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Wang Z, Bai J, Zou J, Yuan Y, Li S, Wang M, Lv H. Association between thyroid autoimmunity and bone mineral density in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03733-3. [PMID: 38393508 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between thyroid autoimmunity and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to further explore the influence of thyroid autoimmunity on diabetic osteoporosis. METHODS A total of 601 T2DM patients were included and divided into two groups according to thyroid autoantibodies, namely thyroid autoimmunity positive group (TPOAb+ or TGAb + ) and thyroid autoimmunity negative group (TPOAb- and TGAb-). Clinical data were collected and BMD was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). SPSS26.0 software was used to data analysis. Model regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of BMD, and ROC curve was used to analyze the optimal cut-off point of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) for screening osteoporosis. RESULTS TPOAb and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) were negatively correlated with BMD and T-score (LS, FN and WB) (P < 0.01), and TGAb was negatively correlated with 25(OH)D (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that TPOAb was an independent influence factor on LS, FN and WB BMD. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal threshold of TPOAb for predicting osteoporosis was 12.35. CONCLUSIONS In T2DM patients, TPOAb and TGAb levels are negatively correlated with LS, FN and WB BMD, and TPOAb is an independent influencing factor for diabetic osteoporosis, and TPOAb has a certain predictive value for the occurrence and development of diabetic osteoporosis clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jia Bai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jingyi Zou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Yue Yuan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Shuyun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Mengke Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Haihong Lv
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China.
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China.
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Song JL, Hu JW, Li LR, Xu ZL, Li JJ, Sun SR, Chen C. Association of thyroid autoimmunity with extra-thyroid diseases and the risk of mortality among adults: evidence from the NHANES. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1323994. [PMID: 38405150 PMCID: PMC10884096 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1323994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid autoimmunity is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases. However, its association with extra-thyroid diseases and mortality risk in the general population remains uncertain. Our study aims to evaluate the association of thyroid autoimmunity with extra-thyroid disease and the risk of mortality. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with participants from 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, tracking their mortality until 2019. Associations between thyroid autoimmunity, which was defined as having positive thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and/or thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and extra-thyroid disease including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, arthritis, cancer and chronic renal disease and the risk of mortality were investigated. Results A total of 7431 participants were included in this study. Positive The prevalence of positive TgAb was 7.54%, and positive TPOAb prevalence was 11.48%. TgAb was significantly associated with diabetes (Model 1: OR=1.64, 95% CI:1.08-2.50; Model 2: OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.21-3.08) and hypertension (Model 1: OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.49-0.91; Model 2: OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.44-0.88). TPOAb was associated with a lower prevalence of chronic lung disease (model 1: OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.54-0.95; model 2: OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.53-0.95). No associations were observed between TgAb, TPOAb and other extra-thyroid diseases. Neither TgAb nor TPOAb were associated with all-cause mortality or heart disease mortality. Conclusion TgAb was linked to a higher prevalence of diabetes and a lower prevalence of hypertension, while TPOAb was associated with a decreased prevalence of chronic lung disease. However, neither TgAb nor TPOAb posed a risk for all-cause mortality or heart disease mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sheng-Rong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chuang Chen
- *Correspondence: Chuang Chen, ; Sheng-Rong Sun,
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Iwakura H, Takagi T, Inaba H, Doi A, Ueda Y, Uraki S, Takeshima K, Furukawa Y, Ishibashi T, Morita S, Matsuno S, Nishi M, Furuta H, Matsuoka TA, Akamizu T. Thyroid function, glycemic control, and diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes over 24 months: prospective observational study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:146. [PMID: 37430240 PMCID: PMC10332001 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in type 1 diabetes patients has been well established, whereas it is a matter of debate whether that is also observed in type 2 diabetes patients. This study was conducted to reveal whether higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is observed in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We examined thyroid functions and thyroid autoantibodies in 200 patients with type 2 diabetes and 225 controls, with 24 months follow up for those with type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Serum free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels and fT3/free thyroxine (fT4) ratio were significantly lower, while fT4 levels were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes. The number of patients with thyroid dysfunction or patients positive for thyroid autoantibodies were not different between the two groups. The fT3/fT4 