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Sunarso S, Suryadi A, Indrani DJ, Pangesty AI. Compressive Strength of Newly Developed Nonsintered Hydroxyapatite Blocks for Bone Graft Applications. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:815-819. [PMID: 37995731 PMCID: PMC11290923 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1774327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to fabricate and evaluate the phase purity and compressive strength of the nonsintered hydroxyapatite (HA) block obtained via phase transformation of set calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD) block under hydrothermal conditions at different temperatures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nonsintered HA block was prepared by immersion CSD block (4 mm in diameter and 8 mm in height) in a 1 mol/L sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) solution under hydrothermal conditions at 100°C, 140°C, and 180°C for 48 hours. X-ray diffraction was used to determine the crystalline phase of the obtained blocks. The mechanical strength of the blocks was measured using a compressive strength test. RESULTS The result shows that the CSD block could be fully transformed into a HA block at 180°C for 48 hours without changing its macroscopic shape. The compressive strength of the obtained blocks was lower compared with the CSD block. CONCLUSION The current method has successfully produced a nonsintered HA block at 180°C for 48 hours. The compressive strength of the HA block decreased compared with the gypsum block used as a precursor. However, the compressive strength of the HA block that was produced still falls within the range of cancellous bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunarso Sunarso
- Departement of Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Abdi Suryadi
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Decky Joesiana Indrani
- Departement of Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Azizah Intan Pangesty
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, UI Campus, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
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Yotsova R, Peev S. Biological Properties and Medical Applications of Carbonate Apatite: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:291. [PMID: 38399345 PMCID: PMC10892468 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects represent an everyday challenge for clinicians who work in the fields of orthopedic surgery, maxillofacial and oral surgery, otorhinolaryngology, and dental implantology. Various bone substitutes have been developed and utilized, according to the needs of bone reconstructive surgery. Carbonate apatite has gained popularity in recent years, due to its excellent tissue behavior and osteoconductive potential. This systematic review aims to evaluate the role of carbonate apatite in bone reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering, analyze its advantages and limitations, and suggest further directions for research and development. The Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus electronic databases were searched for relevant review articles, published from January 2014 to 21 July 2023. The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eighteen studies were included in the present review. The biological properties and medical applications of carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) are discussed and evaluated. The majority of articles demonstrated that CO3Ap has excellent biocompatibility, resorbability, and osteoconductivity. Furthermore, it resembles bone tissue and causes minimal immunological reactions. Therefore, it may be successfully utilized in various medical applications, such as bone substitution, scaffolding, implant coating, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralitsa Yotsova
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Varna, bul. Tsar Osvoboditel 84, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Peev
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Implantology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Varna, bul. Tsar Osvoboditel 84, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria;
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Sasaki K, Ninomiya Y, Takechi M, Tsuru K, Ishikawa K, Shigeishi H, Ohta K, Aikawa T. Physical Properties and Antimicrobial Release Ability of Gentamicin-Loaded Apatite Cement/α-TCP Composites: An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16030995. [PMID: 36770002 PMCID: PMC9918266 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Apatite cement (AC), which has excellent osteoconductive ability, and alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), which can be used for bone replacement, are useful bone substitute materials. The objective of this study was to clarify the physical properties and antimicrobial release ability of antibiotic-loaded AC/α-TCP composites in vitro. Gentamicin-loaded, rapid setting AC/α-TCP composites were prepared in 2 mixing ratios (10:3 and 10:6). The cement paste of AC/α-TCP composites was prepared in a plastic mold and dried in a thermostatic chamber at 37 °C and 100% relative humidity for 24 h. A diametral tensile strength test, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, and gentamicin release test were performed. The diametral tensile strengths of the AC/α-TCP composites were significantly less than that of AC alone. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns exhibited the characteristic peaks of hydroxyapatite in the AC/α-TCP composites and gentamicin-loaded AC/α-TCP composites. The concentration of the released gentamicin was maintained above the minimum inhibitory concentration of Staphylococcus aureus until Day 30 in both the gentamicin-loaded AC/α-TCP composites (10:3 and 10:6). Our results suggest that a gentamicin-loaded AC/α-TCP composite has potential as a drug delivery system. Further study is essential to investigate the antimicrobial activity and safety of the gentamicin-loaded AC/α-TCP composites in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ninomiya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masaaki Takechi
