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Ajeeb TT, Gonzalez E, Solomons NW, Vossenaar M, Koski KG. Human milk microbiome: associations with maternal diet and infant growth. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1341777. [PMID: 38529196 PMCID: PMC10962684 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1341777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ingestion of human milk (HM) is identified as a significant factor associated with early infant gut microbial colonization, which has been associated with infant health and development. Maternal diet has been associated with the HM microbiome (HMM). However, a few studies have explored the associations among maternal diet, HMM, and infant growth during the first 6 months of lactation. Methods For this cross-sectional study, Mam-Mayan mother-infant dyads (n = 64) were recruited from 8 rural communities in the Western Highlands of Guatemala at two stages of lactation: early (6-46 days postpartum, n = 29) or late (109-184 days postpartum, n = 35). Recruited mothers had vaginally delivered singleton births, had no subclinical mastitis or antibiotic treatments, and breastfed their infants. Data collected at both stages of lactation included two 24-h recalls, milk samples, and infant growth status indicators: head-circumference-for-age-z-score (HCAZ), length-for-age-z-score (LAZ), and weight-for-age-z-score (WAZ). Infants were divided into subgroups: normal weight (WAZ ≥ -1SD) and mildly underweight (WAZ < -1SD), non-stunted (LAZ ≥ -1.5SD) and mildly stunted (LAZ < -1.5SD), and normal head-circumference (HCAZ ≥ -1SD) and smaller head-circumference (HCAZ < -1SD). HMM was identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing; amplicon analysis was performed with the high-resolution ANCHOR pipeline, and DESeq2 identified the differentially abundant (DA) HMM at the species-level between infant growth groups (FDR < 0.05) in both early and late lactation. Results Using both cluster and univariate analyses, we identified (a) positive correlations between infant growth clusters and maternal dietary clusters, (b) both positive and negative associations among maternal macronutrient and micronutrient intakes with the HMM at the species level and (c) distinct correlations between HMM DA taxa with maternal nutrient intakes and infant z-scores that differed between breast-fed infants experiencing growth faltering and normal growth in early and late lactation. Conclusion Collectively, these findings provide important evidence of the potential influence of maternal diet on the early-life growth of breastfed infants via modulation of the HMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara T. Ajeeb
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emmanuel Gonzalez
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Noel W. Solomons
- Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Marieke Vossenaar
- Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Guatemala City, Guatemala
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Zhang Y, Tan L. Maternal High-Fat Diet Consumption in Sprague Dawley Rats Compromised the Availability and Altered the Tissue Distribution of Lutein in Neonatal Offspring. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040544. [PMID: 37110202 PMCID: PMC10140825 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lutein, the most abundant carotenoid in the infant eye and brain, is critical for their visual and cognitive development. Due to its lipophilic nature, a high adiposity may affect the tissue distribution of lutein. The aim of the study was to determine the impacts of a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) consumption on the status of lutein in the neonatal offspring. Female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 6) were fed a normal fat diet (NFD) or a HFD for 8 weeks before mating, and they were switched to an NFD or an HFD containing the same concentration of lutein ester during gestation and lactation. Rat pups (n = 7/group/time) were euthanized on postnatal day 2 (P2), P6, P11, and P20 for measuring tissue lutein concentrations. No significant difference in maternal lutein intake was found between the two groups. At both P6 and P11, a significantly lower lutein concentration was noted in the milk samples separated from the stomach of HFD pups than the concentration in the samples from the NFD pups; the HFD group showed a significantly lower lutein concentration in the liver. At P11, the HFD pups exhibited a significantly lower lutein concentration in the eye, brain, and brown adipose tissue accompanied with a significantly higher lutein concentration and mass in the visceral white adipose tissue. The study was the first to provide evidence that maternal HFD consumption resulted in a compromised availability and altered distribution of lutein in the neonatal offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Zhang
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Libo Tan
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
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The effect of lutein and Zeaxanthine on dyslipidemia: A meta-analysis study. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 164:106691. [PMID: 36336325 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The relationship between circulating Lutein and zeaxanthin (L/Z) concentrations, and plasma lipoproteins has been indicated by observational studies. However, the beneficial impact of L/Z administration on dyslipidemia are unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of oral intake of L/Z on circulating total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. METHODS We electronically assessed all eligible interventional studies through different electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ISI -Web of Science, and Cochrane library until Jun 2021. After identifying the quality of each included randomized controlled trials, they were evaluated by assessing the risk-difference between treatment and control groups by pooling available data on net change of serum LDL-C, HDL-C, and Cholesterol. RESULTS L/Z supplementation has null effect on circulating levels of TC (WMD: -3.82 95% CI: -13.83, 6.18; I-square: 85.2%), and LDL-C (WMD: -4.54; 95% CI: -11.5, 2.48; I-square: 83.9%). In contrast, L/Z treatment could significantly increase HDL-C levels in older adults (WMD: 4.06; 95% CI: 0.64, 7.48; I-square: 50.7%). CONCLUSION L/Z administration could be an effective treatment for improving circulating HDL-C concentration in elderly adults.
