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Chen X, Zhang A, Zhao K, Gao H, Shi P, Chen Y, Cheng Z, Zhou W, Zhang Y. The role of oxidative stress in intervertebral disc degeneration: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102323. [PMID: 38734147 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the main driving mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD). Oxidative stress has been associated with inflammation in the intervertebral disc, cellular senescence, autophagy, and epigenetics of intervertebral disc cells. It and the above pathological mechanisms are closely linked through the common hub reactive oxygen species(ROS), and promote each other in the process of disc degeneration and promote the development of the disease. This reveals the important role of oxidative stress in the process of IDD, and the importance and great potential of IDD therapy targeting oxidative stress. The efficacy of traditional therapy is unstable or cannot be maintained. In recent years, due to the rise of materials science, many bioactive functional materials have been applied in the treatment of IDD, and through the combination with traditional drugs, satisfactory efficacy has been achieved. At present, the research review of antioxidant bioactive materials in the treatment of IDD is not complete. Based on the existing studies, the mechanism of oxidative stress in IDD and the common antioxidant therapy were summarized in this paper, and the strategies based on emerging bioactive materials were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Anran Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kangcheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Haiyang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Pengzhi Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhangrong Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Department of Operating Room, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Wang D, Lu K, Zou G, Wu D, Cheng Y, Sun Y. Attenuating intervertebral disc degeneration through spermidine-delivery nanoplatform based on polydopamine for persistent regulation of oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:132881. [PMID: 38838900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most widespread musculoskeletal diseases worldwide, intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) remains an intractable clinical problem. Currently, oxidative stress has been widely considered as a significant risk factor in the IVDD pathological changes, and targeting oxidative stress injury to improve the harsh microenvironment may provide a novel and promising strategy for disc repair. It is evident that spermidine (SPD) has the ability to attenuate oxidative stress across several disease models. However, limited research exists regarding its impact on oxidative stress within the intervertebral disc. Moreover, enhancing the local utilization rate of SPD holds great significance in IVDD management. This study aimed to develop an intelligent biodegradable mesoporous polydopamine (PDA) nanoplatform for sustained release of SPD. The obtained PDA nanoparticles with spherical morphology and mesoporous structure released loaded-therapeutic molecules under low pH and H2O2. Combined treatment with SPD loaded into PDA nanoparticles (SPD/PDA) resulted in better therapeutic potential than those with SPD alone on oxidative stress injury. Furthermore, both SPD and SPD/PDA could induce anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization. Upon injection into degenerative IVDs, the SPD/PDA group achieved a good repair efficacy with a long-term therapeutic effect. These findings indicated that the synergized use of SPD with responsive drug delivery nanocarriers may steadily scavenge reactive oxygen species and provide an effective approach toward the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng First People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng First People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyou Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng First People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Duanrong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng First People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng First People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Da W, Chen Q, Shen B. The current insights of mitochondrial hormesis in the occurrence and treatment of bone and cartilage degeneration. Biol Res 2024; 57:37. [PMID: 38824571 PMCID: PMC11143644 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular phenotypic abnormalities are intricately associated with the degeneration of bone and cartilage. Consequently, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory patterns governing mitochondrial function and its underlying mechanisms holds promise for mitigating the progression of osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, and osteoporosis. Mitochondrial hormesis, referred to as mitohormesis, represents a cellular adaptive stress response mechanism wherein mitochondria restore homeostasis and augment resistance capabilities against stimuli by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), orchestrating unfolded protein reactions (UPRmt), inducing mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDP), instigating mitochondrial dynamic changes, and activating mitophagy, all prompted by low doses of stressors. The varying nature, intensity, and duration of stimulus sources elicit divergent degrees of mitochondrial stress responses, subsequently activating one or more signaling pathways to initiate mitohormesis. This review focuses specifically on the effector molecules and regulatory networks associated with mitohormesis, while also scrutinizing extant mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to bone and cartilage degeneration through oxidative stress damage. Additionally, it underscores the potential of mechanical stimulation, intermittent dietary restrictions, hypoxic preconditioning, and low-dose toxic compounds to trigger mitohormesis, thereby alleviating bone and cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wacili Da
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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Tang J, Luo Y, Wang Q, Wu J, Wei Y. Stimuli-Responsive Delivery Systems for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4735-4757. [PMID: 38813390 PMCID: PMC11135562 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s463939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
As a major cause of low back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration is an increasingly prevalent chronic disease worldwide that leads to huge annual financial losses. The intervertebral disc consists of the inner nucleus pulposus, outer annulus fibrosus, and sandwiched cartilage endplates. All these factors collectively participate in maintaining the structure and physiological functions of the disc. During the unavoidable degeneration stage, the degenerated discs are surrounded by a harsh microenvironment characterized by acidic, oxidative, inflammatory, and chaotic cytokine expression. Loss of stem cell markers, imbalance of the extracellular matrix, increase in inflammation, sensory hyperinnervation, and vascularization have been considered as the reasons for the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. The current treatment approaches include conservative therapy and surgery, both of which have drawbacks. Novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems are more promising future therapeutic options than traditional treatments. By combining bioactive agents with specially designed hydrogels, scaffolds, microspheres, and nanoparticles, novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems can realize the targeted and sustained release of drugs, which can both reduce systematic adverse effects and maximize therapeutic efficacy. Trigger factors are categorized into internal (pH, reactive oxygen species, enzymes, etc.) and external stimuli (photo, ultrasound, magnetic, etc.) based on their intrinsic properties. This review systematically summarizes novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems for intervertebral disc degeneration, shedding new light on intervertebral disc therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuexin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qirui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juntao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulong Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Xia Q, Zhao Y, Dong H, Mao Q, Zhu L, Xia J, Weng Z, Liao W, Hu Z, Yi J, Feng S, Jiang Y, Xin Z. Progress in the study of molecular mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116593. [PMID: 38626521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Degenerative intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is one of the main spinal surgery, conditions, which markedly increases the incidence of low back pain and deteriorates the patient's quality of life, and it imposes significant social and economic burdens. The molecular pathology of IVDD is highly complex and multilateral however still not ompletely understood. New findings indicate that IVDD is closely associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, cell injury and extracellular matrix metabolismdysregulation. Symptomatic management is the main therapeutic approach adopted for IVDD, but it fails to address the basic pathological changes and the causes of the disease. However, research is still focusing on molecular aspects in terms of gene expression, growth factors and cell signaling pathways in an attempt to identify specific molecular targets for IVDD treatment. The paper summarizes the most recent achievements in molecularunderstanding of the pathogenesis of IVDD and gives evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqiu Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Huaize Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qiming Mao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jiyue Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zijing Weng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wenbo Liao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Zongyue Hu
- Department of Pain Rehabilitation, Affiliated Sinopharm Gezhouba Central Hospital, Third Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province 443003, China
| | - Jiangbi Yi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Shuai Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Youhong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhijun Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3244, Dynamics of Genetic Information, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France.
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Tamagawa S, Sakai D, Nojiri H, Nakamura Y, Warita T, Matsushita E, Schol J, Soma H, Ogasawara S, Munesada D, Koike M, Shimizu T, Sato M, Ishijima M, Watanabe M. SOD2 orchestrates redox homeostasis in intervertebral discs: A novel insight into oxidative stress-mediated degeneration and therapeutic potential. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103091. [PMID: 38412803 PMCID: PMC10907854 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a pervasive global health concern, primarily associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Although oxidative stress has been shown to contribute to IVD degeneration, the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. This study aimed to unravel the role of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in IVD pathogenesis and target oxidative stress to limit IVD degeneration. SOD2 demonstrated a dynamic regulation in surgically excised human IVD tissues, with initial upregulation in moderate degeneration and downregulation in severely degenerated IVDs. Through a comprehensive set of in vitro and in vivo experiments, we found a suggestive association between excessive mitochondrial superoxide, cellular senescence, and matrix degradation in human and mouse IVD cells. We confirmed that aging and mechanical stress, established triggers for IVD degeneration, escalated mitochondrial superoxide levels in mouse models. Critically, chondrocyte-specific Sod2 deficiency accelerated age-related and mechanical stress-induced disc degeneration in mice, and could be attenuated by β-nicotinamide mononucleotide treatment. These revelations underscore the central role of SOD2 in IVD redox balance and unveil potential therapeutic avenues, making SOD2 and mitochondrial superoxide promising targets for effective LBP interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Tamagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
| | - Hidetoshi Nojiri
- Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Takayuki Warita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Erika Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Jordy Schol
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Hazuki Soma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Shota Ogasawara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Daiki Munesada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shimizu
- Aging Stress Response Research Project Team, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masato Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Muneaki Ishijima
- Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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Jia S, Yang T, Gao S, Bai L, Zhu Z, Zhao S, Wang Y, Liang X, Li Y, Gao L, Zhang Z, Gao X, Li D, Chen S, Zhang B, Meng C. Exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration via repairing mitochondrial dysfunction. J Orthop Translat 2024; 46:103-115. [PMID: 38841339 PMCID: PMC11150913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS), predominantly generated by mitochondria, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Reduction of ROS levels may be an effective strategy to delay IVDD. In this study, we assessed whether umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-exosomes (UCMSC-exos) can be used to treat IVDD by suppressing ROS production caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Materials and methods Human UCMSC-exos were isolated and identified. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were stimulated with H2O2 in the presence or absence of exosomes. Then, 4D label free quantitative (4D-LFQ) proteomics were used to analyze the differentially expressed (DE) proteins. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial ROS and protein levels were determined via immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and western blotting respectively. Additionally, high-throughput sequencing was performed to identify the DE miRNAs in NPCs. Finally, therapeutic effects of UCMSC-exos were investigated in a puncture-induced IVDD rat model. Degenerative grades of rat IVDs were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging and histochemical staining. Results UCMSC-exos effectively improved the viability of NPCs and restored the expression of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, collagen type II alpha-1 (COL2A1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 induced by H2O2. Additionally, UCMSC-exos not only reduced the total intracellular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide levels, but also increased MMP in pathological NPCs. 4D-LFQ proteomics and western blotting further revealed that UCMSC-exos up-regulated the levels of the mitochondrial protein, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), in H2O2-induced NPCs. High-throughput sequencing and qRT-PCR uncovered that UCMSC-exos down-regulated the levels of miR-194-5p, a potential negative regulator of TFAM, induced by H2O2. Finally, in vivo results showed that UCMSC-exos injection improved the histopathological structure and enhanced the expression levels of COL2A1 and TFAM in the rat IVDD model. Conclusions Our findings suggest that UCMSC-exos promote ECM synthesis, relieve mitochondrial oxidative stress, and attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro and in vivo, thereby effectively treating IVDD. The translational potential of this article This study provides solid experimental data support for the therapeutic effects of UCMSC-exos on IVDD, suggesting that UCMSC-exos will be a promising nanotherapy for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Jia
- Clinical Research Team of Spine & Spinal Cord Diseases, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250355, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Luyue Bai
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhu
- Clinical Research Team of Spine & Spinal Cord Diseases, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250355, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Yexin Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Yanpeng Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Longfei Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Zifang Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266021, China
| | - Dongru Li
- Department of Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, 45 Jianshe Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Shang Chen
- Clinical Research Team of Spine & Spinal Cord Diseases, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
| | - Chunyang Meng
- Clinical Research Team of Spine & Spinal Cord Diseases, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, China
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Xiao H, Wang K, Peng L, Yin Z. Laquinimod attenuates oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial injury and alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111804. [PMID: 38457986 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a significant global health concern. It is necessary to investigate the underlying pathological mechanisms leading to IVDD and develop precise treatment strategies for this condition. Considering the well-established anti-inflammatory properties and ability to reduce oxidative stress in various diseases, for the first time we aim to explore the potential of Laquinimod in alleviating IVDD. METHODS We used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to simulate the oxidative stress microenvironment in IVDD, and Laquinimod for intervention purposes. Western blot analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence assay were used to measure the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, catabolic enzymes, and markers of extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. In addition, dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA) and JC-1 fluorescent probes, flow cytometry analysis, and qRT-PCR were used to measure mitochondrial function and apoptosis in NP cells under conditions of oxidative stress. An acupuncture-induced rat model of IVDD was established to further evaluate the efficacy of Laquinimod in alleviating IVDD in vivo. RESULTS Our findings showed that Laquinimod significantly reduced the oxidative stress-induced inflammatory response in NP cells, downregulated the expression of catabolic enzymes, and markedly enhanced ECM degradation by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. The administration of Laquinimod concurrently improved the mitochondrial functional state and reduced apoptosis in NP cells. Additionally, in vivo experiments in rats showed that Laquinimod significantly alleviated acupuncture-induced IVDD. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the findings of this study provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of Laquinimod as a treatment for oxidative stress-induced IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingdao Jimo District People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan No. 4 People's Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China,.
