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Wu TY, Hsieh YC, Yin WR, Cheng KY, Hou YT. Fabrication of a decellularized liver matrix-based hepatic patch for the repair of CCl4-induced liver injury. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300570. [PMID: 38864387 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
This article primarily introduces a new treatment for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. We developed a hepatic patch by combining decellularized liver matrix (DLM) with the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/heparin-complex and evaluated its restorative efficacy. In vitro prophylactic results, the HGF/heparin-DLM patches effectively mitigated CCl4-induced hepatocyte toxicity and restored the cytotoxicity levels to the baseline levels by day 5. Furthermore, these patches restored albumin synthesis of injured hepatocytes to more than 70% of the normal levels within 5 days. In vitro therapeutic results, the urea synthesis of the injured hepatocytes reached 91% of the normal levels after 10 days of culture, indicating successful restoration of hepatic function by the HGF/heparin-DLM patches in both prophylactic and therapeutic models. In vivo results, HGF/heparin-DLM patches attached to the liver and gut exhibited a significant decrease in collagen content (4.44 times and 2.77 times, respectively) and an increase in glycogen content (1.19 times and 1.12 times, respectively) compared to the fibrosis group after 1 week, separately. In summary, liver function was restored and inflammation was inhibited through the combined effects of DLM and the HGF/heparin-complex in fibrotic liver. The newly designed hepatic patch holds promise for both in vitro and in vivo regeneration therapy and preventive health care for liver tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yi Wu
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Hsieh
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Rong Yin
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yi Cheng
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Te Hou
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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Han X, Lv Z, He M, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Wang T, Chen J, Liu Y, Hu D, Wu X, Zhai R, Huang H, Huang S. Effects of multiple metals exposure on abnormal liver function: The mediating role of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116283. [PMID: 38574647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Equilibration of metal metabolism is critical for normal liver function. Most epidemiological studies have only concentrated on the influence of limited metals. However, the single and synergistic impact of multiple-metal exposures on abnormal liver function (ALF) are still unknown. A cross-sectional study involving 1493 Chinese adults residing in Shenzhen was conducted. Plasma concentrations of 13 metals, including essential metals (calcium, copper, cobalt, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, and selenium) and toxic metals (aluminum, cadmium, arsenic, and thallium) were detected by the inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS). ALF was ascertained as any observed abnormality from albumin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and direct bilirubin. Diverse statistical methods were used to evaluate the single and mixture effect of metals, as well as the dose-response relationships with ALF risk, respectively. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of blood lipids in the relation of metal exposure with ALF. The average age of subjects was 59.7 years, and 56.7 % were females. Logistic regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression model consistently suggested that increased levels of arsenic, aluminum, manganese, and cadmium were related to elevated risk of ALF; while magnesium and zinc showed protective effects on ALF (all p-trend < 0.05). The grouped weighted quantile sum (GWQS) regression revealed that the WQS index of essential metals and toxic metals showed significantly negative or positive relationship with ALF, respectively. Aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, and manganese showed linear whilst magnesium and zinc showed non-linear dose-response relationships with ALF risk. Mediation analysis showed that LDL-c mediated 4.41 % and 14.74 % of the relationship of plasma cadmium and manganese with ALF, respectively. In summary, plasma aluminum, arsenic, manganese, cadmium, magnesium, and zinc related with ALF, and LDL-c might underlie the pathogenesis of ALF associated with cadmium and manganese exposure. This study may provide critical public health significances in liver injury prevention and scientific evidence for the establishment of environmental standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ziquan Lv
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Mei'an He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yuewei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xuli Wu
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Rihong Zhai
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen 518303, China
| | - Suli Huang
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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3
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Guo J, Chen S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Jiang L, Hu L, Yao K, Yu Y, Chen X. Cholesterol metabolism: physiological regulation and diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e476. [PMID: 38405060 PMCID: PMC10893558 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis is crucial for cellular and systemic function. The disorder of cholesterol metabolism not only accelerates the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) but is also the fundamental cause of other ailments. The regulation of cholesterol metabolism in the human is an extremely complex process. Due to the dynamic balance between cholesterol synthesis, intake, efflux and storage, cholesterol metabolism generally remains secure. Disruption of any of these links is likely to have adverse effects on the body. At present, increasing evidence suggests that abnormal cholesterol metabolism is closely related to various systemic diseases. However, the exact mechanism by which cholesterol metabolism contributes to disease pathogenesis remains unclear, and there are still unknown factors. In this review, we outline the metabolic process of cholesterol in the human body, especially reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Then, we discuss separately the impact of abnormal cholesterol metabolism on common diseases and potential therapeutic targets for each disease, including CVD, tumors, neurological diseases, and immune system diseases. At the end of this review, we focus on the effect of cholesterol metabolism on eye diseases. In short, we hope to provide more new ideas for the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases from the perspective of cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Guo
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Silong Chen
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
- Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Luyang Jiang
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Lidan Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthThe Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Yibo Yu
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
- Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
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4