ratio was positively and negatively correlated with serum c-peptide and HbA1c levels, respectively, suggesting that the difference can be attributable to insulin resistance and diabetic control. In the follow-up observation, we found no significant correlation between basal thyrotropin (TSH), fT3, fT4 or fT3/fT4 ratio with the amounts of changes of HbA1c levels at 12 or 24 months after the basal measurements. There was a negative relationship between TSH levels and eGFR at baseline measurements, but TSH levels did not seem to predict future decline of eGFR levels. No relationship was observed between urine albumin/ g‧cre levels and thyroid function. CONCLUSION Thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoantibodies were not different in prevalence between patients with type 2 diabetes and controls, although in patients with type 2 diabetes, the fT3/fT4 ratio was decreased. Basal thyroid function did not predict future diabetes control or renal function within 24 months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Iwakura
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Takagi
- Wakayama City Medical Association Seijinbyo Center, 2-1-2 Tebira, Wakayama, Wakayama, 640-8319, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Inaba
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Asako Doi
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yoko Ueda
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uraki
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Ken Takeshima
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yasushi Furukawa
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishibashi
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shuhei Morita
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shohei Matsuno
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishi
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroto Furuta
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Matsuoka
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Takashi Akamizu
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
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Salman Jasim H, Khalid Shafeeq N, Abass EAA. Vitamin D Level and its Relation with the Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Neuropathy in Women with Hypothyroidism. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2022; 77:1139-1145. [PMID: 36618309 PMCID: PMC9759228 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2022.357389.2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy has an important role in the kidneys' function to remove extra fluid and waste products from the body. One way to avoid this disease is the treatment of other diseases, such as diabetes, thyroid gland diseases, and high blood pressure, in addition to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. This study aimed to find the relationship of thyroid hormone, blood biochemical parameters, and anthropometric measurement with the newly diagnosed diabetic neuropathy in women with hypothyroidism. In total, 90 women (with an age range of 35-55 years) were selected, 45 of whom were diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy and had hypothyroidism, and the other 45 were healthy women recruited as the control group. The following parameters were determined: serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (DHVD3) activities, anthropometric measurement, fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), urea, creatinine, and lipid profile. The results showed a significant increase in the body mass index, blood pressure, TSH, FSB, HbA1C, urea, creatinine, and triglycerides of women with newly diagnosed diabetic neuropathy and hypothyroidism, compared to that in the control group (P≤0.05). A significant decrease was also observed in the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, DHVD3, total triiodothyronine, and total thyroxine of women with newly diagnosed diabetic neuropathy and hypothyroidism, compared to that in the control group (P≤0.05). There was a correlation between vitamin D3 deficiency (VDD) and thyroid dysfunction in women with the newly diagnosed diabetic neuropathy, which indicated VDD is related to thyroid dysfunction and influences newly diagnosed diabetic neuropathy in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Salman Jasim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, Ibn-Al-Haitham University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - N Khalid Shafeeq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, Ibn-Al-Haitham University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - E. A. A Abass
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, Ibn-Al-Haitham University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Rola autoimmunizacji w rozwoju powikłań cukrzycowych – przegląd badań. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2021-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstrakt
Przewlekłe powikłania cukrzycy są główną przyczyną obniżenia jakości życia, niepełnosprawności, a nawet przedwczesnej śmierci pacjentów cierpiących na tę chorobę. Mimo istotnego postępu w dziedzinie farmakoterapii, ich leczenie pozostaje nadal wyzwaniem w codziennej praktyce klinicznej. Brak terapii przyczynowej wynika z niewystarczającego zrozumienia molekularnych mechanizmów uszkadzających poszczególne narządy w cukrzycy. Uważa się, że etiopatogeneza tych powikłań jest złożona i zależy od czynników genetycznych i środowiskowych. W ich rozwoju, oprócz zaburzeń metabolicznych związanych z hiperglikemią, nasilenia stresu oksydacyjnego, dysfunkcji śródbłonka, indukcji stanu zapalnego, coraz częściej wskazuje się też na znaczącą rolę zaburzeń immunologicznych.
Wyniki badań doświadczalnych przeprowadzonych na zwierzętach, jak również na hodowlach tkankowych, oraz obserwacje kliniczne potwierdzają udział układu odpornościowego obejmujący aktywność autoreaktywnych limfocytów oraz cytotoksyczne działanie autoprzeciwciał w rozwoju poszczególnych powikłań w obu typach cukrzycy. Wydaje się zatem, że zachwianie równowagi immunologicznej wyzwalające autoagresję jest ważnym czynnikiem przyczyniającym się do dysfunkcji poszczególnych organów w typach cukrzycy 1 i 2.