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Liu C, Zhao Z, Xu Q, Zhang H, Liu X, Yin C, Yan H, Liu Y. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5 and Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 for Producing Macular Pigment. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020266. [PMID: 36838230 PMCID: PMC9967899 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5, which we previously identified and tested, is a new bacterial strain for producing lutein. Here, based on the next-generation sequencing technology, we analyzed high throughput genomic sequences and compared related functional genes of Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5 and Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. The genome of Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5 has two sets of chromosomes, which is 4,239,716 bp and harbors 3882 protein coding genes. There are 59 protein-coding genes related to the macular pigment (MP) biosynthesis, of which four genes (ackA, pgm, gpmI and pckA) are unique. These genes, pckG, porB, meh, and fldA, are unique in Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. The analysis of Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5 and Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 genomes gives an insight into the new pathway for MP production. These genes for the transformation of glucose to MP were also found in Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5 and Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. This study expands the understanding of the pathway for complete biosynthesis of MP by Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5 and Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hai Yan
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (Y.L.)
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El-Baz FK, Salama A, Ali SI, Elgohary R. Lutein isolated from Scenedesmus obliquus microalga boosts immunity against cyclophosphamide-induced brain injury in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22601. [PMID: 36585479 PMCID: PMC9803677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein is a naturally potent antioxidant carotenoid synthesized in green microalgae with a potent ability to prevent different human chronic conditions. To date, there are no reports of the immune-stimulating effect of pure lutein isolated from Scenedesmus obliquus. Thus, we isolated the natural lutein from S. obliquus and evaluated its effectiveness as an immunostimulant against cyclophosphamide-induced brain injury. We purified all-E-(3R, 3'R, 6'R)-Lutein from S. obliquus using prep-HPLC and characterized it by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. We assigned rats randomly to four experimental groups: the Control group got a vehicle for lutein dimethyl sulfoxide for ten successive days. The Cyclophosphamide group received a single i.p injection of Cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg). Lutein groups received 50 and 100 (mg/kg) of lutein one time per day for ten successive days after the cyclophosphamide dose. Lutein administration reduced brain contents of Macrophage inflammatory protein2 (MIP2), cytokine-induced- neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC), and Matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1). Besides, it lowered the contents of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin 18 (IL-18), associated with low content of NLR pyrin domain protein 3 (NLRP3) and consequently caspase-1 compared to the cyclophosphamide group. In the histomorphometric analysis, lutein groups (50 and 100 mg/Kg) showed mild histopathological alterations as they significantly reduced nuclear pyknosis numbers by 65% and 69% respectively, compared to the cyclophosphamide group. This is the first study that showed the immunomodulatory roles of lutein against cyclophosphamide-induced brain injury via decreasing neuroinflammation, chemokines recruitment, and neuron degeneration with the modulation of immune markers. Hence, lutein can be an effective immunomodulator against inflammation-related immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk K. El-Baz
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Sami I. Ali
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
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Characterization and Bioactive Potential of Carotenoid Lutein from Gordonia rubripertncta GH-1 Isolated from Traditional Pixian Douban. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223649. [PMID: 36429243 PMCID: PMC9689138 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization and bioactive properties of carotenoid produced by Gordonia rubripertincta GH-1 originating from Pixian Douban (PXDB), the Chinese traditional condiment, was investigated. The produced and purified yellow pigment was characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and was identified as carotenoid lutein. Additionally, the bioactive activity of lutein from G. rubripertincta GH-1 was evaluated by measuring the free radical scavenging capacity in vitro and feeding zebrafish lutein through aqueous solution. The results showed that the carotenoid lutein had strong antioxidant capacity and a protective effect on zebrafish eye cells, which could inhibit the apoptosis of eye cells in a concentration dependent manner. The results suggested that carotenoid lutein from G. rubripertincta GH-1 could be utilized as a potential source of natural antioxidants or functional additives for food/pharmaceutical industries.
