guided minimally invasive autopsy, postmortem computed tomography and medical records. Statistical analyses including multiple logistic regression were used to compare both cohorts. 84.1% (n = 618) were classified as COVID-19 deaths, 6.4% (n = 47) as non-COVID-19 deaths, 9.5% (n = 70) remained unclear. Median age of COVID-19 deaths was 83.0 years, 54.4% were male. In the autopsy group (n = 283), the majority died of pneumonia and/or diffuse alveolar damage (73.6%; n = 187). Thromboses were found in 39.2% (n = 62/158 cases), pulmonary embolism in 22.1% (n = 56/253 cases). In 2020, annual mortality in Hamburg was about 5.5% higher than in the previous 20 years, of which 3.4% (n = 618) represented COVID-19 deaths. Our study highlights the need for mortality surveillance and postmortem examinations. The vast majority of individuals who died directly from SARS-CoV-2 infection were of advanced age and had multiple comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Fitzek
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schädler
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eric Dietz
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ron
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Gerling
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna L. Kammal
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Lohner
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carla Falck
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dustin Möbius
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Goebels
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lina Gerberding
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann Sophie Schröder
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sperhake
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anke Klein
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Fröb
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Mushumba
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Wilmes
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Anders
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Inga Kniep
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Heinrich
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felicia Langenwalder
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kira Meißner
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philine Lange
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Zapf
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Püschel
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel Heinemann
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Matschke
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Aepfelbacher
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology, and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology, and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Thorns
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Institute of Pathology, Marienkrankenhaus, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Edler
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Ciuria S, Brouwer MSM, de Gier MM, van Zeeland Y, Bossers A, Prähauser B, Schädler J, Hatt JM, Heijne M, Borel N. Chlamydia caviae in Swiss and Dutch Guinea Pigs-Occurrence and Genetic Diversity. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10101230. [PMID: 34684177 PMCID: PMC8539544 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia (C.) caviae is a known pathogen in guinea pigs, causing conjunctivitis, respiratory infections and abortions. Recently, a C. caviae-induced zoonotic link was identified as the etiology of severe community-acquired pneumonia in humans. Here, 784 conjunctival and rectal swabs originating from 260 guinea pigs and 110 rabbits from 64 husbandries in Switzerland, as well as 200 composite conjunctival swabs originating from 878 guinea pigs from 37 husbandries in The Netherlands were examined by real-time PCR followed by conventional PCR and sequencing. Chlamydiaceae were detected in 2.3% (18/784) and 12.5% (25/200) of all Swiss and Dutch samples, respectively. An overall C. caviae occurrence was detected in 2.7% (7/260) and 8.9% (78/878) of all Swiss and Dutch guinea pigs, respectively. OmpA genotyping of 64 C. caviae-positive samples resulted in 33 sequences sharing 100% nucleotide identity with the strains isolated from the zoonotic transmission cases in The Netherlands. However, all ompA sequences of this study were distinct from the C. caviae GPIC reference strain. C. caviae was not detected in rabbits but C. psittaci genotype A was identified in guinea pigs and rabbits, raising concerns about the importance of these animal species as novel zoonotic sources for C. psittaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ciuria
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.P.)
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael S. M. Brouwer
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; (M.S.M.B.); (A.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Marende M. de Gier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.d.G.); (Y.v.Z.)
| | - Yvonne van Zeeland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.d.G.); (Y.v.Z.)
| | - Alex Bossers
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; (M.S.M.B.); (A.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Barbara Prähauser
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.P.)
- Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Schädler
- National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Jean-Michel Hatt
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Marloes Heijne
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; (M.S.M.B.); (A.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Nicole Borel
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-6358563
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Dietz E, Schädler J, Püschel K, Ondruschka B. Auftragsmord und Anstiftung zum Mord als Varianten des Intimizids. Rechtsmedizin (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00194-021-00531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDargestellt wird der Fall eines Intimizids, bei dem sich ein Ehemann durch Anstiftung zum Mord seiner Ehefrau entledigen wollte. Auftragsmorde bzw. Anstiftungen zum Mord innerhalb von Paarbeziehungen stellen ein Ausnahmegeschehen dar. Hier sollen die Facetten einer umfangreichen kriminalistischen Fallbearbeitung dargestellt werden, die neben rechtsmedizinischen Erkenntnissen auch wesentliche psychiatrische, psychologische und kriminalistische Aspekte der Tatbegehung bzw. -anstiftung beleuchtet.
