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Wang L, Zhang G, Gao Y, Dai T, Yu J, Liu Y, Bao H, She J, Hou Y, Kong L, Cai B. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Neutrophils Accelerate Bone Regeneration by Promoting Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3868-3882. [PMID: 38703236 PMCID: PMC11167592 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The reconstruction of bone defects has been associated with severe challenges worldwide. Nowadays, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-based cell sheets have rendered this approach a promising way to facilitate osteogenic regeneration in vivo. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an essential role in intercellular communication and execution of various biological functions and are often employed as an ideal natural endogenous nanomedicine for restoring the structure and functions of damaged tissues. The perception of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils, PMNs) as indiscriminate killer cells is gradually changing, with new evidence suggesting a role for these cells in tissue repair and regeneration, particularly in the context of bone healing. However, the role of EVs derived from PMNs (PMN-EVs) in bone regeneration remains largely unknown, with limited research being conducted on this aspect. In the current study, we investigated the effects of PMN-EVs on BMSCs and the underlying molecular mechanisms as well as the potential application of PMN-EVs in bone regeneration. Toward this end, BMSC-based cell sheets with integrated PMN-EVs (BS@PMN-EVs) were developed for bone defect regeneration. PMN-EVs were found to significantly enhance the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Furthermore, BS@PMN-EVs were found to significantly accelerate bone regeneration in vivo by enhancing the maturation of the newly formed bone in rat calvarial defects; this is likely attributable to the effect of PMN-EVs in promoting the expression of key osteogenic proteins such as SOD2 and GJA1 in BMSCs. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the crucial role of PMN-EVs in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs during bone regeneration. Furthermore, this study proposes a novel strategy for enhancing bone repair and regeneration via the integration of PMN-EVs with BMSC-based cell sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Guanhua Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implants, School
of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical
University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ye Gao
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Taiqiang Dai
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Jie Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ya Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- College
of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Han Bao
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Jianzhen She
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yan Hou
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Liang Kong
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Bolei Cai
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth
Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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2
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Sheppard AJ, Delgado K, Barfield AM, Xu Q, Massey PA, Dong Y, Barton RS. Rapamycin Inhibits Senescence and Improves Immunomodulatory Function of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through IL-8 and TGF-β Signaling. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:816-826. [PMID: 38340274 PMCID: PMC10984889 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10682-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) grown in high-density monolayers (sheets) are promising vehicles for numerous bioengineering applications. When MSC sheets are maintained in prolonged cultures, they undergo rapid senescence, limiting their downstream efficacy. Although rapamycin is a potential agent that can inhibit senescence in cell cultures, no study has investigated rapamycin's effect on MSCs grown in high-density culture and its effect on downstream target gene expression. In this study, placental-derived MSCs (PMSCs) were seeded at high density to generate PMSC sheets in 24 hours and were then treated with rapamycin or vehicle for up to 7 days. Autophagy activity, cell senescence and apoptosis, cell size and granularity, and senescence-associated cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) were analyzed. Differential response in gene expression were assessed via microarray analysis. Rapamycin significantly increased PMSC sheet autophagy activity, inhibited cellular senescence, decreased cell size and granularity at all timepoints. Rapamycin also significantly decreased the number of cells in late apoptosis at day 7 of sheet culture, as well as caspase 3/7 activity at all timepoints. Notably, while rapamycin decreased IL-6 secretion, increased IL-8 levels were observed at all timepoints. Microarray analysis further confirmed the upregulation of IL-8 transcription, as well as provided a list of 396 genes with 2-fold differential expression, where transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling were identified as important upregulated pathways. Rapamycin both decreased senescence and has an immunomodulatory action of PMSCs grown in sheet culture, which will likely improve the chemotaxis of pro-healing cells to sites of tissue repair in future bioengineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Sheppard
- School of Medicine, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Kristin Delgado
- School of Medicine, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Patrick A Massey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Yufeng Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
| | - Richard S Barton
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
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3
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Thia ZZ, Ho YT, Shih KC, Tong L. New developments in the management of persistent corneal epithelial defects. Surv Ophthalmol 2023; 68:1093-1114. [PMID: 37301520 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A persistent epithelial defect (PED) is a corneal epithelial defect that failed to heal after 2weeks. It is a condition that carries much morbidity, and our understanding of PED remains poor, with current treatment methods often having unsatisfactory outcomes. With PEDs becoming more prevalent, more efforts are required to establish reliable treatment modalities. Our reviews describe the causes of PEDs and the different approaches developed to manage them, as well as their associated limitations. Emphasis is placed on understanding various advances in the development of new treatment modalities. We have also described a case of a woman with a background of graft-versus-host disease on long-term topical corticosteroids who developed complicated PED involving both eyes. The current approach to managing PEDs generally involves exclusion of an active infection, followed by treatment modalities that aim to encourage corneal epithelial healing. Success rates, however, remain far from desirable, as treatment remains challenging due to multiple underlying etiologies. In summary, advances in the development of new therapies may be able to facilitate progress in the understanding and treatment of PED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Zhe Thia
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore; National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yik To Ho
- Hong Kong University, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | | | - Louis Tong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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4
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Banimohamad-Shotorbani B, Karkan SF, Rahbarghazi R, Mehdipour A, Jarolmasjed S, Saghati S, Shafaei H. Application of mesenchymal stem cell sheet for regeneration of craniomaxillofacial bone defects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:68. [PMID: 37024981 PMCID: PMC10080954 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects are among the most common damages in human medicine. Due to limitations and challenges in the area of bone healing, the research field has turned into a hot topic discipline with direct clinical outcomes. Among several available modalities, scaffold-free cell sheet technology has opened novel avenues to yield efficient osteogenesis. It is suggested that the intact matrix secreted from cells can provide a unique microenvironment for the acceleration of osteoangiogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, cell sheet technology (CST) has been investigated in terms of several skeletal defects with promising outcomes. Here, we highlighted some recent advances associated with the application of CST for the recovery of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) in various preclinical settings. The regenerative properties of both single-layer and multilayer CST were assessed regarding fabrication methods and applications. It has been indicated that different forms of cell sheets are available for CMF engineering like those used for other hard tissues. By tackling current challenges, CST is touted as an effective and alternative therapeutic option for CMF bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Banimohamad-Shotorbani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sonia Fathi Karkan
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Mehdipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyedhosein Jarolmasjed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Saghati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Shafaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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5
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Freitas NPP, Silva BDP, Bezerra MRL, Pescini LYG, Olinda RG, Salgueiro CCDM, Nunes JF, Martins JAM, Neto SG, Martins LT. Freeze-dried Platelet-rich Plasma and Stem Cell-conditioned Medium for Therapeutic Use in Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 121:104189. [PMID: 36464033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose stem cell-conditioned medium (ASC-CM) use as a strategy to accelerate tissue healing. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were quantified in fresh and freeze-dried PRP and ASC-CM, and a stability test was performed in the freeze-dried samples (90 and 180 days of storage). A cell proliferation test was performed using equine mesenchymal stem cell culture in reconstituted PRP gel mesh after freeze-drying. In vivo PRP, ASC-CM applications, or their association were performed in induced wounds at 15 and 9-day intervals, according to the treatments: saline solution (control), PRP, ASC-CM, or ASC-CM + PRP. Horses were monitored through photographs and wound area measurements on days 5, 7, 15, and 24 after lesion induction. Skin biopsies were obtained on days 15 and 24 of the experiment. PDGF and VEGF quantification did not differ between fresh or freeze-dried treatments, was similar after freeze-drying or 90 days of storage, but showed a significant reduction after 180 days of storage. Comparing all treatments, no differences were observed in the histopathological analyses. For inflammation, fibroplasia, and collagen formation, only the time effect between the first and second biopsies was significant. The cell proliferation test revealed intense multiplication in the PRP gel mesh. Healing time was similar among all treatments. In conclusion, our results showed the possibility to produce and maintain freeze-dried PRP and ASC-CM for 90 days. Further studies are needed to better explore the in vivo therapeutic PRP and ASC-CM effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália P P Freitas
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate Program, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (Renorbio), State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz D'Almeida P Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Experimental Biology Unit (Nubex), University of Fortaleza (Unifor), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcus R L Bezerra
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate Program, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Laura Y G Pescini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Experimental Biology Unit (Nubex), University of Fortaleza (Unifor), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Roberio G Olinda
- Department of Pathology, Vetlab Veterinary Laboratory, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - José F Nunes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jorge A M Martins
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Cariri (UFCA), Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Saul G Neto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Experimental Biology Unit (Nubex), University of Fortaleza (Unifor), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Leonardo T Martins
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Experimental Biology Unit (Nubex), University of Fortaleza (Unifor), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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6