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure 737-0023, Japan
| | - Kanji Tsuru
- Section of Bioengineering, Department of Dental Engineering, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideo Shigeishi
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kouji Ohta
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomonao Aikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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4
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Soraya Shahnaz Tadjoedin E, Sunarso. Fabrication and mechanical properties of newly developed triphasic blocks composed of gypsum-brushite-monetite for bone graft applications. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:757-762. [PMID: 36570579 PMCID: PMC9767863 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A triphasic bone graft block composed of gypsum, brushite, and monetite is expected to be better for regenerating bone than a gypsum-hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate block. Therefore, the aim of this study was to fabricate and evaluate the mechanical properties of a newly developed triphasic block composed of gypsum, brushite, and monetite. Materials and method Triphasic blocks were prepared by mixing calcium sulfate hemihydrate, brushite, and monetite powders with distilled water at a powder-to-liquid ratio of 0.5. The content of calcium sulfate hemihydrate was fixed at 50%, and the contents of brushite and monetite powders were varied. After molding and setting, the obtained blocks were characterized, and their mechanical properties were evaluated. Results The triphasic blocks were prepared and could maintain their shape without collapsing. The XRD characterization of the obtained triphasic blocks showed that only three phases existed in the block. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate was transformed into its dihydrate form and provided mechanical strength to the block through a setting mechanism. The transformation of calcium sulfate hemihydrate into its dihydrate crystals formed an interlocked structure that was disrupted in triphasic blocks, as observed in SEM images. The disruption of the interlocked structure resulted in lower mechanical strength of the obtained triphasic blocks compared to the set gypsum control. The variation in brushite and monetite composition did not affect the mechanical properties of the triphasic blocks. Conclusion The triphasic gypsum-brushite-monetite block was successfully prepared, and no other crystal phases were found. The triphasic blocks could maintain their shape after setting. The addition of brushite and monetite powders disrupted the interlocked structure of the set gypsum crystal, resulting in a decrease in mechanical strength. Furthermore, the variation in brushite and monetite powders did not affect the mechanical properties of the triphasic blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ette Soraya Shahnaz Tadjoedin
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sunarso
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta, Indonesia,Corresponding author at: Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba No. 4, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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5
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Freitas P, Kishida R, Hayashi K, Tsuchiya A, Shimabukuro M, Ishikawa K. Fabrication and histological evaluation of porous carbonate apatite blocks using disodium hydrogen phosphate crystals as a porogen and phosphatization accelerator. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1278-1290. [PMID: 35194936 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The porous architecture of artificial bones plays a pivotal role in bone ingrowth. Although salt leaching methods produce predictable porous architectures, their application in the low-temperature fabrication of ceramics remains a challenge. Carbonate apatite (CO3 Ap) blocks with three ranges of pore sizes: 100-200, 200-400, and 400-600 μm, were fabricated from CaCO3 blocks with embedded Na2 HPO4 crystals as a porogen and accelerator for CaCO3 -to-CO3 Ap conversion. CaCO3 blocks were obtained from Ca(OH)2 compacts with Na2 HPO4 by CO2 flow at 100% humidity. When carbonated under 100% water humidity, the dissolution of Na2 HPO4 and the formation of hydroxyapatite were observed. Using 90% methanol and 10% water were beneficial in avoiding the Na2 HPO4 consumption and generating the metastable CaCO3 vaterite, which was rapidly converted into CO3 Ap in a Na2 HPO4 solution in 7 days. For the histological evaluation, the CO3 Ap blocks were implanted in rabbit femur defects. Four weeks after implantation, new bone was formed at the edges of the blocks. After 12 weeks, new bone was observed in the central areas of the material. Notably, CO3 Ap blocks with pore sizes of 100-200 μm were the most effective, exhibiting approximately 23% new bone area. This study sheds new light on the fabrication of tailored porous blocks and provides a useful guide for designing artificial bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pery Freitas
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Kishida
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuchiya
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Shimabukuro
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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6
