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Lin J, Wang J, Fang J, Li M, Xu S, Little PJ, Zhang D, Liu Z. The cytoplasmic sensor, the AIM2 inflammasome: A precise therapeutic target in vascular and metabolic diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1695-1719. [PMID: 38528718 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases encompass pathological changes in the heart, brain and vascular system, which pose a great threat to health and well-being worldwide. Moreover, metabolic diseases contribute to and exacerbate the impact of vascular diseases. Inflammation is a complex process that protects against noxious stimuli but is also dysregulated in numerous so-called inflammatory diseases, one of which is atherosclerosis. Inflammation involves multiple organ systems and a complex cascade of molecular and cellular events. Numerous studies have shown that inflammation plays a vital role in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic diseases. The absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome detects and is subsequently activated by double-stranded DNA in damaged cells and pathogens. With the assistance of the mature effector molecule caspase-1, the AIM2 inflammasome performs crucial biological functions that underpin its involvement in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and related metabolic diseases: The production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and N-terminal pore-forming Gasdermin D fragment (GSDMD-N) mediates a series of inflammatory responses and programmed cell death (pyroptosis and PANoptosis). Currently, several agents have been reported to inhibit the activity of the AIM2 inflammasome and have the potential to be evaluated for use in clinical settings. In this review, we systemically elucidate the assembly, biological functions, regulation and mechanisms of the AIM2 inflammasome in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and related metabolic diseases and outline the inhibitory agents of the AIM2 inflammasome as potential therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuguo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Fang
- Huadu District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meihang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Peter J Little
- Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Rajendran P. Unveiling the power of flavonoids: A dynamic exploration of their impact on cancer through matrix metalloproteinases regulation. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2024; 14:12-28. [PMID: 38939095 PMCID: PMC11204124 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stands as a significant contributor to global mortality rates, primarily driven by its progression and widespread dissemination. Despite notable strides in cancer therapy, the efficacy of current treatment strategies is compromised due to their inherent toxicity and the emergence of chemoresistance. Consequently, there is a critical need to evaluate alternative therapeutic approaches, with natural compounds emerging as promising candidates, showcasing demonstrated anticancer capabilities in various research models. This review manuscript presents a comprehensive examination of the regulatory mechanisms governing the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and delves into the potential therapeutic role of flavonoids as agents exhibiting specific anticancer activity against MMPs. The primary aim of this study is to elucidate the diverse functions associated with MMP production in cancer and to investigate the potential of flavonoids in modulating MMP expression to inhibit metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ibrahim IH. Metalloproteins and metalloproteomics in health and disease. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 141:123-176. [PMID: 38960472 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Metalloproteins represents more than one third of human proteome, with huge variation in physiological functions and pathological implications, depending on the metal/metals involved and tissue context. Their functions range from catalysis, bioenergetics, redox, to DNA repair, cell proliferation, signaling, transport of vital elements, and immunity. The human metalloproteomic studies revealed that many families of metalloproteins along with individual metalloproteins are dysregulated under several clinical conditions. Also, several sorts of interaction between redox- active or redox- inert metalloproteins are observed in health and disease. Metalloproteins profiling shows distinct alterations in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, inflammation, infection, diabetes mellitus, among other diseases. This makes metalloproteins -either individually or as families- a promising target for several therapeutic approaches. Inhibitors and activators of metalloenzymes, metal chelators, along with artificial metalloproteins could be versatile in diagnosis and treatment of several diseases, in addition to other biomedical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Hassan Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Li XN, Shang NY, Kang YY, Sheng N, Lan JQ, Tang JS, Wu L, Zhang JL, Peng Y. Caffeic acid alleviates cerebral ischemic injury in rats by resisting ferroptosis via Nrf2 signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:248-267. [PMID: 37833536 PMCID: PMC10789749 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There are few effective and safe neuroprotective agents for the treatment of ischemic stroke currently. Caffeic acid is a phenolic acid that widely exists in a number of plant species. Previous studies show that caffeic acid ameliorates brain injury in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. In this study we explored the protective mechanisms of caffeic acid against oxidative stress and ferroptosis in permanent cerebral ischemia. Ischemia stroke was induced on rats by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Caffeic acid (0.4, 2, 10 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) was administered to the rats for 3 consecutive days before or after the surgery. We showed that either pre-pMCAO or post-pMCAO administration of caffeic acid (2 mg·kg-1·d-1) effectively reduced the infarct volume and improved neurological outcome. The therapeutic time window could last to 2 h after pMCAO. We found that caffeic acid administration significantly reduced oxidative damage as well as neuroinflammation, and enhanced antioxidant capacity in pMCAO rat brain. We further demonstrated that caffeic acid down-regulated TFR1 and ACSL4, and up-regulated glutathione production through Nrf2 signaling pathway to resist ferroptosis in pMCAO rat brain and in oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-treated SK-N-SH cells in vitro. Application of ML385, an Nrf2 inhibitor, blocked the neuroprotective effects of caffeic acid in both in vivo and in vitro models, evidenced by excessive accumulation of iron ions and inactivation of the ferroptosis defense system. In conclusion, caffeic acid inhibits oxidative stress-mediated neuronal death in pMCAO rat brain by regulating ferroptosis via Nrf2 signaling pathway. Caffeic acid might serve as a potential treatment to relieve brain injury after cerebral ischemia. Caffeic acid significantly attenuated cerebral ischemic injury and resisted ferroptosis both in vivo and in vitro. The regulation of Nrf2 by caffeic acid initiated the transcription of downstream target genes, which were shown to be anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and antiferroptotic. The effects of caffeic acid on neuroinflammation and ferroptosis in cerebral ischemia were explored in a primary microglia-neuron coculture system. Caffeic acid played a role in reducing neuroinflammation and resisting ferroptosis through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which further suggested that caffeic acid might be a potential therapeutic method for alleviating brain injury after cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Nian-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yu-Ying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ning Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jia-Qi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing-Shu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jin-Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Wang HK, Su YT, Ho YC, Lee YK, Chu TH, Chen KT, Wu CC. HDAC1 is Involved in Neuroinflammation and Blood-Brain Barrier Damage in Stroke Pathogenesis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4103-4116. [PMID: 37745794 PMCID: PMC10516226 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s416239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke is a common cause of disability and mortality worldwide; however, effective therapy remains limited. In stroke pathogenesis, ischemia/reperfusion injury triggers gliosis and neuroinflammation that further activates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby damaging the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Increased BBB permeability promotes macrophage infiltration and brain edema, thereby worsening behavioral outcomes and prognosis. Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is a repressor of epigenomic gene transcription and participates in DNA damage and cell cycle regulation. Although HDAC1 is deregulated after stroke and is involved in neuronal loss and DNA repair, its role in neuroinflammation and BBB damage remains unknown. Methods The rats with cerebral ischemia were evaluated in behavioral outcomes, levels of inflammation in gliosis and cytokines, and BBB damage by using an endothelin-1-induced rat model with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Results The results revealed that HDAC1 dysfunction could promote BBB damage through the destruction of tight junction proteins, such as ZO-1 and occludin, after stroke in rats. HDAC1 inhibition also increased the levels of astrocyte and microglial gliosis, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, lactate dehydrogenase, and reactive oxygen species, further triggering MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. Moreover, modified neurological severity scores for the cylinder test revealed that HDAC1 inhibition deteriorated behavioral outcomes in rats with cerebral ischemia. Discussion HDAC1 plays a crucial role in ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuroinflammation and BBB damage, thus indicating its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Kuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kuo Lee
- Medical Laboratory, Medical Education and Research Center, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Huei Chu
- Medical Laboratory, Medical Education and Research Center, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ti Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nation Chung-Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chun Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Lu D, Li Z, Zhu P, Yang Z, Yang H, Li Z, Li H, Li Z. Whole-transcriptome analyses of sheep embryonic testicular cells infected with the bluetongue virus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1053059. [PMID: 36532076 PMCID: PMC9751015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1053059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction bluetongue virus (BTV) infection triggers dramatic and complex changes in the host's transcriptional profile to favor its own survival and reproduction. However, there is no whole-transcriptome study of susceptible animal cells with BTV infection, which impedes the in-depth and systematical understanding of the comprehensive characterization of BTV-host interactome, as well as BTV infection and pathogenic mechanisms. Methods to systematically understand these changes, we performed whole-transcriptome sequencing in BTV serotype 1 (BTV-1)-infected and mock-infected sheep embryonic testicular cells, and subsequently conducted bioinformatics differential analyses. Results there were 1504 differentially expressed mRNAs, 78 differentially expressed microRNAs, 872 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs, and 59 differentially expressed circular RNAs identified in total. Annotation from the Gene Ontology, enrichment from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and construction of competing endogenous RNA networks revealed differentially expressed RNAs primarily related to virus-sensing and signaling transduction pathways, antiviral and immune responses, inflammation, and development and metabolism related pathways. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction network analysis found that BTV may contribute to abnormal spermatogenesis by reducing steroid biosynthesis. Finally, real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting results showed that the expression trends of differentially expressed RNAs were consistent with the whole-transcriptome sequencing data. Discussion this study provides more insights of comprehensive characterization of BTV-host interactome, and BTV infection and pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Lu
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuoyue Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Pei Zhu
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhenxing Yang
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhanhong Li
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huachun Li
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuoran Li
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Zhao Y, Liu G, Liang L, Yu Z, Zhang J, Zheng H, Dai L. Relationship of plasma MBP and 8-oxo-dG with brain damage in preterm. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1674-1681. [PMID: 36349194 PMCID: PMC9587527 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants face a significant risk of brain injury in the perinatal period, as well as potential long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities. However, preterm children with brain injury lack specific clinical manifestations in the early days. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of brain injury is of vital importance. This study was to explore the diagnostic efficiency of myelin basic protein (MBP) and 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) serum levels in brain injury of premature infants. A total of 75 preterm infants with gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks and birth weight higher than 1,000 g were prospectively included. MBP serum levels were significantly higher in premature infants with white matter injury (WMI). 8-oxo-dG serum levels were significantly increased in both WMI and periventricular–intraventricular hemorrhages (PIVH). MBP and 8-oxo-dG were significantly correlated. The area under the curve was 0.811 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.667–0.955; p = 0.002] in MBP and 0.729 (95% CI 0.562–0.897; p = 0.020) in 8-oxo-dG. Therefore, the results showed that high MBP levels indicated a possibility of WMI in the premature brain during the early postnatal period, while high 8-oxo-dG levels were closely related to both WMI and PIVH, thus suggesting that MBP and 8-oxo-dG could be used as potential neuro-markers of preterm brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhao
- Neonatology Department, Anhui Provincial Children Hospital , Hefei , China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- Neonatology Department, Anhui Provincial Children Hospital , Hefei , China
| | - Lei Liang
- Pulmonary Department, Anhui Provincial Children Hospital , Hefei , China
| | - Zaiwei Yu
- Neonatology Department, Fuyang First People’s Hospital , Fuyang , China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Neonatology Department, Anhui Provincial Children Hospital , Hefei , China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Neonatology Department, Anhui Provincial Children Hospital , Hefei , China
| | - Liying Dai
- Neonatology Department, Anhui Provincial Children Hospital , Hefei , China
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Noll C, Kandiah J, Moroy G, Gu Y, Dairou J, Janel N. Catechins as a Potential Dietary Supplementation in Prevention of Comorbidities Linked with Down Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:2039. [PMID: 35631180 PMCID: PMC9147372 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived polyphenols flavonoids are increasingly being recognized for their medicinal potential. These bioactive compounds derived from plants are gaining more interest in ameliorating adverse health risks because of their low toxicity and few side effects. Among them, therapeutic approaches demonstrated the efficacy of catechins, a major group of flavonoids, in reverting several aspects of Down syndrome, the most common genomic disorder that causes intellectual disability. Down syndrome is characterized by increased incidence of developing Alzheimer's disease, obesity, and subsequent metabolic disorders. In this focused review, we examine the main effects of catechins on comorbidities linked with Down syndrome. We also provide evidence of catechin effects on DYRK1A, a dosage-sensitive gene encoding a protein kinase involved in brain defects and metabolic disease associated with Down syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Noll
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Janany Kandiah
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR 8251 CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.K.); (Y.G.)