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Lopresti AL, Smith SJ, Drummond PD. The Effects of Lutein and Zeaxanthin Supplementation on Cognitive Function in Adults With Self-Reported Mild Cognitive Complaints: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:843512. [PMID: 35252311 PMCID: PMC8891800 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.843512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lutein and zeaxanthin are fat-soluble, dietary carotenoids with high concentrations in human brain tissue. There have been a number studies confirming an association between lutein and zeaxanthin and cognitive function. Purpose Examine the effects of lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation on cognitive function in adults with self-reported cognitive complaints. Study Design Two-arm, parallel-group, 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Methods Ninety volunteers aged 40–75 years received either 10 mg of lutein and 2 mg of zeaxanthin, once daily or a placebo. Outcome measures included computer-based cognitive tasks, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Profile of Mood States, and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29. Results Compared to the placebo, lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation was associated with greater improvements in visual episodic memory (p = 0.005) and visual learning (p = 0.001). However, there were no other statistically-significant differences in performance on the other assessed cognitive tests or self-report questionnaires. Lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation was well-tolerated with no reports of significant adverse effects. Conclusion The results from this trial suggest that 6-months of supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin may improve visual memory and learning in community-dwelling adults with self-reported cognitive complaints. However, it had no other effect on other computer-based measures of cognitive performance or self-report measures of cognition, memory, mood, or physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L. Lopresti
- Clinical Research Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre and Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Adrian L. Lopresti
| | - Stephen J. Smith
- Clinical Research Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre and Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Peter D. Drummond
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre and Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Panchal R, Bapat S, Mukherjee S, Chowdhary A. In silico binding analysis of lutein and rosmarinic acid against envelope domain III protein of dengue virus. Indian J Pharmacol 2021; 53:471-479. [PMID: 34975135 PMCID: PMC8764985 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_576_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was performed to evaluate in silico binding ability of lutein and rosmarinic acid (RA) with the envelope domain III (EDIII) proteins of the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV), enlightening potential antiviral activity of the two compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS EDIII protein structures for the four DENV serotypes were retrieved from RCSB Protein data bank (PDB) and used as receptors. Four ligands of lutein and four of RA were selected from the ZINC database and used for computational molecular docking and ligand interaction analysis with the four receptors using bioinformatics tools like AutoDock Vina and Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. RESULTS The EDIII of the four serotypes demonstrated significant interaction with ligands of lutein and RA. RA ligand ZINC899870, particularly presented best-binding energy values of 6.4, -7.0, and 6.9 kcal/mol with EDIII of serotype DENV-1, DENV-2, and DENV-4 respectively. Whereas, lutein ligand, ZINC14879959 presented best-binding energy value of 7.9 kcal/mol for EDIII of serotype DENV-3. From the results predicted by MOE, the hydroxyl (OH) of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl group of RA ligand ZINC899870 is actively involved in interaction with all four serotypes. CONCLUSION RA is a competent candidate for further evaluation of potential in vitro antiviral activity that can be effective in conferring protection against the four serotypes of DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Panchal
- School of Science, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanket Bapat
- MIT School of Bioengineering Science and Research, ADT University, Pune, India
| | - Sandeepan Mukherjee
- Department of Virology, Haffkin Institute for Training, Research and Testing, Mumbai, India
| | - Abhay Chowdhary
- Department of Microbiology, D. Y. Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, India
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Gazzolo D, Picone S, Gaiero A, Bellettato M, Montrone G, Riccobene F, Lista G, Pellegrini G. Early Pediatric Benefit of Lutein for Maturing Eyes and Brain-An Overview. Nutrients 2021; 13:3239. [PMID: 34579116 PMCID: PMC8468336 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lutein is a dietary carotenoid preferentially accumulated in the eye and the brain in early life and throughout the life span. Lutein accumulation in areas of high metabolism and oxidative stress such as the eye and the brain suggest a unique role of this ingredient during the development and maturation of these organs of common embryological origin. Lutein is naturally provided to the developing baby via the cord blood, breast milk and then infant diet. The presence of this carotenoid depends on fruit and vegetable intakes and its bioavailability is higher in breastmilk. This paper aims to review the anatomical development of the eye and the brain, explore the presence and selective deposition of lutein in these organs during pregnancy and infancy and, based on its functional characteristics, present the latest available research on the beneficial role of lutein in the pediatric population. The potential effects of lutein in ameliorating conditions associated with increase oxidative stress such as in prematurity will be also addressed. Since consumption of lutein rich foods falls short of government guidelines and in most region of the world infant formulas lack this bioactive, dietary recommendations for pregnant and breastfeeding women and their child can help to bridge the gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gazzolo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University G. d’Annunzio, 65100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simonetta Picone