Dokładne zrozumienie immunopatogenezy tych zaburzeń może zmienić dotychczasowe podejście w leczeniu powikłań cukrzycy oraz umożliwić opracowanie skutecznej terapii przyczynowej ukierunkowanej na układ odpornościowy. Identyfikacja swoistych autoprzeciwciał mogłaby usprawnić ich wczesną diagnostykę i prewencję. W artykule podjęto próbę analizy czynników ryzyka najczęstszych schorzeń o podłożu autoimmunizacyjnym, ich związku z typem 1 i 2 cukrzycy oraz podsumowano potencjalne znaczenie autoagresji w rozwoju jej powikłań w oparciu o wyniki dotychczasowych badań doświadczalnych i klinicznych.
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Taheriniya S, Arab A, Hadi A, Fadel A, Askari G. Vitamin D and thyroid disorders: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:171. [PMID: 34425794 PMCID: PMC8381493 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of vitamin D to thyroid disorders has received paramount attention; however, results are mixed. Hence, we designed a systematic review and meta-analysis to obtain a definitive conclusion. METHODS The search included PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases up to March 2021 to collect available papers reporting the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D and thyroid disorders. The pooled effect was reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Out of 6123 datasets, 42 were eligible to get into this systematic review and meta-analysis. Serum vitamin D was markedly lower in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) (WMD - 3.1 ng/dl; 95% CI, - 5.57 to - 0.66; P = 0.013; I2 = 99.9%), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (WMD - 6.05 ng/dl; 95% CI, - 8.35 to - 3.75; P < 0.001; I2 = 91.0%) and hypothyroidism patients (WMD - 13.43 ng/dl; 95% CI, - 26.04 to - 0.81; P = 0.03; I2 = 99.5%), but not in subjects with Graves' disease (GD) (WMD - 4.14 ng/dl; 95% CI, - 8.46 to 0.17; P = 0.06; I2 = 97.5%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested lower vitamin D levels in patients with hypothyroidism, AITD, and HT compared to healthy subjects. However, the link between serum vitamin D and GD was only significant among subjects ≥40 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorour Taheriniya
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arman Arab
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Hadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abdulmannan Fadel
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Bener A, Ozdenkaya Y, Al-Hamaq AO, Barisik CC, Ozturk M. Low Vitamin D Deficiency Associated With Thyroid Disease Among Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients. J Clin Med Res 2018; 10:707-714. [PMID: 30116441 PMCID: PMC6089577 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3507w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and thyroid diseases among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS This was a cohort case and control study, 546 T2DM patients and 546 control study participants were enrolled, aged between 25 and 65 years. The subjects were also investigated for fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), post prandial glucose (PPG,) glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), T3, T4, and presence of other comorbid conditions. Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy was suggested to patients whose thyroid nodules were greater than 1.00 cm. RESULTS There were significant differences between T2DM patients and control subjects regarding BMI (kg/m2), physical activity, cigarette smoking, sheesha smoking, family history of diabetes, hypertension and family history of thyroid nodules. The clinical biochemistry values among T2DM for vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorous, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, HbA1c, HLDL, LDL, triglyceride, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were lower than control subjects, but higher in creatinine, albumin, TSH, T3, and T4 which appeared statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). Also, the study revealed statistically significant differences between subjects vitamin D deficiency and with thyroid nodules for calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein (HDL), SBP and DBP, TSH, T3, and T4 among T2DM patients and control subjects (P < 0.001). Multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that TSH, HbA1c, vitamin D deficiency, SBP (mm Hg), BMI, family history of DM, serum calcium level and family history of thyroid were considered at higher risk as predictors of thyroid among T2DM patients. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that obesity, HbA1c, the environment, and genetic susceptibility among T2DM, may increase the risk of thyroid disease and cancer. Although evidence has shown that thyroid cancer incidence has been rising more rapidly over time than the occurrence of cancers of other sites, due to an increase of obesity, diabetes and lack of physical activity, this study lacks of direct evidence supporting this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbari Bener
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, The university of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department. of Endocrinology, Medipol International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasar Ozdenkaya
- Qatar Diabetic Associations and Qatar National Research Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulla O.A.A. Al-Hamaq
- Department of Surgery, Medipol School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Cahit Barisik
- Department of Radiology and Pathology, Medipol School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozturk