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Gu H, Shi R, Xu C, Lv W, Hu X, Xu C, Pan Y, He X, Wu A, Li J. EGFR-Targeted Liposomes Combined with Ginsenoside Rh2 Inhibit Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Bioconjug Chem 2023. [PMID: 37235785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the most challenging breast cancer subtype due to its lack of targeted therapies and poor prognosis. In order to treat patients with these tumors, efforts have been made to explore feasible targets. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy is currently in clinical trials and regarded to be a promising treatment strategy. In this study, an EGFR-targeting nanoliposome (LTL@Rh2@Lipo-GE11) using ginsenoside Rh2 as a wall material was developed, in which GE11 was used as the EGFR-binding peptide to deliver more ginsenoside Rh2 and luteolin into TNBC. In comparison to non-targeted liposomes (Rh2@Lipo and LTL@Rh2@Lipo), the nanoliposomes LTL@Rh2@Lipo-GE11 demonstrated a high specificity to MDA-MB-231 cells that expressed a high level of EGFR both in vitro and in vivo, contributing to the strong inhibitory effects on the growth and migration of TNBC. These results suggest that LTL@Rh2@Lipo-GE11 is a prospective candidate for targeted therapy of TNBC, with a remarkable capability to inhibit tumor development and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Gu
- Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Forestry Research Center of Kunming, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Forestry Research Center of Kunming, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wenhao Lv
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xueyin Hu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Canxin Xu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yuanbo Pan
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiahong He
- Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Forestry Research Center of Kunming, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Juan Li
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
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5
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Palestino-Domínguez M, Escobedo-Calvario A, Salas-Silva S, Vergara-Mendoza M, Souza-Arroyo V, Lazzarini R, Miranda-Labra R, Bucio-Ortiz L, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Gomez-Quiroz LE. Erk1/2 signaling mediates the HGF-induced protection against ethanol and acetaldehyde-induced toxicity in the pancreatic RINm5F cell line. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23302. [PMID: 36636782 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol-induced pancreas damage remains as one of the main risk factors for pancreatitis development. This disorder is poorly understood, particularly the effect of acetaldehyde, the primary alcohol metabolite, in the endocrine pancreas. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a protective protein in many tissues, displaying antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and proliferative responses. In the present work, we were focused on characterizing the response induced by HGF and its protective mechanism in the RINm5F pancreatic cell line treated with ethanol and acetaldehyde. RINm5F cells were treated with ethanol or acetaldehyde for 12 h in the presence or not of HGF (50 ng/ml). Cells under HGF treatment decreased the content of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation induced by both toxics, improving cell viability. This effect was correlated to an improvement in insulin expression impaired by ethanol and acetaldehyde. Using a specific inhibitor of Erk1/2 abrogated the effects elicited by the growth factor. In conclusion, the work provides mechanistic evidence of the HGF-induced-protective response to the alcohol-induced damage in the main cellular component of the endocrine pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayrel Palestino-Domínguez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Escobedo-Calvario
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Soraya Salas-Silva
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Moises Vergara-Mendoza
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Veronica Souza-Arroyo
- Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Lazzarini
- Departamento de Biología de la Repducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana Miranda-Labra
- Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leticia Bucio-Ortiz
- Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis E Gomez-Quiroz
- Area de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
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6
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Koldemir Gündüz M. BGM, a Newly Synthesised Boron Compound, Induces Apoptosis and Reduces Oxidative Stress by Inhibiting Lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via PPARγ and CTRP3. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4807-4816. [PMID: 35508889 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03261-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The rapidly increasing prevalence of obesity makes it a global health problem, while treatment options remain limited. Given the potential of boron in the treatment of obesity, the aim of this study is to investigate the anti-adipogenic activity of the newly synthesised boron glycine monoester compound (BGM) using 3T3-L1 adipocytes by analysing lipid accumulation, CTRP3 and PPARy gene expression, oxidative stress and apoptotic effects. 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells (ATCC® CL-173) were transformed into adipocyte cells in vitro. Fat accumulation in the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells was detected by Oil Red O staining. Gene expression levels were determined with qPCR. Biochemical analyzes were performed using spectrophotometric method (CAT, ALP and ACP) and ELISA kit (TAS, TOS, NADP-IDH). Apoptosis studies were performed on the muse cell nalyser using the Muse Annexin V & Dead Cell Assay Kit. When BGM-treated cells were compared to control adipocyte cells, lipid accumulation decreased in a dose-dependent manner. BGM-treated adipocyte cells had higher CTRP3 expression levels and lower PPAR-γ gene expression levels compared to control adipocyte cells (p < 0.001). While BGM application increased the TAS level, it showed an antioxidant effect by regulating the activity of oxidative metabolism enzymes (p < 0.001). BGM application increased total apoptosis by 1.5-fold. These results show that BGM is a potential therapeutic agent for obesity by regulating the expression of genes related to adipogenesis and lipogenesis in adipocyte cells and by affecting the activity of enzymes of oxidative metabolism and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meliha Koldemir Gündüz
- Department of Basic Sciences of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey.
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Fatty Hepatocytes Induce Skeletal Muscle Atrophy In Vitro: A New 3D Platform to Study the Protective Effect of Albumin in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050958. [PMID: 35625696 PMCID: PMC9139027 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver neutralizes endogenous and exogenous toxins and metabolites, being metabolically interconnected with many organs. Numerous clinical and experimental studies show a strong association between Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and loss of skeletal muscle mass known as sarcopenia. Liver transplantation solves the hepatic-related insufficiencies, but it is unable to revert sarcopenia. Knowing the mechanism(s) by which different organs communicate with each other is crucial to improve the drug development that still relies on the two-dimensional models. However, those models fail to mimic the pathological features of the disease. Here, both liver and skeletal muscle cells were encapsulated in gelatin methacryloyl and carboxymethylcellulose to recreate the disease’s phenotype in vitro. The 3D hepatocytes were challenged with non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) inducing features of Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) such as lipid accumulation, metabolic activity impairment and apoptosis. The 3D skeletal muscle tissues incubated with supernatant from fatty hepatocytes displayed loss of maturation and atrophy. This study demonstrates the connection between the liver and the skeletal muscle in NAFL, narrowing down the players for potential treatments. The tool herein presented was employed as a customizable 3D in vitro platform to assess the protective effect of albumin on both hepatocytes and myotubes.