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Policlinico Casilino, 00169 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alberto Gaiero
- Pediatric and Neonatology Unit, asl2 Ospedale San Paolo Savona, 17100 Savona, Italy;
| | - Massimo Bellettato
- Department of Women and Child’s Health, San Bortolo Hospital, 36100 Vicenza, Italy;
| | - Gerardo Montrone
- S.S.V.D “NIDO E STEN” Ospedali Riuniti Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | | | - Gianluca Lista
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, ASST-FBF-Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy;
| | - Guido Pellegrini
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Presidio Ospedaliero “Città di Sesto San Giovanni, Sesto san Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy;
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Chemical Characterization of the Lichen-Symbiont Microalga Asterochloris erici and Study of Its Cytostatic Effect on the L929 Murine Fibrosarcoma Cell Line. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
New resources of food, pharmaceuticals or biotechnological products are needed. The huge biodiversity of aero-terrestrial lichen-symbiont microalgae belonging to the Chlorophyta group remains unexplored despite they present interesting features such as extreme stress tolerance and growth in water shortage. Appropriateness for human consumption demands the demonstration of the absence of toxic effects. In vitro biocompatibility of crude homogenates of axenic microalga Asterochloris erici, isolated from the lichen Cladonia cristatella, was analyzed after treatment of cultured L929 fibroblasts with different concentrations of microalgal homogenates. The microalgal protein content (37%) was similar to spirulina or soybean. Antioxidant capacity (10.6 ± 0.6 µmol TE/g WW) or phenolic content (7.5 ± 0.5 mg GAE/g DW) were high compared to Chlorella. The results show that crude homogenates of A. erici do not induce cytotoxicity but seem to have some cytostatic effect inducing slight cell cycle alterations and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase at the highest concentration. Carotenoid analysis demonstrates high contents of lutein (1211 µg/g microalga DW), a xanthophyll with antioxidant and cytostatic properties in vivo and high commercial added value. These findings confirm that Asterochloris erici can be suitable for the development of alimentary or pharmaceutical applications and further in vivo animal testing. The cytostatic effects should be further investigated for antitumor agents.
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Sangija F, Martin H, Matemu A. African nightshades (Solanum nigrum complex): The potential contribution to human nutrition and livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:3284-3318. [PMID: 33938139 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Achieving zero hunger in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) without minimizing postharvest losses of agricultural products is impossible. Therefore, a holistic approach is vital to end hunger, simultaneously improving food security, diversity, and livelihoods. This review focuses on the African nightshades (ANS) Solanum spp. contribution to improving food and nutrition security in SSA. Different parts of ANS are utilized as food and medicine; however, pests and diseases hinder ANS utilization. African nightshade is rich in micronutrients such as β-carotene, vitamins C and E, minerals (iron, calcium, and zinc), and dietary fiber. The leaves contain a high amount of nutrients than the berries. Proper utilization of ANS can contribute to ending hidden hunger, mainly in children and pregnant women. Literature shows that ANS contains antinutritional factors such as oxalate, phytate, nitrate, and alkaloids; however, their quantities are low to cause potential health effects. Several improved varieties with high yields, rich in nutrients, and low alkaloids have been developed in SSA. Various processing and preservation techniques such as cooking, drying, and fermentation are feasible techniques for value addition on ANS in SSA; moreover, most societies are yet to adopt them effectively. Furthermore, promoting value addition and commercialization of ANS is of importance and can create more jobs. Therefore, this review provides an overview of ANS production and challenges that hinder their utilization, possible solutions, and future research suggestions. This review concludes that ANS is an essential nutritious leafy vegetable for improving nutrition and livelihoods in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Sangija
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutritional Sciences (FBNS), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Haikael Martin
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutritional Sciences (FBNS), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Athanasia Matemu
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutritional Sciences (FBNS), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania
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Lutein Has a Positive Impact on Brain Health in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061746. [PMID: 34063827 PMCID: PMC8223987 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous systematic review revealed that lutein intake leads to improved cognitive function among older adults. However, the association between lutein intake and brain health remains unclear. Methods: We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library for research papers. The criteria were (1) an intervention study using oral lutein intake or a cross-sectional study that examined lutein levels and the brain, (2) participants were older adults, and (3) brain activities or structures were measured using a brain imaging technique (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or electroencephalography (EEG)). Results: Seven studies using MRI (brain activities during rest, cognitive tasks, and brain structure) and two studies using EEG were included. We mainly focused on MRI studies. Three intervention studies using MRI indicated that 10 mg lutein intake over 12 months had a positive impact on healthy older adults’ brain activities during learning, resting-state connectivity, and gray matter volumes. Four cross-sectional studies using MRI suggested that lutein was positively associated with brain structure and neural efficiency during cognitive tasks. Conclusion: Although only nine studies that used similar datasets were reviewed, this systematic review indicates that lutein has beneficial effects on healthy older adults’ brain health.