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Elsheikh M, Kishida R, Hayashi K, Tsuchiya A, Shimabukuro M, Ishikawa K. Effects of Pore Interconnectivity on Bone Regeneration in Carbonate Apatite Blocks. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac010. [PMID: 35449826 PMCID: PMC9017375 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous architecture in bone substitutes, notably the interconnectivity of pores, is a critical factor for bone ingrowth. However, controlling the pore interconnectivity while maintaining the microarchitecture has not yet been achieved using conventional methods, such as sintering. Herein, we fabricated a porous block using the crystal growth of calcium sulfate dihydrate, and controlled the pore interconnectivity by limiting the region of crystal growth. The calcium sulfate dihydrate blocks were transformed to bone apatite, carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) through dissolution–precipitation reactions. Thus, CO3Ap blocks with 15% and 30% interconnected pore volumes were obtained while maintaining the microarchitecture: they were designated as CO3Ap-15 and CO3Ap-30, respectively. At 4 weeks after implantation in a rabbit femur defect, new bone formed throughout CO3Ap-30, whereas little bone was formed in the center region of CO3Ap-15. At 12 weeks after implantation, a large portion of CO3Ap-30 was replaced with new bone and the boundary with the host bone became blurred. In contrast, CO3Ap-15 remained in the defect and the boundary with the host bone was still clear. Thus, the interconnected pores promote bone ingrowth, followed by replacement of the material with new bone. These findings provide a useful guide for designing bone substitutes for rapid bone regeneration. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Maab Elsheikh
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryo Kishida
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuchiya
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Shimabukuro
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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7
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Suehiro F, Komabashiri N, Masuzaki T, Ishii M, Yanagisawa T, Nishimura M. Efficacy of bone grafting materials in preserving the alveolar ridge in a canine model. Dent Mater J 2021; 41:302-308. [PMID: 34980766 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Preservation of the alveolar ridge after tooth extraction is an essential component for ideal implant positioning. Furthermore, preservation of bone around the implant after implant placement is an essential component for implant treatment. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of bone grafting materials in preserving the alveolar ridge after implant placement. Implants were placed in regenerated bone without grafting material or with beta-tricalcium phosphate, bovine bone substitute, or carbonate apatite transplantation. In all groups, the bone healed and the implants were successfully placed within the bone. No significant differences in insertion torque and implant stability quotient values were found. The amount of bone around the implant 5 weeks after implant placement was significantly reduced in the bovine bone substitute group; however, implants placed in regenerated bone achieved sufficient initial fixation and osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Suehiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Naohiro Komabashiri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Tomohiro Masuzaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Masakazu Ishii
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Takahiro Yanagisawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Masahiro Nishimura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
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8
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Moradi A, Pakizeh M, Ghassemi T. A review on bovine hydroxyapatite; extraction and characterization. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2021; 8. [PMID: 34879359 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
High rate of bone grafting surgeries emphasizes the need for optimal bone substitutes. Biomaterials mimicking the interconnected porous structure of the original bone with osteoconductive and osteoinductive capabilities have long been considered. Hydroxyapatite (HA), as the main inorganic part of natural bone, has exhibited excellent regenerative properties in bone tissue engineering. This manuscript reviews the HA extraction methods from bovine bone, as one of the principal biosources. Essential points in the extraction process have also been highlighted. Characterization of the produced HA through gold standard methods such as XRD, FTIR, electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), mechanical/thermodynamic tests, and bioactivity analysis has been explained in detail. Finally, future perspectives for development of HA constructs are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Moradi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUM), Mashhad, Iran.,Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUM), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Pakizeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Toktam Ghassemi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, Iran