| | - Gautier Moroy
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, INSERM CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France;
| | - Yuchen Gu
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR 8251 CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.K.); (Y.G.)
| | - Julien Dairou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Nathalie Janel
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR 8251 CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.K.); (Y.G.)
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Farina M, Vieira LE, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. The Nrf2 Pathway in Ischemic Stroke: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:5001. [PMID: 34443584 PMCID: PMC8399750 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, characterized by the sudden loss of blood flow in specific area(s) of the brain, is the leading cause of permanent disability and is among the leading causes of death worldwide. The only approved pharmacological treatment for acute ischemic stroke (intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) has significant clinical limitations and does not consider the complex set of events taking place after the onset of ischemic stroke (ischemic cascade), which is characterized by significant pro-oxidative events. The transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates the expression of a great number of antioxidant and/or defense proteins, has been pointed as a potential pharmacological target involved in the mitigation of deleterious oxidative events taking place at the ischemic cascade. This review summarizes studies concerning the protective role of Nrf2 in experimental models of ischemic stroke, emphasizing molecular events resulting from ischemic stroke that are, in parallel, modulated by Nrf2. Considering the acute nature of ischemic stroke, we discuss the challenges in using a putative pharmacological strategy (Nrf2 activator) that relies upon transcription, translation and metabolically active cells in treating ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Brazil;
| | - Leonardo Eugênio Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Brazil;
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Nguyen V, Ameri K, Huynh K, Fredkin M, Grona R, Larpthaveesarp A, Gonzalez F, Yeghiazarians Y. Interleukin-15 modulates the response of cortical neurons to ischemia. Mol Cell Neurosci 2021; 115:103658. [PMID: 34343628 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2021.103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in the United States. Current acute stroke therapy consists of clot-dissolving drugs, catheter-based interventions and physical rehabilitation. To date, there are no therapies that directly enhance neuronal survival after a stroke. Previous work from our lab demonstrated that Interleukin-15 (IL-15) peptide could rescue cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia. We sought to extend these findings to cortical neurons since IL-15 has been implicated to have an important role in neuronal homeostasis. METHODS We have evaluated the effect of IL-15 peptide on primary cortical neurons derived from embryonic rats in vitro under conditions of anoxia and glucose deprivation, and in vivo following middle cerebral artery occlusion. RESULTS IL-15 administration rescued neuronal cells subjected to anoxia coupled with glucose deprivation (AGD), as well as with reoxygenation. A hallmark of stroke is the ischemic microenvironment and associated oxidative stress, which results in DNA damage and ER stress, both of which contribute to neuronal cell damage and death. The expression of anoxia, ER stress, and DNA damage factors/markers was evaluated via western blot and correlated with the cellular survival effects of IL-15 in vitro. In addition, IL-15 effect of alleviating ER stress and increasing cell survival was also observed in vivo. INTERPRETATION Our data indicate, for the first time, that administration of the pleiotropic factor IL-15 reduces neuronal cell death during AGD, which correlates with modulation of multiple cellular stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vien Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), USA.
| | - Kurosh Ameri
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), USA
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), USA
| | - Maxwell Fredkin
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), USA
| | - Reinier Grona
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), USA
| | | | | | - Yerem Yeghiazarians
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, USA
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Buranarom A, Navasumrit P, Ngaotepprutaram T, Ruchirawat M. Dichloromethane increases mutagenic DNA damage and transformation ability in cholangiocytes and enhances metastatic potential in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 346:109580. [PMID: 34280354 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dichloromethane (DCM), a widely used chlorinated solvent, is classified by IARC (2017) as probably carcinogenic to humans. Exposure to DCM has been associated with increased incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in humans. This study aimed to investigate how DCM could contribute to CCA development by investigating the effects of DCM on DNA damage and cell transformation in cholangiocytes (MMNK-1) and on metastatic potential as measured by invasion and cell migration in malignant CCA cell lines (HuCCA-1 and RMCCA-1). MMNK-1 cells treated with the non-cytotoxic concentration of DCM (25 μM, 24 h) significantly increased the levels of mutagenic DNA adducts including 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG, (1.84-fold, p < 0.01) and 8-nitroguanine (1.96-fold, p < 0.01) and enhanced cell transformation by 1.47-fold (p < 0.01). In addition, the expression of various genes involved in carcinogenesis, namely, NFE2L2 (antioxidative response), CXCL8 (inflammation), CDH1 (cell adhesion), MMP9 (tissue remodeling) and MKI67 (cell proliferation) were altered in cholangiocytes treated with DCM. When MMNK-1 cells were transformed by DCM, the expression of all the aforementioned genes was also increased. In malignant cell lines (HuCCA-1 and RMCCA-1), DCM treatment resulted in increased CXCL8 and MMP9 transcription and decreased CDH1 transcription accompanied by increased invasion and migration capabilities of these cells. Taken together, this study demonstrated that DCM exposure could be linked to the development of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angkhameen Buranarom
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, Thailand; Post-graduate Program in Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Thailand
| | - Panida Navasumrit
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, Thailand; Post-graduate Program in Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Thailand
| | | | - Mathuros Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Thailand.