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Chen X, Li K, Xiao Y, Wu W, Lin H, Qing X, Tian S, Liu S, Feng S, Wang B, Shao Z, Peng Y. SP1/CTR1-mediated oxidative stress-induced cuproptosis in intervertebral disc degeneration. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38599595 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is an age-related disease and is responsible for low back pain. Oxidative stress-induced cell death plays a fundamental role in IDD pathogenesis. Cuproptosis is a recently discovered form of programmed cell death dependent on copper availability. Whether cuproptosis is involved in IDD progression remains unknown. Herein, we established in vitro and in vivo models to investigate cuproptosis in IDD and the mechanisms by which oxidative stress interacts with copper sensitivity in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). We found that ferredoxin-1 (FDX1) content increased in both rat and human degenerated discs. Sublethal oxidative stress on NPCs led to increased FDX1 expression, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related proteins lipoylation and aggregation, and cell death in the presence of Cu2+ at physiological concentrations, while FDX1 knockdown inhibited cell death. Since copper homeostasis is involved in copper-induced cytotoxicity, we investigated the role of copper transport-related proteins, including importer (CTR1) and efflux pumps (ATPase transporter, ATP7A, and ATP7B). CTR1 and ATP7A content increased under oxidative stress, and blocking CTR1 reduced oxidative stress/copper-induced TCA-related protein aggregation and cell death. Moreover, oxidative stress promoted the expression of specific protein 1 (SP1) and SP1-mediated CTR1 transcription. SP1 inhibition decreased cell death rates, preserved disc hydration, and alleviated tissue degeneration. This suggests that oxidative stress upregulates FDX1 expression and copper flux through promoting SP1-mediated CTR1 transcription, leading to increased TCA cycle-related protein aggregation and cuproptosis. This study highlights the importance of cuproptosis in IDD progression and provides a promising therapeutic target for IDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzuo Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kanglu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangcheng Qing
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Tian
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baichuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Tao Y, Yu X, Li X, Xu Y, Wang H, Zhang L, Lin R, Wang Y, Fan P. M6A methylation-regulated autophagy may be a new therapeutic target for intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:389-403. [PMID: 38317355 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Degeneration of intervertebral discs is considered one of the most important causes of low back pain and disability. The intervertebral disc (IVD) is characterized by its susceptibility to various stressors that accelerate the senescence and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells, resulting in the loss of these cells and dysfunction of the intervertebral disc. Therefore, how to reduce the loss of nucleus pulposus cells under stress environment is the main problem in treating intervertebral disc degeneration. Autophagy is a kind of programmed cell death, which can provide energy by recycling substances in cells. It is considered to be an effective method to reduce the senescence and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells under stress. However, further research is needed on the mechanisms by which autophagy of nucleus pulposus cells is regulated under stress environments. M6A methylation, as the most extensive RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, participates in various cellular biological functions and is believed to be related to the regulation of autophagy under stress environments, may play a significant role in nucleus pulposus responding to stress. This article first summarizes the effects of various stressors on the death and autophagy of nucleus pulposus cells. Then, it summarizes the regulatory mechanism of m6A methylation on autophagy-related genes under stress and the role of these autophagy genes in nucleus pulposus cells. Finally, it proposes that the methylation modification of autophagy-related genes regulated by m6A may become a new treatment approach for intervertebral disc degeneration, providing new insights and ideas for the clinical treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuao Tao
- Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuzhu Xu
- Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rubing Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuntao Wang
- Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pan Fan
- Department of Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Song C, Hu P, Peng R, Li F, Fang Z, Xu Y. Bioenergetic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration. Pharmacol Res 2024; 202:107119. [PMID: 38417775 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a frequent cause of low back pain and is the most common cause of disability. Treatments for symptomatic IVD degeneration, including conservative treatments such as analgesics, physical therapy, anti-inflammatories and surgeries, are aimed at alleviating neurological symptoms. However, there are no effective treatments to prevent or delay IVD degeneration. Previous studies have identified risk factors for IVD degeneration such as aging, inflammation, genetic factors, mechanical overload, nutrient deprivation and smoking, but metabolic dysfunction has not been highlighted. IVDs are the largest avascular structures in the human body and determine the hypoxic and glycolytic features of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that intracellular metabolic dysfunction is associated with IVD degeneration, but a comprehensive review is lacking. Here, by reviewing the physiological features of IVDs, pathological processes and metabolic changes associated with IVD degeneration and the functions of metabolic genes in IVDs, we highlight that glycolytic pathway and intact mitochondrial function are essential for IVD homeostasis. In degenerated NPs, glycolysis and mitochondrial function are downregulated. Boosting glycolysis such as HIF1α overexpression protects against IVD degeneration. Moreover, the correlations between metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity and IVD degeneration and their underlying molecular mechanisms are discussed. Hyperglycemia in diabetic diseases leads to cell senescence, the senescence-associated phenotype (SASP), apoptosis and catabolism of extracellualr matrix in IVDs. Correcting the global metabolic disorders such as insulin or GLP-1 receptor agonist administration is beneficial for diabetes associated IVD degeneration. Overall, we summarized the recent progress of investigations on metabolic contributions to IVD degeneration and provide a new perspective that correcting metabolic dysfunction may be beneficial for treating IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Peixuan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Renpeng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Zhong Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
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12
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Fu Y, Huang XQ, Qu HB, Ge YZ, Ru XL. Tandem Mass Tag-Based Proteomic Analysis of Normal and Degenerated Human Intervertebral Discs. J Pain Res 2024; 17:1313-1326. [PMID: 38563035 PMCID: PMC10982071 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s449044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the main cause of low back pain (LBP), but the specific regulatory factors, pathways and specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Methods We identified and quantitatively analyzed Pfirrmann Grade II (n=3) and Pfirrmann Grade IV (n=3) pulposus samples via MRI. The differential abundance of proteins in the samples was determined and quantitatively analyzed by relative and absolute quantitative analysis of the isotope marker levels combined with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MSMS/MS). Results A total of 70 proteins (30 significantly increased proteins (> 1.2-fold change) and 40 significantly decreased proteins (< 0.8-fold change)) showed different levels among the groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses and Western blot analysis showed that CYCS, RAC1, and PSMD14 may play important roles in IVDD and that Epstein‒Barr virus infection, viral myocarditis, colorectal cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are the main pathways involved in IVDD. Conclusion CYCS, RAC1 and PSMD14 may play important roles in IVDD, and Epstein‒Barr virus infection, viral myocarditis, colorectal cancer, NAFLD and ALS may be the main pathways involved in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang-Bo Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhi Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Liang Ru
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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周 豪, 陈 涛, 吴 爱. [Effects of Oxidative Stress on Mitochondrial Functions and Intervertebral Disc Cells]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:249-255. [PMID: 38645848 PMCID: PMC11026887 DOI: 10.12182/20240360201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is widely recognized as one of the main causes of lower back pain. Intervertebral disc cells are the primary cellular components of the discs, responsible for synthesizing and secreting collagen and proteoglycans to maintain the structural and functional stability of the discs. Additionally, intervertebral disc cells are involved in maintaining the nutritional and metabolic balance, as well as exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects within the intervertebral discs. Consequently, intervertebral disc cells play a crucial role in the process of disc degeneration. When these cells are exposed to oxidative stress, mitochondria can be damaged, which may disrupt normal cellular function and accelerate degenerative changes. Mitochondria serve as the powerhouse of cells, being the primary energy-producing organelles that control a number of vital processes, such as cell death. On the other hand, mitochondrial dysfunction may be associated with various degenerative pathophysiological conditions. Moreover, mitochondria are the key site for oxidation-reduction reactions. Excessive oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species can negatively impact on mitochondrial function, potentially leading to mitochondrial damage and impaired functionality. These factors, in turn, triggers inflammatory responses, mitochondrial DNA damage, and cell apoptosis, playing a significant role in the pathological processes of intervertebral disc cell degeneration. This review is focused on exploring the impact of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species on mitochondria and the crucial roles played by oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species in the pathological processes of intervertebral disc cells. In addition, we discussed current cutting-edge treatments and introduced the use of mitochondrial antioxidants and protectants as a potential method to slow down oxidative stress in the treatment of disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- 豪 周
- 温州医科大学附属第二医院 浙江省骨科学重点实验室 (温州 325000)Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - 涛 陈
- 温州医科大学附属第二医院 浙江省骨科学重点实验室 (温州 325000)Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - 爱悯 吴
- 温州医科大学附属第二医院 浙江省骨科学重点实验室 (温州 325000)Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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14
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Xu WN, Zheng HL, Yang RZ, Sun YF, Peng BR, Liu C, Song J, Jiang SD, Zhu LX. The mitochondrial UPR induced by ATF5 attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration via cooperating with mitophagy. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:16. [PMID: 38472656 PMCID: PMC10933207 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09854-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is an aging disease that results in a low quality of life and heavy socioeconomic burden. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) take part in various aging-related diseases. Our research intents to explore the role and underlying mechanism of UPRmt in IVDD. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were exposed to IL-1β and nicotinamide riboside (NR) served as UPRmt inducer to treat NP cells. Detection of ATP, NAD + and NADH were used to determine the function of mitochondria. MRI, Safranin O-fast green and Immunohistochemical examination were used to determine the degree of IVDD in vivo. In this study, we discovered that UPRmt was increased markedly in the NP cells of human IVDD tissues than in healthy controls. In vitro, UPRmt and mitophagy levels were promoted in NP cells treated with IL-1β. Upregulation of UPRmt by NR and Atf5 overexpression inhibited NP cell apoptosis and further improved mitophagy. Silencing of Pink1 reversed the protective effects of NR and inhibited mitophagy induced by the UPRmt. In vivo, NR might attenuate the degree of IDD by activating the UPRmt in rats. In summary, the UPRmt was involved in IVDD by regulating Pink1-induced mitophagy. Mitophagy induced by the UPRmt might be a latent treated target for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ning Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- Department of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Huo-Liang Zheng
- Department of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Run-Ze Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan-Fang Sun
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Bi-Rong Peng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Sheng-Dan Jiang
- Department of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China.
