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Yang R, Zhang S, Duan C, Guo Y, Shan X, Zhang X, Yue S, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Effect of prolactin on cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in ovine ovarian granulosa cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15629. [PMID: 37456891 PMCID: PMC10340108 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prolactin (PRL) has been reported to be associated with oxidative stress, which is an important contributor leading to cell apoptosis. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the effects of PRL on cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in ovine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs). Methods Ovine ovarian GCs were treated with 0, 4, 20, 100 and 500 ng/mL of PRL. Then, the cytotoxicity, cell viability, malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of GCs were detected. Additionally, 500 ng/mL PRL was chosen as the high PRL concentration (HPC) due to its high cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. Proteomic and metabonomic were performed to examine the overall difference in proteins and metabolic pathways between C (control: 0 ng/mL PRL) and P groups (500 ng/mL PRL). Results The results indicated that GCs treated with 4 ng/mL PRL significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the cytotoxicity, ROS and MDA, increased (P < 0.05) the cell viability, SOD and T-AOC, and the GCs treated with 500 ng/mL PRL showed the opposite trend (P < 0.05). Supplementation with 500 ng/mL PRL significantly increased the proteins of MT-ND1, MAPK12, UBA52 and BCL2L1, which were enriched in ROS and mitophagy pathways. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the pentose phosphate pathway was significantly enriched in the P group. Conclusion A low concentration of PRL inhibited cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. HPC induced oxidative stress in ovine ovarian GCs via the pentose phosphate pathway by modulating the associated proteins MT-ND1 in ROS pathway and UBA52, MAPK12 and BCL2L1 in mitophagy pathway, resulting in cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuo Zhang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yunxia Guo
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyu Shan
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Sicong Yue
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Yueqin Liu
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Circulating Cell-Free DNA Levels in Psychiatric Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043402. [PMID: 36834811 PMCID: PMC9963116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels are known to increase in biological fluids in various pathological conditions. However, the data on circulating cfDNA in severe psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), and depressive disorders (DDs), is contradictory. This meta-analysis aimed to analyze the concentrations of different cfDNA types in schizophrenia, BD, and DDs compared with healthy donors. The mitochondrial (cf-mtDNA), genomic (cf-gDNA), and total cfDNA concentrations were analyzed separately. The effect size was estimated using the standardized mean difference (SMD). Eight reports for schizophrenia, four for BD, and five for DDs were included in the meta-analysis. However, there were only enough data to analyze the total cfDNA and cf-gDNA in schizophrenia and cf-mtDNA in BD and DDs. It has been shown that the levels of total cfDNA and cf-gDNA in patients with schizophrenia are significantly higher than in healthy donors (SMD values of 0.61 and 0.6, respectively; p < 0.00001). Conversely, the levels of cf-mtDNA in BD and DDs do not differ compared with healthy individuals. Nevertheless, further research is needed in the case of BD and DDs due to the small sample sizes in the BD studies and the significant data heterogeneity in the DD studies. Additionally, further studies are needed on cf-mtDNA in schizophrenia or cf-gDNA and total cfDNA in BD and DDs due to insufficient data. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides the first evidence of increases in total cfDNA and cf-gDNA in schizophrenia but shows no changes in cf-mtDNA in BD and DDs. Increased circulating cfDNA in schizophrenia may be associated with chronic systemic inflammation, as cfDNA has been found to trigger inflammatory responses.