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Li L, Peng L, Zhu J, Wu J, Zhao Y. [DJ-1 alleviates oxidative stress injury by activating the Nrf2 pathway in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:679-686. [PMID: 34134954 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.05.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the antioxidant effect of DJ-1 (Park7) in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and its potential mechanism. OBJECTIVE A total of 108 SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group, Scramble group, DJ-1 siRNA group, negative control (NC) group and DJ-1 overexpression group. Except for those in the sham group, all the rats were subjected to MCAO to establish models of cerebral IR injury. In DJ-1 siRNA and DJ-1 overexpression group, a DJ-1 siRNA and an adeno-associated virus vector carrying DJ-1 gene was injected into the lateral ventricle of the rats, respectively. In each group, neurological scores and brain water content were determined after the operation, and pathological changes of the brain tissue and neuronal injury in the cortical infarction area were assessed using HE and Nissl staining. Oxidative stress in the brain tissues was analyzed by detecting superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The expression levels of DJ-1, Nrf2, Ho-1 and NQO1 in the brain tissue were detected with Western blotting, and the expression and nucleation of Nrf2 was determined by immunofluorescence staining. OBJECTIVE Compared with those in MCAO group, the neurological scores (P < 0.001) and brain water content (P < 0.001) were significantly increased in DJ-1 siRNA group. Intracerebral injection of DJ-1 siRNA following MCAO obviously aggravated neuron injury in cerebral ischemia region, further reduced SOD activity and increased MDA content (P < 0.001), and significantly lowered the expression levels of Nrf2 and its downstream proteins HO-1 and NQO1 (P < 0.001). Intracerebral injection of the adenoviral vector for DJ-1 (P=0.003) overexpression significantly upregulated the levels of Nrf2 (P=0.006) and its downstream proteins HO-1 (P=0.004) and NQO1 (P=0.014). OBJECTIVE As an important neuroprotective factor, DJ-1 alleviates oxidative stress induced by cerebral IR injury in rats by activating the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Li
- Department of Pathology//Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - L Peng
- Institute of Neuroscience//Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - J Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience//Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience//Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience//Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Yang LY, Bhaskar K, Thompson J, Duval K, Torbey M, Yang Y. Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation reduced neuron-derived IL-1β and neuroinflammation in acute ischemic rat brain. BRAIN HEMORRHAGES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Liu Y, Hu XB, Zhang LZ, Wang Z, Fu R. Knockdown of Arginyl-tRNA Synthetase Attenuates Ischemia-Induced Cerebral Cortex Injury in Rats After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 12:147-163. [PMID: 32221863 PMCID: PMC7803708 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Some researchers have previously shown that RNAi knockdown of arginyl-tRNA synthetase (ArgRS) before or after a hypoxic injury can rescue animals from death, based on the model organism, C. elegans. However, there has been no study on the application of arginyl-tRNA synthetase knockdown in treating mammalian ischemic stroke, and its potential mechanism and effect on ischemic brain damage are still unknown. Here, we focused on the Rars gene, which encodes an arginyl-tRNA synthetase, and examined the effects of Rars knockdown in a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats. To achieve this aim, adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given right cerebral cortex injections of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) adenovirus (AV) particles to knock down arginyl-tRNA synthetase, and a non-targeting control (NTC) vector or phosphate-buffered solution served as the controls. After 4 days, the rats were exposed to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Then, the right cerebral cortex level of arginyl-tRNA synthetase was examined, and the effects of the Rars knockdown were evaluated by differences in infarction volume, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier, mitochondrial function, and glucose metabolism at 1 day and 3 days after MCAO. The injection of shRNA adenovirus particles successfully suppressed the expression of arginyl-tRNA synthetase in the cerebral cortex. We observed an improvement in oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and glucose utilization and a reduction in brain edema compared with the non-targeting control rats with suppressed expression of arginyl-tRNA synthetase mRNA in the ipsilateral ischemic cortex of the brain. Our findings indicate that knockdown of arginyl-tRNA synthetase in the cerebral cortex exerted neuroprotective effects, which were achieved not only by the improvement of oxidative stress and glucose utilization but also by the maintenance of mitochondrial morphological integrity and the preservation of mitochondrial function. Knockdown of ArgRS administration could be a promising approach to protect ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xue-Bin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Li-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Bassiouni W, Ali MAM, Schulz R. Multifunctional intracellular matrix metalloproteinases: implications in disease. FEBS J 2021; 288:7162-7182. [PMID: 33405316 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that were first discovered as proteases, which target and cleave extracellular proteins. During the past 20 years, however, intracellular roles of MMPs were uncovered and research on this new aspect of their biology expanded. MMP-2 is the first of this protease family to be reported to play a crucial intracellular role where it cleaves several sarcomeric proteins inside cardiac myocytes during oxidative stress-induced injury. Beyond MMP-2, currently at least eleven other MMPs are known to function intracellularly including MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-12, MMP-14, MMP-23 and MMP-26. These intracellular MMPs are localized to different compartments inside the cell including the cytosol, sarcomere, mitochondria, and the nucleus. Intracellular MMPs contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Cardiovascular renal disorders, inflammation, and malignancy are some examples. They also exert antiviral and bactericidal effects. Interestingly, MMPs can act intracellularly through both protease-dependent and protease-independent mechanisms. In this review, we will highlight the intracellular mechanisms of MMPs activation, their numerous subcellular locales, substrates, and roles in different pathological conditions. We will also discuss the future direction of MMP research and the necessity to exploit the knowledge of their intracellular targets and actions for the design of targeted inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Bassiouni