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17
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Möbius D, Fitzek A, Hammer N, Heinemann A, Ron A, Schädler J, Zwirner J, Ondruschka B. Ultrasound in legal medicine-a missed opportunity or simply too late? A narrative review of ultrasonic applications in forensic contexts. Int J Legal Med 2021; 135:2363-2383. [PMID: 34292383 PMCID: PMC8295453 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-021-02661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Conventional autopsies remain the gold standard of postmortem healthcare quality assurance and help gathering extended knowledge on diseases. In answer to constantly declining autopsy rates non- or minimally invasive autopsy methods were introduced. Ultrasound is a well-established tool for imaging commonly used in clinical practice. This narrative review aims to summarize the current literature regarding the feasibility and validity of ultrasound in a forensic context. Material and methods A PubMed database search was carried out. Abstracts were scanned for pre-defined ex- and inclusion criteria, followed by a snowball search procedure applied to the primarily included articles. Results Forty-five publications met our inclusion criteria. The selected articles concern the feasibility of ultrasound in pre- or postmortem settings, forensic age estimation, and minimally invasive approaches. For imaging, ultrasound was deemed a reliable tool for the examination of epiphyses und superficial wounds, with limitations regarding internal organs and image quality due to postmortem changes. Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive approaches yielded higher success rates for adequate tissue sampling. Many investigations were carried out in low- and middle-income countries focusing on infectious diseases. Conclusion Ultrasound seems a promising but underutilized imaging tool in legal medicine to date. Promising approaches on its feasibility have been conducted. Especially for minimally invasive methods, ultrasound offered significant improvements on qualified biopsy sampling and thus appropriate diagnostics. Moreover, ultrasonic evaluation of epiphyses for age estimation offered valuable results. Nevertheless, further assessment of ultrasonic feasibility in forensic contexts is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Möbius
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Antonia Fitzek
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niels Hammer
- Institute of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Fraunhofer IWU, Dresden, Germany
| | - Axel Heinemann
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ron
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schädler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johann Zwirner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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18
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Jung CA, Torgerson PP, Bolt R, Grimm F, Schädler J, Albini S, Liesegang A. Alternatives to robenidine to control gastrointestinal disorders of weaner rabbits in the field. Vet Anim Sci 2021; 13:100179. [PMID: 34141949 PMCID: PMC8188055 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High mortality rates and oocyst excretion are found in weaner rabbits. Gastrointestinal disorders have multifactorial origin. Coccidiostats are commonly used in most rabbitries. Improve understanding of the use of alternatives to robenidine in the form of natural supplements.