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8
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Sex-specific alterations in hepatic cholesterol metabolism in low birth weight adult guinea pigs. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:1078-1089. [PMID: 34230622 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight (LBW) have been widely reported as an independent risk factor for adult hypercholesterolaemia and increased hepatic cholesterol in a sex-specific manner. However, the specific impact of uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI), a leading cause of LBW in developed world, on hepatic cholesterol metabolism in later life, is ill defined and is clinically relevant in understanding later life liver metabolic health trajectories. METHODS Hepatic cholesterol, transcriptome, cholesterol homoeostasis regulatory proteins, and antioxidant markers were studied in UPI-induced LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) male and female guinea pigs at 150 days. RESULTS Hepatic free and total cholesterol were increased in LBW versus NBW males. Transcriptome analysis of LBW versus NBW livers revealed that "cholesterol metabolism" was an enriched pathway in LBW males but not in females. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and cytochrome P450 7A1 protein, involved in hepatic cholesterol efflux and catabolism, respectively, and catalase activity were decreased in LBW male livers. Superoxide dismutase activity was reduced in LBW males but increased in LBW females. CONCLUSIONS UPI environment is associated with a later life programed hepatic cholesterol accumulation via impaired cholesterol elimination in a sex-specific manner. These programmed alterations could underlie later life cholesterol-induced hepatic lipotoxicity in LBW male offspring. IMPACT Low birth weight (LBW) is a risk factor for increased hepatic cholesterol. Uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) resulting in LBW increased hepatic cholesterol content, altered hepatic expression of cholesterol metabolism-related genes in young adult guinea pigs. UPI-induced LBW was also associated with markers of a compromised hepatic cholesterol elimination process and failing antioxidant system in young adult guinea pigs. These changes, at the current age studied, were sex-specific, only being observed in LBW males and not in LBW females. These programmed alterations could lead to further hepatic damage and greater predisposition to liver diseases in UPI-induced LBW male offspring as they age.
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9
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Simoni-Nieves A, Clavijo-Cornejo D, Salas-Silva S, Escobedo-Calvario A, Bucio L, Souza V, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Miranda-Labra RU, Gomez-Quiroz LE. HGF/c-Met regulates p22 phox subunit of the NADPH oxidase complex in primary mouse hepatocytes by transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. Ann Hepatol 2022; 25:100339. [PMID: 33675999 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2021.100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES It is well-known that signaling mediated by the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-Met in the liver is involved in the control of cellular redox status and oxidative stress, particularly through its ability to induce hepatoprotective gene expression by activating survival pathways in hepatocytes. It has been reported that HGF can regulate the expression of some members of the NADPH oxidase family in liver cells, particularly the catalytic subunits and p22phox. In the present work we were focused to characterize the mechanism of regulation of p22phox by HGF and its receptor c-Met in primary mouse hepatocytes as a key determinant for cellular redox regulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary mouse hepatocytes were treated with HGF (50 ng/mL) at different times. cyba expression (gene encoding p22phox) or protein content were addressed by real time RT-PCR, Western blot or immunofluorescence. Protein interactions were explored by immunoprecipitation and FRET analysis. RESULTS Our results provided mechanistic information supporting the transcriptional repression of cyba induced by HGF in a mechanism dependent of NF-κB activity. We identified a post-translational regulation mechanism directed by p22phox degradation by proteasome 26S, and a second mechanism mediated by p22phox sequestration by c-Met in plasma membrane. CONCLUSION Our data clearly show that HGF/c-Met exerts regulation of the NADPH oxidase by a wide-range of molecular mechanisms. NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species regulated by HGF/c-Met represents one of the main mechanisms of signal transduction elicited by this growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Simoni-Nieves
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Denise Clavijo-Cornejo
- División de Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas y Reumáticas, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Soraya Salas-Silva
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Escobedo-Calvario
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leticia Bucio
- Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Verónica Souza
- Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana U Miranda-Labra
- Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Luis E Gomez-Quiroz
- Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, IIB, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico.