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Kostyuk SV, Ershova ES, Martynov AV, Artyushin AV, Porokhovnik LN, Malinovskaya EM, Jestkova EM, Zakharova NV, Kostyuk GP, Izhevskaia VL, Kutsev SI, Veiko NN. In Vitro Analysis of Biological Activity of Circulating Cell-Free DNA Isolated from Blood Plasma of Schizophrenic Patients and Healthy Controls-Part 2: Adaptive Response. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122283. [PMID: 36553550 PMCID: PMC9777734 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidized in vitro genomic DNA (gDNA) is known to launch an adaptive response in human cell cultures. The cfDNA extracted from the plasma of schizophrenic patients (sz-cfDNA) and healthy controls (hc-cfDNA) contains increased amounts of 8-oxodG, a DNA-oxidation marker. The aim of the research was answering a question: can the human cfDNA isolated from blood plasma stimulate the adaptive response in human cells? In vitro responses of ten human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and four peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lines after 1-24 h of incubation with sz-cfDNA, gDNA and hc-cfDNA containing different amounts of 8-oxodG were examined. Expressions of RNA of eight genes (NOX4, NFE2L2, SOD1, HIF1A, BRCA1, BRCA2, BAX and BCL2), six proteins (NOX4, NRF2, SOD1, HIF1A, γH2AX and BRCA1) and DNA-oxidation marker 8-oxodG were analyzed by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry (when analyzing the data, a subpopulation of lymphocytes (PBL) was identified). Adding hc-cfDNA or sz-cfDNA to HSFs or PBMC media in equal amounts (50 ng/mL, 1-3 h) stimulated transient synthesis of free radicals (ROS), which correlated with an increase in the expressions of NOX4 and SOD1 genes and with an increase in the levels of the markers of DNA damage γH2AX and 8-oxodG. ROS and DNA damage induced an antioxidant response (expression of NFE2L2 and HIF1A), DNA damage response (BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene expression) and anti-apoptotic response (changes in BAX and BCL2 genes expression). Heterogeneity of cells of the same HSFs or PBL population was found with respect to the type of response to (sz,hc)-cfDNA. Most cells responded to oxidative stress with an increase in the amount of NRF2 and BRCA1 proteins along with a moderate increase in the amount of NOX4 protein and a low amount of 8-oxodG oxidation marker. However, upon the exposure to (sz,hc)-cfDNA, the size of the subpopulation with apoptosis signs (high DNA damage degree, high NOX4 and low NRF2 and BRCA1 levels) also increased. No significant difference between the responses to sz-cfDNA and hc-cfDNA was observed. Sz-cfDNA and hc-cfDNA showed similarly high bioactivity towards fibroblasts and lymphocytes. Conclusion: In cultured human cells, hc-cfDNA and sz-cfDNA equally stimulated an adaptive response aimed at launching the antioxidant, repair, and anti-apoptotic processes. The mediator of the development of the adaptive response are ROS produced by, among others, NOX4 and SOD1 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Kostyuk
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta S. Ershova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Martynov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Artyushin
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lev N. Porokhovnik
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena M. Malinovskaya
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta M. Jestkova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Zakharova
- N. A. Alekseev Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No 1, Moscow Healthcare Department, 117152 Moscow, Russia
| | - George P. Kostyuk
- N. A. Alekseev Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No 1, Moscow Healthcare Department, 117152 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera L. Izhevskaia
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey I. Kutsev
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia N. Veiko
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
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Mishra S, Dubey DB, Agarwal K, Dubey DB, Verma S, Shabbir N, Kushwaha R, Reddy DH, Singh US, Ali W. Circulating Cell-Free DNA Level in Prediction of COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: Correlation of with Haematology and Serum Biochemical Parameters. Indian J Clin Biochem 2022; 38:172-181. [PMID: 36032561 PMCID: PMC9392861 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocyte dysregulation in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a major contributing factor linked to disease severity and mortality. Apoptosis results in the accumulation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in circulation. COVID-19 has a heterogeneous clinical course. The role of cfDNA levels was studied to assess the severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients and correlated with other laboratory parameters. The current case series included 100 patients with mild COVID-19 (MCOV-19) and 106 patients with severe COVID-19 (SCOV-19). Plasma cfDNA levels were quantified using SYBR green quantitative real-time PCR through amplification of the β-actin gene. CfDNA level was significantly higher in SCOV-19 at 706.7 ng/ml (522.6–1258) as compared to MCOV-19 at 219.8 ng/ml (167.7–299.6). The cfDNA levels were significantly higher in non-survivor than in survivors (p = 0.0001). CfDNA showed a significant correlation with NLR, ferritin, LDH, procalcitonin, and IL-6. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of cfDNA in the discrimination of SCOV-19 from MCOV-19 were 90.57% & 80%, respectively. CfDNA showed a sensitivity of 94.74% in the differentiation of non-survivors from survivors. CfDNA levels showed a significant positive correlation with other laboratory and inflammatory markers of COVID-19. CfDNA levels, NLR, and other parameters may be used to stratify and monitor COVID-19 patients and predict mortality. CfDNA may be used to predict COVID-19 severity with higher diagnostic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 22610 India
| | - Devanshi B. Dubey
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Krachi Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Deval B. Dubey
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Shweta Verma
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Nida Shabbir
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Rashmi Kushwaha
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - D Himanshu Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Uma Shankar Singh
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Wahid Ali
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
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Daraghmeh DN, King C, Wiese MD. A review of liquid biopsy as a tool to assess epigenetic, cfDNA and miRNA variability as methotrexate response predictors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105887. [PMID: 34536550 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting 0.5-1% of adults worldwide. Achieving long term remission or low disease activity is possible through early diagnosis, rapid initiation of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and implementation of a treat to target approach. Initial DMARD therapy usually involves methotrexate (MTX), either alone or in combination with other agents, however 40% of RA patients do not respond adequately, putting them at risk of disease progression and unnecessary exposure to MTX related adverse effects. Early predictors of MTX response would therefore enable a more personalized treatment strategy, ensuring timely access to MTX for those likely to respond and importantly, early initiation of alternative treatment for those in which MTX is unlikely to be efficacious. Predicting response to treatment will most likely require consideration of the clinical characteristics of the patient and interrogation of a number of factors including genetic, epigenetic, cell free DNA (cfDNA) and microRNA (miRNA), all of which can be investigated through blood derived liquid biopsies. This review will summarize the existing literature examining the use of epigenetic factors, cfDNA and miRNA as response predictors among RA patients treated with MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dala N Daraghmeh
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Catherine King
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael D Wiese
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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6
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Sjakste N, Riekstiņa U. DNA damage and repair in differentiation of stem cells and cells of connective cell lineages: A trigger or a complication? Eur J Histochem 2021; 65. [PMID: 33942598 PMCID: PMC8116775 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The review summarizes literature data on the role of DNA breaks and DNA repair in the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSC) and connective cell lineages. PSC, including embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), are rapidly dividing cells with highly active DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms to ensure the stability and integrity of the DNA. In PSCs, the most common DDR mechanism is error-free homologous recombination (HR) that is primarily active during the S phase of the cell cycle, whereas in quiescent, slow-dividing or non-dividing tissue progenitors and terminally differentiated cells, errorprone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) mechanism of the double-strand break (DSB) repair is dominating. Thus, it seems that reprogramming and differentiation induce DNA strand breaks in stem cells which itself may trigger the differentiation process. Somatic cell reprogramming to iPSCs is preceded by a transient increase of the DSBs induced presumably by the caspase-dependent DNase or reactive oxygen species. In general, pluripotent stem cells possess stronger DNA repair systems compared to differentiated cells. Nonetheless, during a prolonged cell culture propagation, DNA breaks can accumulate due to the DNA polymerase stalling. Consequently, the DNA damage might trigger the differentiation of stem cells or replicative senescence of somatic cells. The differentiation process per se is often accompanied by a decrease in the DNA repair capacity. Thus, the differentiation might be triggered by DNA breaks, alternatively, the breaks can be a consequence of the decay in the DNA repair capacity of differentiated cells.