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mohammad A M Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York-Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Richard Schulz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Frolova AS, Petushkova AI, Makarov VA, Soond SM, Zamyatnin AA. Unravelling the Network of Nuclear Matrix Metalloproteinases for Targeted Drug Design. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E480. [PMID: 33352765 PMCID: PMC7765953 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that are responsible for the degradation of a wide range of extracellular matrix proteins, which are involved in many cellular processes to ensure the normal development of tissues and organs. Overexpression of MMPs has been observed to facilitate cellular growth, migration, and metastasis of tumor cells during cancer progression. A growing number of these proteins are being found to exist in the nuclei of both healthy and tumor cells, thus highlighting their localization as having a genuine purpose in cellular homeostasis. The mechanism underlying nuclear transport and the effects of MMP nuclear translocation have not yet been fully elucidated. To date, nuclear MMPs appear to have a unique impact on cellular apoptosis and gene regulation, which can have effects on immune response and tumor progression, and thus present themselves as potential therapeutic targets in certain types of cancer or disease. Herein, we highlight and evaluate what progress has been made in this area of research, which clearly has some value as a specific and unique way of targeting the activity of nuclear matrix metalloproteinases within various cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S. Frolova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.F.); (A.I.P.); (V.A.M.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Anastasiia I. Petushkova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.F.); (A.I.P.); (V.A.M.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Vladimir A. Makarov
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.F.); (A.I.P.); (V.A.M.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Surinder M. Soond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.F.); (A.I.P.); (V.A.M.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.F.); (A.I.P.); (V.A.M.); (S.M.S.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia
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Superoxide Dismutase Mimic, MnTE-2-PyP Enhances Rectal Anastomotic Strength in Rats after Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3509859. [PMID: 32351671 PMCID: PMC7178539 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3509859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Rectal cancer is one of the malignant diseases with high morbidity and mortality in the world. Currently, surgical resection is the main treatment method, and preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is widely used in clinical application to increase resectability and decrease the local recurrence rate. However, CRT increases the risk of colon anastomotic leak, and currently, there are no FDA approved treatments against this side effect. It is essential to develop new drugs to reduce postoperative anastomotic leak after preoperative CRT. Methods 90 rats underwent standard resection and intestine anastomosis treatment and were divided into six groups for different treatments. During the relaparotomy, bursting pressure of anastomosis was measured and intestinal segments were taken for histopathologic examination and biochemical analyses. RT-PCR and ELISA were applied to measure matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) mRNA and protein levels. Blood vessels were observed by immunohistochemistry, and collagen deposition was observed by Picrosirius Red staining. Results Preoperative CRT reduced the postoperative anastomotic strength. MnTE-2-PyP increased the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline levels of intestine anastomosis after CRT treatment. Mechanically, MnTE-2-PyP decreased the MMP levels and increased microvessel density (MVD) and collagen deposition. The MMP inhibitor doxycycline had a positive effect on anastomosis healing, but was inferior to MnTE-2-PyP. Conclusions MnTE-2-PyP enhanced intestine anastomotic strength in rats with preoperative CRT. Specifically, MnTE-2-PyP decreased MMP levels and increased MVD in anastomosis. Therefore, MnTE-2-PyP may be helpful in the prevention of anastomotic leak after preoperative CRT.
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18
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Zhang W, Zhu L, An C, Wang R, Yang L, Yu W, Li P, Gao Y. The blood brain barrier in cerebral ischemic injury – Disruption and repair. BRAIN HEMORRHAGES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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19
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Methylisothiazolinone induces apoptotic cell death via matrix metalloproteinase activation in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Qu S, Yang K, Chen L, Liu M, Geng Q, He X, Li Y, Liu Y, Tian J. Cinnamaldehyde, a Promising Natural Preservative Against Aspergillus flavus. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2895. [PMID: 31921070 PMCID: PMC6930169 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of food spoilage due to Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) needs to be resolved. In this study, we found that the minimum inhibitory concentration of cinnamaldehyde (CA) that inhibited A. flavus was 0.065 mg/ml and that corn can be prevented from spoiling at a concentration of 0.13 mg/cm3. In addition to inhibiting spore germination, mycelial growth, and biomass production, CA can also reduce ergosterol synthesis and can cause cytomembrane damage. Our intention was to elucidate the antifungal mechanism of CA. Flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and western blot were used to reveal that different concentrations of CA can cause a series of apoptotic events in A. flavus, including elevated Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ m ), the release of cytochrome c, the activation of metacaspase, phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, and DNA damage. Moreover, CA significantly increased the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (Mst3, Stm1, AMID, Yca1, DAP3, and HtrA2). In summary, our results indicate that CA is a promising antifungal agent for use in food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Qu
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kunlong Yang
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Man Liu
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingru Geng
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaona He
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yongguo Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Tian
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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Yang Q, Sun H, Wang X, Yu X, Zhang J, Guo B, Hexige S. Metabolic changes during malignant transformation in primary cells of oral lichen planus: Succinate accumulation and tumour suppression. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1179-1188. [PMID: 31793175 PMCID: PMC6991640 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is usually diagnosed at late stages, which leads to high morbidity. There are evidence that chronic inflammation (eg oral lichen planus [OLP]) was a risk factor of OSCC, but often misdiagnosed or ignored until invasion and metastasis. By applying precision medicine, the molecular microenvironment variations and relevant biomarkers for the malignant transformation from OLP to OSCC can be fully investigated. Several studies pointed out that the metabolic pathway were suppressed in OSCC. However, it remains unclear how the systemic profile of the metabolites change during the malignant transformation. In this study, we examined and compared the mucosa samples from 11 healthy individuals, 10 OLP patients and 21 OSCC patients. Based on the results, succinate, a key metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway, was accumulated in the primary cultured precancerous OLP keratinocytes and OSCC cells. Then, we found that succinate activated the hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α) pathway and induced apoptosis, which could also be up‐regulated by the tumour suppressor lncRNA MEG3. These results suggested the critical roles of succinate and MEG3 in the metabolic changes during malignant transformation from OLP to OSCC, which indicated that succinate, HIF1α and downstream proteins might serve as new biomarkers of precancerous OLP for early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. In addition, succinate or its prodrugs might become a potential therapy for the prevention or treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhen Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongying Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaxia Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuedi Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Saiyin Hexige