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bagheri L, Valizadeh H, Dindar-safa K, Zarghami N. Fabricating a robust POSS-PCL nanofiber scaffold for nesting of mesenchymal stem cells: potential application in bone tissue regeneration. J Biol Eng 2022; 16:35. [PMID: 36544214 PMCID: PMC9773448 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-022-00317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to recent studies, electrospun Poly (Ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) is an absorbing candidate for the formulation of biocompatible scaffolds used in tissue engineering. Tissue engineering is a set of techniques for producing or reconstructing tissue, whose primary purpose is to restore or improve the function of tissues in the human body. Tissue engineering combines the principles of materials and cell transplantation to develop alternative tissues or promote endogenous regeneration. However, this electrospun scaffold, consisting of PCL, has disadvantages such as low cell adhesion, inactivity of the surface, osteoinduction, and acidic destruction of the scaffold that causes inflammation at the implant site, often making it unsuitable implant. This study aimed to improve PCL base cellular scaffolds with the formulation of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane - Polycaprolactone (POSS-PCL) nanofiber scaffolds. The present research focuses on the synthesis of nanofibers for their cell interaction features, and application in bone tissue engineering and regeneration. RESULTS POSS/ PCL Nanocomposites with 2, 5, and 10 wt.% of POSS were synthesized in the Trichloromethane, then POSS - PCL Nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning technique. In this study, the structures of nanohybrids and nanofibers have been evaluated by FTIR, HNMR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and DSC. The biocompatibility of formulated POSS-PCL scaffolds was detected using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Then several parameters were examined, involving DCFH ROS detection system, gene expression (cell viability/apoptosis, osteogenesis potentiality, and redox molecular homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Based on our results, POSS-PCL nano-scaffolds in comparison with PCL have shown a robust potentiality in homing, growth, and differentiation of stem cells. Synthesis of POSS-PCL Nanofibers and their potential application in Bone Regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla bagheri
- grid.411468.e0000 0004 0417 5692Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161 Tabriz, Iran ,grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hasan Valizadeh
- grid.411468.e0000 0004 0417 5692Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kazem Dindar-safa
- grid.412831.d0000 0001 1172 3536Organosilicon Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471 Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- grid.449300.a0000 0004 0403 6369Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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You Q, Lu M, Li Z, Zhou Y, Tu C. Cell Sheet Technology as an Engineering-Based Approach to Bone Regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6491-6511. [PMID: 36573205 PMCID: PMC9789707 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s382115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects that are congenital or the result of infection, malignancy, or trauma represent a challenge to the global healthcare system. To address this issue, multiple research groups have been developing novel cell sheet technology (CST)-based approaches to promote bone regeneration. These methods hold promise for use in regenerative medicine because they preserve cell-cell contacts, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and the protein makeup of cell membranes. This review introduces the concept and preparation system of the cell sheet (CS), explores the application of CST in bone regeneration, highlights the current states of the bone regeneration via CST, and offers perspectives on the challenges and future research direction of translating current knowledge from the lab to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi You
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China,Sichuan Model Worker and Craftsman Talent Innovation Research Studio, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minxun Lu
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China,Sichuan Model Worker and Craftsman Talent Innovation Research Studio, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Li
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China,Sichuan Model Worker and Craftsman Talent Innovation Research Studio, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China,Sichuan Model Worker and Craftsman Talent Innovation Research Studio, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongqi Tu
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China,Sichuan Model Worker and Craftsman Talent Innovation Research Studio, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Chongqi Tu; Yong Zhou, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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8
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Zhao Z, Liu J, Weir MD, Schneider A, Ma T, Oates TW, Xu HHK, Zhang K, Bai Y. Periodontal ligament stem cell-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1071472. [PMID: 36532583 PMCID: PMC9755356 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1071472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Stem cell-based tissue engineering approaches are promising for bone repair and regeneration. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are a promising cell source for tissue engineering, especially for maxillofacial bone and periodontal regeneration. Many studies have shown potent results via PDLSCs in bone regeneration. In this review, we describe recent cutting-edge researches on PDLSC-based bone regeneration and periodontal tissue regeneration. Data and sources: An extensive search of the literature for papers related to PDLSCs-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering was made on the databases of PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar. The papers were selected by three independent calibrated reviewers. Results: Multiple types of materials and scaffolds have been combined with PDLSCs, involving xeno genic bone graft, calcium phosphate materials and polymers. These PDLSC-based constructs exhibit the potential for bone and periodontal tissue regeneration. In addition, various osteo inductive agents and strategies have been applied with PDLSCs, including drugs, biologics, gene therapy, physical stimulation, scaffold modification, cell sheets and co-culture. Conclusoin: This review article demonstrates the great potential of PDLSCs-based bioactive constructs as a promising approach for bone and periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqing Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Thomas W. Oates
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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9
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Zhang J, Huang Y, Wang Y, Xu J, Huang T, Luo X. Construction of biomimetic cell-sheet-engineered periosteum with a double cell sheet to repair calvarial defects of rats. J Orthop Translat 2022; 38:1-11. [PMID: 36313975 PMCID: PMC9582589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The periosteum plays a crucial role in the development and injury healing process of bone. The purpose of this study was to construct a biomimetic periosteum with a double cell sheet for bone tissue regeneration. Methods In vitro, the human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) sheet was first fabricated by adding 50 μg/ml ascorbic acid to the cell sheet induction medium. Characterization of the hAMSCs sheet was tested by general observation, microscopic observation, live/dead staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Afterwards, the osteogenic cell sheet and vascular cell sheet were constructed and evaluated by general observation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Alizarin Red S staining, SEM, live/dead staining and CD31 immunofluorescent staining for characterization. Then, we prepared the double cell sheet. In vivo, rat calvarial defect model was introduced to verify the regeneration of bone defects treated by different methods. Calvarial defects (diameter: 4 mm) were created of Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, the osteogenic cell sheet group, the vascular cell sheet group and the double cell sheet group. Macroscopic, micro-CT and histological evaluations of the regenerated bone were performed to assess the treatment results at 8 weeks and 12 weeks after surgery. Results In vitro, hAMSCs sheet was successfully prepared. The hAMSCs sheet consisted of a large number of live hAMSCs and abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) that secreted by hAMSCs, as evidenced by macroscopic/microscopic observation, live/dead staining, SEM and HE staining. Besides, the osteogenic cell sheet and the vascular cell sheet were successfully prepared, which were verified by general observation, ALP staining, Alizarin Red S staining, SEM and CD31 immunofluorescent staining. In vivo, the macroscopic observation and micro-CT results both demonstrated that the double cell sheet group had better effect on bone regeneration than other groups. In addition, histological assessments indicated that large amounts of new bone had formed in the calvarial defects and more mature collagen in the double cell sheet group. Conclusion The double cell sheet could promote to repair calvarial defects of rats and accelerate bone regeneration. The translational potential of this article We successfully constructed a biomimetic cell-sheet-engineered periosteum with a double cell sheet by a simple, low-cost and effective method. This biomimetic periosteum may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of bone defects, which may be used in clinic in the future.
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Key Words
- Biomimetic periosteum
- Bone regeneration
- Double cell sheet
- Osteogenic cell sheet
- Trabecular number, Tb.N
- Trabecular thickness, Tb.Th
- Vascular cell sheet
- adiposetissue derivedstromalcells, ADSCs
- alkaline phosphatase, ALP
- bone mineral density, BMD
- bonemarrowmesenchymlstemcells, BMSCs
- bonevolume fraction, BV/TV
- cell sheet technology, CST
- cytokeratin 19, CK-19
- extracellular matrix, ECM
- hAMSCs sheet
- hematoxylin and eosin, HE
- human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells, hAMSCs
- human ethmoid sinus mucosa derived mesenchymal stem cells, hESMSCs
- periodontal ligament-derived cells, PDLCs
- polylactic-co-glycolic acid, PLGA
- scanning electron microscopy, SEM
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10
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A Novel Cell Delivery System Exploiting Synergy between Fresh Titanium and Fibronectin. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142158. [PMID: 35883601 PMCID: PMC9317518 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivering and retaining cells in areas of interest is an ongoing challenge in tissue engineering. Here we introduce a novel approach to fabricate osteoblast-loaded titanium suitable for cell delivery for bone integration, regeneration, and engineering. We hypothesized that titanium age influences the efficiency of protein adsorption and cell loading onto titanium surfaces. Fresh (newly machined) and 1-month-old (aged) commercial grade 4 titanium disks were prepared. Fresh titanium surfaces were hydrophilic, whereas aged surfaces were hydrophobic. Twice the amount of type 1 collagen and fibronectin adsorbed to fresh titanium surfaces than aged titanium surfaces after a short incubation period of three hours, and 2.5-times more fibronectin than collagen adsorbed regardless of titanium age. Rat bone marrow-derived osteoblasts were incubated on protein-adsorbed titanium surfaces for three hours, and osteoblast loading was most efficient on fresh titanium adsorbed with fibronectin. The number of osteoblasts loaded using this synergy between fresh titanium and fibronectin was nine times greater than that on aged titanium with no protein adsorption. The loaded cells were confirmed to be firmly attached and functional. The number of loaded cells was strongly correlated with the amount of protein adsorbed regardless of the protein type, with fibronectin simply more efficiently adsorbed on titanium surfaces than collagen. The role of surface hydrophilicity of fresh titanium surfaces in increasing protein adsorption or cell loading was unclear. The hydrophilicity of protein-adsorbed titanium increased with the amount of protein but was not the primary determinant of cell loading. In conclusion, the osteoblast loading efficiency was dependent on the age of the titanium and the amount of protein adsorption. In addition, the efficiency of protein adsorption was specific to the protein, with fibronectin being much more efficient than collagen. This is a novel strategy to effectively deliver osteoblasts ex vivo and in vivo using titanium as a vehicle.