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Hammad R, Eldosoky MAER, Fouad SH, Elgendy A, Tawfeik AM, Alboraie M, Abdelmaksoud MF. Circulating cell-free DNA, peripheral lymphocyte subsets alterations and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in assessment of COVID-19 severity. Innate Immun 2021; 27:240-250. [PMID: 33646058 PMCID: PMC8054149 DOI: 10.1177/1753425921995577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell destruction results in plasma accumulation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Dynamic changes in circulating lymphocytes are features of COVID-19. We aimed to investigate if cfDNA level can serve in stratification of COVID-19 patients, and if cfDNA level is associated with alterations in lymphocyte subsets and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). This cross-sectional comparative study enrolled 64 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients. Patients were subdivided to severe and non-severe groups. Plasma cfDNA concentration was determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Lymphocyte subsets were assessed by flow cytometry. There was significant increase in cfDNA among severe cases when compared with non-severe cases. cfDNA showed positive correlation with NLR and inverse correlation with T cell percentage. cfDNA positively correlated with ferritin and C-reactive protein. The output data of performed ROC curves to differentiate severe from non-severe cases revealed that cfDNA at cut-off ≥17.31 ng/µl and AUC of 0.96 yielded (93%) sensitivity and (73%) specificity. In summary, excessive release of cfDNA can serve as sensitive COVID-19 severity predictor. There is an association between cfDNA up-regulation and NLR up-regulation and T cell percentage down-regulation. cfDNA level can be used in stratification and personalized monitoring strategies in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Hammad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | | | - Shaimaa Hani Fouad
- Internal Medicine Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
| | - Abdelaleem Elgendy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Boys), Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | - Amany M Tawfeik
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Egypt
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8
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Liu B. Free DNA, a reason for severe COVID-19 infection? Med Hypotheses 2020; 142:109812. [PMID: 32416412 PMCID: PMC7199685 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fast-growing outbreak of 2019 novel coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2) reached all continents except the Antarctica in merely three months. Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) has a bad clinical outcome, and some reports emphasized the role of cytokine storm and dysfunctions of multiple organs. However, the etiology of severe COVID-19 has been largely unknown. Similar as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 is also thought derived from bat coronaviruses. However, it is not pathogenic for bat at all, because free DNA in cytoplasm or blood cannot bring up violent immune response in bat; but it can produce severe inflammations in human. I hypothesized that the damage induced by free DNA is a reason for severe COVID-19, which can explain many symptoms of this disease, such as cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and muscus plug, acute injuries of heart, liver and kidney, and some special symptoms of COVID-19. My hypothesis will be helpful for better understand the etiology of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Biobank, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, 56 Yulv Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen 518102, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Yue Y, Xia L, Xu S, Wang C, Wang X, Lu W, Xie X. SURF4 maintains stem-like properties via BIRC3 in ovarian cancer cells. J Gynecol Oncol 2020; 31:e46. [PMID: 32026660 PMCID: PMC7286753 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as the origin of tumor development, recurrence, and drug resistance, we aimed to explore the mechanism related to modulating stemness in CSCs, thus facilitating to search for new therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer. METHODS In this study, ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) induced from cell line 3AO and A2780 were enriched in serum-free medium (SFM). The effect of SURF4 on CSC-like properties was evaluated by sphere-forming assays, re-differentiation assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, Western blotting, cell viability assays and in vivo xenograft experiments. The downstream molecule participating in SURF4 maintaining stemness was screened by RNA-sequencing and identified by the experiments of gene function. RESULTS SURF4 was upregulated expressed in OCSCs. Knockdown of SURF4 reduced the expression of the related stem markers (SOX2 and c-MYC), inhibited self-renewal ability, and improved the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs (paclitaxel and cisplatin) in OCSCs. SURF4 knockdown also inhibited tumorigenesis in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice. BIRC3 expression was controlled by SURF4, and BIRC3 showed the similar effect as SURF4 did, and BIRC3 overexpression partially recovered stem-like properties abolished by SURF4 knockdown. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that SURF4 possesses the ability to maintain stemness of OCSCs via BIRC3, and may serve as a potential target in stem cell-targeted therapy for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Yue
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lili Xia
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Conghui Wang