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Green synthesis and evaluation of calcium-based nanocomposites fertilizers: A way forward to sustainable agricultural. JOURNAL OF THE SAUDI SOCIETY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssas.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Deguchi K, Nomura S, Tsuchiya A, Takahashi I, Ishikawa K. Effects of the carbonate content in carbonate apatite on bone replacement. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 16:200-206. [PMID: 34844287 DOI: 10.1002/term.3270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbonate apatite (CO3 Ap), an inorganic component of human bone, has been clinically applied as an artificial bone substitute. In this study, the effects of the CO3 content in CO3 Ap on the replacement by new bone were studied by fabricating CO3 Ap granules containing 0.9-8.3 wt% of CO3 . The dissolution rate of CO3 Ap in a weak acidic solution, mimicking the Howship's lacunae, was rapid for the CO3 Ap granules containing a larger amount of CO3 . Histological analyses demonstrated the rapid resorption in CO3 Ap and replacement by natural bone tissue when the CO3 content was increased. Therefore, the CO3 content in CO3 Ap is a key factor that influences the replacement of the bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaai Deguchi
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nomura
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuchiya
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takahashi
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ishikawa K, Hayashi K. Carbonate apatite artificial bone. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2021; 22:683-694. [PMID: 34434075 PMCID: PMC8381965 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2021.1947120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bone apatite is not hydroxyapatite (HAp), it is carbonate apatite (CO3Ap), which contains 6-9 mass% carbonate in an apatitic structure. The CO3Ap block cannot be fabricated by sintering because of its thermal decomposition at the sintering temperature. Chemically pure (100%) CO3Ap artificial bone was recently fabricated through a dissolution-precipitation reaction in an aqueous solution using a precursor, such as a calcium carbonate block. In this paper, methods of fabricating CO3Ap artificial bone are reviewed along with their clinical and animal results. CO3Ap artificial bone is resorbed by osteoclasts and upregulates the differentiation of osteoblasts. As a result, CO3Ap demonstrates much higher osteoconductivity than HAp and is replaced by new bone via bone remodeling. Granular-type CO3Ap artificial bone was approved for clinical use in Japan in 2017. Honeycomb-type CO3Ap artificial bone is fabricated using an extruder and a CaCO3 honeycomb block as a precursor. Honeycomb CO3Ap artificial bone allows vertical bone augmentation. A CO3Ap-coated titanium plate has also been fabricated using a CaCO3-coated titanium plate as a precursor. The adhesive strength is as high as 76.8 MPa, with excellent tissue response and high osteoconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Japan
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12
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Tjahajawati S, Zulhazmi A, Cahyanto A, Mariam MS, Djustiana N, Aripin D, Usri K, Widyaputra SS. Matrix levels of metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and toxicity evaluation of carbonate apatite-based endodontic sealer in rat subcutaneous implantation. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04330. [PMID: 32671254 PMCID: PMC7347648 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study is to investigate the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) levels and the toxicity evaluation to determine the safety of carbonate apatite material that will be used as an endodontic sealer. METHODS Carbonate apatite as endodontic sealer material is fabricated with a size of 2 × 2 × 1 mm, sterilized, and then implanted in the subcutaneous area on the murine back. Total of 28 rats was divided into 2 groups: the implantation group and the control group (positive and negative). We observed behavior, macroscopic and microscopic images (through hematoxylin-eosin/HE staining) and MMP-2 levels in the serum (through ELISA examination) to determine the reaction of implant material in experimental animals. RESULTS Behavioral test shows impaired motor function within 2-24 h in all rats, autonomic behavioral test does not show any disturbance, macroscopic images show appearance of tumor and rubor within 2-72 h in all rats, microscopic images shows an increase in the mean neutrophils number with the highest point located in the 24 h (3.92×103/μL) and lymphocytes with the highest point in the 14 days (15.31×103/μL). The average value of MMP-2 levels of the negative control group was 1.33 ng/ml, 1.29 ng/ml of the positive control group, and 7.32 ng/ml of the implantation group. Level of MMP-2 in rats with visible implants increased on day 3 (0.75 ng/ml), day 10 (1.49 ng/ml) and day 14 (17.67 ng/ml). CONCLUSION The implantation of carbonate apatite material did not cause behavioral disorders or abnormalities in the tissues surrounding of the implant site and did not show signs of toxicity or death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Tjahajawati
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Arif Zulhazmi
- Graduate Student of Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Sekeloa Selatan 1, Bandung 40134, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Arief Cahyanto
- Department of Dental Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
- Oral Biomaterials Study Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Sekeloa Selatan 1, Bandung 40134, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Marry Siti Mariam
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nina Djustiana
- Department of Dental Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
- Oral Biomaterials Study Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Sekeloa Selatan 1, Bandung 40134, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Dudi Aripin
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Sekeloa Selatan 1, Bandung 40134, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Kosterman Usri