| | - Li-Xin Zhu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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15
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Du S, Zhou X, Zheng B. Beyond Traditional Medicine: EVs-Loaded Hydrogels as a Game Changer in Disease Therapeutics. Gels 2024; 10:162. [PMID: 38534580 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes, have shown great therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases, as they can target cells or tissues. However, the therapeutic effect of EVs is limited due to the susceptibility of EVs to immune system clearance during transport in vivo. Hydrogels have become an ideal delivery platform for EVs due to their good biocompatibility and porous structure. This article reviews the preparation and application of EVs-loaded hydrogels as a cell-free therapy strategy in the treatment of diseases. The article also discusses the challenges and future outlook of EVs-loaded hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Du
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhou
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
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16
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Khaleque MA, Kim JH, Lee HH, Kim GH, You WY, Lee WJ, Kim YY. Comparative Analysis of Autophagy and Apoptosis in Disc Degeneration: Understanding the Dynamics of Temporary-Compression-Induced Early Autophagy and Sustained-Compression-Triggered Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2352. [PMID: 38397026 PMCID: PMC10889391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the initiation of autophagy activation and apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells under temporary compression (TC) and sustained compression (SC) to identify ideal research approaches in intervertebral disc degeneration. Various techniques were used: radiography (X-ray), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transmission electron microscope (TEM), H&E staining, Masson's trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) (LC3, beclin-1, and cleaved caspase-3), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for autophagy-related (beclin-1, LC3, and P62) and apoptosis-related (caspase-3 and PARP) gene expression analysis. X-ray and MRI revealed varying degrees of disc degeneration, ranging from moderate to severe in both groups. The severity was directly linked to compression duration, with SC resulting in notably severe central NP cell degeneration. Surprisingly, TC also caused similar, though less severe, degeneration. Elevated expression of LC3 and beclin-1 was identified after 6 weeks, but it notably declined after 12 weeks. Central NP cells in both groups exhibited increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 that was positively correlated with the duration of SC. TC showed fewer apoptotic markers compared to SC. LC3, beclin-1, and P62 mRNA expression peaked after 6 weeks and declined after 12 weeks in both groups. Cleaved caspase-3 and PARP expression peaked in SC, positively correlating with longer compression duration, while TC showed lower levels of apoptosis gene expression. Furthermore, TEM results revealed different events of the autophagic degradation process after 2 weeks of compression. TCmay be ideal for studying early triggered autophagy-mediated degeneration, while SC may be ideal for studying late or slower-triggered apoptosis-mediated degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Young-Yul Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943, Republic of Korea; (M.A.K.); (J.-H.K.); (H.-H.L.); (G.-H.K.); (W.-Y.Y.); (W.-J.L.)
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Huang G, Shen H, Xu K, Shen Y, Jiale Jin, Chu G, Xing H, Feng Z, Wang Y. Single-Cell Microgel Encapsulation Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Treating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Inhibiting Pyroptosis. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0311. [PMID: 38371273 PMCID: PMC10871001 DOI: 10.34133/research.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
While mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) shows great potentials in treating intervertebral disc degeneration, most MSC die soon after intradiscal transplantation, resulting in inferior therapeutic efficacy. Currently, bulk hydrogels are the common solution to improve MSC survival in tissues, although hydrogel encapsulation impairs MSC migration and disrupts extracellular microenvironment. Cell hydrogel encapsulation has been proposed to overcome the limitation of traditional bulk hydrogels, yet this technique has not been used in treating disc degeneration. Using a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique, we fabricated alginate and gelatin microgel to encapsulate individual MSC for treating disc degeneration. The small size of microgel allowed intradiscal injection of coated MSC. We demonstrated that pyroptosis was involved in MSC death under oxidative stress stimulation, and microgel coating suppressed pyroptosis activation by maintaining mitochondria homeostasis. Microgel coating protected MSC in the harsh disc microenvironment, while retaining vital cellular functions such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In a rat model of disc degeneration, coated MSC exhibits prolonged retention in the disc and better efficacy of attenuating disc degeneration, as compared with bare MSC treatment alone. Further, microgel-coated MSC exhibited improved therapeutic effects in treating disc degeneration via suppressing the activation of pyroptosis in the disc. For the first time, microgel-encapsulated MSC was used to treat disc degeneration and obtain encouraging outcomes. The developed biocompatible single-cell hydrogel is an effective strategy to protect MSC and maintain cellular functions and may be an efficacious approach to improving the efficacy of MSC therapy in treating disc degeneration. The objective of this study is to improve the efficacy of cell therapy for treating disc degeneration using single-cell hydrogel encapsulation and further to understand related cytoprotective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanrui Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Haotian Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Kaiwang Xu
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiale Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Guangyu Chu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hongyuan Xing
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhiyun Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
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18
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Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zou X, Wang Y, Qi J, Han S, Xin J, Zheng Z, Wei L, Zhang T, Zhang S. Unraveling the mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration: an exploration of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1324561. [PMID: 38313000 PMCID: PMC10834758 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1324561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is a worldwide spinal degenerative disease. Low back pain (LBP) is frequently caused by a variety of conditions brought on by IDD, including IVD herniation and spinal stenosis, etc. These conditions bring substantial physical and psychological pressure and economic burden to patients. IDD is closely tied with the structural or functional changes of the IVD tissue and can be caused by various complex factors like senescence, genetics, and trauma. The IVD dysfunction and structural changes can result from extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, differentiation, inflammation, oxidative stress, mechanical stress, and senescence of IVD cells. At present, the treatment of IDD is basically to alleviate the symptoms, but not from the pathophysiological changes of IVD. Interestingly, the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling pathway is involved in many processes of IDD, including inflammation, ECM degradation, apoptosis, senescence, proliferation, oxidative stress, and autophagy. These activities in degenerated IVD tissue are closely relevant to the development trend of IDD. Hence, the p38 MAPK signaling pathway may be a fitting curative target for IDD. In order to better understand the pathophysiological alterations of the intervertebral disc tissue during IDD and offer potential paths for targeted treatments for intervertebral disc degeneration, this article reviews the purpose of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Zilin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaosong Zou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Jinwei Qi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Song Han
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Jingguo Xin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Tianhui Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
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19
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Montgomery-Song A, Ashraf S, Santerre P, Kandel R. Senescent response in inner annulus fibrosus cells in response to TNFα, H2O2, and TNFα-induced nucleus pulposus senescent secretome. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0280101. [PMID: 38181003 PMCID: PMC10769024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescence, particularly in the nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of disc degeneration, however, the mechanism(s) of annulus fibrosus (AF) cell senescence is still not well understood. Both TNFα and H2O2, have been implicated as contributors to the senescence pathways, and their levels are increased in degenerated discs when compared to healthy discs. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify factor(s) that induces inner AF (iAF) cell senescence. Under TNFα exposure, at a concentration previously shown to induce senescence in NP cells, bovine iAF cells did not undergo senescence, indicated by their ability to continue to proliferate as demonstrated by Ki67 staining and growth curves and lack of expression of the senescent markers, p16 and p21. The lack of senescent response occurred even though iAF express higher levels of TNFR1 than NP cells. Interestingly, iAF cells showed no increase in intracellular ROS or secreted H2O2 in response to TNFα which contrasted to NP cells that did. Following TNFα treatment, only iAF cells had increased expression of the superoxide scavengers SOD1 and SOD2 whereas NP cells had increased NOX4 gene expression, an enzyme that can generate H2O2. Treating iAF cells with low dose H2O2 (50 μM) induced senescence, however unlike TNFα, H2O2 did not induce degenerative-like changes as there was no difference in COL2, ACAN, MMP13, or IL6 gene expression or number of COL2 and ACAN immunopositive cells compared to untreated controls. The latter result suggests that iAF cells may have distinct degenerative and senescent phenotypes. To evaluate paracrine signalling by senescent NP cells, iAF and TNFα-treated NP cells were co-cultured. In contact co-culture the NP cells induced iAF senescence. Thus, senescent NP cells may secrete soluble factors that induce degenerative and senescent changes within the iAF. This may contribute to a positive feedback loop of disc degeneration. It is possible these factors may include H2O2 and cytokines (such as TNFα). Further studies will investigate if human disc cells respond similarly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sajjad Ashraf
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mt. Sinai Hospital and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul Santerre
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rita Kandel
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mt. Sinai Hospital and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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20
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Zhu P, Wu X, Ni L, Chen K, Dong Z, Du J, Kong F, Mao Y, Tao H, Chu M, Mao H, Yang H, Liu Q, Gan M, Geng D. Inhibition of PP2A ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration by reducing annulus fibrosus cells apoptosis via p38/MAPK signal pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166888. [PMID: 37722489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is considered one of the main reasons for low back pain (LBP). To date, the specific pathology of IVDD remains unclear. The annulus fibrosus (AF) is an important part of the intervertebral disc, and AF cell oxidative stress, apoptosis plays a vital role in disc degeneration. Protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A), a serine/threonine phosphatase, has regulatory functions in various processes, including apoptosis and autophagy. However, thus far, the effect of PP2A on IVDD is not clear. METHODS AF cells derived from caudal intervertebral discs in SD rats were used to analyze the levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis and degeneration as well as PP2A expression. A PP2A agonist (FTY720), inhibitor (microcystin-LR) and siRNA (si-PPP2CA) were employed in IVDD induced by H2O2 to investigate the levels of apoptosis and degeneration. The p38/MAPK signal pathways were evaluated, and a p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and ERK inhibitor (U0126) were added for verification. Finally, FTY720 and microcystin-LR were administered to IVDD rats to assess the effects on levels of apoptosis and degeneration and the relief of IVDD. RESULTS The expression of PP2A was increased in rat AF cells after H2O2 intervention. The levels of apoptosis and degeneration were higher with upregulation of PP2A but were significantly reduced after inhibition of PP2A. The PP2A inhibitor relieved cell apoptosis and degeneration by downregulating the p38/MAPK pathway. In vivo, the knockdown of PP2A resulted in a more complete morphology of discs and less apoptotic and degenerative expression. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the downregulation of PP2 A could reduce AF cell apoptosis and degeneration via the p38/MAPK pathway. It also revealed that the inhibition of PP2 A is expected to be a therapeutic target for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiexing Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Hai'an People's Hospital, Hai'an 226600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongchen Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiacheng Du