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11
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Ochiai J, Villanueva L, Niihara H, Niihara Y, Oliva J. Posology and Serum-/Xeno-Free Engineered Adipose Stromal Cells Cell Sheets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:873603. [PMID: 35557946 PMCID: PMC9086846 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.873603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-characterized adipose stem cells and chemically defined culture media are important factors that control the production of the cell sheet, used in translational medicine. In this study, we have developed and engineered multilayer adipose stem cell cell sheets (ASCCSs) using chemically defined/serum-free culture media: undifferentiated or differentiated into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. In addition, using the cell sheet transmittance, we estimated the number of cells per cell sheet. Undifferentiated ASCCSs were engineered in 10 days, using serum-free/xeno-free culture media. They were CD29+, CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, HLA-A+, and HLA-DR-. ASCCSs differentiated into chondrocytes and osteoblasts were also engineered using chemically defined and animal-free culture media, in only 14 days. The addition of an ROCK inhibitor improved the chondrocyte cell sheet engineering. The decrease in the cell sheet transmittance rate was higher for the osteoblast cell sheets due to the intracellular Ca2+ accumulation. The estimation of cell number per cell sheet was carried out with the transmittance, which will provide important information for cell sheet posology. In conclusion, three types of ASCCSs were engineered using serum-free, xeno-free culture media, expressing their specific markers. Their transmittance measurement allowed estimating the number of cells per cell sheet, with a non-invasive methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ochiai
- Emmaus Life Sciences, Inc., Torrance, CA, United States
| | | | - Hope Niihara
- Emmaus Life Sciences, Inc., Torrance, CA, United States
| | | | - Joan Oliva
- Emmaus Life Sciences, Inc., Torrance, CA, United States
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12
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Shaikh MS, Shahzad Z, Tash EA, Janjua OS, Khan MI, Zafar MS. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current Literature and Role in Periodontal Regeneration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071168. [PMID: 35406732 PMCID: PMC8997495 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease can cause irreversible damage to tooth-supporting tissues such as the root cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, eventually leading to tooth loss. While standard periodontal treatments are usually helpful in reducing disease progression, they cannot repair or replace lost periodontal tissue. Periodontal regeneration has been demonstrated to be beneficial in treating intraosseous and furcation defects to varied degrees. Cell-based treatment for periodontal regeneration will become more efficient and predictable as tissue engineering and progenitor cell biology advance, surpassing the limitations of present therapeutic techniques. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into several cell types when stimulated. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been tested for periodontal regeneration in vitro and in humans, with promising results. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) possess a great regenerative and therapeutic potential. Their added benefits comprise ease of collection, endless source of stem cells, less immunorejection, and affordability. Further, their collection does not include the concerns associated with human embryonic stem cells. The purpose of this review is to address the most recent findings about periodontal regenerative mechanisms, different stem cells accessible for periodontal regeneration, and UC-MSCs and their involvement in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Shaikh
- Department of Oral Biology, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Pakistan;
| | - Zara Shahzad
- Lahore Medical and Dental College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 53400, Pakistan;
| | - Esraa Abdulgader Tash
- Department of Oral and Clinical Basic Science, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omer Sefvan Janjua
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, PMC Dental Institute, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah 41311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-507544691
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13
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Optimization of a Tricalcium Phosphate-Based Bone Model Using Cell-Sheet Technology to Simulate Bone Disorders. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone diseases such as osteoporosis, delayed or impaired bone healing, and osteoarthritis still represent a social, financial, and personal burden for affected patients and society. Fully humanized in vitro 3D models of cancellous bone tissue are needed to develop new treatment strategies and meet patient-specific needs. Here, we demonstrate a successful cell-sheet-based process for optimized mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) seeding on a β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffold to generate 3D models of cancellous bone tissue. Therefore, we seeded MSCs onto the β-TCP scaffold, induced osteogenic differentiation, and wrapped a single osteogenically induced MSC sheet around the pre-seeded scaffold. Comparing the wrapped with an unwrapped scaffold, we did not detect any differences in cell viability and structural integrity but a higher cell seeding rate with osteoid-like granular structures, an indicator of enhanced calcification. Finally, gene expression analysis showed a reduction in chondrogenic and adipogenic markers, but an increase in osteogenic markers in MSCs seeded on wrapped scaffolds. We conclude from these data that additional wrapping of pre-seeded scaffolds will provide a local niche that enhances osteogenic differentiation while repressing chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. This approach will eventually lead to optimized preclinical in vitro 3D models of cancellous bone tissue to develop new treatment strategies.
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14
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Combining sclerostin neutralization with tissue engineering: An improved strategy for craniofacial bone repair. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:178-189. [PMID: 34875361 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds associated with different types of mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSC) are extensively studied for the development of novel therapies for large bone defects. Moreover, monoclonal antibodies have been recently introduced for the treatment of cancer-associated bone loss and other skeletal pathologies. In particular, antibodies against sclerostin, a key player in bone remodeling regulation, have demonstrated a real benefit for treating osteoporosis but their contribution to bone tissue-engineering remains uncharted. Here, we show that combining implantation of dense collagen hydrogels hosting wild-type (WT) murine dental pulp stem cells (mDPSC) with weekly systemic injections of a sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) leads to increased bone regeneration within critical size calvarial defects performed in WT mice. Furthermore, we show that bone formation is equivalent in calvarial defects in WT mice implanted with Sost knock-out (KO) mDPSC and in Sost KO mice, suggesting that the implantation of sclerostin-deficient MSC similarly promotes new bone formation than complete sclerostin deficiency. Altogether, our data demonstrate that an antibody-based therapy can potentialize tissue-engineering strategies for large craniofacial bone defects and urges the need to conduct research for antibody-enabled local inhibition of sclerostin. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The use of monoclonal antibodies is nowadays broadly spread for the treatment of several conditions including skeletal bone diseases. However, their use to potentialize tissue engineering constructs for bone repair remains unmet. Here, we demonstrate that the neutralization of sclerostin, through either a systemic inhibition by a monoclonal antibody or the implantation of sclerostin-deficient mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSC) directly within the defect, improves the outcome of a tissue engineering approach, combining dense collagen hydrogels and MSC derived from the dental pulp, for the treatment of large craniofacial bone defects.