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10
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Liedtke C, Nevzorova YA, Luedde T, Zimmermann H, Kroy D, Strnad P, Berres ML, Bernhagen J, Tacke F, Nattermann J, Spengler U, Sauerbruch T, Wree A, Abdullah Z, Tolba RH, Trebicka J, Lammers T, Trautwein C, Weiskirchen R. Liver Fibrosis-From Mechanisms of Injury to Modulation of Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:814496. [PMID: 35087852 PMCID: PMC8787129 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.814496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transregional Collaborative Research Center "Organ Fibrosis: From Mechanisms of Injury to Modulation of Disease" (referred to as SFB/TRR57) was funded for 13 years (2009-2021) by the German Research Council (DFG). This consortium was hosted by the Medical Schools of the RWTH Aachen University and Bonn University in Germany. The SFB/TRR57 implemented combined basic and clinical research to achieve detailed knowledge in three selected key questions: (i) What are the relevant mechanisms and signal pathways required for initiating organ fibrosis? (ii) Which immunological mechanisms and molecules contribute to organ fibrosis? and (iii) How can organ fibrosis be modulated, e.g., by interventional strategies including imaging and pharmacological approaches? In this review we will summarize the liver-related key findings of this consortium gained within the last 12 years on these three aspects of liver fibrogenesis. We will highlight the role of cell death and cell cycle pathways as well as nutritional and iron-related mechanisms for liver fibrosis initiation. Moreover, we will define and characterize the major immune cell compartments relevant for liver fibrogenesis, and finally point to potential signaling pathways and pharmacological targets that turned out to be suitable to develop novel approaches for improved therapy and diagnosis of liver fibrosis. In summary, this review will provide a comprehensive overview about the knowledge on liver fibrogenesis and its potential therapy gained by the SFB/TRR57 consortium within the last decade. The kidney-related research results obtained by the same consortium are highlighted in an article published back-to-back in Frontiers in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yulia A Nevzorova
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tom Luedde
- Medical Faculty, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Henning Zimmermann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniela Kroy
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Berres
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München (KUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacob Nattermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Spengler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tilman Sauerbruch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Wree
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zeinab Abdullah
- Institute for Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - René H Tolba
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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11
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Zhang R, Yin L, Chen J, Zhang X. Antioxidant Capacity of Proteins and Hydrolysates from the Liver of Newborn Piglets, and Their Inhibitory Effects on Steatosis in vitro. Food Technol Biotechnol 2021; 58:455-464. [PMID: 33505208 PMCID: PMC7821780 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.58.04.20.6657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Research background Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is a potentially progressive hepatic disorder that can lead to end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. The inhibitory effects of proteins and hydrolysates from the liver of newborn piglets on hepatic steatosis in oleic acid-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells were investigated in vitro. Experimental approach The extracted proteins from the liver of newborn piglets were hydrolysed with papain, pepsin, trypsin and Alcalase. Based on the comparison of different enzyme digestion conditions, a protein hydrolysis protocol was established to obtain hydrolysates with lipid-lowering effect. Results and conclusions Trypsin-digested liver protein hydrolysate from newborn piglets exhibited strong antioxidant activity and good inhibitory effects against lipogenesis and cholesterol accumulation in HepG2 cells at the concentration of 150 μg/mL, with a triglyceride decrease of (43±3) % and cholesterol decrease of (31±5) %, compared with model group induced with 0.75 mM oleic acid. The addition of trypsin-digested liver protein hydrolysate from newborn piglets (300 μg/mL) decreased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities and increased superoxide dismutase activity. Novelty and scientific contribution This study demonstrated that the trypsin-digested liver protein hydrolysate from newborn piglets has a potential preventive effect against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in its early stage, and a potential use as the modulator of lipid overaccumulation in form of food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wshan Road 381, 510640 Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lasheng Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wshan Road 381, 510640 Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wshan Road 381, 510640 Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xuewu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wshan Road 381, 510640 Guangzhou, PR China
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12
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Rizvi F, Everton E, Smith AR, Liu H, Osota E, Beattie M, Tam Y, Pardi N, Weissman D, Gouon-Evans V. Murine liver repair via transient activation of regenerative pathways in hepatocytes using lipid nanoparticle-complexed nucleoside-modified mRNA. Nat Commun 2021; 12:613. [PMID: 33504774 PMCID: PMC7840919 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of intrinsic liver regeneration is an unmet need that can be achieved by temporally activating key hepatocyte regenerative pathways. Here, we establish an efficient, safe, non-integrative method to transiently express hepatocyte-growth-factor (HGF) and epidermal-growth-factor (EGF) in hepatocytes via nucleoside-modified, lipid-nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA (mRNA-LNP) delivery in mice. We confirm specific hepatotropism of mRNA-LNP via intravenous injection of firefly luciferase encoding mRNA-LNP, with protein expression lasting about 3 days. In the liver, virtually all hepatocytes are transfected along with a subpopulation of endothelial and Kupffer cells. In homeostasis, HGF mRNA-LNP efficiently induce hepatocyte proliferation. In a chronic liver injury mouse model recapitulating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, injections of both HGF and EGF mRNA-LNP sharply reverse steatosis and accelerate restoration of liver function. Likewise, HGF and EGF mRNA-LNP accelerate liver regeneration after acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury with rapid return to baseline ALT levels. This study introduces mRNA-LNP as a potentially translatable safe therapeutic intervention to harness liver regeneration via controlled expression of endogenous mitogens in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Rizvi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and the Section of Gastroenterology of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Elissa Everton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and the Section of Gastroenterology of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Anna R Smith