- Department. of Endocrinology, Medipol International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sarfo-Kantanka O, Sarfo FS, Ansah EO, Yorke E, Akpalu J, Nkum BC, Eghan B. Frequency and determinants of thyroid autoimmunity in Ghanaian type 2 diabetes patients: a case-control study. BMC Endocr Disord 2017; 17:2. [PMID: 28143459 PMCID: PMC5286684 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-016-0152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between type 1 diabetes and thyroid autoimmunity is well described. The same cannot be said for type 2 diabetes where results have been mixed so far. We investigated the prevalence and determinants of thyroid autoimmunity among Ghanaian type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS This was a case-control study involving 302 type 2 diabetes patients and 310 non - diabetic controls aged 40-80 years. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were obtained. Fasting samples were analyzed for glucose, thyroid function, and antibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase. RESULTS The prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity was significantly higher among T2DM subjects (12.2% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.0004). Among T2DM subjects, 44 (14.7%) tested positive for TPOAb, 5 (1.7%) tested positive for TGAb and 15 (5.0%) tested positive for both autoantibodies. Females T2DM subjects showed a 3-fold increased risk of thyroid autoimmunity compared to males (OR:3.16, p =0.004), T2DM subjects with hyperthyroidism had a 41% increased risk of thyroid autoimmunity (OR: 1.41, p < 0.001), sub-clinical hyperthyroidism increased the risk of thyroid autoimmunity by 2 fold, (OR:2.19, p < 0.001), subclinical hypothyroidism increased the risk of autoimmunity by 4-fold, (OR:3.57 95% p < 0.0001), and hypothyroidism was associated with a 61% increased risk of thyroid autoimmunity (OR: 1.61,1.35-2.23). Dyslipidaemia was associated with a 44% increased risk of thyroid autoimmunity (OR: 1.44, p = 0.01) and a percentage increase in HbA1c was associated with 46% increased risk of thyroid autoimmunity (OR:1.46, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION We observed a high prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in Ghanaian T2DM subjects compared to the general population. Thyroid autoimmunity in T2DM subjects was significantly associated with female gender, thyroid dysfunction, dyslipidaemia and poor glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osei Sarfo-Kantanka
- Directorate of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, P.O. Box 1934, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Fred Stephen Sarfo
- Directorate of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, P.O. Box 1934, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eunice Oparebea Ansah
- Directorate of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, P.O. Box 1934, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ernest Yorke
- Department of Medicine, University of Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry, Accra, Ghana
| | - Josephine Akpalu
- Department of Medicine, University of Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry, Accra, Ghana
| | - Bernard C. Nkum
- Directorate of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, P.O. Box 1934, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Benjamin Eghan
- Directorate of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, P.O. Box 1934, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Malaguarnera R, Vella V, Nicolosi ML, Belfiore A. Insulin Resistance: Any Role in the Changing Epidemiology of Thyroid Cancer? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:314. [PMID: 29184536 PMCID: PMC5694441 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer (TC), namely of its papillary hystotype (PTC), has shown a steady increase worldwide, which has been attributed at least in part to the increasing diagnosis of early stage tumors. However, some evidence suggests that environmental and lifestyle factors can also play a role. Among the potential risk factors involved in the changing epidemiology of TC, particular attention has been drawn to insulin-resistance and related metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, which have been also rapidly increasing worldwide due to widespread dietary and lifestyle changes. In accordance with this possibility, various epidemiological studies have indeed gathered substantial evidence that insulin resistance-related metabolic disorders might be associated with an increased TC risk either through hyperinsulinemia or by affecting other TC risk factors including iodine deficiency, elevated thyroid stimulating hormone, estrogen-dependent signaling, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and others. This review summarizes the current literature evaluating the relationship between metabolic disorders characterized by insulin resistance and the risk for TC as well as the possible underlying mechanisms. The potential implications of such association in TC prevention and therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Malaguarnera
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Veronica Vella
- School of Human and Social Sciences, “Kore” University of Enna, Enna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Veronica Vella, ; Antonino Belfiore,
| | - Maria Luisa Nicolosi
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- *Correspondence: Veronica Vella, ; Antonino Belfiore,
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de Oliveira DL, Albuquerque RG, Hirotsu C. Vitamin D and obstructive sleep apnea: an unexplored relationship in PCOS patients. Endocrine 2016; 53:617-8. [PMID: 26910398 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0904-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Leite de Oliveira
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Rachel Gimenes Albuquerque
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Camila Hirotsu
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brazil.
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