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15
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Lin ADY, Tung MC, Lu CH. The hernia sac-A suitable source for obtaining mesenchymal stem cells. Surg Open Sci 2021; 6:40-44. [PMID: 34632354 PMCID: PMC8487083 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inguinal hernia sac, extended tissue from peritoneum, gradually enlarged in size with hernia disease time and prolapsed tissue volume. We hypothesize that mesenchymal stem cells are present in the development of hernia sac. The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that hernia sac, which is often resected and discarded as medical waste, contains mesenchymal stem cells and thus might be a suitable source to harvest mesenchymal stem cells. Methods Between July 2019 and June 2020, 4 hernia sacs were resected during hernia surgery and then obtained for mesenchymal extraction using the Miltenyi gentleMACS Dissociator. The presence of mesenchymal stem cells was determined by the markers CD105, CD73, and CD90, with assessment of the expressions ≥ 95%, whereas markers CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD19, and HLA-DR were used to assess lack expression (≤ 2%). Moreover, von Kossa staining, Alcian blue staining, and Oil Red O staining were used to verify the cells' ability for differentiation. Results Cells retrieved from the hernia sacs displayed a spindle-shaped morphology and exhibited adherence to plastics. The cell surface immunophenotypic profile was confirmed using surface markers APC-A (CD73), FITC-A (CD90), and PerCP-Cy5-5-A (CD105), with results showing 100%, 100%, and 99.2%, respectively, strongly indicating the presence of mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, staining of in vitro cell cultures showed in vitro differentiation of precursor cells into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts, suggesting positive differentiation ability and identification of mesenchymal stem cells. Conclusion Inguinal hernia sac is a novel source of mesenchymal stem cells that can be easily obtained and stored for future usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpha Dian-Yu Lin
- Joshua Taipei Hernia Center, Central Clinic & Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Che Tung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Heng Lu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Wu H, He Z, Li X, Xu X, Zhong W, Bu J, Huang G. Efficient and Consistent Orthotopic Osteosarcoma Model by Cell Sheet Transplantation in the Nude Mice for Drug Testing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:690409. [PMID: 34631675 PMCID: PMC8498338 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.690409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a big challenge on clinical treatment. The breakthrough associated with osteosarcoma in basic research and translational research depends on the reliable establishment of an animal model, whereby mice are frequently used. However, a traditional animal modeling technique like tumor cell suspension injection causes batch dynamics and large mice consumption. Here, we suggested a novel approach in establishing an orthotropic osteosarcoma model in nude mice rapidly by cell sheet culture and transplantation. Our findings demonstrated that the 143b osteosarcoma cell sheet orthotopically implanted into the nude mice could form a visible mass within 10 days, whereas it took over 15 days for a similar amount of cell suspension injection to form a visible tumor mass. Living animal imaging results showed that a tumor formation rate was 100% in the cell sheet implantation group, while it was 67% in the cell suspension injection group. The formed tumor masses were highly consistent in both growth rate and tumor size. Massive bone destruction and soft tissue mass formation were observed from the micro CT analysis, suggesting the presence of osteosarcoma. The histopathological analysis demonstrated that the orthotropic osteosarcoma model mimicked the tumor bone growth, bone destruction, and the lung metastasis. These findings imply that such a cell sheet technology could be an appropriate approach to rapidly establish a sustainable orthotropic osteosarcoma model for tumor research and reduce mice consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengxi He
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuezheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wu Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Bu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Oraee-Yazdani S, Akhlaghpasand M, Golmohammadi M, Hafizi M, Zomorrod MS, Kabir NM, Oraee-Yazdani M, Ashrafi F, Zali A, Soleimani M. Combining cell therapy with human autologous Schwann cell and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell in patients with subacute complete spinal cord injury: safety considerations and possible outcomes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:445. [PMID: 34372939 PMCID: PMC8351425 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cellular transplantations have promising effects on treating spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and Schwann cells (SCs), which have safety alongside their complementary characteristics, are suggested to be the two of the best candidates in SCI treatment. In this study, we assessed the safety and possible outcomes of intrathecal co-transplantation of autologous bone marrow MSC and SC in patients with subacute traumatic complete SCI. Methods Eleven patients with complete SCI (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS); grade A) were enrolled in this study during the subacute period of injury. The patients received an intrathecal autologous combination of MSC and SC and were followed up for 12 months. We assessed the neurological changes by the American Spinal Injury Association’s (ASIA) sensory-motor scale, functional recovery by spinal cord independence measure (SCIM-III), and subjective changes along with adverse events (AE) with our checklist. Furthermore, electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction velocity (NCV), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and urodynamic study (UDS) were conducted for all the patients at the baseline, 6 months, and 1 year after the intervention. Results Light touch AIS score alterations were approximately the same as the pinprick changes (11.6 ± 13.1 and 12 ± 13, respectively) in 50% of the cervical and 63% of the lumbar-thoracic patients, and both were more than the motor score alterations (9.5 ± 3.3 in 75% of the cervical and 14% of the lumbar-thoracic patients). SCIM III total scores (21.2 ± 13.3) and all its sub-scores (“respiration and sphincter management” (15 ± 9.9), “mobility” (9.5 ± 13.3), and “self-care” (6 ± 1.4)) had statistically significant changes after cell injection. Our findings support that the most remarkable positive, subjective improvements were in trunk movement, equilibrium in standing/sitting position, the sensation of the bladder and rectal filling, and the ability of voluntary voiding. Our safety evaluation revealed no systemic complications, and radiological images showed no neoplastic overgrowth, syringomyelia, or pseudo-meningocele. Conclusion The present study showed that autologous SC and bone marrow-derived MSC transplantation at the subacute stage of SCI could reveal statistically significant improvement in sensory and neurological functions among the patients. It appears that using this combination of cells is safe and effective for clinical application to spinal cord regeneration during the subacute period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Oraee-Yazdani
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1988873554, Iran.
| | - Mohammadhosein Akhlaghpasand
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1988873554, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1988873554, Iran
| | - Maryam Hafizi
- Stem Cell Technology Research Centre, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Soufi Zomorrod
- Applied cell Sciences Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Mohseni Kabir
- Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Oraee-Yazdani
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1988873554, Iran
| | - Farzad Ashrafi
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1988873554, Iran
| | - Alireza Zali
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1988873554, Iran.
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Re F, Sartore L, Borsani E, Ferroni M, Baratto C, Mahajneh A, Smith A, Dey K, Almici C, Guizzi P, Bernardi S, Faglia G, Magni F, Russo D. Mineralization of 3D Osteogenic Model Based on Gelatin-Dextran Hybrid Hydrogel Scaffold Bioengineered with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Multiparametric Evaluation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143852. [PMID: 34300769 PMCID: PMC8306641 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin–dextran hydrogel scaffolds (G-PEG-Dx) were evaluated for their ability to activate the bone marrow human mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-hMSCs) towards mineralization. G-PEG-Dx1 and G-PEG-Dx2, with identical composition but different architecture, were seeded with BM-hMSCs in presence of fetal bovine serum or human platelet lysate (hPL) with or without osteogenic medium. G-PEG-Dx1, characterized by a lower degree of crosslinking and larger pores, was able to induce a better cell colonization than G-PEG-Dx2. At day 28, G-PEG-Dx2, with hPL and osteogenic factors, was more efficient than G-PEG-Dx1 in inducing mineralization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy showed that extracellular matrix produced by BM-hMSCs and calcium-positive mineralization were present along the backbone of the G-PEG-Dx2, even though it was colonized to a lesser degree by hMSCs than G-PEG-Dx1. These findings were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), detecting distinct lipidomic signatures that were associated with the different degree of scaffold mineralization. Our data show that the architecture and morphology of G-PEG-Dx2 is determinant and better than that of G-PEG-Dx1 in promoting a faster mineralization, suggesting a more favorable and active role for improving bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Re
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.R.); (S.B.)
- Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologica AIL (CREA), ASST Spedali Civili, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luciana Sartore
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Elisa Borsani
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Matteo Ferroni
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics (DICATAM), University of Brescia, Via Valotti 9, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- CNR-IMM Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Allia Mahajneh
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Raoul Follereau 3, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (A.M.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Andrew Smith
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Raoul Follereau 3, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (A.M.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Kamol Dey
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.S.); (K.D.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Camillo Almici
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Manipulation and Cryopreservation, Department of Transfusion Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Pierangelo Guizzi
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Via Papa Giovanni XXIII 4, 25063 Gardone Val Trompia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Simona Bernardi
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.R.); (S.B.)
- Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologica AIL (CREA), ASST Spedali Civili, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Guido Faglia
- PRISM Lab, CNR-INO, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (C.B.); (G.F.)
- Department of Information Engineering (DII), University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Magni
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Raoul Follereau 3, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (A.M.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Domenico Russo
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.R.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Zhang D, Zhang R, Song X, Yan KC, Liang H. Uniaxial Cyclic Stretching Promotes Chromatin Accessibility of Gene Loci Associated With Mesenchymal Stem Cells Morphogenesis and Osteogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664545. [PMID: 34307349 PMCID: PMC8294092 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated that uniaxial cyclic stretching (UCS) induces differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts in vitro. It is also known that interactions between cells and external forces occur at various aspects including cell–matrix, cytoskeleton, nucleus membrane, and chromatin. However, changes in chromatin landscape during this process are still not clear. The present study was aimed to determine changes of chromatin accessibility under cyclic stretch. The influence of cyclic stretching on the morphology, proliferation, and differentiation of hMSCs was characterized. Changes of open chromatin sites were determined by assay for transposase accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq). Our results showed that UCS induced cell reorientation and actin stress fibers realignment, and in turn caused nuclear reorientation and deformation. Compared with unstrained group, the expression of osteogenic and chondrogenic marker genes were the highest in group of 1 Hz + 8% strain; this condition also led to lower cell proliferation rate. Furthermore, there were 2022 gene loci with upregulated chromatin accessibility in 1 Hz + 8% groups based on the analysis of chromatin accessibility. These genes are associated with regulation of cell morphogenesis, cell–substrate adhesion, and ossification. Signaling pathways involved in osteogenic differentiation were found in up-regulated GO biological processes. These findings demonstrated that UCS increased the openness of gene loci associated with regulation of cell morphogenesis and osteogenesis as well as the corresponding transcription activities. Moreover, the findings also connect the changes in chromatin accessibility with cell reorientation, nuclear reorientation, and deformation. Our study may provide reference for directed differentiation of stem cells induced by mechanical microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Karen Chang Yan
- Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, The College of New Jersey, Ewing Township, NJ, United States
| | - Haiyi Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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20