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanchen Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yubo Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, Yixing People's Hospital, Yixing 214200, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiqin Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qinbai Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lianshui People's Hospital of Kangda College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Minfeng Gan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Wang HS, Lin S, Yu HM. Exosome-mediated Repair of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: The Potential Role of miRNAs. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:798-808. [PMID: 37150986 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230504094233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a serious condition that manifests as low back pain, intervertebral disc protrusion, and spinal canal stenosis. At present, the main treatment methods for IVDD are surgical interventions such as discectomy, total disc replacement, and spinal fusion. However, these interventions have shown limitations, such as recurrent lumbar disc herniation after discectomy, lesions in adjacent segments, and failure of fixation. To overcome these shortcomings, researchers have been exploring stem cell transplantation therapy, such as mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation, but the treatment results are still controversial. Therefore, researchers are in search of new methods that are more efficient and have better outcomes. The exosomes from stem cells contain a variety of bioactive molecules that mediate cell interactions, and these components have been investigated for their potential therapeutic role in the repair of various tissue injuries. Recent studies have shown that MSC-derived miRNAs in exosomes and vesicles have therapeutic effects on nucleus pulposus cells, annulus fibrosus, and cartilage endplate. miRNAs play a role in many cell activities, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cytokine release, by acting on mRNA translation, and they may have immense therapeutic potential, especially when combined with stem cell therapy. This article reviews the current status of research on intervertebral disc repair, especially with regard to the latest research findings on the molecular biological mechanisms of miRNAs in MSC-derived exosomes in intervertebral disc repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hai-Ming Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
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22
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Gao Y, Chen X, Zheng G, Lin M, Zhou H, Zhang X. Current status and development direction of immunomodulatory therapy for intervertebral disk degeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1289642. [PMID: 38179277 PMCID: PMC10764593 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1289642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) is a main factor in lower back pain, and immunomodulation plays a vital role in disease progression. The IVD is an immune privileged organ, and immunosuppressive molecules in tissues reduce immune cell (mainly monocytes/macrophages and mast cells) infiltration, and these cells can release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, disrupting the IVD microenvironment and leading to disease progression. Improving the inflammatory microenvironment in the IVD through immunomodulation during IVDD may be a promising therapeutic strategy. This article reviews the normal physiology of the IVD and its degenerative mechanisms, focusing on IVDD-related immunomodulation, including innate immune responses involving Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors and the complement system and adaptive immune responses that regulate cellular and humoral immunity, as well as IVDD-associated immunomodulatory therapies, which mainly include mesenchymal stem cell therapies, small molecule therapies, growth factor therapies, scaffolds, and gene therapy, to provide new strategies for the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiyue Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sanya People’s Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Guan Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Maoqiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sanya People’s Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
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23
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Wu S, Liu S, Huang R, Zhou Y, Zou Y, Yang W, Zhang J. Adiponectin inhibits LPS-induced nucleus pulposus cell pyroptosis through the miR-135a-5p/TXNIP signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13680-13692. [PMID: 38048212 PMCID: PMC10756118 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a newly discovered programmed cell death process, is characterized by NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pro-inflammatory mediator release. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cell pyroptosis is an important cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine and has an anti-inflammatory effect. However, whether and how APN protects against NP cell pyroptosis remains unexplored. Our results showed that human degenerated NP tissue displayed a significant increase in the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD-N. APN expression was down-regulated in human degenerated NP tissue and NP cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of APN increased miR-135a-5p levels, decreased thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression and its interaction with NLRP3, and inhibited pyroptosis in human NP cells stimulated with LPS. TXNIP was identified as a direct target of miR-135a-5p. The inhibitory effects of APN on pyroptosis were reversed by pretreatment with miR-135a-5p inhibitor or lentiviral vector expressing TXNIP in LPS-treated human NP cells. In summary, these data suggest that APN restrains LPS-induced pyroptosis through the miR-135a-5p/TXNIP signaling pathway in human NP cells. Increasing APN levels could be a new approach to retard IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shida Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Youbing Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yongcheng Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
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24
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Wang Y, Hu S, Zhang W, Zhang B, Yang Z. Emerging role and therapeutic implications of p53 in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:433. [PMID: 38040675 PMCID: PMC10692240 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower back pain (LBP) is a common degenerative musculoskeletal disease that imposes a huge economic burden on both individuals and society. With the aggravation of social aging, the incidence of LBP has increased globally. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the primary cause of LBP. Currently, IDD treatment strategies include physiotherapy, medication, and surgery; however, none can address the root cause by ending the degeneration of intervertebral discs (IVDs). However, in recent years, targeted therapy based on specific molecules has brought hope for treating IDD. The tumor suppressor gene p53 produces a transcription factor that regulates cell metabolism and survival. Recently, p53 was shown to play an important role in maintaining IVD microenvironment homeostasis by regulating IVD cell senescence, apoptosis, and metabolism by activating downstream target genes. This study reviews research progress regarding the potential role of p53 in IDD and discusses the challenges of targeting p53 in the treatment of IDD. This review will help to elucidate the pathogenesis of IDD and provide insights for the future development of precision treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidian Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shouye Hu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weisong Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Binfei Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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25
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Song C, Xu Y, Peng Q, Chen R, Zhou D, Cheng K, Cai W, Liu T, Huang C, Fu Z, Wei C, Liu Z. Mitochondrial dysfunction: a new molecular mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:2249-2260. [PMID: 37925665 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01813-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a chronic degenerative orthopedic illness that causes lower back pain as a typical clinical symptom, severely reducing patients' quality of life and work efficiency, and imposing a significant economic burden on society. IVDD is defined by rapid extracellular matrix breakdown, nucleus pulposus cell loss, and an inflammatory response. It is intimately related to the malfunction or loss of myeloid cells among them. Many mechanisms have been implicated in the development of IVDD, including inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cellular autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In recent years, mitochondrial dysfunction has become a hot research topic in age-related diseases. As the main source of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in myeloid cells, mitochondria are essential for maintaining myeloid cell survival and physiological functions. METHODS We searched the PUBMED database with the search term "intervertebral disc degeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction" and obtained 82 articles, and after reading the abstracts and eliminating 30 irrelevant articles, we finally obtained 52 usable articles. RESULTS Through a review of the literature, it was discovered that IVDD and cellular mitochondrial dysfunction are also linked. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the advancement of IVDD by influencing a number of pathophysiologic processes such as mitochondrial fission/fusion, mitochondrial autophagy, cellular senescence, and cell death. CONCLUSION We examine the molecular mechanisms of IVDD-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and present novel directions for quality management of mitochondrial dysfunction as a treatment approach to IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qinghua Peng
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Daqian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weiye Cai
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chenyi Huang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Zhijiang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Cong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Zongchao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone-setting), Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Orthopedic and Traumatic Diseases Prevention and Treatment, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No.182, Chunhui Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
- Luzhou Longmatan District People's Hospital, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
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26
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Zhou H, Qian Q, Chen Q, Chen T, Wu C, Chen L, Zhang Z, Wu O, Jin Y, Wang X, Guo Z, Sun J, Zhang J, Shen S, Wang X, Jones M, Khan MA, Makvandi P, Zhou Y, Wu A. Enhanced Mitochondrial Targeting and Inhibition of Pyroptosis with Multifunctional Metallopolyphenol Nanoparticles in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2308167. [PMID: 37953455 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a significant contributor to low back pain, characterized by excessive reactive oxygen species generation and inflammation-induced pyroptosis. Unfortunately, there are currently no specific molecules or materials available to effectively delay IVDD. This study develops a multifunctional full name of PG@Cu nanoparticle network (PG@Cu). A designed pentapeptide, bonded on PG@Cu nanoparticles via a Schiff base bond, imparts multifunctionality to the metal polyphenol particles (PG@Cu-FP). PG@Cu-FP exhibits enhanced escape from lysosomal capture, enabling efficient targeting of mitochondria to scavenge excess reactive oxygen species. The scavenging activity against reactive oxygen species originates from the polyphenol-based structures within the nanoparticles. Furthermore, Pyroptosis is effectively blocked by inhibiting Gasdermin mediated pore formation and membrane rupture. PG@Cu-FP successfully reduces the activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome by inhibiting Gasdermin protein family (Gasdermin D, GSDMD) oligomerization, leading to reduced expression of Nod-like receptors. This multifaceted approach demonstrates higher efficiency in inhibiting Pyroptosis. Experimental results confirm that PG@Cu-FP preserves disc height, retains water content, and preserves tissue structure. These findings highlight the potential of PG@Cu-FP in improving IVDD and provide novel insights for future research in IVDD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Qiuping Qian
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Qizhu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Chenyu Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Linjie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Ouqiang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yuxin Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Xinzhou Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou, 551700, China
| | - Shuying Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Morgan Jones
- Spine Unit, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham, B31 2AP, United Kingdom
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324000, China
| | - Yunlong Zhou
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
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Kim Y, An SB, Lee SH, Lee JJ, Kim SB, Ahn JC, Hwang DY, Han I. Enhanced Intervertebral Disc Repair via Genetically Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Tetracycline Regulatory System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16024. [PMID: 38003216 PMCID: PMC10671788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration can be enhanced by amplifying specific cytokines and proteins. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of tetracycline-off system-engineered tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ToMSC-Tetoff-TGFβ1-IGF1-BMP7) for treating intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. ToMSCs were isolated from a tonsillectomy patient and genetically modified with four distinct plasmids via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in gene editing. Transgene expression was confirmed through immunofluorescence, western blots, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) protein secretion, and the effect of MSC-TetOff-TGFβ1-IGF1-BMP7 on disc injury was assessed in a rat model. The ToMSC-Tetoff-TGFβ1-IGF1-BMP7 treatment exhibited superior therapeutic effects compared to ToMSC-TGFβ1, and ToMSC-SDF1α implantation groups, stimulating the regeneration of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells crucial for IVD. The treatment showed potential to restore the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by upregulating key molecules such as aggrecan and type II collagen. It also exhibited anti-inflammatory properties and reduced pain-inducing neuropeptides. ToMSC-Tetoff-TGFβ1-IGF1-BMP7 holds promise as a novel treatment for IVD degeneration. It appears to promote NP cell regeneration, restore ECM structure, suppress inflammation, and reduce pain. However, more research and clinical trials are required to confirm its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Kim