- Department of Dental Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Sebastian Sunardhi Widyaputra
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
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Busch A, Wegner A, Haversath M, Jäger M. Bone Substitutes in Orthopaedic Surgery: Current Status and Future Perspectives. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ORTHOPADIE UND UNFALLCHIRURGIE 2020; 159:304-313. [PMID: 32023626 DOI: 10.1055/a-1073-8473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone replacement materials have been successfully supplied for a long time. But there are cases, especially in critical sized bone defects, in which the therapy is not sufficient. Nowadays, there are multiple bone substitutes available. Autologous bone grafts remain the "gold standard" in bone regeneration. Yet, donor-site morbidity and the available amount of sufficient material are limitations for autologous bone grafting. This study aimed to provide information about the current status in research regarding bone substitutes. We report on the advantages and drawbacks of several bone substitutes. At the end, we discuss the current developments of combining ceramic substitutes with osteoinductive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Busch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Marienhospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, Chair of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Wegner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Marienhospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, Chair of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Haversath
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Marienhospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, Chair of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jäger
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Marienhospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, Chair of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
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14
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Akita K, Fukuda N, Kamada K, Kudoh K, Kurio N, Tsuru K, Ishikawa K, Miyamoto Y. Fabrication of porous carbonate apatite granules using microfiber and its histological evaluations in rabbit calvarial bone defects. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 108:709-721. [PMID: 31756282 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbonate apatite (CO3 Ap) granules are known to show good osteoconductivity and replaced to new bone. On the other hand, it is well known that a porous structure allows bone tissue to penetrate its pores, and the optimal pore size for bone ingrowth is dependent on the composition and structure of the scaffold material. Therefore, the aim of this study was to fabricate various porous CO3 Ap granules through a two-step dissolution-precipitation reaction using CaSO4 as a precursor and 30-, 50-, 120-, and 205-μm diameter microfibers as porogen and to find the optimal pore size of CO3 Ap. Porous CO3 Ap granules were successfully fabricated with pore size 8.2-18.7% smaller than the size of the original fiber porogen. Two weeks after the reconstruction of rabbit calvarial bone defects using porous CO3 Ap granules, the largest amount of mature bone was seen to be formed inside the pores of CO3 Ap (120) [porous CO3 Ap granules made using 120-μm microfiber] followed by CO3 Ap (50) and CO3 Ap (30). At 4 and 8 weeks, no statistically significant difference was observed based on the pore size, even though largest amount of mature bone was formed in case of CO3 Ap (120). It is concluded, therefore, that the optimal pore size of the CO3 Ap is that of CO3 Ap (120), which is 85 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Akita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Fukuda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kamada
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keiko Kudoh
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naito Kurio
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kanji Tsuru
- Section of Bioengineering, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Youji Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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15
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Fabrication and Histological Evaluation of Porous Carbonate Apatite Block from Gypsum Block Containing Spherical Phenol Resin as a Porogen. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12233997. [PMID: 31810192 PMCID: PMC6926850 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The utility of carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) as a bone substitute has been demonstrated. The feasibility of fabricating macroporous CO3Ap was evaluated through a two-step dissolution–precipitation reaction using gypsum as the precursor and spherical phenol resin as the porogen. Porogen-containing gypsum was heated to burn out the porogen and to fabricate macroporous structures. Gypsum transformed into CaCO3 upon immersion in a sodium carbonate solution, while maintaining its macroporous structure. Next, CaCO3 transformed into CO3Ap upon immersion in a Na2HPO4 solution while maintaining its macroporous structure. The utility of the macroporous CO3Ap for histologically reconstructing bone defects was evaluated in rabbit femurs. After 4 weeks, a much larger bone was formed inside the macroporous CO3Ap than that inside non-macroporous CO3Ap and macroporous hydroxyapatite (HAp). A larger amount of bone was observed inside non-macroporous CO3Ap than inside macroporous HAp. The bone defects were completely reconstructed within 12 weeks using macroporous CO3Ap. In conclusion, macroporous CO3Ap has good potential as an ideal bone substitute.