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Sharma S, Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Anudeep TC, Jeyaraman N, Shringeri AS, Kumar V, Somasundaram R, Jain R, Jha SK. A Step Toward Optimizing Regenerative Medicine Principle to Combat COVID-19. ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (INDIA) 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractDrugs are currently not licensed in specific to pulverize COVID-19. On an emergency basis, vaccines were approved to prevent the further spread of COVID-19. This serves as a potential background for considering the optimization of biologics. In this context, evidence on convalescent plasma and stem cells has shown a beneficial role. Here, we have considered this as plausible therapy, and further hypothesize that their cocktails will synergistically boost the immunogenicity to relegate COVID-19. This warrants a large volume clinical trial on an emergent basis, because the sooner we establish a safe and effective cure, the better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Talagavadi Channaiah Anudeep
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Topiwala National Medical College and BYL Nair Ch. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kasturba Medical College, MAHE University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | - Rashmi Jain
- School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Battafarano G, Rossi M, De Martino V, Marampon F, Borro L, Secinaro A, Del Fattore A. Strategies for Bone Regeneration: From Graft to Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031128. [PMID: 33498786 PMCID: PMC7865467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a regenerative organ characterized by self-renewal ability. Indeed, it is a very dynamic tissue subjected to continuous remodeling in order to preserve its structure and function. However, in clinical practice, impaired bone healing can be observed in patients and medical intervention is needed to regenerate the tissue via the use of natural bone grafts or synthetic bone grafts. The main elements required for tissue engineering include cells, growth factors and a scaffold material to support them. Three different materials (metals, ceramics, and polymers) can be used to create a scaffold suitable for bone regeneration. Several cell types have been investigated in combination with biomaterials. In this review, we describe the options available for bone regeneration, focusing on tissue engineering strategies based on the use of different biomaterials combined with cells and growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Battafarano
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Michela Rossi
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Viviana De Martino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luca Borro
- Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (L.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Aurelio Secinaro
- Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (L.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Del Fattore
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-066-859-3740
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22
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Cellular Technologies in Traumatology: from Cells to Tissue Engineering. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2021. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2020-5.6.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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23
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Okolie O, Stachurek I, Kandasubramanian B, Njuguna J. 3D Printing for Hip Implant Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2682. [PMID: 33202958 PMCID: PMC7697992 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a rising demand for replacement, regeneration of tissues and organ repairs for patients who suffer from diseased/damaged bones or tissues such as hip pains. The hip replacement treatment relies on the implant, which may not always meet the requirements due to mechanical and biocompatibility issues which in turn may aggravate the pain. To surpass these limitations, researchers are investigating the use of scaffolds as another approach for implants. Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers significant potential as an efficient fabrication technique on personalized organs as it is capable of biomimicking the intricate designs found in nature. In this review, the determining factors for hip replacement and the different fabrication techniques such as direct 3D printing, Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and stereolithography (SLA) for hip replacement. The study also covers surface modifications of 3D printed implants and provides an overview on 3D tissue regeneration. To appreciate the current conventional hip replacement practices, the conventional metallic and ceramic materials are covered, highlighting their rationale as the material of choice. Next, the challenges, ethics and trends in the implants' 3D printing are covered and conclusions drawn. The outlook and challenges are also presented here. The knowledge from this review indicates that 3D printing has enormous potential for providing a pathway for a sustainable hip replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obinna Okolie
- Centre of Advanced Engineering Materials, School of Engineering, Robert Gordon University, Riverside East, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, UK;
| | - Iwona Stachurek
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Krakow Institute of Technology, 73 Zakopianska Street, 30-418 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Rapid Prototyping Lab, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411025, India;
| | - James Njuguna
- Centre of Advanced Engineering Materials, School of Engineering, Robert Gordon University, Riverside East, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, UK;
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de Camargo Reis Mello D, Rodrigues LM, D'Antola Mello FZ, Gonçalves TF, Ferreira B, Schneider SG, de Oliveira LD, de Vasconcellos LMR. Biological and microbiological interactions of Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy and its basic elements on bone marrow stromal cells: good prospects for bone tissue engineering. Int J Implant Dent 2020; 6:65. [PMID: 33099690 PMCID: PMC7585585 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-020-00261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An effective biomaterial for bone replacement should have properties to avoid bacterial contamination and promote bone formation while inducing rapid cell differentiation simultaneously. Bone marrow stem cells are currently being investigated because of their known potential for differentiation in osteoblast lineage. This makes these cells a good option for stem cell-based therapy. We have aimed to analyze, in vitro, the potential of pure titanium (Ti), Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy (A), niobium (Nb), and zirconia (Zr) to avoid the microorganisms S. aureus (S.a) and P. aeruginosa (P.a). Furthermore, our objective was to evaluate if the basic elements of Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy have any influence on bone marrow stromal cells, the source of stem cells, and observe if these metals have properties to induce cell differentiation into osteoblasts. METHODS Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) were obtained from mice femurs and cultured in osteogenic media without dexamethasone as an external source of cell differentiation. The samples were divided into Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy (A), pure titanium (Ti), Nb (niobium), and Zr (zirconia) and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). After predetermined periods, cell interaction, cytotoxicity, proliferation, and cell differentiation tests were performed. For monotypic biofilm formation, standardized suspensions (106 cells/ml) with the microorganisms S. aureus (S.a) and P. aeruginosa (P.a) were cultured for 24 h on the samples and submitted to an MTT test. RESULTS All samples presented cell proliferation, growth, and spreading. All groups presented cell viability above 70%, but the alloy (A) showed better results, with statistical differences from Nb and Zr samples. Zr expressed higher ALP activity and was statistically different from the other groups (p < 0.05). In contrast, no statistical difference was observed between the samples as regards mineralization nodules. Lower biofilm formation of S.a and P.a. was observed on the Nb samples, with statistical differences from the other samples. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the basic elements present in the alloy have osteoinductive characteristics, and Zr has a good influence on bone marrow stromal cell differentiation. We also believe that Nb has the best potential for reducing the formation of microbial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne de Camargo Reis Mello
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Lais Morandini Rodrigues
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
- Oakland University, Mathematics and Science, 318 Meadow Brook Rd, Rochester Hills, USA
| | - Fabia Zampieri D'Antola Mello
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda Gonçalves
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Bento Ferreira
- Escola de Engenharia de Lorena (EEL-USP), Pólo-Urbo Industrial, Gleba Al-6, S/N, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
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25
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Al-Sowayan B, Alammari F, Alshareeda A. Preparing the Bone Tissue Regeneration Ground by Exosomes: From Diagnosis to Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E4205. [PMID: 32937850 PMCID: PMC7570455 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering employs acellular scaffolds or scaffolds, along with cells and growth factors, to provide the mechanical support needed, as well as serve as a delivery vehicle for bioactive molecules to the injury sites. As tissue engineering continues to evolve, it has integrated two emerging fields: stem cells and nanotechnology. A paracrine factor that is found to be responsible for the major regenerative effect in stem cell transplantation is an extracellular vesicle called an 'exosome'. Recent advances in nanotechnology have allowed the 'exosome' to be distinguished from other extracellular vesicles and be polymerized into a well-defined concept. Scientists are now investigating exosome uses in clinical applications. For bone-related diseases, exosomes are being explored as biomarkers for different bone pathologies. They are also being explored as a therapeutic agent where progenitor cell-derived exosomes are used to regenerate damaged bone tissue. In addition, exosomes are being tested as immune modulators for bone tissue inflammation, and finally as a delivery vehicle for therapeutic agents. This review discusses recently published literature on the clinical utilization of exosomes in bone-related applications and the correlated advantages. A particular focus will be placed on the potential utilization of regenerative cell-derived exosomes as a natural biomaterial for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batla Al-Sowayan
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Cell Therapy & Cancer Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Alaa Alshareeda
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Cell Therapy & Cancer Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
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26
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Anitua E, Troya M, Zalduendo M, Flores J, Tierno R, Alkhraisat MH. The influence of alveolar bone healing degree on its potential as a source of human alveolar bone-derived cells. Ann Anat 2020; 232:151578. [PMID: 32688020 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of bone tissue engineering has emerged as a novel alternative approach that comprises three essential components: osteogenic cells, osteoinductive signals and osteoconductive scaffolds. The low-speed drilling represents a useful and accessible autologous source for human alveolar bone-derived cells (hABCs). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two donor sites (healing sites (HS) and non-augmented healed sites (NAHS)) as a source of hABCs. METHODS Nineteen patients were enrolled in this study. The patients' demographic data were described. Bone type and dental implant location were also determined. The hABCs obtained were characterized. Apoptosis and sclerostin expression in the samples were also assessed with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The hABCs left earlier the tissue explants of the HS than the NAHS. The proliferation of the hABCs had reached the sub-confluence stage in both groups. Cellular efficacy was not statistically significant between the two groups. The hABCs exhibited osteogenic phenotype as they expressed bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OP) and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). In both groups, the level and the distribution pattern of apoptotic cells and sclerostin expression were similar. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, both HS and NAHS were similarly effective to provide hABCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology (UIRMI), Vitoria, Spain; BTI - Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - María Troya
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology (UIRMI), Vitoria, Spain; BTI - Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mar Zalduendo
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology (UIRMI), Vitoria, Spain; BTI - Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Javier Flores
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology (UIRMI), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Roberto Tierno
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology (UIRMI), Vitoria, Spain; BTI - Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology (UIRMI), Vitoria, Spain; BTI - Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
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27
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Liu Y, Wang H, Dou H, Tian B, Li L, Jin L, Zhang Z, Hu L. Bone regeneration capacities of alveolar bone mesenchymal stem cells sheet in rabbit calvarial bone defect. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420930379. [PMID: 32566118 PMCID: PMC7288803 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420930379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells sheets have been verified as a promising non-scaffold
strategy for bone regeneration. Alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,
derived from neural crest, have the character of easily obtained and strong
multi-differential potential. However, the bone regenerative features of
alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheets in the craniofacial region
remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to compare the osteogenic
differentiation and bone defect repairment characteristics of bone marrow
mesenchymal stem cells sheets derived from alveolar bone (alveolar bone marrow
mesenchymal stem cells) and iliac bone (Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells)
in vitro and in vivo. Histology character,
osteogenic differentiation, and osteogenic gene expression of human alveolar
bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
were compared in vitro. The cell sheets were implanted in
rabbit calvarial defects to evaluate tissue regeneration characteristics.