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Ichikawa K, Shibahara H, Shirasuna K, Kuwayama T, Iwata H. Cell-free DNA content in follicular fluid: A marker for the developmental ability of porcine oocytes. Reprod Med Biol 2020; 19:95-103. [PMID: 31956291 PMCID: PMC6955585 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study examined the relationships among the amount of cell-free-DNA (cfDNA) in porcine follicular fluid (FF), the developmental ability of enclosed oocytes, and characteristics of granulosa cells and examined the effect of cfDNA content in maturation medium on the developmental ability of the oocytes. METHODS Oocytes and FF were collected from individual gilts, and the gilts were rated based on the ability of their oocytes to develop to the blastocyst stage and the amount of cfDNA in the FF. The copy numbers of mitochondrial DNA (Mt-DNA) and nuclear DNA (N-DNA) were measured by real-time PCR and the DNA sequence. FF or cfDNA was added to the maturation medium, and the developmental ability of the oocytes was examined. RESULTS The amount of cfDNA was associated with apoptosis of the granulosa cells, and high-cfDNA content in FF was associated with low developmental ability of oocytes. Supplementation of the maturation medium with FF containing high cf-Mt-DNA or with DNA extracted from the FF did not affect oocyte developmental competence. CONCLUSIONS Cell-free DNA content in FF is a marker for oocyte competence, but cfDNA in the oocyte maturation environment did not affect oocyte developmental ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Ichikawa
- Department of Animal ScienceTokyo University of AgricultureKanagawaJapan
| | - Hidenori Shibahara
- Department of Animal ScienceTokyo University of AgricultureKanagawaJapan
| | - Komei Shirasuna
- Department of Animal ScienceTokyo University of AgricultureKanagawaJapan
| | - Takehito Kuwayama
- Department of Animal ScienceTokyo University of AgricultureKanagawaJapan
| | - Hisataka Iwata
- Department of Animal ScienceTokyo University of AgricultureKanagawaJapan
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11
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Ershova ES, Konkova MS, Malinovskaya EM, Kutsev SI, Veiko NN, Kostyuk SV. Noncanonical Functions of the Human Ribosomal Repeat. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Troll CJ, Kapp J, Rao V, Harkins KM, Cole C, Naughton C, Morgan JM, Shapiro B, Green RE. A ligation-based single-stranded library preparation method to analyze cell-free DNA and synthetic oligos. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:1023. [PMID: 31881841 PMCID: PMC6935139 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell-free DNA (cfDNA), present in circulating blood plasma, contains information about prenatal health, organ transplant reception, and cancer presence and progression. Originally developed for the genomic analysis of highly degraded ancient DNA, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) library preparation methods are gaining popularity in the field of cfDNA analysis due to their efficiency and ability to convert short, fragmented DNA into sequencing libraries without altering DNA ends. However, current ssDNA methods are costly and time-consuming. Results Here we present an efficient ligation-based single-stranded library preparation method that is engineered to produce complex libraries in under 2.5 h from as little as 1 nanogram of input DNA without alteration to the native ends of template molecules. Our method, called Single Reaction Single-stranded LibrarY or SRSLY, ligates uniquely designed Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) adapters in a one-step combined phosphorylation/ligation reaction that foregoes end-polishing. Using synthetic DNA oligos and cfDNA, we demonstrate the efficiency and utility of this approach and compare with existing double-stranded and single-stranded approaches for library generation. Finally, we demonstrate that cfDNA NGS data generated from SRSLY can be used to analyze DNA fragmentation patterns to deduce nucleosome positioning and transcription factor binding. Conclusions SRSLY is a versatile tool for converting short and fragmented DNA molecules, like cfDNA fragments, into sequencing libraries while retaining native lengths and ends.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua Kapp
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Varsha Rao
- Claret Bioscience LLC, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | | | - Charles Cole
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | | | | | - Beth Shapiro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Richard E Green
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
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Oxidized Cell-Free DNA Is a Factor of Stress Signaling in Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects in Different Types of Human Cells. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:9467029. [PMID: 31531341 PMCID: PMC6721096 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9467029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In pathology or under damaging conditions, the properties of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) change. An example of such change is GC enrichment, which drastically alters the biological properties of cfDNA. GC-rich cfDNA is a factor of stress signaling, whereas genomic cfDNA is biologically inactive. GC-rich cfDNA stimulates TLR9-MyD88-NF-κB signaling cascade, leading to an increase in proinflammatory cytokine levels in the organism. In addition, GC-rich DNA is prone to oxidation and oxidized cfDNA can stimulate secondary oxidative stress. This article is a review of works dedicated to the investigation of a low-dose ionizing radiation effect, a bystander effect, and the role of cfDNA in both of these processes.