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Addepalli V, Suryavanshi SV. Catechin attenuates diabetic autonomic neuropathy in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1517-1523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Wang F, Cao Y, Ma L, Pei H, Rausch WD, Li H. Dysfunction of Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells: Prelude to Vascular Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:376. [PMID: 30505270 PMCID: PMC6250852 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, memory loss, and thinking or speech problems. VaD is usually caused by cerebrovascular disease, during which, cerebrovascular endothelial cells (CECs) are vulnerable. CEC dysfunction occurs before the onset of VaD and can eventually lead to dysregulation of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier damage, followed by the activation of glia and inflammatory environment in the brain. White matter, neuronal axons, and synapses are compromised in this process, leading to cognitive impairment. The present review summarizes the mechanisms underlying CEC impairment during hypoperfusion and pathological role of CECs in VaD. Through the comprehensive examination and summarization, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway, Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) signaling pathway, and CEC-derived caveolin-1 (CAV-1) are proposed to serve as targets of new drugs for the treatment of VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixue Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Pei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wolf Dieter Rausch
- Department for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen X, Patra A, Sadowska GB, Stonestreet BS. Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury Increases Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Metalloproteinase Inhibitors in Fetal Sheep Brain. Dev Neurosci 2018; 40:234-245. [PMID: 30048980 DOI: 10.1159/000489700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is a leading cause of neurodevelopmental morbidities in preterm and full-term infants. Blood-brain barrier dysfunction represents an important component of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a vital component of the blood-brain barrier. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are important ECM components. They contribute to brain development, blood-brain barrier maintenance, and to regenerative and repair processes after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. We hypothesized that ischemia at different durations of reperfusion affects the ECM protein composition of MMPs and TIMPs in the cerebral cortex of fetal sheep. Cerebral cortical samples were snap-frozen from sham control fetuses at 127 days of gestation and from fetuses after exposure to 30-min carotid occlusion and 4-, 24-, and 48-h of reperfusion. Protein expression of MMP-2, -8, -9, and -13 and TIMP-1, -2, -3, and -4 was measured by Western immunoblotting along with the gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by zymography. The expression of MMP-8 was increased (Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.04) in fetuses 48 h after ischemia. In contrast, changes were not observed in the protein expression of MMP-2, -9, or -13. The gelatinolytic activity of pro-MMP-2 was increased (ANOVA, p = 0.02, Tukey HSD, p = 0.05) 24 h after ischemia. TIMP-1 and -3 expression levels were also higher (TIMP-1, ANOVA, p = 0.003, Tukey HSD, p = 0.01; TIMP-3, ANOVA, p = 0.006, Tukey HSD, p = 0.01) 24 h after ischemia compared with both the sham controls and with fetuses exposed to 4 h of reperfusion. The changes in the expression of TIMP-1, -2, and -3 correlated with the changes in the MMP-8 and -13 protein expression. We speculate that regulation of MMP-8, MMP-13, and TIMPs contributes to ECM remodeling after is chemic-reperfusion injury in the fetal brain.
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Li H, Cui Y, Li F, Shi W, Gao W, Wang X, Zeng Q. Measuring the lactate-to-creatine ratio via 1H NMR spectroscopy can be used to noninvasively evaluate apoptosis in glioma cells after X-ray irradiation. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:27. [PMID: 29946338 PMCID: PMC6003206 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is among the commonly applied treatment options for glioma, which is one of the most common types of primary brain tumor. To evaluate the effect of radiotherapy noninvasively, it is vital for oncologists to monitor the effects of X-ray irradiation on glioma cells. Preliminary research had showed that PKC-ι expression correlates with tumor cell apoptosis induced by X-ray irradiation. It is also believed that the lactate-to-creatine (Lac/Cr) ratio can be used as a biomarker to evaluate apoptosis in glioma cells after X-ray irradiation. In this study, we evaluated the relationships between the Lac/Cr ratio, apoptotic rate, and protein kinase C iota (PKC-ι) expression in glioma cells. METHODS Cells of the glioma cell lines C6 and U251 were randomly divided into 4 groups, with every group exposed to X-ray irradiation at 0, 1, 5, 10 and 15 Gy. Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was conducted to evaluate the DNA damage. Flow cytometry was performed to measure the cell cycle blockage and apoptotic rates. Western blot analysis was used to detect the phosphorylated PKC-ι (p-PKC-ι) level. 1H NMR spectroscopy was employed to determine the Lac/Cr ratio. RESULTS The DNA damage increased in a radiation dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). With the increase in X-ray irradiation, the apoptotic rate also increased (C6, p < 0.01; U251, p < 0.05), and the p-PKC-ι level decreased (C6, p < 0.01; U251, p < 0.05). The p-PKC-ι level negatively correlated with apoptosis, whereas the Lac/Cr ratio positively correlated with the p-PKC-ι level. CONCLUSION The Lac/Cr ratio decreases with an increase in X-ray irradiation and thus can be used as a biomarker to reflect the effects of X-ray irradiation in glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Fuyan Li
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Wenqi Shi
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat- Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Gao
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Qingshi Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012 China
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Yan T, Venkat P, Chopp M, Zacharek A, Yu P, Ning R, Qiao X, Kelley MR, Chen J. APX3330 Promotes Neurorestorative Effects after Stroke in Type One Diabetic Rats. Aging Dis 2018; 9:453-466. [PMID: 29896433 PMCID: PMC5988600 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