Integrated bioinformatics analysis was used to reveal the specific gene and
pathways expression profile of alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Our
results showed that alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells had higher
osteogenic differentiation than Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Although
no obvious differences were found in the histological structure, fibronectin and
integrin β1 expression between them, alveolar-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
sheet exhibited higher mineral deposition and expression levels of osteogenic
marker genes. After being transplanted in the rabbit calvarial defects area, the
results showed that greater bone volume and trabecular thickness regeneration
were found in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheet group compared to
Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group at both 4 weeks and 8 weeks.
Finally, datasets of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus Lon-bone marrow
mesenchymal stem cells, and periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (another
neural crest derived mesenchymal stem cells) versus umbilical cord mesenchymal
stem cells were analyzed. Total 71 differential genes were identified by overlap
between the 2 datasets. Homeobox genes, such as LHX8, MKX, PAX9,
MSX, and HOX, were identified as the most
significantly changed and would be potential specific genes in neural crest
mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, the Al-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
sheet-based tissue regeneration appears to be a promising strategy for
craniofacial defect repair in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huixin Dou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Stomatology, Tsinghua University Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luyuan Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenting Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Carluccio M, Ziberi S, Zuccarini M, Giuliani P, Caciagli F, Di Iorio P, Ciccarelli R. Adult mesenchymal stem cells: is there a role for purine receptors in their osteogenic differentiation? Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:263-287. [PMID: 32500422 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role played by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in contributing to adult tissue homeostasis and damage repair thanks to their differentiation capabilities has raised a great interest, mainly in bone regenerative medicine. The growth/function of these undifferentiated cells of mesodermal origin, located in specialized structures (niches) of differentiated organs is influenced by substances present in this microenvironment. Among them, ancestral and ubiquitous molecules such as adenine-based purines, i.e., ATP and adenosine, may be included. Notably, extracellular purine concentrations greatly increase during tissue injury; thus, MSCs are exposed to effects mediated by these agents interacting with their own receptors when they act/migrate in vivo or are transplanted into a damaged tissue. Here, we reported that ATP modulates MSC osteogenic differentiation via different P2Y and P2X receptors, but data are often inconclusive/contradictory so that the ATP receptor importance for MSC physiology/differentiation into osteoblasts is yet undetermined. An exception is represented by P2X7 receptors, whose expression was shown at various differentiation stages of bone cells resulting essential for differentiation/survival of both osteoclasts and osteoblasts. As well, adenosine, usually derived from extracellular ATP metabolism, can promote osteogenesis, likely via A2B receptors, even though findings from human MSCs should be implemented and confirmed in preclinical models. Therefore, although many data have revealed possible effects caused by extracellular purines in bone healing/remodeling, further studies, hopefully performed in in vivo models, are necessary to identify defined roles for these compounds in favoring/increasing the pro-osteogenic properties of MSCs and thereby their usefulness in bone regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Carluccio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,StemTeCh Group, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sihana Ziberi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,StemTeCh Group, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patricia Giuliani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Caciagli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Di Iorio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100, Chieti, Italy. .,Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy. .,StemTeCh Group, Via L. Polacchi, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
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29
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El-Bassyouni GT, Eldera SS, Kenawy SH, Hamzawy EM. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles derived from mussel shells for in vitro cytotoxicity test and cell viability. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04085. [PMID: 32529074 PMCID: PMC7281827 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles derived from mussel shells were prepared using the wet precipitation method and were tested on human mesenchymal and epithelial cells. Shells and HA powder were characterized via X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy along with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The in vitro cytotoxic properties of HA and mussel shells were determined using sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assays for MCF-7 cells (HepG2) and colon (Caco-2) cells. Cell viability tests confirmed the nontoxic effects of synthesized HA and mussel shells on human mesenchymal stem cells (h-MSCs) and epithelial cells. Toxicity values were less than 50% of the cell's validity ratio based on analyses using different concentrations (from 0.01 to 1,000 μg). The results indicate that MSC and epithelial cell attachment and proliferation in the presence of both HA and shell occurred. The proliferation capability was established after 3 and 7 days. SEM images revealed that stem cells and epithelial cells attached to the scaffold indicated full and complete integration between the cells and the material. It seems that due to the ion exchange between bovine serum albumin solutions (BSA) and HA, the FTIR data confirmed an increase in the amide I and amide II bands, which indicates the compatibility of the BSA helix structure. This study sheds light on the importance of merging stem cells and nanomaterials that may lead to improvements in tissue engineering to develop novel treatments for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehan T. El-Bassyouni
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Buhooth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Samah S. Eldera
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Physics Dep., Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sayed H. Kenawy
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Buhooth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
- Imam Mohamed Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Collage of Science, Chemistry Dept. Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esmat M.A. Hamzawy
- Glass Research Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Buhooth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
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30
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Shammaa R, El-Kadiry AEH, Abusarah J, Rafei M. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Beyond Regenerative Medicine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:72. [PMID: 32133358 PMCID: PMC7040370 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are competent suitors of cellular therapy due to their therapeutic impact on tissue degeneration and immune-based pathologies. Additionally, their homing and immunomodulatory properties can be exploited in cancer malignancies to transport pharmacological entities, produce anti-neoplastic agents, or induce anti-tumor immunity. Herein, we create a portfolio for MSC properties, showcasing their distinct multiple therapeutic utilities and successes/challenges thereof in both animal studies and clinical trials. We further highlight the promising potential of MSCs not only in cancer management but also in instigating tumor-specific immunity - i.e., cancer vaccination. Finally, we reflect on the possible reasons impeding the clinical advancement of MSC-based cancer vaccines to assist in contriving novel methodologies from which a therapeutic milestone might emanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riam Shammaa
- Canadian Centre for Regenerative Therapy, Toronto, ON, Canada.,IntelliStem Technologies Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abed El-Hakim El-Kadiry
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jamilah Abusarah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moutih Rafei
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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31
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Wang Z, Mithieux SM, Weiss AS. Fabrication Techniques for Vascular and Vascularized Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900742. [PMID: 31402593 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Impaired or damaged blood vessels can occur at all levels in the hierarchy of vascular systems from large vasculatures such as arteries and veins to meso- and microvasculatures such as arterioles, venules, and capillary networks. Vascular tissue engineering has become a promising approach for fabricating small-diameter vascular grafts for occlusive arteries. Vascularized tissue engineering aims to fabricate meso- and microvasculatures for the prevascularization of engineered tissues and organs. The ideal small-diameter vascular graft is biocompatible, bridgeable, and mechanically robust to maintain patency while promoting tissue remodeling. The desirable fabricated meso- and microvasculatures should rapidly integrate with the host blood vessels and allow nutrient and waste exchange throughout the construct after implantation. A number of techniques used, including engineering-based and cell-based approaches, to fabricate these synthetic vasculatures are herein explored, as well as the techniques developed to fabricate hierarchical structures that comprise multiple levels of vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Suzanne M. Mithieux
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Anthony S. Weiss
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Bosch Institute University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
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32
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Novais A, Lesieur J, Sadoine J, Slimani L, Baroukh B, Saubaméa B, Schmitt A, Vital S, Poliard A, Hélary C, Rochefort GY, Chaussain C, Gorin C. Priming Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth with Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Enhances Mineralization Within Tissue-Engineered Constructs Implanted in Craniofacial Bone Defects. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:844-857. [PMID: 31016898 PMCID: PMC6646701 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The craniofacial area is prone to trauma or pathologies often resulting in large bone damages. One potential treatment option is the grafting of a tissue-engineered construct seeded with adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The dental pulp appears as a relevant source of MSCs, as dental pulp stem cells display strong osteogenic properties and are efficient at bone formation and repair. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and/or hypoxia primings were shown to boost the angiogenesis potential of dental pulp stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Based on these findings, we hypothesized here that these primings would also improve bone formation in the context of craniofacial bone repair. We found that both hypoxic and FGF-2 primings enhanced SHED proliferation and osteogenic differentiation into plastically compressed collagen hydrogels, with a much stronger effect observed with the FGF-2 priming. After implantation in immunodeficient mice, the tissue-engineered constructs seeded with FGF-2 primed SHED mediated faster intramembranous bone formation into critical size calvarial defects than the other groups (no priming and hypoxia priming). The results of this study highlight the interest of FGF-2 priming in tissue engineering for craniofacial bone repair. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:844&857.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Novais
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Julie Lesieur
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Jérémy Sadoine
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Lotfi Slimani
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Brigitte Baroukh
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Bruno Saubaméa
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging FacilityInserm US25, CNRS UMS 3612, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Cochin Institute, Transmission Electron Microscopy Platform, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Sibylle Vital
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Anne Poliard
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Christophe Hélary
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de ParisSorbonne Universités, CNRS, Collège de FranceParisFrance
| | - Gaël Y. Rochefort
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Caroline Gorin
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
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33
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Lee Chong T, Ahearn EL, Cimmino L. Reprogramming the Epigenome With Vitamin C. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:128. [PMID: 31380368 PMCID: PMC6646595 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The erasure of epigenetic modifications across the genome of somatic cells is an essential requirement during their reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Vitamin C plays a pivotal role in remodeling the epigenome by enhancing the activity of Jumonji-C domain-containing histone demethylases (JHDMs) and the ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins. By maintaining differentiation plasticity in culture, vitamin C also improves the quality of tissue specific stem cells derived from iPSCs that are highly sought after for use in regenerative medicine. The ability of vitamin C to potentiate the activity of histone and DNA demethylating enzymes also has clinical application in the treatment of cancer. Vitamin C deficiency has been widely reported in cancer patients and has recently been shown to accelerate cancer progression in disease models. Therapies involving high-dose vitamin C administration are currently gaining traction in the treatment of epigenetic dysregulation, by targeting aberrant histone and DNA methylation patterns associated with cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Lee Chong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Emily L Ahearn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Luisa Cimmino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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34