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Morton SU, Vyas R, Gagoski B, Vu C, Litt J, Larsen RJ, Kuchan MJ, Lasekan JB, Sutton BP, Grant PE, Ou Y. Maternal Dietary Intake of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Correlates Positively with Regional Brain Volumes in 1-Month-Old Term Infants. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:2057-2069. [PMID: 31711132 PMCID: PMC8355466 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is an important factor for infant neurodevelopment. However, prior magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies on maternal nutrients and infant brain have focused mostly on preterm infants or on few specific nutrients and few specific brain regions. We present a first study in term-born infants, comprehensively correlating 73 maternal nutrients with infant brain morphometry at the regional (61 regions) and voxel (over 300 000 voxel) levels. Both maternal nutrition intake diaries and infant MRI were collected at 1 month of life (0.9 ± 0.5 months) for 92 term-born infants (among them, 54 infants were purely breastfed and 19 were breastfed most of the time). Intake of nutrients was assessed via standardized food frequency questionnaire. No nutrient was significantly correlated with any of the volumes of the 61 autosegmented brain regions. However, increased volumes within subregions of the frontal cortex and corpus callosum at the voxel level were positively correlated with maternal intake of omega-3 fatty acids, retinol (vitamin A) and vitamin B12, both with and without correction for postmenstrual age and sex (P < 0.05, q < 0.05 after false discovery rate correction). Omega-3 fatty acids remained significantly correlated with infant brain volumes after subsetting to the 54 infants who were exclusively breastfed, but retinol and vitamin B12 did not. This provides an impetus for future larger studies to better characterize the effect size of dietary variation and correlation with neurodevelopmental outcomes, which can lead to improved nutritional guidance during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah U Morton
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rutvi Vyas
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Borjan Gagoski
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Catherine Vu
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan Litt
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan J Larsen
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | | | - Brad P Sutton
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - P Ellen Grant
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yangming Ou
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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14
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Akinsulire O, Perides G, Anez-Bustillos L, Cluette-Brown J, Nedder A, Pollack E, Singh P, Liu Y, Sanchez-Fernandez LL, Obregon E, Bicak E, Kiefer S, Yakah W, Gutierrez HV, Dao DT, Vurma M, Ehling S, Gordon D, DeMichele S, Freedman SD, Martin CR. Early Enteral Administration of a Complex Lipid Emulsion Supplement Prevents Postnatal Deficits in Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids and Increases Tissue Accretion of Lipophilic Nutrients in Preterm Piglets. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2019; 44:69-79. [PMID: 31441521 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm delivery and current nutrition strategies result in deficiencies of critical long-chain fatty acids (FAs) and lipophilic nutrients, increasing the risk of preterm morbidities. We sought to determine the efficacy of preventing postnatal deficits in FAs and lipophilic nutrients using an enteral concentrated lipid supplement in preterm piglets. METHODS Preterm piglets were fed a baseline diet devoid of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and randomized to enteral supplementation as follows: (1) Intralipid (IL), (2) complex lipid supplement 1 (CLS1) with an AA:DHA ratio of 0.25, or (3) CLS2 with an AA:DHA ratio of 1.2. On day 8, plasma and tissue levels of FAs and lipophilic nutrients were measured and ileum histology performed. RESULTS Plasma DHA levels decreased in the IL group by day 2. In contrast, DHA increased by day 2 compared with birth levels in both CLS1 and CLS2 groups. The IL and CLS1 groups demonstrated a continued decline in AA levels during the 8-day protocol, whereas AA levels in the CLS2 group on day 8 were comparable to birth levels. Preserving AA levels in the CLS2 group was associated with greater ileal villus height and muscular layer thickness. Lipophilic nutrients were effectively absorbed in plasma and tissues. CONCLUSIONS Enteral administration of CLS1 and CLS2 demonstrated similar increases in DHA levels compared with birth levels. Only CLS2 maintained AA birth levels. Providing a concentrated complex lipid emulsion with an AA:DHA ratio > 1 is important in preventing postnatal AA deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajumoke Akinsulire
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George Perides
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Joanne Cluette-Brown
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arthur Nedder
- Animal Resources Children's Hospital, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth Pollack