- Research Competency Milestones Program of School of Medicine, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong Bae An
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong Joo Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Bum Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Cheul Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Youn Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea;
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Huang ZN, Wang ZY, Cheng XF, Huang ZZ, Han YL, Cui YZ, Liu B, Tian W. Melatonin alleviates oxidative stress-induced injury to nucleus pulposus-derived mesenchymal stem cells through activating PI3K/Akt pathway. J Orthop Translat 2023; 43:66-84. [PMID: 38089645 PMCID: PMC10711395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The changes in the microenvironment of degenerative intervertebral discs cause oxidative stress injury and excessive apoptosis of intervertebral disc endogenous stem cells. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible mechanism of the protective effect of melatonin on oxidative stress injury in NPMSCs induced by H2O2. METHODS The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide and the protective effects of melatonin. ROS content was detected by 2'7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by the JC-1assay. Transferase mediated d-UTP Nick end labeling (TUNEL) and Annexin V/PI double staining were used to determine the apoptosis rate. Additionally, apoptosis-associated proteins and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related proteins were evaluated by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting and PCR. ECMs were evaluated by RT‒PCR and immunofluorescence. In vivo, X-ray, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Histological analyses were used to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin. RESULTS Melatonin had an obvious protective effect on NPMSCs treated with 0-10 μM melatonin for 24 h. In addition, melatonin also had obvious protective effects on mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased membrane potential and cell senescence induced by H2O2. More importantly, melatonin could significantly reduce the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells induced by H2O2 by regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and decreasing the rate of apoptosis. After treatment with melatonin, the PI3K/Akt pathway was significantly activated in nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells, while the protective effect was significantly weakened after PI3K-IN-1 treatment. In vivo, the results of X-ray, MRI and histological analyses showed that therapy with melatonin could partially reduce the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration. CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that melatonin can effectively alleviate the excessive apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction of nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells induced by oxidative stress via the PI3K/Akt pathway, which provides a novel idea for the therapy of intervertebral disc degeneration. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE This study indicates that melatonin can effectively alleviate the excessive apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction of NPMSCs through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Melatonin might serve as a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of Intervertebral disc degeneration disease (IVDD) in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Nan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Shandong, 200072, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Hospital Affiliated to Peking University, No. 37 Xinjiekou East, Road, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Ze-Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210019, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedics Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhao-Zhang Huang
- Taixing Medical Center, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, 225400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan-Ling Han
- Medical Experimental Research Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Ya-Zhou Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Shandong, 200072, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Hospital Affiliated to Peking University, No. 37 Xinjiekou East, Road, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Hospital Affiliated to Peking University, No. 37 Xinjiekou East, Road, Beijing, 100035, China
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Karchevskaya AE, Poluektov YM, Korolishin VA. Understanding Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Background Factors and the Role of Initial Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2714. [PMID: 37893088 PMCID: PMC10604877 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is complex and multifactorial, and it is still not fully understood. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of IVDD will help to improve treatment regimens and avoid unnecessary surgical aggression. In order to summarize recent research data on IVDD pathogenesis, including genetic and immune factors, a literature review was conducted. The pathogenesis of IVDD is a complex multifactorial process without an evident starting point. There are extensive data on the role of the different genetic factors affecting the course of the disease, such as mutations in structural proteins and enzymes involved in the immune response. However, these factors alone are not sufficient for the development of the disease. Nevertheless, like mechanical damage, they can also be considered risk factors for IVDD. In conclusion, currently, there is no consensus on a single concept for the pathogenesis of IVDD. We consider the intervertebral disc autoimmune damage hypothesis to be the most promising hypothesis for clinicians, because it can be extrapolated to all populations and does not counteract other factors. The genetic factors currently known do not allow for building effective predictive models; however, they can be used to stratify the risks of individual populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. Karchevskaya
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5A Butlerova Str., 117485 Moscow, Russia;
- Medical Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri M. Poluektov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, 4th-Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str. 16, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy A. Korolishin
- Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Studies, 2/1 Barrikadnaya Str., Building 1, 125993 Moscow, Russia;
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Shen S, Zhang C, Meng Y, Cui G, Wang Y, Liu X, He Q. Sensing of H2O2-induced oxidative stress by the UPF factor complex is crucial for activation of catalase-3 expression in Neurospora. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010985. [PMID: 37844074 PMCID: PMC10578600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
UPF-1-UPF-2-UPF-3 complex-orchestrated nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a well-characterized eukaryotic cellular surveillance mechanism that not only degrades aberrant transcripts to protect the integrity of the transcriptome but also eliminates normal transcripts to facilitate appropriate cellular responses to physiological and environmental changes. Here, we describe the multifaceted regulatory roles of the Neurospora crassa UPF complex in catalase-3 (cat-3) gene expression, which is essential for scavenging H2O2-induced oxidative stress. First, losing UPF proteins markedly slowed down the decay rate of cat-3 mRNA. Second, UPF proteins indirectly attenuated the transcriptional activity of cat-3 gene by boosting the decay of cpc-1 and ngf-1 mRNAs, which encode a well-studied transcription factor and a histone acetyltransferase, respectively. Further study showed that under oxidative stress condition, UPF proteins were degraded, followed by increased CPC-1 and NGF-1 activity, finally activating cat-3 expression to resist oxidative stress. Together, our data illustrate a sophisticated regulatory network of the cat-3 gene mediated by the UPF complex under physiological and H2O2-induced oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Shen
- MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhao Meng
- MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guofei Cui
- MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qun He
- MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Xu G, Lu X, Liu S, Zhang Y, Xu S, Ma X, Xia X, Lu F, Zou F, Wang H, Song J, Jiang J. MSC-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration By Regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 Axis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2465-2480. [PMID: 37528254 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10570-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes (BMSC-exos) are a crucial means of intercellular communication and can regulate a range of biological processes by reducing inflammation, decreasing apoptosis and promoting tissue repair. The process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of a decrease in the expression of Nrf2, a critical transcription factor that resists excessive ROS. Our study demonstrated that BMSC-exos decreased ROS production by inhibiting Keap1 and promoting Nrf2 expression, attenuating the apoptosis, inflammation, and degeneration of nucelus pulposus (NP) cells. BMSC-exos promoted an increase in Nrf2 and nuclear translocation, while NF-κB expression was downregulated during this process. Additionally, the expression of antioxidative proteins was elevated after treatment with BMSC-exos. In vivo, we found more NP tissue retention in the BMSC-exos-treated group, along with more expression of Nrf2 and antioxidant-related proteins. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that BMSC-exos could restore the down-regulated antioxidant response system in degenerating NP cells by modulating the Keap1/Nrf2 axis. BMSC-exos could be used as an immediate ROS modulator in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. When BMSC-exos were uptaken by NPCs, the expression of Keap1 decreased and this led to increased expression of Nrf2. Nuclear translocation of Nrf2 then promoted the synthesis of antioxidants against ROS and inhibited NF-kB signalling. Cellular inflammation, apoptosis, and ECM-related indicators were further reduced. Together, the process of IVDD was alleviated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Siyang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shun Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaosheng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xinlei Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Feizhou Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Jianyuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Li Y, Tian X, He W, Jin C, Yang C, Pan Z, Xu Y, Yang H, Liu H, Liu T, He F. Fucoidan-functionalized gelatin methacryloyl microspheres ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration by restoring redox and matrix homeostasis of nucleus pulposus. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126166. [PMID: 37553034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) and dehydration of the nucleus pulposus (NP) are major pathological characteristics of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), the leading cause of low back pain. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by proinflammatory cytokines substantially contribute to IVDD pathogenesis. This study aimed to examine the potential of fucoidan in protecting the matrix metabolism of NP cells and its therapeutic efficacy in the prevention of IVDD. In an inflammatory environment induced by interleukin (IL)-1β, fucoidan treatments demonstrated a dose-dependent enhancement of ECM production in NP cells, while concurrently reducing the expression of matrix degradation enzymes. The protective effect of fucoidan was mediated through the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and subsequent induction of antioxidant enzymes, whereas silencing Nrf2 abrogated the protection of fucoidan on NP cells against IL-1β-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, a novel fucoidan-functionalized gelatin methacryloyl microsphere (Fu@GelMA-MS) was synthesized. The in vivo application of Fu@GelMA-MS via in situ injection in a rat caudal IVD model effectively conserved the ECM components and maintained the hydration of the NP tissue, thereby preventing IVDD caused by puncture. Collectively, fucoidan-functionalized hydrogel microspheres represent a promising strategy for the regeneration of NP and the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Chenyang Jin
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chunju Yang
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zejun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