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16
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Sato N, Handa K, Venkataiah VS, Hasegawa T, Njuguna MM, Yahata Y, Saito M. Comparison of the vertical bone defect healing abilities of carbonate apatite, β-tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and bovine-derived heterogeneous bone. Dent Mater J 2019; 39:309-318. [PMID: 31776317 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of vertical bone defects caused by severe periodontal disease requires the regeneration of periodontal tissue. Although various bone substitutes have been clinically applied to vertical bone defect correction, the evaluation of these materials in periodontal tissue remains incomplete. The purpose of this study was to examine the bone regeneration abilities of various bone substitutes including Cytrans, Cerasorb, Neobone and Bio-Oss in a 3-wall bone defect animal model. All of these bone substitutes showed a similar healing ability to periodontal ligament and cementum. However, Cytrans showed the fastest bone healing ability compared with the other materials at 4 weeks post-transplantation. In addition, the recruitment of osteoclasts and endothelial cells was observed in Cytrans grafts at 4 weeks, but only detected at 8 weeks in the other materials. These results suggest that Cytrans promotes faster bone healing by inducing bone remodeling and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuya Sato
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Keisuke Handa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Venkata Suresh Venkataiah
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Tatsuya Hasegawa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Mary M Njuguna
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Yoshio Yahata
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Masahiro Saito
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
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17
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Hayashi K, Kishida R, Tsuchiya A, Ishikawa K. Carbonate Apatite Micro‐Honeycombed Blocks Generate Bone Marrow‐Like Tissues as well as Bone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1900140. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of BiomaterialsFaculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University 3‐1‐1 Maidashi, Higashi‐ku Fukuoka 812–8582 Japan
| | - Ryo Kishida
- Department of BiomaterialsFaculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University 3‐1‐1 Maidashi, Higashi‐ku Fukuoka 812–8582 Japan
| | - Akira Tsuchiya
- Department of BiomaterialsFaculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University 3‐1‐1 Maidashi, Higashi‐ku Fukuoka 812–8582 Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of BiomaterialsFaculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University 3‐1‐1 Maidashi, Higashi‐ku Fukuoka 812–8582 Japan
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18
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Rahyussalim AJ, Supriadi S, Marsetio AF, Pribadi PM, Suharno B. The potential of carbonate apatite as an alternative bone substitute material. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2019. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v28i1.2681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone reconstructive surgery has become a common procedure, and bone transplantation has become the second most frequently performed tissue transplantation procedure worldwide. Therefore, the need for bone substitute materials has increased. Artificial bone substitutes exhibit osteoconductive properties and feature several advantages, including abundant resources, low cost, and low donor site morbidity. Carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) is a calcium phosphate ceramic that can be used as a synthetic bone graft. The carbonate content of this ceramic is similar to that of bone apatite. In this review, we show that carbonate apatite can be degraded given its chemical reactivity in a weakly acidic environment and through osteoclast resorption. Moreover, it is osteoconductive and promotes bone tissue formation without fibrotic tissue formation. Additionally, microstructural analysis revealed that new bone tissue is formed within the bone graft itself.