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Increased Transfection of the Easily Oxidizable GC-Rich DNA Fragments into the MCF7 Breast Cancer Cell. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2348165. [PMID: 30867888 PMCID: PMC6379852 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2348165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective Easily oxidizable GC-rich DNA (GC-DNA) fragments accumulate in the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of patients with various diseases. The human oxidized DNA penetrates the MCF7 breast cancer cells and significantly changes their physiology. It can be assumed that readily oxidizable GC-DNA fragments can penetrate the cancer cells and be expressed. Methods MCF7 cells were cultured in the presence of two types of GC-DNA probes: (1) vectors pBR322 and pEGFP and (2) plasmids carrying inserted human rDNA (pBR322-rDNA and pEGFP-rDNA). pEGFP and pEGFP-rDNA contained a CMV promoter and a fluorescent protein gene EGFP. ROS generation rate, accumulation of the DNA probes in MCF7, 8-oxodG content, expression of EGFP and NOX4, and localization of EGFP, NOX4, and 8-oxodG in MCF7 were explored. The applied methods were qPCR, fluorescent microscopy (FM), immunoassay, and flow cytometry (FCA). Results When GC-DNA is added to the cell culture medium, it interacts with the cell surface. At the site of GC-DNA contact with the cell, NOX4 is expressed, and ROS level increases. The ROS oxidize the GC-DNA. When using the plasmids pEGFP and pEGFP-rDNA, an increase in the amount of the DNA EGFP, RNA EGFP, and EGFP proteins was detected in the cells. These facts suggest that GC-DNA penetrates the cells and the EGFP gene is expressed. Insertions of the rDNA significantly increase the GC-DNA oxidation degree as well as the rate of plasmid transfection into the cells and the EGFP expression level. In the nucleus, the oxidized GC-rDNA fragments, but not the vectors, are localized within the nucleolus. Conclusions GC-rich cfDNA fragments that are prone to oxidation can easily penetrate the cancer cells and be expressed. The cfDNA should become a target for the antitumor therapy.
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Abundance of ribosomal RNA gene copies in the genomes of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Res 2018; 197:305-314. [PMID: 29336872 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ribosome is a critical component of the translation machinery. The key component of ribosomes is ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Dysregulation of rRNA biogenesis has been implicated in some human diseases. One of the factors affecting rRNA biogenesis is the ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) copy number in the genome. The aim of this study was to examine the rDNA copy number (CN) variation in the genomes of patients with schizophrenia (SZ) compared to healthy controls (HC). METHODS We evaluated rDNA CN in leukocytes of 179 subjects with SZ (108 male/71 female) in comparison with 122 HC (60 male/62 female) using two techniques: qPCR and nonradioactive quantitative hybridization (NQH), which is based on the use of biotinylated rDNA probes. RESULTS rDNA CN (NQH) and rDNA CN (qPCR) was higher in SZ patients than in controls (median 542 vs 384, p=10-25 and median 498 vs 370, p=10-12). NQH was experimentally proved to be less sensitive to severe DNA damage than qPCR. The more DNA damage, the higher the ratio R=CN (NQH)/CN (qPCR). 15% of the SZ patients had significantly higher rDNA damage degree than the HC. CONCLUSION Genomes of some SZ patients contain more ribosomal genes than those of HC. The elevated ribosomal genes copy number in human genome can be one of the genetic factors of schizophrenia development. This hypothesis requires further experimental studies to be corroborated or disproved.