- Animal Resources Children's Hospital, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pratibha Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Evelyn Obregon
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ece Bicak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Savanna Kiefer
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William Yakah
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hilda V Gutierrez
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duy T Dao
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mustafa Vurma
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA
| | - Stefan Ehling
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA
| | - Douglas Gordon
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen DeMichele
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven D Freedman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Camilia R Martin
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Liew WPP, Sulaiman Rahman H. Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1162. [PMID: 30405405 PMCID: PMC6204759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the progressive loss of organ and tissue function over time. Growing older is positively linked to cognitive and biological degeneration such as physical frailty, psychological impairment, and cognitive decline. Oxidative stress is considered as an imbalance between pro- and antioxidant species, which results in molecular and cellular damage. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of age-related diseases. Emerging research evidence has suggested that antioxidant can control the autoxidation by interrupting the propagation of free radicals or by inhibiting the formation of free radicals and subsequently reduce oxidative stress, improve immune function, and increase healthy longevity. Indeed, oxidation damage is highly dependent on the inherited or acquired defects in enzymes involved in the redox-mediated signaling pathways. Therefore, the role of molecules with antioxidant activity that promote healthy aging and counteract oxidative stress is worth to discuss further. Of particular interest in this article, we highlighted the molecular mechanisms of antioxidants involved in the prevention of age-related diseases. Taken together, a better understanding of the role of antioxidants involved in redox modulation of inflammation would provide a useful approach for potential interventions, and subsequently promoting healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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The Free Radical Diseases of Prematurity: From Cellular Mechanisms to Bedside. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7483062. [PMID: 30140369 PMCID: PMC6081521 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7483062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the perinatal period, free radicals (FRs) are involved in several physiological roles such as the cellular responses to noxia, the defense against infectious agents, the regulation of cellular signaling function, and the induction of a mitogenic response. However, the overproduction of FRs and the insufficiency of an antioxidant mechanism result in oxidative stress (OS) which represents a deleterious process and an important mediator of damage to the placenta and the developing fetus. After birth, OS can be magnified by other predisposing conditions such as hypoxia, hyperoxia, ischemia, hypoxia ischemia-reperfusion, inflammation, and high levels of nonprotein-bound iron. Newborns are particularly susceptible to OS and oxidative damage due to the increased generation of FRs and the lack of adequate antioxidant protection. This impairment of the oxidative balance has been thought to be the common factor of the so-called “free radical related diseases of prematurity,” including retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, necrotizing enterocolitis, kidney damage, and oxidative hemolysis. In this review, we provide an update focused on the factors influencing these diseases refining the knowledge about the role of OS in their pathogenesis and the current evidences of such relationship. Mechanisms governing FR formation and subsequent OS may represent targets for counteracting tissue damage.
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17
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Karakurt Y, Uçak T, Tasli N, Ahiskali I, Şipal S, Kurt N, Süleyman H. The effects of lutein on cisplatin-induced retinal injury: an experimental study. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2018; 37:374-379. [DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2018.1482494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yücel Karakurt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Turgay Uçak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - NurdanGamze Tasli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ahiskali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sare Şipal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nezahat Kurt
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Atatürk University Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Halis Süleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
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