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Shanbhag S, Suliman S, Pandis N, Stavropoulos A, Sanz M, Mustafa K. Cell therapy for orofacial bone regeneration: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46 Suppl 21:162-182. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Shanbhag
- Department of Clinical Dentistry; Center for Clinical Dental Research; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Salwa Suliman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry; Center for Clinical Dental Research; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Nikolaos Pandis
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Andreas Stavropoulos
- Department of Periodontology; Faculty of Odontology; Malmö University; Malmö Sweden
| | - Mariano Sanz
- Section of Periodontology; Faculty of Odontology; University Complutense of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry; Center for Clinical Dental Research; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
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35
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Nashchekina YA, Alexandrova SA, Nikonov PО, Ivankova EI, Yudin VE, Blinova MI, Mikhailova NA. Study of the Osteoindictive Properties of Protein-Modified Polylactide Scaffolds. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:164-168. [PMID: 31183652 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04483-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells are multipotent and can differentiate into cells of various tissues, which determines their high importance for clinical application. We performed an in vitro study of the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells cultured on intact polylactide scaffolds or scaffolds modified with collagen I or fibrin. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the cells formed osteogenic nodules or osteogenic nodules on both intact and fibrin-modified polylactide scaffolds. Spectrophotometric detection of alkaline phosphatase activity on days 7 and 11 showed that mesenchymal stromal cell grown on intact polylactide scaffolds and on scaffolds modified with collagen type I or fibrin more intensively synthesized alkaline phosphatase than in the control (culture plastic). This dependence increases in the presence of osteogenic differentiation factors in the medium. After long-term culturing (4 weeks), the presence of calcium deposits detected by alizarin red staining confirmed the osteoinductive properties of intact and protein-modified polylactide scaffolds. These findings suggest that polylactide scaffolds and collagen I increase the osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu A Nashchekina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- A. F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - S A Alexandrova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - P О Nikonov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E I Ivankova
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of High-Molecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V E Yudin
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of High-Molecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M I Blinova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N A Mikhailova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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36
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Liu J, Ruan J, Weir MD, Ren K, Schneider A, Wang P, Oates TW, Chang X, Xu HHK. Periodontal Bone-Ligament-Cementum Regeneration via Scaffolds and Stem Cells. Cells 2019; 8:E537. [PMID: 31167434 PMCID: PMC6628570 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a prevalent infectious disease worldwide, causing the damage of periodontal support tissues, which can eventually lead to tooth loss. The goal of periodontal treatment is to control the infections and reconstruct the structure and function of periodontal tissues including cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL) fibers, and bone. The regeneration of these three types of tissues, including the re-formation of the oriented PDL fibers to be attached firmly to the new cementum and alveolar bone, remains a major challenge. This article represents the first systematic review on the cutting-edge researches on the regeneration of all three types of periodontal tissues and the simultaneous regeneration of the entire bone-PDL-cementum complex, via stem cells, bio-printing, gene therapy, and layered bio-mimetic technologies. This article primarily includes bone regeneration; PDL regeneration; cementum regeneration; endogenous cell-homing and host-mobilized stem cells; 3D bio-printing and generation of the oriented PDL fibers; gene therapy-based approaches for periodontal regeneration; regenerating the bone-PDL-cementum complex via layered materials and cells. These novel developments in stem cell technology and bioactive and bio-mimetic scaffolds are highly promising to substantially enhance the periodontal regeneration including both hard and soft tissues, with applicability to other therapies in the oral and maxillofacial region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shannxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an 710004, China.
- Clinical Research Center of Shannxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an 710004, China.
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Shannxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an 710004, China.
- Clinical Research Center of Shannxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an 710004, China.
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, & Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
- Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Shannxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an 710004, China.
- Clinical Research Center of Shannxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an 710004, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
- Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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37
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Lu Y, Zhang W, Wang J, Yang G, Yin S, Tang T, Yu C, Jiang X. Recent advances in cell sheet technology for bone and cartilage regeneration: from preparation to application. Int J Oral Sci 2019; 11:17. [PMID: 31110170 PMCID: PMC6527566 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects caused by trauma, tumour resection, infection and congenital deformities, together with articular cartilage defects and cartilage-subchondral bone complex defects caused by trauma and degenerative diseases, remain great challenges for clinicians. Novel strategies utilising cell sheet technology to enhance bone and cartilage regeneration are being developed. The cell sheet technology has shown great clinical potential in regenerative medicine due to its effective preservation of cell-cell connections and extracellular matrix and its scaffold-free nature. This review will first introduce several widely used cell sheet preparation systems, including traditional approaches and recent improvements, as well as their advantages and shortcomings. Recent advances in utilising cell sheet technology to regenerate bone or cartilage defects and bone-cartilage complex defects will be reviewed. The key challenges and future research directions for the application of cell sheet technology in bone and cartilage regeneration will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhi Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangzheng Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Yin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhua Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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38
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Re F, Sartore L, Moulisova V, Cantini M, Almici C, Bianchetti A, Chinello C, Dey K, Agnelli S, Manferdini C, Bernardi S, Lopomo NF, Sardini E, Borsani E, Rodella LF, Savoldi F, Paganelli C, Guizzi P, Lisignoli G, Magni F, Salmeron-Sanchez M, Russo D. 3D gelatin-chitosan hybrid hydrogels combined with human platelet lysate highly support human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. J Tissue Eng 2019; 10:2041731419845852. [PMID: 31105928 PMCID: PMC6507314 DOI: 10.1177/2041731419845852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow and adipose tissue human mesenchymal stem cells were seeded in highly performing 3D gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogels of varying chitosan content in the presence of human platelet lysate and evaluated for their proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Both bone marrow and adipose tissue human mesenchymal stem cells in gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogel 1 (chitosan content 8.1%) or gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogel 2 (chitosan 14.9%) showed high levels of viability (80%–90%), and their proliferation and osteogenic differentiation was significantly higher with human platelet lysate compared to fetal bovine serum, particularly in gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogel 1. Mineralization was detected early, after 21 days of culture, when human platelet lysate was used in the presence of osteogenic stimuli. Proteomic characterization of human platelet lysate highlighted 59 proteins mainly involved in functions related to cell adhesion, cellular repairing mechanisms, and regulation of cell differentiation. In conclusion, the combination of our gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogels with hPL represents a promising strategy for bone regenerative medicine using human mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Re
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologica AIL (CREA), ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luciana Sartore
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vladimira Moulisova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marco Cantini
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Camillo Almici
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianchetti
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Clizia Chinello
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Kamol Dey
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Agnelli
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Bernardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologica AIL (CREA), ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola F Lopomo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emilio Sardini
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Borsani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaptation and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi F Rodella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaptation and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Savoldi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Dental Materials Science, Discipline of Applied Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Corrado Paganelli
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Guizzi
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fulvio Magni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Domenico Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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39
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Kohno Y, Lin T, Pajarinen J, Romero-Lopez M, Maruyama M, Huang JF, Nathan K, Yao Z, Goodman SB. Osteogenic ability of rat bone marrow concentrate is at least as efficacious as mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2500-2506. [PMID: 30779478 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell therapy using bone marrow concentrate (BMC) or purified and expanded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to have a promising osteogenic capacity. However, few studies have directly compared their relative osteogenic ability. The aim of this study was to compare the osteogenic ability of BMC isolated by density gradient centrifugation with bone marrow-derived MSCs in vitro using the cells of 3-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The isolated cells were seeded onto 24-well plates (1 × 105 cells/well) and cultured in control growth media, osteogenic media with dexamethasone, or media without dexamethasone (which simulated the in vivo tissue environment). Alkaline phosphatase activity at week 2, osteocalcin using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction at week 4, and Alizarin red staining at week 4 were evaluated. In the osteogenic media with dexamethasone, BMC showed equivalent (osteocalcin) or even greater (Alizarin red staining) osteogenic ability compared to MSCs, suggesting that cross-talk among various cells in the BMC leads to greater osteogenesis. Furthermore, in the osteogenic media without dexamethasone, BMC showed equivalent (osteocalcin) or a trend for greater (Alizarin red staining) bone formation than MSCs alone. Our results suggest that BMC has at least comparable bone regeneration potential to MSCs. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B:2500-2506, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kohno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Tzuhua Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jukka Pajarinen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Monica Romero-Lopez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Masahiro Maruyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jhih-Fong Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Karthik Nathan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Mesenchymal stem cell sheets: a new cell-based strategy for bone repair and regeneration. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 41:305-318. [PMID: 30680496 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02649-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a class of adult stem cells, are considered a promising source for bone regeneration. Although combining MSCs with biomaterial scaffolds offers an interesting clinical strategy for bone tissue engineering, the presence of the scaffolds could induce an undesirable effect on cell-cell interactions. Moreover, before the application of scaffold materials in bone tissue reconstruction, cells must be manipulated with proteolytic enzymes, such as trypsin or dispase that degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and cell surface proteins, which can result in the cell damage and loss of cellular activity. Therefore, the development of alternative strategies for bone regeneration is required to solve these problems. Recently, a novel tissue engineering technology named 'cell sheet' has been efficaciously utilized in the regeneration of bone, corneal, cardiac, tracheal and periodontal ligament-like tissues. The cell sheet is a layer of cells, which contains intact ECM and cell surface proteins such as growth factor receptors, ion channels and cell-to-cell junction proteins. MSC sheets can be easily fabricated by layering the recovered cell sheets without any scaffolds or complicated manipulation. This review summarizes the current state of the literature regarding the use of MSCs to produce cell sheets and assesses their applicability in bone tissue regeneration and repair.