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SU C, ZHAO X, YE J, ZHANG X, JIANG Y, GUO J, ZHANG X, QI W, ZHU J. Effect of Tuina along "bladder meridian" alleviating intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating the transforming growth factor-β1/Smad signaling pathway in a rabbit model. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2023; 43:991-1000. [PMID: 37679987 PMCID: PMC10465829 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Tuina (a traditional Chinese massage therapy) on intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and the regulatory mechanisms of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling pathway. METHODS Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into five groups: the control group, model group, model + Tuina group (Tuina group), model + TGF-β1 group (TGF-β1 group), and model + TGF-β1 inhibitor SB431542 group (SB431542 group). The model was established by posterolateral annulus fibrosus puncturing (AFP). Recombinant TGF-β1 and inhibitor SB431542 was injected into the TGF-β1 group and SB431542 group with a microsyringe, respectively. The rabbits in the Tuina group received Tuina treatment along the bladder meridian for 4 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on rabbits before AFP and after 4 weeks of intervention. Lumbar IVDs (L2-L3 to L4-L5) were harvested after intervention. Histopathological changes in the IVDs were measured by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Type I collagen was analyzed by immunohistochemistry detection. The expression level of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling and Western blotting. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to analyze the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3/4 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5. RESULTS Posterolateral AFP induced IVD degeneration in rabbits with histopathological damage and noticeable changes in MRI images. Tuina alleviated histo-pathological changes and reversed the expression of extracellular matrix degeneration-related molecules and apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, AFP induced the activation of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3/4, whereas Tuina therapy markedly reduced the protein expression of Smad2/3 and the gene expression of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3/4. Additionally, the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway was activated in the TGF-β1 group, while the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway was inhibited in the SB431542 group. CONCLUSION Posterolateral AFP induced disc degeneration as determined by MRI assessment and histological analysis. Tuina alleviated disc degeneration, possibly by inhibiting the fibrotic response mediated by the TGF-β1/Smad pathway, thus alleviating extracellular matrix degeneration and reducing cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguo SU
- 1 Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xiaoyan ZHAO
- 2 Clinical Medical School, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jiangnan YE
- 1 Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xin ZHANG
- 1 Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yuqing JIANG
- 1 Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Junjie GUO
- 2 Clinical Medical School, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xiyuan ZHANG
- 2 Clinical Medical School, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Wenchuan QI
- 1 Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jun ZHU
- 1 Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
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Wu R, Huang L, Xia Q, Liu Z, Huang Y, Jiang Y, Wang J, Ding H, Zhu C, Song Y, Liu L, Zhang L, Feng G. Injectable mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate hydrogel loaded with melatonin for intervertebral disc regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100731. [PMID: 37533731 PMCID: PMC10393589 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major contributing factor to both lower back and neck pain. As IDD progresses, the intervertebral disc (IVD) loses its ability to maintain its disc height when subjected to axial loading. This failure in the weight-bearing capacity of the IVD is a characteristic feature of degeneration. Natural polymer-based hydrogel, derived from biological polymers, possesses biocompatibility and is able to mimic the structure of extracellular matrix, enabling them to support cellular behavior. However, their mechanical performance is relatively poor, thus limiting their application in IVD regeneration. In this study, we developed an injectable composite hydrogel, namely, Mel-MBG/SA, which is similar to natural weight-bearing IVD. Mesoporous bioactive glasses not only enhance hydrogels, but also act as carriers for melatonin (Mel) to suppress inflammation during IDD. The Mel-MBG/SA hydrogel further provides a mixed system with sustained Mel release to alleviate IL-1β-induced oxidative stress and relieve inflammation associated with IDD pathology. Furthermore, our study shows that this delivery system can effectively suppress inflammation in the rat tail model, which is expected to further promote IVD regeneration. This approach presents a novel strategy for promoting tissue regeneration by effectively modulating the inflammatory environment while harnessing the mechanical properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibang Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Leizhen Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinghong Xia
- Operating Room of Anesthesia Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulin Jiang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Juehan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ce Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueming Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ganjun Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
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Shi Y, Li H, Chu D, Lin W, Wang X, Wu Y, Li K, Wang H, Li D, Xu Z, Gao L, Li B, Chen H. Rescuing Nucleus Pulposus Cells From Senescence via Dual-Functional Greigite Nanozyme to Alleviate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300988. [PMID: 37400370 PMCID: PMC10477883 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to progressive deterioration of mitochondrial function, resulting in tissue degeneration. In this study, ROS accumulation induced nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) senescence is observed in degenerative human and rat intervertebral disc, suggesting senescence as a new therapeutic target to reverse intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). By targeting this, dual-functional greigite nanozyme is successfully constructed, which shows the ability to release abundant polysulfides and presents strong superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, both of which function to scavenge ROS and maintain the tissue at physical redox level. By significantly lowering the ROS level, greigite nanozyme rescues damaged mitochondrial function in IVDD models both in vitro and in vivo, rescues NPCs from senescence and alleviated the inflammatory response. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing reveals ROS-p53-p21 axis is responsible for cellular senescence-induced IVDD. Activation of the axis abolishes greigite nanozyme rescued NPCs senescence phenotype, as well as the alleviated inflammatory response to greigite nanozyme, which confirms the role of ROS-p53-p21 axis in greigite nanozyme's function to reverse IVDD. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ROS-induced NPCs senescence leads to IVDD and the dual-functional greigite nanozyme holds strong potential to reverse this process, providing a novel strategy for IVDD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityNo. 368 Hanjiang RoadYangzhou225000P. R. China
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityNo.136 Jiangyang RoadYangzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Hanwen Li
- Orthopedic InstituteDepartment of Orthopedic SurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalSuzhou Medical CollegeSoochow UniversityNo. 899 Pinghai RoadSuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Dongchuan Chu
- Department of RadiologyAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityNo. 368 Hanjiang RoadYangzhou225000P. R. China
| | - Wenzheng Lin
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityNo. 368 Hanjiang RoadYangzhou225000P. R. China
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityNo.136 Jiangyang RoadYangzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityNo. 368 Hanjiang RoadYangzhou225000P. R. China
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityNo.136 Jiangyang RoadYangzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityNo. 368 Hanjiang RoadYangzhou225000P. R. China
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityNo.136 Jiangyang RoadYangzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityNo. 368 Hanjiang RoadYangzhou225000P. R. China
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityNo.136 Jiangyang RoadYangzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityNo.136 Jiangyang RoadYangzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityNo.136 Jiangyang RoadYangzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Zhuobin Xu
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityNo. 368 Hanjiang RoadYangzhou225000P. R. China
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityNo.136 Jiangyang RoadYangzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Lizeng Gao
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for NanozymeInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesNo. 15 Datun RoadBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Orthopedic InstituteDepartment of Orthopedic SurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalSuzhou Medical CollegeSoochow UniversityNo. 899 Pinghai RoadSuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityNo. 368 Hanjiang RoadYangzhou225000P. R. China
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Wu S, Shi Y, Jiang L, Bu W, Zhang K, Lin W, Pan C, Xu Z, Du J, Chen H, Wang H. N-Acetylcysteine-Derived Carbon Dots for Free Radical Scavenging in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300533. [PMID: 37256605 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is associated with oxidative stress induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamic equilibrium disturbance. Nanozymes, as nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity, can regulate intro-cellular ROS levels. In this study, a new carbon dots nanozyme, N-acetylcysteine-derived carbon dots (NAC-CDs), is developed and proved to be an ideal antioxidant and anti-senescent agent in IVDD management. The results confirmed the NAC-CDs have satisfactory biocompatibility and strong superoxide dismutase (250 U mg-1 ), catalase, glutathioneperoxidase-like activity, and total antioxidant capacity. Then, the powerful free radical scavenging and antioxidant ability of NAC-CDs are demonstrated in vitro as observing the reduced ROS in H2 O2 induced senescent nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), in which the elimination efficiency of toxic ROS is more than 90%. NAC-CDs also maintained mitochondrial homeostasis and suppressed cellular senescence, subsequently inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in NPCs. In vivo, evaluations of imaging and tissue morphology assessments suggested that disc height index, magnetic resonance imaging grade and histological score are significantly improved from the degenerative models when NAC-CDs is applied. In conclusion, the study developed a novel carbon dots nanozyme, which efficiently rescues IVDD from ROS induced NPCs senescence and provides a potential strategy in management of IVDD in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200065, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200065, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Letao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhen Bu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wenzheng Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Chun Pan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Zhuobin Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200065, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
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Wang Y, Cheng H, Wang T, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Kang X. Oxidative stress in intervertebral disc degeneration: Molecular mechanisms, pathogenesis and treatment. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13448. [PMID: 36915968 PMCID: PMC10472537 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of labour loss and disability worldwide, and it also imposes a severe economic burden on patients and society. Among symptomatic LBP, approximately 40% is caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). IDD is the pathological basis of many spinal degenerative diseases such as disc herniation and spinal stenosis. Currently, the therapeutic approaches for IDD mainly include conservative treatment and surgical treatment, neither of which can solve the problem from the root by terminating the degenerative process of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Therefore, further exploring the pathogenic mechanisms of IDD and adopting targeted therapeutic strategies is one of the current research hotspots. Among the complex pathophysiological processes and pathogenic mechanisms of IDD, oxidative stress is considered as the main pathogenic factor. The delicate balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants is essential for maintaining the normal function and survival of IVD cells. Excessive ROS levels can cause damage to macromolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins of cells, affect normal cellular activities and functions, and ultimately lead to cell senescence or death. This review discusses the potential role of oxidative stress in IDD to further understand the pathophysiological processes and pathogenic mechanisms of IDD and provides potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidian Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Huiguang Cheng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Xin Kang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
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Zhao WJ, Liu X, Hu M, Zhang Y, Shi PZ, Wang JW, Lu XH, Cheng XF, Tao YP, Feng XM, Wang YX, Zhang L. Quercetin ameliorates oxidative stress-induced senescence in rat nucleus pulposus-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the miR-34a-5p/SIRT1 axis. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:842-865. [PMID: 37700818 PMCID: PMC10494568 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i8.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a main contributor to low back pain. Oxidative stress, which is highly associated with the progression of IDD, increases senescence of nucleus pulposus-derived mesenchymal stem cells (NPMSCs) and weakens the differentiation ability of NPMSCs in degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs). Quercetin (Que) has been demonstrated to reduce oxidative stress in diverse degenerative diseases. AIM To investigate the role of Que in oxidative stress-induced NPMSC damage and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS In vitro, NPMSCs were isolated from rat tails. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunofluorescence, and western blot analyses were used to evaluated the protective effects of Que. Meanwhile the relationship between miR-34a-5p and Sirtuins 1 (SIRT1) was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. To explore whether Que modulates tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced senescence of NPMSCs via the miR-34a-5p/SIRT1 pathway, we used adenovirus vectors to overexpress and downregulate the expression of miR-34a-5p and used SIRT1 siRNA to knockdown SIRT1 expression. In vivo, a puncture-induced rat IDD model was constructed, and X rays and histological analysis were used to assess whether Que could alleviate IDD in vivo. RESULTS We found that TBHP can cause NPMSCs senescence changes, such as reduced cell proliferation ability, increased SA-β-Gal activity, cell cycle arrest, the accumulation of ROS, and increased expression of senescence-related proteins. While abovementioned senescence indicators were significantly alleviated by Que treatment. Que decreased the expression levels of senescence-related proteins (p16, p21, and p53) and senescence-associated secreted phenotype (SASP), including IL-1β, IL-6, and MMP-13, and it increased the expression of SIRT1. In addition, the protective effects of Que on cell senescence were partially reversed by miR-34a-5p overexpression and SIRT1 knockdown. In vivo, X-ray, and histological analyses indicated that Que alleviated IDD in a puncture-induced rat model. CONCLUSION In summary, the present study provides evidence that Que reduces oxidative stress-induced senescence of NPMSCs via the miR-34a/SIRT1 signaling pathway, suggesting that Que may be a potential agent for the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Zhao