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Chiyonobu N, Shimada S, Akiyama Y, Mogushi K, Itoh M, Akahoshi K, Matsumura S, Ogawa K, Ono H, Mitsunori Y, Ban D, Kudo A, Arii S, Suganami T, Yamaoka S, Ogawa Y, Tanabe M, Tanaka S. Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) Overexpression in Intratumoral Hepatic Stellate Cells within Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Metabolic Risk Factors. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:1213-1224. [PMID: 29454748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a newly identified risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, tumor-specific biomarkers still remain unclear. We performed cross-species analysis to compare gene signatures of HCC from human patients and melanocortin 4 receptor-knockout mice, which develop HCC with obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering and principle component analysis of 746 differentially expressed orthologous genes classified HCC of 152 human patients and melanocortin 4 receptor-knockout mice into two distinct subgroups, one of which included mouse HCC and was causatively associated with metabolic risk factors. Nine genes commonly overexpressed in human and mouse metabolic disease-associated HCC were identified; fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) was remarkably enriched in intratumoral activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Subclones constitutively expressing FABP4 were established from a human HSC cell line in which expression levels of inflammatory chemokines, including IL-1A and IL-6, were up-regulated through NF-κB nuclear translocation, resulting in recruitment of macrophages. An immunohistochemical validation study of 106 additional human HCC samples indicated that FABP4-positive HSCs were distributed in tumors of 38 cases, and the FABP4-high group consisted of patients with nonviral and nonalcoholic HCC (P = 0.027) and with multiple metabolic risk factors (P < 0.001) compared with the FABP4-low group. Thus, FABP4 overexpression in HSCs may contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis in patients with metabolic risk factors by modulation of inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimichi Chiyonobu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Shimada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Akiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Mogushi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Itoh
- Department of Organ Network and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Akahoshi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsumura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ogawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ono
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mitsunori
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ban
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kudo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Arii
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suganami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamaoka
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medical and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanabe
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Johnson AA, Naaldijk Y, Hohaus C, Meisel HJ, Krystel I, Stolzing A. Protective effects of alpha phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone and ascorbic acid in human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells from differently aged donors. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:340-352. [PMID: 27638293 PMCID: PMC5361667 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent stem cells that promote therapeutic effects and are frequently used in autologous applications. Little is known about how ADSCs respond to genotoxic stress and whether or not donor age affects DNA damage and repair. In this study, we used the comet assay to assess DNA damage and repair in human ADSCs derived from young (20-40 years), middle-aged (41-60 years), and older (61+ years) donors following treatment with H2O2 or UV light. Tail lengths in H2O2-treated ADSCs were substantially higher than the tail lengths in UV-treated ADSCs. After 30 minutes of treatment with H2O2, ADSCs preconditioned with alpha phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) or ascorbic acid (AA) showed a significant reduction in % tail DNA. The majority of ADSCs treated with PBN or AA displayed low olive tail movements at various timepoints. In general and indicative of DNA repair, % tail length and % tail DNA peaked at 30 minutes and then decreased to near-control levels at the 2 hour and 4 hour timepoints. Differently aged ADSCs displayed comparable levels of DNA damage in the majority of these experiments, suggesting that the age of the donor does not affect the DNA damage response in cultured ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adiv A Johnson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yahaira Naaldijk
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Hohaus
- Department of Neurosurgery, BG Clinic Bergmannstrost Halle, Germany
| | - Hans Jörg Meisel
- Department of Neurosurgery, BG Clinic Bergmannstrost Halle, Germany
| | - Ilona Krystel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexandra Stolzing
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Loughborough University, Centre for Biological Engineering, Wolfson School, Loughborough, UK
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Sergeeva VA, Ershova ES, Veiko NN, Malinovskaya EM, Kalyanov AA, Kameneva LV, Stukalov SV, Dolgikh OA, Konkova MS, Ermakov AV, Veiko VP, Izhevskaya VL, Kutsev SI, Kostyuk SV. Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation Affects Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Extracellular Oxidized Cell-Free DNA: A Possible Mediator of Bystander Effect and Adaptive Response. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9515809. [PMID: 28904740 PMCID: PMC5585687 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9515809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We have hypothesized that the adaptive response to low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) is mediated by oxidized cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments. Here, we summarize our experimental evidence for this model. Studies involving measurements of ROS, expression of the NOX (superoxide radical production), induction of apoptosis and DNA double-strand breaks, antiapoptotic gene expression and cell cycle inhibition confirm this hypothesis. We have demonstrated that treatment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with low doses of IR (10 cGy) leads to cell death of part of cell population and release of oxidized cfDNA. cfDNA has the ability to penetrate into the cytoplasm of other cells. Oxidized cfDNA, like low doses of IR, induces oxidative stress, ROS production, ROS-induced oxidative modifications of nuclear DNA, DNA breaks, arrest of the cell cycle, activation of DNA reparation and antioxidant response, and inhibition of apoptosis. The MSCs pretreated with low dose of irradiation or oxidized cfDNA were equally effective in induction of adaptive response to challenge further dose of radiation. Our studies suggest that oxidized cfDNA is a signaling molecule in the stress signaling that mediates radiation-induced bystander effects and that it is an important component of the development of radioadaptive responses to low doses of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. A. Sergeeva