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and the Section of Gastroenterology of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Hua Liu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and the Section of Gastroenterology of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Elizabeth Osota
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and the Section of Gastroenterology of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | | | - Ying Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Valerie Gouon-Evans
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and the Section of Gastroenterology of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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13
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Wang X, Dong LY, Gai QJ, Ai WL, Wu Y, Xiao WC, Zhang J, An W. Lack of Augmenter of Liver Regeneration Disrupts Cholesterol Homeostasis of Liver in Mice by Inhibiting the AMPK Pathway. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:1149-1167. [PMID: 32766475 PMCID: PMC7395071 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that excessive cholesterol accumulation within hepatocytes deteriorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) has been reported to alleviate NAFLD through anti-apoptosis; however, whether ALR could protect liver from cholesterol-induced NAFLD remains unclear. Mice with heterozygous deletion of Gfer (the gene for ALR, Gfer +/-) were generated, and liver steatosis was induced by either choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented, methionine choline-deficient diet for 4 weeks, or high-fat diet for 16 weeks. The results showed that Gfer +/- mice developed a more severe fatty liver phenotype than Gfer +/+ mice. The livers of Gfer +/- mice exhibited a higher concentration of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein compared with the normal mice. Transcriptome-based analysis predicts low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) primarily involved in the metabolic pathway. The experiments further indicate that cholesterol accumulation within hepatocytes is closely associated with enhancing the expression of LDLR and activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2). Because adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a critical regulator of SREBP2 activation, we measured whether the activity of AMPK was regulated by ALR. We found that knockdown of ALR expression inhibited the phosphorylation of LKB1, an upstream activator of AMPK, followed by AMPK inactivation and SREBP2 maturation/nuclear translocation, leading to extensive cholesterol accumulation. Meanwhile, cellular oxidative stress increased as a result of ALR knockdown, indicating that ALR might also have a role in suppressing reactive oxygen species production. Conclusion: Our results confirm that ALR regulates cholesterol metabolism and alleviates hepatic steatosis probably through the LKB1-AMPK-SREBP2-LDLR pathway in vivo and in vitro, providing a putative mechanism for combating fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Cell Biology Capital Medical University and the Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration Beijing China
| | - Ling-Yue Dong
- Department of Cell Biology Capital Medical University and the Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration Beijing China
| | - Qu-Jing Gai
- Department of Cell Biology Capital Medical University and the Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration Beijing China
| | - Wei-Lun Ai
- Department of Cell Biology Capital Medical University and the Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration Beijing China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Cell Biology Capital Medical University and the Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration Beijing China
| | - Wei-Chun Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology Capital Medical University and the Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration Beijing China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology Capital Medical University and the Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration Beijing China
| | - Wei An
- Department of Cell Biology Capital Medical University and the Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration Beijing China
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14
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Tarantino G, Citro V, Conforti P, Balsano C, Capone D. Is There a Link between Basal Metabolic Rate, Spleen Volume and Hepatic Growth Factor Levels in Patients with Obesity-Related NAFLD? J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101510. [PMID: 31547124 PMCID: PMC6832562 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent pieces of research point to a link between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or hepatic steatosis (HS). The spleen in obese patients is associated with the cardiovascular system. Enlargement of the spleen is suggestive of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Patients with NASH present an increase in growth factor (HGF) as well as those with advanced heart failure. Interleukin-16 and interleukin-12p40 levels were found to correlate significantly with BMI, and waist circumference. Aim: We tried to find a relationship between BMR, spleen length and HGF. Methods: We analysed retrospective data from 80 obese patients with NAFLD. We evaluated indices of indirect calorimetry by the bioimpendance analysis; carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), spleen length (SLD) and HS by ultrasonography; serum HGF, IL-16, IL-12p40 and IL-6 concentrations by a magnetic bead-based multiplex immunoassays and the severity of NAFLD by BARD score > 2. Results: HGF levels of the obese were higher than those of controls, p < 0.001. At linear regression, BMR was foreseen by spleen length (p < 0.001), which was predicted by HGF (p = 0.04). BMR was predicted by IL-16 (p = 0.005), which predicted HGF, p = 0.034. Only fat mass, among other factors, predicted early atherosclerosis, p = 0.017; IL-12p40 did not predict IMT, HGF and BMR (p = 0.57, 0.09 and 0.59, respectively). The BARD score > 2 was negatively predicted by BMR and FFM (p =0.032 and 0.031, respectively), at the logistic regression. Interesting findings at the extended regression (mediation effect) were: IL-16 was likely causal in predicting BMR by HGF levels; HGF was influential in predicting BMR by SLD level. HS was predicted by SLD in males (p = 0.014), of advanced age (p < 0.001) and by BMR (p < 0.001). IL-6 concentrations, but not BMR were influential in the prediction of HS by SLD. Conclusion: These data reinforce the concept that the immune system is a sensor of the metabolic state, showing a link between HGF levels and BMR, which is mediated by IL-16 (cytokine inducing a cascade of inflammatory factors), and ascertaining the influential effect of the spleen, as main immune organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, 80131 Napoli NA, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Citro
- Department of General Medicine, "Umberto I" Hospital, Nocera Inferiore (Sa), 84014 Nocera Inferiore SA, Italy.
| | - Paolo Conforti
- "Federico II" University Medical School of Naples, 80131 Napoli NA, Italy.
| | - Clara Balsano
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Life, Health & Environmental Sciences-MESVA, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila AQ, Italy.
| | - Domenico Capone
- Care Department of Public Health and Drug-Use, Section of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Federico II" University, 80131 Naples NA, Italy.