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Man Hu
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng-Zhi Shi
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jun-Wu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xu-Hua Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital of The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedics Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin-Min Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhang W, Wang T, Xue Y, Zhan B, Lai Z, Huang W, Peng X, Zhou Y. Research progress of extracellular vesicles and exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1238789. [PMID: 37646039 PMCID: PMC10461809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and exosomes can significantly improve the curative effect of oxidative stress-related diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles and exosomes (MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos) are rich in bioactive molecules and have many biological regulatory functions. In this review, we describe how MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos reduce the related markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in various systemic diseases, and the molecular mechanism of MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos in treating apoptosis and vascular injury induced by oxidative stress. The results of a large number of experimental studies have shown that both local and systemic administration can effectively inhibit the oxidative stress response in diseases and promote the survival and regeneration of damaged parenchymal cells. The mRNA and miRNAs in MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos are the most important bioactive molecules in disease treatment, which can inhibit the apoptosis, necrosis and oxidative stress of lung, heart, kidney, liver, bone, skin and other cells, and promote their survive and regenerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanye Xue
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingbing Zhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zengjie Lai
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Biomedical Innovation Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Marine Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanfang Zhou
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Huang H, Liu X, Wang J, Suo M, Zhang J, Sun T, Zhang W, Li Z. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1215698. [PMID: 37601097 PMCID: PMC10439242 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1215698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is thought to be a major contributor to low back pain, the etiology of which is complex and not yet fully understood. To compensate for the lack of drug and surgical treatment, mesenchymal stem cells have been proposed for regenerative treatment of intervertebral discs in recent years, and encouraging results have been achieved in related trials. Mesenchymal stem cells can be derived from different parts of the body, among which mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the fetal umbilical cord have excellent performance in terms of difficulty of acquisition, differentiation potential, immunogenicity and ethical risk. This makes it possible for umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells to replace the most widely used bone marrow-derived and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells as the first choice for regenerating intervertebral discs. However, the survival of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells within the intervertebral disc is a major factor affecting their regenerative capacity. In recent years biomaterial scaffolds in tissue engineering have aided the survival of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by mimicking the natural extracellular matrix. This seems to provide a new idea for the application of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. This article reviews the structure of the intervertebral disc, disc degeneration, and the strengths and weaknesses of common treatment methods. We focus on the cell source, cell characteristics, mechanism of action and related experiments to summarize the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and explore the feasibility of tissue engineering technology of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Hoping to provide new ideas for the treatment of disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huagui Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinzuo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Moran Suo
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tianze Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Yidian W, Jihe K, Xudong G, Daxue Z, Mingqiang L, Xuewen K. N-Acetylserotonin Protects Rat Nucleus Pulposus Cells Against Oxidative Stress Injury by Activating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. World Neurosurg 2023; 176:e109-e124. [PMID: 37169069 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current studies suggest that the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is related to oxidative stress damage in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). N-acetylserotonin (NAS) is an effective scavenger of reactive oxygen species, but its role in IDD and its underlying mechanisms are not yet clear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NAS on oxidative stress injury in NPCs and its mechanism. METHODS NP tissue of rat intervertebral disc was collected and NPCs were isolated. NPCs were treated with H2O2 to simulate the state of oxidative stress. The effects of NAS on cell viability, apoptosis, senescence, extracellular matrix (ECM), redox status and PI3K/AKT signal pathway were evaluated by cell counting kit-8, western blot, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and SA-β-gal staining. Finally, the changes of the above indexes were further observed after the inhibition of PI3K pathway by LY294002. RESULTS Flow cytometry showed that NAS reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis of NPCs. SA-β-Gal staining showed that H2O2-induced senescence of NP cells was reversed by NAS. Immunofluorescence staining showed that NAS inhibited H2O2-induced ECM degradation. Western blotting analysis revealed that NAS significantly decreased apoptosis, senescence and ECM degradation. Further analysis showed that NAS treatment activated the PI3K/AKT pathway in H2O2-stimulated NPCs. However, these protected effects were inhibited after LY294002 treatment. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study suggest that NAS inhibits H2O2-induced NPCs degeneration by activating PI3K/AKT pathway, suggesting that NAS has the potential to treat IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yidian
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China; Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kang Jihe
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Guo Xudong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Zhu Daxue
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Liu Mingqiang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Kang Xuewen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for The Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.
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Dou X, Ma Y, Luo Q, Song C, Liu M, Liu X, Jia D, Li S, Liu X. Therapeutic potential of melatonin in the intervertebral disc degeneration through inhibiting the ferroptosis of nucleus pulpous cells. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2340-2353. [PMID: 37329158 PMCID: PMC10424295 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a novel type of cell death mediated by the iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, contributes to the pathogenesis of the intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Increasing evidence demonstrated that melatonin (MLT) displayed the therapeutic potential to prevent the development of IDD. Current mechanistic study aims to explore whether the downregulation of ferroptosis contributes to the therapeutic capability of MLT in IDD. Current studies demonstrated that conditioned medium (CM) from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages caused a series of changes about IDD, including increased intracellular oxidative stress (increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, but decreased glutathione levels), upregulated expression of inflammation-associated factors (IL-1β, COX-2 and iNOS), increased expression of key matrix catabolic molecules (MMP-13, ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5), reduced the expression of major matrix anabolic molecules (COL2A1 and ACAN), and increased ferroptosis (downregulated GPX4 and SLC7A11 levels, but upregulated ACSL4 and LPCAT3 levels) in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. MLT could alleviate CM-induced NP cell injury in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the data substantiated that intercellular iron overload was involved in CM-induced ferroptosis in NP cells, and MLT treatment alleviated intercellular iron overload and protected NP cells against ferroptosis, and those protective effects of MLT in NP cells further attenuated with erastin and enhanced with ferrostatin-1(Fer-1). This study demonstrated that CM from the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages promoted the NP cell injury. MLT alleviated the CM-induced NP cell injury partly through inhibiting ferroptosis. The findings support the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of IDD, and suggest that MLT may serve as a potential therapeutic approach for clinical treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Dou
- Department of OrthopaedicsPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease ResearchBeijingChina
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision MedicineMinistry of EducationBeijingChina
| | - Yunlong Ma
- Pain Medical CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qipeng Luo
- Pain Medical CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Chunyu Song
- Department of AnesthesiologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and MetabolismBeijing Children's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease ResearchBeijingChina
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision MedicineMinistry of EducationBeijingChina
| | - Donglin Jia
- Pain Medical CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shuiqing Li
- Pain Medical CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease ResearchBeijingChina
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision MedicineMinistry of EducationBeijingChina
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Tang T, He Z, Zhu Z, Wang F, Chen H, Zhang F, Zhou J, Wang J, Li B, Liu X, Zhou Z, Liu S. Identification of novel gene signatures and immune cell infiltration in intervertebral disc degeneration using bioinformatics analysis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1169718. [PMID: 37520321 PMCID: PMC10380950 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1169718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the leading cause of lower back pain, and an overall understanding of the molecular mechanisms related to IDD is still lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore gene signatures and immune cell infiltration related to IDD via bioinformatics analysis. Methods: A total of five expression profiles of mRNA and non-coding RNA were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The potentially involved lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed by miRNet, circBank, STRING, and the Cytoscape database. Gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes Analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, Gene Set Variation Analysis, Immune Infiltration Analysis, and Drug-Gene Interaction were used to analyse the top 20 hub genes. RT-qPCR was conducted to confirm the 12 differential expressions of genes both in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus tissues Results: There were 346 differentially expressed mRNAs, 12 differentially expressed miRNAs, 883 differentially expressed lncRNAs, and 916 differentially expressed circRNAs in the GEO database. Functional and enrichment analyses revealed hub genes associated with platelet activation, immune responses, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signalling. The apoptotic pathway, the reactive oxygen species pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation play an essential role in IDD. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that the Treg cells had significant infiltration, and three levels of immune cells, including dendritic cells, Th2 cells, and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, were inhibited in IDD. Drug-gene interaction analysis showed that COL1A1 and COL1A2 were targeted by collagenase clostridium histolyticum, ocriplasmin, and PDGFRA was targeted by 66 drugs or molecular compounds. Finally, 24 cases of IDD tissues and 12 cases of normal disc tissues were collected, and the results of RT-qPCR were consistent with the bioinformatics results. Conclusion: Our data indicated that the 20 hub genes and immune cell infiltration were involved in the pathological process of IDD. In addition, the PDGFRA and two potential drugs were found to be significant in IDD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyuan He
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengya Zhu