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41
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Cell sheet technology: a promising strategy in regenerative medicine. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:3-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Jacobs FA, van de Vyver M, Ferris WF. Isolation and Characterization of Different Mesenchymal Stem Cell Populations from Rat Femur. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1916:133-147. [PMID: 30535691 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8994-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be used for a multitude of applications, from the study of biological processes such as cell division and coordinated gene expression to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, although highly similar, MSCs isolated and purified from different tissues may be biologically different in the ability of the cells to respond to environmental cues that instigate and propagate changes in cell fate such as differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence. Selecting which MSC subtype to study may therefore profoundly influence the outcome of the investigation. Here we outline the isolation, purification, and differentiation of three different MSC subtypes derived from various depots within rat bone. These include MSCs from bone marrow, compact bone, and the proximal femur. Osteoblastic and adipogenic differentiation exemplify differences between these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frans Alexander Jacobs
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mari van de Vyver
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - William Frank Ferris
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Sun X, Guo Q, Wei W, Robertson S, Yuan Y, Luo X. Current Progress on MicroRNA-Based Gene Delivery in the Treatment of Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic Fracture. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:6782653. [PMID: 30962808 PMCID: PMC6431398 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6782653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence demonstrates that microRNAs, as important endogenous posttranscriptional regulators, are essential for bone remodeling and regeneration. Undoubtedly, microRNA-based gene therapies show great potential to become novel approaches against bone-related diseases, including osteoporosis and associated fractures. The major obstacles for continued advancement of microRNA-based therapies in clinical application include their poor in vivo stability, nonspecific biodistribution, and unwanted side effects. Appropriate chemical modifications and delivery vectors, which improve the biological performance and potency of microRNA-based drugs, hold the key to translating miRNA technologies into clinical practice. Thus, this review summarizes the current attempts and existing deficiencies of chemical modifications and delivery systems applied in microRNA-based therapies for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures to inform further explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138# Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Wenhua Wei
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Stöbener DD, Hoppensack A, Scholz J, Weinhart M. Endothelial, smooth muscle and fibroblast cell sheet fabrication from self-assembled thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:8333-8343. [PMID: 30298896 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01099d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we introduce a platform to fabricate human dermal fibroblast (HDF), human aortic smooth muscle cell (HAoSMC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) sheets using thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) coatings. Copolymer brushes based on glycidyl methyl ether (GME) and ethyl glycidyl ether (EGE) were self-assembled onto polystyrene (PS) culture substrates via the physical adsorption of a hydrophobic, photoreactive benzophenone anchor block based on the monomer 4-[2-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)ethoxy]benzophenone (EEBP). The directed self-assembly of well-defined, end-tethered poly(GME-ran-EGE)-block-poly(EEBP) (PGE) brushes was achieved via the selective, EEBP-driven adsorption of the asymmetric block copolymer from dilute aqueous solution below its cloud point temperature (CPT). Subsequently, the PGE brush layers were covalently immobilized onto the PS surfaces by irradiation with UV light and characterized by ellipsometry, static water contact angle (CA) measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We found that, by decreasing the temperature from 37 to 20 °C, the coatings undergo a pancake-to-brush transition, which triggers cell sheet detachment. In addition, cell culture parameters were optimized to allow proper adhesion and controlled detachment of confluent HDF, HAoSMC and HUVEC sheets, which can be applied in vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel David Stöbener
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anke Hoppensack
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johanna Scholz
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Tu C, Xiao Y, Ma Y, Wu H, Song M. The legacy effects of electromagnetic fields on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell self-renewal and multiple differentiation potential. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:215. [PMID: 30092831 PMCID: PMC6085613 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on bone nonunion have been reported for many years. Many studies and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that EMF exhibited benefits in curing delayed union and nonunion of long bone fractures. Most of them focused on the immediate effects, while the legacy effects of EMF remain poorly investigated. Methods In this study, rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with EMF, and after a period of time the BMSC proliferation and differentiation were detected. Additionally, BMSC sheets with or without EMF treatment were transplanted into the rat tibia fracture nonunion models. The bone formation was evaluated after 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Results Our results showed that the proliferation capacity of BMSCs was heightened after EMF pretreatment. Over a period of time of EMF pretreatment, the capacities of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation were enhanced, while adipogenic differentiation was weakened. BMSC sheets pretreated with EMF could better promote the healing of tibia fracture in rats, compared to BMSC sheets alone. Furthermore, significantly higher values of radiographic grading scores were observed in the EMF group. Conclusions EMF has lasting effects on the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs, and together with cell sheet technology can provide a new method for the treatment of fracture nonunion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Xiao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhuang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingyu Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Mathematical Modeling Reveals the Role of Hypoxia in the Promotion of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Long-Term Expansion. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9283432. [PMID: 29861746 PMCID: PMC5976908 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9283432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many experimental studies have found that human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in long-term culture exhibited enhanced cell proliferation and prolonged lifespan under hypoxia (around 1%–7% oxygen) against the normoxic condition (about 21% oxygen). Inspired by the experimental findings, we aimed to investigate the hypoxic effects on MSC expansion quantitatively through mathematical modeling to elucidate the corresponding biological mechanism. A two-compartment model based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which incorporate cellular division and senescence via state transition, was developed to describe the MSC expansion process. Parameters of this model were fitted to experimental data and used to interpret the different proliferative capacities of MSCs under hypoxia and normoxia along with model sensitivity analysis. The proposed model was tested on data from two separate experimental studies, and it could reproduce the observed growth characteristics in both conditions. Overall, this compartmental model with a logistic state transition rate was sufficient to explain the experimental findings and highlighted the promotive role of hypoxia in MSC proliferation. This in silico study suggests that hypoxia can enhance MSC long-term expansion mainly by delaying replicative senescence, which is indicated by the slowdown of the state transition rate in our model. Therefore, this explanatory model may provide theoretical proof for the experimentally observed MSC growth superiority under hypoxia and has the potential to further optimize MSC culture protocols for regenerative medicine applications.
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Mussano F, Genova T, Petrillo S, Roato I, Ferracini R, Munaron L. Osteogenic Differentiation Modulates the Cytokine, Chemokine, and Growth Factor Profile of ASCs and SHED. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051454. [PMID: 29757956 PMCID: PMC5983594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Great efforts have been made to improve bone regeneration techniques owing to a growing variety of sources of stem cells suitable for autologous transplants. Specifically, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and stems cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) hold great potential for bone tissue engineering and cell therapy. After a preliminary characterization of the main biomolecules ASCs and SHED released in their conditioned media, cells were kept both in normal and osteo-inducing conditions. Conventional assays were performed to prove their osteogenic potential such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) (for RUNX-2, collagen type I, osteopontin and osteonectin), alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin production, and von Kossa staining. Conditioned media were tested again after the osteogenic induction and compared to maintaining condition both at base line and after 14 days of culture. The osteogenic condition inhibited the release of all the biomolecules, with the exception, concerning SHED, of growth-regulated alpha protein precursor (GROα), and, to a lesser extent, interleukin (IL)-8. In conclusion, our data support that undifferentiated ASCs and SHED may be preferable to committed ones for general cell therapy approaches, due to their higher paracrine activity. Osteoinduction significantly affects the cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor profile in a differential way, as SHED kept a more pronounced pro-angiogenic signature than ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mussano
- CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences UNITO, via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Tullio Genova
- CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences UNITO, via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, UNITO, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy.
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, UNITO, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Roato
- Center for Research and Medical Studies, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Ferracini
- Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), Orthopaedic Clinic-IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Luca Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, UNITO, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy.
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Wei P, Yuan Z, Cai Q, Mao J, Yang X. Bioresorbable Microspheres with Surface-Loaded Nanosilver and Apatite as Dual-Functional Injectable Cell Carriers for Bone Regeneration. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800062. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Zuoying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Jianping Mao
- Department of Spine Surgery; Beijing Jishuitan Hospital; Beijing 100035 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 P. R. China
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