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19
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Barba A, Diez-Escudero A, Espanol M, Bonany M, Sadowska JM, Guillem-Marti J, Öhman-Mägi C, Persson C, Manzanares MC, Franch J, Ginebra MP. Impact of Biomimicry in the Design of Osteoinductive Bone Substitutes: Nanoscale Matters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8818-8830. [PMID: 30740968 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone apatite consists of carbonated calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) nanocrystals. Biomimetic routes allow fabricating synthetic bone grafts that mimic biological apatite. In this work, we explored the role of two distinctive features of biomimetic apatites, namely, nanocrystal morphology (plate vs needle-like crystals) and carbonate content, on the bone regeneration potential of CDHA scaffolds in an in vivo canine model. Both ectopic bone formation and scaffold degradation were drastically affected by the nanocrystal morphology after intramuscular implantation. Fine-CDHA foams with needle-like nanocrystals, comparable in size to bone mineral, showed a markedly higher osteoinductive potential and a superior degradation than chemically identical coarse-CDHA foams with larger plate-shaped crystals. These findings correlated well with the superior bone-healing capacity showed by the fine-CDHA scaffolds when implanted intraosseously. Moreover, carbonate doping of CDHA, which resulted in small plate-shaped nanocrystals, accelerated both the intrinsic osteoinduction and the bone healing capacity, and significantly increased the cell-mediated resorption. These results suggest that tuning the chemical composition and the nanostructural features may allow the material to enter the physiological bone remodeling cycle, promoting a tight synchronization between scaffold degradation and bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Barba
- Bone Healing Group, Small Animal Surgery Department, Veterinary School , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona , Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Öhman-Mägi
- Materials in Medicine Group, Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences , Uppsala University , 751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Cecilia Persson
- Materials in Medicine Group, Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences , Uppsala University , 751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Maria-Cristina Manzanares
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics , Universitat de Barcelona , L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jordi Franch
- Bone Healing Group, Small Animal Surgery Department, Veterinary School , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
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20
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Tsuru K, Nagai H, Fujisawa K, Kudoh T, Ohe G, Ishikawa K, Miyamoto Y. Fabrication and evaluation of carbonate apatite-coated calcium carbonate bone substitutes for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:2077-2087. [PMID: 30058260 DOI: 10.1002/term.2742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbonate apatite-coated calcium carbonate (CO3 Ap/CaCO3 ) was fabricated through a dissolution-precipitation reaction using CaCO3 granules as a precursor to accelerate bone replacement based on superior osteoconductivity of the CO3 Ap shell, along with Ca2+ release from the CaCO3 core and quicker resorption of the CaCO3 core. In the present study, CaCO3 , 10% CO3 Ap/CaCO3 , 30% CO3 Ap/CaCO3 , and CO3 Ap granules were fabricated and examined histologically to evaluate their potential as bone substitutes. Larger contents of CaCO3 in the granules resulted in higher Ca2+ release and promoted cell proliferation of murine preosteoblasts at 6 days compared with CO3 Ap. Interestingly, in a rabbit femur defect model, 10% CO3 Ap/CaCO3 induced significantly higher new bone formation and higher material resorption compared with CO3 Ap at 8 weeks. Nevertheless, CO3 Ap showed a superior osteoconductive potential compared with 10% CO3 Ap/CaCO3 at 8 weeks. All tested granules were most likely resorbed by cell mediation including multinucleated giant cell functions. Therefore, we conclude that CO3 Ap/CaCO3 has a positive potential for bone tissue engineering based on well-controlled calcium release, bone formation, and material resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kanji Tsuru
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Dental Engineering, Section of Bioengineering, Division of Biomedical Science, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Nagai
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenji Fujisawa
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takaharu Kudoh
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Go Ohe