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - E. S. Ershova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
- V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - N. N. Veiko
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
- V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| | | | - A. A. Kalyanov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - L. V. Kameneva
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - S. V. Stukalov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - O. A. Dolgikh
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - M. S. Konkova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - A. V. Ermakov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - V. P. Veiko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry and Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - V. L. Izhevskaya
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - S. I. Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
- N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - S. V. Kostyuk
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
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Alekseeva LA, Mironova NL, Brenner EV, Kurilshikov AM, Patutina OA, Zenkova MA. Alteration of the exDNA profile in blood serum of LLC-bearing mice under the decrease of tumour invasion potential by bovine pancreatic DNase I treatment. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171988. [PMID: 28222152 PMCID: PMC5319761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Taking into account recently obtained data indicating the participation of circulating extracellular DNA (exDNA) in tumorigenesis, enzymes with deoxyribonucleic activity have again been considered as potential antitumour and antimetastatic drugs. Previously, using murine Lewis lung carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma A1 tumour models, we have shown the antimetastatic activity of bovine DNase I, which correlates with an increase of DNase activity and a decrease of exDNA concentration in the blood serum of tumour-bearing mice. In this work, using next-generation sequencing on the ABS SOLiD™ 5.500 platform, we performed a search for molecular targets of DNase I by comparing the exDNA profiles of healthy animals, untreated animals with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and those with LLC treated with DNase I. We found that upon DNase I treatment of LLC-bearing mice, together with inhibition of metastasis, a number of strong alterations in the patterns of exDNA were observed. The major differences in exDNA profiles between groups were: i) the level of GC-poor sequences increased during tumour development was reduced to that of healthy mice; ii) levels of sequences corresponding to tumour-associated genes Hmga2, Myc and Jun were reduced in the DNase I-treated group in comparison with non-treated mice; iii) 224 types of tandem repeat over-presented in untreated LLC-bearing mice were significantly reduced after DNase I treatment. The most important result obtained in the work is that DNase I decreased the level of B-subfamily repeats having homology to human ALU repeats, known as markers of carcinogenesis, to the level of healthy animals. Thus, the obtained data lead us to suppose that circulating exDNA plays a role in tumour dissemination, and alteration of multiple molecular targets in the bloodstream by DNase I reduces the invasive potential of tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila A. Alekseeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda L. Mironova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenyi V. Brenner
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Olga A. Patutina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina A. Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- * E-mail:
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Human circulating ribosomal DNA content significantly increases while circulating satellite III (1q12) content decreases under chronic occupational exposure to low-dose gamma- neutron and tritium beta-radiation. Mutat Res 2016; 791-792:49-60. [PMID: 27648955 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A single exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) results in an elevated cell-free DNA (cfDNA) content in the blood plasma. In this case, the cfDNA concentration can be a marker of the cell death in the organism. However, a chronic exposure to a low-dose IR enhances both the endonuclease activity and titer of antibodies to DNA in blood plasma, resulting in a decrease of the total concentration of circulating cfDNA in exposed people. In this case, the total cfDNA concentration should not be considered as a marker of the cell death in an exposed body. We assumed that a pool of the cfDNA circulating in the exposed people contains DNA fragments, which are resistant to a double-strand break formation in the environment of the elevated plasma endonuclease activity, and can be accumulated in the blood plasma. In order to test this hypothesis, we studied the content of GC-rich sequences (69%GC) of the transcribed region of human ribosomal repeat (rDNA), as well as the content of AT-rich repeat (63%AT) of satellite III (1q12) in the cfDNA samples obtained from 285 individuals. We have found that a chronic exposure to gamma-neutron radiation (N=88) and tritium β-radiation (N=88) evokes an increase of the rDNA content (RrDNA index) and a decrease of the satellite III content (RsatIII index) in the circulating cfDNA as compared with the cfDNA of non-exposed people (N=109). Such index that simultaneously displays both the increase of rDNA content and decrease of satellite III content in the cfDNA (RrDNA/RsatIII) can be recommended as a marker of chronic processes in the body that involve the elevated cell death rate and/or increased blood plasma endonuclease activity.
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