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15
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Brazhnikov DA, Popova TN, Kryl Skii ED, Shulgin KK, Matasova LV, Shikhaliev HS, Popov SS. [Effect of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline on the intensity of free radical processes and the activity of oxidative metabolism enzymes under toxic liver injury in rats]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2019; 65:331-338. [PMID: 31436175 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20196504331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline on markers of hepatocytes cytolysis (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), parameters reflecting the state of oxidative status (intensity of biochemical luminescence and the content of diene conjugates), and the activity of oxidative metabolism enzymes (aconitate hydratase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase) was studied in rats with CCl4-induced liver injury. The results obtained in the course of the work demonstrated the ability of the test compound to reduce the severity of oxidative stress and liver cells damage, as well as to change the activity of aconitate hydratase and NADP-generating enzymes in the direction of control values. 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline was more effective in normalizing CCl4-induced changes of the analyzed parameters that Carsil used as a reference compound. The tendency to normalize the state of oxidative status and enzyme activity of oxidative metabolism can attributed to hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of the tested compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T N Popova
- Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - S S Popov
- Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh, Russia
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16
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Domínguez-Pérez M, Simoni-Nieves A, Rosales P, Nuño-Lámbarri N, Rosas-Lemus M, Souza V, Miranda RU, Bucio L, Uribe Carvajal S, Marquardt JU, Seo D, Gomez-Quiroz LE, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC. Cholesterol burden in the liver induces mitochondrial dynamic changes and resistance to apoptosis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7213-7223. [PMID: 30239004 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a broad spectrum of histopathological changes ranging from non-inflammatory intracellular fat deposition to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may progress into hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent data suggest that impaired hepatic cholesterol homeostasis and its accumulation are relevant to the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH. Despite a vital physiological function of cholesterol, mitochondrial dysfunction is an important consequence of dietary-induced hypercholesterolemia and was, subsequently, linked to many pathophysiological conditions. The aim in the current study was to evaluate the morphological and molecular changes of cholesterol overload in mouse liver and particularly, in mitochondria, induced by a high-cholesterol (HC) diet for one month. Histopathological studies revealed microvesicular hepatic steatosis and significantly elevated levels of liver cholesterol and triglycerides leading to impaired liver synthesis. Further, high levels of oxidative stress could be determined in liver tissue as well as primary hepatocyte culture. Transcriptomic changes induced by the HC diet involved disruption in key pathways related to cell death and oxidative stress as well as upregulation of genes related to glutathione homeostasis. Impaired liver function could be associated with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content and significant alterations in mitochondrial dynamics. We demonstrate that cholesterol overload in the liver leads to mitochondrial changes which may render damaged hepatocytes proliferative and resistant to cell death whereby perpetuating liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Domínguez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México.,Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México.,Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, México
| | - Arturo Simoni-Nieves
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México.,Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México
| | - Patricia Rosales
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México
| | - Natalia Nuño-Lámbarri
- Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Fundación Clínica Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica Rosas-Lemus
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, México City, Mexico
| | - Verónica Souza
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/ Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana U Miranda
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/ Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leticia Bucio
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/ Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Salvador Uribe Carvajal
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, México City, Mexico
| | - Jens U Marquardt
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daekwan Seo
- Bioinformatics Department, Macrogen Corp, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Luis E Gomez-Quiroz
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/ Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, México.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/ Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
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17
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López-Reyes A, Clavijo-Cornejo D, Fernández-Torres J, Medina-Luna D, Estrada-Villaseñor EG, Gómez-Quiroz LE, Gutiérrez M, Granados J, Vargas-Alarcón G, Pineda C, García H, Morales-Garza LA, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Martínez-Flores K. Fast Morphological Gallbladder Changes Triggered by a Hypercholesterolemic Diet. Ann Hepatol 2018; 17:857-863. [PMID: 30145572 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Obesity is a worldwide epidemic problem, described as a risk factor for hepatic diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and other pathologies related to development of cholesterol crystals and cholesterol gallbladder stones. It has been reported that cholesterol overload may cause hepatic damage; however, little is known about the effects of an acute hypercholesterolemic diet on the gallbladder. The aim of this manuscript was to evaluate the impact of a cholesterol-rich diet on the gallbladder. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included ten eight-week-old C57BL6 male mice, which were divided into two study groups and fed different diets for 48 h: a hypercholesterolemic diet and a balanced Chow diet. After 48 h, the mice were analyzed by US with a Siemens Acuson Antares equipment. Mice were subsequently sacrificed to carry out a cholesterol analysis with a Refloton System (Roche), a crystal analysis with a Carl Zeiss microscope with polarized light, and a histological analysis with Hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS The hypercholesterolemic diet induced an increase in gallbladder size and total cholesterol content in the bile, along with important histological changes. CONCLUSION Cholesterol overloads not only trigger hepatic damage, but also affect the gallbladder significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto López-Reyes
- Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases Division (Synovial Fluid Laboratory). National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Denise Clavijo-Cornejo
- Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases Division (Synovial Fluid Laboratory). National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Fernández-Torres
- Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases Division (Synovial Fluid Laboratory). National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Medina-Luna
- Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases Division (Synovial Fluid Laboratory). National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erendida G Estrada-Villaseñor
- Pathology Service. National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis E Gómez-Quiroz
- Department of Health Sciences. Autonomous Metropolitan University, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marwin Gutiérrez
- Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases Division (Synovial Fluid Laboratory). National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio Granados
- Transplantation Department. National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán, Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Molecular Biology Department. National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Pineda
- Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases Division (Synovial Fluid Laboratory). National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hiram García
- Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases Division (Synovial Fluid Laboratory). National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico
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18
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Palestino-Dominguez M, Pelaez-Luna M, Lazzarini-Lechuga R, Rodriguez-Ochoa I, Souza V, Miranda RU, Perez-Aguilar B, Bucio L, Marquardt JU, Gomez-Quiroz LE, Gutierrez-Ruiz MC. Recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor provides protective effects in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9354-9364. [PMID: 29341114 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a multifactorial disease associated with profound changes of the pancreas induced by release of digestive enzymes that lead to increase in proinflammatory cytokine production, excessive tissue necrosis, edema, and bleeding. Elevated levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-Met have been observed in different chronic and acute pancreatic diseases including experimental models of acute pancreatitis. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects induced by the recombinant human HGF in a mouse model of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. Pancreatitis was induced by 8 hourly administrations of supramaximal cerulein injections (50 µg/kg, ip). HGF treatment (20 µg/kg, iv), significantly attenuated lipase content and amylase activity in serum as well as the degree inflammation and edema overall leading to less severe histologic changes such as necrosis, induced by cerulein. Protective effects of HGF were associated with activation of pro-survival pathways such as Akt, Erk1/2, and Nrf2 and increase in executor survival-related proteins and decrease in pro-apoptotic proteins. In addition, ROS content and lipid peroxidation were diminished, and glutathione synthesis increased in pancreas. Systemic protection was observed by lung histology. In conclusion, our data indicate that HGF exerts an Nrf2 and glutathione-mediated protective effect on acute pancreatitis reflected by a reduction in inflammation, edema, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayrel Palestino-Dominguez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Pelaez-Luna
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Lazzarini-Lechuga
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Rodriguez-Ochoa
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Veronica Souza
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM/ Instituto nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana U Miranda
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM/ Instituto nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Perez-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leticia Bucio
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM/ Instituto nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jens U Marquardt
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luis Enrique Gomez-Quiroz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM/ Instituto nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Concepcion Gutierrez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM/ Instituto nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
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19
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Rosales-Cruz P, Domínguez-Pérez M, Reyes-Zárate E, Bello-Monroy O, Enríquez-Cortina C, Miranda-Labra R, Bucio L, Gómez-Quiroz LE, Rojas-Del Castillo E, Gutiérrez-Ruíz MC, Souza-Arroyo V. Cadmium exposure exacerbates hyperlipidemia in cholesterol-overloaded hepatocytes via autophagy dysregulation. Toxicology 2018; 398-399:41-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Yang YM, Fukui M, Wang Z, Miao F, Karriker MJ, Seki E. Interventional Potential of Recombinant Feline Hepatocyte Growth Factor in a Mouse Model of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:378. [PMID: 30083132 PMCID: PMC6064873 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a multifunctional pleiotropic protein involved in tissue regeneration, protection, angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic responses, and tumorigenesis, through binding to its receptor MET. Recombinant HGF protein has been shown to mitigate various liver disease models, such as alcohol-induced liver injury, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, and fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-lipogenic effects of exogenous administration of feline HGF on a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse model. Methods: Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed a choline-deficient amino acid defined (CDAA) diet for 3 weeks to create the mouse model of NASH, which displays hepatic steatosis, inflammation, injury, and very mild fibrosis. One mg/kg of recombinant feline HGF was administered intravenously daily in the last 7 days of the total 3 weeks of CDAA diet feeding. Then, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, injury, and fibrogenic gene expression was examined. Results: After 3 weeks of a CDAA diet-feeding, the vehicle-treated mice exhibited evident deposition of lipid droplets in hepatocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hepatocyte ballooning along with increased serum ALT levels whereas recombinant HGF-treated mice showed reduced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and ballooned hepatocytes with a reduction of serum ALT levels. Recombinant HGF administration promoted hepatocyte proliferation. Increased hepatic lipid accumulation was accompanied by elevated expression of lipogenesis genes Fasn and Dgat1 in vehicle-treated mice. In HGF-treated mice, these genes were reduced with a decrease of lipid accumulation in the liver. Consistent with the anti-inflammatory property of HGF, augmented macrophage infiltration and upregulation of chemokines, Cxcl1, Ccl2, and Ccl5 in the CDAA diet fed mice, were suppressed by the addition of the HGF treatment. Finally, we examined the fibrotic response. The vehicle-treated mice had mild fibrosis with upregulation of Col1a1, Acta2, Timp1, Tgfb1, and Serpine1 expression. Recombinant HGF treatment significantly suppressed fibrogenic gene expression and collagen deposition in the liver. Conclusion: Recombinant feline HGF treatment suppressed the progression of NASH in a CDAA diet feeding mouse model.This suggests that recombinant HGF protein has therapeutic potential for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Mee Yang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Masato Fukui
- Veterinary Medical Center–San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Fiona Miao
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Margo J. Karriker
- Veterinary Medical Center–San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Ekihiro Seki
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21
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Cholesterol overload in the liver aggravates oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage and accelerates hepatocarcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104136-104148. [PMID: 29262627 PMCID: PMC5732793 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancers represent the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Diverse etiological factors include chronic viral hepatitis, aflatoxin and alcohol exposure as well as aberrant liver lipid overload. Cholesterol has been identified as a key inducer of metabolic impairment, oxidative stress and promoter of cellular dysfunction. The aim of this work was to address the oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage induced by cholesterol overload, and its role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. C57BL/6 male mice were fed with a high cholesterol diet, followed by a single dose of N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 10 μg/g, ip). Reactive oxygen species generation, DNA oxidation, antioxidant and DNA repair proteins were analyzed at different time points. Diet-induced cholesterol overload caused enhanced oxidative DNA damage in the liver and was associated with a decrease in key DNA repair genes as early as 7 days. Interestingly, we found a cell survival response, induced by cholesterol, judged by a decrement in Bax to Bcl2 ratio. Importantly, N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation significantly prevented DNA oxidation damage. Furthermore, at 8 months after DEN administration, tumor growth was significantly enhanced in mice under cholesterol diet in comparison to control animals. Together, these results suggest that cholesterol overload exerts an oxidative stress-mediated effects and promotes the development of liver cancer.