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Youji Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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Rakhmatia YD, Ayukawa Y, Furuhashi A, Koyano K. Carbonate Apatite Containing Statin Enhances Bone Formation in Healing Incisal Extraction Sockets in Rats. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1201. [PMID: 30002343 PMCID: PMC6073205 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using apatite blocks fabricated by a dissolution⁻precipitation reaction of preset gypsum, with or without statin, to enhance bone formation during socket healing after tooth extraction. Preset gypsum blocks were immersed in a Na₃PO₄ aqueous solution to make hydroxyapatite (HA) low crystalline and HA containing statin (HAFS), or in a mixed solution of Na₂HPO₄ and NaHCO₃ to make carbonate apatite (CO) and CO containing statin (COFS). The right mandibular incisors of four-week-old male Wistar rats were extracted and the sockets were filled with one of the bone substitutes or left untreated as a control (C). The animals were sacrificed at two and four weeks. Areas in the healing socket were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analyses. The bone volume, trabecular thickness, and trabecular separation were greatest in the COFS group, followed by the CO, HAFS, HA, and C groups. The bone mineral density of the COFS group was greater than that of the other groups when evaluated in the vertical plane. The results of this study suggest that COFS not only allowed, but also promoted, bone healing in the socket. This finding could be applicable for alveolar bone preservation after tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunia Dwi Rakhmatia
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Furuhashi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Kanazawa M, Tsuru K, Fukuda N, Sakemi Y, Nakashima Y, Ishikawa K. Evaluation of carbonate apatite blocks fabricated from dicalcium phosphate dihydrate blocks for reconstruction of rabbit femoral and tibial defects. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:85. [PMID: 28456893 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate in vivo behavior of a carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) block fabricated by compositional transformation via a dissolution-precipitation reaction using a calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate [DCPD: CaHPO4·2H2O] block as a precursor. These blocks were used to reconstruct defects in the femur and tibia of rabbits, using sintered dense hydroxyapatite (HAp) blocks as the control. Both the CO3Ap and HAp blocks showed excellent tissue response and good osteoconductivity. HAp block maintained its structure even after 24 weeks of implantation, so no bone replacement of the implant was observed throughout the post-implantation period in either femoral or tibial bone defects. In contrast, CO3Ap was resorbed with increasing time after implantation and replaced with new bone. The CO3Ap block was resorbed approximately twice as fast at the metaphysis of the proximal tibia than at the epiphysis of the distal femur. The CO3Ap block was resorbed at an approximately linear change over time, with complete resorption was estimated by extrapolation of data at approximately 1-1.5 years. Hence, the CO3Ap block fabricated in this study has potential value as an ideal artificial bone substitute because of its resorption and subsequent replacement by bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kanji Tsuru
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Naoyuki Fukuda
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakemi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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23
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Tsuru K, Yoshimoto A, Kanazawa M, Sugiura Y, Nakashima Y, Ishikawa K. Fabrication of Carbonate Apatite Block through a Dissolution-Precipitation Reaction Using Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate Block as a Precursor. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E374. [PMID: 28772729 PMCID: PMC5506993 DOI: 10.3390/ma10040374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbonate apatite (CO₃Ap) block, which is a bone replacement used to repair defects, was fabricated through a dissolution-precipitation reaction using a calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) block as a precursor. When the DCPD block was immersed in NaHCO₃ or Na₂CO₃ solution at 80 °C, DCPD converted to CO₃Ap within 3 days. β-Tricalcium phosphate was formed as an intermediate phase, and it was completely converted to CO₃Ap within 2 weeks when the DCPD block was immersed in Na₂CO₃ solution. Although the crystal structures of the DCPD and CO₃Ap blocks were different, the macroscopic structure was maintained during the compositional transformation through the dissolution-precipitation reaction. CO₃Ap block fabricated in NaHCO₃ or Na₂CO₃ solution contained 12.9 and 15.8 wt % carbonate, respectively. The diametral tensile strength of the CO₃Ap block was 2 MPa, and the porosity was approximately 57% regardless of the carbonate solution. DCPD is a useful precursor for the fabrication of CO₃Ap block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanji Tsuru
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Ayami Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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