APX3330 is a selective inhibitor of APE1/Ref-1 redox activity. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of APX3330 treatment in type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM) stroke rats. Adult male Wistar rats were induced with T1DM and subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and treated with either PBS or APX3330 (10mg/kg, oral gavage) starting at 24h after MCAo, and daily for 14 days. Rats were sacrificed at 14 days after MCAo and, blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability, ischemic lesion volume, immunohistochemistry, cell death assay, Western blot, real time PCR, and angiogenic ELISA array were performed. Compared to PBS treatment, APX3330 treatment of stroke in T1DM rats significantly improves neurological functional outcome, decreases lesion volume, and improves BBB integrity as well as decreases total vessel density and VEGF expression, while significantly increases arterial density in the ischemic border zone (IBZ). APX3330 significantly increases myelin density, oligodendrocyte number, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell number, synaptic protein expression, and induces M2 macrophage polarization in the IBZ of T1DM stroke rats. Compared to PBS treatment, APX3330 treatment significantly decreases plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts expression in the ischemic brain of T1DM stroke rats. APX3330 treatment significantly decreases cell death and MMP9 and PAI-1 gene expression in cultured primary cortical neurons subjected to high glucose and oxygen glucose deprivation, compared to untreated control cells. APX3330 treatment increases M2 macrophage polarization and decreases inflammatory factor expression in the ischemic brain as well as promotes neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects after stroke in T1DM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- 1Gerontology Institute, Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Poornima Venkat
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,3Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Alex Zacharek
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Peng Yu
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ruizhuo Ning
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,4Department of Neurology, First Hospital Harbin, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxi Qiao
- 5Department of Ophthalmology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mark R Kelley
- 6Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jieli Chen
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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Naphade S, Embusch A, Madushani KL, Ring KL, Ellerby LM. Altered Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Endogenous Inhibitors in a Human Isogenic Stem Cell Model of Huntington's Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 11:736. [PMID: 29459817 PMCID: PMC5807396 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive movement disorder, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairments. HD is caused by a CAG repeat expansion encoding a stretch of polyglutamine residues in the N-terminus of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein. Proteolytic processing of mHTT yields toxic fragments, which cause neurotoxicity and massive neuronal cell death predominantly in the striatum and cortex. Inhibition of mHTT cleavage reduces neuronal toxicity suggesting mHTT proteolysis contributes to HD pathogenesis. A previously conducted unbiased siRNA screen in our lab for known human proteases identified matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as modifiers of mHTT proteolysis and toxicity. To further study MMP activation in HD, isogenic HD, and control corrected (C116) neural stem cells (NSCs) prepared from HD patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells were used to examine the role of MMPs and their endogenous inhibitors in this highly relevant model system. We found altered expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 (gelatinases), MMP-3/10, and MMP-14, activity in HD-NSCs when compared to control C116-NSCs. Dysregulation in MMP activity was accompanied with concomitant changes in levels of endogenous inhibitors of MMPs, called tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Specifically, we observed decreased levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in HD-NSCs, suggesting part of the altered expression and activity of MMPs is due to lower abundance of these endogenous inhibitors. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed increased MMP/TIMP localization in the nucleus or aggregates of HD-NSCs, suggesting potential interaction with mHTT. TIMP-1 was found to associate with mHTT aggregates in discrete punctate structures in HD-NSCs. These events collectively contribute to increased neurotoxicity in HD. Previous characterization of these NSCs revealed transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway as the top dysregulated pathway in HD. TGF-β was significantly upregulated in HD-NSCs and addition of TGF-β to HD-NSCs was found to be neuroprotective. To determine if TGF-β regulated MMP and TIMP activity, C116- and HD-NSCs were exogenously treated with recombinant TGF-β. TIMP-1 levels were found to be elevated in response to TGF-β treatment, representing a potential mechanism through which elevated TGF-β levels confer neuroprotection in HD. Studying the mechanism of action of MMPs and TIMPs, and their interactions with mHTT in human isogenic patient-derived NSCs elucidates new mechanisms of HD neurotoxicity and will likely provide novel therapeutics for treatment of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Naphade
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Karen L Ring
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States.,California Institute of Regenerative Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Lisa M Ellerby
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
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Investigation of Mature BDNF and proBDNF Signaling in a Rat Photothrombotic Ischemic Model. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:637-649. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Nuclear matrix metalloproteinases: functions resemble the evolution from the intracellular to the extracellular compartment. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17036. [PMID: 28811933 PMCID: PMC5554797 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) is defined as an endopeptidase in the extracellular matrix (ECM), which plays essential roles in physiological processes such as organogenesis, wound healing, angiogenesis, apoptosis and motility. MMPs are produced and assembled in the cytoplasm as proenzymes with a cytoplasmic domain and require extracellular activation. MMPs can degrade receptors, extracellular matrix proteins, PARPs and release apoptotic substances. MMPs have been found in the cytosol, organelles and extracellular compartments and recently many types of MMPs have been found in the nucleus. However, the mechanisms and roles of MMPs inside the cell nucleus are still poorly understood. Here we summarized the nuclear localization mechanisms of MMPs and their functions in the nucleus such as apoptosis, tissue remodeling upon injury and cancer progression. Most importantly, we found that nuclear MMPs have evolved to translocate to membrane and target ECM possibly through evolution of nuclear localization signal (NLS), natural selection and anti-apoptotic survival. Thus, the knowledge about the evolution and regulation of nuclear MMPs appears to be essential in understanding a variety of cellular processes along with the development of MMP-targeted therapeutic drugs against the progression of certain diseases.
