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Marku M, Rasmussen BK, Dalton SO, Johansen C, Hamerlik P, Andersen KK, Meier SM, Bidstrup PE. Early indicators of primary brain tumours: a population-based study with 10 years' follow-up. Eur J Neurol 2020; 28:278-285. [PMID: 32916012 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To improve diagnoses of primary brain tumours, knowledge about early indicators is needed. Nationwide Danish health registries were used to conduct a population-based case-control study including all persons diagnosed with a primary brain tumour between 2005 and 2014 in Denmark. METHODS All 5135 adults diagnosed with a primary brain tumour in the Danish Cancer Registry were matched to 19 572 general population comparisons from the Danish Civil Registration System. Conditional logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate age- and multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the occurrence of a primary brain tumour up to 10 years after hospital diagnoses or prescription of medications related to nervous system diseases and mental and behavioural disorders. RESULTS Increased odds for primary brain tumour after nervous system diseases and mental and behavioural disorders manifested up to 10 years before tumour diagnosis were found. Increased odds were seen especially for hospital contacts for inflammatory nervous system diseases [OR 11.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.5-19.7], epilepsy (OR 9.0; 95% CI 7.6-10.7) and antiepileptic medications (OR 3.6; 95% CI 3.2-4.0), whilst antidementia medications provided a strong, protective association for primary brain tumours (OR 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-0.8). CONCLUSIONS Sub-groups of patients diagnosed with or being prescribed certain medications targeting nervous system diseases and mental and behavioural disorders may be at increased risk of being diagnosed with a primary brain tumour. Further studies should disentangle the potential underlying common pathogenetic pathways. The results are important for the development of systematic clinical approaches to ensure early diagnosis of primary brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Marku
- Psychological Aspects of Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hilleroed, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B K Rasmussen
- Department of Neurology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - S O Dalton
- Survivorship and Inequality in Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Naestved, Denmark
| | - C Johansen
- Psychological Aspects of Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Survivorship and Inequality in Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Finsen Centre, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P Hamerlik
- Brain Tumor Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K K Andersen
- Statistics and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S M Meier
- Psychological Aspects of Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - P E Bidstrup
- Psychological Aspects of Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Schädler J, Sigrist B, Meier SM, Albini S, Wolfrum N. Virus-like particles in a new vaccination approach against infectious laryngotracheitis. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:1013-1026. [PMID: 31099737 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 (syn. infectious laryngotracheitis virus; ILTV) is the causative agent of infectious laryngotracheitis, a respiratory disease of chickens causing substantial economic losses in the poultry industry every year. Currently, the most efficient way to achieve protection against infection is immunization with live-attenuated vaccines. However, this vaccination strategy entails the risk of generating new pathogenic viruses resulting from spontaneous mutations or from recombination with field strains. This work presents a new approach based on virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying ILTV glycoproteins B (gB) or G (gG) on their surface. The main focus of this pilot study was to determine the tolerability of VLPs delivered in ovo and intramuscularly (i.m.) into chickens and to investigate the nature of the immune response elicited. The study revealed that the new vaccines were well tolerated in hybrid layer chicks independent of the administration method (in ovo or i.m.). Upon in ovo injection, vaccination with VLP-gG led to an antibody response, while a cellular immune response in VLP-gB-immunized chickens was hardly detectable. Since the administration of VLPs had no visible side effects in vivo and was shown to elicit an antibody-based immune response, we anticipate that VLPs will become a valuable platform for the development of new safe vaccines for poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schädler
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Sigrist
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone M Meier
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Albini
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Wolfrum
- 1 National Reference Centre for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK), Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Meier SM, Plessen KJ, Verhulst F, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Pedersen CB, Agerbo E. Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and internalizing disorders in offspring. Psychol Med 2017; 47:1417-1426. [PMID: 28100290 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716003627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal smoking has consistently been associated with multiple adverse childhood outcomes including externalizing disorders. In contrast the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) and internalizing (anxiety and depressive) disorders in offspring has received less investigation. METHOD We conducted a nationwide cohort study including 957635 individuals born in Denmark between 1991 and 2007. Data on MSDP and diagnoses of depression or anxiety disorders were derived from national registers and patients were followed up from the age of 5 years to the end of 2012. Hazard rate ratios (HRRs) were estimated using stratified Cox regression models. Sibling data were used to disentangle individual- and familial-level effects of MSDP and to control for unmeasured familial confounding. RESULTS At the population level, offspring exposed to MSDP were at increased risk for both severe depression [HRR 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-1.36] and severe anxiety disorders (HRR 1.26, 95% CI 1.20-1.32) even when controlling for maternal and paternal traits. However, there was no association between MSDP and internalizing disorders when controlling for the mother's propensity for MSDP (depression: HRR 1.11, 95% CI 0.94-1.30; anxiety disorders: HRR 0.94, 95% CI 0.80-1.11) or comparing differentially exposed siblings (depression: HRR 1.18, 95% CI 0.75-1.89; anxiety disorders: HRR 0.87, 95% CI 0.55-1.36). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that familial background factors account for the association between MSDP and severe internalizing disorders not the specific exposure to MSDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Meier
- National Centre for Register-Based Research NCRR, Aarhus University, Aarhus V,Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research iPSYCH, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre - Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen Region,Denmark
| | - K J Plessen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research iPSYCH, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre - Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen Region,Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Verhulst
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - O Mors
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov,Denmark
| | - P B Mortensen
- National Centre for Register-Based Research NCRR, Aarhus University, Aarhus V,Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research iPSYCH, Denmark
- CIRRAU - Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus V, Denmark
| | - C B Pedersen
- National Centre for Register-Based Research NCRR, Aarhus University, Aarhus V,Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research iPSYCH, Denmark
- CIRRAU - Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus V, Denmark
| | - E Agerbo
- National Centre for Register-Based Research NCRR, Aarhus University, Aarhus V,Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research iPSYCH, Denmark
- CIRRAU - Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus V, Denmark
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Meier SM, Agerbo E, Maier R, Pedersen CB, Lang M, Grove J, Hollegaard MV, Demontis D, Trabjerg BB, Hjorthøj C, Ripke S, Degenhardt F, Nöthen MM, Rujescu D, Maier W, Werge T, Mors O, Hougaard DM, Børglum AD, Wray NR, Rietschel M, Nordentoft M, Mortensen PB, Mattheisen M. High loading of polygenic risk in cases with chronic schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:969-74. [PMID: 26324100 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genomic risk profile scores (GRPSs) have been shown to predict case-control status of schizophrenia (SCZ), albeit with varying sensitivity and specificity. The extent to which this variability in prediction accuracy is related to differences in sampling strategies is unknown. Danish population-based registers and Neonatal Biobanks were used to identify two independent incident data sets (denoted target and replication) comprising together 1861 cases with SCZ and 1706 controls. A third data set was a German prevalent sample with diagnoses assigned to 1773 SCZ cases and 2161 controls based on clinical interviews. GRPSs were calculated based on the genome-wide association results from the largest SCZ meta-analysis yet conducted. As measures of genetic risk prediction, Nagelkerke pseudo-R(2) and variance explained on the liability scale were calculated. GRPS for SCZ showed positive correlations with the number of psychiatric admissions across all P-value thresholds in both the incident and prevalent samples. In permutation-based test, Nagelkerke pseudo-R(2) values derived from samples enriched for frequently admitted cases were found to be significantly higher than for the full data sets (Ptarget=0.017, Preplication=0.04). Oversampling of frequently admitted cases further resulted in a higher proportion of variance explained on the liability scale (improvementtarget= 50%; improvementreplication= 162%). GRPSs are significantly correlated with chronicity of SCZ. Oversampling of cases with a high number of admissions significantly increased the amount of variance in liability explained by GRPS. This suggests that at least part of the effect of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms is on the deteriorative course of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Meier
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - E Agerbo
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - R Maier
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - C B Pedersen
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M Lang
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - J Grove
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M V Hollegaard
- Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D Demontis
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - B B Trabjerg
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark
| | - C Hjorthøj
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Ripke
- Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - F Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - D Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - W Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - T Werge
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - O Mors
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - D M Hougaard
- Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A D Børglum
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - N R Wray
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Nordentoft
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - P B Mortensen
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M Mattheisen
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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