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuan Wang
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongkun Chen
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fu Zhang
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baoliang Li
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xizhe Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhou
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyu Liu
- Innovation Platform of Regeneration and Repair of Spinal Cord and Nerve Injury, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu C, Fan L, Guan M, Zheng Q, Jin J, Kang X, Gao Z, Deng X, Shen Y, Chu G, Chen J, Yu Z, Zhou L, Wang Y. A Redox Homeostasis Modulatory Hydrogel with GLRX3 + Extracellular Vesicles Attenuates Disc Degeneration by Suppressing Nucleus Pulposus Cell Senescence. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37432866 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Characterized by nucleus pulposus (NP) cell senescence and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, disc degeneration is a common pathology for various degenerative spinal disorders. To date, effective treatments for disc degeneration are absent. Here, we found that Glutaredoxin3 (GLRX3) is an important redox-regulating molecule associated with NP cell senescence and disc degeneration. Using a hypoxic preconditioning method, we developed GLRX3+ mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vehicles (EVs-GLRX3), which enhanced the cellular antioxidant defense, thus preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and senescence cascade expansion in vitro. Further, a disc tissue-like biopolymer-based supramolecular hydrogel, which was injectable, degradable, and ROS-responsive, was proposed to deliver EVs-GLRX3 for treating disc degeneration. Using a rat model of disc degeneration, we demonstrated that the EVs-GLRX3-loaded hydrogel attenuated mitochondrial damage, alleviated the NP senescence state, and restored ECM deposition by modulating the redox homeostasis. Our findings suggested that modulation of redox homeostasis in the disc can rejuvenate NP cell senescence and thus attenuate disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ming Guan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zheng
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Jiale Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xinchang Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongyang Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoqian Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Guangyu Chu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- Core Facilities, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
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Toczylowska B, Woznica M, Zieminska E, Krolicki L. Metabolic Biomarkers Differentiate a Surgical Intervertebral Disc from a Nonsurgical Intervertebral Disc. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10572. [PMID: 37445750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) is caused by disturbances in metabolic processes, which lead to structural disorders. The aim of this report is to analyze metabolic disorders in the degeneration process by comparing control discs with degenerated discs. In our research on the nucleus pulposus (NP), we used NMR spectroscopy of extracts of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds of the tissue. METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy allows the study of biochemistry and cellular metabolism in vitro. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds were extracted from the NP of the intervertebral disc. In the NMR spectra, metabolites were identified and quantitatively analyzed. The results of our research indicate disturbances in the biosynthesis and metabolism of cholesterol, the biosynthesis and degradation of various fatty acid groups, ketone bodies, or lysine, and the metabolism of glycerophospholipids, purines, glycine, inositol, galactose, alanine, glutamate, and pyruvate in the biosynthesis of valine and isoleucine, leucine. All these disorders indicate pathomechanisms related to oxidative stress, energy, neurotransmission disturbances, and disturbances in the structure and functioning of cell membranes, inflammation, or chronic pain generators. CONCLUSIONS NMR spectroscopy allows the identification of metabolites differentiating surgical from nonsurgical discs. These data may provide guidance in in vivo MRS studies in assessing the severity of lesions of the disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Toczylowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Elzbieta Zieminska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Krolicki
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Zhou D, Song C, Mei Y, Cheng K, Liu F, Cai W, Gao S, Wang Z, Liu Z. A review of Duhuo Jisheng decoction mechanisms in intervertebral disc degeneration in vitro and animal studies. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:436. [PMID: 37322524 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03869-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has become a serious public health problem, placing a heavy burden on society and the healthcare system. Its pathogenesis is not completely clear and may be closely related to mechanical damage, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress and death of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The treatment of IVDD mainly includes conservative treatment and surgery. Conservative treatment is based on hormonal and anti-inflammatory drugs and massage techniques, which can relieve the pain symptoms to a certain extent, but cannot solve the problem from the root cause. Surgical treatment is mainly by removing the herniated nucleus pulposus, but it is more traumatic for IVDD patients, expensive and not suitable for all patients. Therefore, it is extremely important to clarify the pathogenesis of IVDD, to find an effective and convenient treatment and to further elaborate its mechanism of action. The effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of IVDD has been well demonstrated in clinical medical research. We have been working on the Chinese herbal formula Duhuo Jisheng Decoction, which is a common formula for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. Not only does it have significant clinical effects, but it also has few adverse effects. At present, we found that its mechanism of action mainly involves regulation of inflammatory factors, reduction of apoptosis and pyroptosis of NPCs, inhibition of extracellular matrix degradation, improvement of intestinal flora, etc. However, a few relevant articles have yet comprehensively and systematically summarized the mechanisms by which they exert their effect. Therefore, this paper will comprehensively and systematically explain on it. This is of great clinical significance and social value for elucidating the pathogenesis of IVDD and improving the symptoms of patients, and will provide a theoretical basis and scientific basis for the treatment of IVDD with traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yongliang Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weiye Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Silong Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Zongchao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
- Luzhou Longmatan District People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China.
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Wei J, Ou Z, Tong B, Liao Z, Yang C. Engineered extracellular vesicles as therapeutics of degenerative orthopedic diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1162263. [PMID: 37362216 PMCID: PMC10289007 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1162263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative orthopedic diseases, as a global public health problem, have made serious negative impact on patients' quality of life and socio-economic burden. Traditional treatments, including chemical drugs and surgical treatments, have obvious side effects and unsatisfactory efficacy. Therefore, biological therapy has become the focus of researches on degenerative orthopedic diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), with superior properties of immunoregulatory, growth support, and drug delivery capabilities, have emerged as a new cell-free strategy for the treatment of many diseases, including degenerative orthopedic diseases. An increasing number of studies have shown that EVs can be engineered through cargo loading, surface modification, and chemical synthesis to improve efficiency, specificity, and safety. Herein, a comprehensive overview of recent advances in engineering strategies and applications of engineered EVs as well as related researches in degenerative orthopedic diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis (OP), intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), is provided. In addition, we analyze the potential and challenges of applying engineered EVs to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cao Yang
- *Correspondence: Zhiwei Liao, ; Cao Yang,
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Li J, Huang Y, Sun H, Yang L. Mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes in the treatment of age-related diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1181308. [PMID: 37275920 PMCID: PMC10232739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from multiple tissues have the capability of multidirectional differentiation and self-renewal. Many reports indicated that MSCs exert curative effects on a variety of age-related diseases through regeneration and repair of aging cells and organs. However, as research has progressed, it has become clear that it is the MSCs derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) that may have a real role to play, and that they can be modified to achieve better therapeutic results, making them even more advantageous than MSCs for treating disease. This review generalizes the biological characteristics of MSCs and exosomes and their mechanisms in treating age-related diseases, for example, MSCs and their exosomes can treat age-related diseases through mechanisms such as oxidative stress (OS), Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway, and so on. In addition, current in vivo and in vitro trials are described, and ongoing clinical trials are discussed, as well as the prospects and challenges for the future use of exosomes in disease treatment. This review will provide references for using exosomes to treat age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuling Huang
- Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Xu J, Shao T, Lou J, Zhang J, Xia C. Aging, cell senescence, the pathogenesis and targeted therapies of intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1172920. [PMID: 37214476 PMCID: PMC10196014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1172920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) refers to the aging and degenerative diseases of intervertebral disc components such as nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cartilage endplate, and is the main cause of chronic low back pain. Over the past few years, many researchers around the world concerned that the degeneration of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells plays the main role in IVDD. The degeneration of NP cells is caused by a series of pathological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, abnormal proliferation, and autophagy. Interestingly, many studies have found a close relationship between the senescence of NP cells and the progression of NP degeneration. The classical aging pathways also have been confirmed to be involved in the pathological process of IVDD. Moreover, several anti-aging drugs have been used to treat IVDD by inhibiting NP cells senescence, such as proanthocyanidins, resveratrol and bone morphogenetic protein 2. Therefore, this article will systematically list and discuss aging, cell senescence, the pathogenesis and targeted therapies of IVDD, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of IVDD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongnan Xu
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Shao
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfen Lou
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou, China
| | - Chen Xia
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Ekram S, Khalid S, Ramzan F, Salim A, Bashir I, Durrieu MC, Khan I. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Protect Rat Nucleus Pulposus Cells from Oxidative Stress. Cartilage 2023:19476035231172154. [PMID: 37139781 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231172154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) is mainly associated with the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration; it causes nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) to undergo senescence and triggers autophagy and apoptosis. This study aims to evaluate the regeneration potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) in an in vitro rat NPC-induced OS model. DESIGN NPCs were isolated from rat coccygeal discs, propagated, and characterized. OS was induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is confirmed by 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) assay. EVs were isolated from hUC-MSCs and characterized by analyzing the vesicles using fluorescence microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Western blot (WB). The in vitro effects of EVs on migration, uptake, and survival of NPCs were determined. RESULTS SEM and AFM topographic images revealed the size distribution of EVs. The phenotypes of isolated EVs showed that the size of EVs was 403.3 ± 85.94 nm, and the zeta potential was -0.270 ± 4.02 mV. Protein expression analysis showed that EVs were positive for CD81 and annexin V. Treatment of NPCs with EVs reduced H2O2-induced OS as evidenced by a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Co-culture of NPCs with DiI-labeled EVs showed the cellular internalization of EVs. In the scratch assay, EVs significantly increased NPC proliferation and migration toward the scratched area. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that EVs significantly reduced the expression of OS genes. CONCLUSION EVs protected NPCs from H2O2-induced OS by reducing intracellular ROS generation and improved NPC proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Ekram
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Khalid
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Ramzan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Bashir
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | | | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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