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30
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Jobin PG, Butler GS, Overall CM. New intracellular activities of matrix metalloproteinases shine in the moonlight. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:2043-2055. [PMID: 28526562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adaption of a single protein to perform multiple independent functions facilitates functional plasticity of the proteome allowing a limited number of protein-coding genes to perform a multitude of cellular processes. Multifunctionality is achievable by post-translational modifications and by modulating subcellular localization. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), classically viewed as degraders of the extracellular matrix (ECM) responsible for matrix protein turnover, are more recently recognized as regulators of a range of extracellular bioactive molecules including chemokines, cytokines, and their binders. However, growing evidence has convincingly identified select MMPs in intracellular compartments with unexpected physiological and pathological roles. Intracellular MMPs have both proteolytic and non-proteolytic functions, including signal transduction and transcription factor activity thereby challenging their traditional designation as extracellular proteases. This review highlights current knowledge of subcellular location and activity of these "moonlighting" MMPs. Intracellular roles herald a new era of MMP research, rejuvenating interest in targeting these proteases in therapeutic strategies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Matrix Metalloproteinases edited by Rafael Fridman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker G Jobin
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Georgina S Butler
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher M Overall
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Li H, Xu Y, Shi W, Li F, Zeng Q, Yi C. Assessment of alterations in X-ray irradiation-induced DNA damage of glioma cells by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 84:109-118. [PMID: 28122253 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common types of brain tumors. DNA damage is closely associated with glioma cell apoptosis induced by X-ray irradiation. Alterations of metabolites in glioma can be detected noninvasively by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. To noninvasively explore the micro mechanism in X-ray irradiation-induced apoptosis, the relationship between metabolites and DNA damage in glioma cells was investigated. Three glioma cell lines (C6, U87 and U251) were randomly designated as control (0Gy) and treatment groups (1, 5, 10, 15Gy). After X-ray exposure, each group was separated into four parts: (i) to detect metabolites by 1H NMR spectroscopy; (ii) to make cell colonies; (iii) to detect cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate by flow cytometry; and (iv) to measure DNA damage by comet assay. The metabolite ratios of lactate/creatine and succinate/creatine decreased (lactate/creatine: C6, 22.17-66.27%; U87, 15.93-44.56%; U251, 26.27-74.48%. succinate/creatine: C6, 14.41-48.35%; U87, 22.03-70.62%; U251, 17.33-60.06%) and choline/creatine increased (C6, 52.22-389.68%; U87, 56.15-82.36%; U251, 31.87-278.62%) in the treatment groups compared with the control group (each P<0.05), which linearly depended on DNA damage. An increasing dose of X-ray irradiation increased numbers of apoptotic cells (P<0.01), and the DNA damage parameters were dose-dependent (P<0.05). The colony-forming rate declined (P<0.01) and the percentage of cells at G1 stage increased when exposed to 1Gy X-ray (three cell lines, P<0.05). Metabolite alterations detected by 1H NMR spectroscopy can be used to determine DNA damage induced by X-ray irradiation. 1H NMR spectroscopy is a noninvasive method to predict DNA damage of glioma cell at the micro level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanjie Xu
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenqi Shi
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuyan Li
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingshi Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Cui Yi
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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32
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DeGracia DJ. Regulation of mRNA following brain ischemia and reperfusion. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2017; 8. [PMID: 28097803 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There is growing appreciation that mRNA regulation plays important roles in disease and injury. mRNA regulation and ribonomics occur in brain ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) following stroke and cardiac arrest and resuscitation. It was recognized over 40 years ago that translation arrest (TA) accompanies brain I/R and is now recognized as part of the intrinsic stress responses triggered in neurons. However, neuron death correlates to a prolonged TA in cells fated to undergo delayed neuronal death (DND). Dysfunction of mRNA regulatory processes in cells fated to DND prevents them from translating stress-induced mRNAs such as heat shock proteins. The morphological and biochemical studies of mRNA regulation in postischemic neurons are discussed in the context of the large variety of molecular damage induced by ischemic injury. Open issues and areas of future investigation are highlighted. A sober look at the molecular complexity of ischemia-induced neuronal injury suggests that a network framework will assist in making sense of this complexity. The ribonomic network sits between the gene network and the various protein and metabolic networks. Thus, targeting the ribonomic network may prove more effective at neuroprotection than targeting specific molecular pathways, for which all efforts have failed to the present time to stop DND in stroke and after cardiac arrest. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1415. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1415 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Tian X, Peng J, Zhong J, Yang M, Pang J, Lou J, Li M, An R, Zhang Q, Xu L, Dong Z. β-Caryophyllene protects in vitro neurovascular unit against oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation-induced injury. J Neurochem 2016; 139:757-768. [PMID: 27565895 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
β-Caryophyllene (BCP) mediates neuroprotection in cerebral ischemic animals. The neurovascular unit (NVU) acts as an intricate network to maintain the neuronal homeostatic microenvironment. However, the effects exerted by BCP on NVU remain unclear. Therefore, we established an in vitro NVU model to investigate the effects of BCP on oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-induced injury. This model involved the co-culture of brain microvascular endothelial cells, neurons, and astrocytes. BCP (10 μmol/L) was applied for 24 h prior to OGD/R and maintained throughout OGD/R. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and neuronal apoptosis were analyzed. BCP pre-treatment prior to the initiation of OGD/R significantly (i) decreased BBB permeability and neuronal apoptosis, (ii) mitigated oxidative stress damage and the release of inflammatory cytokines, (iii) down-regulated Bax expression, metalloproteinase-9 activity and expression, and (iv) up-regulated claudin-5, occludin, ZO-1, growth-associated protein-43 and Bcl-2 expression. Thus, BCP pre-treatment exerted multiple protective effects on NVU in the context of OGD/R-induced injury. These protective effects potentially occur via reductions in oxidative stress damage and inflammatory cytokines that induce BBB breakdown, subsequently resulting in reduced neuronal apoptosis. The NVU serves as putative therapeutic targets for cerebral ischemia, and the results of this study provide new insights for the application of BCP as a neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinwei Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jie Lou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruidi An
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Dong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
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