Gastrointestinal disorders due to Eimeria sp. and E. coli overgrowth cause high mortality in weaner rabbits and the interest in alternatives to coccidiostats is high. This study aimed to investigate the superiority of natural feed additives towards robenidine preserving gastrointestinal health in the field. Rabbits were divided into four groups, Control Group (CG) exclusively supplemented with robenidine, Sainfoin Group (SG) was supplemented with a combination of robenidine and sainfoin, and two additional groups were respectively supplemented with Herb-All COCC-X (garlic; conessi tree) (HG: Herbal Group) and by a combination of Herb-All COCC-X and Klinofeed (clinoptilolite) (MG: Mineral Group). Eimeria sp. (98,40%) and E. coli overgrowth (73.60%) could be confirmed as the main causes for losses. High mortality rates (SG: 30.00% - MG: 47.50%), also in the groups receiving robenidine (SG: 30.00%; CG: 45.00%), reinforced the importance of alternatives in the field. The natural additives of groups SG, HG and MG did not have a significant influence on the weight gains and the oocyst counts in the jejunum/ileum and caecum of slaughter rabbits at the end of the trial, compared to group CG. Significantly higher oocyst shedding in SG (p = 1.4E-03) and HG (p = 1.4E-05) during the trial may be explained by a higher surviving rate of diseased rabbits in those groups, fostered by beneficial effects of the additives, which should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa A Jung
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 270, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul P Torgerson
- Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 270, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Bolt
- Department for livestock husbandry, Strickhof, Eschikon 21, 8315 Lindau, Strickhof, Switzerland
| | - Felix Grimm
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, Switzerland
| | - Julia Schädler
- National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 270, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Albini
- National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 270, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Liesegang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 270, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Edler C, Schröder AS, Aepfelbacher M, Fitzek A, Heinemann A, Heinrich F, Klein A, Langenwalder F, Lütgehetmann M, Meißner K, Püschel K, Schädler J, Steurer S, Mushumba H, Sperhake JP. Correction to: Dying with SARS-CoV-2 infection-an autopsy study of the first consecutive 80 cases in Hamburg, Germany. Int J Legal Med 2020; 134:1977. [PMID: 32562038 PMCID: PMC7303576 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Edler
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann Sophie Schröder
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Aepfelbacher
- Institute of Microbiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Fitzek
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel Heinemann
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Heinrich
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anke Klein
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felicia Langenwalder
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- Institute of Microbiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kira Meißner
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Püschel
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schädler
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Mushumba
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sperhake
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany.
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Edler C, Schröder AS, Aepfelbacher M, Fitzek A, Heinemann A, Heinrich F, Klein A, Langenwalder F, Lütgehetmann M, Meißner K, Püschel K, Schädler J, Steurer S, Mushumba H, Sperhake JP. Dying with SARS-CoV-2 infection-an autopsy study of the first consecutive 80 cases in Hamburg, Germany. Int J Legal Med 2020; 134:1275-1284. [PMID: 32500199 PMCID: PMC7271136 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Autopsies of deceased with a confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can provide important insights into the novel disease and its course. Furthermore, autopsies are essential for the correct statistical recording of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths. In the northern German Federal State of Hamburg, all deaths of Hamburg citizens with ante- or postmortem PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection have been autopsied since the outbreak of the pandemic in Germany. Our evaluation provides a systematic overview of the first 80 consecutive full autopsies. A proposal for the categorisation of deaths with SARS-CoV-2 infection is presented (category 1: definite COVID-19 death; category 2: probable COVID-19 death; category 3: possible COVID-19 death with an equal alternative cause of death; category 4: SARS-CoV-2 detection with cause of death not associated to COVID-19). In six cases, SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed postmortem by a positive PCR test in a nasopharyngeal or lung tissue swab. In the other 74 cases, SARS-CoV-2 infection had already been known antemortem. The deceased were aged between 52 and 96 years (average 79.2 years, median 82.4 years). In the study cohort, 34 deceased were female (38%) and 46 male (62%). Overall, 38% of the deceased were overweight or obese. All deceased, except for two women, in whom no significant pre-existing conditions were found autoptically, had relevant comorbidities (in descending order of frequency): (1) diseases of the cardiovascular system, (2) lung diseases, (3) central nervous system diseases, (4) kidney diseases, and (5) diabetes mellitus. A total of 76 cases (95%) were classified as COVID-19 deaths, corresponding to categories 1-3. Four deaths (5%) were defined as non-COVID-19 deaths with virus-independent causes of death. In eight cases, pneumonia was combined with a fulminant pulmonary artery embolism. Peripheral pulmonary artery embolisms were found in nine other cases. Overall, deep vein thrombosis has been found in 40% of the cases. This study provides the largest overview of autopsies of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients presented so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Edler
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann Sophie Schröder
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Aepfelbacher
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Fitzek
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel Heinemann
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Heinrich
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anke Klein
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felicia Langenwalder
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- Institute of Microbiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kira Meißner
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Püschel
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schädler
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Mushumba
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sperhake
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany.