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22
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Genetic Nrf2 Overactivation Inhibits the Deleterious Effects Induced by Hepatocyte-Specific c-met Deletion during the Progression of NASH. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3420286. [PMID: 28676836 PMCID: PMC5476895 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3420286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have recently shown that hepatocyte-specific c-met deficiency accelerates the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in experimental murine models resulting in augmented production of reactive oxygen species and accelerated development of fibrosis. The aim of this study focuses on the elucidation of the underlying cellular mechanisms driven by Nrf2 overactivation in hepatocytes lacking c-met receptor characterized by a severe unbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant functions. Control mice (c-metfx/fx), single c-met knockouts (c-metΔhepa), and double c-met/Keap1 knockouts (met/Keap1Δhepa) were then fed a chow or a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet, respectively, for 4 weeks to reproduce the features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Upon MCD feeding, met/Keap1Δhepa mice displayed increased liver mass albeit decreased triglyceride accumulation. The marked increase of oxidative stress observed in c-metΔhepa was restored in the double mutants as assessed by 4-HNE immunostaining and by the expression of genes responsible for the generation of free radicals. Moreover, double knockout mice presented a reduced amount of liver-infiltrating cells and the exacerbation of fibrosis progression observed in c-metΔhepa livers was significantly inhibited in met/Keap1Δhepa. Therefore, genetic activation of the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 improves liver damage and repair in hepatocyte-specific c-met-deficient mice mainly through restoring a balance in the cellular redox homeostasis.
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23
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Olson ES, Ortac I, Malone C, Esener S, Mattrey R. Ultrasound Detection of Regional Oxidative Stress in Deep Tissues Using Novel Enzyme Loaded Nanoparticles. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28081299 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a powerful tool that is critical to immune mediated responses in healthy individuals, yet additionally plays a crucial role in development of cancer, inflammatory pathologies, and tissue ischemia. Despite this, there remain relatively few molecular tools to study oxidative stress, particularly in living mammals. To develop an intravenously injectable probe capable of labeling sites of oxidative stress in vivo, 200 nm catalase synthetic hollow enzyme loaded nanospheres (catSHELS) are designed and fabricated using a versatile enzyme nanoencapsulation method. catSHELS catalyze H2 O2 to water and oxygen producing microbubbles that can be detected and imaged using a clinical ultrasound system. catSHELS are optimized in vitro to maximize ultrasound signal and their functionality is demonstrated in rat ischemic renal injury model. Ischemic oxidative injury is induced in a single kidney of normal rats by clamping the renal artery for 1 h followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Imaging of both kidneys is performed following the intravenous bolus injection of 1012 catSHELS of the optimized formulation. There is significant increase in ultrasound signal of the injured kidney relative to controls. This method offers a novel intravenous approach to detect oxidative stress in deep tissues in living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia S. Olson
- Department of Radiology; University of California, San Diego; 410 Dickinson St. San Diego CA 92103 USA
| | - Inanc Ortac
- Devacell, Inc.; 6650 Lusk Blvd. Suite B105 San Diego CA 92121 USA
| | - Christopher Malone
- Department of Radiology; University of California, San Diego; 410 Dickinson St. San Diego CA 92103 USA
| | - Sadik Esener
- Department of Nanoengineering; University of California, San Diego; 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Robert Mattrey
- Department of Radiology; University of California, San Diego; 410 Dickinson St. San Diego CA 92103 USA
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24
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Liver Cholesterol Overload Aggravates Obstructive Cholestasis by Inducing Oxidative Stress and Premature Death in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9895176. [PMID: 27635189 PMCID: PMC5011220 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9895176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is one of the leading causes of liver disease. Dietary factors determine the clinical presentation of steatohepatitis and can influence the progression of related diseases. Cholesterol has emerged as a critical player in the disease and hence consumption of cholesterol-enriched diets can lead to a progressive form of the disease. The aim was to investigate the impact of liver cholesterol overload on the progression of the obstructive cholestasis in mice subjected to bile duct ligation surgery. Mice were fed with a high cholesterol diet for two days and then were subjected to surgery procedure; histological, biochemical, and molecular analyses were conducted to address the effect of cholesterol in liver damage. Mice under the diet were more susceptible to damage. Results show that cholesterol fed mice exhibited increased apoptosis and oxidative stress as well as reduction in cell proliferation. Mortality following surgery was higher in HC fed mice. Liver cholesterol impairs the repair of liver during obstructive cholestasis and aggravates the disease with early fatal consequences; these effects were strongly associated with oxidative stress.
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