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Schädler J, Gehl A, Püschel K. Penetrierende Schädelverletzungen mit elektrischen Bohrmaschinen – ungewöhnliche Verletzungsmuster. Rechtsmedizin (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00194-020-00375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungZwei außergewöhnliche Fälle von fremdbeigebrachten penetrierenden Kopfverletzungen durch elektrische Bohrmaschinen werden präsentiert. Derartige Abläufe stellen als Tötungsdelikt bzw. versuchtes Tötungsdelikt eine extreme Rarität dar. Wenige Beschreibungen betreffen Suizide, Suizidversuche oder unfallbedingte Verletzungen durch Bohrmaschinen. Im Fall eines 47 Jahre alten Mannes wurde dem Opfer von seiner in Scheidung lebenden Exfrau mit einer ausgeschalteten Bohrmaschine im Schlaf durch das Ohr in den Schädel gestochen. Der Mann überlebte den Angriff. In dem anderen Fall kam es zu einer Auseinandersetzung zwischen zwei jungen Männern, wobei der Beschuldigte seinem Opfer zunächst Messerstiche und anschließend Bohrerverletzungen zufügte. Insgesamt konnten autoptisch drei durch das Auge in das Schädelinnere eindringende Bohrkanäle festgestellt werden. Das Opfer verstarb unmittelbar am Geschehensort.
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Schädler J, Sigrist B, Meier SM, Albini S, Wolfrum N. Virus-like particles in a new vaccination approach against infectious laryngotracheitis. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:1013-1026. [PMID: 31099737 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 (syn. infectious laryngotracheitis virus; ILTV) is the causative agent of infectious laryngotracheitis, a respiratory disease of chickens causing substantial economic losses in the poultry industry every year. Currently, the most efficient way to achieve protection against infection is immunization with live-attenuated vaccines. However, this vaccination strategy entails the risk of generating new pathogenic viruses resulting from spontaneous mutations or from recombination with field strains. This work presents a new approach based on virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying ILTV glycoproteins B (gB) or G (gG) on their surface. The main focus of this pilot study was to determine the tolerability of VLPs delivered in ovo and intramuscularly (i.m.) into chickens and to investigate the nature of the immune response elicited. The study revealed that the new vaccines were well tolerated in hybrid layer chicks independent of the administration method (in ovo or i.m.). Upon in ovo injection, vaccination with VLP-gG led to an antibody response, while a cellular immune response in VLP-gB-immunized chickens was hardly detectable. Since the administration of VLPs had no visible side effects in vivo and was shown to elicit an antibody-based immune response, we anticipate that VLPs will become a valuable platform for the development of new safe vaccines for poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schädler
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Sigrist
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone M Meier
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Albini
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Wolfrum
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Schädler J, Ständer C, Zygmunt M, Köhler G. Uterine Adenosarkome (AS) – Klinik, operative Primärtherapie und Einfluss des sarcomatous overgrowth (SO) auf die Rezidivrate und das Gesamtüberleben. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Schädler
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutsches klinisches Kompetenzzentrum genitale Sarkome und Mischtumoren (DKSM), Frauenklinik, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - C Ständer
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutsches klinisches Kompetenzzentrum genitale Sarkome und Mischtumoren (DKSM), Frauenklinik, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - M Zygmunt
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutsches klinisches Kompetenzzentrum genitale Sarkome und Mischtumoren (DKSM), Frauenklinik, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - G Köhler
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutsches klinisches Kompetenzzentrum genitale Sarkome und Mischtumoren (DKSM), Frauenklinik, Greifswald, Deutschland
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Schädler J, Ständer C, Zygmunt M, Köhler G. Uterine Adenosarkome (AS) – adäquate Operation, Lymphonodektomie (LNE) und postoperative Therapien – Einfluss auf die Überlebensdaten. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Schädler
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutsches klinisches Kompetenzzentrum genitale Sarkome und Mischtumoren (DKSM), Frauenklinik, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - C Ständer
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutsches klinisches Kompetenzzentrum genitale Sarkome und Mischtumoren (DKSM), Frauenklinik, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - M Zygmunt
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutsches klinisches Kompetenzzentrum genitale Sarkome und Mischtumoren (DKSM), Frauenklinik, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - G Köhler
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutsches klinisches Kompetenzzentrum genitale Sarkome und Mischtumoren (DKSM), Frauenklinik, Greifswald, Deutschland
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